Devices and methods for communication
Regenerative payload solutions in NTN networks optimize handover processes and UE context delivery to enhance network efficiency and capacity by managing handover time and reducing signaling overhead.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/102668
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication technologies in Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) face challenges with limited power and bandwidth, requiring improvements in downlink coverage, satellite payload optimization, and efficient power sharing among satellite beams to enhance network performance and capacity.
Implementing regenerative payload solutions, including terminal devices and network devices that manage handovers based on handover time information, support system information block repetition, and optimize UE context delivery to reduce signaling overhead and resource waste.
Enhances NTN performance by optimizing handover processes, reducing signaling overhead, and improving UE context retrieval, thereby improving network efficiency and capacity.
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Figure CN2024102668_02012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for regenerative payload.BACKGROUND
[0003] With developments in communication technologies, enhancing Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) has become crucial to support various applications. In order to ensure reliable and efficient data transmission, it is essential to improve downlink coverage, optimize satellite payload, and efficiently manage power sharing among satellite beams. These enhancements aim to address the challenges of limited power and bandwidth in NTN scenarios. Therefore, it is worth studying these aspects to significantly improve NTN performance and capacity in communication networks.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for regenerative payload.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a source network, handover time information; and initiate a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a source network device. The source network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the source network device to: determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and obtain handover time information of the handover.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a target network device. The target network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the target network device to: obtain handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the terminal device to: determine whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block; and receive the system information block based on the determining.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the network device to: determine a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device; and transmit a system information block to a terminal device based on the capability.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a source network device. The source network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the source network device to: determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and transmit, to a target network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a target network device. The target network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the target network device to: receive, from a source network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of a terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device, wherein the terminal device is to handover from the source network device to the target network device.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a first network device. The first network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; and receive, from the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a second network device. The second network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the second network device to: receive, from a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; and transmit, to the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a core network device. The core network device comprises: a processor, configured to cause the core network device to: receive, from a first network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; transmit, to a second network device, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; receive, from the second network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device; and transmit, to the first network device, the response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0015] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a source network, handover time information; and initiating a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information.
[0016] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a source network device. The method comprises: determining that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and obtaining handover time information of the handover.
[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a target network device. The method comprises: obtaining handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device.
[0018] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: determining whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block; and receiving the system information block based on the determining.
[0019] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: determining a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device; and transmitting a system information block to a terminal device based on the capability.
[0020] In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a source network device. The method comprises: determining that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and transmitting, to a target network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device.
[0021] In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a target network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a source network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of a terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device, wherein the terminal device is to handover from the source network device to the target network device.
[0022] In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; and receiving, from the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0023] In a nineteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a second network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; and transmitting, to the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0024] In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a core network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a first network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; transmitting, to a second network device, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; receiving, from the second network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device; and transmitting, to the first network device, the response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0025] In a twenty-first aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, or twentieth aspect.
[0026] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0029] FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of regenerative satellite;
[0030] FIG. 2B illustrates another schematic diagram of regenerative satellite;
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of satellite switch;
[0032] FIG. 4A and FIG 4B illustrates signaling flows of handover in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates signaling flows of receiving system information block (SIB) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates signaling flows of transmitting context of user equipment (UE) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 7 illustrates signaling flows of retrieving context of UE in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a source network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0038] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a target network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0039] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0040] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0041] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a source network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0042] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a target network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0043] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a first network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0044] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a second network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0045] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a core network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 18 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0047] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0048] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0049] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0050] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0051] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0052] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0053] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0054] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0055] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ a re to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0056] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0057] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0058] As used herein, the term "core network" may refer to the central part of a telecommunications network that provides various services to users who are connected by the access network. The primary functions of the core network include routing, switching, data aggregation, and service delivery.
[0059] As used herein, the term "RRC" refers to the Radio Resource Control protocol in mobile communications systems such as LTE and 5G new radio (NR) . RRC is responsible for the control plane signaling between the UE and the base station. RRC may manage the establishment, maintenance, and release of radio bearers and ensures proper allocation and utilization of radio resources.
[0060] As used herein, the term "MAC CE" refers to Medium Access Control Control Element in cellular network protocols. MAC CEs may be used for transmitting control information between the UE and the base station.
[0061] As used herein, the term "DCI" refers to Downlink Control Information in cellular network protocols. DCI may be a critical component in the control plane that carries the scheduling information for both downlink and uplink transmissions.
[0062] As used herein, the term "HARQ" refers to Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request, a protocol used in wireless communications to enhance data reliability and throughput. HARQ may combine traditional error correction methods with automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanisms.
[0063] As used herein, the term "RNTI" refers to Radio Network Temporary Identifier, a unique identifier assigned to a User Equipment (UE) in a cellular network. The RNTI may be used by the network to identify and manage the UE's connection and communication sessions.
[0064] As used herein, the term "MIB" refers to the Master Information Block. The MIB contains information that the User Equipment (UE) needs to access the network. The MIB may be broadcasted by the base station and includes parameters such as the system frame number, the physical cell identity, and the configuration of the control channels.
[0065] As used herein, the term "OAM" refers to Operations, Administration, and Maintenance. OAM may encompass the activities, processes, and tools used to manage and maintain telecommunications and network systems. As used herein, the term “Xn message” used herein may refer to a message transmitted over an interface between gNBs.
[0066] In some solutions, regenerative payload is supported. For example, it specifies the support of gNB on board. In addition, it also specifies necessary enhancements related to the intra and inter-gNB mobility if needed, especially for Xn interface over feeder link or over inter-satellite link (ISL) .
[0067] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0068] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a terminal device 110 and a network device 120, can communicate with each other. In addition, a core network device 130 is included in the communication environment 100, as shown in FIG. 1. The communication environment 100 may also include another network device 120’.
[0069] In the example of FIG. 1, the terminal device 110 may be a UE and the network device 120 may be a base station serving the UE. The serving area of the network device 120 may be called a cell 102.
[0070] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be located in the cell 102, and one or more additional cells may be deployed in the communication environment 100. It is noted that although illustrated as a network device, the network device 120 may be another device than a network device. Although illustrated as a terminal device, the terminal device 110 may be other device than a terminal device.
[0071] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the terminal device 110 operating as a UE and the network device 120 operating as a base station. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.
[0072] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 is a terminal device and the network device 120 is a network device, a link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the network device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the terminal device 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the network device 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
[0073] The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0074] FIG 2A and FIG. 2B illustrate schematic diagrams of regenerative satellite in different scenarios, respectively. FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of regenerative satellite without ISL or gNB processed payload. On the contrary, FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of regenerative satellite with ISL and gNB processed payload.
[0075] In some solutions, supporting RACH-less handover for regenerative architecture is as shown in the following Table 1. Furthermore, it assumes that network verified UE positioning is supported for regenerative architecture, and the typical setting for common timing advance (TA) and kmac would be zero if regenerative mode with full gNB is on board.
[0076] Table 1. RACH-less
[0077] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of satellite switch. A procedure of satellite switch with resynchronization is shown in the following Table. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, a satellite 1 and another satellite 2 are moving in the satellite moving direction 301 (7.56 km / s) .
[0078] Table 2. satellite switch with re-sync
[0079] As mentioned above, regenerative payload needs to be improved. Some problems need to be addressed, such as the way to know the handover time, and the way to indicate the time. Moreover, the UE behavior needs to be considered. In addition, there are other problems about the way to reduce the signaling overhead of Xn for resynchronization procedure and the way to achieve UE context from the last serving cell. In order to address these problems, there are some solutions proposed in the present disclosure, for example, the solution of handover time to target cell, and solutions about UE context delivering for resynchronization procedure and UE context retrieving from the last serving cell. According to the solutions of the present disclosure, the waste of resource and signaling overhead will be reduced, and UE context may be retrieved. Furthermore, UE may receive SIB1 based on capability and indication of network device.
[0080] Reference is made to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, which illustrate signaling flows 400 and 400’ of handover in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flows 400 and 400’ will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and another network device 120’. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 refers to as UE, the network device 120 refers to as a source network device 120 or a source gNB, and the network device 120’ refers to as target network device 120’ or a target gNB. In some embodiments, the source network device 120 may be at a first NTN device and the target network device 120’ may be at a second NTN device.
[0081] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit (4005) one or more measurement reports to the source network device 120. For example, the one or more measurement reports may indicate measured reference signal received power (RSRP) of signals in a current cell 102 (i.e., the source cell 102) provided by the source network device 120.
[0082] The source network 120 determines (4020) that a terminal device 110 is to handover from the source network device 120 to the target network device 120’. For example, the source network device may determine that the terminal device 110 needs to be handed over to the target network device 120’ based on the one or more measurement reports from the terminal device 110 and / or measurements at the source network device 120. The source network device 120 may transmit (4025) a handover request to the target network device 120’ after determining (4020) the handover. Then the source network device 120 and the target network device 120’ obtain handover time information of the handover. In some embodiments, the source network device 120 may determine the handover time information and the target network device 120’ may obtain the handover time information from the source network device 120. Alternatively, the target network device 120’ may determine the handover time information and the source network device 120 may obtain the handover time information from the target network device 120’. Example embodiments of the obtaining the handover time information are described below.
[0083] As mentioned above, the handover time information may be determined by the source network device 120. As shown in FIG. 4A, in some embodiments, the source network device 120 determines (4040) the handover time information after the source network device 120 receives (4010) feedback of HARQ from the terminal device 110. In some other embodiments, the source network device 120 determines (4040) the handover time information after the source network device 120 receives (4030) an acknowledgement of the handover request from a target network device 120’. Alternatively, the source network device 120 determines (4040) the handover time information before transmitting (4025) the handover request to a target network device 120’.
[0084] The source network device 120 may transmit (4050) the handover time information to the target network device 120’. In some embodiments, the handover time information is transmitted to (4050) the target network device 120’ in one of: a handover request, or an Xn message. In some embodiments, the Xn message may be the current Xn message. In some other embodiments, the Xn message may be a new Xn message. For example, the handover time information may be in an information element (IE) in the Xn message.
[0085] As mentioned above, the handover time information may be determined by the target network device 120’. As shown in FIG. 4B, in some embodiments, the target network device 120’ determines (4045) the handover time information after the target network device 120’ receives (4025) the handover request from the source network device 120. Then the target network device 120’ transmits (4055) the handover information to the source network device 120. In some embodiments, the handover time information is transmitted to (4055) the source network device 120 in one of: a handover request acknowledge, or an Xn message. In some other embodiments, the Xn message may be a new Xn message. For example, the handover time information may be in an information element (IE) in the Xn message.
[0086] In some embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list. Table 3-1 shows an example of information element (IE) that indicates the time point of the handover time. Table 3-2 shows an example of IE that indicates the candidate handover time list. It is noted that Tables 3-1 and 3-2 are only examples not limitations.
[0087] Table 3-1. handover time transmitting between network device
[0088] Table 3-2 handover time transmitting between network device
[0089] In some embodiments, the source network device 120 transmits (4060) handover time information to the terminal device 110. In this case, the handover time information is transmitted in at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) . In this way, it can avoid wasting the resources. Further, the time when the UE is to handover to the target cell is clear to the UE and the source and target network devices. Table 4 shows an example of the handover time information configured by RRC reconfiguration message. As discussed above, the handover time information may be the time point of the handover or the candidate handover time list. Table 5 shows a field description of handover time.
[0090] Table 4
[0091] Table 5
[0092] In some embodiments, if the terminal device 110 receives a handover command rach-LessHO and the handover time is configured, the terminal device 110 starts to handover to target cell provided by the target network device 120’ at the indicated handover time, as shown in Table 6.
[0093] Table 6.
[0094] As shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the terminal device 110 initiates (4070) a handover from the source network device 120 to a target network device 120’ based on the handover time information. The terminal device 110 may perform the handover based on a reception of a handover command from the source network device 120. For example, if the handover time information includes a time point of handover time, the terminal device 110 may perform the handover at the time point of handover time. Alternatively, if the handover time information includes a candidate handover time list, the terminal device 110 may perform the handover at a candidate handover time from the candidate handover time list.
[0095] Reference is made to FIG. 5, which illustrates signaling flow 500 of receiving system information block (SIB) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 500 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the network device 120. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 refers to as UE, the network device 120 refers to as a network device.
[0096] As shown in FIG. 5, the network device 120 determines (5010) a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device 120. As shown in Table. 7, in some embodiments, if the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, the network device 120 scrambles the system information block with a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) dedicated to system information block with repetition. Then the terminal device 110 decodes (5060) the system information block based on the RNTI, and if the system information block is successfully decoded, the terminal device 110 determines (5040) that the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0097] Table 7. RNTI values
[0098] In Table. 7, FFFA can be used for SIB1 with repetition. If the terminal device 110 decodes (5060) SIB1 with FFFA, it can consider the network device 120 supports SIB1 repetition. If the terminal device 110 decodes (5060) SIB1 successfully with FFFF, it can consider the network device 120 do not support SIB1 repetition.
[0099] In some embodiments, if the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, the network device 120 transmits (5030) to the terminal device 110 master information block (MIB) including an indication that is used to indicate whether the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block. In other words, the terminal device 110 receives (5030) the MIB from the network device 120, and the indication in the MIB is used to indicate whether the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block. That is, the terminal device 110 may determine (5040) whether the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of SIB based on the information in the MIB. For example, Spare bit in MIB equals to 1 means that the network device 120 supports SIB1 repetition. Table 8 shows the exemplary code and Table 9 shows MIB field descriptions.
[0100] Table 8
[0101] Table 9. MIB field description
[0102] In some embodiments, if the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, the network device 120 transmits (5050) the system information block based on a synchronization raster that is used to indicate system information block with repetition.
[0103] As shown in FIG. 5, the terminal device 110 determines (5040; 5040’) whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block. For example, the terminal device 110 decodes (5020) the system information block based on the RNTI, and if the system information block is successfully decoded, the terminal device 110 determines (5040’) that the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block. As another example, the terminal device 110 may determine (5040) whether the network device 120 has the capability of supporting the repetition of SIB based on the information in the MIB. In some other embodiments, the terminal device 110 may detect the SIB based on the synchronization raster.
[0104] Then the terminal device 110 receives (5050) the system information block based on the determining. In other words, the network device 120 transmits (5050) the system information block to a terminal device 110 based on the capability. In this way, the terminal device is aware of the repetition of SIB and can receive the SIB based on the capability of the network device.
[0105] Reference is made to FIG. 6, which illustrates signaling flow 600 of transmitting context of user equipment (UE) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 600 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the network device 120, and another network device 120’. In some embodiments, the network device 120 refers to as a source network device 120, and the other network device 120’ refers to as a target network device 120’.
[0106] As shown in FIG. 6, a source network device 120 determines (6010) that a terminal device (for example, the terminal device 110) is to handover from the source network device 120 to a target network device 120’. Then the source network device 120 transmits (6030) a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device to the target network device 120’. In this way, it can reduce signaling overhead.
[0107] In some embodiments, one or more context configurations of terminal device can be stored in network device. If it is determined (6020) to perform a resynchronization procedure, the source network device 120 transmit (6030) the index of the context of the terminal device to the target network device 120’.
[0108] In some embodiments, the source network device 120 and the target network device 120’ receive one or more context configurations from an operation administration maintenance (OAM) . In some other embodiments, the core network device may generate the one or more context configurations and may transmit the one or more context configurations to the source network device 120 and the target network device 120’ via the current NG interface or a new NG interface. In some embodiments, the source network device 120 and the target network device 120’ determine the context of the terminal device from the one or more context configurations based on the index. For each terminal device context configuration, one configuration index can be included, i.e. one configuration index can be used for indicating one terminal device context configuration.
[0109] In some embodiments, the Xn exchange message for transmitting the index of the context configuration may use the current Xn signaling, such as HANDOVER REQUEST. In some other embodiments, a new Xn message is introduced, and the new Xn message is class 1 message, i.e. when the source network device 120 sends the resync request to the target network device 120’ , the resync request acknowledge can be sent to the source network device 120. Alternatively, if the target network device 120’ receives the resync request, UE context information may be achieved based on the configuration index.
[0110] In some embodiments, context of terminal device can be divided into two parts: common or reference configuration information and dedicated or delta configuration information. For example, common configuration may be an access stratum (AS) configuration and dedicated configuration may include AS context.
[0111] In some embodiments, the source network device’ only transmits (6030) dedicated or delta information to the target network device 120’. In some embodiments, the target network device 120’ obtains a common configuration of the context of the terminal device from an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) . In this case, common or reference configuration information may be defined by OAM, and all network devices may achieve the common configuration information. Then the target network device 120’ determines the context of the terminal device that comprises the dedicated configuration and the common configuration.
[0112] Reference is made to FIG. 7, which illustrates signaling flow 700 of retrieving context of UE in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 700 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the network device 120, the core network device 130, and another network device 120’. In some embodiments, the network device 120 refers to as a first network device 120, and the other network device 120’ refers to as a second network device 120’.
[0113] Upon receiving RRC resume / reestablishment request, if context of the terminal device cannot be retrieved due to there is no ISL, the first network device 110 will send retrieve request of context of the terminal device to the core network or 5GC. Then the CN or 5GC retrieves context of the terminal device from the second network device 120’.
[0114] As shown in FIG. 7, the first network device 120 transmits (7010) a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device to a core network device 130. Then the core network device 130 transmits (7020) the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device to a second network device 120’. In this case, the second network device 120’ is a last serving network device of the terminal device. The core network device 130 then receives (7030) a response comprising the context of the terminal device from the second network device 120’. Then the core network device 130 transmits (7040) the response comprising the context of the terminal device to the first network device 120. In this way, the UE context can be retrieved in a more efficient way.
[0115] In some embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of RRC resume. For example, the identity of the context of the terminal device may include I-RNTI (resume) or C-RNTI (reestablishment) .
[0116] In some embodiments, the response comprises at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device. For example, the information of the context of the terminal device may be RRC context.
[0117] It is noted the embodiments described with reference to FIG. 4A to FIG. 7 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, one or more embodiments described from one figure can be combined with one or more embodiments from one or more other figures.
[0118] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 800 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of a terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0119] At block 810, the terminal device 110 receives handover time information from a source network.
[0120] At block 820, the terminal device 110 initiates a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information.
[0121] In some example embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list.
[0122] In some example embodiments, the handover time information is received from the source network device in least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) .
[0123] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 900 implemented at a source network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 900 may be implemented at the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0124] At block 910, the source network device determines that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device.
[0125] At block 920, the source network device obtains handover time information of the handover.
[0126] In some embodiments, at block 930, the source network device transmits the handover time information to a terminal device.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the method 900 comprises receiving, from a terminal device, a feedback of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ; determine the handover time information after the reception of the feedback of HARQ.
[0128] In some example embodiments, the method 900 comprises determining the handover time information after receiving an acknowledgement of a handover request from a target network device.
[0129] In some example embodiments, the method 900 comprises determining the handover time information before transmitting a handover request to a target network device.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the method 900 comprises transmitting, to the target network device, the handover time information.
[0131] In some example embodiments, the method 900 comprises receiving, from the target network device, the handover time information.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a point of the handover time, or a candidate handover time list.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the handover time is transmitted to the terminal device in at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) .
[0134] In some example embodiments, the handover time is transmitted to the target network device in one of: a handover request, or another Xn message.
[0135] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1000 implemented at a target network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 1000 may be implemented at network device 120’ in FIG. 1.
[0136] At block 1010, the target network device obtains handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device.
[0137] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 comprises determining the handover time information after receiving a handover request from the source network device.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 comprises receiving, from the source network device, the handover time information.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 comprises transmitting, to the source network device, the handover time information.
[0140] In some example embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the handover time is transmitted to the source network device in one of: a handover request acknowledge, or another Xn message.
[0142] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1100 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1100 will be described from the perspective of a terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0143] At block 1110, the terminal device 110 determines whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block.
[0144] At block 1120, the terminal device 110 receives the system information block based on the determining.
[0145] In some example embodiments, the RNTI is dedicated to system information block with repetition.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 comprises decoding the system information block based on the RNTI; and in response to the system information block is successfully decoded, determining that the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0147] In some example embodiments, he method 1100 comprises receiving the MIB from the network device, wherein the indication in the MIB is used to indicate whether the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the synchronization raster is used to indicate system information block with repetition.
[0149] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1200 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1200 will be described from the perspective of a network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0150] At block 1210, the network device 120 determines a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device.
[0151] At block 1220, the network device 120 transmits a system information block to a terminal device based on the capability.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 comprises in response to the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, scrambling the system information block with a radio network temporary identity dedicated to system information block with repetition.
[0153] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 comprises in response to the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, transmitting to the terminal device master information block comprising an indication that is used to indicate whether the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0154] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 comprises in response to the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, transmitting the system information block based on a synchronization raster that is used to indicate system information block with repetition.
[0155] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1300 implemented at a source network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 1300 may be implemented at a network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0156] At block 1310, the source network device determines that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device.
[0157] At block 1320, the source network device transmtis a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device to a target network device.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 comprises in response to determining to perform a resynchronization procedure, transmitting the index of the context of the terminal device to the target network device.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 comprises receiving one or more context configurations from an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) or a core network; determining the context of the terminal device from the one or more context configurations; and transmitting the index of the context of the terminal device to the target network device.
[0160] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1400 implemented at a target network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 1400 may be implemented at the network device 120’ in FIG. 1.
[0161] At block 1410, the target network device receives a dedicated configuration of a context of a terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device from a source network device. In this case, the terminal device is to handover from the source network device to the target network device.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the method 1400 comprises obtaining, from an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) , a common configuration of the context of the terminal device and determining the context of the terminal device that comprises the dedicated configuration and the common configuration.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the method 1400 comprises obtaining, from OAM or a core network device, one or more context configurations; and determining the context of the terminal device from the one or more context configurations based on the index.
[0164] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1500 implemented at a first network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1500 will be described from the perspective of a network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0165] At block 1510, the network device 120 transmits a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device to a core network device.
[0166] At block 1520, the network device 120 receives a response comprising the context of the terminal device from the core network device.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of a resume of radio resource control (RRC) .
[0168] In some example embodiments, the response comprises at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device.
[0169] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1600 implemented at a second network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1600 will be described from the perspective of a network device 120’ in FIG. 1.
[0170] At block 1610, the network device 120’ receives a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device from a core network device. In this case, the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device.
[0171] At block 1620, the network device 120’ transmits a response comprising the context of the terminal device to the core network device.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of a resume of RRC.
[0173] In some example embodiments, the response comprises at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device.
[0174] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1700 implemented at a core network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1700 will be described from the perspective of a core network device 130 in FIG. 1.
[0175] At block 1710, the core network device 130 receives a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device from a first network device.
[0176] At block 1720, the core network device 130 transmits the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device to a second network device. In this case, the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device.
[0177] At block 1730, the core network device 130 receives a response comprising the context of the terminal device from the second network device.
[0178] At block 1740, the core network device 13 transmits the response comprising the context of the terminal device to the first network device.
[0179] In some example embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of RRC resume.
[0180] In some example embodiments, the response at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device.
[0181] FIG. 18 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1800 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1800 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 1800 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0182] As shown, the device 1800 includes a processor 1810, a memory 1820 coupled to the processor 1810, a suitable transceiver 1840 coupled to the processor 1810, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1840. The memory 1820 stores at least a part of a program 1830. The transceiver 1840 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1840 may include at least one of a transmitter 1842 and a receiver 1844. The transmitter 1842 and the receiver 1844 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1840 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0183] The program 1830 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1810, enable the device 1800 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1810 of the device 1800, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1810 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1810 and memory 1820 may form processing means 1850 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0184] The memory 1820 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1820 is shown in the device 1800, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1800. The processor 1810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1800 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0185] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a source network, handover time information; and initiate a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0186] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a source network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and obtain handover time information of the handover. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the source network device as discussed above.
[0187] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a target network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: obtain handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the target network device as discussed above.
[0188] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: determine whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block; and receive the system information block based on the determining. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0189] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: determine a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device; and transmit a system information block to a terminal device based on the capability. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0190] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a source network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and transmit, to a target network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the source network device as discussed above.
[0191] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a target network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a source network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of a terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device, wherein the terminal device is to handover from the source network device to the target network device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the target network device as discussed above.
[0192] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; and receive, from the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first network device as discussed above.
[0193] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; and transmit, to the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the second network device as discussed above.
[0194] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a core network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a first network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; transmit, to a second network device, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; receive, from the second network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device; and transmit, to the first network device, the response comprising the context of the terminal device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the core network device as discussed above.
[0195] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0196] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device is provided. The terminal device comprises means for receiving, from a source network, handover time information; and means for initiating a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information. In some embodiments, the terminal device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 800. In some example embodiments, the terminal device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0197] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a source network device is provided. The source network device comprises means for determining that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and means for obtaining handover time information of the handover. In some embodiments, the source network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 900. In some example embodiments, the source network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0198] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a target network device is provided. The target network device comprises means for obtaining handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device. In some embodiments, the target network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1000. In some example embodiments, the target network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0199] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device is provided. The terminal device comprises means for determining whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block; and means for receiving the system information block based on the determining. In some embodiments, the terminal device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1100. In some example embodiments, the terminal device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1100. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0200] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device is provided. The network device comprises means for determining a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device; and means for transmitting a system information block to a terminal device based on the capability. In some embodiments, the network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1200. In some example embodiments, the network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1200. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0201] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a source network device is provided. The source network device comprises means for determining that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and means for transmitting, to a target network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the source network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1300. In some example embodiments, the source network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1300. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0202] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a target network device is provided. The target network device comprises means for receiving, from a source network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of a terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device, wherein the terminal device is to handover from the source network device to the target network device. In some embodiments, the target network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. In some example embodiments, the target network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0203] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device is provided. The first network device comprises means for transmitting, to a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; and means for receiving, from the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the first network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1500. In some example embodiments, the first network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0204] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network device is provided. The second network device comprises means for receiving, from a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; and means for transmitting, to the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the second network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1600. In some example embodiments, the second network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0205] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a core network device is provided. The core network device comprises means for receiving, from a first network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; means for transmitting, to a second network device, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; means for receiving, from the second network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device; and means for transmitting, to the first network device, the response comprising the context of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the core network device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1700. In some example embodiments, the core network device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0206] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0207] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a source network, handover time information; and initiate a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information.
[0208] In some embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list.
[0209] In some embodiments, the handover time information is received from the source network device in least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) .
[0210] In an aspect, it is proposed a source network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the source network device to: determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and obtain handover time information of the handover.
[0211] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: receive, from a terminal device, a feedback of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ; determine the handover time information after the reception of the feedback of HARQ.
[0212] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: determine the handover time information after receiving an acknowledgement of a handover request from a target network device.
[0213] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: determine the handover time information before transmitting a handover request to a target network device.
[0214] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: transmit, to the terminal device, the handover time information.
[0215] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: receive, from the target network device, the handover time information; or transmit, to the target network device, the handover time information.
[0216] In some embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a point of the handover time, or a candidate handover time list.
[0217] In some embodiments, the handover time is transmitted to the terminal device in at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) .
[0218] In some embodiments, the handover time is transmitted to the target network device in one of: a handover request, or another Xn message.
[0219] In an aspect, it is proposed a target network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the target network device to: obtain handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device.
[0220] In some embodiments, the target network device is caused to: determine the handover time information after receiving a handover request from the source network device.
[0221] In some embodiments, the target network device is caused to: receive, from the source network device, the handover time information.
[0222] In some embodiments, the target network device is caused to: transmit, to the source network device, the handover time information.
[0223] In some embodiments, the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list.
[0224] In some embodiments, the handover time is transmitted to the source network device in one of: a handover request acknowledge, or another Xn message.
[0225] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the terminal device to: determine whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block; and receive the system information block based on the determining.
[0226] In some embodiments, the RNTI is dedicated to system information block with repetition.
[0227] In some embodiments, the terminal device is caused to: decode the system information block based on the RNTI; and in response to the system information block is successfully decoded, determine that the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0228] In some embodiments, the terminal device is caused to: receive the MIB from the network device, wherein the indication in the MIB is used to indicate whether the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0229] In some embodiments, the synchronization raster is used to indicate system information block with repetition.
[0230] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the network device to: determine a capability of supporting repetition of system information block of the network device; and transmit a system information block to a terminal device based on the capability.
[0231] In some embodiments, the network device is caused to: in response to the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, scramble the system information block with a radio network temporary identity dedicated to system information block with repetition.
[0232] In some embodiments, the network device is caused to: in response to the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, transmit to the terminal device master information block comprising an indication that is used to indicate whether the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block.
[0233] In some embodiments, the network device is caused to: in response to the network device has the capability of supporting the repetition of system information block, transmit the system information block based on a synchronization raster that is used to indicate system information block with repetition.
[0234] In an aspect, it is proposed a source network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the source network device to: determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; and transmit, to a target network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of the terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device.
[0235] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: in response to determining to perform a resynchronization procedure, transmit the index of the context of the terminal device to the target network device.
[0236] In some embodiments, the source network device is caused to: receive one or more context configurations from an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) or a core network; determine the context of the terminal device from the one or more context configurations; and transmit the index of the context of the terminal device to the target network device.
[0237] In an aspect, it is proposed a target network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the target network device to: receive, from a source network device, a dedicated configuration of a context of a terminal device or an index of the context of the terminal device, wherein the terminal device is to handover from the source network device to the target network device.
[0238] In some embodiments, the target network device is caused to: obtain, from an operation administration and maintenance (OAM) , a common configuration of the context of the terminal device and determine the context of the terminal device that comprises the dedicated configuration and the common configuration.
[0239] In some embodiments, the target network device is caused to: obtain, from OAM or a core network device, one or more context configurations; and determine the context of the terminal device from the one or more context configurations based on the index.
[0240] In an aspect, it is proposed a first network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; and receive, from the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0241] In some embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of a resume of radio resource control (RRC) .
[0242] In some embodiments, the response comprises at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device.
[0243] In an aspect, it is proposed a second network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the second network device to: receive, from a core network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; and transmit, to the core network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0244] In some embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of a resume of RRC.
[0245] In some embodiments, the response comprises at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device.
[0246] In an aspect, it is proposed a core network device, comprising: a processor, configured to cause the core network device to: receive, from a first network device, a request to retrieve a context of a terminal device; transmit, to a second network device, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device, wherein the second network device is a last serving network device of the terminal device; receive, from the second network device, a response comprising the context of the terminal device; and transmit, to the first network device, the response comprising the context of the terminal device.
[0247] In some embodiments, the request to retrieve the context of the terminal device comprises at least one of: an identity of the context of the terminal device, an integrity protection, or an initiation of RRC resume.
[0248] In some embodiments, the response at least one of: a capability of security of the terminal device, information of security of application server, or information of the context of the terminal device.
[0249] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0250] In an aspect, a source network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the source network device discussed above.
[0251] In an aspect, a target network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the target network device discussed above.
[0252] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0253] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0254] In an aspect, a source network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the source network device discussed above.
[0255] In an aspect, a target network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the target network device discussed above.
[0256] In an aspect, a first network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.
[0257] In an aspect, a second network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.
[0258] In an aspect, a core network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the core network device discussed above.
[0259] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0260] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the source network device discussed above.
[0261] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the target network device discussed above.
[0262] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0263] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0264] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the source network device discussed above.
[0265] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the target network device discussed above.
[0266] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.
[0267] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.
[0268] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the core network device discussed above.
[0269] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0270] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the source network device discussed above.
[0271] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the target network device discussed above.
[0272] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0273] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0274] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the source network device discussed above.
[0275] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the target network device discussed above.
[0276] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.
[0277] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.
[0278] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the core network device discussed above.
[0279] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0280] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0281] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0282] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0283] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0284] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device, comprising:a processor, configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a source network, handover time information; andinitiate a handover from the source network device to a target network device based on the handover time information.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list.3.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the handover time information is received from the source network device in least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) .4.A source network device, comprising:a processor, configured to cause the source network device to:determine that a terminal device is to handover from the source network device to a target network device; andobtain handover time information of the handover.5.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the source network device is caused to:receive, from a terminal device, a feedback of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ; anddetermine the handover time information after the reception of the feedback of HARQ.6.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the source network device is caused to:determine the handover time information after receiving an acknowledgement of a handover request from a target network device.7.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the source network device is caused to:determine the handover time information before transmitting a handover request to a target network device.8.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the source network device is caused to:transmit the handover time information to a terminal device.9.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the source network device is caused to:receive, from the target network device, the handover time information; ortransmit, to the target network device, the handover time information.10.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the handover time information comprises at least one of: a point of the handover time, or a candidate handover time list.11.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the handover time is transmitted to the terminal device in at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) message, medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or downlink control information (DCI) .12.The source network device of claim 4, wherein the handover time is transmitted to the target network device in one of: a handover request, or another Xn message.13.A target network device, comprising:a processor, configured to cause the target network device to:obtain handover time information of a handover of a terminal device from a source network device to the target network device.14.The target network device of claim 13, wherein the target network device is caused to:determine the handover time information after receiving a handover request from the source network device.15.The target network device of claim 13, wherein the target network device is caused to:receive, from the source network device, the handover time information.16.The target network device of claim 13, wherein the target network device is caused to:transmit, to the source network device, the handover time information.17.The target network device of claim 13, wherein the handover time information comprises at least one of: a time point of handover time, or a candidate handover time list.18.The target network device of claim 13, wherein the handover time is transmitted to the source network device in one of: a handover request acknowledge, or another Xn message.19.A terminal device, comprising:a processor, configured to cause the terminal device to:determine whether a network device has a capability of supporting repetition of system information block based on at least one of: a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) , an indication in master information block (MIB) , or a synchronization raster for the system information block; andreceive the system information block based on the determining.20.The terminal device of claim 19, wherein the RNTI is dedicated to system information block with repetition.
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