Battery cell, battery device, and electric apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a battery cell, a battery device, and an electric apparatus. The battery cell of the present application comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a non-aqueous electrolyte; the positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer located on at least one side surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode active layer comprises a positive electrode lithium-supplementing material; the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an electrolyte additive, and the electrolyte additive comprises one or more of a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12-membered aromatic heterocyclic organic base additive, and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12-membered aliphatic heterocyclic organic base additive. The energy density, cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the battery of the present application can be improved at the same time.

Description

Battery cells, battery packs and electrical devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasingly wide range of applications, batteries have been widely used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, as well as in power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, military equipment, aerospace, and many other fields. Due to the significant advancements in battery technology, higher requirements have been placed on their energy density, cycle performance, and storage capacity.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. The energy density, cycle performance, and high-temperature storage performance of the battery in this application are improved simultaneously.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a battery cell comprising an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode comprising a positive current collector and a positive active layer located on at least one side surface of the positive current collector, the positive active layer comprising a positive lithium supplementation material, and the non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an electrolyte additive; the electrolyte additive comprising one or more of substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aromatic heterocyclic organic base additives and substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aliphatic heterocyclic organic base additives.

[0006] Therefore, while the positive electrode lithium replenishment material replenishes lithium normally under high voltage conditions, this application can effectively capture the R generated by the oxidation and decomposition of the electrolyte under high voltage conditions through electrolyte additives. + (e.g. H) + This reduces damage to the SEI interface film of the negative electrode, reduces lithium consumption, and improves the energy density, cycle performance, and high-temperature storage performance of the battery.

[0007] In any embodiment, the electrolyte additive includes at least one of the following: the compound represented by formula (I), the compound represented by formula (II), the compound represented by formula (III), the compound represented by formula (IV), and the compound represented by formula (V):

[0008] In formula (Ⅰ), Y1 and Y2 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, and R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -R 24 OH, -R 25 NR 26 R 27 , where R 24 and R 25 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene and C2-C6 alkenyl groups, R 26 and R 27 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups, or R 26 R 27 It forms 5-8 membered alicyclic rings with 2-4 heteroatoms with nitrogen atoms. ， The heteroatoms include N atoms, S atoms, and P atoms; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent.

[0009] In formula (II), W1 is selected from C, N, O and S atoms, W2 is selected from C and N atoms, and R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -R 28 OH, -R 29 NR 30 R 31 Among them, R 28 and R 29 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene groups, R 30 and R 31 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups;

[0010] In formula (Ⅲ), A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, C1-C6 alkoxy groups, C2-C6 alkenyl groups, C2-C6 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 32 OH, -R 33 NR 34 R 35 Among them, R 32 and R 33Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene groups, R 34 and R 35 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent;

[0011] In formula (Ⅳ), X1, X2, X3, and X4 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, a and b are each independently selected from integers from 0 to 3, and R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 Among them, R 36 and R 37 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; or, R 18 It does not exist;

[0012] In equation (V), V1, V2, V3, and V4 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, d is selected from integers from 0 to 3, and R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 Among them, R 38 and R 39 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halogenated C1-C6 alkyl groups.

[0013] In any implementation, in formula (Ⅰ),

[0014] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 24 OH, -R 25 NR 26 R 27 Among them, R 24 and R 25 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 26 and R27 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups, or R 26 R 27 It forms a 5-6 membered alicyclic ring with N atoms containing two heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatoms are N atoms; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; or,

[0015] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, hydroxy C1-C4 alkyl, -NH2, diC1-C4 alkylamino, amino C1-C4 alkyl, piperazine; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; or,

[0016] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atom, F atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH2, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2, Alternatively, R2 and / or R4 do not exist; or,

[0017] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atom, F atom, methyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, hydroxymethyl, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2, Alternatively, R2 and / or R4 do not exist.

[0018] In any implementation, in formula (II),

[0019] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C3-C5 cycloalkyl groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 28 OH, -R 29 NR 30 R 31 Among them, R 28 and R 29 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 30 and R 31 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or,

[0020] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C3-C5 cycloalkyl groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, -OH groups, hydroxyl C1-C4 alkyl groups, -NH2 groups, mono-C1-C4 alkylamino groups, di-C1-C4 alkylamino groups, and amino C1-C4 alkyl groups; or,

[0021] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2; or,

[0022] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, methyl, cyclopropyl, allyl, hydroxymethyl, and -NHCH3.

[0023] In any implementation, in formula (Ⅲ),

[0024] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 32 OH, -R 33 NR 34 R 35 Among them, R 32 and R 33 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 34 and R 35 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or,

[0025] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, hydroxy C1-C4 alkyl, -NH2, mono-C1-C4 alkylamino, di-C1-C4 alkylamino, amino C1-C4 alkyl; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or,

[0026] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, -NH2, -CH2NH2, -N(CH3)2; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or,

[0027] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, methoxy group; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent.

[0028] In any implementation, in formula (Ⅳ),

[0029] R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 Among them, R 36 and R 37 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 18 Does not exist; or,

[0030] R16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkylamino, diC1-C4 alkylamino; or, R 18 Does not exist; or,

[0031] R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2; or, R 18 Does not exist; or,

[0032] R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, -N(CH3)2; or, R 18 It does not exist.

[0033] In any implementation, in equation (V),

[0034] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 Among them, R 38 and R 39 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or,

[0035] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkylamino groups, and -C1-C4 alkylamino groups; or,

[0036] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propyne, -OH, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2; or,

[0037] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and tert-butyl.

[0038] In any embodiment, in formula (Ⅰ), 0, 1, or 2 of Y1 and Y2 are N atoms; and / or,

[0039] In formula (II), at least one of W1 and W2 is a N atom; and / or,

[0040] In formula (Ⅲ), at least one of A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 is a N atom; and / or,

[0041] In formula (Ⅳ), at least one of X1, X2, X3, and X4 is a N atom; and / or,

[0042] In formula (V), at least one of V1, V2, V3 and V4 is an N atom.

[0043] In any embodiment, in formula (Ⅰ), 0, 1, or 2 of Y1 and Y2 are N atoms; and / or,

[0044] In formula (II), at least one of W1 and W2 is a N atom; and / or,

[0045] In formula (Ⅲ), one, two, three, or four of A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are N atoms; and / or,

[0046] In formula (Ⅳ), two or three of X1, X2, X3, and X4 are N atoms; and / or,

[0047] In formula (V), one, two, or three of V1, V2, V3, and V4 are N atoms.

[0048] In any embodiment, the compound represented by formula (I) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0049] In any embodiment, the compound represented by formula (II) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0050] In any embodiment, the compound represented by formula (Ⅲ) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0051] In any embodiment, the compound represented by formula (Ⅳ) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0052] In any embodiment, the compound represented by formula (V) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0053] In any embodiment, the positive electrode lithium replenishment material includes Li2C. x O y , where x is any integer in the range of 1-4, y is any integer in the range of 3-6, and x+y=2m, where m is any integer in the range of 2-5.

[0054] In any embodiment, the positive electrode lithium replenishment material includes one or more of Li2C2O4, Li2CO3, Li2C4O4, Li2C3O5, and Li2C4O6.

[0055] In any embodiment, the mass percentage of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material in the positive electrode active layer is 0.05%-10%, 1%-8%, or 1%-5%.

[0056] Therefore, using cathode lithium replenishment materials within the above-mentioned mass ratio range is beneficial to further improve the energy density, cycle performance, and high-temperature storage performance of the battery.

[0057] In any embodiment, the electrolyte additive in the non-aqueous electrolyte accounts for 0.01%-20%, 0.5%-10%, or 1%-5% by mass.

[0058] Therefore, using electrolyte additives within the above-mentioned mass ratio range is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery, as well as its cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.

[0059] In any embodiment, the mass percentage of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material in the positive electrode active layer is T1, the mass percentage of the electrolyte additive in the non-aqueous electrolyte is T2, and T1 / T2 is 0.05–20 or 1.

[0060] In any embodiment, the positive electrode active layer further includes a positive electrode active material, wherein the ratio of the Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material to the Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode active material is 1–10 or 2–8.

[0061] Therefore, the combined use of cathode lithium supplementation materials and cathode active materials with the above-mentioned particle size ratio can further improve the energy density of the battery, as well as improve the battery's cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.

[0062] In any embodiment, the positive electrode active layer further includes a positive electrode active material.

[0063] The positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium-containing phosphates and lithium-containing transition metal oxides; or...

[0064] The positive electrode active material includes one or more of the following: lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, and compounds obtained by adding other transition metals or non-transition metals to the aforementioned compounds.

[0065] A second aspect of this application also provides a battery device including the battery cell described in the first aspect of this application, wherein the battery device is a battery module, a battery pack, or an energy storage device.

[0066] A third aspect of this application also provides an electrical device, including the secondary battery described in the first aspect of this application or the battery device described in the second aspect of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to one embodiment of this application.

[0068] Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application shown in Figure 1.

[0069] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to one embodiment of this application.

[0070] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to one embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the battery pack of one embodiment of this application shown in Figure 4.

[0072] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device in which a single battery cell is used as a power source according to an embodiment of this application.

[0073] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1 Battery pack; 2 Upper housing; 3 Lower housing; 4 Battery module; 5 Battery cell; 51 Housing; 52 Electrode assembly; 53 Top cover assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The following detailed description, with appropriate reference to the accompanying drawings, discloses embodiments of the negative electrode active material and its manufacturing method, positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet, battery cell, battery module, battery pack, and power supply device of this application. However, unnecessary detailed descriptions may be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters and repetitive descriptions of practically identical structures may be omitted. This is to avoid unnecessarily lengthy descriptions and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to fully understand this application and are not intended to limit the subject matter of the claims.

[0075] The "range" disclosed in this application is defined by a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, which define the boundaries of a particular range. Ranges defined in this way can include or exclude endpoints and can be arbitrarily combined; that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for a specific parameter, it is expected that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also included. Furthermore, if minimum range values ​​of 1 and 2 are listed, and if maximum range values ​​of 3, 4, and 5 are listed, then the following ranges are all expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5. In this application, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "ab" represents a shortened representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" indicates that all real numbers between "0-5" have been listed in this article; "0-5" is simply a shortened representation of these numerical combinations. Furthermore, when a parameter is stated as an integer ≥2, it is equivalent to disclosing that the parameter is, for example, an integer such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.

[0076] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0077] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0078] Unless otherwise specified, all steps of this application may be performed sequentially or randomly, preferably sequentially. For example, if the method includes steps (a) and (b), it means that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or it may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, if the method may also include step (c), it means that step (c) may be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps (a), (b), and (c), or it may include steps (a), (c), and (b), or it may include steps (c), (a), and (b), etc.

[0079] The term "alkyl" refers to a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group, such as "C1-C6 alkyl", "C1-C4 alkyl", "C1-C3 alkyl", etc. Specific examples include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, etc.

[0080] The term "alkylene" refers to a divalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an alkyl group, which is connected to other segments through two single bonds, including (but not limited to) methylene groups. etc. The definition of alkyl is as described above. For example, "C1-C6 alkylene" refers to a saturated divalent straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, C1-C4 alkylene, C1-C3 alkylene, etc.

[0081] The term "alkenyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond, including, for example, "C2-C6 alkenyl" and "C2-C4 alkenyl". Examples include, but are not limited to: vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 1,3-pentadienyl, 1,4-pentadienyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 1,4-hexadienyl, etc.

[0082] The term "alkenyl" refers to a divalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an alkenyl group. It consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, contains at least one double bond, and is connected to other segments through two single bonds, including (but not limited to) other segments. The definition of alkenyl is as described above. For example, "C2-C6 alkenyl" refers to a divalent straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having at least one carbon-carbon double bond (>C=C<), C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C3 alkenyl, etc.

[0083] The term "alkynyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Examples include, for instance, "C2-C6 alkynyl" and "C2-C4 alkynyl". Examples include, but are not limited to: ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 1,3-butyrynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 1,3-pentyrynyl, 1,4-pentyrynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, and 1,4-hexadiynyl.

[0084] The term "heterocyclic group" or "heterocycle" refers to a saturated or partially saturated, monocyclic or polycyclic (such as bicyclic) non-aromatic cyclic structure whose ring atoms consist of carbon atoms and at least one (e.g., 1, 2, or 3) heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. The heterocyclic group can be connected to the rest of the molecule via any one of the ring atoms, provided that valence requirements are met. The term "5-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle" as used herein refers to a heterocycle having 5 to 6 ring atoms, wherein at least one (e.g., 1, 2, or 3) of the ring atoms is a nitrogen atom. Common heterocyclic groups include (but are not limited to) azetidinyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, and morpholinyl. The heterocyclic groups in this invention may optionally be fused with one or more aromatic or non-aromatic rings.

[0085] The term "cycloalkyl" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group containing saturated or partially unsaturated (e.g., containing one or two double bonds). "Monocyclic alkyl" is preferably a 3-10 member monocyclic alkyl group, more preferably a 3-8 member monocyclic alkyl group, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl, cyclododecyl, and cyclohexenyl. "Polycyclic alkyl" includes "bridged cycloalkyl," "phencyclic alkyl," and "spirocyclic alkyl." A "bridged cycloalkyl" group refers to a monocyclic alkyl group in which any two non-adjacent carbon atoms are connected by an alkylene bridge formed by one or more (e.g., 1-3) additional carbon atoms (i.e., -(CH2)). t- A bridging group in the form of a cycloalkyl group, where t is, for example, 1, 2, or 3. "Faracycloalkyl" comprises a cycloalkyl ring fused to a phenyl, monocycloalkyl, monocycloheterocycloalkyl, or monocycloheteroaryl group. "Spirocycloalkyl" refers to a bicyclic group formed by two cycloalkyl groups sharing a single carbon atom. Polycycloalkyl groups can be 5-18 quinones, preferably 6-15 quinones, more preferably 6-12 quinones. The polycycloalkyl group is preferably a bicycloalkyl group.

[0086] The term "aromatic ring" includes all-carbon monocyclic rings with conjugated π-electron systems as well as heteroaromatic rings. The term "heteroaromatic ring" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic ring system having, for example, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14 ring atoms, particularly 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms, and containing one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur), which may be the same or different.

[0087] The term "alkoxy" refers to a group having an "alkyl-O-" structure, where alkyl is defined as described above. Examples include C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C3 alkoxy, or C1-C2 alkoxy. Common alkoxy groups include (but are not limited to) methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy, etc. The alkoxy groups in this invention are optionally substituted with one or more substituents described in this invention.

[0088] The term "halogenated" or "halogenated" is defined as including F, Cl, Br, or I.

[0089] The term “substitution” refers to the replacement of one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) hydrogen atoms on a specified compound or structural segment by a substituent, provided that the replacement does not exceed the normal valence of the specified atom in the present case and the substitution forms a stable compound.

[0090] As used herein, the term "one or more" means one or more under reasonable conditions, such as two, three, four, five, or ten.

[0091] The term "independently" means that at least two groups (or ring systems) in a structure with the same or similar value ranges can have the same or different meanings under specific circumstances. For example, if substituent X and substituent Y are independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, or aryl, then when substituent X is hydrogen, substituent Y can be hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, or aryl; similarly, when substituent Y is hydrogen, substituent X can be hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkyl, or aryl.

[0092] Unless otherwise specified, as used herein, the connection point of a substituent may be derived from any suitable location of the substituent.

[0093] [Battery cell]

[0094] A battery cell, also known as a rechargeable battery or storage battery, is a battery that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used.

[0095] Typically, a battery cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. During charging and discharging, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, primarily prevents short circuits while allowing active ions to pass through. The electrolyte, also positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, mainly serves to conduct active ions.

[0096] One embodiment of this application provides a battery cell, the battery cell including an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode including a positive current collector and a positive active layer located on at least one side surface of the positive current collector, the positive active layer including a positive lithium supplementation material, the non-aqueous electrolyte including an electrolyte additive; the electrolyte additive including one or more of substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 ternary (e.g., 5-10 ternary) aromatic heterocyclic organic base additives and substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 ternary (e.g., 5-10 ternary) aliphatic heterocyclic organic base additives.

[0097] Although the mechanism is not yet clear, the applicant unexpectedly discovered that: while the positive electrode lithium replenishment material replenishes lithium normally under high voltage conditions, the electrolyte additive effectively captures the R generated by the oxidation and decomposition of the electrolyte under high voltage conditions. + (e.g. H) + This reduces damage to the SEI interface film of the negative electrode, reduces lithium consumption, and improves the energy density, cycle performance, and high-temperature storage performance of the battery.

[0098] In some embodiments, the electrolyte additive includes at least one of the following: a compound represented by formula (I), a compound represented by formula (II), a compound represented by formula (III), a compound represented by formula (IV), and a compound represented by formula (V).

[0099] In formula (Ⅰ), Y1 and Y2 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, and R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -R 24 OH, -R 25 NR26 R 27 , where R 24 and R 25 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene and C2-C6 alkenyl groups, R 26 and R 27 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups, or R 26 R 27 It forms a 5-8 membered alicyclic ring (e.g., a 5-6 membered alicyclic ring) with N atoms containing 2-4 heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatoms include N atoms, S atoms, and P atoms; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent.

[0100] In formula (II), W1 is selected from C, N, O and S atoms, W2 is selected from C and N atoms, and R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -R 28 OH, -R 29 NR 30 R 31 Among them, R 28 and R 29 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene groups, R 30 and R 31 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups;

[0101] In formula (Ⅲ), A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, C1-C6 alkoxy groups, C2-C6 alkenyl groups, C2-C6 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 32 OH, -R 33 NR 34 R 35 Among them, R 32 and R 33 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene groups, R 34 and R 35 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14One or more groups are absent;

[0102] In formula (Ⅳ), X1, X2, X3, and X4 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, a and b are each independently selected from integers from 0 to 3 (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, or any range of the above values), R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 Among them, R 36 and R 37 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; or, R 18 It does not exist;

[0103] In equation (V), V1, V2, V3, and V4 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, d is selected from integers from 0 to 3, and R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 Among them, R 38 and R 39 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halogenated C1-C6 alkyl groups.

[0104] In some embodiments, in formula (Ⅰ),

[0105] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 24 OH, -R 25 NR 26 R 27 Among them, R 24 and R 25 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 26 and R 27 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups, or R 26 R 27It forms a 5-6 membered alicyclic ring with N atoms containing two heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatoms are N atoms; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; or,

[0106] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, hydroxy C1-C4 alkyl, -NH2, diC1-C4 alkylamino, amino C1-C4 alkyl, piperazine; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; or,

[0107] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atom, F atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH2, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2, Alternatively, R2 and / or R4 do not exist; or,

[0108] R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atom, F atom, methyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, hydroxymethyl, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2, Alternatively, R2 and / or R4 do not exist.

[0109] In some implementations, in formula (II),

[0110] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C3-C5 cycloalkyl groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 28 OH, -R 29 NR 30 R 31 Among them, R 28 and R 29 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 30 and R 31 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or,

[0111] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C3-C5 cycloalkyl groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, -OH groups, hydroxyl C1-C4 alkyl groups, -NH2 groups, mono-C1-C4 alkylamino groups, di-C1-C4 alkylamino groups, and amino C1-C4 alkyl groups; or,

[0112] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2; or,

[0113] R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, methyl, cyclopropyl, allyl, hydroxymethyl, and -NHCH3.

[0114] In some implementations, in formula (Ⅲ),

[0115] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 32 OH, -R 33 NR 34 R 35 Among them, R 32 and R 33 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 34 and R 35 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or,

[0116] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, hydroxy C1-C4 alkyl, -NH2, mono-C1-C4 alkylamino, di-C1-C4 alkylamino, amino C1-C4 alkyl; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or,

[0117] R10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, -NH2, -CH2NH2, -N(CH3)2; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or,

[0118] R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, methoxy group; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent.

[0119] In some implementations, in formula (Ⅳ),

[0120] R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 Among them, R 36 and R 37 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 18 Does not exist; or,

[0121] R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkylamino, diC1-C4 alkylamino; or, R 18 Does not exist; or,

[0122] R 16 R 17 and R 18Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2; or, R 18 Does not exist; or,

[0123] R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, -N(CH3)2; or, R 18 It does not exist.

[0124] In some implementations, in equation (V),

[0125] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 Among them, R 38 and R 39 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or,

[0126] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkylamino groups, and -C1-C4 alkylamino groups; or,

[0127] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propyne, -OH, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2; or,

[0128] R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and tert-butyl.

[0129] In some embodiments, in formula (Ⅰ), 0, 1, or 2 of Y1 and Y2 are N atoms; and / or,

[0130] In formula (II), at least one of W1 and W2 is a N atom; and / or,

[0131] In formula (Ⅲ), at least one of A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 is a N atom; and / or,

[0132] In formula (Ⅳ), at least one of X1, X2, X3, and X4 is a N atom; and / or,

[0133] In formula (V), at least one of V1, V2, V3 and V4 is an N atom.

[0134] In some embodiments, in formula (Ⅰ), 0, 1, or 2 of Y1 and Y2 are N atoms; and / or,

[0135] In formula (II), at least one of W1 and W2 is a N atom; and / or,

[0136] In formula (Ⅲ), one, two, three, or four of A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are N atoms; and / or,

[0137] In formula (Ⅳ), two or three of X1, X2, X3, and X4 are N atoms; and / or,

[0138] In formula (V), one, two, or three of V1, V2, V3, and V4 are N atoms.

[0139] In some embodiments, the compound represented by formula (I) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0140] In some embodiments, the compound represented by formula (II) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0141] In some embodiments, the compound represented by formula (Ⅲ) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0142] In some embodiments, the compound represented by formula (Ⅳ) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0143] In some embodiments, the compound represented by formula (V) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

[0144] In some embodiments, the positive electrode lithium replenishment material includes Li2C.x O y , where x is any integer in the range of 1-4 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4 or any range of the above values), y is any integer in the range of 3-6 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6 or any range of the above values), and x+y=2m, where m is any integer in the range of 2-5 (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5 or any range of the above values).

[0145] In some embodiments, the positive electrode lithium replenishment material includes one or more of Li2C2O4, Li2CO3, Li2C4O4, Li2C3O5, and Li2C4O6.

[0146] In some embodiments, the positive electrode lithium replenishment material has a mass percentage of 0.05%-10%, 1%-8%, or 1%-5% in the positive electrode active layer, for example, 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 9%, 10%, or any combination of the above values.

[0147] Therefore, using cathode lithium replenishment materials within the above-mentioned mass ratio range is beneficial to further improve the energy density, cycle performance, and high-temperature storage performance of the battery.

[0148] In some embodiments, the electrolyte additive is present in the non-aqueous electrolyte at a mass percentage of 0.01%-20%, 0.5%-10%, or 1%-5%, for example, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or any range of the above values.

[0149] Therefore, using electrolyte additives within the above-mentioned mass ratio range is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery, as well as its cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.

[0150] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material in the positive electrode active layer is T1, the mass percentage of the electrolyte additive in the non-aqueous electrolyte is T2, and T1 / T2 is 0.05–20, 0.1–5, or 0.2–4, for example, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, or any range of the above values.

[0151] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active layer further includes a positive electrode active material, wherein the ratio of the Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material to the Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode active material is 1–10 or 2–8, for example, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or any range of the above values.

[0152] Therefore, the combined use of cathode lithium supplementation materials and cathode active materials with the above-mentioned particle size ratio can further improve the energy density of the battery, as well as improve the battery's cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.

[0153] In this application, the Dv50 particle size of the cathode lithium replenishment material and the cathode active material is tested using conventional methods. For example, the cathode lithium replenishment material and the cathode active material are dispersed in a suitable liquid or gas, and the Dv50 particle size is measured using a laser particle size analyzer according to GB / T 19077-2016 Particle Size Distribution Laser Diffraction Method. The Dv50 particle size refers to the particle diameter located at 50% of the total volume when the particles are arranged in ascending order of diameter.

[0154] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active layer further includes a positive electrode active material.

[0155] The positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium-containing phosphates and lithium-containing transition metal oxides; or...

[0156] The positive electrode active material includes one or more of the following: lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, and compounds obtained by adding other transition metals or non-transition metals to the aforementioned compounds.

[0157] In some embodiments, the positive electrode lithium replenishment material is Li2C2O4, and the electrolyte additive is... The combination of the aforementioned cathode lithium replenishment materials and electrolyte additives can further improve the battery's energy density, cycle performance, and high-temperature storage performance.

[0158] Table 1. Structural formulas and numbering of electrolyte additives

[0159] [Positive electrode plate]

[0160] During the charging and discharging process of a battery, Li undergoes insertion / extraction and consumption, resulting in varying molar Li content at different discharge states. In the examples of positive electrode active materials in this application, the molar Li content refers to the initial state of the material, i.e., before feeding. When the positive electrode active material is applied to the battery system, the molar Li content changes after charge-discharge cycles.

[0161] In the examples of positive electrode active materials in this application, the molar content of O is only a theoretical value. Oxygen release from the crystal lattice will cause changes in the molar content of oxygen, and the actual molar content of O will fluctuate.

[0162] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0163] In some embodiments, the positive current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, aluminum foil may be used as the metal foil. The composite current collector may include a polymer substrate and a metal layer formed on at least one surface of the polymer substrate. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), etc.).

[0164] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material may be a known battery positive electrode active material. As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphates with an olivine structure, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as battery positive electrode active materials may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to, lithium cobalt oxides (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxides (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxides (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, lithium nickel manganese oxides, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides (such as LiNi). 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2 (also known as NCM) 333 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2 (also known as NCM) 523 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O2 (also known as NCM) 211 LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2 (also known as NCM) 622 LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2 (also known as NCM) 811 ), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (such as LiNi) 0.85 Co 0.15 Al0.05 At least one of O2 and its modified compounds. Examples of lithium phosphates with an olivine structure include, but are not limited to, lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon composites.

[0165] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active layer may optionally include a binder. As an example, the binder may include at least one selected from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVDF-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, PVDF-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and fluorinated acrylate resin.

[0166] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active layer may optionally include a conductive agent. As an example, the conductive agent may include at least one selected from superconducting carbon, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0167] In some embodiments, the positive electrode sheet can be prepared by dispersing the above-mentioned components for preparing the positive electrode sheet, such as positive active material, conductive agent, binder and any other components, in a solvent (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidone) to form a positive electrode slurry; coating the positive electrode slurry onto the positive electrode current collector, and then obtaining the positive electrode sheet after drying, cold pressing and other processes.

[0168] [Negative electrode plate]

[0169] The negative electrode sheet includes a negative current collector and a negative active layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative current collector, the negative active layer including a negative active material.

[0170] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0171] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, copper foil may be used as the metal foil. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer formed on at least one surface of the polymer material substrate. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), etc.).

[0172] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in batteries. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0173] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active layer may optionally include a binder. As an example, the binder may be selected from at least one of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyacrylic acid (PAA), sodium polyacrylate (PAAS), polyacrylamide (PAM), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS).

[0174] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active layer may optionally include a conductive agent. As an example, the conductive agent may be selected from at least one of superconducting carbon, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0175] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active layer may optionally include other additives, such as thickeners (e.g., sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na)).

[0176] In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet can be prepared by dispersing the components used to prepare the negative electrode sheet, such as the negative electrode active material, conductive agent, binder and any other components, in a solvent (e.g., deionized water) to form a negative electrode slurry; coating the negative electrode slurry onto the negative electrode current collector, and then obtaining the negative electrode sheet after drying, cold pressing and other processes.

[0177] [Electrolytes]

[0178] The electrolyte plays a role in conducting ions between the positive and negative electrode plates.

[0179] In some embodiments, the electrolyte is liquid and includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent.

[0180] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0181] In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone.

[0182] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally include other additives. As examples, other additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain battery performance, such as additives that improve battery overcharge performance, additives that improve battery high-temperature or low-temperature performance, etc.

[0183] [Isolation membrane]

[0184] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes a separator. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the type of separator; any known porous separator with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0185] In some embodiments, the material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation.

[0186] In some implementations, the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator can be fabricated into an electrode assembly using a winding or stacking process.

[0187] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include an outer packaging. This outer packaging can be used to encapsulate the electrode assembly and electrolyte described above.

[0188] In some embodiments, the outer packaging of the battery cell can be a rigid shell, such as a hard plastic shell, an aluminum shell, or a steel shell. The outer packaging of the battery cell can also be a flexible package, such as a pouch. The material of the flexible package can be plastic; examples of plastics include polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, and polybutylene succinate.

[0189] This application does not impose any particular limitation on the shape of the battery cell; it can be cylindrical, square, or any other arbitrary shape. For example, Figure 1 shows a square battery cell 5 as an example.

[0190] In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, the outer packaging may include a housing 51 and a cover plate 53. The housing 51 may include a base plate and side plates connected to the base plate, the base plate and side plates forming a receiving cavity. The housing 51 has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity, and the cover plate 53 can be placed over the opening to close the receiving cavity. The positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet, and separator may be formed into an electrode assembly 52 by a winding process or a stacking process. The electrode assembly 52 is encapsulated within the receiving cavity. Electrolyte is immersed in the electrode assembly 52. ​​The number of electrode assemblies 52 contained in the battery cell 5 may be one or more, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to specific practical needs.

[0191] In some implementations, individual battery cells can be assembled into a battery module. The number of individual battery cells contained in a battery module can be one or more, and the specific number can be selected by those skilled in the art based on the application and capacity of the battery module.

[0192] Figure 3 shows a battery module 4 as an example. Referring to Figure 3, in the battery module 4, multiple battery cells 5 can be arranged sequentially along the length of the battery module 4. Of course, they can also be arranged in any other manner. Furthermore, the multiple battery cells 5 can be fixed in place using fasteners.

[0193] Optionally, the battery module 4 may also include a housing with a receiving space in which multiple battery cells 5 are received.

[0194] In some embodiments, the battery modules described above can also be assembled into a battery pack, and the number of battery modules contained in the battery pack can be one or more, the specific number of which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the application and capacity of the battery pack.

[0195] Figures 4 and 5 show a battery pack 1 as an example. Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the battery pack 1 may include a battery box and multiple battery modules 4 disposed within the battery box. The battery box includes an upper box 2 and a lower box 3, with the upper box 2 covering the lower box 3 to form a closed space for accommodating the battery modules 4. The multiple battery modules 4 can be arranged in any manner within the battery box.

[0196] In addition, this application also provides an electrical device, which includes at least one of the battery cell, battery module, or battery pack provided in this application. The battery cell, battery module, or battery pack can be used as the power source of the electrical device or as the energy storage unit of the electrical device. The electrical device may include, but is not limited to, mobile devices (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, etc.), electric vehicles (e.g., pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks, etc.), electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, etc.

[0197] As an electrical device, you can choose individual battery cells, battery modules, or battery packs according to your usage requirements.

[0198] Figure 6 shows an example of an electrical device. This device is a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, etc. To meet the high power and high energy density requirements of the individual battery cells, a battery pack or battery module can be used.

[0199] [Example]

[0200] The following describes embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0201] Example 1

[0202] 1. Preparation of positive electrode sheet: The positive active material lithium iron phosphate, the positive lithium supplement material (Li2C2O4, Dv50 particle size of 8μm), the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and the conductive agent acetylene black are dissolved in the solvent N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) at a mass ratio of 95:2:2:1 and thoroughly stirred and mixed to prepare a positive electrode slurry; the positive electrode slurry is uniformly coated on the positive current collector aluminum foil, and then dried, cold pressed, and slit to obtain the positive electrode sheet.

[0203] 2. Preparation of negative electrode sheet: The negative electrode active material artificial graphite, conductive agent acetylene black, binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) are dissolved in deionized water at a mass ratio of 95:2:2:1 and thoroughly stirred and mixed to prepare a negative electrode slurry; the negative electrode slurry is coated on the negative electrode current collector copper foil, and then dried, cold pressed, and slit to obtain the negative electrode sheet.

[0204] 3. Separating membrane: Polypropylene membrane is used.

[0205] 4. The electrolyte includes ethylene carbonate (EC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), LiPF6 and compound 1-1. The volume ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) to methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) is 3:7. The concentration of LiPF6 in the electrolyte is 1 mol / L. The mass percentage of compound 1-1 in the electrolyte is 2%.

[0206] 5. Preparation of secondary battery: The above positive electrode sheet, separator and negative electrode sheet are stacked and wound in sequence to obtain electrode assembly; the electrode assembly is placed in outer packaging, the electrolyte prepared above is added, and after processes such as encapsulation, standing, formation and aging, a secondary battery is obtained.

[0207] Examples 2-65 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are similar to the secondary battery preparation method of Example 1, but the product parameters have been adjusted. The different product parameters are detailed in Table 2.

[0208] Battery test

[0209] (1) Test of the ratio of the particle size of the positive electrode lithium supplement material Dv50 to the particle size of the positive electrode active material Dv50:

[0210] The positive electrode active material and the positive electrode lithium supplement material were dispersed in suitable liquids (e.g., deionized water) or gases by ultrasonic treatment. The Dv50 particle size was measured using a Malvern Master Size 3000 laser particle size analyzer according to the particle size distribution laser diffraction method in GB / T 19077-2016. The Dv50 particle size ratio of the positive electrode lithium supplement material to the positive electrode active material was then calculated.

[0211] (2) Cyclic performance test of lithium-ion batteries at 45℃:

[0212] At 45℃, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current of 1C to a voltage of 4.2V, then charged at a constant voltage of 4.2V until the current is ≤0.05C. The battery is then discharged at a constant current of 1C to a voltage of 2.5V. This constitutes one charge-discharge cycle, and the discharge capacity at this point is recorded as the discharge capacity of the battery's first cycle. This charge-discharge cycle is repeated, and the number of cycles corresponding to when the battery retains 80% of its capacity is calculated.

[0213] The capacity retention rate (%) of the battery after N cycles at 45℃ = (discharge capacity of the battery in the Nth cycle / discharge capacity of the battery in the first cycle) × 100%.

[0214] (3) Lithium-ion battery specific capacity test:

[0215] At 25°C, the lithium-ion battery was charged at a constant current of 0.33C to 3.65V, then charged at a constant voltage of 3.65V until the current was less than 0.05C. Finally, the lithium-ion battery was discharged at a constant current of 0.33C to 2.5V, and its actual capacity was recorded as C0 (mAh). The specific capacity of the lithium-ion battery is C0 / W3 (mAh / g), where W3 is the total mass (g) of the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode lithium replenishment material.

[0216] (4) Lithium-ion battery storage performance test at 60℃:

[0217] In a constant temperature environment of 25℃, the battery is charged to 3.65V at 0.33C and then discharged to 2.5V at 0.33C, and the discharge capacity D1 is tested. The battery is stored in a constant temperature environment of 60℃ and taken out for testing every 30 days. Each time the battery is tested, it is cooled to 25℃, charged to 3.65V at 0.33C and then discharged to 2.5V at 0.33C, and the discharge capacity is tested until the storage days are equal to 90 days, and the capacity retention rate is recorded at this time.

[0218] Battery capacity retention rate (%) after 90 days of storage at 60℃ = (Battery discharge capacity after 90 days of storage / Battery discharge capacity during initial storage D1) × 100%.

[0219] The battery capacity after 90 days of storage at 60°C is calculated by multiplying the battery capacity in item (3) by the capacity retention rate after the battery is stored at 60°C for 90 days.

[0220] Table 3: Performance test results of Examples 1-65 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0221] Based on the above results, we can conclude that:

[0222] Compared with Comparative Example 1, which did not use positive electrode lithium replenishment material and electrolyte additives, the specific capacity, cycle capacity retention, high-temperature storage capacity retention and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 1-65 of this application are significantly improved.

[0223] Compared with Comparative Example 2 which did not use electrolyte additives, the specific capacity, cycle capacity retention, high-temperature storage capacity retention, and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 1-61 of this application are all significantly improved.

[0224] Compared with Comparative Example 3, which does not use positive electrode lithium replenishment material, the specific capacity and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 6 and 46-65 of this application are significantly improved.

[0225] Compared with the lower content of positive electrode lithium replenishment material in Example 46, the specific capacity and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 6, 47-49 of this application are significantly improved.

[0226] Compared with the higher content of positive electrode lithium replenishment material in Example 50, the cycle capacity retention rate, high-temperature storage capacity retention rate, and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 6, 47-49 of this application are significantly improved.

[0227] Compared to the slightly higher content of positive electrode lithium replenishment material in Example 49, the batteries in Examples 6 and 47-48 of this application have higher cycle capacity retention.

[0228] Compared with the lower or higher electrolyte additive content in Examples 51 and 56, the specific capacity, cycle capacity retention, high-temperature storage capacity retention, and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 6, 52-55 of this application are significantly improved.

[0229] Compared to the slightly lower or higher electrolyte additive content in Examples 52 and 55, the specific capacity, cycle capacity retention, high-temperature storage capacity retention, and specific capacity after high-temperature storage of the batteries in Examples 6, 53-54 of this application are all improved.

[0230] Compared with the smaller or larger particle size ratio of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material to the positive electrode active material Dv50 in Examples 57 and 61, the specific capacity, cycle capacity retention, high-temperature storage capacity retention, and specific capacity after high-temperature storage in Examples 6, 58-60 of this application are significantly improved.

[0231] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, the battery cell comprising an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode comprising a positive current collector and a positive active layer located on at least one surface of the positive current collector, the positive active layer comprising a positive lithium supplementing material, the non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an electrolyte additive; the electrolyte additive comprising one or more of substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aromatic heterocyclic organic base additives and substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered alicyclic heterocyclic organic base additives.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The electrolyte additive includes at least one of the following: the compound represented by formula (I), the compound represented by formula (II), the compound represented by formula (III), the compound represented by formula (IV), and the compound represented by formula (V): In formula (Ⅰ), Y1 and Y2 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, and R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -R 24 OH, -R 25 NR 26 R 27 , where R 24 and R 25 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene and C2-C6 alkenyl groups, R 26 and R 27 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups, or R 26 R 27 It forms a 5-8 membered alicyclic ring with N atoms containing 2-4 heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatoms include N atoms, S atoms, and P atoms; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; In formula (II), W1 is selected from C, N, O and S atoms, W2 is selected from C and N atoms, and R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -R 28 OH, -R 29 NR 30 R 31 Among them, R 28 and R 29 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene groups, R 30 and R 31 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; In formula (Ⅲ), A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, C1-C6 alkoxy groups, C2-C6 alkenyl groups, C2-C6 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 32 OH, -R 33 NR 34 R 35 Among them, R 32 and R 33 Each is independently selected from C0-C6 alkylene groups, R 34 and R 35 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; In formula (Ⅳ), X1, X2, X3, and X4 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, a and b are each independently selected from integers from 0 to 3, and R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 Among them, R 36 and R 37 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C6 alkyl groups; or, R 18 It does not exist; In equation (V), V1, V2, V3, and V4 are each independently selected from C atoms and N atoms, d is selected from integers from 0 to 3, and R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 Among them, R 38 and R 39 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and halogenated C1-C6 alkyl groups.

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein, In the aforementioned formula (Ⅰ), R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 24 OH, -R 25 NR 26 R 27 ; Among them, R 24 and R 25 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 26 and R 27 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups, or R 26 R 27 It forms a 5-6 membered alicyclic ring with N atoms containing two heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatoms are N atoms; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; or, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, and C1-C4 atoms. Alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, hydroxy C1-C4 alkyl, -NH2, diC1-C4 alkylamino, amino C1-C4 alkyl, piperazine; or, R2 and / or R4 are absent; or, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atom, F atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH2, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2, Alternatively, R2 and / or R4 do not exist; or, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen atom, F atom, methyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, hydroxymethyl, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2, Alternatively, R2 and / or R4 do not exist.

4. The battery cell according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, In formula (II), R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C3-C5 cycloalkyl groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 28 OH, -R 29 NR 30 R 31 ; Among them, R 28 and R 29 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 30 and R 31 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C3-C5 cycloalkyl groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, -OH groups, hydroxyl C1-C4 alkyl groups, -NH2 groups, mono-C1-C4 alkylamino groups, di-C1-C4 alkylamino groups, and amino C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2, -CH2NH2; or, R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, methyl, cyclopropyl, allyl, hydroxymethyl, and -NHCH3.

5. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, In formula (Ⅲ), R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, and -R groups. 32 OH, -R 33 NR 34 R 35 ; Among them, R 32 and R 33 Each is independently selected from C0-C4 alkylene groups, R 34 and R 35 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, hydroxy C1-C4 alkyl, -NH2, mono-C1-C4 alkylamino, di-C1-C4 alkylamino, amino C1-C4 alkyl; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, -NH2, -CH2NH2, -N(CH3)2; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 R 12 R 13 R 14 and R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, methoxy group; or, R 10 R 10’ R 11 and R 14 One or more groups are absent.

6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, In formula (Ⅳ), R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 ; Among them, R 36 and R 37 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 18 Does not exist; or, R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkylamino, diC1-C4 alkylamino; or, R 18 Does not exist; or, R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, and bromine atoms. The following are not part of the given name: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2; or, R 18 Does not exist; or, R 16 R 17 and R 18 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, -N(CH3)2; or, R 18 It does not exist.

7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, In formula (V), R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 ; Among them, R 38 and R 39 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, and halo-C1-C4 alkyl groups; or, R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups, C2-C4 alkenyl groups, C2-C4 alkynyl groups, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkylamino groups, and -C1-C4 alkylamino groups; or, R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propyne, -OH, -NH2, -NHCH3, -N(CH3)2; or, R 19 R 20 R 21 R 22 and R 23 Each is independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and tert-butyl.

8. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, In formula (Ⅰ), 0, 1, or 2 of Y1 and Y2 are N atoms; and / or, In formula (II), at least one of W1 and W2 is a N atom; and / or, In formula (Ⅲ), at least one of A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 is a N atom; and / or, In formula (Ⅳ), at least one of X1, X2, X3, and X4 is a N atom; and / or, In formula (V), at least one of V1, V2, V3 and V4 is an N atom.

9. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein, In formula (Ⅰ), 0, 1, or 2 of Y1 and Y2 are N atoms; and / or, In formula (II), at least one of W1 and W2 is a N atom; and / or, In formula (Ⅲ), one, two, three, or four of A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are N atoms; and / or, In formula (Ⅳ), two or three of X1, X2, X3, and X4 are N atoms; and / or, In formula (V), one, two, or three of V1, V2, V3, and V4 are N atoms.

10. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein, The compound represented by formula (I) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein, The compound represented by formula (II) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein, The compound represented by formula (Ⅲ) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

13. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein, The compound represented by formula (Ⅳ) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

14. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein, The compound represented by formula (V) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:

15. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The positive electrode lithium replenishment material includes Li2C. x O y , where x is any integer in the range of 1-4, y is any integer in the range of 3-6, and x+y=2m, where m is any integer in the range of 2-5.

16. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, The positive electrode lithium replenishment material includes one or more of Li2C2O4, Li2CO3, Li2C4O4, Li2C3O5, and Li2C4O6.

17. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The mass percentage of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material in the positive electrode active layer is 0.05%-10%, 1%-8%, or 1%-5%.

18. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein, The electrolyte additive is present in the non-aqueous electrolyte at a mass ratio of 0.01%-20%, 0.5%-10%, or 1%-5%.

19. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein, The mass percentage of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material in the positive electrode active layer is T1, the mass percentage of the electrolyte additive in the non-aqueous electrolyte is T2, and T1 / T2 is 0.05–20 or 0.1–5.

20. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein, The positive electrode active layer also includes a positive electrode active material, wherein the ratio of the Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode lithium replenishment material to the Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode active material is 1-10 or 2-8.

21. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein, The positive electrode active layer also includes a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium-containing phosphates and lithium-containing transition metal oxides; or... The positive electrode active material includes one or more of the following: lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, and compounds obtained by adding other transition metals or non-transition metals to the aforementioned compounds.

22. A battery device comprising a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the battery device is a battery module, a battery pack, or an energy storage device.

23. An electrical device comprising a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 21 or a battery device according to claim 22.

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