Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus, relating to the technical field of communications, and capable of providing a standards-compliant approach to reduce processing complexity and improve decoding performance when coding and modulation are performed in an MLC manner. The method comprises: on the basis of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, a sending end device determining M pieces of target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index; performing coding and modulation on an information bit sequence on the basis of the M pieces of target sub-code rate information to obtain a modulated symbol sequence; and outputting the modulated symbol sequence, wherein the MCS table is used for indicating one or more MCS indexes and M pieces of target sub-code rate information corresponding to each of the one or more MCS indexes, the one or more MCS indexes comprise the target MCS index, the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0, and M is an integer greater than 1.

Description

Communication method and apparatus This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410835538.8, filed on June 25, 2024, and entitled "Communication method and apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND In a communication system, a sending device can encode and modulate a sequence of information bits using a multi-level coding (MLC) method, and send the encoded and modulated sequence to a receiving device. Specifically, the sending device can perform a serial-to-parallel conversion on the sequence of information bits to be encoded, divide the converted sequence into a plurality of bit streams, each bit stream corresponding to a bit channel under a high-order modulation, encode each bit channel individually to obtain a plurality of codewords, modulate the plurality of codewords to obtain a sequence of modulation symbols, and send the sequence of modulation symbols to the receiving device. There is an urgent need for a standard-friendly way to reduce processing complexity and improve decoding performance when encoding and modulating using the MLC method. SUMMARY The present application provides a communication method and apparatus, which can provide a standard-friendly way to reduce processing complexity and improve decoding performance when encoding and modulating using the MLC method. In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication method, which can be performed by a sending device. In the absence of special description, the "sending device" in the present application can refer to the sending device itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the sending device, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the sending device. The method comprises: determining M target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index according to a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, encoding and modulating a sequence of information bits according to the M target sub-code rate information to obtain a sequence of modulation symbols, and outputting the sequence of modulation symbols. The MCS table is used to indicate one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the one or more MCS indexes; the one or more MCS indexes include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1. Based on the first aspect, by indicating the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the MCS table, the sending device can determine the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer according to the MCS table, which can reduce the processing complexity and improve the decoding performance compared with the sending device determining the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer by calculation. The method is simple and friendly to the standard. In a possible design, the MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index; or, the MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, and M code rate coefficients corresponding to the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index; and the M target sub-code rate information is determined according to the target code rate information and the M code rate coefficients. Based on the possible design, the MCS table can include one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, which can intuitively indicate the M target sub-code rate information. Alternatively, the MCS table can include one or more MCS indexes, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, and M code rate coefficients corresponding to the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, which retains the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, has less change to the standard, and is compatible with the current system. In a possible design, M is associated with the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table. In a possible design, M is equal to Q / 2; or, M is equal to Q; and Q is the maximum modulation order. Based on the above two possible designs, optionally, when M is even, M is equal to Q / 2; and when M is odd, M is equal to Q. In a possible design, the MCS table includes target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index; or, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index is determined according to the M target sub-code rate corresponding to each MCS index. Based on the possible design, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index can be intuitively reflected in the MCS table, which has less change to the standard and is compatible with the current system. Alternatively, the target modulation order can be indirectly determined according to the M target sub-code rate in the MCS table, which can reduce the complexity of the MCS table on the basis of being able to indicate the target modulation order. In a possible design, when one of the M target sub-code rates is non-zero, the target modulation order is 2; or when two of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 4; or when three of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 6; or when four of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 8. Based on the possible design, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index can be determined according to the number of non-zero elements in the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the MCS index. In a possible design, the MCS table further includes one or more of the following: a spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, or a target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index. Based on the possible design, each of the parameters corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table or in multiple MCS tables, which is not limited, to improve the design flexibility of the MCS table. In a possible design, encoding and modulating an information bit sequence according to M target sub-code rates to obtain a modulated symbol sequence includes: dividing the information bit sequence with a length of K into M information bit groups according to the M target sub-code rate information; encoding the mth information bit group to obtain a first sequence with a length of 2N; where m = 1, 2, …, M; and modulating the M first sequences according to a target modulation order corresponding to a target MCS index to obtain a modulated symbol sequence with a length of N. Based on the possible design, the encoding and modulation of the information bit sequence by the sending end device can be performed in an MLC manner or in a BICM manner, which is not limited. In a possible design, the number of information bits included in the mth information bit group is determined according to K and a first value, the first value is determined according to the mth target sub-code rate information and a second value, and the second value is the sum of the M target sub-code rate information; or the number of information bits included in the mth information bit group is determined according to K and a code rate coefficient corresponding to the mth target sub-code rate information. Based on the possible design, multiple feasible schemes are provided for determining the number of information bits included in each information bit group. In a possible design, encoding the mth information bit group to obtain a first sequence with a length of 2N includes: encoding the mth information bit group to obtain a first sequence with a length of 2N by using any one of the following encoding manners: a polar encoding manner or a low-density parity-check code (LDPC) encoding manner. Based on the possible design, the communication method provided in the present application can be decoupled with the encoding type, that is, the present application can support compatibility with different encoding schemes, and has good compatibility. The communication method provided in the present application can be used in combination with the optimal encoding in various communication scenarios to further improve the performance. In a possible design, the encoding manners corresponding to different information bit groups are the same, or the encoding manners corresponding to at least two information bit groups are different. Based on the possible design, the sending end device can use the same encoding manner at a higher level (that is, a post-decoding layer, with a higher code rate) and a lower level (that is, a pre-decoding layer, with a lower code rate). Alternatively, the sending end device can use a polar encoding manner at the lower level (that is, the pre-decoding layer, with the lower code rate) and an LDPC encoding manner at the higher level (that is, the post-decoding layer, with the higher code rate) to improve the decoding performance. In a possible design, different encoding manners correspond to different MCS tables. Based on the possible design, for the MLC manner, the selection of the MCS table can be related to the channel encoding type, segmentation, and the like. For example, a separate channel encoding scheme can be designed for the MLC manner in a high-throughput scenario, and at this time, it can be suggested to establish a mapping relationship between the MCS table and the encoding manner. That is, different encoding manners can correspond to different MCS tables to improve the decoding performance. In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be performed by a receiving end device. In the absence of special description, the "receiving end device" in the present application can refer to the receiving end device itself, or a component (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system) in the receiving end device, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the receiving end device. The method comprises: receiving to-be-decoded information from a sending end device, determining M target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index according to an MCS table, and decoding the to-be-decoded information according to the M target sub-code rate information. The to-be-decoded information corresponds to an information bit sequence; the MCS table is used to indicate one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the one or more MCS indexes; the one or more MCS indexes include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1. Based on the second aspect, by indicating M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the MCS table, the receiving end device can determine the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer according to the MCS table, which can reduce the processing complexity and improve the decoding performance compared with the receiving end device determining the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer in a calculation manner. This method is simple to implement and friendly to standards. In a possible design, the MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index; or, the MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, and M code rate coefficients corresponding to M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index; and the M target sub-code rate information is determined according to the target code rate information and the M code rate coefficients. In a possible design, M is associated with a maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table. In a possible design, M is equal to Q / 2; or, M is equal to Q, where Q is the maximum modulation order. In a possible design, the MCS table includes target modulation orders corresponding to the MCS indexes; or, the target modulation orders corresponding to the MCS indexes are determined according to the M target sub-code rates corresponding to the MCS indexes. In a possible design, when one of the M target sub-code rates is non-0, the target modulation order is 2; or, when two of the M target sub-code rates are non-0, the target modulation order is 4; or, when three of the M target sub-code rates are non-0, the target modulation order is 6; or, when four of the M target sub-code rates are non-0, the target modulation order is 8. In a possible design, the MCS table further includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, or target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index. It can be understood that the technical effects of the above-mentioned possible designs can be referred to the description of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which can be applied to the sending device in the first aspect to implement the functions of the sending device. The communication apparatus can be the sending device, a chip or a chip system or a system on chip, etc. The communication apparatus can implement the functions of the sending device by hardware, or by corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. For example, a transceiving module and a processing module. The transceiving module can implement the transceiving operations independently, or in cooperation with the processing module. Similarly, the processing module can implement the processing operations independently, or in cooperation with the transceiving module. No limitation is made. Exemplarily, the processing module is configured to determine M target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index according to a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, encode and modulate the information bit sequence according to the M target sub-code rate information to obtain a modulated symbol sequence, and the transceiver module is configured to output the modulated symbol sequence. The MCS table is configured to indicate one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each of the one or more MCS indexes; the one or more MCS indexes include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1. Optionally, the transceiver module and the processing module of the communication apparatus in the third aspect can also perform the corresponding functions in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, and the specific implementation can be referred to the detailed description in the method examples, and the beneficial effects can be referred to the foregoing description. In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which can be applied to the receiving end device in the second aspect to implement the functions performed by the receiving end device. The communication apparatus can be the receiving end device, a chip or a chip system or a system on chip, etc. The communication apparatus can perform the functions of the receiving end device through hardware, or perform the functions through corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. For example, a transceiver module and a processing module. The transceiver module can perform the following transceiving operations independently, or in cooperation with the processing module. Similarly, the processing module can perform the following processing operations independently, or in cooperation with the transceiver module. Exemplarily, the transceiver module is configured to receive to-be-decoded information from a sending end device, and the processing module is configured to determine M target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index according to an MCS table, and decode the to-be-decoded information according to the M target sub-code rate information. The to-be-decoded information corresponds to an information bit sequence. The MCS table is configured to indicate one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each of the one or more MCS indexes. The one or more MCS indexes include the target MCS index. The target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0. M is an integer greater than 1. Optionally, the transceiver module and the processing module of the communication apparatus in the fourth aspect can also perform the corresponding functions in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, and the specific implementation can be referred to the detailed description in the method examples, and the beneficial effects can be referred to the foregoing description. In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, comprising one or more processors; and the one or more processors are configured to execute computer programs or instructions, and when the one or more processors execute the computer programs or instructions, the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the second aspect is performed. In a possible design, the communication apparatus further comprises one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are configured to store the computer programs or instructions. In a possible implementation, the memory is located outside the communication apparatus. In another possible implementation, the memory is located inside the communication apparatus. In an embodiment of the present application, the processor and the memory can also be integrated into one device, i.e., the processor and the memory can also be integrated together. In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus further comprises a transceiver, and the transceiver is configured to receive information and / or send information. In a possible design, the communication apparatus further comprises one or more communication interfaces coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more communication interfaces are configured to communicate with other modules outside the communication apparatus. In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, comprising an interface circuit and a logic circuit; the interface circuit is configured to input and / or output information; and the logic circuit is configured to perform the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the second aspect, process and / or generate information according to the information. In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer programs or instructions, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed on a computer, the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the second aspect is performed. In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising computer programs or instructions, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed on a computer, the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the second aspect is performed. In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, and when the computer program is executed on a computer, the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the second aspect is performed. In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, comprising: a processor coupled to a memory, and the memory is configured to store programs or instructions, and when the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the second aspect is performed. The technical effects brought by any one of the fifth aspect to the tenth aspect can refer to the technical effects brought by any one of the first aspect to the second aspect, and details are not described herein. In an eleventh aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, which can include a communication device for performing the method according to the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, and a communication device for performing the method according to the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a diagram of a modulation symbol according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 2 is a diagram of a channel capacity according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 3 is a diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 4 is a diagram of an encoding and decoding process according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 5 is a diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 7 is a diagram of an encoding, modulation and decoding according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 8 is a diagram of a transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 is a diagram of a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 10 is a diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Before the embodiments of the present application are described, technical terms related to the embodiments of the present application are described. Encoding modulation is a key technology to improve the spectral efficiency of digital communication systems, and the gain brought by high-order modulation in wireless communication is significant. In addition, compared with high-order modulation in optical fiber communication, the code rate configuration used in wireless communication is not fixed, and therefore a set of high-order encoding modulation schemes that can be implemented and standardized is needed. Under an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, the famous Shannon formula indicates the maximum amount of information that can be transmitted per channel use under a given signal noise ratio (SNR), i.e., the channel capacity C, which can be calculated by the following formula: C = 0.5*log2(1+SNR) [bit per channel use]. It is also pointed out that the optimal input distribution to reach the channel capacity is Gaussian distribution. However, Gaussian distribution is a continuous distribution, and in a digital communication system, the input signal is a discrete signal. Taking a binary discrete-input digital communication system under a one-dimensional real AWGN channel as an example, if binary phase shift keying (BPSK) is used, it is equivalent to 2-pulse amplitude modulation (2-PAM). The modulator can then modulate a bit v... i (v i The value is either 0 or 1) modulated into a transmission symbol S. i =1-2*v i (S i The value is +1 or -1). Even if the SNR is very high, the channel capacity in Formula 1 above cannot be achieved because the message transmitted each time the channel is used is only log2(2) = 1 bit. If 4-PAM modulation is used, the modulator can map log2(4) = 2 bits into one transmitted symbol. For example, as shown in Figure 1(a), (v1 = 0, v2 = 0) can be mapped to S1 = -3, (v1 = 1, v2 = 0) to S2 = -1, (v1 = 1, v2 = 1) to S3 = +1, and (v1 = 0, v2 = 1) to S4 = +3. In this case, the information that can be transmitted for each transmitted symbol will not exceed log2(4) = 2 bits. Similarly, if M-PAM (M = 2) is used, the modulation can be further modified. m If the modulation order m is m, then the modulator can map m bits into a single transmitted symbol according to a specific labeling rule. Therefore, the maximum amount of information that can be transmitted per symbol is m bits. Thus, in discrete digital communication systems, the amount of information that can be transmitted per channel use (i.e., spectral efficiency) increases with the modulation order m. The above process can be directly extended to a two-dimensional complex AWGN channel, that is, the real PAM signal on a one-dimensional straight line can be extended to complex quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbols on a two-dimensional plane. For example, as shown in Figures 1(a) and (b), the correspondence between 4-PAM signals and 16-QAM signals is given (to ensure average transmission). After extending to a two-dimensional plane signal, each M... 2 The -QAM symbol can transmit a maximum of 2*log2(M) bits. Serial demodulation and parallel demodulation: Demodulation refers to converting a modulation symbol Sv1,v2,…,v… into a parallel signal. m Transform it into its corresponding bit sequence v1, v2, ..., v mThe process of demodulation can be classified into serial demodulation and parallel demodulation. Taking a 4-PAM symbol as an example, the two demodulation modes are described in detail below, wherein a 4-PAM symbol S corresponds to two bits (v1, v2), and the received symbol y of S after passing through an AWGN channel is as follows. Serial demodulation: the probability P(v1=0|y) of v1=0 and the probability P(v1=1|y) of v1=1 can be obtained according to y, and the value of v1 is obtained according to the following formula 1. Similarly, Based on the above formula, according to the 4-PAM shown in (a) of FIG. 1, when calculating the probabilities of P(v1=0|y) and P(v1=1|y), S 00 =-3A, S 10 =-A, S 11 =+A, S 01 =+3A, in order to ensure the average transmission power E S =1, that is, 1 / 4*(|S 00 | 2 +|S 10 | 2 +|S 11 | 2 +|S 01 | 2 )=1, there are The value of v1 can be obtained by using the above formula 1. In addition, for the value of v2, the serial demodulation needs to calculate the probability P(v2=0|y, v1) of v2=0 and the probability P(v2=1|y, v1) of v2=1 under the condition that the value of v1 is given, and the log-likelihood ratio of the two probabilities is calculated, and the value of v2 is obtained according to the following formula 2: If v1=0, then Similarly, the case when v1=1 can be obtained as follows: At this point, the probabilities of P(v2=0|y, v1) and P(v2=1|y, v1) can be calculated, and the value of v2 can be serially demodulated according to the above formula 2. ​Parallel demodulation: the process of solving v1 is the same as the process of solving v1 in serial demodulation, when solving v2, parallel demodulation does not need to use the value of v1, but takes the average of all possible values of v1, and determines the value of v2 according to the following formula 3: wherein, Similarly, Based on the above description of serial demodulation and parallel demodulation, serial demodulation needs to estimate the value of v1 according to the received symbol y first, and then further estimates the value of v2 using the estimated value of v1 and y. The difference between parallel demodulation and serial demodulation is that parallel demodulation does not need to use the estimated value of v1 when solving v2, so v1 and v2 can be obtained at the same time, and parallel implementation can be achieved. Whether it is serial demodulation or parallel demodulation, it can be regarded as a process of converting a high-order modulation channel containing 2 m symbols into an m-bit channel. Taking 4-PAM as an example, the channel capacity of this modulation channel is I(Y; V1, V2). Serial demodulation decomposes this modulation channel into two bit channels, where the capacity of the first bit channel is I(Y; V1), and the capacity of the second bit channel is I(Y; V2|V1). It can be proved that I(Y; V1, V2) = I(Y; V1) + I(Y; V2|V1), that is, serial demodulation does not cause capacity loss. As shown by the solid lines in Figure 2, the first solid line from the bottom is the bit channel capacity I(Y; V1) of V1, the second solid line is the bit channel capacity I(Y; V2|V1) of V2, and the third solid line from the bottom is the modulation channel capacity I(Y; V1, V2) under serial demodulation. Parallel demodulation also decomposes this modulation channel into two bit channels, where the capacity of the first bit channel is I(Y; V1), but the capacity of the second bit channel is I(Y; V2). Since I(Y; V1, V2) ≥ I(Y; V1) + I(Y; V2), parallel demodulation will cause a certain capacity loss. As shown by the dashed lines in Figure 2, the first dashed line from the bottom is the bit channel capacity I(Y; V1) of V1, the second dashed line is the bit channel capacity I(Y; V2) of V2, and the third dashed line is the modulation channel capacity I(Y; V1) + I(Y; V2) under parallel demodulation. It can be seen that parallel demodulation has a certain capacity loss compared to serial demodulation, but since parallel demodulation is simple to implement and can be parallelized, parallel demodulation is generally used. Multi-level coding (MLC): refers to a technology of dividing a series of modulation bits into multiple layers according to the capacity of the modulation bits in a symbol, and independently encoding each layer. Specifically, the sending end device can perform serial-parallel conversion on the information bit sequence to be encoded, divide the information bit sequence into multiple bit streams, each bit stream corresponding to a bit channel under high-order modulation, encode each bit channel independently, obtain multiple codewords, modulate the multiple codewords, obtain a modulated symbol sequence, and send the modulated symbol sequence to the receiving end device. At present, a standard-friendly way is urgently needed to reduce the processing complexity and improve the decoding performance when encoding and modulation are performed by the MLC mode. To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application proposes a communication method, in which the sending end device can determine M target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index according to a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, encode and modulate an information bit sequence according to the M target sub-code rate information, obtain a modulated symbol sequence, and output the modulated symbol sequence. The MCS table is used to indicate one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the one or more MCS indexes; the one or more MCS indexes include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1. In the embodiment of the present application, by indicating M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the MCS table, the sending end device can determine the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer according to the MCS table, which can reduce the processing complexity and improve the decoding performance compared with the sending end device determining the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer by calculation. This method is simple to implement and more friendly to the standard. The implementation of the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to any communication system, which can be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, and can also be a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a system of mixed networking of LTE and 5G, a new radio (NR) system, a vehicle to everything (V2X) system of NR, a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, a machine to machine (M2M) communication system, an internet of things (IoT), a narrow band-internet of things (NB-IoT) system, a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system, an enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE) system, a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, a code division multiple access (CDMA2000) system, a time division-synchronization code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) system, an enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) system, an ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) system, an enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) system, and various types of future communication systems, and can also be a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system (such as a satellite communication system), a non-3GPP communication system, and the like, without limitation. The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication scenarios, for example, can be applied to one or more of the following communication scenarios: encoding of a control channel, encoding of a data channel, and the like, without limitation. The communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below by taking FIG. 3 as an example. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication system can include at least one terminal device and at least one network device. In FIG. 3, the terminal device can be located in the beam / cell coverage of the network device, and the network device can provide communication services for the terminal device. For example, the network device can encode downlink data by using channel coding, modulate the data by using constellation modulation, and then transmit the data to the terminal device through the air interface (i.e., the network device is the sending terminal device, and the terminal device is the receiving terminal device); the terminal device can also encode uplink data by using channel coding, modulate the data by using constellation modulation, and then transmit the data to the network device through the air interface (i.e., the terminal device is the sending terminal device, and the network device is the receiving terminal device). It can be understood that when the network device communicates with the network device, or the terminal device communicates with the terminal device, the communication can also be based on channel coding, i.e., the sending terminal device and the receiving terminal device can both be network devices, or both be terminal devices, which is not limited. The terminal device in FIG. 3 can be a device with wireless transceiving function or a chip or chip system that can be arranged in the device, and can allow a user to access a network, which is a device used to provide voice and / or data connectivity to a user. The terminal device can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), a subscriber unit, a terminal, a mobile station (MS), or a mobile terminal (MT), etc. Exemplarily, the terminal device in FIG. 3 can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with wireless transceiver function. The terminal device can also be a user station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile terminal device, a user terminal device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, a user equipment, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device, a processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in Internet of Things, a household appliance, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical treatment, a wireless terminal in smart power grid, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a vehicle with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capability, a smart connected vehicle, a drone with unmanned aerial vehicle to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV to UAV, U2U) communication capability, a terminal device in future network, or a terminal device in future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., without limitation. The network device in FIG. 3 can be any device deployed in an access network and capable of wireless communication with the terminal device, can also be a chip or chip system that can be provided in the above device, can also be a logical node or a logical module or a function implemented in software, and is mainly responsible for functions such as wireless physical control function, resource scheduling, wireless resource management, quality of service management, data compression and encryption, wireless access control, and mobility management. Specifically, the network device can be a device supporting wired access or a device supporting wireless access. Exemplary network devices can be composed of one or more access network (AN) / radio access network (RAN) nodes. AN / RAN nodes can be various types of base stations such as satellite base stations, continue evolution NodeBs (gNBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), evolved NodeBs (eNBs), radio network controllers (RNCs), NodeBs (NBs), base station controllers (BSCs), base transceiver stations (BTSs), home base stations (e.g., home eNBs or home NBs, HNB), macro base stations, micro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relay stations, balloon stations, drone stations, wireless backhaul nodes, base band units (BBUs), or wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) access points (APs), etc. It can be understood that network devices can be ground-based devices or non-ground-based devices (e.g., satellites, drones, high-altitude communication devices, etc.). In addition, in communication systems using different radio access technologies, the names of network devices with base station functions can be different, which is not limited in the present application. In yet another example, network devices can include a BBU and a remote radio unit (RRU). The BBU and the RRU can be placed in different locations, for example, the RRU is pulled away and placed in a high-traffic area, and the BBU is placed in a central machine room. The BBU and the RRU can also be placed in the same machine room. The BBU and the RRU can also be different components under one rack. In still another example, network devices can also be devices including a centralized unit (CU) node, or including a distributed unit (DU) node, or including a CU node and a DU node. For example, network devices can be divided into a CU and a DU from a logical function perspective, and the functions of part of the protocol layers are controlled by the CU, and the remaining part or all of the protocol layers are distributed in the DU and controlled by the CU. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can be included in the same network element, such as a BBU. Furthermore, the centralized unit CU can also be divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP). In another example, the network device can also be a device including a radio unit (RU), or a device including a CU, a DU, and a RU. The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a RRU, an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). It can be understood that the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU can also have different names in different systems, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU are taken as examples for description in this application. Any one of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. Based on the above description of the terminal device and the network device, optionally, the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by the terminal device or the network device described above, or by components of the terminal device or the network device, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or software (such as program code in a memory), without limitation. Optionally, in the embodiments of this application, the sending terminal device (also referred to as a source) and the receiving terminal device (also referred to as a sink) can use the process shown in FIG. 4 for encoding and decoding. The sending terminal device can be any terminal device or network device in the communication system shown in FIG. 3, and the receiving terminal device can also be any terminal device or network device in the communication system shown in FIG. 3. The sending terminal device can source encode the bits generated by itself to obtain a source bit stream, channel encode the source bit stream, modulate the source bit stream after channel encoding, and send the modulated symbols to the receiving terminal device through a noisy channel. When the receiving terminal device receives the modulated symbols through the noisy channel, it can demodulate the modulated symbols, then channel decode, recover the source bit stream, and obtain the decoding result after source recovery. In a specific implementation, each of the terminal device and the network device shown in FIG. 3 can adopt the component structure shown in FIG. 5, or include the components shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a component diagram of a communication apparatus 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 500 can be a terminal device or a chip or system on chip in the terminal device, or a network device or a chip or system on chip in the network device. As shown in FIG. 5, the communication apparatus 500 includes a processor 501, a transceiver 502, and a communication line 503. Further, the communication apparatus 500 can further include a memory 504. The processor 501, the memory 504, and the transceiver 502 can be connected through the communication line 503. The processor 501 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a general processor network processor (NP), a digital signal processing (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 501 can also be other devices with processing functions, such as a circuit, a device, or a software module, without limitation. The transceiver 502 is configured to communicate with other devices or other communication networks. The other communication networks can be an Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), or the like. The transceiver 502 can be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of communication. The communication line 503 is configured to transmit information between components included in the communication apparatus 500. The memory 504 is configured to store instructions. The instructions can be a computer program. The memory 504 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and / or instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and / or instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, a magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation. It should be noted that the memory 504 can exist independently of the processor 501 or can be integrated with the processor 501. The memory 504 can be used to store instructions or program codes or some data, etc. The memory 504 can be located within the communication apparatus 500 or outside the communication apparatus 500, without limitation. The processor 501 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 504 to implement the communication method provided by the embodiments described below. In an example, the processor 501 can include one or more CPUs, such as the CPU0 and the CPU1 in FIG. 5. As an optional implementation, the communication apparatus 500 includes multiple processors, for example, in addition to the processor 501 in FIG. 5, the communication apparatus 500 can further include a processor 507. As an optional implementation, the communication apparatus 500 further includes an output device 505 and an input device 506. For example, the input device 506 is a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a joystick, etc., and the output device 505 is a display screen, a speaker, etc. It should be noted that the communication apparatus 500 can be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device having a similar structure to that in FIG. 5. In addition, the constituent structures shown in FIG. 5 do not constitute limitation on the communication apparatus, and the communication apparatus can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different arrangement of components. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices. In addition, the actions, terms and the like involved among the embodiments of the present application can be mutually referred to and are not limited. The message names or parameter names in the messages exchanged between the devices in the embodiments of the present application are only examples, and other names can also be used in the specific implementation, which are not limited. The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to FIG. 6 in combination with the communication system shown in FIG. 3, where the sending device can be any terminal device or network device in the communication system shown in FIG. 3, and the receiving device can also be any terminal device or network device in the communication system shown in FIG. 3. The sending device or receiving device described in the following embodiments can have the components shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the method can include the following steps. In step 601, the sending device determines M target sub-code rate information corresponding to a target MCS index according to an MCS table. The MCS table is used to indicate one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each of the one or more MCS indexes; the one or more MCS indexes include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1. Optionally, M is associated with a maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table. For example, M is equal to Q / 2 or M is equal to Q, where Q is the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table. Optionally, when M is an even number, M is equal to Q / 2; and when M is an odd number, M is equal to Q. For example, when the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table is 8 (corresponding to 256-QAM modulation), M can be equal to 4. Or, when the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table is 10 (corresponding to 1024-QAM modulation), M can be equal to 5. Or, when the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table is 12 (corresponding to 4096-QAM modulation), M can be equal to 6. For another example, when the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table is 9 (corresponding to 512-QAM modulation), M can be equal to 9. Optionally, the MCS table can be the MCS table shown in the following first possible design or the MCS table shown in the following second possible design, which is not described here. Optionally, the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the MCS index can be determined according to the target code rate information corresponding to the MCS index. That is, the target code rate information corresponding to the MCS index can be split into M target sub-code rate information, and the sum of the M target sub-code rate information is equal to the target code rate information. The description of the target code rate information corresponding to the MCS index can be referred to the related description in the communication protocol, which will not be described here. For example, the target code rate information of 30 can be split into the following four target sub-code rate information: 0, 0, 0, 30. For another example, the target code rate information of 48 can be split into the following four target sub-code rate information: 0, 0, 8, 40. Optionally, the sending end device can determine the target MCS index according to the channel quality indication (CQI). Then, the sending end device can determine the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the target MCS index according to the MCS table. Step 602, the sending end device encodes and modulates the information bit sequence according to the M target sub-code rate information to obtain a modulation symbol sequence. Optionally, the sending end device can refer to the following steps 1 to 3 to encode and modulate the M information bit groups, which will not be described here. It can be understood that the number of information bits included in the information bit group is greater than or equal to 0, that is, the number of information bits included in a certain information bit group is allowed to be 0. Step 603, the sending end device outputs the modulation symbol sequence; correspondingly, the receiving end device receives the to-be-decoded information from the sending end device. The to-be-decoded information corresponds to the information bit sequence. When the modulation symbol sequence output by the sending end device is transmitted through the channel, it may be affected by noise and other interference, and the to-be-decoded information received by the receiving end device is the modulation symbol sequence affected by noise and other interference. Step 604, the receiving end device determines the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the target MCS index according to the MCS table. The way in which the receiving end device determines the M target sub-code rate information based on step 604 can refer to the way in which the sending end device determines the M target sub-code rate information based on step 601, which will not be described here. Step 605, the receiving end device decodes the to-be-decoded information according to the M target sub-code rate information. The receiving end device can use the above parallel demodulation or serial demodulation to demodulate and decode the to-be-decoded information according to the M target sub-code rate information. Based on the method shown in Figure 6, by indicating the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index in the MCS table, the sending end device can determine the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer according to the MCS table, which can reduce the processing complexity and improve the decoding performance compared with the sending end device determining the target sub-code rate information corresponding to each layer in a calculation manner. The method is simple to implement and friendly to the standard. Based on the MCS table shown in Figure 6, the MCS table in the embodiment of the application may be the MCS table shown in the following first possible design, or may be the MCS table shown in the following second possible design. In the first possible design, the MCS table can include one or more MCS indexes and M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index. The MCS table can intuitively represent the M target sub-code rate information. For example, the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS index is 8 (corresponding to 256-QAM modulation mode), M can be equal to 4, and the MCS table can be the MCS table shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Wherein, R1, R2, R3, R4 represent target sub-code rate, R1 x

[0256] , R2 x

[0256] , R3 x

[0256] , R4 x

[0256] represent target sub-code rate information. It can be understood that in the present application, the above-mentioned example R x

[1024] is a representation of target sub-code rate information, and 1024 can also be replaced by 256, 512, etc. Similarly, R x

[0256] can also be a representation of target sub-code rate information, and 256 can also be replaced by 512, 1024, etc. without limitation. In addition, the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table containing part or all of the rows of Table 1, that is, the MCS table does not necessarily contain all the rows of Table 1. For example, the MCS table can contain the row of the above-mentioned MCS index 0, or the MCS table can contain the row of the above-mentioned MCS index 10 to 20, or the MCS index can contain the row of the above-mentioned MCS index 0 to 31. Optionally, the position of the M target sub-code rate information of each MCS in the MCS table satisfies the following condition: according to the decoding order from low to high, the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the MCS index is sorted from small to large. Corresponding to the encoding process and the decoding process, it is embodied that the bits of the higher layer are more reliable. Optionally, the above-mentioned MCS table can also be used to indicate the target modulation order of each MCS index. The target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index can be determined according to the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index. In this way, the complexity of the MCS table can be reduced on the basis of being able to indicate the target modulation order. For example, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index can be determined according to the number of non-0 elements in the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index. For example, when one of the M target sub-code rates is non-0, the target modulation order is 2; or when two of the M target sub-code rates are non-0, the target modulation order is 4; or when three of the M target sub-code rates are non-0, the target modulation order is 6; or when four of the M target sub-code rates are non-0, the target modulation order is 8. Optionally, in the first possible design, the MCS table can further include one or more of the following: the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, or the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, etc., without limitation. It can be understood that the various parameters corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table or in multiple MCS tables, without limitation, to improve the design flexibility of the MCS table. For example, when M is equal to 4 and the MCS table includes the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index and the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index and the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table (as shown in Table 2 below). Table 2 It can be understood that the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table including part or all of the rows of Table 2, i.e., the MCS table does not necessarily include all the rows of Table 2. In another example, when M is equal to 4 and the MCS table includes the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, the target code rate corresponding to each MCS index, the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, and the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, the target code rate corresponding to each MCS index, and the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table (as shown in Table 3 below), and the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index can be located in another table (as shown in Table 1 above). This example has less impact on the standard. Table 3 It can be understood that the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table containing part or all of the rows of Table 3, that is, the MCS table does not necessarily contain all the rows of Table 3. In a second possible design, the MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, and M code rate coefficients corresponding to M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index. The MCS table retains the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, and has less changes to the standard. The M target sub-code rate information is determined according to the target code rate information and the M code rate coefficients. For example, the mth target sub-code rate information is equal to the product of the target code rate information and the mth code rate coefficient, m = 1, 2, 3, …, M. For example, the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS index is 8 (corresponding to 256-QAM modulation mode), M can be equal to 4, and the MCS table can be the MCS table shown in Table 4 below, or for example, the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS index is 10 (corresponding to 1024-QAM modulation mode), M can be equal to 5, and the MCS table can be the MCS table shown in Table 5 below: Table 4 Table 5 Wherein, R represents the target code rate, R x

[1024] represents the target code rate information, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, λ5 represents the code rate coefficient. It can be understood that the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table containing part or all of the rows of Table 4 or Table 5, that is, the MCS table does not necessarily contain all the rows of Table 4 or Table 5. Optionally, the positions of the M code rate coefficients in the MCS table satisfy the following condition: according to the decoding order from low to high, the M code rate coefficients are sorted from small to large. Corresponding to the encoding process and the decoding process, it is embodied that the higher layer bits are more reliable. Optionally, the above-mentioned MCS table can also be used to indicate the target modulation order of each MCS index. Wherein, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index can be determined according to the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index. For example, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index can be determined according to the number of non-zero elements in the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each MCS index. For details, please refer to the related description in the first possible design described above, which will not be repeated here. Optionally, in the second possible design, the MCS table can further include one or more of the following: a spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, or a target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, etc., without limitation. It can be understood that the parameters corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table, or in multiple MCS tables, without limitation. For example, when M equals 4, and the MCS table includes target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, M code rate coefficients, and a spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, as shown in Table 6, the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, the M code rate coefficients, and the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table (as shown in Table 6 below); or, for example, when M equals 5, and the MCS table includes target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, M code rate coefficients, and a spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, as shown in Table 7, the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, the M code rate coefficients, and the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table (as shown in Table 7 below). Table 6 Table 7 It can be understood that the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table including part or all of the rows of Table 6 or Table 7 above, i.e., the MCS table does not necessarily include all of the rows of Table 6 or Table 7 above. In another example, when M equals 4, and the MCS table includes a target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, a spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, and M code rate coefficients, as shown in Table 3 and Table 8, the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, and the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table (as shown in Table 3 above), and the M code rate coefficients corresponding to each MCS index can be located in another table (as shown in Table 8 below). This example has less impact on the standard. Table 8 Or, taking an example that M equals 5, and the MCS table includes target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, and M code rate coefficients, as shown in Table 9 and Table 10, target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index, target code rate corresponding to each MCS index, and spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index can be located in one MCS table (as shown in Table 9 below), and the M code rate coefficients corresponding to the MCS index can be located in another table (as shown in Table 10 below). This example has less changes to the standard. Table 9 Table 10 It can be understood that the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table containing part or all of the rows of the above Table 8 or Table 9 or Table 10, that is, the MCS table does not necessarily contain all the rows of the above Table 8 or Table 9 or Table 10. Based on the above description, the following describes in detail the step 602 of encoding and modulating the information bit sequence according to the M target sub-code rate information by the sending end device to obtain the modulation symbol sequence. Specifically, the step 602 can include the following steps: Step 1, the sending end device divides the information bit sequence with a length of K into M information bit groups according to the M target sub-code rate information. In the first possible implementation, the number of information bits included in the mth information bit group is determined according to K and a first value, and the first value is determined according to the mth target sub-code rate information and a second value, and the second value is the sum of the M target sub-code rate information. Wherein, m = 1, 2, …, M. For example, the number of information bits K included in the mth information bit group is determined according to the following formula: m It can be determined according to the following formula: Wherein, K represents the length of the information bit sequence. X m Xm represents the mth target sub-code rate information. (X1+X2+…+X M ) represents the sum of the M target sub-code rate information, that is, the second value, or the target code rate information. X m / (X1+X2+…+X M ) represents the first value. In the second possible implementation, the number of information bits included in the mth information bit group is determined according to K and the code rate coefficient corresponding to the mth target sub-code rate information. For example, the number of information bits K included in the mth information bit group is determined according to the following formula: m It can be determined according to the following formula: K m = K*λ mwherein K represents the length of the information bit sequence, λ m The mth target sub-code rate information corresponds to a code rate coefficient. Step 2, the sending end device encodes the mth information bit group to obtain a first sequence with a length of 2N; wherein m = 1, 2, …, M. wherein 2N is the mother code length. Optionally, the sending end device can encode the mth information bit group by using any one of the following encoding modes to obtain the first sequence with a length of 2N: a polar encoding mode or a low density parity-check code (LDPC) encoding mode. Optionally, the encoding modes corresponding to different information bit groups are the same; or the encoding modes corresponding to at least two information bit groups are different. Optionally, taking an example in which the encoding modes corresponding to the M information bit groups are all polar encoding modes, the sending end device can use the same reliability sequence to perform sequence construction when encoding different information bit groups, to obtain the M first sequences. Thus, the sending end device can not need to add a reliability sequence of the polar code, and the standard change is less. Optionally, taking an example in which the encoding modes corresponding to the M information bit groups are all polar encoding modes, the sending end device can use the same rate matching mode when encoding different information bit groups, for example, using a shorten rate matching mode. Alternatively, different rate matching modes can be used, for example, a puncture rate matching mode can be used at a lower level (i.e., a first decoding layer, with a lower code rate), and a shorten rate matching mode can be used at a higher level (i.e., a second decoding layer, with a higher code rate), to improve decoding performance. Optionally, taking an example in which the encoding modes corresponding to the M information bit groups include a polar encoding mode and an LDPC encoding mode, the sending end device can use the polar encoding mode at a lower level (i.e., a first decoding layer, with a lower code rate) and use the LDPC encoding mode at a higher level (i.e., a second decoding layer, with a higher code rate), to improve decoding performance. It can be understood that the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be decoupled with the encoding type, that is, the embodiments of the present application can support compatibility with different encoding schemes, and the compatibility is good. The communication method provided by the present application can be used in combination with the optimal encoding in various communication scenarios to further improve the performance. Step 3, the sending end device modulates the M first sequences according to a target modulation order corresponding to a target MCS index, to obtain a modulation symbol sequence with a length of N. Optionally, the modulation symbol can be a complex symbol, including a real part and an imaginary part. In a first possible implementation, the sending device can modulate the M first sequences according to the target modulation order corresponding to the target MCS index based on the MLC manner, to obtain a modulation symbol sequence with a length of N. As shown in FIG. 7, the sending device can determine the modulation symbol sequence with a length of N based on the target modulation order and the nth bit in each first sequence through a modulator (Mod); n = 1, 2, …, 2N. Correspondingly, for the receiving device, as shown in FIG. 7, the receiving device can demodulate and decode the received modulation symbols through a demodulator (Dem) based on parallel demodulation, to obtain a decoding result. The demodulator (Dem) demodulates the soft value v1 required by the first decoder from the channel receiving sequence y, and then the decoder-1 decodes u1 from the soft value sequence v1 corresponding to the first stream. In order to demodulate the soft value v2 corresponding to the second stream, the u1 codeword x1 needs to be input to the demodulator as known information, and then the demodulator demodulates the soft value sequence v2 corresponding to the second stream from y and x1, and inputs it to the second decoder. The second decoder decodes u2 from the soft value sequence, and then the demodulator demodulates the soft value sequence v3 corresponding to the third stream from the channel receiving sequence y and the codewords x2 and x1 corresponding to u2 and u1. In this way, the decoding result of the previous m-1 codewords x1-x m It can be seen that the MLC uses serial demodulation, which can improve the capacity and has better performance compared with parallel demodulation. For example, taking the target modulation order of 6 (corresponding to 64-QAM) as an example, the sending device can map the nth bit in each first sequence into a 64-QAM modulation symbol according to the codebook shown in Table 11 below, and each modulation symbol has two independent I / Q paths, each of which corresponds to 3 bits. Table 11 In a second possible implementation, the sending device can modulate the M first sequences according to the target modulation order corresponding to the target MCS index based on the bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) manner, to obtain a modulation symbol sequence with a length of N. The sending device can interleave (or sub-block interleave) each of the M first sequences, couple the interleaved M first sequences into a second sequence with a length of 2N*M, modulate the second sequence according to the target modulation order, and obtain N modulation symbols. Correspondingly, for the receiving end device, the receiving end device can adopt the parallel demodulation described above, simultaneously demodulate the multiple bits (I / Q two paths) corresponding to the modulation symbol to obtain multiple LLR values. And after deinterleaving according to the interleaving sequence, the deinterleaved LLR is decoded to obtain the decoding result. For example, taking the target modulation order of 6 (corresponding to 64-QAM) as an example, the sending end device can map each 6 bits in the second sequence to a 64-QAM modulation symbol according to the codebook shown in Table 12 below, and each modulation symbol is independent of the I / Q two paths, and each path corresponds to 3 bits. Table 12 Correspondingly, for the receiving end device, the receiving end device can adopt the parallel demodulation described above, simultaneously demodulate the multiple bits (I / Q two paths) corresponding to the modulation symbol to obtain multiple LLR values. And after deinterleaving according to the interleaving sequence, the deinterleaved LLR is decoded to obtain the decoding result. It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, different modulation modes can correspond to the same MCS table. Alternatively, different modulation modes can correspond to different MCS tables, or described as: for the same MCS index, different modulation modes can correspond to one or more of different M target sub-code rate information, different target code rate information, different target modulation order, or different spectral efficiency. To improve the decoding performance. For example, taking the different modulation modes corresponding to the different M target sub-code rate information and the different modulation modes corresponding to the same spectral efficiency as an example, the M target sub-code rate information and the spectral efficiency corresponding to the MLC mode can be shown in Table 2 above, and the M target sub-code rate information and the spectral efficiency corresponding to the BICM mode can be shown in Table 13 below: Table 13 It can be understood that the MCS table in the standard or implementation can be an MCS table containing part or all of the rows of Table 13 above, that is, the MCS table does not necessarily contain all the rows of Table 13 above. In addition, for the MLC mode, the MCS table designed for the MLC mode is mainly for high throughput scenarios, especially for scenarios close to short distance transmission. In this case, the channel is close to the AWGN channel, and the MCS table can have the following characteristics and functions: ① Only support high-order MCS, do not support low-order MCS options. ② The selection of the MCS table can be related to the channel coding type, segmentation and other methods, for example, a separate channel coding scheme can be designed for the MLC when the high throughput scenario is adopted, at this time, it is recommended to establish a mapping relationship between the MCS table and the coding method. That is, different coding methods can correspond to different MCS tables to improve the decoding performance. It should be noted that each of the embodiments of the present application can be implemented independently, or in combination, without limitation. If not specifically stated and there is no logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions provided in different embodiments of the present application are consistent and can be mutually referred to. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship. It can be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject can execute part or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application, and these steps or operations are only examples. The embodiments of the present application can also execute other operations or variations of various operations. In addition, each step can be executed in a different order as presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application are executed. The above mainly introduces the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between devices. It can be understood that, in order to realize the above functions, each device comprises a hardware structure and / or a software module corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the present application can be realized in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application. The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of each device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated in one processing module. The above integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or software functional module. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. Actual implementation can have another division method. In the case of dividing each functional module according to each function, FIG. 8 shows a sending end device 80 which can execute the actions performed by the sending end device in the methods shown in FIGS. 6 to 7. All related contents of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referred to the function description of the corresponding functional module, and the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be described here again. The sending device 80 can include a transceiver module 801 and a processing module 802. The sending device 80 can be a communication device, a chip or other combination device or component having the functions of the sending device, or the like. When the sending device 80 is a communication device, the transceiver module 801 can be a transceiver, which can include an antenna and a radio frequency circuit, and the like. The processing module 802 can be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor, which can include one or more CPUs. When the sending device 80 is a component having the functions of the sending device, the transceiver module 801 can be a radio frequency unit. The processing module 802 can be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor. When the sending device 80 is a chip system, the transceiver module 801 can be an input / output interface of a chip (such as a baseband chip). The processing module 802 can be a processor (or processing circuit) of the chip system, which can include one or more central processing units. It should be understood that the transceiver module 801 in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component. The processing module 802 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component (or processing circuit). For example, the transceiver module 801 can be configured to perform all the transceiving operations performed by the sending device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6-7, and / or other processes for supporting the technologies described herein. The processing module 802 can be configured to perform all the operations performed by the sending device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6-7, except for the transceiving operations, and / or other processes for supporting the technologies described herein. FIG. 9 shows a receiving device 90 that can perform the actions performed by the receiving device in the methods described above with reference to FIGS. 6-7. All related content of the steps in the method embodiments described above can be incorporated into the functional description of the corresponding functional modules, and the technical effects that can be achieved can be referred to the method embodiments described above, which will not be described here again. The receiving end device 90 can include a transceiver module 901 and a processing module 902. For example, the receiving end device 90 can be a communication device, or a chip or other combination device or component applied in the communication device and having the functions of the receiving end device, etc. When the receiving end device 90 is a communication device, the transceiver module 901 can be a transceiver, which can include an antenna and a radio frequency circuit, etc. The processing module 902 can be a processor (or processing circuit), for example, a baseband processor, which can include one or more CPUs. When the receiving end device 90 is a component having the functions of the receiving end device, the transceiver module 901 can be a radio frequency unit. The processing module 902 can be a processor (or processing circuit), for example, a baseband processor. When the receiving end device 90 is a chip system, the transceiver module 901 can be an input / output interface of a chip (for example, a baseband chip). The processing module 902 can be a processor (or processing circuit) of the chip system, which can include one or more central processing units. It should be understood that the transceiver module 901 in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component. The processing module 902 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component (or processing circuit). For example, the transceiver module 901 can be configured to perform all the transceiving operations performed by the receiving end device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6-7, and / or other processes for supporting the technologies described herein. The processing module 902 can be configured to perform all the operations performed by the receiving end device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6-7, except the transceiving operations, and / or other processes for supporting the technologies described herein. As another implementation manner, the transceiver module 801 in FIG. 8 can be replaced by a transceiver which can integrate the functions of the transceiver module 801. The processing module 802 can be replaced by a processor which can integrate the functions of the processing module 802. Further, the sending end device 80 shown in FIG. 8 can further include a memory. Alternatively, the transceiver module 901 in FIG. 9 can be replaced by a transceiver which can integrate the functions of the transceiver module 901. The processing module 902 can be replaced by a processor which can integrate the functions of the processing module 902. Further, the receiving end device 90 shown in FIG. 9 can further include a memory. Alternatively, when the processing module 802 is replaced by a processor and the transceiver module 801 is replaced by a transceiver, the sending end device 80 involved in the embodiments of the present application can also be a communication apparatus 100 as shown in FIG. 10. Alternatively, when the processing module 902 is replaced by a processor and the transceiver module 901 is replaced by a transceiver, the receiving end device 90 involved in the embodiments of the present application can also be a communication apparatus 100 as shown in FIG. 10. The processor can be a logic circuit 1001, and the transceiver can be an interface circuit 1002. Further, the communication device 100 shown in FIG. 10 can further include a memory 1003. The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, which can realize the functions of any of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executed by a computer. The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program, which can realize the functions of any of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executed by a computer. The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium. All or part of the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be instructed by a computer program to relevant hardware to complete, and the program can be stored in the above-mentioned computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the program can include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the terminal (including the data sending terminal and / or the data receiving terminal) of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, such as a hard disk or a memory of the terminal. The above-mentioned computer readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the terminal, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. Further, the above-mentioned computer readable storage medium can include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the terminal. The above-mentioned computer readable storage medium is used to store the above-mentioned computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal. The above-mentioned computer readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output. It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" and the like in the specification of the present application, claims, and drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a specific order. "First", "second" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product, or device. It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more. "Multiple" refers to two or more. "At least two" refers to two or three and three or more. "And / or", used to describe the association between the associated objects, means that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean that there are three cases: only A, only B, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. "When" and "if" both mean that under certain objective circumstances, the corresponding processing will be done, not limited to time, and does not require a judgment action when implemented. Also, it does not mean that there are other limitations. In the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example or illustration. Any embodiment or design presented as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding. In the present application, "sending information to (a terminal device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being the terminal device. It can include direct or indirect sending of information to the terminal device. "Receiving information from (a terminal device)" can be understood as the source of the information being the terminal device, and can include direct or indirect receiving of information from the terminal device. The information may Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the above division of functional modules is taken as an example for illustration. In actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented by other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another apparatus, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units or components shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, apparatuses or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms. The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can be one physical unit or a plurality of physical units, that is, can be located in one place or can be distributed to a plurality of different places. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme. In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit. The integrated unit, if realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or all or part of the technical scheme. The software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing an apparatus (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk and various program code storage media.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, determine M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the target MCS index; wherein, the MCS table is used to indicate one or more MCS indices, and the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each of the one or more MCS indices; the one or more MCS indices include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1; Based on the M target sub-code rate information, the information bit sequence is encoded and modulated to obtain the modulation symbol sequence; Output the modulation symbol sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, and M target sub-rate information corresponding to each MCS index; or The MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, target bitrate information corresponding to each MCS index, and M bitrate coefficients corresponding to M target sub-bitrate information for each MCS index; the M target sub-bitrate information is determined based on the target bitrate information and the M bitrate coefficients.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The M is associated with the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, M equals Q / 2; or, M equals Q; Q is the maximum modulation order.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The MCS table includes the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index; or The target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index is determined based on the M target sub-code rates corresponding to each MCS index.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When one of the M target sub-code rates is non-zero, the target modulation order is 2; or When two of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 4; or When three of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 6; or When four of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 8.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The MCS table may also include one or more of the following: the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, or the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The step of encoding and modulating the information bit sequence according to the M target sub-code rates to obtain a modulation symbol sequence includes: Based on the M target sub-code rate information, the information bit sequence of length K is divided into M information bit groups; Encode the m-th information bit group to obtain the m-th first sequence of length 2N; where m = 1, 2, ..., M; Based on the target modulation order corresponding to the target MCS index, the M first sequences are modulated to obtain the modulation symbol sequence of length N.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of information bits included in the m-th information bit group is determined according to K and a first value, wherein the first value is determined according to the m-th target sub-code rate information and a second value, and the second value is the sum of the M target sub-code rate information; or The number of information bits included in the m-th information bit group is determined according to the rate coefficient corresponding to K and the m-th target sub-rate information.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The process of encoding the m-th information bit group to obtain the m-th first sequence of length 2N includes: The m-th information bit group is encoded using any of the following encoding methods to obtain the m-th first sequence of length 2N: polarization encoding or low-density parity-check code (LDPC) encoding.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Different groups of information bits correspond to the same encoding method; or There are at least two groups of information bits that have different encoding methods.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Different encoding methods correspond to different MCS tables.

13. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive information to be decoded from the transmitting device; wherein the information to be decoded corresponds to an information bit sequence; Based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, determine M target sub-code rate information corresponding to the target MCS index; wherein, the MCS table is used to indicate one or more MCS indices, and the M target sub-code rate information corresponding to each of the one or more MCS indices; the one or more MCS indices include the target MCS index; the target sub-code rate information is equal to or greater than 0; and M is an integer greater than 1; The information to be decoded is decoded based on the M target sub-code rate information.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, and M target sub-rate information corresponding to each MCS index; or The MCS table includes one or more MCS indexes, target bitrate information corresponding to each MCS index, and M bitrate coefficients corresponding to M target sub-bitrate information for each MCS index; the M target sub-bitrate information is determined based on the target bitrate information and the M bitrate coefficients.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The M is associated with the maximum modulation order supported by the MCS table.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, M equals Q / 2; or, M equals Q; Q is the maximum modulation order.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13-16, characterized in that, The MCS table includes the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index; or The target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index is determined based on the M target sub-code rates corresponding to each MCS index.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, When one of the M target sub-code rates is non-zero, the target modulation order is 2; or When two of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 4; or When three of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 6; or When four of the M target sub-code rates are non-zero, the target modulation order is 8.

19. The method according to any one of claims 13-18, characterized in that, The MCS table may also include one or more of the following: the spectral efficiency corresponding to each MCS index, the target code rate information corresponding to each MCS index, or the target modulation order corresponding to each MCS index.

20. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions that cause the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-12 to be executed, or cause the communication method as described in any one of claims 13-19 to be executed.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes an interface circuit and a logic circuit; the interface circuit is used to input and / or output information; the logic circuit is used to execute the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-12, or to execute the communication method as described in any one of claims 13-19, and to process and / or generate the information based on the information.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs that, when executed on a computer, cause the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-12 to be executed, or cause the communication method as described in any one of claims 13-19 to be executed.

23. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions; when some or all of the computer instructions are executed on a computer, they cause the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-12 to be executed, or cause the communication method as described in any one of claims 13-19 to be executed.

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