Broadcast signal transmission device using multiple transmission antennas, and method using same

Abstract

A broadcast signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a subframe signal generation unit that outputs a first polarization signal corresponding to a first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to a second polarization; and a transmission signal generation unit that generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal and generates a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal.

Description

Broadcast signal transmission device using multiple transmitting antennas and method using the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a broadcast signal transmission / reception system, and more particularly, to a broadcast signal transmission / reception technology using MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output).

[0002] To address the growing demand for ultra-high-definition broadcasting services, efficient use of frequency resources, and the integration of services requiring diverse regions and reception environments, technologies and standards for next-generation terrestrial broadcasting systems have recently been introduced. However, the growing demand for higher resolutions, hyper-realistic media such as AR (Artificial Reality) and VR (Virtual Reality), and additional data for enhanced user experiences, coupled with the lack of idle frequency resources due to the simultaneous provision of existing broadcasting services, necessitates further improvements in the transmission rates of terrestrial broadcasting systems.

[0003] The latest terrestrial digital broadcasting standards, such as ATSC 3.0, have attempted to overcome the transmission capacity limitations of a single broadcast frequency by applying multiple antenna technologies such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), and have adopted layered division multiplexing technology in addition to TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) or FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) to support multiple services simultaneously.

[0004] MIMO used in ATSC 3.0 is a technology that increases transmission capacity by transmitting two data streams on a single RF (Radio Frequency) channel using orthogonal polarization antennas. At this time, the orthogonal polarization antennas are composed of two antennas whose polarizations are orthogonal to each other, and it takes into account the environment in which both vertical polarization antennas and horizontal polarization antennas are installed at the transmitter and receiver. This type of MIMO is called 2X2 cross-polarized MIMO. At this time, each polarization antenna can be referred to as antenna #1 (ANT 1) and antenna #2 (ANT 2), and in this case, antenna #1 can be a vertical polarization antenna and antenna #2 a horizontal polarization antenna, or conversely, antenna #1 can be a horizontal polarization antenna and antenna #2 a vertical polarization antenna.

[0005] Hierarchical division multiplexing is somewhat more complex than TDM and FDM, but it offers a high level of flexibility and improved system performance.

[0006] Layered division multiplexing (LDM) refers to a system that combines multiple layers into a single transmission layer. In its simplest form, a system with two layers—a core layer and an enhanced layer—is considered. The core layer typically refers to a layer with higher reception robustness than the enhanced layer. In the ATSC 3.0 standard, the transmit power allocated to the core layer is significantly greater than that allocated to the enhanced layer, inducing the receiver to prioritize decoding of the core layer.

[0007] The power ratio of the enhanced layer to the core layer is called the injection level, and the injection level information is transmitted to the receiver through L1 signaling.

[0008] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0132525 proposes a structure that combines MIMO and layered division multiplexing (LDM) technology for broadcast signal transmission and reception. Specifically, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0132525 discloses two structures: one in which MIMO is applied to both the core and enhanced layers, and one in which MIMO is applied to only one of the core or enhanced layers.

[0009] When MIMO is applied to a broadcast signal transmission / reception system, the receiver must be equipped with two antennas (a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna) to fully restore the transmitted MIMO signal, and a conventional single-antenna receiver cannot receive a signal transmitted using the MIMO method. In other words, since MIMO separates a single service into two different streams and then transmits the separated streams to each antenna, a single-antenna receiver cannot restore the original service.

[0010] Therefore, when configuring LDM multiplexing including MIMO transmission signals, compatibility with existing single-antenna receivers must be considered.

[0011] If there is no need to ensure compatibility with existing single-antenna receivers, MIMO can be applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer when applying LDM and MIMO technologies together.

[0012] However, when LDM and MIMO technologies are used together while ensuring compatibility with existing single-antenna receivers, the core layer can use SISO (Single Input Single Output) and the enhanced layer can use MIMO. In this case, SISO may not separate a single service into multiple streams and transmit them independently. Even when two antennas transmit the same signal, it can still be considered SISO.

[0013] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2023-0130564 discloses an LDM and MIMO combined structure in which SISO is applied to the core layer and MIMO is applied to the enhanced layer. In the structure disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2023-0130564, a SISO transmission signal is generated for the core layer, and a MIMO transmission signal is generated for the enhanced layer. At this time, the SISO receiver does not consider the MIMO signal (considering it as noise) and restores the core layer signal, and the MIMO receiver first restores the SISO signal (core layer signal) and then removes it from the received signal, and then restores the received signal from which the SISO signal has been removed using the MIMO method.

[0014] Furthermore, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2023-0072598 discloses signaling information indicating whether MIMO technology is applied to the enhanced layer. However, the disclosure in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2023-0072598 alone cannot efficiently determine, within the same framework, whether compatibility with existing single antennas is not required and whether compatibility with existing single antennas is required.

[0015] An object of the present invention is to efficiently signal whether MIMO is used on a per-physical layer pipe basis when a SISO (Single Input Single Output) physical layer pipe and a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) physical layer pipe are used together within a single subframe.

[0016] In addition, an object of the present invention is to efficiently signal whether MIMO is used on a physical layer pipe basis when hierarchical division multiplexing and MIMO technology are used together.

[0017] Additionally, it is an object of the present invention to minimize the data used to signal whether MIMO is used on a per physical layer pipe basis when hierarchical division multiplexing and MIMO technology are used together.

[0018] In addition, an object of the present invention is to efficiently signal MIMO precoding parameters (signaling fields) in a situation where physical layer pipe(s) using MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) not using MIMO are mixed in one subframe.

[0019] Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to accurately signal the operation type of layered MIMO with minimal information while providing compatibility with existing broadcast systems when layered division multiplexing and MIMO technology are used together.

[0020] In order to achieve the above object, a broadcast signal transmission device according to the present invention includes a subframe signal generation unit that outputs a first polarization signal corresponding to a first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to a second polarization; and a transmission signal generation unit that generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal and a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal. At this time, at least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may include a preamble. At this time, the preamble may include a signaling field that indicates whether MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is used for a given physical layer pipe when a preset condition is satisfied.

[0021] At this time, the preamble may include multiple signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO.

[0022] At this time, the type of layered MIMO may be either a first type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both a core layer and an enhanced layer, or a second type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0023] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the first type layered MIMO, the at least one core layer signal is a core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signal, the first polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the second polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0024] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the second type layered MIMO, the first polarization signal is generated by hierarchically multiplexing the at least one core layer signal and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the other of the enhanced layer MIMO signals can be output as the second polarization signal.

[0025] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and a second 1-bit field indicating whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

[0026] At this time, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field.

[0027] At this time, the above-described preset condition may be a condition set based on the second 1-bit field.

[0028] At this time, a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe may be included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

[0029] At this time, the preamble may include three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, if the preset condition is satisfied and the signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

[0030] At this time, when hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, the first 1-bit field may be set to 1 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, and the first 1-bit field may be set to 0 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 1 to indicate the second type layered MIMO.

[0031] At this time, the setting of the second 1-bit field to 1 may be mutually exclusive with the setting of the first 1-bit field to 1.

[0032] At this time, the first type layered MIMO may correspond to all physical layer pipes within a subframe using MIMO, and the second type layered MIMO may correspond to at least one SISO physical layer pipe and at least one MIMO physical layer pipe existing together in a subframe.

[0033] In addition, a broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: outputting a first polarization signal corresponding to a first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to a second polarization; and generating a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal and generating a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal. At this time, at least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may include a preamble. At this time, the preamble may include a signaling field indicating whether MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is used for a given physical layer pipe if a preset condition is satisfied.

[0034] At this time, the preamble may include multiple signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO.

[0035] At this time, the type of layered MIMO may be either a first type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both a core layer and an enhanced layer, or a second type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0036] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the first type layered MIMO, the at least one core layer signal is a core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signal, the first polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the second polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0037] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the second type layered MIMO, the first polarization signal is generated by hierarchically multiplexing the at least one core layer signal and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the other of the enhanced layer MIMO signals can be output as the second polarization signal.

[0038] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and a second 1-bit field indicating whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

[0039] At this time, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field.

[0040] At this time, the above-described preset condition may be a condition set based on the second 1-bit field.

[0041] At this time, a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe may be included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

[0042] At this time, the preamble may include three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, if the preset condition is satisfied and the signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

[0043] At this time, when hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, the first 1-bit field may be set to 1 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, and the first 1-bit field may be set to 0 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 1 to indicate the second type layered MIMO.

[0044] At this time, the setting of the second 1-bit field to 1 may be mutually exclusive with the setting of the first 1-bit field to 1.

[0045] At this time, the first type layered MIMO may correspond to all physical layer pipes within a subframe using MIMO, and the second type layered MIMO may correspond to at least one SISO physical layer pipe and at least one MIMO physical layer pipe existing together in a subframe.

[0046] In addition, a method for receiving a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: receiving a broadcast signal including a preamble; restoring a plurality of signaling fields for identifying a type of layered MIMO included in the preamble; and restoring data based on the signaling fields. In this case, the preamble may include a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe if a preset condition is satisfied.

[0047] According to the present invention, when a SISO physical layer pipe and a MIMO physical layer pipe are used together within one subframe, whether MIMO is used can be efficiently signaled on a per physical layer pipe basis.

[0048] According to the present invention, when hierarchical division multiplexing and MIMO technology are used together, whether MIMO is used can be efficiently signaled on a physical layer pipe basis.

[0049] In addition, the present invention can minimize data used to signal whether MIMO is used per physical layer pipe when hierarchical division multiplexing and MIMO technology are used together.

[0050] In addition, the present invention can efficiently signal MIMO precoding parameters (signaling fields) in a situation where physical layer pipe(s) using MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) not using MIMO are mixed in one subframe.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention can accurately signal the operation type of layered MIMO with minimal information while providing compatibility with existing broadcasting systems when layered division multiplexing and MIMO technology are used together.

[0052] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device corresponding to the first type layered MIMO according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device corresponding to the second type layered MIMO according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the LDM coupling unit illustrated in Fig. 2.

[0056] Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the LDM coupling unit illustrated in Fig. 3.

[0057] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of a SISO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to SP3_2.

[0058] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a Walsh-Hadamard encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2.

[0059] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a null pilot encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2.

[0060] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a transmission signal configuration when a SISO signal is transmitted only through one of two MIMO antennas.

[0061] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a transmission signal configuration when a SISO signal is transmitted through both MIMO antennas.

[0062] Figure 11 is a diagram comparing a SISO distributed pilot pattern and a MIMO distributed pilot pattern.

[0063] Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device using multiple transmission antennas and hierarchical division multiplexing.

[0064] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a physical layer frame of a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating broadcast signal frames transmitted through two MIMO antennas according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which, in a SISO subframe section, a SISO signal is transmitted only in the first polarization and the second polarization is deactivated in that section.

[0067] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example in which a SISO signal is transmitted through both the first polarization and the second polarization in a SISO subframe section.

[0068] FIGS. 17 and 18 are diagrams showing examples of broadcast signal frames transmitted through two polarizations when layered MIMO is applied.

[0069] FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example in which two or more subframes using SISO, MIMO, and layered MIMO methods are TDM.

[0070] FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a broadcast signal frame including a second type layered MIMO subframe transmitted with two polarizations.

[0071] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a broadcast signal frame including a first type layered MIMO subframe transmitted with two polarizations.

[0072] Figure 22 is a flowchart illustrating a broadcast signal transmission method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 23 is a flowchart illustrating a broadcast signal receiving method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 24 is a block diagram showing a computer system configuration according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Herein, repetitive descriptions, well-known functions that may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, and detailed descriptions of configurations will be omitted. The embodiments of the present invention are provided to more fully explain the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, the shapes and sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity.

[0076] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0077] When configuring LDM multiplexing, including MIMO transmission signals, SISO can be applied to the core layer and MIMO can be applied only to the enhanced layer, considering compatibility with existing single-antenna receivers. Alternatively, if compatibility with existing single-antenna receivers is not a consideration, MIMO can be applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer.

[0078] At this time, the type (operation type) of layered MIMO may be either a first type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer, or a second type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0079] In particular, in the case of the second type layered MIMO, the SISO signal (LEGACY SERVICE) of the core layer is transmitted only through one (VERTICAL) of the two MIMO antennas (VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL), and the other MIMO antenna (HORIZONTAL) may not transmit the core layer signal. In addition, in the case of the second type layered MIMO, the two MIMO antennas (VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL) may transmit the SISO signal (LEGACY SERVICE) of the same core layer in the core layer, and may transmit two MIMO signals (STREAM 1, STREAM 2) respectively in the enhanced layer.

[0080] That is, the SISO signal transmitted to the core layer may be transmitted through only one antenna, or the SISO signal transmitted to the core layer may be transmitted through both antennas.

[0081] When LDM and MIMO technologies are used together in this combined form of SISO and MIMO, backward compatibility with existing SISO receivers must be guaranteed, so L1 signaling must be applicable to both SISO and MIMO receivers. Therefore, from the perspective of existing SISO receivers, L1 signaling fields must be transmitted in the same manner as in the existing SISO transmission method to ensure normal operation of the SISO receiver.

[0082] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Referring to FIG. 1, a broadcast signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes input formatting units (111, 121), BICM (Bit-Interleaver Coded Modulation) units (112, 122), a MIMO precoder (120), an LDM combining unit (130), and a transmission signal generating unit (140).

[0084] Layered MIMO, a combination of Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM) and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), increases spectral efficiency by combining two different multiplexing gains from independent domains: the LDM gain from spectral reuse and the MIMO gain from spatial multiplexing. Layered MIMO, as an extension of MIMO technology, may be a multiplexing technology specialized for multiplexing scenarios of multiple physical layer pipes, including one or more MIMO physical layer pipes.

[0085] At this time, the layered MIMO system can be limited to a two-layer LDM with a MIMO-encoded enhanced layer. At this time, the core layer can be applied with either SISO or MIMO. Ultimately, depending on the form of the core layer, two types of layered MIMO can be defined.

[0086] That is, a first type layered MIMO can be defined in which both the core layer and enhanced layer physical layer pipes use MIMO, and a second type layered MIMO can be defined in which the core layer physical layer pipe(s) use SISO and the enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s) use MIMO.

[0087] At this time, the MIMO processing of layered MIMO can use a 2x2 cross-polarized antenna system. There may be at least two effective antenna units at the transmitter location, and the antenna requirements of the receiver may vary depending on the signals intended to be received. If a service transmitted by a MIMO Physical Layer Pipe (PLP) is to be received, the receiver may need to include a cross-polar pair of antennas or more. If a service transmitted by a Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) is to be received, the receiver can operate with a single antenna or a diversity antenna set.

[0088] At this time, a receiver capable of decoding MIMO PLP can also support SISO decoding.

[0089] At this time, when the second type layered MIMO is applied, compatibility with the MIMO operation can determine the receiver's ability to decode each signal layer.

[0090] The input formatting unit (111) generates packetized data (baseband packets) in units of processing blocks of the transmission system. At this time, the transmission system can classify packets to which the same BICM (Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation) and transmission signal generation parameters are applied and define them as the same PLP (Physical Layer Pipe).

[0091] The BICM unit (112) can generate at least one core layer signal. At this time, the BICM unit (112) can include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a symbol mapping unit. At this time, the FEC unit can apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames (FEC packets), which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit can perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the symbol mapping unit can generate data cells for transmitting output to be transmitted through an antenna for the output bit string of the BIL unit, and output them as core layer signals.

[0092] According to an embodiment, the BICM unit (112) may generate core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals. At this time, the BICM unit (112) may include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) MAP (mapping) unit. At this time, the FEC unit may apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames, which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or may be a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit may perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the MIMO MAP unit may generate data cells for transmitting output to each of the multiple antennas with respect to the output bit string of the BIL unit. To this end, the MIMO MAP unit can be composed of two sub-blocks: a demultiplexer unit and a bit-to-IQ mapping unit. At this time, the demultiplexer unit can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert the input bit stream into data cells. At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group can be different according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. The bit-to-IQ mapping unit maps the output of the demultiplexer unit to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna output, and generates data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group can be mapped to data cells for a first antenna (first polarization), and odd-numbered bits can be mapped to data cells for a second antenna (second polarization).At this time, the grouping of each bit in the MIMO MAP section or the constellation mapping of the bits utilizing the same can be performed using various methods not illustrated. At this time, the first polarization can be vertical polarization, and the second polarization can be horizontal polarization.

[0093] Here, polarization can be the orientation of the electric field vector of a radiated electromagnetic wave with respect to the horizon as seen from the antenna. In other words, polarization can describe the orientation of the wave emitted from. This orientation can be planar or circular.

[0094] Hereinafter, the first antenna may be replaced with the first polarization, and the second antenna may be replaced with the second polarization.

[0095] In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the input formatting unit (111) and the BICM unit (112) may correspond to a core layer signal generation unit that generates at least one core layer signal corresponding to a core layer. In particular, when at least one core layer signal is a core layer MIMO signal, a portion of the input formatting unit (111), the BICM unit (112), and the MIMO precoder (120) related to the core layer may correspond to the core layer generation unit.

[0096] The input formatting unit (121) generates packetized data (baseband packets) in units of processing blocks of the transmission system. At this time, the transmission system can classify packets to which the same BICM (Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation) and transmission signal generation parameters are applied and define them as the same PLP (Physical Layer Pipe).

[0097] The BICM unit (122) may include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) MAP (mapping) unit. At this time, the FEC unit may apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames, which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or may be a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit may perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the MIMO MAP unit may generate data cells for transmitting output to each of the multiple antennas for the output bit string of the BIL unit. For this purpose, the MIMO MAP unit may be composed of two detailed blocks, a demultiplexer unit and a bit to IQ mapping unit. At this time, the demultiplexer unit can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert the input bit stream into data cells. At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group may be different depending on the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. The bit-to-IQ mapping unit maps the output of the demultiplexer unit to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna output, and generates data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group can be mapped to data cells for the first antenna (first polarization), and odd-numbered bits can be mapped to data cells for the second antenna (second polarization). At this time, the grouping of each bit in the MIMO MAP unit or the constellation mapping of the bits using the same can be performed using various methods not illustrated. At this time, the first polarization can be vertical polarization, and the second polarization can be horizontal polarization.

[0098] In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the input formatting unit (121) and the BICM unit (122) may correspond to an enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit that generates enhanced layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals corresponding to the enhanced layer. In particular, when MIMO precoding is performed, the input formatting unit (121), the BICM unit (122), and a portion of the MIMO precoder (120) associated with the enhanced layer may correspond to the enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit.

[0099] The MIMO precoder (120) may be activated or deactivated. In particular, when the first type layered MIMO is applied, MIMO precoding may be applied to the core layer and enhanced layer physical layer pipes. When the second type layered MIMO is applied, MIMO precoding may be applied only to the enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s). To reduce receiver complexity, when the first type layered MIMO is applied, the enhanced layer physical layer pipe may be required to have the same I / Q polarization interleaving and phase hopping parameters as the associated core layer physical layer pipe. This means that if the core layer physical layer pipe has I / Q polarization enabled, the associated enhanced layer physical layer pipe must also have I / Q polarization enabled. Of course, the opposite is also true, and the same method can be applied to phase hopping.

[0100] At this time, the MIMO precoder (120) may include a stream combiner, an IQ polarization interleaving unit, and a phase hopping unit. At this time, the stream combiner may perform stream combining. That is, the stream combiner may combine two data cells inputted into the input and output them. At this time, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may perform IQ polarization interleaving. That is, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may exchange the quadrature components of two data cells inputted into the input and output them. At this time, the phase hopping unit may perform phase hopping. That is, the phase hopping unit may change the phase of the data cells inputted into the input and output them. At this time, all three sub-blocks may be activated and operated, all may be deactivated and operated, or only some of the blocks may be activated and operated. In addition, each sub-block may output different signals or the same signals depending on the channel coding rate and modulation order applied to the data cells input to each sub-block. The MIMO precoder (120) illustrated in Fig. 1 may output two data cells to be output through the first antenna (first polarization) and the second antenna (second polarization) for each of the core layer and the enhanced layer.

[0101] The LDM coupling unit (130) performs hierarchical division multiplexing corresponding to the core layer and the enhanced layer to output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization.

[0102] When the BICM unit (112) outputs core layer MIMO signals, a first polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and a second polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0103] When the BICM unit (112) outputs one core layer signal corresponding to SISO, the first polarization signal is generated by hierarchically multiplexing at least one core layer signal and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the other of the enhanced layer MIMO signals can be output as the second polarization signal.

[0104] The transmission signal generation unit (140) generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal, and generates a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal.

[0105] The transmission signal generation unit (140) includes framing & interleaving units (141, 142) and waveform generators (145, 146).

[0106] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (141) on the first polarization signal output through the LDM coupling unit (130). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (141) is input to the waveform generator (145) and output to the first antenna as the first polarization transmission signal.

[0107] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (142) on the second polarization signal output through the LDM coupling unit (130). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (142) is input to the waveform generator (146) and output to the second antenna as the second polarization transmission signal.

[0108] The framing & interleaving units (141, 142) illustrated in Fig. 1 can generate signals corresponding to frames to be transmitted via antennas using data cells inputted as inputs, respectively. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (141, 142) may or may not activate and perform time interleaving for each input data cell. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (141, 142) may perform framing for configuring preamble symbols and subframes for each data cell. At this time, the preamble symbol may not include a data cell. At this time, frequency interleaving may or may not be activated and applied.

[0109] At this time, at least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may include a preamble, and the preamble may include a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe when a preset condition is satisfied.

[0110] At this time, the preamble may include multiple signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO.

[0111] At this time, the type of the layered MIMO may be either a first type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer, or a second type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0112] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the first type layered MIMO, the at least one core layer signal is a core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signal, the first polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the second polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0113] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the second type layered MIMO, the first polarization signal is generated by hierarchically multiplexing the at least one core layer signal and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the other of the enhanced layer MIMO signals can be output as the second polarization signal.

[0114] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and a second 1-bit field indicating whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

[0115] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field set to 0 if the subframe includes a physical layer pipe to which MIMO processing is not applied, and a second 1-bit field set to 1 if LDM is applied to the subframe and MIMO is used only in the enhanced layer and not in the core layer.

[0116] At this time, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field.

[0117] At this time, the above-described preset condition may be a condition set based on the second 1-bit field.

[0118] At this time, a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe may be included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

[0119] At this time, the preamble may include three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, if the preset condition is satisfied and the signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

[0120] At this time, when hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, the first 1-bit field may be set to 1 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, and the first 1-bit field may be set to 0 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 1 to indicate the second type layered MIMO.

[0121] At this time, the setting of the second 1-bit field to 1 may be mutually exclusive with the setting of the first 1-bit field to 1.

[0122] At this time, the first type layered MIMO may correspond to all physical layer pipes within a subframe using MIMO, and the second type layered MIMO may correspond to at least one SISO physical layer pipe and at least one MIMO physical layer pipe existing together in a subframe.

[0123] Depending on the embodiment, the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may each include a preamble, but only one of them may include a preamble.

[0124] If the first polarization transmission signal includes a first preamble and the second polarization transmission signal includes a second preamble, the first preamble and the second preamble may each include a 1-bit L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding field set to 0. Furthermore, the first preamble and the second preamble may include the same L1 signaling information.

[0125] If only one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal includes a preamble, this preamble can be applied not only to the polarization (antenna) transmitting the preamble but also to the other polarization (antenna). For example, if only the first polarization transmission signal includes a preamble, the signaling fields included in this preamble can be used by both the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0126] The grouped data cells, which are outputs of the framing & interleaving units (141, 142), are input to the waveform generators (145, 146). At this time, the waveform generators (145, 146) can each perform an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) after pilot insertion and insert a guard interval symbol. In addition, the waveform generators (145, 146) can each generate a bootstrap symbol and output it by positioning it at the very beginning of the transmission frame.

[0127] In particular, when the second type layered MIMO is applied, the waveform generator (146) can apply power scaling for the second polarization in the IFFT stage according to an injection level corresponding to the second polarization (which may be the same as the injection level corresponding to the first polarization). At this time, the power of the second polarization transmission signal may be lower than the power of the first polarization transmission signal.

[0128] Information about the scattered pilots inserted through the waveform generators (145, 146) may be included in the preamble generated by the framing & interleaving units (141, 142).

[0129] In the example illustrated in Figure 1, the dotted arrows may represent signal flows related only to the first type layered MIMO.

[0130] Blocks indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 and other drawings that do not include other blocks may be components that can be disabled.

[0131] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device corresponding to the first type layered MIMO according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0132] Figure 2 shows an example of a transmitter configuration in which a MIMO signal is transmitted through both a core layer and an enhanced layer.

[0133] Referring to FIG. 2, a broadcast signal transmission device corresponding to a first type layered MIMO according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a core layer MIMO signal generation unit (210), an enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (220), an LDM combining unit (230), and a transmission signal generation unit (240).

[0134] The core layer MIMO signal generation unit (210) generates core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals.

[0135] The core layer MIMO signal generation unit (210) includes an input formatting unit (211), a core layer BICM unit (212), and a MIMO precoder (213).

[0136] The input formatting unit (211) generates packetized data (baseband packets) in units of processing blocks of the transmission system. At this time, the transmission system can classify packets to which the same BICM (Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation) and transmission signal generation parameters are applied and define them as the same PLP (Physical Layer Pipe).

[0137] The core layer BICM unit (212) may include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) MAP (mapping) unit. At this time, the FEC unit may apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames, which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or may be a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit may perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the MIMO MAP unit may generate data cells for transmitting output to each of the multiple antennas for the output bit string of the BIL unit. For this purpose, the MIMO MAP unit may be composed of two detailed blocks, a demultiplexer unit and a bit to IQ mapping unit. At this time, the demultiplexer unit can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert the input bit stream into data cells. At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group may be different depending on the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. The bit-to-IQ mapping unit maps the output of the demultiplexer unit to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna output, and generates data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group can be mapped to data cells for the first antenna (first polarization), and odd-numbered bits can be mapped to data cells for the second antenna (second polarization). At this time, the grouping of each bit in the MIMO MAP unit or the constellation mapping of the bits using the same can be performed using various methods not illustrated. At this time, the first polarization can be vertical polarization, and the second polarization can be horizontal polarization.

[0138] Here, polarization can be the orientation of the electric field vector of a radiated electromagnetic wave with respect to the horizon as seen from the antenna. In other words, polarization can describe the orientation of the wave emitted from. This orientation can be planar or circular.

[0139] Hereinafter, the first antenna may be replaced with the first polarization, and the second antenna may be replaced with the second polarization.

[0140] Two groups of data cells are input to the MIMO precoder (213).

[0141] At this time, the MIMO precoder (213) may include a streaming combiner, an IQ polarization interleaving unit, and a phase hopping unit. At this time, the stream combiner may combine two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may exchange the quadrature components of the two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the phase hopping unit may change the phase of the data cells inputted and output them. At this time, all three sub-blocks may be activated and operated, all may be deactivated and operated, or only some of the blocks may be activated and operated. In addition, each sub-block may output a different signal or the same signal depending on the channel coding rate and modulation order applied to the data cells inputted to each sub-block. The MIMO precoder (213) illustrated in FIG. 2 can output two data cells to be output through the first antenna (first polarization) and the second antenna (second polarization).

[0142] The enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (220) generates enhanced layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals.

[0143] The enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (220) includes an input formatting unit (221), an enhanced layer BICM unit (222), and a MIMO precoder (223).

[0144] The input formatting unit (221) generates packetized data (baseband packets) in units of processing blocks of the transmission system. At this time, the transmission system can classify packets to which the same BICM (Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation) and transmission signal generation parameters are applied and define them as the same PLP (Physical Layer Pipe).

[0145] The enhanced layer BICM unit (222) may include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) MAP (mapping) unit. At this time, the FEC unit may apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames, which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or may be a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit may perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the MIMO MAP unit may generate data cells for transmitting the output to each of the multiple antennas for the output bit string of the BIL unit. For this purpose, the MIMO MAP unit may be composed of two detailed blocks: a demultiplexer unit and a bit to IQ mapping unit. At this time, the demultiplexer unit can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert the input bit stream into data cells. At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group may be different depending on the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. The bit-to-IQ mapping unit maps the output of the demultiplexer unit to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna output, and generates data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group can be mapped to data cells for the first antenna (first polarization), and odd-numbered bits can be mapped to data cells for the second antenna (second polarization). At this time, the grouping of each bit in the MIMO MAP unit or the constellation mapping of the bits using the same can be performed using various methods not illustrated. At this time, the first polarization can be vertical polarization, and the second polarization can be horizontal polarization.

[0146] Two groups of data cells are input to the MIMO precoder (223).

[0147] At this time, the MIMO precoder (223) may include a streaming combiner, an IQ polarization interleaving unit, and a phase hopping unit. At this time, the stream combiner may combine two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may exchange the quadrature components of the two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the phase hopping unit may change the phase of the data cells inputted and output them. At this time, all three sub-blocks may be activated and operated, all may be deactivated and operated, or only some of the blocks may be activated and operated. In addition, each sub-block may output a different signal or the same signal depending on the channel coding rate and modulation order applied to the data cells inputted to each sub-block. The MIMO precoder (223) illustrated in FIG. 2 can output two data cells to be output through the first antenna (first polarization) and the second antenna (second polarization).

[0148] The LDM coupling unit (230) performs layered division multiplexing corresponding to the core layer and the enhanced layer to output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization.

[0149] In the example of FIG. 2, the LDM combiner (230) hierarchically multiplexes one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals to output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization (first antenna), and hierarchically multiplexes another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals to output a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization (second antenna).

[0150] The transmission signal generation unit (240) generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal, and generates a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal.

[0151] The transmission signal generation unit (240) includes framing & interleaving units (241, 242) and waveform generators (245, 246).

[0152] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (241) on the first polarization signal output through the LDM combining unit (230). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (241) is input to the waveform generator (245) and output to the first antenna as the first polarization transmission signal.

[0153] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (242) on the second polarization signal output through the LDM coupling unit (230). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (242) is input to the waveform generator (246) and output to the second antenna as the second polarization transmission signal.

[0154] The framing & interleaving units (241, 242) illustrated in FIG. 2 can each generate a signal corresponding to a frame to be transmitted via an antenna using data cells input as input. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (241, 242) may or may not activate and perform time interleaving for each input data cell. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (241, 242) may each perform framing for configuring a preamble symbol and a subframe for each data cell. At this time, the preamble symbol may not include a data cell. At this time, frequency interleaving may or may not be activated and applied.

[0155] Depending on the embodiment, the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may each include a preamble, but only one of them may include a preamble.

[0156] The grouped data cells, which are outputs of the framing & interleaving units (241, 242), are input to the waveform generators (245, 246). At this time, the waveform generators (245, 246) can each perform an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) after pilot insertion and insert a guard interval symbol. In addition, the waveform generators (245, 246) can each generate a bootstrap symbol and output it by positioning it at the very beginning of the transmission frame.

[0157] The broadcast signal transmitter illustrated in FIG. 2 may correspond to a simple coupling between MIMO physical layer pipes. In this case, constellation superposition may be applied for each polarization. That is, the constellation symbol of the core layer physical layer pipe associated with the first polarization may be superposed with the constellation symbol of the enhanced layer physical layer pipe associated with the first polarization. Similarly, the constellation symbol of the core layer physical layer pipe associated with the second polarization may be superposed with the constellation symbol of the enhanced layer physical layer pipe associated with the second polarization.

[0158] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device corresponding to the second type layered MIMO according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0159] Figure 3 shows an example of a transmitter configuration in which a SISO signal is transmitted through a core layer and a MIMO signal is transmitted through an enhanced layer.

[0160] Referring to FIG. 3, a broadcast signal transmission device corresponding to a second type layered MIMO according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a core layer signal generation unit (310), an enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (320), an LDM combining unit (330), and a transmission signal generation unit (340).

[0161] The core layer signal generation unit (310) generates a core layer signal (SISO signal).

[0162] The core layer signal generation unit (310) includes an input formatting unit (311) and a core layer BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation) unit (312).

[0163] The input formatting unit (311) generates packetized data (baseband packets) in units of processing blocks of the transmission system. At this time, the transmission system can classify packets to which the same BICM (Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation) and transmission signal generation parameters are applied and define them as the same PLP (Physical Layer Pipe).

[0164] The core layer BICM unit (312) may include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a symbol mapping unit. At this time, the FEC unit may apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames (FEC packets), which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or may be a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit may perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the symbol mapping unit may generate data cells for transmitting the output to be transmitted through the antenna for the output bit string of the BIL unit, and output them as core layer signals.

[0165] The enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (320) generates enhanced layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals.

[0166] The enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (320) includes an input formatting unit (321), an enhanced layer BICM unit (322), and a MIMO precoder (323).

[0167] The input formatting unit (321) generates packetized data (baseband packets) in units of processing blocks of the transmission system. At this time, the transmission system can classify packets to which the same BICM (Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation) and transmission signal generation parameters are applied and define them as the same PLP (Physical Layer Pipe).

[0168] The enhanced layer BICM unit (322) may include an FEC (Forward Error Correction) unit, a BIL (Bit Interleaver) unit, and a MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) MAP (mapping) unit. At this time, the FEC unit may apply channel coding to baseband packets to generate FEC frames, which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method, or may be a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding. At this time, the BIL unit may perform bit interleaving on the FEC frames output from the FEC unit. At this time, the MIMO MAP unit may generate data cells for transmitting the output to each of the multiple antennas for the output bit string of the BIL unit. For this purpose, the MIMO MAP unit may be composed of two detailed blocks: a demultiplexer unit and a bit to IQ mapping unit. At this time, the demultiplexer unit can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert the input bit stream into data cells. At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group may be different depending on the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. The bit-to-IQ mapping unit maps the output of the demultiplexer unit to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna output, and generates data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group can be mapped to data cells for the first antenna (first polarization), and odd-numbered bits can be mapped to data cells for the second antenna (second polarization). At this time, the grouping of each bit in the MIMO MAP unit or the constellation mapping of the bits using the same can be performed using various methods not illustrated. At this time, the first polarization can be vertical polarization, and the second polarization can be horizontal polarization.

[0169] Here, polarization can be the orientation of the electric field vector of a radiated electromagnetic wave with respect to the horizon as seen from the antenna. In other words, polarization can describe the orientation of the wave emitted from. This orientation can be planar or circular.

[0170] Hereinafter, the first antenna may be replaced with the first polarization, and the second antenna may be replaced with the second polarization.

[0171] Two groups of data cells are input to the MIMO precoder (323).

[0172] At this time, the MIMO precoder (323) may include a streaming combiner, an IQ polarization interleaving unit, and a phase hopping unit. At this time, the stream combiner may combine two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may exchange the quadrature components of the two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the phase hopping unit may change the phase of the data cells inputted and output them. At this time, all three sub-blocks may operate while being activated, all may operate while being deactivated, or only some of the blocks may operate while being activated. In addition, each sub-block may output a different signal or the same signal depending on the channel coding rate and modulation order applied to the data cells inputted to each sub-block. The MIMO precoder (323) illustrated in FIG. 3 can output two data cells to be output through the first antenna (first polarization) and the second antenna (second polarization).

[0173] The LDM combiner (330) hierarchically multiplexes one of the core layer signal and the enhanced layer MIMO signals to output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization (first antenna), and outputs the other one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals as a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization (second antenna).

[0174] At this time, the LDM coupling unit (330) can output the second polarization signal with unity power.

[0175] The transmission signal generation unit (340) generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal, and generates a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal.

[0176] The transmission signal generation unit (340) includes framing & interleaving units (341, 342) and waveform generators (345, 346).

[0177] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (341) on the first polarization signal output through the LDM combining unit (330). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (341) is input to the waveform generator (345) and output to the first antenna as the first polarization transmission signal.

[0178] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (342) on the second polarization signal output through the LDM coupling unit (330). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (342) is input to the waveform generator (346) and output to the second antenna as the second polarization transmission signal.

[0179] The framing & interleaving units (341, 342) illustrated in FIG. 3 can each generate a signal corresponding to a frame to be transmitted via an antenna using data cells input as input. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (341, 342) may or may not activate and perform time interleaving for each input data cell. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (341, 342) may each perform framing for configuring preamble symbols and subframes for each data cell. At this time, the preamble symbol may not include a data cell. At this time, frequency interleaving may or may not be activated and applied.

[0180] Depending on the embodiment, the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may each include a preamble, but only one of them may include a preamble.

[0181] If the first polarization transmission signal includes a first preamble and the second polarization transmission signal includes a second preamble, the first preamble and the second preamble may each include a 1-bit L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding field set to 0. Furthermore, the first preamble and the second preamble may include the same L1 signaling information.

[0182] If only one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal includes a preamble, this preamble can be applied not only to the polarization (antenna) transmitting the preamble but also to the other polarization (antenna). For example, if only the first polarization transmission signal includes a preamble, the signaling fields included in this preamble can be used by both the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0183] The grouped data cells, which are outputs of the framing & interleaving units (341, 342), are input to the waveform generators (345, 346). At this time, the waveform generators (345, 346) may each perform an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) after pilot insertion and insert a guard interval symbol. In addition, the waveform generators (345, 346) may each generate a bootstrap symbol and output it by positioning it at the very beginning of the transmission frame.

[0184] In particular, the waveform generator (346) may apply power scaling for the second polarization in the IFFT stage according to an injection level corresponding to the second polarization (which may be the same as the injection level corresponding to the first polarization). At this time, the power of the second polarization transmission signal may be lower than the power of the first polarization transmission signal.

[0185] Information about the scattered pilots inserted through the waveform generators (345, 346) may be included in the preamble generated by the framing & interleaving units (341, 342).

[0186] In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, the second type of layered MIMO can multiplex SISO and MIMO physical layer pipes within a subframe. This multiplexing scheme allows a receiver compatible only with SISO to receive core layer physical layer pipe(s) without being affected by the presence of enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s) using MIMO.

[0187] In Type 2 layered MIMO, MIMO precoding can be applied exclusively to the enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s).

[0188] At this time, layered MIMO may be prohibited from being applied to the bootstrap or preamble.

[0189] At this time, layered MIMO processing can be applied to subframes individually based on the first 1-bit field (L1D_mimo or L1B_first_sub_mimo), the second 1-bit field (L1D_mimo_mixed or L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed) and the L1D_plp_layer settings transmitted through the preamble of each frame.

[0190] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the LDM coupling unit (230) illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0191] Referring to FIG. 4, the LDM coupling unit (230) includes injection level controllers (231, 235), couplers (232, 236), and power normalizers (233, 237).

[0192] The LDM coupling unit (230) performs layered division multiplexing corresponding to the core layer and the enhanced layer to output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization.

[0193] That is, the LDM coupling unit (230) is a core layer MIMO signal (S C,1 , S C,2 ) one of (S C,1 ) and enhanced layer MIMO signals (S E,1 , S E,2 ) one of (S E,1 ) is hierarchically divided into multiplexes to generate the first polarization signal (β(S) corresponding to the first polarization (POLARIZATION #1). C,1 + αS E,1 )) and output the core layer MIMO signals (S C,1 , S C,2 ) another one (S) C,2 ) and enhanced layer MIMO signals (S E,1 , S E,2 ) another one (S) E,2 ) is hierarchically divided into multiplexes to generate a second polarization signal (β(S) corresponding to the second polarization (POLARIZATION #2). C,2 + αS E,2 )) is printed.

[0194] The injection level controller (231) provides enhanced layer MIMO signals (S) for hierarchical division multiplexing. E,1 , S E,2 ) one of (S E,1 ) to control the power.

[0195] The injection level controller (235) provides enhanced layer MIMO signals (S) for hierarchical division multiplexing. E,1 , S E,2 ) another one (S) E,2 ) to control the power.

[0196] The combiner (232) combines core layer MIMO signals (S C,1 , S C,2 ) one of (S C,1 ) and one of the enhanced layer signals (αS) whose power is controlled by the injection level controller (231). E,1 ) are combined.

[0197] The combiner (236) combines core layer MIMO signals (S C,1 , S C,2 ) another one (S) C,2 ) and one of the enhanced layer signals (αS) whose power is controlled by the injection level controller (235). E,2 ) are combined.

[0198] The power normalizer (233) performs transmission power normalization and outputs a first polarization signal.

[0199] The power normalizer (237) performs transmission power normalization and outputs a second polarization signal.

[0200] In this way, the LDM coupling unit illustrated in FIG. 4 combines the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal through hierarchical division multiplexing for the first and second polarizations. That is, in the structure illustrated in FIG. 4, constellation-superposed signals can be transmitted in the first and second polarizations.

[0201] The first type of layered MIMO illustrated in FIG. 4 must combine core and enhanced layer physical layer pipes utilizing MIMO. In this case, constellation superposition may be required to be applied to MIMO precoded cells (whether the MIMO precoding function is enabled or disabled).

[0202] In the example shown in Fig. 4, the injection level controllers (231, 235) can use the same injection level.

[0203] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the LDM coupling unit (330) illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0204] Referring to FIG. 5, the LDM coupling unit (330) includes an injection level controller (410), a coupler (420), and a power normalizer (430).

[0205] The LDM coupling unit (330) is a core layer signal (S C ) and enhanced layer MIMO signals (S E,1 , S E,2 ) one of (S E,1 ) is hierarchically divided into multiplexes to generate the first polarization signal (β(S) corresponding to the first polarization (POLARIZATION #1). C + αS E,1 )) and output enhanced layer MIMO signals (S E,1 , S E,2 ) another one (S) E,2 ) is output as a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization.

[0206] The injection level controller (410) provides enhanced layer MIMO signals (S) for hierarchical division multiplexing. E,1 , S E,2 ) one of (S E,1 ) to control the power.

[0207] The coupler (420) is a core layer signal (S C) and one of the enhanced layer signals (αS) whose power is controlled by the injection level controller (410). E,1 ) are combined.

[0208] The power normalizer (430) performs transmission power normalization and outputs a first polarization signal.

[0209] In this way, the LDM combining unit illustrated in FIG. 5 combines the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal through hierarchical division multiplexing for the first polarization, but for the second polarization, the combination of the two layer signals through hierarchical division multiplexing is not performed and the input MIMO signal (S E,2 ) is output as is. That is, in the structure illustrated in FIG. 5, constellation-superposed signals are transmitted only in the first polarization (POLARIZATION #1), and the second polarization (POLARIZATION #2) can transmit a dedicated MIMO stream composed solely of enhanced layer cells.

[0210] At this time, in the first polarization, at least one SISO (Single Input Single Output) PLP (Physical Layer Pipe) and at least one MIMO PLP superposed with the at least one SISO PLP can share pilot cells. That is, the SISO PLP(s) and MIMO PLP(s) superposed by the broadcast signal transmission apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5 can share pilot cells transmitted through the first polarization (first antenna). This can be viewed as the pilot cells transmitted through the first polarization (first antenna) of the broadcast signal transmission apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5 being shared by the core layer used for SISO transmission and the enhanced layer used for MIMO transmission.

[0211] At this time, the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may be generated using only the first MIMO distributed pilot encoding among the first MIMO distributed pilot encoding that transmits pilots to the same OFDM cell positions for the first polarization and the second polarization, and the second MIMO distributed pilot encoding that transmits pilots to different OFDM cell positions for the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0212] At this time, the first MIMO distributed pilot encoding may correspond to a first group in which identical pilots are transmitted for the first polarization and the second polarization, and a second group in which pilots with opposite phases are transmitted for the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0213] At this time, the second MIMO distributed pilot encoding may correspond to a first group in which only pilots for the first polarization are transmitted with valid power and pilots for the second polarization are transmitted with null power, and a second group in which only pilots for the second polarization are transmitted with valid power and pilots for the first polarization are transmitted with null power.

[0214] At this time, the first MIMO distributed pilot encoding may be Walsh-Hadamard encoding, and the second MIMO distributed pilot encoding may be null pilot encoding.

[0215] At this time, at least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may include a preamble. At this time, the preamble may include a 1-bit L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding field set to 0.

[0216] At this time, the 1-bit L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding field set to 0 can indicate both a MIMO pilot pattern with Walsh-Hadamard encoding and the SISO pilot pattern simultaneously.

[0217] In this way, when considering a conventional single-antenna receiver in a broadcast signal transmitter that uses LDM and MIMO together, a collision may occur between the pilot pattern for the MIMO terminal and the pilot pattern for the SISO terminal (between the signaling information of the pilot pattern for the MIMO terminal and the signaling information of the pilot pattern for the SISO terminal).

[0218] In the ATSC 3.0 broadcast system, L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern (for the first subframe) and L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern (for other subframes) are used as scattered pilot pattern identification fields, and the scattered pilot pattern is signaled through these fields.

[0219] These fields are signaling fields commonly used for SISO transmission and MIMO transmission, and the receiver can distinguish whether it is a SISO distributed pilot pattern or a MIMO distributed pilot pattern by combining these fields with other MIMO-related fields (e.g., L1B_first_sub_mimo (for the first subframe) and L1D_mimo (for other subframes)) and then find out the exact distributed pilot pattern.

[0220] At this time, L1B_first_sub_mimo and L1D_mimo can indicate whether MIMO transmission is applied to the corresponding subframe.

[0221] That is, even if L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern or L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern has the same value, depending on whether it is SISO transmission or MIMO transmission, the scattered pilot pattern may be interpreted as a SISO pattern as shown in Table 1 below, or as a MIMO pattern as shown in Table 2 below.

[0222] ValueSP patternValueSP patternValueSP pattern00000SP3_201000SP12_210000Reserved00001SP3_401001SP12_4......00010SP4_201010SP16_2......00011SP4_401011SP16_4.. ....00100SP6_201100SP24_2......00101SP6_401101SP24_4......00110SP8_201110SP32_2......00111SP8_401111SP32_411111Reserved

[0223] Table 1 shows the signaling formats of L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern and L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern for SISO.

[0224] ValueSP patternValueSP patternValueSP pattern00000MP3_201000MP12_210000Reserved00001MP3_401001MP12_4......00010MP4_201010MP16_2......00011MP4_401011MP16_4.. ....00100MP6_201100MP24_2......00101MP6_401101MP24_4......00110MP8_201110MP32_2......00111MP8_401111MP32_411111Reserved

[0225] Table 2 shows the signaling formats of L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern and L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern for MIMO.

[0226] In Tables 1 and 2, SP represents SISO Pilot and MP represents MIMO Pilot.

[0227] Ultimately, when combining LDM and MIMO technologies to transmit SISO and MIMO signals in the same subframe, considering the existing SISO receiver, both the SISO receiver and the MIMO receiver must be able to simultaneously receive accurate scattered pilot pattern information through a common signaling field, L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern or L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern. This means that L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern or L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern must be compatible with both SISO and MIMO.

[0228] For example, if L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern or L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern is 00000, the SISO receiver must perform channel estimation through SP3_2 in Table 1, and the MIMO receiver must perform channel estimation through MP3_2 in Table 2.

[0229] In order to receive a MIMO transmission signal, it is necessary to estimate the first polarization channel and the second polarization channel separately, and therefore, distinguishable pilot signals are transmitted to both the first polarization (first antenna) and the second polarization (second antenna).

[0230] The MIMO distributed pilot pattern used in ATSC 3.0 systems is defined using either Walsh-Hadamard encoding or null-pilot encoding.

[0231] The pilot pattern corresponding to Walsh-Hadamard encoding is such that both the first polarization and the second polarization transmit their respective pilots at the same OFDM cell locations. That is, Walsh-Hadamard encoding designs the sequences corresponding to the pilots for the first polarization and the sequences corresponding to the pilots for the second polarization to be orthogonal, so that only the corresponding pilots can be extracted from each transmission channel.

[0232] The pilot pattern corresponding to the null pilot encoding is such that the second polarization is muted at the position where the first polarization transmits the pilot, and the first polarization is muted at the position where the second polarization transmits the pilot.

[0233] Comparing the SISO distributed pilot pattern, the MIMO Walsh-Hadamard distributed pilot pattern, and the MIMO null-pilot distributed pilot pattern signaled with the same 5-bit value in Tables 1 and 2 above, the following relationship can be confirmed.

[0234] The first polarization (first antenna) portion of the MIMO Walsh-Hadamard distributed pilot pattern transmits pilot signals identical to the SISO distributed pilot pattern to the same OFDM cell location.

[0235] The first polarization (first antenna) portion of the MIMO null-pilot distributed pilot pattern transmits pilot signals at only half of the pilot positions of the SISO distributed pilot pattern.

[0236] This relationship can be summarized as shown in Table 3 below.

[0237] Pilot EncodingAlgorithmAntennaScatteredPilotSubframeBoundaryPilotCommonContinualPilotAdditionalContinualPilotEdgePilotWalsh-Hadamard#1SISOSISOSISOSISOSISO#2WHWHSISOSISO / WHWHNull Pilot#1NPSISOSISOSISO / NPSISO#2NPWHSISOSISO / NPWH

[0238] In Table 3, WH represents Walsh-Hadamard and NP represents Null Pilot.

[0239] Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate SISO scattered pilot patterns, MIMO Walsh-Hadamard scattered pilot patterns and MIMO null-pilot scattered pilot patterns when 5-bit L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern or L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern is 00000.

[0240] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of a SISO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to SP3_2.

[0241] Referring to Figure 6, D for SISO X = 3 and D Y = You can find out the pilot positions in case 2.

[0242] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a Walsh-Hadamard encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2.

[0243] Referring to FIG. 7, it can be seen that the OFDM cell locations of the SISO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to SP3_2 and the OFDM cell locations of the Walsh-Hadamard encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2 are basically the same.

[0244] The Walsh-Hadamard encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 7 transmits the same pilots as illustrated in FIG. 6 in both group 1 positions and group 2 positions for the first polarization. At this time, for the second polarization, the same pilots as those for the first polarization are transmitted in group 1 positions, and pilots that are opposite in phase to the pilots for the first polarization are transmitted in group 2 positions.

[0245] That is, in the Walsh-Hadamard encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 7, the same pilots as the SISO distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 6 are transmitted in the first polarization, and in the second polarization, only some pilots are transmitted with their phases reversed at the same positions as the SISO distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 6.

[0246] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a null pilot encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2.

[0247] Referring to FIG. 8, it can be seen that the OFDM cell locations of the Walsh-Hadamard encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2 are basically the same as the OFDM cell locations of the null-pilot encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern corresponding to MP3_2, except that the grouping is different.

[0248] However, the null-pilot encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 8 transmits pilots only at group 1 positions for the first polarization, and transmits pilots only at group 2 positions for the second polarization.

[0249] That is, the null-pilot encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 8 transmits pilot signals only at half of the pilot positions (group 1 positions) of the SISO distributed pilot pattern distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 6 in the first polarization. Similarly, the null-pilot encoded MIMO distributed pilot pattern transmits pilot signals only at the other half of the pilot positions (group 2 positions) of the SISO distributed pilot pattern distributed pilot pattern illustrated in FIG. 6 in the second polarization.

[0250] In a broadcast signal transmission / reception system combining LDM and MIMO, the core layer and the enhanced layer may need to use the same pilot signal to prevent increased receiver complexity and reduce the burden of receiver memory usage.

[0251] The broadcast signal transmitter having the structure described through FIGS. 3 and 5 transmits a broadcast signal combining SISO and MIMO, taking into account a conventional single-antenna receiver, and the single-antenna receiver can only receive the first polarization signal. In such an environment, if a null pilot pattern is applied as a distributed pilot pattern, the SISO receiver will use the interference signal transmitted in the second polarization for pilot-based channel estimation using the corresponding PLP (Physical Layer Pipe), which may result in misestimation.

[0252] Meanwhile, when transmitting a broadcast signal combining SISO and MIMO by combining LDM and MIMO technologies, if a null-pilot pattern is applied, a conflict may occur with the L1-basic and L1-detail signaling for the existing SISO service.

[0253] The existing ATSC 3.0 broadcast system sets the L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding field (L1-Basic signaling field) to 0 in the following two cases.

[0254] - When the Walsh-Hadamard pilot pattern is used

[0255] - If there is no subframe with MIMO applied within the transmission frame

[0256] When receiving a subframe that combines SISO and MIMO by combining LDM and MIMO technologies, it may be desirable for the SISO receiver to be unaware of the presence of the enhanced layer transmitted in the form of MIMO. Therefore, in this case, L1B_first_sub_mimo (for the first subframe) or L1D_mimo (for other subframes) should be set to 0. In this case, L1B_first_sub_mimo and L1D_mimo may be fields indicating whether MIMO is applied to the corresponding subframe (in principle, they are set to 1 if MIMO is applied). In this way, even though MIMO is applied to the enhanced layer, if L1B_first_sub_mimo (for the first subframe) or L1D_mimo (for other subframes) is set to 0, the MIMO receiver may operate based on other MIMO-related fields other than these fields to identify the MIMO pilot pattern.

[0257] When the core layer transmits a SISO signal and only the enhanced layer applies MIMO, there may be no MIMO subframes in the transmission frame other than the subframes in which SISO and MIMO are combined with LDM, and there may be MIMO subframes in the transmission frame other than the subframes in which SISO and MIMO are combined with LDM.

[0258] If there are no MIMO subframes in a transmission frame other than the subframes in which SISO and MIMO are combined with LDM, and a null-pilot pattern is applied to the subframes in which SISO and MIMO are combined with LDM, and L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding must be set to 1, then this is not desirable because it causes a conflict with L1B_first_sub_mimo or L1D_mimo set to 0 in the received preamble from the perspective of the existing SISO receiver.

[0259] In the case where a MIMO subframe exists in a transmission frame other than the subframes in which SISO and MIMO are LDM-combined, a signaling collision may not occur if other MIMO subframes in the transmission frame apply the null pilot pattern. However, even in this case, considering the situation where a single scattered pilot pattern identification field (L1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pattern or L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern) is shared by the SISO receiver and the MIMO receiver, it is desirable to prohibit the use of the null pilot pattern and use only the Walsh-Hadamard pilot pattern. In this case, the Walsh-Hadamard pilot pattern may be applied to the enhanced layer of the broadcast signal transmission device of FIGS. 3 and 5 regardless of the value signaled in L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding.

[0260] Ultimately, when transmitting a broadcast signal combining SISO and MIMO by combining LDM and MIMO technologies, only Walsh-Hadamard encoding among null-pilot encoding and Walsh-Hadamard encoding can be allowed as pilot encoding.

[0261] At this time, the 1-bit signaling field L1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding can be set to 0, which can indicate both a MIMO pilot pattern with Walsh-Hadamard encoding and the SISO pilot pattern simultaneously.

[0262] The core layer and the enhanced layer can share pilots not only when MIMO is applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer, but also when SISO is applied to the core layer and MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0263] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a transmission signal configuration when a SISO signal is transmitted only through one of two MIMO antennas.

[0264] Referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that in the first polarization (V-POL), the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal are transmitted together, and in the second polarization (H-POL), only the enhanced layer signal is transmitted.

[0265] The example illustrated in Fig. 9 is an example in which the Walsh-Hadamard pilot pattern is applied, and it can be seen that the distributed pilot pattern is applied equally to the core layer and the enhanced layer in the first polarization (V-POL). In the example illustrated in Fig. 9, the phases of the pilots of some cell positions in the second polarization (H-POL) are opposite to those of the pilots in the first polarization.

[0266] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a transmission signal configuration when a SISO signal is transmitted through both MIMO antennas.

[0267] Referring to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal are transmitted together in the first polarization (V-POL) and the second polarization (H-POL).

[0268] The example illustrated in Fig. 10 is an example of a Walsh-Hadamard pilot pattern applied, and it can be seen that the distributed pilot pattern is applied equally to the core layer and the enhanced layer in the first polarization (V-POL) and the second polarization (H-POL). In the example illustrated in Fig. 10, the phases of the pilots of some cell positions in the second polarization (H-POL) are opposite to those of the pilots in the first polarization.

[0269] Figure 11 is a diagram comparing a SISO distributed pilot pattern and a MIMO distributed pilot pattern.

[0270] Referring to Fig. 11, it can be seen that in the first polarization (V-POL), the Walsh-Hadamard encoded MP3_2 MIMO distributed pilot pattern is completely identical to the SISO SP3_2 distributed pilot pattern. In the second polarization (H-POL), the phases of the pilots at the pilot positions corresponding to the second group are inverted.

[0271] Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device using multiple transmission antennas and hierarchical division multiplexing.

[0272] Referring to FIG. 12, a broadcast signal transmission device using multiple transmission antennas and layered division multiplexing according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a core layer MIMO signal generation unit (1110), an enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (1120), an LDM combining unit (1130), an L1 signaling generation unit (1140), and a transmission signal generation unit (1150).

[0273] The core layer MIMO signal generation unit (1110) generates core layer MIMO signals.

[0274] At this time, the core layer MIMO signal generation unit (1110) may include a core layer FEC (Forward Error Correction) encoder (1111), a core layer bit-interleaver (1112), a core layer MIMO demux (DEMUX; Demultiplexer) (1113), core layer symbol mappers (1114, 1115), and a core layer MIMO precoder (1116).

[0275] The core layer FEC encoder (1111) can apply channel coding to baseband packets corresponding to the core layer to generate FEC frames (FEC packets), which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method or a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding.

[0276] The core layer bit interleaver (1112) can perform bit interleaving on FEC frames output from the core layer FEC encoder (1111).

[0277] The core layer MIMO demux (1113) and core layer symbol mappers (1114, 1115) can generate data cells for transmitting output to each of the multiple antennas for the output bit stream of the core layer bit-interleaver (1112). That is, the core layer MIMO demux (1113) can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert it into data cells. At this time, the core layer MIMO demux (1113) can map even index bits in the FEC-encoded bit stream that has undergone bit interleaving to the first antenna (polarization) and odd index bits to the second antenna (polarization). At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group can be different depending on the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. The core layer symbol mappers (1114, 1115) map the output of the core layer MIMO demux (1113) to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna (polarization) output, and generate data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group may be mapped to data cells for a first antenna (ANTENNA 1), and odd-numbered bits may be mapped to data cells for a second antenna (ANTENNA 2). At this time, the grouping of each bit or the constellation mapping of the bits using the same in the core layer symbol mappers (1114, 1115) may be performed using various methods not illustrated.

[0278] Groups of two different data cells are input to a core layer MIMO precoder (1116). At this time, the core layer MIMO precoder (1116) can perform signal processing for spatial multiplexing and can adjust the first antenna (polarization) signal and the second antenna (polarization) signal in units of OFDM cells (constellation symbols).

[0279] At this time, the core layer MIMO precoder (1116) may include a streaming combiner, an IQ polarization interleaving unit, and a phase hopping unit. At this time, the stream combiner may combine two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may exchange the quadrature components of the two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the phase hopping unit may change the phase of the data cells inputted and output them. At this time, all three sub-blocks may be activated and operated, all may be deactivated and operated, or only some of the blocks may be activated and operated. In addition, each sub-block may output a different signal or the same signal depending on the channel coding rate and modulation order applied to the data cells inputted to each sub-block. The core layer MIMO precoder (1116) illustrated in FIG. 12 can output two data cells to be output through the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) and the second antenna (ANTENNA 2). That is, two output signals are generated from the core layer MIMO signal generation unit (1110), one of which is a signal for transmission using the first antenna (ANTENNA 1), and the other is a signal for transmission using the second antenna (ANTENNA).

[0280] The first antenna (ANTENNA 1) and the second antenna (ANTENNA 2) may correspond to a first polarization and a second polarization, respectively. That is, the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) may correspond to a first polarization, and the second antenna (ANTENNA 2) may correspond to a second polarization. For example, the first polarization may be vertical polarization, and the second polarization may be horizontal polarization.

[0281] Here, polarization can be the orientation of the electric field vector of a radiated electromagnetic wave with respect to the horizon as seen from the antenna. In other words, polarization can describe the orientation of the wave emitted from. This orientation can be planar or circular.

[0282] Hereinafter, the first antenna may be replaced with the first polarization, and the second antenna may be replaced with the second polarization.

[0283] The enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (1120) generates enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0284] At this time, the enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (1120) may include an enhanced layer FEC (Forward Error Correction) encoder (1121), an enhanced layer bit-interleaver (1122), an enhanced layer MIMO demux (DEMUX; Demultiplexer) (1123), enhanced layer symbol mappers (1124, 1125), and an enhanced layer MIMO precoder (1126).

[0285] The enhanced layer FEC encoder (1121) can apply channel coding to baseband packets corresponding to the enhanced layer to generate FEC frames (FEC packets), which are groups of bits. At this time, the channel coding may be a single-structure method or a method composed of multiple stages, such as inner and outer coding.

[0286] The enhanced layer bit-interleaver (1122) can perform bit interleaving on FEC frames output from the enhanced layer FEC encoder (1121).

[0287] The enhanced layer MIMO demux (1123) and the enhanced layer symbol mappers (1124, 1125) can generate data cells for transmitting output to each of the multiple antennas for the output bit stream of the enhanced layer bit-interleaver (1122). That is, the enhanced layer MIMO demux (1123) can group the input bit stream according to the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas in order to convert it into data cells. At this time, the enhanced layer MIMO demux (1123) can map even index bits in the FEC-encoded bit stream that has undergone bit interleaving to the first antenna (polarization) and odd index bits to the second antenna (polarization). At this time, the bit stream corresponding to each group can be different depending on the modulation order and the number of multiple antennas. Enhanced layer symbol mappers (1124, 1125) map the output of the enhanced layer MIMO demux (1123) to constellations corresponding to groups of bits corresponding to each antenna (polarization) output, and generate data cells corresponding to each antenna output. In one embodiment, even-numbered bits in a bit group may be mapped to data cells for a first antenna (ANTENNA 1), and odd-numbered bits may be mapped to data cells for a second antenna (ANTENNA 2). At this time, the grouping of each bit or the constellation mapping of the bits using the same in the enhanced layer symbol mappers (1124, 1125) may be performed using various methods not illustrated.

[0288] Groups of two different data cells are input to an enhanced layer MIMO precoder (1126). At this time, the enhanced layer MIMO precoder (1126) can perform signal processing for spatial multiplexing and can adjust the first antenna (polarization) signal and the second antenna (polarization) signal in units of OFDM cells (constellation symbols).

[0289] At this time, the enhanced layer MIMO precoder (1126) may include a streaming combiner, an IQ polarization interleaving unit, and a phase hopping unit. At this time, the stream combiner may combine two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the IQ polarization interleaving unit may exchange the quadrature components of the two data cells inputted and output them. At this time, the phase hopping unit may change the phase of the data cells inputted and output them. At this time, all three sub-blocks may be activated and operated, all may be deactivated and operated, or only some of the blocks may be activated and operated. In addition, each sub-block may output a different signal or the same signal depending on the channel coding rate and modulation order applied to the data cells inputted to each sub-block. The enhanced layer MIMO precoder (1126) illustrated in FIG. 12 can output two data cells to be output through the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) and the second antenna (ANTENNA 2). That is, two output signals are generated from the enhanced layer MIMO signal generation unit (1120), one of which is a signal for transmission using the first antenna (ANTENNA 1), and the other is a signal for transmission using the second antenna (ANTENNA).

[0290] At this time, the core layer MIMO signals may be generated based on core layer MIMO precoding, and the enhanced layer MIMO signals may be generated based on enhanced layer MIMO precoding.

[0291] At this time, the core layer MIMO precoding and the enhanced layer MIMO precoding may be performed using at least one of stream combining, IQ polarization interleaving, and phase hopping, respectively.

[0292] At this time, whether stream combining is enabled can be signaled by the 1-bit L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining field included in the L1 detail signaling field. At this time, the L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining field can indicate whether stream combining precoding of the corresponding physical layer pipe is applied.

[0293] At this time, whether IQ polarization interleaving is enabled can be signaled by the 1-bit L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving field included in the L1 detail signaling field. At this time, the L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving field can indicate whether IQ polarization interleaving procoding of the corresponding physical layer pipe is applied.

[0294] At this time, whether phase hopping is enabled can be signaled by the 1-bit L1D_plp_mimo_PH field included in the L1 detail signaling field. At this time, the L1D_plp_mimo_PH field can indicate whether phase hopping precoding is applied to the corresponding physical layer pipe.

[0295] At this time, the L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining, L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving, and L1D_plp_mimo_PH fields may be fields for signaling the precoding application method of each physical layer pipe in a subframe to which MIMO is applied. That is, all physical layer pipes to which MIMO is applied in a subframe to which MIMO is applied may need to transmit signaling fields regarding the application of precoding.

[0296] At this time, if the IQ polarization interleaving corresponding to the core layer is activated, the IQ polarization interleaving corresponding to the enhanced layer can be activated.

[0297] At this time, if phase hopping corresponding to the core layer is activated, phase hopping corresponding to the enhanced layer can be activated.

[0298] At this time, the stream combining, the IQ polarization interleaving and the phase hopping may correspond to the first MIMO field, the second MIMO field and the third MIMO field, respectively.

[0299] At this time, the second MIMO field corresponding to the core layer and the second MIMO field corresponding to the enhanced layer may be set identically, and the third MIMO field corresponding to the core layer and the third MIMO field corresponding to the enhanced layer may be set identically.

[0300] The LDM combiner (1130) performs layered division multiplexing on the core layer MIMO signals and the enhanced layer MIMO signals to generate a first superposition signal (first polarization signal) corresponding to the first polarization and a second superposition signal (second polarization signal) corresponding to the second polarization.

[0301] At this time, the LDM coupling unit (1130) may include injection level controllers (1131, 1132), couplers (1133, 1134) and power normalizers (1135, 1136).

[0302] That is, through the LDM coupling unit, the transmission power of the enhanced layer MIMO signals for the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) and the second antenna (ANTENNA 2) is adjusted by the injection level controllers (1131, 1132) according to a predetermined power injection level (IL). At this time, the power of the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) is adjusted by the injection level controller (1131), and the power of the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the second antenna (ANTENNA 2) is adjusted by the injection level controller (1132).

[0303] Therefore, two injection levels are used in the LDM coupling unit (1130) illustrated in FIG. 12.

[0304] At this time, the injection levels can each represent a power ratio of the enhanced layer to the core layer, and information for signaling the injection level can be included in the L1 signaling fields.

[0305] The enhanced layer MIMO signal for the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) with adjusted power is added to the core layer MIMO signal for the first antenna (ANTENNA 1) by a combiner (1133), and the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the second antenna (ANTENNA 2) with adjusted power is added to the core layer MIMO signal for the second antenna (ANTENNA 2) by a combiner (1134).

[0306] The signal added through the coupler (1133) goes through transmission power normalization by the power normalizer (1135) and is output as a first superposition signal (first polarization signal), and the signal added through the coupler (1134) goes through transmission power normalization by the power normalizer (1136) and is output as a second superposition signal (second polarization signal).

[0307] The transmission signal generation unit (1150) generates a first polarization transmission signal including a first preamble corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization transmission signal including a second preamble corresponding to the second polarization.

[0308] At this time, the transmission signal generation unit (1150) includes framing & interleaving units (1151, 1152) and waveform generators (1153, 1154).

[0309] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (1151) on the first superposition signal output through the power normalizer (1135). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (1151) is input to the waveform generator (1153) and output to the first antenna as the first polarization transmission signal.

[0310] Time interleaving, frame generation (including preamble), and frequency interleaving can be performed in the framing & interleaving unit (1152) on the second superposition signal output through the power normalizer (1136). The output of the framing & interleaving unit (1152) is input to the waveform generator (1154) and output to the second antenna as a second polarization transmission signal.

[0311] The framing & interleaving units (1151, 1152) illustrated in FIG. 12 can generate signals corresponding to frames to be transmitted via antennas using data cells inputted as inputs, respectively. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (1151, 1152) may or may not activate and perform time interleaving for each input data cell. At this time, the framing & interleaving units (1151, 1152) may perform framing for each data cell, configuring preamble symbols and subframes. At this time, the preamble symbols may not include data cells. At this time, frequency interleaving may or may not be activated and applied.

[0312] The grouped data cells, which are the outputs of the framing & interleaving units (1151, 1152), are input to the waveform generators (1153, 1154). At this time, the waveform generators (1153, 1154) may each perform an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) after pilot insertion and insert a guard interval symbol. In addition, the waveform generators (1153, 1154) may each generate a bootstrap symbol and output it by positioning it at the very beginning of the transmission frame. At this time, each of the waveform generators (1153, 1154) may activate and apply the MISO (Multiple-Input Single-Output) signal processing function or may deactivate and not apply it.

[0313] The L1 signaling generation unit (1140) can generate injection level signaling information regarding two injection levels corresponding to the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0314] That is, the injection level information (IL INFO) for the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the first antenna (or polarization) and the injection level information (IL INFO) for the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the second antenna (or polarization) are used by the injection level controllers (1131, 1132) and are also transmitted to and used by the power normalizers (1135, 1136). At this time, the power normalizers (1135, 1136) each multiply the size of the combined signal by a normalizing factor calculated from the injection level information to adjust the power of the input signal to an appropriate level.

[0315] At this time, the injection level information (IL INFO) for the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the first antenna (or polarization) and the injection level information (IL INFO) for the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the second antenna (or polarization) are transmitted to the L1 signaling generation unit (1140), so that L1 signaling information to be included in the preamble and transmitted is generated. That is, the injection level signaling information included in the L1 signaling information is modulated and transmitted by the framing & interleaving units (1135, 1136) by being included in the preamble.

[0316] At this time, since there are two injection level controllers (1131, 1132), there are two injection levels used, and there are also two preambles generated from the framing & interleaving units (1151, 1152).

[0317] The injection levels of the injection level controllers (1131, 1132) may be set to the same injection level or may be set to different injection levels.

[0318] The first preamble generated by the framing & interleaving unit (1151) and the second preamble generated by the framing & interleaving unit (1152) may each include only the first injection level information (when the injection levels of the injection level controllers (1131, 1132) are the same) or may include both the first injection level information and the second injection level information (when the injection levels of the injection level controllers (1131, 1132) are different). In this case, the first injection level signaling information included in the first preamble and the first injection level signaling information included in the second preamble may be the same. Similarly, the second injection level signaling information included in the first preamble and the second injection level signaling information included in the second preamble may be the same. Furthermore, the entire L1 signaling information included in the first preamble may be identical to the entire L1 signaling information included in the second preamble. That is, the first preamble transmitted for the first polarization and the second preamble transmitted for the second polarization may be configured with the same modulation signals and set identically, and their transmission powers may be identical or different.

[0319] At this time, the first preamble and the second preamble may include the same 5-bit injection level signaling information corresponding to the injection levels.

[0320] The enhanced layer MIMO signal for the first antenna / polarization and the enhanced layer MIMO signal for the second antenna / polarization may be power-regulated corresponding to the same injection level or may be power-regulated corresponding to different injection levels.

[0321] At this time, the first preamble corresponding to the first antenna (polarization) and the second preamble corresponding to the second antenna (polarization) may include the same 5-bit injection level field (L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level).

[0322] At this time, the injection level controllers (1131, 1132) and power normalizers (1135, 1136) illustrated in FIG. 12 can all operate based on an injection level corresponding to the same 5-bit injection level field (L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level). That is, the same injection level value can be shared for the first antenna (polarization) and the second antenna (polarization).

[0323] Depending on the embodiment, different injection levels may be used for the first antenna / polarization and the second antenna / polarization. In this case, if the L1-Detail signaling for the first antenna / polarization and the L1-Detail signaling for the second antenna / polarization are the same, a signaling field separate from the aforementioned 5-bit injection level field (L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level) may be required. In this case, an injection level corresponding to L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level may be used for the first antenna (polarization), and an injection level corresponding to another signaling field may be used for the second antenna (polarization).

[0324] The LDM coupling unit (1130) illustrated in FIG. 12 and the LDM coupling unit (130, 230, or 330) illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, or FIG. 3 can output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization. In this case, the LDM coupling unit (1130) illustrated in FIG. 12 and the LDM coupling unit (130, 230, or 330) illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, or FIG. 3 may correspond to a subframe signal generation unit.

[0325] In some embodiments, a single SISO physical layer pipe and a MIMO physical layer pipe may be multiplexed into a single subframe based on a multiplexing method other than LDM, such as TDM. In this case, the subframe signal generation unit may generate a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization based on a method other than LDM.

[0326] Furthermore, the subframe signal generation unit may correspond to a MIMO signal generation unit (same structure as 1110 or 1120 in FIG. 12) that generates the output of the MIMO precoder as a first polarization signal and a second polarization signal in a MIMO transmission structure according to the existing ATSC 3.0 standard for a Non-MIMO (SISO) subframe to be described later. In this case, the first polarization signal and the second polarization signal, which are the outputs of the MIMO precoder, may be input to the first framing & interleaving unit and the second framing & interleaving unit, respectively. At this time, the MIMO precoder may be deactivated, so that the first polarization signal may be an output of the core layer symbol mapper (114) or the enhanced layer symbol mapper (124), and the second polarization transmission signal may be an output of the core layer symbol mapper (115) or the enhanced layer symbol mapper (125). At this time, the output of the first framing & interleaving unit may be input to the first waveform generator, and the output of the second framing & interleaving unit may be input to the second waveform generator. At this time, the output of the first waveform generator may become the first polarization transmission signal, and the output of the second waveform generator may become the second polarization transmission signal. At this time, the first framing & interleaving unit, the second framing & interleaving unit, the first waveform generator, and the second waveform generator may constitute a transmission signal generation unit. The existing MIMO transmission method that is not LDMed in this way can be referred to as single-layer MIMO transmission.

[0327] A transmission method in which LDM and MIMO are not applied together (layered MIMO) or MIMO without LDM is not applied, and a transmission signal is generated through a single transmission chain (through a transmission signal generation process such as single antenna transmission) can be referred to as a Non-MIMO or SISO method. In this case, SISO can include MISO (Multiple-Input Single-Output) and SIMO (Single-Input Multiple-Output) methods.

[0328] That is, the subframe signal generation unit can output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization.

[0329] The transmission signal generation unit (1150) illustrated in FIG. 12 and the transmission signal generation unit (340) illustrated in FIG. 3 generate the first subframe indicator set (S) for the first polarization. M,0 ) to generate a first polarization transmission signal corresponding to the first polarization signal, and a second subframe indicator set (S) for the second polarization. M,1 ) can generate a second polarization transmission signal corresponding to the second polarization signal. At this time, in the case of a Non-MIMO subframe, the transmission signal generation unit can include the first framing & interleaving unit, the second framing & interleaving unit, the first waveform generator, and the second waveform generator described above.

[0330] At this time, at least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may include a preamble.

[0331] The subframes described in the present invention may be one of the following four types.

[0332] 1) Non-MIMO subframe

[0333] A Non-MIMO (or SISO) subframe refers to a subframe that does not actually have MIMO applied, and can refer to a transmission method that can be received with a single receiving antenna because spatial multiplexing (SM) or polarization multiplexing (PM) is not applied. In this case, a Non-MIMO subframe may correspond to a SISO transmission signal and a MISO (Multiple-Input Single-Output) transmission signal.

[0334] 2) MIMO subframe

[0335] A MIMO subframe is a MIMO subframe corresponding to the existing ATSC 3.0 standard, and may refer to a single layer (SL) MIMO subframe to which layered division multiplexing (LDM) is not applied. In other words, the MIMO subframe may correspond to the MIMO transmitter structure of the existing ATSC 3.0 standard.

[0336] 3) Type 1 layered MIMO subframe

[0337] A first type layered MIMO subframe may correspond to a transmitter structure in which MIMO is applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer. That is, a first type layered MIMO subframe may correspond to the transmitter structure illustrated in FIG. 12.

[0338] 4) Type 2 layered MIMO subframe

[0339] The second type layered MIMO subframe may correspond to a transmitter structure in which SISO is applied to the core layer and MIMO is applied to the enhanced layer. That is, the second type layered MIMO subframe may correspond to the transmitter structure illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5.

[0340] At this time, the transmission signal generation unit (1150) illustrated in FIG. 12 and the transmission signal generation unit (340) illustrated in FIG. 3 scale the scaling factor (K) of the first polarization. m [0]) to generate a first polarization transmission signal corresponding to the first polarization signal, and a scaling factor (K) of the second polarization m [1]) can be used to generate a second polarization transmission signal corresponding to the second polarization signal.

[0341] At this time, the scaling factor of the first polarization and the scaling factor of the second polarization may correspond to the injection level of the hierarchical division multiplexing.

[0342] At this time, the scaling factor (K) of the first polarization m [0]) corresponds to the polarization index 0, and the scaling factor (K) of the second polarization m [1]) may correspond to polarization index 1.

[0343] At this time, the scaling factor of the first polarization and the scaling factor of the second polarization may be applied to values ​​corresponding to complex modulation values ​​that are not set for each polarization for the preamble, and may be applied to values ​​corresponding to complex modulation values ​​that are set for each polarization for at least one subframe.

[0344] At this time, for the first polarization, the power of the preamble symbol corresponding to the preamble may reference the data symbol power of the first subframe that activates the first polarization.

[0345] At this time, for the second polarization, the power of the preamble symbol corresponding to the preamble may refer to the data symbol power of the first subframe that activates the second polarization.

[0346] At this time, the scaling factor of the first polarization and the scaling factor of the second polarization can be applied to power scaling performed in the IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) stage.

[0347] At this time, the LDM coupling unit can hierarchically multiplex one of the core layer signal and the enhanced layer MIMO signals and output it as the first polarization signal, and output the other one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals as the second polarization signal.

[0348] At this time, the scaling factor of the first polarization can be maintained the same even if the injection level corresponding to the hierarchical division multiplexing changes.

[0349] At this time, the scaling factor of the second polarization can change as the injection level corresponding to the hierarchical division multiplexing changes (second type layered MIMO).

[0350] At this time, the scaling factor of the second polarization may decrease as the injection level corresponding to the hierarchical division multiplexing increases.

[0351] At this time, the first subframe indicator set (S M,0 ) is a set of subframe numbers of subframes that activate the first polarization, and the second subframe indicator set (S M,1 ) may be a set of subframe numbers of subframes that activate the second polarization.

[0352] At this time, if all subframes within the frame use MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) or layered MIMO, the first subframe indicator set and the second subframe indicator set are each 0 or greater and N SF smaller than (N SF The number of subframes within the above frame may contain any integer.

[0353] At this time, if the second polarization is deactivated while the first polarization transmits at least one SISO subframe, the first subframe indicator set is 0 or more and N SF smaller than (N SF The second subframe indicator set may consist of the subframe numbers that use MIMO or layered MIMO, and may include all integers (the number of subframes within the frame).

[0354] At this time, if the first polarization and the second polarization are activated together during the subframe duration using SISO, the first subframe indicator set and the second subframe indicator set are each 0 or more and N SF smaller than (N SF The number of subframes within the above frame may contain any integer.

[0355] At this time, if the first polarization and the second polarization are activated together during the subframe duration using SISO, the complex modulation value for the first polarization corresponding to the SISO subframe and the complex modulation value for the second polarization may be the same.

[0356] At this time, the first polarization transmission signal can be generated using a scaling factor of the first polarization, and the second polarization transmission signal can be generated using a scaling factor of the second polarization.

[0357] At this time, the scaling factor of the first polarization and the scaling factor of the second polarization may be applied to values ​​corresponding to complex modulation values ​​that are not set for each polarization for the preamble, and may be applied to values ​​corresponding to complex modulation values ​​that are set for each polarization for at least one subframe.

[0358] At this time, for the second polarization, the power of the preamble symbol corresponding to the preamble may refer to the data symbol power of the first subframe that activates the second polarization.

[0359] At this time, for a SISO subframe in which the first polarization and the second polarization are activated together, the scaling factor of the second polarization may correspond to a power level that remains the same for all physical layer pipes within the subframe.

[0360] At this time, for the second type layered MIMO subframe, the scaling factor of the second polarization may correspond to an injection level that remains the same for all enhanced layer physical layer pipes within the subframe.

[0361] At this time, in the case of a MIMO subframe or a first type layered MIMO subframe, the scaling factor of the second polarization may correspond to a power level that remains the same for all combined physical layer pipes within the subframe. At this time, the combined physical layer pipe may be a unit formed by LDM combining a core layer physical layer pipe and an enhanced layer physical layer pipe.

[0362] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a physical layer frame of a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0363] Referring to FIG. 13, it can be seen that the physical layer frame of a broadcast signal according to one embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which a bootstrap, a preamble, and a data subframe are connected in time series.

[0364] In particular, data within the physical layer frame illustrated in FIG. 13 can be transmitted using multiple data subframes.

[0365] A broadcast signal transmitter for MIMO transmission has a MIMO exciter that outputs two polarization transmission signals (a first polarization transmission signal and a second polarization transmission signal), and each polarization transmission signal can be output through a power amplifier. That is, the two polarization transmission signals can be output through two power amplifiers.

[0366] The polarization transmission signals, which are outputs of the MIMO exciter corresponding to each of the two MIMO transmit antennas (polarizations), may correspond to bootstrap and preamble signals of the same configuration, and the output powers of the polarization transmission signals may be different. Furthermore, the transmission powers of the two power amplifiers through which each of the polarization transmission signals passes may also be set differently.

[0367] At this time, setting the transmission power of the second polarization (second antenna) to a small value may be helpful in ensuring successful decoding of the core layer data (legacy service) of the first polarization (first antenna).

[0368] At this time, the data subframes of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may be composed of signals of different types. That is, the data transmitted through the first polarization and the data transmitted through the second polarization may be different from each other.

[0369] At this time, the first polarization may correspond to a typical layered division multiplexing (LDM) configuration having both a core layer and an enhanced layer, while the second polarization may have a unique configuration having only an enhanced layer without a core layer.

[0370] To support such a unique structure, appropriate power scaling for each polarization may be required in the IFFT block within the waveform generator.

[0371] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating broadcast signal frames transmitted through two MIMO antennas according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0372] Referring to FIG. 14, it can be seen that the power of the enhanced layer signal (ANT1 SIG.) of the first antenna (TRANSMIT ANTENNA #1, first polarization) and the power of the enhanced layer signal (ANT2 SIG.) of the second antenna (TRANSMIT ANTENNA #2, second polarization) are the same.

[0373] At this time, in the example shown in FIG. 14, the first antenna (TRANSMIT ANTENNA #1, first polarization) and the second antenna (TRANSMIT ANTENNA #2, second polarization) can commonly use the L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level field.

[0374] For convenience of explanation, the bootstrap and preamble are illustrated together in FIG. 14, but as described above, the bootstrap and preamble may be transmitted sequentially.

[0375] As a result, the transmission power of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal can be set differently.

[0376] At this time, the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may pass through the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier, respectively. At this time, the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal that have passed through the power amplifiers may be output with different transmission powers through a transmission line physically connected to transmission antenna 1 and a transmission line physically connected to transmission antenna 2, respectively.

[0377] At this time, the ratio between the output power of the first polarization transmission signal and the output power of the second polarization transmission signal can be determined corresponding to the L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level field.

[0378] That is, when setting the transmission power of the first polarization transmission signal and the transmission power of the second polarization transmission signal in the waveform generators, the L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level field can be taken into consideration when setting the transmission power.

[0379] The waveform generators illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, or FIG. 12 may include an IFFT block. In particular, for the IFFT block, the baseband time domain signal after the IFFT may be expressed as in Equation 1 below for each of the first and second polarizations.

[0380] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0381]

[0382] That is, the above mathematical expression 1 represents a post-IFFT signal description.

[0383] In the above mathematical expression 1, Ψ l,k (t) can be expressed as in the following mathematical formula 2, and Ψ m,l,k (t) can be expressed as in the following mathematical formula 3. In this case, Ψ l,k (t) and Ψ m,l,k (t) may be the same as the values ​​defined in the existing ATSC 3.0 A / 322 standard.

[0384] [Equation 2]

[0385]

[0386] [Equation 3]

[0387]

[0388] At this time, a can represent a polarization (antenna) index. At this time, a can be set to 0 for the first polarization, and a can be set to 1 for the second polarization.

[0389] At this time, k can represent the carrier number.

[0390] At this time, l can represent an OFDM symbol number starting from 0 for the first preamble symbol of a frame and being reset at the first OFDM symbol of each subframe.

[0391] At this time, m is 0 ≤ m < N SF It can indicate the subframe number.

[0392] At this time, c l,k may be the complex modulation value for carrier k of the preamble symbol number l.

[0393] At this time, c a,m,l,k may be the complex modulation value for carrier k of the OFDM symbol number l in subframe number m associated with polarization a.

[0394] At this time, K m [a] may be a scaling coefficient subject to subframe number m and antenna index a. That is, the scaling coefficient K m[a] may vary depending on the antenna index and may also vary depending on the subframe. In this case, the scaling factor K m [a] can be kept the same within one subframe, and therefore, for the second type layered MIMO subframe, the injection level can be kept the same within one subframe.

[0395] At this time, K m The value of [a] may be related to injection level information as summarized in Table 4 below.

[0396] Antenna-Specific Injection Level of EL below CL [dB]K m[a]Type AType Ba= 0, 1a= 0a= 10.01.00000001.00000000.70710680.51.00000001.00000000.68647611.01.00000001.00000000.66534831.51.00000001.00000000.64381782.01.00000001.00000000.62198322.51.00000001.0000000.59994583.01.00000001.00000000.57780673.51.00000001.00000000.55 566524.01.00000001.00000000.5336174.51.00000001.00000000.51175285.01.00000001.00000000.49015616.01.00000001.00000000.44806257.01.00000001.0000000.40784508.01.00000001.00000000.36987429.01.00000001.00000000.334388710.01.000000001.00000000 .301511411.01.00000001.00000000.271270312.01.00000001.00000000.243620413.01.00000001.00000000.218464414.01.00000001.00000000.195669315.01.00000001.00000000.175081216.01.00000001.0000000.156535517.01.00000001.00000000.139865318.01.00000 001.00000000.124906619.01.00000001.00000000.111502120.01.00000001.00000000.099503721.01.00000001.00000000.088773222.01.00000001.00000000.079183423.01.00000001.0000000.070617924.01.00000001.0000000.062970525.01.00000001.0000000.0561454

[0397] That is, Table 4 shows the scaling factor according to the injection level of the injection layer when LDM and MIMO are used together.

[0398] At this time, Type A in the above Table 4 corresponds to the transmitter structure illustrated in FIG. 12 (or FIG. 2 and FIG. 4), and Type B corresponds to the transmitter structure illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5.

[0399] At this time, the IFFT output of the above mathematical expression 1 may correspond to a case where all frames use a combination technique of LDM and MIMO. If a subframe corresponding to a combination of LDM and MIMO is time-division multiplexed with a subframe to which LDM and MIMO are not applied together, the IFFT processing may need to be expressed differently.

[0400] At this time, NoC P,l is (l+ 1) th The number of carriers in the preamble symbol (l+ 1) th preamble symbol). The first preamble symbol (l=0) always has the minimum NoC, and the subsequent preamble symbols (0 <l<L Fp ) can share the same NoC value that is signaled in L1-Basic.

[0401] At this time, NoC m can represent the number of carriers of subframe m.

[0402] At this time, L SFm can represent the number of data and subframe boundary symbols in subframe m.

[0403] At this time, L Fp can represent the number of OFDM symbols in the preamble.

[0404] At this time, N SF can indicate the number of subframes in a frame.

[0405] At this time, P'preamble,a,l is (l + 1) derived from the input (before scaling by K0[a]) of the IFFT block associated with polarization a. th The frequency domain total power of the (l + 1) preamble symbol th A preamble symbol, derived from the input to the IFFT block (before scaling by K0[a]) associated with polarization a) can be represented. In this case, P'preamble,a,l is P defined in the existing ATSC 3.0 A / 322 standard. preamble,l can share the same value as (l + 1) for polarization a. th The power of the preamble symbol is scaled by K0[a] (K0[a]) 2 It can be adjusted to P'preamble,a,l.

[0406] At this time, P' data,a,mcan represent the frequency domain total power of each data and subframe boundary symbol in subframe m, derived from the input to the IFFT block associated with polarization a. In this case, P' data,a,m is defined in the existing ATSC 3.0 A / 322 standard. data,m can share the same value. With respect to the data and subframe boundary symbols transmitted from polarization a, the power of subframe m is scaled by K0[a] (K m [a]) 2 P' data,a,m can be adjusted to

[0407] At this time, k' can represent the carrier index relative to the center frequency. That is, k' can be k - (NoC - 1) / 2.

[0408] At this time, T sm can represent the total symbol duration of each data and subframe boundary symbol in subframe m. In this case, T Sm = T Um + T Gm It could be.

[0409] At this time, T Umcan represent the useful symbol duration for each data and subframe boundary symbol in subframe m.

[0410] At this time, T Gm may represent the duration of the guard interval for each data and subframe boundary symbol in subframe m including extra samples for each data and subframe boundary symbol.

[0411] At this time, T BS can represent the duration of the bootstrap.

[0412] At this time, T P can represent the total duration of the preamble. At this time, T P = L Fp T Sp It could be.

[0413] At this time, T Sp can represent the total symbol duration of each preamble symbol. At this time, T Sp = T Up + T Gp It could be.

[0414] At this time, T Upcan represent the useful symbol duration for each preamble symbol.

[0415] At this time, T Gp can represent the duration of the guard interval for each preamble symbol.

[0416] At this time, T SFm can represent the total duration of all data and subframe boundary symbols in subframe m.

[0417] At this time, ∑T SFm can represent the summation of the total duration of subframes from 0 to m-1.

[0418] The generation of the baseband time domain signal can be performed serially for each polarization stream. Each polarization stream can transmit different complex modulation values ​​at the same cell position. Therefore, the antenna-specific notation c a,m,l,k This can be used.

[0419] Complex modulation values ​​c obtained from previous function blocks l,k and c a,m,l,k Given this, the IFFT blocks have scalar coefficients K m Power scaling can be performed based on [a].

[0420] Allowed K m Correlation between the values ​​of [a] and the injection level (allowed values ​​of K m[a] and the correspondence to the injection level) are expressed in Table 4 above. In particular, all K except the second polarization (a = 1) of Type B in Table 4 m [a] can be given as 1 (unity).

[0421] At this time, IFFT power normalization is performed for polarization a and subframe m by normalizing the average power of the baseband time domain signal (K m [a]) 2 can be normalized. At this time, for the preamble, the average power is (K0[a]) 2 This power normalization applies an IFFT power normalization factor 1 / √P'preamble,a,l to the preamble and an IFFT power normalization factor 1 / √P' to the data and subframe boundary symbols. data,a,m This can be achieved by applying .

[0422] Frequency domain power parameters P'preamble, a, l and P' data,a,m is K m Carrier signals that are not scaled by [a] (e.g., c l,k and c a,m,l,k ) can be derived from.

[0423] Parameters not explicitly defined here may be used identically to those defined in the existing ATSC 3.0 A / 322 standard.

[0424] In MIMO transmission, even in the same OFDM cell location, the values ​​corresponding to the data cells (and cells of the subframe boundary symbols) transmitted by the first and second polarizations are different. Therefore, the IFFT power normalization factor reflected in the IFFT process during MIMO transmission can be calculated based on the frequency domain total power for each polarization.

[0425] A MIMO transmitter can multiplex and transmit MIMO-applied subframes (MIMO subframes) and SISO transmission-based subframes (Non-MIMO subframes) in a TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) manner within one transmission frame.

[0426] At this time, the transmission frame transmitted from the MIMO transmitter can be one of two types: i) a pure MIMO frame in which all subframes adopt the MIMO method, and ii) a TDM-based frame in which SISO subframes and MIMO subframes coexist.

[0427] When a SISO signal is transmitted from a MIMO transmitter according to the existing ATSC 3.0 A / 322 standard, the following two methods can be used.

[0428] - In the SISO subframe section, the SISO signal is transmitted only in the first polarization and the second polarization is disabled in that section.

[0429] - In the SISO subframe section, the SISO signal is transmitted through both the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0430] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which, in a SISO subframe section, a SISO signal is transmitted only in the first polarization and the second polarization is deactivated in that section.

[0431] Referring to FIG. 15, it can be seen that the second polarization (ANT2) is muted in the section where the Non-MIMO subframe is transmitted through the first polarization (ANT1).

[0432] That is, in the example of FIG. 15, the first polarization transmits SISO subframes and the second polarization is deactivated in the meantime.

[0433] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example in which a SISO signal is transmitted through both the first polarization and the second polarization in a SISO subframe section.

[0434] Referring to FIG. 16, it can be seen that the same Non-MIMO subframe is transmitted through both the first polarization (ANT1) and the second polarization (ANT2).

[0435] That is, in the example of FIG. 16, the first polarization and the second polarization transmit the same signal copies of SISO subframes.

[0436] Below, a waveform generation method and parameters therefor covering both cases of FIGS. 15 and 16 are described in detail.

[0437] When MIMO (single layer MIMO) is used, the baseband time domain signal after IFFT can be described in a polarization-specific fashion as shown in Equation 4 below.

[0438] [Equation 4]

[0439]

[0440] In the above mathematical expression 4, Ψ l,k (t), Ψ m,l,k (t), k, l, m and c l,k The parameters of the back have already been explained.

[0441] As mentioned above, a may represent a polarization (antenna) index. In this case, a may be set to 0 for the first polarization, and a may be set to 1 for the second polarization.

[0442] As mentioned above, c a,m,l,kmay be the complex modulation value for carrier k of the OFDM symbol number l in subframe number m associated with polarization a. That is, c a,m,l,k may be the cell signal value of the kth subcarrier of the lth OFDM symbol of the mth subframe among the signals transmitted in polarization a.

[0443] At this time, S M,a may be the set of subframe numbers for which polarization a is active during the corresponding transmission. In this case, S M,0 is the first subframe indicator set for the first polarization, and S M,1 may be a second subframe indicator set for the second polarization.

[0444] At this time, NoC P,l , NoC m , L SFm , L Fp and N SF As for the back, it is as described above.

[0445] At this time, P preamble,l is (l + 1) th The per-polarization frequency domain total power of (l + 1) of the preamble symbol th can represent a preamble symbol).

[0446] At this time, P data,mcan represent the per-polarization frequency domain total power of each data and subframe boundary symbol in subframe m.

[0447] All other parameters of the above mathematical expression 4 are the same as previously explained, and parameters not clearly defined here can be used in the same way as those defined in the existing ATSC 3.0 A / 322 standard.

[0448] At this time, the MIMO transmitter may be required to transmit the same preamble symbol for the first polarization and the second polarization. Therefore, in Equation 4, a common value c is used regardless of the polarization index a. l,k This can be shared. The carrier signals in the data and subframe boundary symbols can differ between polarizations, and therefore the corresponding carrier modulation value c a,m,l,k is polarization-uniquely defined (Carrier signals in data and subframe boundary symbols may differ between polarization, and hence the corresponding carrier modulation value c a,m,l,k may be defined as polarization-specific).

[0449] IFFT power normalization for MIMO can be applied to each polarization stream. For MIMO use, P preamble,l and P data,m The definitions of may be defined as the frequency domain total power per polarization. In this case, P for MIMO preamble,l and P data,mThe evaluation can be identical to SISO processing.

[0450] The post-IFFT signal representation of the MIMO version described in Equation 4 is compatible with the examples of FIGS. 15 and 16, and the subframe indicator set S M,a may vary depending on the embodiment.

[0451] If all subframes within a frame use MIMO, S M,a Regardless of the value of a, 0 ≤ m < N SF (N SF It must consist of all integers within the range of the number of subframes within the above frame. That is, S M,a = {0, ..., N SF - It should be {1}.

[0452] The TDM of the MIMO subframe(s) and SISO subframe(s) may involve the transmission of SISO signals in the MIMO transmitter. In this case, the transmission of the SISO signals in the MIMO transmitter may be performed using one of the examples of FIGS. 15 and 16 described above.

[0453] If only the first polarization is activated and the second polarization is deactivated during the subframe duration using SISO, then S M,a S for a which is 0 M,a = {0, ..., N SF - 1} and must be composed of subframe numbers that use MIMO for a of 1. For example, the total N SF = If MIMO is applied to subframe 2 and subframe 3 among 4 subframes, S M,1 (Second subframe indicator set) is {2, 3}, and S M,0 (The first subframe indicator set) can be {0, 1, 2, 3}.

[0454] If both the first polarization and the second polarization are active during the subframe duration using SISO, S M,a Regardless of the value of a, 0 ≤ m < N SF (N SF It must consist of all subframe numbers within the above frame (the number of subframes within the above frame). That is, S M,a = {0, ..., N SF - 1} should be. At this time, c a,m,l,k c when m points to a SISO subframe 0,m,l,k = c 1,m,l,k It may have to continue.

[0455] A broadcast signal frame including a layered MIMO subframe can be transmitted using a broadcast signal transmission device illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5 (Type B layered MIMO of the second type) or FIGS. 2 and 4 (or 12) (Type A layered MIMO of the first type).

[0456] FIGS. 17 and 18 are diagrams showing examples of broadcast signal frames transmitted through two polarizations when layered MIMO is applied.

[0457] Referring to FIG. 17, it can be seen that the first type layered MIMO is applied and hierarchically divided multiplexed streams are transmitted with the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0458] Referring to FIG. 18, it can be seen that the second type layered MIMO is applied, and a layered multiplexed stream is transmitted with the first polarization, and a single layer stream (enhanced layer) is transmitted with the second polarization.

[0459] FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example in which two or more subframes using SISO, MIMO, and layered MIMO methods are TDM.

[0460] Referring to FIG. 19, it can be seen that the second type layered MIMO subframe and the MIMO subframe are included in one frame via TDM.

[0461] In the example illustrated in FIG. 19, a second type layered MIMO subframe is positioned before a MIMO subframe. However, depending on the embodiment, the MIMO subframe may be positioned before the second type layered MIMO subframe. That is, it may be required that a subframe with a high transmission power be positioned preferentially within the frame. In this case, the power of the preamble symbol of the second polarization may be set based on the power of the data symbol of the first subframe that activates the second polarization. In this case, the power of the preamble symbol of the second polarization may be set to be equal to the power of the data symbol of the first subframe that activates the second polarization.

[0462] Layered MIMO subframes (Type 1 layered MIMO subframes and Type 2 layered MIMO subframes) can also be TDM'd with other subframes (Non-MIMO subframes and MIMO subframes). In such TDM cases, the baseband time domain signal can be described by a polarization-specific representation as shown in Equation 5 below.

[0463] [Equation 5]

[0464]

[0465] At this time, S M,a may be the set of subframe numbers for which polarization a is active during the corresponding transmission. In this case, S M,0 is the first subframe indicator set for the first polarization, and S M,1may be a second subframe indicator set for the second polarization.

[0466] The post-IFFT signal representation of the layered MIMO version described in Equation 5 is compatible with the examples of FIGS. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21, and the subframe indicator set S M,a may vary depending on the embodiment.

[0467] At this time, if subframe m is not a layered MIMO subframe, K m [a] may be 1. In this case, if the first subframe is not a layered MIMO subframe, K0[a] may be 1.

[0468] At this time, for each polarization, the power of the preamble symbol can refer to the power of the data symbol of the first subframe that activates the corresponding polarization. This is S M,a (i) This S M,a Scaling factor K when representing the (i+1)th element SM,a(0) It can be indicated by [a]. That is, in mathematical expression 5, S M,a (0) is S M,a Represents the first element of .

[0469] Depending on the embodiment, subframes may have a scaling factor K m [1] can be sorted in descending order.

[0470] When pure SISO subframes are transmitted in a layered MIMO transmitter such as the examples illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 or FIG. 12 (FIGS. 2 and 4), SISO (Non-MIMO) subframes may be transmitted only via polarization 1 while the second polarization may be disabled, or the first polarization and the second polarization may transmit identical signal copies of the SISO subframes.

[0471] If SISO (Non-MIMO) subframes are transmitted only through polarization 1 and polarization 2 is disabled during that time, S M,0 0 ≤ m < N SF It can be made up of all integers, i.e., S M,0 is {0, ..., N SF -1} can be. At this time, S M,1 It can be composed of subframe numbers using MIMO or layered MIMO.

[0472] If the first polarization and the second polarization transmit identical signal copies of SISO subframes, S M,a 0 ≤ m < N regardless of the value of a SF It can be made up of all integers, i.e., S M,a is {0, ..., N regardless of the value of a SF -1} can be. At this time, c a,m,l,k c when m points to a SISO subframe 0,m,l,k = c 1,m,l,k It may have to continue.

[0473] Other parameters are as described above.

[0474] Depending on the embodiment, all enhanced layer physical layer pipes within a subframe using Type 2 layered MIMO may be required to use the same injection level.

[0475] That is, in the aforementioned mathematical equations 1 and 5, K m [a] can only be used as a non-1 value for the second polarization. In this case, K m [a] is a value determined by the injection level of the enhanced layer.

[0476] The injection level of the enhanced layer can be set independently for each physical layer, but in the above mathematical expressions 1 and 5, K is set in units more detailed than subframes. m [a] cannot be set otherwise.

[0477] Therefore, when Type 2 Layered MIMO is applied, all enhanced layer physical layer pipes within a subframe may be required to use the same injection level.

[0478] Furthermore, in order to maintain the consistency of the transmission structure combining layered division multiplexing and MIMO, not only when Type 2 layered MIMO is applied but also when Type 1 layered MIMO is applied, all enhanced layer physical layer pipes within a subframe may be required to use the same injection level.

[0479] Finally, when layered MIMO is applied, all enhanced layer physical layer pipes within a subframe may be required to use the same injection level.

[0480] FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a broadcast signal frame including a second type layered MIMO subframe transmitted with two polarizations.

[0481] Referring to FIG. 20, it can be seen that within one second type layered MIMO subframe (SUBFRAME 0), the injection levels of the layered division multiplexed enhanced layer physical layer pipes (PLP2, PLP3) are maintained the same.

[0482] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a broadcast signal frame including a first type layered MIMO subframe transmitted with two polarizations.

[0483] Referring to FIG. 21, it can be seen that within one type 1 layered MIMO subframe (SUBFRAME 0), the injection levels of the layered division multiplexed enhanced layer physical layer pipes (PLP2, PLP3) are maintained the same.

[0484] The first type layered MIMO illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4 and the second type layered MIMO illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5 can be signaled by the first 1-bit field and the second 1-bit field as described above.

[0485] At this time, the first 1-bit field may be L1B_first_sub_mimo (for the first subframe) or L1D_mimo (for other subframes), and the second 1-bit field may be L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed (for the first subframe) or L1D_mimo_mixed (for other subframes).

[0486] That is, the first type layered MIMO and the second type layered MIMO can be distinguished by the conjunction of a first 1-bit field such as L1B_first_sub_mimo (for the first subframe) or L1D_mimo (for other subframes) and a second 1-bit field such as L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed (for the first subframe) or L1D_mimo_mixed (for other subframes).

[0487] As described above, L1B_first_sub_mimo and L1D_mimo are fields that indicate whether MIMO is applied to the corresponding subframe, and can indicate whether MIMO is applied to all physical layer pipes of the corresponding subframe.

[0488] That is, L1B_first_sub_mimo may be set to 1 if MIMO processing is applied to all physical layer pipes of the first subframe, and may be set to 0 if the first subframe contains at least one physical layer pipe to which MIMO processing is not applied.

[0489] Additionally, L1D_mimo may be set to 1 if MIMO processing is applied to all physical layer pipes of the current subframe, and may be set to 0 if the current subframe contains at least one physical layer pipe to which MIMO processing is not applied.

[0490] As mentioned above, when the second type layered MIMO is applied, MIMO is not applied to the core layer physical layer pipe, so L1B_first_sub_mimo or L1D_mimo may be set to 0 instead of 1.

[0491] L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed can be included in the L1-Basic parameters, similar to L1B_first_sub_mimo. In this case, L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed can indicate whether the first subframe of the current frame multiplexes physical layer pipes that use MIMO and other physical layer pipes that do not use MIMO. That is, if physical layer pipes that use MIMO and physical layer pipes that do not use MIMO are multiplexed in the first subframe, L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed can be set to 1. If all physical layer pipes in the first subframe use MIMO (L1B_first_sub_mimo = 1) or do not use MIMO (L1B_first_sub_mimo = 0), L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed can be set to 0.

[0492] In some embodiments, only LDM may enable multiplexing of physical layer pipe(s) that use MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) that do not use MIMO within a single subframe. In this case, MIMO may only be used for the enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s) and not for the core layer physical layer pipe(s). Accordingly, L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed = 1 may indicate that MIMO is used in the given enhanced layer and MIMO is not used in the given core layer, while necessarily premising the use of LDM in the first subframe of the current frame.

[0493] At this time, L1B_first_sub_mimo_ldm may be used as a second 1-bit field. L1B_first_sub_mimo_ldm may indicate whether MIMO is used for the enhanced layer in the first subframe of the current frame, subject to the use of SISO in the associated core layer. If L1B_first_sub_mimo_ldm is set to 1, it may indicate that MIMO is used only for the given enhanced layer and not for the core layer, and that LDM is used in the first subframe. L1B_first_sub_mimo_ldm may be set to 0 if MIMO is used or not for both the core layer and the enhanced layer, or if LDM is not used in the first subframe.

[0494] Table 5 below shows the L1-Basic signaling fields and syntax including L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed.

[0495] SyntaxNo. of BitsFormatL1_Basic_signaling() {L1B_version3uimsbfL1B_mimo_scattered_pilot_encoding1uimsbfL1B_lls_flag1uimsbfL1B_time_info_flag2uimsbfL1B_return_channel_flag1uimsbfL1B_papr_reduction2uimsbfL1B_frame_length_mode1uimsbfif (L1B_frame_length_mode=0 ) {L1B_frame_length10uimsbfL1B_excess_samples_per_symbol13uimsbf} else{L1B_time_offset16uimsbfL1B_additional_samples7uimsbf}L1B_num_subframes8uimsbfL1B_preamble_num_symbols3uimsbfL1B_preamble_reduced_carriers3uimsbfL1B_L1_Detail_content_tag2uimsbfL 1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes13uimsbfL1B_L1_Detail_fec_type3uimsbfL1B_L1_Detail_additional_parity_mode2uimsbfL1B_L1_Detail_total_cells19uimsbfL1B_first_sub_mimo1uimsbfL1B_first_sub_miso 2uimsbfL1B_first_sub_fft_size2uimsbfL1B_first_sub_reduced_carriers3uimsbfL1B_first_sub_guard_interval4uimsbfL1B_first_sub_num_ofdm_symbols11uimsbfL1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_pat tern5uimsbfL1B_first_sub_scattered_pilot_boost3uimsbfL1B_first_sub_sbs_first1uimsbfL1B_first_sub_sbs_last1uimsbfL1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed1uimsbfL1B_reserved47uimsbfL1B_crc32uimsbf}

[0496] L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed instead of L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed in Table 5 may be replaced by L1B_first_sub_mimo_ldm.

[0497] Table 6 below is a table showing the channel format for L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed with L1B_first_sub_mimo.

[0498] MIMO ConfigurationsRelated L1-Basic Signaling AssignmentL1B_first_sub_mimoL1B_first_sub_mimo_mixedAll PLPs in first subframe use SISO00PLPs of both types in first subframe01All PLPs in first subframe use MIMO10Invalid Combination11

[0499] As can be seen from Table 6, setting L1B_first_sub_mimo to 1 may be mutually exclusive with setting L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed to 1.

[0500] When LDM is applied to the first subframe of a frame, L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed set to 1 may indicate that MIMO processing is applied to all enhanced layer physical layer pipes of this subframe and that MIMO processing is not applied to all core layer physical layer pipes.

[0501] If all physical layer pipes in the first subframe are SISO or MIMO, any of the available multiplexing schemes (TDM, FDM, LDM, and combinations thereof) can be applied.

[0502] In this case, if MIMO must be applied differently for each layer within a subframe, LDM multiplexing may be required for that subframe. TDM, FDM, or a combination thereof may be applied to each layer or both layers, as needed.

[0503] When physical layer pipe(s) with L1D_plp_layer > 0 (enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s)) exist in the first subframe of the current frame, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed in conjunction with L1B_first_sub_mimo. The first type layered MIMO can be signaled by two parameters: L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed = 0, L1B_first_sub_mimo = 1, and the second type layered MIMO can be signaled by two parameters: L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed = 1, L1B_first_sub_mimo = 0.

[0504] By signaling the type of layered MIMO as a combination of two signaling fields in this way, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled efficiently while ensuring compatibility with existing receivers.

[0505] L1D_mimo_mixed can be included in the L1-Detail subframe parameters, similar to L1D_mimo. At this time, L1D_mimo_mixed can indicate whether the current subframe multiplexes physical layer pipes that use MIMO and other physical layer pipes that do not use MIMO. That is, if physical layer pipes that use MIMO and physical layer pipes that do not use MIMO are multiplexed in the current subframe, L1D_mimo_mixed can be set to 1. If all physical layer pipes in the current subframe use MIMO (L1D_mimo = 1) or do not use MIMO (L1D_mimo = 0), L1D_mimo_mixed can be set to 0.

[0506] In some embodiments, only LDM may enable multiplexing of physical layer pipe(s) that use MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) that do not use MIMO within a single subframe. In this case, MIMO may only be used for the enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s) and may not be used for the core layer physical layer pipe(s). Therefore, L1D_mimo_mixed = 1 may indicate that MIMO is used in the given enhanced layer and MIMO is not used in the given core layer, while necessarily premising the use of LDM in the current subframe.

[0507] At this time, L1D_mimo_ldm may be used as a second 1-bit field. L1D_mimo_ldm may indicate whether MIMO is used for the enhanced layer in the current subframe, subject to the use of SISO in the associated core layer. If L1D_mimo_ldm is set to 1, it may indicate that MIMO is used only for the given enhanced layer and not for the core layer, and LDM is used for the current subframe. L1D_mimo_ldm may be set to 0 if MIMO is used or not for both the core layer and the enhanced layer, or if LDM is not used for the current subframe.

[0508] Table 7 below shows the L1-Detail signaling fields and syntax that include L1D_mimo_mixed.

[0509] SyntaxNo. of BitsFormatL1_Detail_signaling() {L1D_version4UimsbfL1D_num_rf3Uimsbffor (L1D_rf_id=1 .. L1D_num_rf){L1D_bonded_bsid16Uimsbfreserved3Bslbf}if (L1B_time_info_flag!= 00) {L1D_time_sec32UimsbfL1D_time_msec10Uimsbfif (L1B_time_info_flag!= 01) {L1D_time_usec10Uimsbfif (L1B_time_info_flag!= 10) {L1D_time_nsec10Uimsbf}}}for (i=0 .. L1B_num_subframes) {if (i > 0) {L1D_mimo1UimsbfL1D_miso2UimsbfL1D_fft_size2UimsbfL1D_reduced_carriers3UimsbfL1D_guard_interval4UimsbfL1D_num_ofdm_symbols11UimsbfL1D_scattered_pilot_pattern5UimsbfL1D_scattered_pilot_boost3UimsbfL1D_sbs_first1UimsbfL1D_sbs_last1Uimsbf}if (L1B_num_subframes>0) {L1D_subframe_multiplex1Uimsbf}L1D_frequency_interleaver1Uimsbfif (((i=0)&&(L1B_first_sub_sbs_first || L1B_first_sub_sbs_last)) ||((i>0)&&(L1D_sbs_first | L1D_sbs_last))) {L1D_sbs_null_cells13Uimsbf}L1D_num_plp6Uimsbffor (j=0 ..L1D_num_plp) {L1D_plp_id6UimsbfL1D_plp_lls_flag1UimsbfL1D_plp_layer2UimsbfL1D_plp_start24UimsbfL1D_plp_size24UimsbfL1D_plp_scrambler_type2UimsbfL1D_plp_fec_type4Uimsbfif (L1D_plp_fec_type∈{0,1,2,3,4,5}) {L1D_plp_mod4UimsbfL1D_plp_cod4Uimsbf}L1D_plp_TI_mode2Uimsbfif (L1D_plp_TI_mode=00) {L1D_plp_fec_block_start15Uimsbf} else if (L1D_plp_TI_mode=01) {L1D_plp_CTI_fec_block_start22Uimsbf}if (L1D_num_rf>0) {L1D_plp_num_channel_bonded3Uimsbfif (L1D_plp_num_channel_bonded>0) {L1D_plp_channel_bonding_format2Uimsbffor (k=0..L1D_plp_num_channel_bonded){L1D_plp_bonded_rf_id3Uimsbf}}}if (i=0 &&L1B_first_sub_mimo=1) || (i >0 &&L1D_mimo=1) {L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining1UimsbfL1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving1UimsbfL1D_plp_mimo_PH1Uimsbf}if (L1D_plp_layer=0) {L1D_plp_type1Uimsbfif (L1D_plp_type=1) {L1D_plp_num_subslices14UimsbfL1D_plp_subslice_interval24Uimsbf}if (((L1D_plp_TI_mode=01) ||(L1D_plp_TI_mode=10))&&(L1D_plp_mod=0000)) {L1D_plp_TI_extended_interleaving1Uimsbf}if (L1D_plp_TI_mode=01) {L1D_plp_CTI_depth3UimsbfL1D_plp_CTI_start_row11Uimsbf}else if (L1D_plp_TI_mode=10) {L1D_plp_HTI_inter_subframe1UimsbfL1D_plp_HTI_num_ti_blocks4UimsbfL1D_plp_HTI_num_fec_blocks_max12Uimsbfif (L1D_plp_HTI_inter_subframe=0) {L1D_plp_HTI_num_fec_blocks12Uimsbf}else {for (k=0..L1D_plp_HTI_num_ti_blocks) {L1D_plp_HTI_num_fec_blocks12Uimsbf}}L1D_plp_HTI_cell_interleaver1Uimsbf}}else {L1D_plp_ldm_injection_level5Uimsbf}}}L1D_bsid16Uimsbffor (i=0 ..L1B_num_subframes) {if (i > 0) {L1D_mimo_mixed1Uimsbf}if (i=0 &&L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed=1) || (i>0 &&L1D_mimo_mixed=1) {for (j=0 ..L1D_num_plp) {L1D_plp_mimo1Uimsbfif (L1D_plp_mimo=1) {L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining1UimsbfL1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving1UimsbfL1D_plp_mimo_PH1Uimsbf}}}}L1D_reservedas neededL1D_crc32}.

[0510] In Table 7 above, L1D_mimo_ldm may be included instead of L1D_mimo_mixed.

[0511] The type of layered MIMO can be either type 1 layered MIMO or type 2 layered MIMO, which can be determined by the conjunction of the first 1-bit field (L1B_first_sub_mimo or L1D_mimo) and the second 1-bit field (L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed or L1D_mimo_mixed).

[0512] At this time, if L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed = 0 and L1B_first_sub_mimo = 1 for the first subframe, it may mean the first type layered MIMO.

[0513] At this time, if L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed = 1 and L1B_first_sub_mimo = 0 for the first subframe, it may mean the second type layered MIMO.

[0514] At this time, if L1D_mimo_mixed = 0 and L1D_mimo = 1 for the second and subsequent subframes, it may mean the first type layered MIMO.

[0515] At this time, if L1D_mimo_mixed = 1 and L1D_mimo = 0 for the second and subsequent subframes, it may mean the second type layered MIMO.

[0516] As mentioned above, L1B_first_sub_mimo_ldm can be used instead of L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed, and L1D_mimo_ldm can be used instead of L1D_mimo_mixed.

[0517] As described above, when notifying the receiver that MIMO and SISO are combined using the first 1-bit field and the second 1-bit field, the enhanced layer can notify the receiver of the MIMO precoding application method (precoding signaling fields) through L1 signaling.

[0518] In Table 7 above, L1D_plp_mimo is a 1-bit field that can indicate whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe when the current subframe includes both a physical layer pipe with MIMO applied and a physical layer pipe without MIMO applied.

[0519] That is, in a broadcast signal transmission system in which MIMO is applied to an RF channel using a first 1-bit field and a second 1-bit field, multiple physical layer pipes are multiplexed in a subframe to which MIMO is applied, and MIMO is applied to some physical layer pipe(s) among the multiplexed physical layer pipes and MIMO is not applied to other physical layer pipe(s), it is necessary to signal whether MIMO is applied to each physical layer pipe.

[0520] At this time, the preamble may include a signaling field (L1D_plp_mimo) indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe if a preset condition is satisfied.

[0521] At this time, the preset condition may be a condition set based on the second 1-bit field (L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed or L1D_mimo_mixed). At this time, the preset condition may correspond to if (i=0 && L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed=1) || (i>0 && L1D_mimo_mixed=1) (i is a subframe index and an integer greater than or equal to 0).

[0522] At this time, the preset condition may correspond to whether the current subframe includes physical layer pipe(s) that use MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) that do not use MIMO. At this time, the signaling field (L1D_plp_mimo) indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe may be signaled only when the second 1-bit field (L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed or L1D_mimo_mixed) is 1. At this time, if the signaling field (L1D_plp_mimo) indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe is 1, it may indicate that MIMO is used, and if it is 0, it may indicate that MIMO is not used. When LDM is applied to a subframe corresponding to the second 1-bit field (L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed or L1D_mimo_mixed), only the enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s) can use MIMO.

[0523] As illustrated in Table 7, L1D_plp_mimo, which indicates whether MIMO is applied to each physical layer pipe, can be included in the L1-Detail signaling area.

[0524] At this time, rather than signaling whether MIMO is applied to all physical layer pipes present in the entire transmission frame, a field indicating whether MIMO is applied per physical layer pipe may be signaled only for a specific subframe in which the second 1-bit field is set to 1 (when the subframe multiplexes physical layer pipe(s) using MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) not using MIMO). Therefore, the number of bits required to signal the field indicating whether MIMO is applied per physical layer pipe may be minimized.

[0525] At this time, if the signaling field (L1D_plp_mimo) indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1, three precoding signaling fields (L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining, L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving, L1D_plp_mimo_PH) corresponding to the given physical layer pipe may be included in the preamble.

[0526] In this way, when physical layer pipe(s) using MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) not using MIMO are mixed in one subframe, the number of bits required to signal precoding parameters (signaling fields) can be optimized by signaling three precoding signaling fields (L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining, L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving, L1D_plp_mimo_PH) only when L1D_plp_mimo is 1.

[0527] At this time, for the second type layered MIMO, precoding signaling fields (L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining, L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving, L1D_plp_mimo_PH) can be defined within a conditional statement corresponding to the second 1-bit field (L1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed or L1D_mimo_mixed).

[0528] At this time, precoding signaling fields (L1D_plp_mimo_stream_combining, L1D_plp_mimo_IQ_interleaving, L1D_plp_mimo_PH) can be signaled for each physical layer pipe.

[0529] Table 8 below shows the signaling format for L1D_mimo_mixed combined with L1D_mimo.

[0530] MIMO ConfigurationsRelated L1-Detail Signaling AssignmentL1D_mimoL1D_mimo_mixedAll PLPs in subframe use SISO00PLPs of both types in subframe01All PLPs in subframe use MIMO10Invalid Combination11

[0531] As can be seen from Table 8, setting L1D_mimo to 1 may be mutually exclusive with setting L1D_mimo_mixed to 1.

[0532] When LDM is applied to the subframe, L1D_mimo_mixed set to 1 may indicate that MIMO processing is applied to all enhanced layer physical layer pipes of the subframe and that MIMO processing is not applied to all core layer physical layer pipes.

[0533] If all physical layer pipes in the subframe are SISO or MIMO, any of the available multiplexing schemes (TDM, FDM, LDM, and combinations thereof) can be applied.

[0534] In this case, if MIMO must be applied differently for each layer within a subframe, LDM multiplexing may be required for that subframe. TDM, FDM, or a combination thereof may be applied to each layer or both layers, as needed.

[0535] When physical layer pipe(s) with L1D_plp_layer > 0 (enhanced layer physical layer pipe(s)) are present in the second and subsequent subframes, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by L1D_mimo_mixed in conjunction with L1D_mimo. The first type layered MIMO can be signaled by two parameters: L1D_mimo_mixed = 0, L1D_mimo = 1, and the second type layered MIMO can be signaled by two parameters: L1D_mimo_mixed = 1, L1D_mimo = 0.

[0536] By signaling the type of layered MIMO as a combination of two signaling fields in this way, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled efficiently while ensuring compatibility with existing receivers.

[0537] In Table 6 or Table 8 mentioned above, “both types” may represent SISO PLP and MIMO PLP.

[0538] Table 9 below is a table showing signaling interpretation (scenario) by combination of the first 1-bit field and the second 1-bit field.

[0539] Scenario (Case)L1B_first_sub_mimo / L1D_mimoL1B_first_sub_mimo_mixed / L1D_mimo_mixedEvery PLP in the subframe uses MIMO10The subframe, comprised of multiple PLPs, includes both MIMO and SISO PLPs. This means a multiplexing of MIMO PLP(s) and SISO PLP(s) within the subframe: MIMO is used for one or more PLPs, while one or more PLPs not using MIMO coexist as well.01None of the PLPs in the subframe uses MIMO.00Conflict of signaling usages (Not Allowed) or Reserved11

[0540] That is, when the first 1-bit field is set to 0 and the second 1-bit field is set to 1, it can indicate a situation where physical layer pipe(s) using MIMO and physical layer pipe(s) not using MIMO are mixed within one subframe.

[0541] Figure 22 is a flowchart illustrating a broadcast signal transmission method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0542] Referring to FIG. 22, a broadcast signal transmission device according to one embodiment of the present invention generates at least one core layer signal corresponding to a core layer (S2210).

[0543] In addition, a broadcast signal transmission device according to one embodiment of the present invention generates enhanced layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals corresponding to the enhanced layer (S2220).

[0544] In addition, a broadcast signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention performs layer division multiplexing corresponding to the core layer and the enhanced layer to output a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization (S2230).

[0545] In some embodiments, the generation of subframe signals (first polarization signal and second polarization signal) corresponding to a subframe including both SISO physical layer pipe(s) and MIMO physical layer pipe(s) may be performed independently of LDM. For example, SISO signals and MIMO signals may be multiplexed in a TDM manner and included in one subframe. In this way, when the first polarization signal and the second polarization signal are generated independently of LDM, steps (S2210 and S2220) may be omitted.

[0546] In addition, a broadcast signal transmission device according to one embodiment of the present invention generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal, and generates a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal (S2240).

[0547] At this time, at least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal may include a preamble, and the preamble may include a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe when a preset condition is satisfied.

[0548] At this time, the preamble may include multiple signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO.

[0549] At this time, the type of the layered MIMO may be either a first type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer, or a second type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0550] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the first type layered MIMO, the at least one core layer signal is a core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signal, the first polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the second polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0551] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the second type layered MIMO, the first polarization signal is generated by hierarchically multiplexing the at least one core layer signal and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the other of the enhanced layer MIMO signals can be output as the second polarization signal.

[0552] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and a second 1-bit field indicating whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

[0553] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field set to 0 if the subframe includes a physical layer pipe to which MIMO processing is not applied, and a second 1-bit field set to 1 if LDM is applied to the subframe and MIMO is used only in the enhanced layer and not in the core layer.

[0554] At this time, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field.

[0555] At this time, the above-described preset condition may be a condition set based on the second 1-bit field.

[0556] At this time, a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe may be included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

[0557] At this time, the preamble may include three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, if the preset condition is satisfied and the signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

[0558] At this time, when hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, the first 1-bit field may be set to 1 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, and the first 1-bit field may be set to 0 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 1 to indicate the second type layered MIMO.

[0559] At this time, the setting of the second 1-bit field to 1 may be mutually exclusive with the setting of the first 1-bit field to 1.

[0560] At this time, the first type layered MIMO may correspond to all physical layer pipes within a subframe using MIMO, and the second type layered MIMO may correspond to at least one SISO physical layer pipe and at least one MIMO physical layer pipe existing together in a subframe.

[0561] Figure 23 is a flowchart illustrating a broadcast signal receiving method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0562] Referring to FIG. 23, a broadcast signal receiving method according to one embodiment of the present invention receives a broadcast signal including a preamble (S2310).

[0563] At this time, the preamble may include a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe if a preset condition is satisfied.

[0564] At this time, the broadcast signal may correspond to at least one core layer signal corresponding to the core layer and enhanced layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signals corresponding to the enhanced layer.

[0565] At this time, the broadcast signal may correspond to a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization.

[0566] In addition, a broadcast signal receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention restores a plurality of signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO included in the preamble (S2320).

[0567] At this time, the type of the layered MIMO may be either a first type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both the core layer and the enhanced layer, or a second type layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied only to the enhanced layer.

[0568] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and a second 1-bit field indicating whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

[0569] At this time, the plurality of signaling fields may be a first 1-bit field set to 0 if the subframe includes a physical layer pipe to which MIMO processing is not applied, and a second 1-bit field set to 1 if LDM is applied to the subframe and MIMO is used only in the enhanced layer and not in the core layer.

[0570] At this time, the type of layered MIMO can be signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field.

[0571] At this time, the above-described preset condition may be a condition set based on the second 1-bit field.

[0572] At this time, a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe may be included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

[0573] At this time, the preamble may include three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, if the preset condition is satisfied and the signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

[0574] At this time, when hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, the first 1-bit field may be set to 1 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, and the first 1-bit field may be set to 0 and the second 1-bit field may be set to 1 to indicate the second type layered MIMO.

[0575] At this time, the setting of the second 1-bit field to 1 may be mutually exclusive with the setting of the first 1-bit field to 1.

[0576] At this time, the first type layered MIMO may correspond to all physical layer pipes within a subframe using MIMO, and the second type layered MIMO may correspond to at least one SISO physical layer pipe and at least one MIMO physical layer pipe existing together in a subframe.

[0577] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the first type layered MIMO, the at least one core layer signal is a core layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) signal, the first polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing one of the core layer MIMO signals and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the second polarization signal may be generated by hierarchically multiplexing another of the core layer MIMO signals and another of the enhanced layer MIMO signals.

[0578] At this time, when the type of the layered MIMO is the second type layered MIMO, the first polarization signal is generated by hierarchically multiplexing the at least one core layer signal and one of the enhanced layer MIMO signals, and the other of the enhanced layer MIMO signals can be output as the second polarization signal.

[0579] In addition, a broadcast signal receiving method according to one embodiment of the present invention restores data based on the signaling fields (S2330).

[0580] At this time, when the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal generated through the transmission structure of FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 are received, the core layer stream can be restored through decoding corresponding to the first polarization.

[0581] At this time, when the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal generated through the transmission structure of FIGS. 2 and 4 are received, the core layer stream can be restored through MIMO decoding corresponding to the first polarization and the second polarization.

[0582] Each step illustrated in FIGS. 22 and 23 may be performed in the order illustrated in FIGS. 22 and 23, in the reverse order, or simultaneously.

[0583] Figure 24 is a block diagram showing a computer system configuration according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0584] The broadcast signal transmitting device, the broadcast signal receiving device and the individual components constituting these devices according to the embodiment can be implemented in a computer system (2400).

[0585] The computer system (2400) may include one or more processors (2410), memory (2430), user interface input devices (2440), user interface output devices (2450), and storage (2460) that communicate with each other via a bus (2420). The computer system (2400) may further include a network interface (2470) connected to a network (2480). The processor (2410) may be a central processing unit or a semiconductor device that executes programs or processing instructions stored in the memory (2430) or storage (2460). The memory (2430) and storage (2460) may be storage media that include at least one of a volatile medium, a nonvolatile medium, a removable medium, a non-removable medium, a communication medium, or an information transmission medium. For example, the memory (2430) may include a ROM (2431) or a RAM (2432).

[0586] At this time, at least one program can be recorded in the memory (2430).

[0587] At this time, the processor (2410) can execute the program. At this time, the program can perform each step illustrated in FIG. 22 or each step illustrated in FIG. 23.

[0588]

[0589] As described above, the broadcast signal transmission device, method, and broadcast signal reception method according to the present invention are not limited to the configurations and methods of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be configured by selectively combining all or part of the embodiments so that various modifications can be made.

Claims

1. A subframe signal generation unit that generates a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization; and A transmission signal generation unit that generates a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal and generates a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal, At least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal includes a preamble, A broadcast signal transmission device including a signaling field indicating whether MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is used for a given physical layer pipe when the above preamble satisfies a preset condition.

2. In claim 1, A broadcast signal transmission device, wherein the above preamble includes a plurality of signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO.

3. In claim 2, The type of layered MIMO above is A first type of layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both a core layer and an enhanced layer, and A broadcast signal transmission device, wherein MIMO is one of the second type layered MIMOs applied only to the enhanced layer.

4. In claim 3, The above multiple signaling fields are A first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and A broadcast signal transmitting device, wherein a second 1-bit field indicates whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

5. In claim 4, The type of layered MIMO above is A broadcast signal transmitting device, wherein the first 1-bit field and the second 1-bit field are signaled together (signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field).

6. In claim 5, The above preset conditions are A broadcast signal transmitting device, the condition being set based on the second 1-bit field.

7. In claim 6, A signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe. A broadcast signal transmitting device, which is included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

8. In claim 7, The above preamble is A broadcast signal transmission device including three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, when the above-described preset condition is satisfied and a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

9. In claim 8, When hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, The first 1-bit field is set to 1 and the second 1-bit field is set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, A broadcast signal transmitting device, wherein the first 1-bit field is set to 0 and the second 1-bit field is set to 1, indicating the second type layered MIMO.

10. In claim 9, A broadcast signal transmission device, wherein the setting of the second 1-bit field to 1 is mutually exclusive with the setting of the first 1-bit field to 1.

11. A step of generating a first polarization signal corresponding to the first polarization and a second polarization signal corresponding to the second polarization; and A step of generating a first polarization transmission signal using the first polarization signal and generating a second polarization transmission signal using the second polarization signal, At least one of the first polarization transmission signal and the second polarization transmission signal includes a preamble, A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein the above preamble includes a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe when a preset condition is satisfied.

12. In claim 11, A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein the above preamble includes a plurality of signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO.

13. In claim 12, The type of layered MIMO above is A first type of layered MIMO in which MIMO is applied to both a core layer and an enhanced layer, and A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein MIMO is one of the second type layered MIMOs applied only to the enhanced layer.

14. In claim 13, The above multiple signaling fields are A first 1-bit field indicating whether MIMO is used for all physical layer pipes in a subframe, and A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein a second 1-bit field indicates whether the subframe multiplexes at least one physical layer pipe using MIMO and at least one other physical layer pipe not using MIMO.

15. In claim 14, The type of layered MIMO above is A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein the first 1-bit field and the second 1-bit field are signaled together (signaled by the second 1-bit field in conjunction with the first 1-bit field).

16. In claim 15, The above preset conditions are A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, the condition being set based on the second 1-bit field.

17. In claim 16, A signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe. A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein the second 1-bit field is included in the preamble when the second 1-bit field is 1.

18. In claim 17, The above preamble is A broadcast signal transmission method, comprising three precoding signaling fields corresponding to the given physical layer pipe, when the above-described preset condition is satisfied and a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for the given physical layer pipe is 1.

19. In claim 18, When hierarchical division multiplexing is applied to a subframe, The first 1-bit field is set to 1 and the second 1-bit field is set to 0 to indicate the first type layered MIMO, A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, wherein the first 1-bit field is set to 0 and the second 1-bit field is set to 1, indicating the second type layered MIMO.

20. A step of receiving a broadcast signal including a preamble; A step of restoring a plurality of signaling fields for identifying the type of layered MIMO included in the above preamble; and A step of restoring data based on the above signaling fields is included, A method for receiving a broadcast signal, wherein the preamble includes a signaling field indicating whether MIMO is used for a given physical layer pipe when a preset condition is satisfied.

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