Camera lens, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

A camera lens (10), a camera module (20), and an electronic device (30). The camera lens (10) comprises a first lens group (11), a prism group (12), and a zoom lens group (13), wherein the zoom lens group (13) is located between a first prism (121) and a second prism (122), and comprises a second lens group (131) and a third lens group (132) that have different focal lengths; each of the second lens group (131) and the third lens group (132) can move relative to the prism group (12) in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis thereof, so as to move one lens group into an optical path formed by the first lens group (11) and the prism group (12) and move the other lens group out of the optical path; when the second lens group (131) is located in the optical path, the camera lens (10) has a first focal length; when the third lens group (132) is located in the optical path, the camera lens (10) has a second focal length; and light undergoes at least two reflections in the first prism (121) and at least two reflections in the second prism (122). The camera lens (10) can switch between focal lengths, and the size of the camera lens (10) is reduced by means of multiple reflections. Both the miniaturization and dual telephoto functionality of the camera lens (10) are achieved.

Description

Lens, camera module and electronic device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410845835.0, filed on June 26, 2024, and entitled "Lens, camera module and electronic device", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of terminal, and in particular to a lens, a camera module and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of technology, in order to meet the shooting needs of users, electronic devices such as mobile phones begin to add long-focus lenses. The long-focus lens has a long focal length, so it can zoom in on distant scenes and enlarge details, making it suitable for use in scenarios such as concerts and sports fields. Mobile phones usually use a double periscope long-focus architecture, that is, two long-focus periscope lenses with different focal lengths are set up, so as to realize double long-focus to meet the various shooting needs of users. However, this architecture has high cost and requires a large installation space, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0004] One prior art improves this by adding a cut-in lens group to the periscope lens. The cut-in lens group can cut in or out of the light path, allowing a lens to have multiple focal lengths, thereby reducing the number of camera modules and saving installation space. However, due to the focal length of the lens, the total length of the lens is still large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0005] As can be seen, in the prior art, it is difficult for a lens to achieve double long-focus while being miniaturized, which affects the user's experience. SUMMARY

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a lens, a camera module and an electronic device, which solve the problem that in the prior art, a lens is difficult to achieve double long-focus while being miniaturized, affecting the user's experience.

[0007] A first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a lens, comprising a first lens group, a prism group and a zoom lens group, the prism group comprising a first prism and a second prism arranged at intervals.

[0008] The first lens group and the first prism are arranged in sequence in a first direction, and the first lens group is arranged to be movable relative to the first prism along the first direction. The first direction is parallel to the optical axis direction of the first lens group.

[0009] The zoom lens group is located between the first prism and the second prism, and includes a second lens group and a third lens group with different focal lengths and parallel optical axes, and each of the second lens group and the third lens group can be moved relative to the prism group in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis thereof to selectively move one of the second lens group and the third lens group onto the optical path formed by the first lens group and the prism group, and the other onto the outside of the optical path. When the second lens group is on the optical path, the lens has a first focal length, and when the third lens group is on the optical path, the lens has a second focal length, and the first focal length is smaller than the second focal length.

[0010] The external light passes through the first lens group, is incident on the first prism, undergoes at least two reflections in the first prism, is incident on the second lens group or the third lens group on the optical path, and is then incident on the second prism, and undergoes at least two reflections in the second prism and is then emitted.

[0011] The lens provided by the present application includes a first lens group, a prism group having a first prism and a second prism, and a zoom lens group having a second lens group and a third lens group. Each of the second lens group and the third lens group can be moved relative to the prism group. When the second lens group is moved onto the optical path formed by the first lens group and the prism group, the third lens group is located outside the optical path, at which time the lens has a first focal length. Alternatively, the third lens group is located on the optical path and the second lens group is located outside the optical path, at which time the lens has a second focal length. Thus, the lens can switch focal lengths, thereby meeting the diverse shooting needs of users. The first lens group can be moved relative to the first prism in a first direction, so that the lens can be focused, ensuring that the lens can clearly image different object distances at the first focal length and the second focal length.

[0012] Further, the first focal length and the second focal length can both be designed as long focal lengths, so that the lens is set as a double long focus lens. The first prism and the second prism are spaced apart, and the light undergoes at least two reflections in the first prism and the second prism, respectively. It can be understood that the longer the focal length, the longer the propagation path of the light in the lens. Compared with the scheme in which the light undergoes only one reflection in the prism, the light undergoes multiple reflections in each prism of the prism group in the present application, thereby improving the space utilization of the prism group, so that the required spacing distance between the first prism and the second prism is reduced under the condition that the propagation path length of the light is constant (i.e., the focal length is constant). It can also be understood that the space folding rate of the optical path in the lens is improved, thereby improving the integration of the lens. Thus, the size of the lens can be reduced, and the lens can be more flexibly installed in electronic devices, which is conducive to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0013] Therefore, the lens provided by the present application can realize double long focus while being miniaturized, thereby improving the user experience and being suitable for electronic devices with small installation space.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the second lens group and the third lens group are arranged in the lens group switching direction, and the second lens group and the third lens group are both movable relative to the prism group in the lens group switching direction, which is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second lens group and the optical axis direction of the third lens group. When the second lens group and the third lens group are both outside the optical path, the second lens group and the third lens group are located on opposite sides of the optical path in the lens group switching direction. The second lens group and the third lens group can be synchronously moved in the lens group switching direction to switch, without interfering with each other during the switching, and the internal structure of the lens is simple.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the lens group switching direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the focal length of the second lens group is smaller than the focal length of the third lens group. The focal length of the second lens group and the focal length of the third lens group are both negative, and the focal length of the second lens group is smaller, so that the first focal length of the lens is smaller than the second focal length.

[0017] In a possible implementation, when the second lens group is located on the optical path, the first lens group can be moved to the first position to focus the lens, and when the third lens group is located on the optical path, the first lens group can be moved to the second position to focus the lens, the second position being located on the side of the first position away from the first prism in the first direction. The lens is switched from the first focal length to the second focal length, and correspondingly, the first lens group also needs to be moved to cooperate with the zoom lens group to achieve focusing.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the relationship among the focal length of the second lens group, the focal length of the third lens group, the first focal length, and the second focal length satisfies:

[0019] 0.5≤|EFFL2 / EFFL3|÷(EFFL01 / EFFL02)≤2, and |EFFL2 / EFFL3|>1. Wherein, EFFL2 is the focal length of the second lens group, EFFL3 is the focal length of the third lens group, EFFL01 is the first focal length, and EFFL02 is the second focal length.

[0020] By using the above scheme, on the one hand, the lens is switched from the second focal length to the first focal length, and a certain zoom ratio can be achieved. The zoom ratio can be understood as the ratio of the maximum focal length to the minimum focal length of the lens, and the larger the zoom ratio, the more application scenarios the lens is suitable for. On the other hand, to ensure that the lens aberration is not too large at each focal length, the zoom ratio needs to be not too large, and the lens aberration is less than a threshold at the first focal length and the second focal length, and the imaging quality is high.

[0021] In a possible implementation, a ratio of a central length of the second lens group along an optical axis direction of the second lens group to the first focal length is less than or equal to 0.2, and a ratio of a central length of the third lens group along an optical axis direction of the third lens group to the first focal length is less than or equal to 0.2. The central length can be understood as a distance between a midpoint of each surface of two surfaces of the second lens group or the third lens group that are farthest away from each other along the optical axis direction of the second lens group or the third lens group. The greater the central length, the thicker the size of the second lens group or the third lens group in the optical axis direction, and the greater the size (for example, the size in the first direction and the second direction) occupied by the second lens group or the third lens group. Therefore, the smaller the central length, the more conducive to the miniaturization of the lens. At the same time, in order to meet the design freedom of the lens aberration and have enough surface combination designs to improve the imaging quality, each lens group of the second lens group and the third lens group respectively includes a plurality of lenses, and therefore the central length cannot be too small.

[0022] In a possible implementation, a ratio of a maximum optical size of the second lens group in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second lens group to the half image height of the lens is less than or equal to 0.7, and a ratio of a maximum optical size of the third lens group in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the third lens group to the half image height of the lens is less than or equal to 0.7. The maximum optical size can be understood as a maximum diameter of a light-transmitting part of the second lens group or the third lens group in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second lens group or the third lens group. The maximum optical size cannot be too large to ensure the miniaturization of the lens, and cannot be too small to ensure that enough light can be transmitted.

[0023] In a possible implementation, each of the first lens group, the second lens group, and the third lens group includes at least one lens.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the at least one lens of the second lens group is a plurality of lenses arranged in sequence along an optical axis direction of the second lens group, and the at least one lens of the third lens group is a plurality of lenses arranged in sequence along an optical axis direction of the third lens group. The second lens group and the third lens group respectively include a plurality of lenses to meet the design freedom of the lens.

[0025] In a possible implementation, one side surface of at least one lens in the light path is set as a diffractive optical element surface, and the light path passes through the diffractive optical element surface. A step height of the diffractive optical element surface is less than or equal to 50 microns, and a narrowest ring width is less than or equal to 50 microns. A chromatic dispersion characteristic of the diffractive optical element surface is different from a chromatic dispersion characteristic of a non-diffractive optical element surface, and the light passes through both the diffractive optical element surface and the non-diffractive optical element surface, which is conducive to correcting chromatic aberration and improving the imaging quality.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the first lens group is capable of converging light rays, when the first lens group comprises at least one lens, the first lens group is convex away from the surface of the first prism in the first direction, and the relationship between the focal length of the first lens group and the first focal length and the second focal length satisfies: 0.5≤EFFL1 / EFFL01≤2, 0.3≤EFFL1 / EFFL02≤1.5, where EFFL1 is the focal length of the first lens group. With the first lens group in this structure, it is beneficial to converge light rays, ensure that the beam size entering the prism group and the zoom lens group is small, thereby reducing the size of the lens. The focal length of the first lens group and the first focal length and the second focal length satisfy a certain proportional relationship, which ensures the imaging quality.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the relationship between the first focal length and the second focal length and the maximum distance that the first lens group can move in the first direction satisfies: 0.2≤L / |EFFL02-EFFL01|≤5, where L is the maximum distance that the first lens group can move in the first direction. The maximum movement distance of the first lens group cannot be too large or too small, thereby ensuring that the lens is not too large, and ensuring the movement accuracy of the first lens group.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the lens further comprises a fourth lens group, the optical axis direction of the fourth lens group is parallel to the first direction, the fourth lens group is arranged on the side of the first prism facing the first lens group in the first direction, and the fourth lens group is capable of moving relative to the first prism in a direction perpendicular to the first direction to be selectively moved into or out of the optical path.

[0029] When the fourth lens group is located in the optical path, the fourth lens group is located between the first lens group and the first prism in the first direction.

[0030] When the lens has the fourth lens group, the fourth lens group can be cut into the optical path to cooperate with the second lens group or the third lens group, so that the lens has more focal lengths and better meets the needs of users, especially when the fourth lens group further cooperates with the third lens group, long focal length can be further achieved.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the first prism has a first light entrance surface, a first reflection surface, and a first light exit surface, the first light entrance surface is perpendicular to the first direction, the first reflection surface is located on the side of the first light entrance surface away from the first lens group in the first direction, the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than 45 degrees, the light rays passing through the first lens group enter the first prism from the first light entrance surface, are reflected once at the first reflection surface to the first light entrance surface, are reflected once at the first light entrance surface to exit from the first light exit surface and enter the zoom lens group;

[0032] The second prism has a second light entrance surface, a second reflecting surface and a second light exit surface, the second light exit surface is perpendicular to the first direction, the second reflecting surface is located on the side of the second light exit surface facing the first lens group along the first direction, the included angle between the second light exit surface and the second reflecting surface is equal to the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface, the light passing through the zoom lens group enters the second prism from the second light entrance surface, is reflected once at the second light exit surface and then is reflected once at the second reflecting surface, and is then emitted from the second light exit surface.

[0033] By using the above scheme, the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface is greater than 20 degrees and less than 45 degrees, so that the light entering the first prism from the first light entrance surface is reflected once at the first reflecting surface and once at the first light entrance surface, that is, twice in the first prism, and the same is true in the second prism, thereby improving the space utilization of the prism group and realizing the miniaturization of the lens.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the refractive index of the first prism is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ1), where θ1 is the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface. The refractive index of the second prism is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ2), where θ2 is the included angle between the second light exit surface and the second reflecting surface. In this way, it can be ensured that the reflection is total reflection.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first light exit surface is twice the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface. The included angles between the optical axis of the second lens group and the optical axis of the third lens group and the optical axis of the first lens group are both twice the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface.

[0036] By using the above scheme, it can be ensured that the lens is a coaxial system, the light can be emitted from the first light exit surface of the first prism, enter the second lens group or the third lens group, then enter the second prism and be emitted from the second light exit surface, and no off-axis chromatic aberration is generated.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the first prism further has a first surface, the first surface is arranged opposite to the first light exit surface and is connected to the edges of the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface away from the first light exit surface, and the first surface is arranged between the two side edges of the first lens group.

[0038] The second prism further has a second surface, the second surface is arranged opposite to the second light entrance surface and is connected to the edges of the second light exit surface and the second reflecting surface away from the second light entrance surface.

[0039] The first surface of the first prism is connected to the first light entrance surface and the first reflecting surface and is arranged opposite to the first light exit surface, that is, the first prism is designed with a cut angle to reduce its size, and the same is true for the second prism, which is also designed with a cut angle, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the lens.

[0040] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a camera module, comprising a photosensitive element, and further comprising a driving module and the lens provided by the first aspect of the above embodiments and any possible implementation manner.

[0041] The photosensitive element is arranged on a side of the second prism away from the first lens group along the first direction.

[0042] The driving module is configured to drive the first lens group to move relative to the first prism along the first direction, and to drive each of the second lens group and the third lens group to move relative to the prism group along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens group.

[0043] When the lens further comprises a fourth lens group, the driving module is capable of driving the fourth lens group to move relative to the first prism along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0044] The camera module provided by the present application has the photosensitive element arranged on a side of the second prism away from the first lens group along the first direction, which is used to receive the light emitted from the second prism. It can be understood that the second lens group and the third lens group share the same photosensitive element, which is beneficial to cost saving. The driving module drives each of the second lens group and the third lens group to move relative to the prism group along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the lens group, so as to cut into or cut out the optical path, so as to realize the switching of focal length and focusing. Therefore, the camera module can realize the switching of focal length, and the lens group used for focusing under different focal lengths is the first lens group, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the camera module and low cost.

[0045] In a possible implementation manner, the driving module comprises a first driving device and a second driving device, the first driving device is used to drive the first lens group to move along the first direction, and the second driving device is used to drive the second lens group and the third lens group to move along the lens group switching direction. The second lens group and the third lens group are driven by the second driving device to move along the lens group switching direction, so that the number of driving devices of the camera module is small, the required installation space is small, and the camera module has a simple structure and small volume. Further, the first driving device and the second driving device do not interfere with each other, so that the movements of the first lens group and the zoom lens group do not interfere with each other, which is beneficial to improving the movement precision of each lens group and thus improving the imaging quality.

[0046] In a possible implementation manner, when the lens comprises a fourth lens group, the driving module further comprises a third driving device, the third driving device is used to drive the fourth lens group to move along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The fourth lens group is driven by the third driving device to cut into or cut out the optical path, and the third driving device does not interfere with the first driving device and the second driving device, so that the movements among the first lens group, the zoom lens group and the fourth lens group do not interfere with each other, which ensures the imaging quality.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the first driving device is a first motor, and the first lens group is installed in the first motor. The second driving device is a second motor, and the second lens group and the third lens group are installed in the second motor. When the driving module further includes a third driving device, the third driving device is a third motor, and the fourth lens group is installed in the third motor. Using a motor as the driving device can achieve good control accuracy and is low in cost.

[0048] The third aspect of the embodiment of the application further provides an electronic device including a housing and the camera module provided by the second aspect of the embodiment and any possible implementation, and the camera module is installed in the housing. The camera module requires a small installation space, and therefore, the volume of the electronic device can be reduced, which is conducive to the thinning of the electronic device. In addition, the electronic device can achieve double long-focus shooting, and the user experience is improved.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a first lens;

[0051] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a second lens;

[0052] FIG. 3a is a structural schematic diagram of a front view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0053] FIG. 3b is a structural schematic diagram of a back view of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the application;

[0054] FIG. 3c is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the application;

[0055] FIG. 4 is a system architecture schematic diagram of a first implementation of a camera module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0056] FIG. 5a is a principle diagram of a first implementation of a lens according to an embodiment of the application, in which the second lens group is located on an optical path, and the view is a top view;

[0057] FIG. 5b is a structural schematic diagram of the first implementation of the lens according to the embodiment of the application, in which the second lens group is located on the optical path, and the view is a front view;

[0058] FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram of a light transmission path of the first implementation of the lens according to the embodiment of the application, in which the second lens group is located on the optical path;

[0059] FIG. 5d is a schematic diagram of a light transmission path through an optical axis of the first implementation of the lens according to the embodiment of the application, in which the second lens group is located on the optical path.

[0060] Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the optical path, and the viewing angle is the downward viewing angle;

[0061] Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the optical path, and the viewing angle is the forward viewing angle;

[0062] Fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of the light transmission path of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the optical path;

[0063] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group and the third lens group are both located outside the optical path;

[0064] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the surface of the diffractive optical element of the lens of the present application;

[0065] Fig. 9a is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application;

[0066] Fig. 9b is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the first motor in the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application;

[0067] Fig. 9c is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the second motor in the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application;

[0068] Fig. 10a is an MTF diagram of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the optical path;

[0069] Fig. 10b is an MTF diagram of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the optical path;

[0070] Fig. 11a is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located outside the optical path, and the viewing angle is the downward viewing angle;

[0071] Fig. 11b is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located inside the optical path, and the viewing angle is the downward viewing angle;

[0072] Fig. 11c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application;

[0073] Fig. 11d is a schematic diagram of the light transmission path of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located outside the optical path;

[0074] Fig. 11e is a schematic view of a ray path of a second embodiment of the lens according to the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located on the optical path;

[0075] Fig. 12a is a schematic view of a system architecture of a second embodiment of the camera module according to the present application;

[0076] Fig. 12b is a schematic view of an exemplary structure of the second embodiment of the camera module according to the present application;

[0077] Fig. 12c is a schematic view of a third motor in the camera module according to the present application;

[0078] Fig. 13a is a first MTF graph of the second embodiment of the lens according to the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the optical path, and the third lens group and the fourth lens group are located off the optical path;

[0079] Fig. 13b is a second MTF graph of the second embodiment of the lens according to the present application, in which the third lens group and the fourth lens group are located on the optical path.

[0080] Explanation of reference signs: First kind: 10', periscope lens; 11', front prism; 12', rear prism; 13', fixed lens group; 14', focusing lens group; 21', photosensitive element; F1', first direction; F2', second direction. Second kind: 30', lens; 31', cut-in lens group; 32', prism; 33', first lens group; F1'', first direction; F2'', second direction. The present application: 10, lens; 11, first lens group; O1, optical axis; 12, prism group; 121, first prism; 1211, first light-in surface; 1212, first reflection surface; 1213, first light-out surface; 1214, first surface; 122, second prism; 1221, second light-in surface; 1222, second reflection surface; 1223, second light-out surface; 1224, second surface; 13, zoom lens group; 131, second lens group; 1311, lens; O2, optical axis; 132, third lens group; 1321, lens; O3, optical axis; 14, fourth lens group; O4, optical axis; 15, diffractive optical element surface; 20, camera module; 21, photosensitive element; 22, driving module; 2201, first driving device; 2202, second driving device; 2203, third driving device; 221, first motor; 2210, first housing; 2211, first mounting seat; 2212, first coil; 2213, first magnetic assembly; 222, second motor; 2220, second housing; 2221, second mounting seat; 2222, second coil; 2223, second magnetic assembly; 223, third motor; 2230, third housing; 2231, third mounting seat; 2232, third coil; 2233, third magnetic assembly; 23, housing; 24, substrate; 30, electronic device; 31, screen; 32, housing; 321, back cover; 322, middle frame; 3221, bottom plate; 3222, outer frame; 33, circuit board; 41, first position; 42, second position; X, width direction of electronic device; Y, length direction of electronic device; Z, thickness direction of electronic device; F1, first direction; F2, second direction; F3, third direction; F4, fourth direction; θ1, included angle between first light-in surface and first reflection surface; θ2, included angle between second light-out surface and second reflection surface; θ3, included angle between first light-in surface and first light-out surface; θ4, included angle between optical axis of second lens group and optical axis of first lens group; EFFL01, first focal length; EFFL02, second focal length; EFFL1, focal length of first lens group; EFFL2, focal length of second lens group; EFFL3, focal length of third lens group; EFFL4, focal length of fourth lens group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The advantages and features of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art who can gain an understanding of the application by reading the description of the embodiments of the application and studying the accompanying drawings. The description of the application is presented below in order to provide a thorough understanding of the application. The application can be practiced without the specific details. Furthermore, well-known or widely practiced methods have been described without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the present application. In addition, some of the descriptions might have been omitted or simplified for the sake of clarity. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments of the application can be combined with each other unless otherwise indicated.

[0082] It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters in the accompanying drawings represent similar items, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0083] The following explains the terms that can appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0084] Effective focal length: For a thick lens (a lens whose thickness cannot be ignored), or an optical system composed of multiple lenses, the focal length is usually expressed as effective focal length (EFFL). The effective focal length is the distance from the front and rear principal planes to the corresponding focal points in air, and if it is not in air, the distance needs to be multiplied by the refractive index of the material.

[0085] Optical power: The reciprocal of the image-side focal length, which is a measure of the focusing power of a lens.

[0086] Aberration: In an optical system, the deviation of the actual imaging from the ideal imaging of Gaussian optics (paraxial rays) due to the difference between the results of tracing non-paraxial rays and the results of tracing paraxial rays. It is specifically divided into spherical aberration, coma, field curvature, astigmatism, distortion, etc. Aberration correction is to make the light spot as close to an ideal point as possible.

[0087] Image height: The height of the image of an object formed on the image plane by an optical system.

[0088] Coaxial optical system: A straight line is determined, and all surfaces with optical power have this straight line as the axis of symmetry. If the centers of curvature of all surfaces are located on this axis, the straight line is defined as the optical axis, and the optical system is defined as a coaxial optical system.

[0089] Aspherical lens: A lens whose refractive surface is a curved surface that is not spherical.

[0090] Abbe number: also known as "dispersion coefficient", used to measure the degree of light dispersion of a transparent medium (such as a lens), the larger the Abbe number, the lighter the dispersion of the medium.

[0091] F#: F number, which is used to represent the size of the lens light quantity, the larger the F number, the worse the brightness performance, and the smaller the aberration.

[0092] Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) diagram: used to quantitatively evaluate the performance of an optical system, especially the ability of a lens to show details. It describes the modulation function of an optical system at different spatial frequencies, where the unit of spatial frequency is "cycles per millimeter" (cycles / mm), which represents the number of cycles per millimeter of width. The curve of MTF shows the change of contrast at different spatial frequencies, that is, the ability of the optical system to maintain details. The higher the curve, the less distortion the lens transmits; the flatter the curve, the better the consistency of the edge and the middle; the closer the arc and the meridian, the smaller the astigmatism of the lens.

[0093] In the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0094] In the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0095] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that "electrical connection" in the present application can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through the entity line of the copper foil or wire of the printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals.

[0096] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the mutual perpendicularity in the present application is not absolute perpendicularity, and approximate perpendicularity (for example, the included angle between two structural features is 89.9°) caused by processing errors and assembly errors is also within the range of mutual perpendicularity in the present application. The mutual parallelism in the present application is also not absolute parallelism, and approximate parallelism (for example, the included angle between two structural features is 0.1°) caused by processing errors and assembly errors is also within the range of mutual parallelism in the present application. The present application does not specifically limit this.

[0097] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0098] With the development of technology, in order to meet the shooting needs of users, electronic devices such as mobile phones begin to add long-focus lenses. The long-focus lens refers to a lens with a long focal length, which can pull in and enlarge the details of a distant view, and is suitable for application in scenes such as concerts and sports fields.

[0099] Please refer to FIG. 1-FIG. 2, FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a first lens; and FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a second lens.

[0100] Due to the long focal length of the long-focus lens, the optical path (the optical path refers to the path length of light propagating from a light source to a target point) of light in the long-focus lens is large, and therefore the long-focus lens is usually set as a periscope lens. As shown in FIG. 1, the periscope lens 10' includes a front prism 11', a fixed lens group 13', a focusing lens group 14' and a rear prism 12' which are sequentially and spaced apart along a second direction F2'. A photosensitive element 21' is arranged along a first direction F1' with the rear prism 12', and the photosensitive element 21' is located on the side of the exit surface of the rear prism 12' along the first direction F1'. The focusing lens group 14' can move relative to the fixed lens group 13' along the second direction F2' to achieve focusing. It can be understood that external light is reflected after being incident on the front prism 11', propagates along the second direction F2', passes through the fixed lens group 13' and the focusing lens group 14', enters the rear prism 12', and is reflected by the rear prism 12' to exit to the photosensitive element 21'. The photosensitive element 21' can process the received light to form an image. In order to meet the various shooting needs of users, mobile phones usually adopt a double-periscope long-focus architecture, that is, two long-focus camera modules with different focal lengths are arranged, and each camera module includes a periscope lens 10' and a photosensitive element 21'. Therefore, the cost of this architecture is high, and a large installation space is required.

[0101] An improved solution is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the lens 30' includes a prism 32' and a first lens group 33' arranged in a second direction F2'', wherein the second direction F2'' is parallel to the optical axis direction of the first lens group 33'. The lens 30' further includes a cut-in lens group 31' capable of cutting into or out of the optical path formed by the prism 32' and the first lens group 33' along a first direction F1'', and the second direction F2'' is perpendicular to the first direction F1''. It can be understood that when the cut-in lens group 31' is located on the optical path, the lens 30' has a first focal length, and when the cut-in lens group 32' is cut out of the optical path, the lens 30' has a second focal length, and the first focal length is different from the second focal length, so that the dual long focus can be realized by only one lens 30', and the installation space is saved. However, due to the need for a larger first focal length and a second focal length to achieve dual long focus, the optical path of the light in the lens 30' is larger, that is, after the light is reflected by the prism 32', the path to be propagated is longer, and the size of the lens 30' in the second direction F2'' is still larger, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0102] It can be seen that in some solutions, it is difficult to realize miniaturization while realizing dual long focus, which affects the user's experience.

[0103] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a lens, which can switch the focal length of the lens by improving the structure of the lens, while ensuring the miniaturization of the lens, meeting the needs of users, and being applied to electronic devices with smaller installation space.

[0104] The embodiments of the present application also provide a camera module and an electronic device, and the camera module applies the lens provided by the present application. It should be noted that the electronic device is a type of electronic device configured with a camera module, including but not limited to a mobile phone, a display, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a smart wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, etc., and the following will be described by taking the electronic device as a mobile phone.

[0105] Please refer to FIGS. 3a-3c, FIG. 3a is a structural schematic diagram of the front view of the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present application; FIG. 3b is a structural schematic diagram of the back view of the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present application; and FIG. 3c is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] As shown in FIGS. 3a-3b, the electronic device 30 includes a housing 32, a screen 31, and a camera module 20. The screen 31 is fixedly installed on the housing 32, and the housing 32 is used to support the screen 31 and accommodate, install and protect various electronic elements inside the electronic device 30.

[0107] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the specific structure of the shell 32 is not limited. As shown in FIG. 3c, in one possible implementation, the shell 32 includes a middle frame 322 and a back cover 321, the middle frame 322 includes a bottom plate 3221 and an outer frame 3222 annularly arranged on and connected to the outer circumferential side of the bottom plate 3221. In the thickness direction Z of the electronic device, the screen 31 and the back cover 321 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the outer frame 3222, i.e., the screen 31 and the back cover 321 are respectively located on the two sides of the bottom plate 3221. An installation cavity is formed between the back cover 321 and the bottom plate 3221, for installing internal components such as the camera module 20, the circuit board 33, the speaker module, the chip, the battery, the antenna, and the like.

[0108] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the bottom plate 3221 is a support frame located inside the electronic device 30. The outer frame 3222 is a structure surrounding the outer periphery of the electronic device 30. As shown in FIG. 3a, in one possible implementation, the outer frame 3222 can surround four sides of the screen 31 to fix the screen 31. In some embodiments, the outer frame 3222 can be a metal frame made of a metal material such as copper, magnesium alloy, stainless steel, or the like. In other embodiments, the outer frame 3222 can also be a non-metal frame (i.e., an insulating frame), which includes a plastic frame, a glass frame, a ceramic frame, or the like, and can also be a structure combining a metal frame and a non-metal frame, which is not limited in the present application.

[0109] It should be noted that the bottom plate 3221 and the outer frame 3222 can be a split structure or an integral structure, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. When the bottom plate 3221 and the outer frame 3222 are a split structure, the bottom plate 3221 and the outer frame 3222 are two different components of the shell 32, which can be assembled together by clamping, buckling, or the like, and can be separated when disassembly is required. When the bottom plate 3221 and the outer frame 3222 are an integral structure, the connection relationship between the bottom plate 3221 and the outer frame 3222 cannot be separated, for example, the bottom plate 3221 and the outer frame 3222 are processed and manufactured by integral molding, or are assembled and manufactured by permanent connection such as welding, or the like.

[0110] The back cover 321 is a structure arranged opposite to the screen 31 on the electronic device 30, for enclosing components of the electronic device 30 inside the electronic device 30, and can also prevent dust, collision, and hardware scratches. The back cover 321 can be a back cover made of a metal material, or a back cover made of a non-conductive material such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or the like. In some embodiments, the electronic device 30 can also not include a separately arranged back cover, but the bottom plate 3221 of the middle frame 322 can be used as a back cover, which is not limited in the present application. The above is a detailed introduction to the shell 32 of the electronic device 30, and the following continues to describe other components.

[0111] The screen 31 is configured to display images, and the specific type of the screen 31 is not limited, and can be, but is not limited to, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (mini OLED) screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (micro OLED) screen, or a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) screen, and the like, and the present application is not limited thereto. A user can interact with the electronic device 30 through the screen 31, and control the camera module 20 to take pictures, and the like.

[0112] It should be noted that the position of the camera module 20 mounted in the electronic device 30 is not limited, and can be set according to requirements. For example, the camera module 20 can be mounted on the front, back, or side of the electronic device 30. Among them, the side where the screen 31 of the electronic device 30 is located is the front of the electronic device 30, the side where the back cover 321 of the electronic device 30 is located is the back of the electronic device 30, and the side connecting the front and back of the electronic device 30 is defined as the side of the electronic device 30, which can also be understood as the peripheral side. As shown in FIG. 3b, in one possible implementation, the camera module 20 is arranged on the back of the electronic device 30.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 3c, the electronic device 30 is internally provided with a circuit board 33 serving as a carrier for electrically connecting electronic components, which can be a main board of the electronic device 30 or a sub-board (for example, a sub-board of a foldable-screen mobile phone). In one possible implementation, the circuit board 33 is a main board of the electronic device 30. The size of the circuit board 33 and its mounting position in the electronic device 30 are not limited, as shown in FIG. 3c, in one possible implementation, the circuit board 33 is mounted in a mounting cavity between the back cover 321 and the bottom plate 3221. The circuit board 33 includes a plurality of functional modules (not shown in the figure) connected thereto to implement corresponding functions, such as a charging management module, a power management module, a wireless communication module, an audio module, etc., which are not limited in the present application. In one possible implementation, the electronic device 30 further includes a processor (not shown in the figure). It can be understood that the camera module 20 is in communication connection with the processor on the circuit board 33, and the processor is in communication connection with the screen 31, so that the user can operate the camera module 20 to take a picture by clicking the screen 31, and the image or video taken can be displayed through the screen 31.

[0114] The processor is responsible for executing instructions of an operating system and an application program, and can perform data processing and operation. The processor can include a plurality of processing units, such as an application processor (AP), a signal processing unit (modem), a modulation and demodulation processing unit, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processing unit (ISP), a control unit, a video coding unit, a digital signal processing unit (DSP), a baseband processing unit, a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc. Different processing units can be independent devices or integrated together, which are not limited in the present application. In one possible implementation, the processor can be a system on chip (SOC), which is an integrated circuit integrating a computing processor and other electronic systems into a single chip. In other alternative implementations, the processor can also adopt other types, which are not limited in the present application.

[0115] It should be noted that the above description of the electronic device 30 is only an example, and the electronic device 30 provided by the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the above structure. The electronic device 30 can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, which are not limited in the present application.

[0116] Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 4, the camera module 20 comprises a lens 10, a photosensitive element 21 and a driving module 22. The lens 10 can converge light onto the photosensitive element 21. The photosensitive element 21 can process the received light, convert it into an electrical signal and communicate with a processor (not shown in the figure) on a circuit board 33 (see FIG. 3c), so as to convert it into an image signal or a video signal and display it on a screen 31 (see FIG. 3a).

[0118] It should be noted that the type of the photosensitive element 21 is not limited, which can be a CCD (Charge-coupled Device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), and the present application does not limit this.

[0119] The driving module 22 can drive one or several lens groups in the lens 10 to move, so as to focus or zoom, improve the imaging quality, which will be described in detail below.

[0120] The structure of the lens 10 will be described first, and then the structure of the camera module 20 will be described further in combination with the structure of the lens 10.

[0121] Please refer to FIGS. 5a-7, FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the light path, and the angle of view is a downward view; FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the light path, and the angle of view is a front view; FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram of the light transmission path of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the light path; FIG. 5d is a schematic diagram of the light transmission path through the optical axis of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the light path. FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the light path, and the angle of view is a downward view; FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the light path, and the angle of view is a front view; FIG. 6c is a schematic diagram of the light transmission path of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the light path. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group and the third lens group are both located outside the light path.

[0122] For the convenience of illustrating the corresponding relationship of the perspectives of the various figures and the relative position relationship of the various components, the first direction F1, the second direction F2, and the third direction F3 are defined in the embodiments of the present application, and the first direction F1, the second direction F2, and the third direction F3 are perpendicular to each other in pairs. As shown in FIG. 5b, the first direction F1 can be understood as a direction parallel to the optical axis O1 of the first lens group 11.

[0123] It should be noted that the corresponding relationship between the first direction F1, the second direction F2, and the third direction F3 and the directions in the electronic device 30 shown in FIGS. 3a-3c is not limited. In one possible implementation, as shown in FIGS. 3a-3c and FIGS. 5a-5b, the first direction F1 is parallel to the thickness direction Z of the electronic device, the second direction F2 is parallel to the length direction Y of the electronic device, and the third direction F3 is parallel to the width direction X of the electronic device. In other alternative implementations, the second direction F2 and the third direction F3 can also be any direction perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the electronic device and perpendicular to each other, and the present application does not limit this.

[0124] It should be noted that in FIGS. 5a, 6a, and 7, the positional relationship between the first prism 121, the second prism 122, and the zoom lens group 13 is only schematic, and in actual scenarios, the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 can partially overlap in the left-right direction (i.e., the second direction F2) in the overhead perspective, and the zoom lens group 13 can partially overlap with the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 in the left-right direction (i.e., the second direction F2), respectively.

[0125] As shown in FIGS. 4-5b, the lens 10 includes a first lens group 11, a prism group 12, and a zoom lens group 13, wherein the prism group 12 includes a first prism 121 and a second prism 122 arranged at intervals.

[0126] The first lens group 11 and the first prism 121 are sequentially arranged in the first direction F1, and the first lens group 11 can move relative to the first prism 121 along the first direction F1 (parallel to the direction of the optical axis O1 of the first lens group 11).

[0127] The zoom lens group 13 is located between the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 (it can be understood that the zoom lens group 13 is located between the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 along the optical axis direction of the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132), and includes a second lens group 131 and a third lens group 132 with different focal lengths and parallel optical axes (see FIG. 5b, the optical axis of the second lens group 131 is optical axis O2, see FIG. 6b, the optical axis of the third lens group 132 is optical axis O3), and each of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can be moved relative to the prism group 12 in a direction perpendicular to its optical axis, to selectively move one of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 onto the optical path formed by the first lens group 11 and the prism group 12, and the other onto the outside of the optical path. The focal lengths of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are different, that is, the converging or diverging ability of light of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 is different, as shown in FIGS. 5a-5b, when the second lens group 131 is located on the optical path (at this time, the second lens group 131 is located between the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 along its optical axis O2 direction), the lens 10 has a first focal length EFFL01, as shown in FIGS. 6a-6b, when the third lens group 132 is located on the optical path (at this time, the third lens group 132 is located between the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 along its optical axis O3 direction), the lens 10 has a second focal length EFFL02, the first focal length EFFL01 is less than the second focal length EFFL02. It should be noted that the focal length mentioned in the present application refers to the effective focal length.

[0128] As shown in FIGS. 5c-5d, 6c, where the external light passes through the first lens group 11 and is incident on the first prism 121, at least two reflections occur in the first prism 121, and then the light passes through the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 located on the optical path and is incident on the second prism 122, and at least two reflections occur in the second prism 122 and then the light is emitted. Or it can be understood that when the second lens group 131 is on the optical path and the third lens group 132 is outside the optical path, the external light passes through the first lens group 11 and is incident on the first prism 121, at least two reflections occur in the first prism 121, and then the light passes through the second lens group 131 and is incident on the second prism 122, and at least two reflections occur in the second prism 122 and then the light is emitted. When the third lens group 132 is on the optical path and the second lens group 131 is outside the optical path, the external light passes through the first lens group 11 and is incident on the first prism 121, at least two reflections occur in the first prism 121, and then the light passes through the third lens group 132 and is incident on the second prism 122, and at least two reflections occur in the second prism 122 and then the light is emitted.

[0129] It is understood by those skilled in the art that the light rays incident to the first prism 121 can be reflected twice or more than twice in the first prism 121 before exiting, and the light rays incident to the second prism 122 can be reflected twice or more than twice in the second prism 122 before exiting. Please refer to FIGS. 5c-5d, 6c, in an example, the light rays incident to the first prism 121 are reflected twice in the first prism 121 before exiting, and the light rays incident to the second prism 122 are reflected twice in the second prism 122 before exiting.

[0130] It is understood by those skilled in the art that the relative position relationship of the zoom lens group 13, the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 is not limited, as long as the light ray transmission path described above can be met.

[0131] As shown in FIG. 5b, in a possible implementation, in the second direction F2, the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 partially overlap, and the zoom lens group 13 (the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132) partially overlaps with the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 respectively, or it can be understood that the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 partially overlap in the orthographic projection of the first direction F1 to the first plane (i.e. the plane where the second direction F2 and the third direction F3 are located), and the zoom lens group 13 (the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132) partially overlaps with the first prism 121 in the orthographic projection of the first direction F1 to the first plane, and the zoom lens group 13 (the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132) partially overlaps with the second prism 122 in the orthographic projection of the first direction F1 to the first plane.

[0132] In other possible implementations, in the second direction F2, the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 can be completely staggered, and the zoom lens group 13 (the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132) partially overlaps with the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 respectively or is completely staggered, which is not limited by the present application.

[0133] Further, as shown in FIG. 5b, in a possible implementation, in the first direction F1, the zoom lens group 13 (the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132), the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 at least partially overlap, or it can be understood that the first prism 121, the second prism 122 and the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 located on the optical path at least partially overlap in the orthographic projection of the second direction F2 to the second plane (i.e. the plane where the first direction F1 and the third direction F3 are located).

[0134] In other possible implementations, in the first direction F1, the zoom lens group 13 (the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132), the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 can also be staggered, and the application does not limit this.

[0135] It should be noted that each of the first lens group 11, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 includes at least one lens, and the number of lenses in each lens group is not limited, which can be 1, 3, 5, etc., and the types of lenses are not limited, which can be double-convex positive lenses, double-concave negative lenses, meniscus positive lenses, etc. The application does not limit this. The number and types of lenses included in each lens group will be specifically illustrated in the following examples.

[0136] The lens 10 provided by the application includes the first lens group 11, the prism group 12 with the first prism 121 and the second prism 122, and the zoom lens group 13 with the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132. Among them, each of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can move relative to the prism group 12. When the second lens group 131 moves to the optical path formed by the first lens group 11 and the prism group 12, the third lens group 132 is located outside the optical path, at this time, the lens 10 has a first focal length EFFL01. Or, when the third lens group 132 moves to the optical path, the second lens group 131 is located outside the optical path, at this time, the lens 10 has a second focal length EFFL02. Therefore, the lens 10 can realize the switching of the focal length, and meet the diversified shooting needs of users. The first lens group 11 can move relative to the first prism 121 along the first direction F1, so that the lens 10 can be focused, and ensure that the lens 10 can clearly image different object distances at the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02.

[0137] Further, the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 can both be designed as long focal lengths, so that the lens 10 is configured as a double long-focus lens. The first prism 121 and the second prism 122 are spaced apart, and the light rays are reflected at least twice in the first prism 121 and the second prism 122, respectively. It can be understood that the longer the focal length, the longer the propagation path of the light in the lens 10. Compared with the scheme in which the light rays are reflected only once in the prisms, the light rays in the present application are reflected multiple times in the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 of the prism group 12, respectively, which improves the space utilization of the prism group 12, thereby reducing the required spacing distance between the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 under the condition that the propagation path length of the light rays is constant (i.e., the focal length is constant). It can also be understood that the space folding rate of the optical path in the lens 10 is improved, thereby improving the integration of the lens 10. Therefore, the size of the lens 10 can be reduced, and the lens 10 can be more flexibly installed in the electronic device 30, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the electronic device 30.

[0138] Therefore, the lens 10 provided in the present application can realize miniaturization while realizing double long-focus, improve the user experience, and be suitable for electronic devices 30 with small installation space.

[0139] As shown in FIGS. 5a and 6a, in a possible implementation, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are spaced apart in a lens group switching direction (in an example, the lens group switching direction is the third direction F3), and the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can move relative to the prism group 12 along the lens group switching direction, which is perpendicular to the optical axis O2 direction of the second lens group 131 and the optical axis O3 direction of the third lens group 132. It should be noted that in other possible implementations, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can also move relative to the prism group 12 along different directions, for example, one of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 moves along the third direction F3, and the other moves along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis O2 direction of the second lens group 131 and the optical axis O3 direction of the third lens group 132, and the direction is not parallel to the third direction F3.

[0140] As shown in FIG. 7, when the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are both outside the optical path, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are located on opposite sides of the optical path in the lens group switching direction (for example, the third direction F3).

[0141] As shown in FIG. 5a, FIG. 6a, and FIG. 7, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can be moved synchronously in the third direction F3 for switching, and in one possible implementation, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are relatively fixed, and are moved synchronously in the third direction F3 for switching. Therefore, the movement path of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 is simple, and the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 do not interfere with each other during movement, the position accuracy can be ensured, and the internal structure of the lens 10 is simple. In other possible implementations, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can be moved asynchronously, and are moved in the third direction F3 for switching, respectively, in sequence, or the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can be moved synchronously, but are not relatively fixed, that is, the interval between the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 in the third direction F3 changes, and the present application does not limit this.

[0142] In one possible implementation, the lens group switching direction (for example, the third direction F3) is perpendicular to the first direction F1 and the second direction F2. The third direction F3 is set to be perpendicular to the second direction F2, so that the switching process of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 does not increase the space required for the lens 10 in the second direction F2. Further, as shown in FIG. 5b, FIG. 6b, and FIG. 7, the size of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 in the third direction F3 is small, and the projection of the zoom lens group 13 on the photosensitive element 21 during movement does not exceed the boundary of the photosensitive element 21, so that the third direction F3 is perpendicular to the first direction F1 and the second direction F2, which does not increase the installation space required for the lens 10 in the electronic device 30, and is beneficial to better balance the overall size of the lens 10.

[0143] As shown in FIG. 6b, in combination with FIG. 5b, in one possible implementation, when the second lens group 131 moves to the optical path, the first lens group 11 can be moved to the first position 41 so that the lens 10 focuses, and when the third lens group 132 moves to the optical path, the first lens group 11 can be moved to the second position 42 so that the lens 10 focuses, and the second position 42 is located on the side of the first position 41 away from the first prism 121 in the first direction F1. The lens 10 is switched from the first focal length EFFL01 to the second focal length EFFL02, and correspondingly, the first lens group 11 also moves in the first direction F1 to cooperate with the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 to achieve focusing. Focusing can be understood as changing the image distance by moving the first lens group 11 while keeping the focal length of the lens 10 unchanged, that is, keeping the first focal length EFFL01 or the second focal length EFFL02, so that the image is clear.

[0144] In one embodiment, the focal length of the second lens group 131 is EFFL2, the focal length of the third lens group 132 is EFFL3, the focal length EFFL2 of the second lens group 131 is less than the focal length EFFL3 of the third lens group 132. The focal length EFFL2 of the second lens group 131 and the focal length EFFL3 of the third lens group 132 are both negative, and the focal length EFFL2 of the second lens group 131 is smaller, so that the first focal length EFFL01 of the lens 10 is less than the second focal length EFFL02. It should be noted that the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 are both positive. In other possible implementations, the focal length EFFL2 of the second lens group 131 and the focal length EFFL3 of the third lens group 132 can also have other size relationships, so that the first focal length EFFL01 of the lens 10 is less than the second focal length EFFL02, which is not limited in the present application.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the relationship between the focal length EFFL2 of the second lens group 131, the focal length EFFL3 of the third lens group 132, the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 satisfies:

[0146] 0.5≤|EFFL2 / EFFL3|÷(EFFL01 / EFFL02)≤2, and |EFFL2 / EFFL3|>1.

[0147] Those skilled in the art can understand that, on the one hand, the lens 10 needs to be able to achieve a certain zoom ratio when switching from the second focal length EFFL02 to the first focal length EFFL01. The zoom ratio can be understood as the ratio of the maximum focal length (the second focal length EFFL02) and the minimum focal length (the first focal length EFFL01) of the lens 10. The larger the zoom ratio, the closer the distant object can be brought to the camera, and the more application scenarios the lens 10 can be applied to. On the other hand, in order to ensure the imaging quality, aberration correction needs to be performed, that is, the on-axis aberration and off-axis aberration of the lens 10 are corrected to make the on-axis aberration and off-axis aberration as consistent as possible. It can also be understood as making the results obtained by the near-axis light tracing and the results obtained by the non-near-axis light as consistent as possible, and making the light spot close to an ideal point. However, at different focal lengths, the relationship between the on-axis aberration and the off-axis aberration is different, that is, when the difference between the on-axis aberration and the off-axis aberration is adjusted to 0 at one focal length (for example, at the first focal length EFFL01), after switching to another focal length (for example, at the second focal length EFFL02), the difference between the on-axis aberration and the off-axis aberration is not 0. If the zoom ratio is too large, it is not possible to ensure that the difference between the on-axis aberration and the off-axis aberration at the two focal lengths is less than a threshold value, and the imaging quality is poor.

[0148] Therefore, the ratio relationship between the focal length EFFL2 of the second lens group 131, the focal length EFFL3 of the third lens group 132, the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 is satisfied, so that the zoom ratio is not too large while achieving a certain zoom ratio, the aberration under each focal length is guaranteed, and the imaging quality is high.

[0149] It should be noted that in other possible implementations, as long as the imaging quality is guaranteed, |EFFL2 / EFFL3| ÷ (EFFL01 / EFFL02) can be less than 0.5, for example, 0.49, 0.495, etc., or greater than 2, for example, 2.03, 2.06, etc., and |EFFL2 / EFFL3| can also be less than 1 or equal to 1, which is not limited in the present application.

[0150] As shown in FIGS. 5b and 6b, in one possible implementation, the ratio of the central length L1 of the second lens group 131 along the optical axis O2 direction to the first focal length EFFL01 is less than or equal to 0.2, and the ratio of the central length L2 of the third lens group 132 along the optical axis O3 direction to the first focal length EFFL01 is less than or equal to 0.2. The central length can be understood as the distance between the midpoints of each surface of the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 along the optical axis direction away from each other. In combination with FIGS. 5a and 6a, the greater the central length, the thicker the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 in the optical axis direction, and the greater the size occupied (e.g., the size in the first direction F1 and the second direction F2). Therefore, the smaller the central length of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132, the more conducive to the miniaturization of the lens 10.

[0151] As shown in FIGS. 5b and 6b, in one possible implementation, in order to meet the design freedom of the aberration of the lens 10, that is, there are enough lens surface combinations to improve the imaging quality, in one possible implementation, the second lens group 131 includes a plurality of lenses 1311 arranged in order along the optical axis O2 direction, and the third lens group 132 includes a plurality of lenses 1321 arranged in order along the optical axis O3 direction, for example, 2, 4, 5, etc., so that the central length of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 cannot be too small. Meeting the design freedom of the aberration of the lens 10 can also be understood as needing enough variables (i.e., light passing through enough lens surfaces) to find the best solution in order to correct the aberration.

[0152] In other possible implementations, the ratio of the central length L1 of the second lens group 131 along the direction of its optical axis O2 or the central length L2 of the third lens group 132 along the direction of its optical axis O3 to the first focal length EFFL01 can also be greater than 0.2, for example, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0153] As shown in FIG. 5b and FIG. 6b, in one possible implementation, the ratio of the maximum optical size of the second lens group 131 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis O2 to the half image height of the lens 10 is less than or equal to 0.7, for example, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, etc., which is not limited in the present application. The ratio of the maximum optical size of the third lens group 132 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis O3 to the half image height of the lens 10 is less than or equal to 0.7, for example, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, etc., which is not limited in the present application. The half image height is half of the image height, and the maximum optical size can be understood as the maximum diameter of the part capable of transmitting light of the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis. The maximum optical size cannot be too large to ensure the miniaturization of the lens 10, but also cannot be too small to ensure that enough light can be transmitted. In an alternative implementation, the ratio of the maximum optical size of the second lens group 131 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis O2 to the half image height of the lens 10 is less than or equal to 1, and the ratio of the maximum optical size of the third lens group 132 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis O3 to the half image height of the lens 10 is less than or equal to 1.

[0154] It should be noted that in other possible implementations, the ratio of the maximum optical size of the second lens group 131 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis O2 to the half image height of the lens 10 and the ratio of the maximum optical size of the third lens group 132 in the plane perpendicular to the direction of its optical axis O3 to the half image height of the lens 10 can also be greater than 0.7, for example, 0.701, 0.703, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 6b, in one possible implementation, some surfaces of the lenses on the optical path are set as diffractive optical element surfaces 15, and the other surfaces are non-diffractive optical element surfaces, and the optical path passes through the diffractive optical element surfaces 15 and the non-diffractive optical element surfaces.

[0156] Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of the diffractive optical element surface of the lens of the embodiment of the present application.

[0157] As shown in FIG. 8, the diffractive optical element surface 15 can be understood as follows: by etching a stepped annular structure on the feature surface of the lens (the feature surface can be understood as the surface of the lens arranged on the opposite sides along the optical axis direction, i.e. the surface through which the light path passes), the feature surface becomes the diffractive optical element surface 15, the chromatic dispersion characteristics of the diffractive optical element surface 15 are different from those of the non-diffractive optical element surface, and when the light propagates in the lens 10, it passes through both the diffractive optical element surface 15 and the non-diffractive optical element surface, which is beneficial to correcting chromatic aberration and improving imaging quality.

[0158] The specific structure of the diffractive optical element surface 15 is not limited. In combination with FIG. 8, in one possible implementation, the step height of the diffractive optical element surface 15 is less than or equal to 50 microns, and the width of the narrowest annular band is less than or equal to 50 microns. The number of diffractive optical element surfaces 15 is not limited, which can be 1, 2, 3, etc., which is not limited by the present application.

[0159] It should be noted that the lens group in which the diffractive optical element surface 15 is arranged is not limited. As shown in FIG. 6b, in one possible implementation, the diffractive optical element surface 15 is arranged on the lens of the first lens group 11, and the light can pass through the diffractive optical element surface 15 regardless of whether the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 is on the light path. In an alternative implementation, at least one side surface of the lens in each of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 is arranged as a diffractive optical element surface 15.

[0160] As shown in FIGS. 5b-5c and 6c, in one possible implementation, the first lens group 11 can converge light, and the surface of the first lens group 11 farthest from the first prism 121 in the first direction F1 is convex. It can be understood that the first lens group 11 has positive focal power, which is beneficial to converging light and ensuring that the beam size entering the prism group 12 and the zoom lens group 13 is small, thereby reducing the volume of the lens 10. Furthermore, the relationship between the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11 and the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 satisfies:

[0161] 0.5≤EFFL1 / EFFL01≤2, 0.3≤EFFL1 / EFFL02≤1.5.

[0162] Further, in one possible implementation, the relationship between the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 and the maximum distance L that the first lens group 11 can move in the first direction F1 satisfies:

[0163] 0.2≤L / |EFFL02-EFFL01|≤5, where L is the maximum distance that the first lens group 11 can move in the first direction F1.

[0164] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the ratio of the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11 to the first focal length EFFL01 and the ratio of the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11 to the second focal length EFFL02 cannot be too small, otherwise it is impossible to ensure that the aberration of the lens 10 is small, at the same time, the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11 cannot be too large, the larger the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11, the larger the stroke (i.e. the maximum distance L that can be moved in the first direction F1) to be moved when focusing, and the larger the size of the lens 10. Therefore, the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11 is controlled within a certain range, which not only ensures the imaging quality, but also makes the size of the lens 10 not too large, and ensures the movement accuracy of the first lens group 11.

[0165] It should be noted that the relationship between the focal length EFFL1 of the first lens group 11 and the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 is not limited to satisfying the above relationship, for example, EFFL1 / EFFL01 can be less than 0.5, or greater than 2, EFFL1 / EFFL02 can be less than 0.3, or greater than 1.5. The maximum distance that the first lens group 11 can move in the first direction F1 and the first focal length EFFL01 and the second focal length EFFL02 are also not limited to satisfying the above relationship, for example, L / |EFFL02-EFFL01| can be less than 0.2, or greater than 5, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0166] The skilled in the art can understand that the specific structure of the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 is not limited. As shown in FIG. 5b, in one possible implementation, the first prism 121 has a first light entry surface 1211, a first reflection surface 1212, and a first light exit surface 1213. The first light entry surface 1211 is perpendicular to the first direction F1, and the first reflection surface 1212 is located on the side of the first light entry surface 1211 away from the first lens group 11 along the first direction F1. The included angle θ1 between the first light entry surface 1211 and the first reflection surface 1212 is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than 45 degrees, and the specific angle of θ1 is not limited, for example, it can be 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 40 degrees, etc. Moreover, the refractive index of the first prism 121 is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ1). The skilled in the art can understand that θ1 is less than 45 degrees, so that the light can be reflected by the first reflection surface 1212 to the first light entry surface 1211, further, θ1 is greater than or equal to 20 degrees, and the refractive index of the first prism 121 is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ1), so that the light can be totally reflected on the first light entry surface 1211. Therefore, the light passing through the first lens group 11 enters the first prism 121 from the first light entry surface 1211, is reflected once at the first reflection surface 1212, and then is reflected again at the first light entry surface 1211, and then is emitted from the first light exit surface 1213 and enters the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132.

[0167] As shown in FIG. 5b, in one possible implementation, the second prism 122 has a second light entry surface 1221, a second reflection surface 1222, and a second light exit surface 1223. The second light exit surface 1223 is perpendicular to the first direction F1, and the second reflection surface 1222 is located on the side of the second light exit surface 1223 toward the first lens group 11 along the first direction F1. It should be noted that the included angle θ2 between the second light exit surface 1223 and the second reflection surface 1222 is equal to the included angle θ1 between the first light entry surface 1211 and the first reflection surface 1212, and the refractive index of the second prism 122 is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ2), so that the light passing through the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132 enters the second prism 122 from the second light entry surface 1221, is reflected once at the second light exit surface 1223, and then is reflected again at the second reflection surface 1222, and then is emitted from the second light exit surface 1223.

[0168] In combination with FIGS. 5c-5d and FIG. 6c, the first prism 121 and the second prism 122 can be understood as two non-45-degree prisms arranged at intervals. After the light ray enters the first prism 121 from the first light-incident surface 1211 of the first prism 121, the light ray is first incident on the first reflection surface 1212, is reflected by the first reflection surface 1212 to the first light-incident surface 1211, and then is reflected once again to be emitted from the first light-emitting surface 1213. That is, the light ray is reflected twice in the first prism 121. Similarly, in the second prism 122, the light ray is reflected once on the second light-emitting surface 1223 and the second reflection surface 1222, respectively. Such a design causes the light ray to be reflected multiple times. Compared with the periscopic lens 10' in which the light ray is reflected only once in each prism in FIG. 1 and the lens 30' in which the light ray is reflected only once in the prism 32' in FIG. 2, the spatial utilization rate of the prism group 12 in the lens 10 is higher. In the case of a certain focal length, that is, a certain total optical path, the size of the lens 10 can be smaller. In the case of a certain size, the focal length of the lens 10 can be longer.

[0169] As shown in FIG. 5b, in a possible implementation, the first light-emitting surface 1213 is a plane, and the second light-incident surface 1221 is a plane. The first light-emitting surface 1213 and the second light-incident surface 1221 are both perpendicular to the optical axis O2 of the second lens group 131 and the optical axis O3 of the third lens group 132. The included angle θ3 between the first light-incident surface 1211 and the first light-emitting surface 1213 is twice the included angle θ1 between the first light-incident surface 1211 and the first reflection surface 1212. As shown in FIG. 5d, the included angle θ4 between the optical axis O2 of the second lens group 131 and the optical axis O1 of the first lens group 11 is twice the included angle θ1 between the first light-incident surface 1211 and the first reflection surface 1212. Correspondingly, the included angle between the optical axis O3 of the third lens group 132 and the optical axis O1 of the first lens group 11 is twice the included angle θ1 between the first light-incident surface 1211 and the first reflection surface 1212. With such a structure, it is ensured that the lens 10 is a coaxial system. The coaxial system can be understood in combination with the definition and FIG. 5d. That is, in the lens 10, the optical axis O1 of the first lens group 11 and the optical axis O2 of the second lens group 131 (or the optical axis O3 of the third lens group 132 when the third lens group 132 is on the optical path) are both coincident with the system optical axis of the lens 10. The light ray incident on the first lens group 11 along the optical axis O1 propagates along the optical axis O2 in the second lens group 131, which can ensure that the light ray does not produce off-axis chromatic aberration.

[0170] It should be noted that, in other alternative implementations, the first light-emitting surface 1213 can be a curved surface, and the second light-incident surface 1221 can also be a curved surface, which is not limited in the present application.

[0171] As shown in FIG. 5b, in a possible implementation, the first prism 121 further has a first surface 1214, which is arranged opposite to the first light-out surface 1213 (in one example, the first surface 1214 is arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the first light-out surface 1213 along the second direction F2) and is connected to the edge of the first light-in surface 1211 and the first reflecting surface 1212 away from the first light-out surface 1213, and the first surface 1214 is arranged between the two side edges of the first lens group 11 (in one example, the first surface 1214 is arranged between the two side edges of the first lens group 11 along the second direction F2). The second prism 122 further has a second surface 1224, which is arranged opposite to the second light-in surface 1221 (in one example, the second surface 1224 is arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the second light-in surface 1221 along the second direction F2) and is connected to the edge of the second light-out surface 1223 and the second reflecting surface 1222 away from the second light-in surface 1221.

[0172] The first surface 1214 of the first prism 121 is connected to the first light-in surface 1211 and the first reflecting surface 1212 and is arranged opposite to the first light-out surface 1213, that is, the first prism 121 is designed with a cut corner to reduce the size (for example, the size along the first direction F1 and the second direction F2) thereof. Similarly, the second prism 122 is also designed with a cut corner, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the lens 10.

[0173] It should be noted that, in other possible implementations, the first prism 121 can also not have the first surface 1214, or it can be understood that the first light-in surface 1211 and the first reflecting surface 1212 of the first prism 121 are directly connected; the second prism 122 can also not have the second surface 1224, or it can be understood that the second light-out surface 1223 and the second reflecting surface 1222 of the second prism 122 are directly connected, which is not limited in the present application.

[0174] The above mainly describes various possible implementations of the lens structure in detail in combination with the drawings, and the cooperation of the lens 10 of the camera module 20 with the photosensitive element 21 and the driving module 22 will be described in detail in combination with the drawings.

[0175] Please refer to FIG. 4 again, in a possible implementation, the photosensitive element 21 is arranged on the side of the second prism 122 away from the first lens group 11 along the first direction F1, and the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can share the same photosensitive element 21, which is beneficial to cost saving.

[0176] As shown in FIG. 4, and understood in conjunction with FIGS. 5a-5b and 6a-6b, in one possible implementation, the driving module 22 is capable of driving the first lens group 11 to move relative to the first prism 121 along the first direction F1, and is capable of driving each of the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 to move relative to the prism group 12 along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens group, to achieve switching of focal length and focusing. Thus, the camera module 20 is capable of achieving switching of focal length, while the lens group used for focusing at different focal lengths is the first lens group 11, which is conducive to miniaturization of the camera module 20 and lower cost.

[0177] It should be noted that in some possible implementations, the camera module 20 can further include other components, which are not limited by the present application. For example, the camera module 20 can further include a filter, which can be disposed between the photosensitive element 21 and the second light exit face 1223 of the second prism 122, to filter out unwanted light. Alternatively, the camera module 20 can further include a flash, to enhance the shooting performance of the camera module 20 in a relatively dark environment.

[0178] The specific structure of the driving module 22 is not limited, as shown in FIG. 4, and understood in conjunction with FIGS. 5a-5b and 6a-6b, in one possible implementation, the driving module 22 includes a first driving device 2201 and a second driving device 2202, the first driving device 2201 is configured to drive the first lens group 11 to move along the first direction F1, and the second driving device 2202 is configured to drive the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 to move along the third direction F3 (i.e., the lens group switching direction). The second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are driven by the same driving device (the second driving device 2202) to move along the third direction F3 (i.e., the lens group switching direction), so that the camera module 20 has fewer driving devices, requires less installation space, and has a simple structure and small size. Further, the first driving device 2201 and the second driving device 2202 do not interfere with each other, so that the movement of the first lens group 11 and the zoom lens group 13 does not interfere with each other, which is conducive to improving the movement precision of each lens group, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0179] It should be noted that the specific structure of the first driving device 2201 and the second driving device 2202 is not limited. As shown in FIG. 4, in one possible implementation, the first driving device 2201 is a first motor 221, and the first lens group 11 is installed in the first motor 221. The second driving device 2202 is a second motor 222, and the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are installed in the second motor 222. Using a motor as the driving device can achieve good control accuracy and low cost. In other alternative implementations, the first driving device 2201 and the second driving device 2202 can also be electrostatic brakes, and the present application does not limit this.

[0180] It should be noted that the structure of the first motor 221 and the second motor 222 is not limited. The following describes an exemplary structure of the first motor 221, the second motor 222, and the lens 10 in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0181] Please refer to FIGS. 9a-9c, FIG. 9a is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary structure of the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application; FIG. 9b is a schematic structural diagram of the principle structure of the first motor in the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application; and FIG. 9c is a schematic structural diagram of the principle structure of the second motor in the first embodiment of the camera module of the present application. It should be noted that the fourth direction F4 in FIG. 9c is perpendicular to the third direction F3, and is perpendicular to the optical axis O2 direction of the second lens group 131 and the optical axis O3 direction of the third lens group 132.

[0182] As shown in FIGS. 9a-9b, in one possible implementation, the camera module 20 further includes a housing 23 and a substrate 24, and the housing 23 is used to install the lens 10. Among them, the prism group 12 is fixed relative to the housing 23. The housing 23 of the camera module 20 is installed on the shell 32 of the electronic device 30 through the substrate 24. The type of the substrate 24 is not limited, for example, it can be a PCB board. The photosensitive element 21 is installed on the substrate 24 and is in communication connection with the processor on the circuit board 33 through the substrate 24.

[0183] As shown in FIGS. 9a-9b, in one possible implementation, the first motor 221 includes a first housing 2210, a first mount 2211, a first coil 2212, and a first magnetic assembly 2213. The first lens group 11 is fixedly installed on the first mount 2211, and the first mount 2211 is slidingly connected in the first direction F1 within the first housing 2210. The sliding connection between the first mount 2211 and the first housing 2210 is not limited, and in one possible implementation, the first mount 2211 is slidingly connected to the first housing 2210 through a slide rail. The sliding connection between the second mount and the second housing and the sliding connection between the third mount and the third housing mentioned below can also be achieved by using a slide rail structure. It should be noted that the first housing 2210 is fixed relative to the outer shell 23, and the first housing 2210 and the outer shell 23 can be integrated or separated, which is not limited in the present application.

[0184] As shown in FIG. 9b, in one possible implementation, the first magnetic assembly 2213 is fixedly installed on the first mount 2211. The first coil 2212 is fixedly arranged on the first housing 2210 at a position corresponding to the first magnetic assembly 2213, and the first coil 2212 and the first magnetic assembly 2213 are spaced apart in the third direction F3. When current flows through the first coil 2212, the first coil 2212 generates magnetism, and when the direction of the current changes, the polarity of the magnetism generated by the first coil 2212 reverses. Those skilled in the art can understand that the interaction (attractive force and repulsive force) between the first coil 2212 generating magnetism and the first magnetic assembly 2213 generates a force that moves the first mount 2211 in the first direction F1. It can be understood that the size of the driving force can be adjusted according to the size of the current in the first coil 2212, thereby adjusting the movement distance of the first mount 2211. The direction of movement of the first mount 2211 can be controlled by controlling the direction of the current in the first coil 2212. It should be noted that the specific structure of the first magnetic assembly 2213 is not limited, and in one example, the first magnetic assembly 2213 includes two first magnetic pieces arranged in the first direction F1 in sequence, each first magnetic piece has opposite magnetic poles on both sides in the thickness direction thereof, and the polarities of the two first magnetic pieces on the side facing the first coil 2212 are opposite.

[0185] As shown in FIGS. 9a and 9c, in a possible implementation, the second motor 222 includes a second housing 2220, a second mount 2221, a second coil 2222, and a second magnetic assembly 2223. The second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are fixedly installed on the second mount 2221, and the second mount 2221 is slidingly connected in the third direction F3 in the second housing 2220. It should be noted that the second housing 2220 is fixed relative to the outer shell 23, and the second housing 2220 and the outer shell 23 can be in an integrated structure or a split structure, which is not limited in the present application.

[0186] As shown in FIGS. 9a and 9c, in a possible implementation, the second magnetic assembly 2223 is fixedly installed on the second mount 2221. The second coil 2222 is fixedly arranged on the second housing 2220 at a position corresponding to the second magnetic assembly 2223, and the second coil 2222 and the second magnetic assembly 2223 are spaced apart. It can be understood that the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 share one second motor 222. The working principle of the first motor 221 is the same, and the second coil 2222 can generate magnetism and interact with the second magnetic assembly 2223 to drive the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 to move together in the third direction F3. It should be noted that the specific structure of the second magnetic assembly 2223 is not limited, and in one example, the second magnetic assembly 2223 includes two second magnetic pieces fixedly installed on the second mount 2221 and arranged in the third direction F3 in sequence, the magnetic poles on both sides of each second magnetic piece in the thickness direction thereof are opposite, and the polarities of the two second magnetic pieces on the side facing the second coil 2222 are opposite.

[0187] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, in another possible implementation, the second mount 2221 can include two independent sub-mounts, and the second magnetic assembly 2223 has two, the second lens group 131 and one of the second magnetic assemblies 2223 are fixedly installed on one of the sub-mounts, and the third lens group 132 and the other second magnetic assembly 2223 are fixedly installed on the other sub-mount, which is not limited in the present application.

[0188] It should be noted that the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 can also not share one motor, that is, the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132 are driven by two different motors when switching, which is not limited in the present application.

[0189] The imaging effect of the lens is exemplarily described below in combination with an exemplary structure of the lens. In the exemplary structure, the number of lenses included in each lens group of the first lens group 11, the second lens group 131, and the third lens group 132, the Abbe number, the refractive index, and the like of each lens are described in detail.

[0190] As shown in Figures 5a-6c, in one possible implementation, the first lens group 11 includes only one lens, the second lens group 131 includes four lenses 1311 arranged sequentially along its optical axis O2, and the third lens group 132 includes four lenses 1321 arranged sequentially along its optical axis O3. All lenses are aspherical lenses. Those skilled in the art will understand that aspherical lenses can simultaneously possess multiple aberration correction functions, improving image quality. Aspherical lenses satisfy the following formula:

[0191] Where c = 1 / R, R refers to the central radius of curvature, c is the curvature corresponding to the radius of curvature R, r is the distance from a point on the optical surface to the optical axis, z represents the sag of that point along the optical axis, k is the quadratic surface coefficient of the surface, and a4, a6, a8, a 10 a 12 a 14 a 16 a 18 a 20 The aspherical coefficient is used for the light transmission path. The aspherical coefficients of each lens surface are shown in Table 1. The lens numbers are arranged sequentially along the light transmission path from incident to exit. Specifically, L11-1 is the lens of the first lens group 11; L131-1 to L132-4 are the four lenses of the second lens group 131 arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction; L132-1 to L132-4 are the four lenses of the third lens group 132 arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction; S1 and S2 represent the two opposite surfaces of the lens along its optical axis, where S1 is the incident surface and S2 is the exit surface.

[0192] Table 1 Aspherical coefficients of each lens

[0193] Furthermore, the radius of curvature, center length, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens are shown in Table 2. Here, R refers to the center radius of curvature, d refers to the center length of the lens, a refers to the air gap between the lenses, nd refers to the refractive index of d-ray (587.56 nm light) under that lens, and vd refers to the Abbe number of the lens.

[0194] Table 2. Radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens.

[0195] The technical parameters of the embodiment are shown in Table 3, and the technical effects are shown in FIGS. 10a-10b. FIG. 10a is an MTF diagram one of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the second lens group is located on the optical path; and FIG. 10b is an MTF diagram two of the first embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the third lens group is located on the optical path.

[0196] It should be noted that on the MTF diagram, the abscissa represents the spatial frequency, and the ordinate represents the sharpness. Each curve shows the sharpness of light on different regions of the target surface (which can also be understood as the light-sensitive surface of the light-sensitive element 21). The curve F11 represents an ideal case, and the other curves represent the radial or arc sharpness on a circle with a distance x from the check point. The distance represented by x can be referred to Table 4. T represents the radial sharpness, and R represents the arc sharpness. As shown in FIGS. 10a-10b, the sharpness of each curve is high, indicating that the aberration of the lens 10 is also well corrected.

[0197] Table 3

[0198] Table 4

[0199] Referring to FIGS. 11a-11e, FIG. 11a is a principle diagram one of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located outside the optical path, and the view angle is a top view angle; FIG. 11b is a principle diagram two of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located inside the optical path, and the view angle is a top view angle; FIG. 11c is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application; FIG. 11d is a light ray transmission path schematic diagram one of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located outside the optical path; and FIG. 11e is a light ray transmission path schematic diagram two of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, in which the fourth lens group is located on the optical path.

[0200] As shown in FIGS. 11a-11c, in a possible implementation manner, the lens 10 can further include a fourth lens group 14. The number of lenses included in the fourth lens group 14 is not limited, and can be 1, 2, 4, etc., which is not limited in the present application. The optical axis O4 of the fourth lens group 14 is parallel to the first direction F1, which can also be understood as that the optical axis O4 of the fourth lens group 14 is parallel to the optical axis O1 of the first lens group 11. The fourth lens group 14 is arranged on the side of the first prism 121 facing the first lens group 11 along the first direction F1, and can move relative to the first prism 121 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction F1 to selectively move onto or outside the optical path.

[0201] As shown in FIGS. 11a-11b, in a possible implementation, the fourth lens group 14 is capable of moving along the third direction F3 to cut into or out of the light path. The fourth lens group 14 has the same moving direction as the second lens group 131 and the third lens group 132, which is beneficial to improve the space utilization of the lens 10, does not occupy other space, and makes the lens 10 as small as possible.

[0202] In other alternative implementations, the fourth lens group 14 can also move along the second direction F2 to cut into or out of the light path, or move along other directions perpendicular to the first direction F1, which is not limited in the application.

[0203] As shown in FIGS. 11b-11c, 11e, when the fourth lens group 14 moves to the light path, the fourth lens group 14 is located between the first lens group 11 and the first prism 121 in the first direction F1. Those skilled in the art can understand that the fourth lens group 14 can cut into the light path and cooperate with the second lens group 131 or the third lens group 132, so that the lens 10 has more focal length and better meets the needs of users, especially when the fourth lens group 14 enters the light path and cooperates with the third lens group 132, further realizing long focus. When the fourth lens group 14 cuts into the light path, the first lens group 11 moves along the first direction F1 away from the first prism 121 to cooperate with the fourth lens group 14 and focus.

[0204] It should be noted that, as shown in FIGS. 11a, 11d, in a possible implementation, when the second lens group 131 is located on the light path, the third lens group 132 and the fourth lens group 14 are located outside the light path, the lens 10 has a first focal length EFFL01, as shown in FIGS. 11b-11c, 11e, when the second lens group 131 is located outside the light path, the third lens group 132 and the fourth lens group 14 are located on the light path, the lens 10 has a second focal length EFFL02. It is understood in combination with FIG. 6b that when the lens 10 switches from the first focal length EFFL01 to the second focal length EFFL02, the first lens group 11 moves along the first direction F1 away from the first prism 121 to realize focusing.

[0205] It should be noted that when the lens 10 includes the fourth lens group 14, the characteristic surface of the lens of the fourth lens group 14 can also be set as the diffractive optical element surface 15.

[0206] Please refer to FIG. 12a, which is a system architecture diagram of a second embodiment of the camera module of the application.

[0207] As shown in FIG. 12a, the driving module 22 further comprises a third driving device 2203 configured to drive the fourth lens group 14 to move relative to the first prism 121 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction F1 to be selectively moved into or out of the optical path. The fourth lens group 14 is driven by the third driving device 2203 to be cut into or out of the optical path, and the third driving device 2203 does not interfere with the first driving device 2201 and the second driving device 2202, so that the movements among the first lens group 11, the zoom lens group 13 and the fourth lens group 14 do not interfere with each other, and the imaging quality is ensured.

[0208] As shown in FIG. 12a, in a possible implementation, the third driving device 2203 is a third motor 223, and the fourth lens group 14 is installed in the third motor 223. It should be noted that the structure of the third motor 223 is not limited. An exemplary structure of the third motor 223 cooperating with the lens 10 is described below.

[0209] Please refer to FIG. 12b and FIG. 12c, FIG. 12b is an exemplary structure schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the camera module of the present application; and FIG. 12c is a principle schematic diagram of the third motor in the second embodiment of the camera module of the present application.

[0210] As shown in FIG. 12b-FIG. 12c, in a possible implementation, the third motor 223 comprises a third housing 2230, a third mounting seat 2231 for mounting the fourth lens group 14, a third magnetic assembly 2233 fixedly installed on the third mounting seat 2231, and a third coil 2232 fixedly installed on the third housing 2230. The third mounting seat 2231 is slidingly connected in the third housing 2230 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction F1. The third coil 2232 and the third magnetic assembly 2233 are spaced apart. The third coil 2232 can generate magnetism to interact with the third magnetic assembly 2233 to drive the fourth lens group 14 to move along a direction perpendicular to the first direction F1 (for example, along a third direction F3), in the same way as the first motor 221. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific structure of the third magnetic assembly 2233 is not limited. In an example, the third magnetic assembly 2233 comprises two third magnetic pieces fixedly installed on the third mounting seat 2231 and arranged in sequence along the third direction F3, the magnetic poles on both sides of each third magnetic piece along its thickness direction are opposite, and the polarities of the two third magnetic pieces on the side facing the third coil 2232 are opposite.

[0211] It should be noted that the third shell 2230 is fixed relative to the outer shell 23, and the third shell 2230 and the outer shell 23 can be in an integrated structure or in a split structure, which is not limited in the present application. The third shell 2230 of the third motor 223 and the first shell 2210 of the first motor 221 can be in an integrated structure or in a split structure. In an example, the third shell 2230 of the third motor 223 and the first shell 2210 of the first motor 221 are in an integrated structure, i.e., share one shell.

[0212] The imaging effect of the second embodiment of the lens 10 is exemplarily described below in combination with an exemplary structure of the lens 10, wherein in the exemplary structure, the lens 10 comprises a fourth lens group 14, and the fourth lens group 14 only comprises one lens. Each lens is a non-spherical lens. The non-spherical coefficients of each lens surface can be seen in Table 5, and the curvature radius R, the center length d, the refractive index nd, and the Abbe number vd of each lens can be seen in Table 6.

[0213] Table 5: Non-spherical coefficients of each lens

[0214] Table 6: Curvature radius, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens

[0215] In combination with FIGS. 11a-11c and Tables 5-6, in the present embodiment, when the second lens group 131 is on the light path, the fourth lens group 14 is outside the light path, and when the third lens group 132 is on the light path, the fourth lens group 14 is also on the light path. It can be understood that the fourth lens group 14 cooperates with the third lens group 132, so that the lens 10 has a longer focal length. The technical parameters of the present embodiment are shown in Table 7, and the technical effects are shown in FIGS. 13a-13b. FIG. 13a is an MTF diagram one of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, wherein the second lens group is on the light path, and the third lens group and the fourth lens group are outside the light path; FIG. 13b is an MTF diagram two of the second embodiment of the lens of the present application, wherein the third lens group and the fourth lens group are on the light path.

[0216] In FIGS. 13a-13b, the meaning of each curve is the same as that in Table 4. The aberration correction effect of the lens 10 is also good.

[0217] Table 7

[0218] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A lens characterized by comprising: The lens comprises a first lens group, a prism group and a zoom lens group, the prism group comprises a first prism and a second prism arranged at intervals; The first lens group and the first prism are arranged in sequence in a first direction, and the first lens group is arranged to be movable relative to the first prism in the first direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the optical axis direction of the first lens group; The zoom lens group is located between the first prism and the second prism, and comprises a second lens group and a third lens group with different focal lengths and parallel optical axes, and each of the second lens group and the third lens group is movable relative to the prism group in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis thereof, so as to selectively move one of the second lens group and the third lens group onto the optical path formed by the first lens group and the prism group, and move the other lens group out of the optical path; when the second lens group is located on the optical path, the lens has a first focal length, and when the third lens group is located on the optical path, the lens has a second focal length, the first focal length being smaller than the second focal length; Wherein, external light rays are incident on the first prism after passing through the first lens group, at least twice reflected in the first prism, and then incident on the second prism through the second lens group or the third lens group located on the optical path, and at least twice reflected in the second prism before being emitted.

2. The lens of claim 1, wherein The second lens group and the third lens group are arranged at intervals in a lens group switching direction, and the second lens group and the third lens group are movable relative to the prism group in the lens group switching direction, the lens group switching direction being perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second lens group and the optical axis direction of the third lens group; When the second lens group and the third lens group are both out of the optical path, the second lens group and the third lens group are located on opposite sides of the optical path in the lens group switching direction.

3. The lens of claim 2, wherein The lens group switching direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

4. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The focal length of the second lens group is smaller than the focal length of the third lens group.

5. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that When the second lens group is located on the optical path, the first lens group can be moved to a first position to focus the lens, and when the third lens group is located on the optical path, the first lens group can be moved to a second position to focus the lens, the second position being located on the side of the first position away from the first prism in the first direction.

6. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The relationship between the focal length of the second lens group, the focal length of the third lens group, the first focal length and the second focal length satisfies: 0.5≤|EFFL2 / EFFL3|÷(EFFL01 / EFFL02)≤2, and |EFFL2 / EFFL3|>1; Wherein, EFFL2 is the focal length of the second lens group, EFFL3 is the focal length of the third lens group, EFFL01 is the first focal length, and EFFL02 is the second focal length.

7. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein A ratio of a central length of the second lens group along an optical axis direction thereof to the first focal length is less than or equal to 0.2, and a ratio of a central length of the third lens group along an optical axis direction thereof to the first focal length is less than or equal to 0.

2.

8. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that A ratio of a maximum optical size of the second lens group in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis direction thereof to a half image height of the lens is less than or equal to 0.7, and a ratio of a maximum optical size of the third lens group in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis direction thereof to the half image height of the lens is less than or equal to 0.

7.

9. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein Each of the first lens group, the second lens group, and the third lens group includes at least one lens.

10. The lens of claim 9, wherein, The at least one lens of the second lens group is a plurality of lenses arranged in sequence along an optical axis direction thereof, and the at least one lens of the third lens group is a plurality of lenses arranged in sequence along an optical axis direction thereof.

11. The lens according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, One side surface of at least one lens among the lenses located on the optical path is provided as a diffractive optical element surface through which the optical path passes. A step height of the diffractive optical element surface is less than or equal to 50 micrometers, and a narrowest ring width is less than or equal to 50 micrometers.

12. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first lens group is capable of converging light rays, and when the first lens group includes at least one lens, a surface of the first lens group farthest from a surface of the first prism in the first direction is convex. Further, a relationship between a focal length of the first lens group and the first focal length and the second focal length satisfies: 0.5 ≤ EFFL1 / EFFL01 ≤ 2, 0.3 ≤ EFFL1 / EFFL02 ≤ 1.5, where EFFL1 is the focal length of the first lens group.

13. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that A relationship between the first focal length and the second focal length and a maximum distance by which the first lens group is movable in the first direction satisfies: 0.2 ≤ L / |EFFL02-EFFL01| ≤ 5, where L is the maximum distance by which the first lens group is movable in the first direction.

14. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The lens further includes a fourth lens group having an optical axis direction parallel to the first direction, the fourth lens group being disposed on a side of the first prism facing the first lens group in the first direction and being movable relative to the first prism in a direction perpendicular to the first direction to be selectively moved onto or out of the optical path. When the fourth lens group is located on the optical path, the fourth lens group is located between the first lens group and the first prism in the first direction.

15. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein The first prism has a first light entrance surface, a first reflection surface and a first light exit surface, the first light entrance surface is perpendicular to the first direction, the first reflection surface is located on the side of the first light entrance surface away from the first lens group along the first direction, the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than 45 degrees, the light passing through the first lens group enters the first prism from the first light entrance surface, is reflected once at the first reflection surface and is then directed to the first light entrance surface, and is then emitted from the first light exit surface and enters the zoom lens group after being reflected once at the first light entrance surface; The second prism has a second light entrance surface, a second reflection surface and a second light exit surface, the second light exit surface is perpendicular to the first direction, the second reflection surface is located on the side of the second light exit surface towards the first lens group along the first direction, the included angle between the second light exit surface and the second reflection surface is equal to the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface, the light passing through the zoom lens group enters the second prism from the second light entrance surface, is reflected once at the second light exit surface and is then directed to the second reflection surface, and is then emitted from the second light exit surface after being reflected once at the second reflection surface.

16. The lens of claim 15, wherein, The refractive index of the first prism is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ1), wherein θ1 is the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface; The refractive index of the second prism is greater than or equal to 1 / sin(2θ2), wherein θ2 is the included angle between the second light exit surface and the second reflection surface.

17. The lens of claim 15 or 16, wherein, The included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first light exit surface is twice the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface; The included angles between the optical axes of the second lens group and the third lens group and the optical axis of the first lens group are both twice the included angle between the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface.

18. The lens according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The first prism further has a first surface, the first surface is arranged opposite to the first light exit surface and is connected to the edges of the first light entrance surface and the first reflection surface away from the first light exit surface, and the first surface is arranged between the two side edges of the first lens group; The second prism further has a second surface, the second surface is arranged opposite to the second light entrance surface and is connected to the edges of the second light exit surface and the second reflection surface away from the second light entrance surface.

19. A camera module comprising a light sensing element, characterized in that, The camera module further comprises a driving module and a lens as claimed in any one of claims 1-18; The photosensitive element is arranged on the side of the second prism away from the first lens group along the first direction; The driving module is configured to drive the first lens group to move relative to the first prism along the first direction, and to drive each of the second lens group and the third lens group to move relative to the prism group along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis thereof; When the lens further comprises a fourth lens group, the driving module is capable of driving the fourth lens group to move relative to the first prism along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

20. The camera module of claim 19, wherein, The driving module comprises a first driving device and a second driving device, the first driving device is configured to drive the first lens group to move along the first direction, and the second driving device is configured to drive the second lens group and the third lens group to move along a lens group switching direction.

21. The camera module of claim 20, wherein, When the lens comprises the fourth lens group, the driving module further comprises a third driving device, the third driving device is configured to drive the fourth lens group to move along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

22. The camera module of claim 20 or 21, wherein, The first driving device is a first motor, and the first lens group is installed in the first motor. The second driving device is a second motor, and the second lens group and the third lens group are installed in the second motor. When the driving module further comprises a third driving device, the third driving device is a third motor, and the fourth lens group is installed in the third motor.

23. An electronic device comprising a housing, characterized in that The electronic device further comprises the camera module according to any one of claims 19-22, and the camera module is installed in the housing.

24. The electronic device of claim 23, wherein, The first direction is parallel to a thickness direction of the electronic device.

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