Method and apparatus for receiving data units during congestion
The method and apparatus adapt data unit reordering strategies to handle congestion by altering reordering window behaviors, enhancing data delivery and user experience in congested communication networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/109205
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication networks face challenges in handling data unit congestion, which affects timely delivery of data units, particularly in scenarios involving extended reality (XR) services, where packet loss and out-of-sequence delivery can impact user experience.
A method and apparatus are introduced to manage data unit reordering during congestion by switching between two configurations: a first configuration for normal conditions and a second configuration that alters the handling of data units within a reordering window, including not discarding out-of-range sequence numbers and extending the reordering window duration during congestion.
This approach enhances data unit delivery during congestion by minimizing packet loss and ensuring timely delivery of data units, particularly in congested networks, thereby improving the user experience for XR services.
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Figure CN2024109205_05022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING DATA UNITS DURING CONGESTIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the technology of communication, and in particular to a method and apparatus for receiving data units during congestion.BACKGROUND
[0002] With the development of the communication technology, a lot of new services are provided by the communication network for users. Generally, such new services require that data units are exchanged over the communication network in timely manner.
[0003] Thus, it is important to handling a congestion over a link for transmitting or receiving data units.SUMMARY
[0004] This summary is provided to introduce some aspects in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0005] Certain aspects of the present disclosure and their embodiments may provide solutions to these or other challenges. There are, proposed herein, various embodiments which address one or more of the issues disclosed herein. Specific method and apparatus for receiving data units during congestion may be provided.
[0006] A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a method performed by an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units. The method comprises: determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; using a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; and using a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs.
[0007] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration is different with the first configuration in at least a behavior for handling at least one data unit out of a reordering window.
[0008] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first configuration indicates to discard a data unit having a sequence number out of a range related to the reordering window. The second configuration indicates not to discard the data unit having the sequence number out of the range related to the reordering window.
[0009] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration indicates not to discard the data unit having the sequence number out of the range related to the reordering window for a configured time period.
[0010] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration indicates to transmit received data units to an upper layer without waiting for a missed data unit. The second configuration indicates to stop updating a lower edge of the reordering window.
[0011] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration indicates to stop updating a lower edge of the reordering window for a configured time period.
[0012] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the sequence number is represented by a count value.
[0013] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first configuration indicates a first time period for a reordering window. The second configuration indicates a second time period for a reordering window. The second time period is longer than a first time period in the first configuration.
[0014] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, a length of the second time period is related to a severity level of the congestion.
[0015] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: after using the second configuration for a preconfigured time period, using the first configuration.
[0016] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of data units comprises Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP, data units.
[0017] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration is configured per data radio bearer, DRB, or per logic channel, LCH, and / or configured with a priority value.
[0018] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated, via a radio resource control, RRC, message, or a congestion message.
[0019] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated via a medium access control control element, MAC CE.
[0020] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on a message received from an apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units.
[0021] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on at least one of: a cell load, a number of discarded data units, or a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, performance.
[0022] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a base station. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a base station, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device.
[0023] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method performed by an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units. The method comprises: determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; transmitting, to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines, a message. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.
[0024] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a first configuration when the congestion does not occur. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses the second configuration when the congestion occurs. The second configuration is different with the first configuration in at least a behavior for handling at least one data unit out of a reordering window.
[0025] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of data units comprises Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP, data units.
[0026] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the message indicates the congestion. The message indicates to use the second configuration. The message indicates to activate a protocol data unit set importance, PSI, based service data unit, SDU, discard.
[0027] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated, via a radio resource control, RRC, message, or a congestion message.
[0028] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated via a medium access control control element, MAC CE.
[0029] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on at least one of: a cell load, a number of discarded data units, or a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, performance.
[0030] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a base station. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a base station, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device.
[0031] A third aspect of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units. The apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units at least to perform: determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; using a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; and using a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs.
[0032] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units at least to perform the method according to any of embodiments described above in the first aspect.
[0033] A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units. The apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units at least to perform: determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; transmitting, to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines, a message. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.
[0034] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units at least to perform the method according to any of embodiments described above in the second aspect.
[0035] A fifth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus, cause the at least one processor of the apparatus to perform at least the method according to any of embodiments described above in the first and second aspects.
[0036] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure propose a mechanism that provides specifical mechanism for receiving data units during congestion.
[0037] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first configuration for reordering received data units is used, when the congestion does not occur; and a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units is used, when the congestion occurs.
[0038] This can improve the delivery of data units in case of congestion.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0039] The above and other aspects, features, and benefits of various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more fully apparent, by way of example, from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals or letters are used to designate like or equivalent elements. The drawings are illustrated for facilitating better understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure and not necessarily drawn to scale, in which:
[0040] FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication network to which examples disclosed herein may be applied.
[0041] FIG. 2A is a flow chart for method performed by an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 2B is a flow chart showing additional steps of the FIG. 2A.
[0043] FIG. 3 is a flow chart for method performed by an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure for an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units, according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure for an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units, according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an apparatus / computer readable storage medium, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing exemplary apparatus units for an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units, which is suitable for performing the method according to embodiments of the disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing exemplary apparatus units for an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units, which is suitable for performing the method according to embodiments of the disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only for better understanding, rather than limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. The described features, advantages, and characteristics of the disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0050] Generally, all terms used herein are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the relevant technical field, unless a different meaning is clearly given and / or is implied from the context in which it is used. The steps of any methods disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless clearly given and / or implied from the context. Any feature of any of the embodiments disclosed herein may be applied to any other embodiment, wherever appropriate.
[0051] As used herein, the term “network” or “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards (such for an internet network, or any wireless network) . For example, wireless communication standards may comprise WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) , new radio (NR) , long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, 5G NR, 6G etc. In the following description, the terms “network” and “system” can be used interchangeably.
[0052] The term “node / network node” refers to a computing device or computing entity or computing function or any other devices (physical or virtual) in a communication network. For example, the node in the network may include a base station (BS) , an access point (AP) , or any other suitable device in a wireless communication network. The BS may be, for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNodeB or gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth. Further, the node may include other core network node, such as an Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF, a Session Management Function, SMF, a User Plane Function, UPF, a mobility management entity, MME, or a serving gateway, S-GW, etc.
[0053] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that can access a communication network and receive services therefrom. By way of example and not limitation, the terminal device refers to a mobile terminal, user equipment (UE) , a non-AP device (such as a non-AP Station (STA) ) , or other suitable devices. The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a vehicle, and the like.
[0054] As one example, a terminal device may represent a device configured for communication in accordance with one or more communication standards promulgated by any standard organization, such as 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP.
[0055] As yet another example, in an Internet of Things (IoT) scenario, a terminal device may represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and / or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring and / or measurements to another terminal device and / or network equipment. Particular examples of such machines or devices are sensors, metering devices such as power meters, industrial machinery, or home or personal appliances, for example refrigerators, televisions, personal wearables such as watches etc. In other scenarios, a terminal device may represent a vehicle or other equipment that is capable of monitoring and / or reporting on its operational status or other functions associated with its operation.
[0056] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms.
[0057] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0058] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a communication network to which examples disclosed herein may be applied. The communication network or a cellular communication network may comprise a network node 110 providing one or more cells, such as cell 100, and a network node 112 providing one or more other cells, such as cell 102. Each cell may be, e.g., a macro cell, a micro cell, femto, or a pico cell, for example. The cell may define a coverage area or a service area of the corresponding access node.
[0059] The network node 110 may provide a user equipment (UE) 120 (one or more UEs) with wireless access to the communication network. The wireless access may comprise downlink (DL) communication from the network node to the UE 120 and uplink (UL) communication from the UE 120 to the network node. Examples of uplink channels comprise physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for transmitting control information and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for transmitting data towards the network. Examples of downlink channels comprise physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for transmitting control information and physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for transmitting data towards the user equipment.
[0060] There may be a plurality of UEs 120, 122 in the system. Each of them may be served by the same or by different network nodes 110, 112. UE may be configured with dual connectivity (DC) , wherein the UE, e.g. UE 120, may be connected to multiple network nodes 110, 112. The UEs 120, 122 may communicate with each other, in case device-to-device (D2D) communication interface is established between them via a so-called sidelink (SL) . Such D2D communications may be referred to as machine-to-machine, peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) , for example.
[0061] In the case of multiple network nodes in the communication network, the network nodes may be connected to each other via an interface. LTE specifications call such an interface as X2 interface. An interface between an LTE node and a 5G node, or between two 5G nodes may be called Xn interface.
[0062] The network nodes 110 and 112 may be further connected via another interface to a core network 116 of the communication network. The LTE specifications specify the core network as an evolved packet core (EPC) , and the core network may comprise e.g. a mobility management entity (MME) and a gateway node. The MME may handle mobility of terminal devices in a tracking area encompassing a plurality of cells and handle signalling connections between the terminal devices and the core network. The gateway node may handle data routing in the core network and to / from the terminal devices. The 5G specifications specify the core network as a 5G core (5GC) . The 5G core may comprise e.g. an access and mobility management function (AMF) and a user plane function / gateway (UPF) and other functions. The AMF may handle termination of non-access stratum (NAS) signalling, NAS ciphering &integrity protection, registration management, connection management, mobility management, access authentication and authorization, security context management. The UPF node may support packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and quality of service (QoS) handling, for example.
[0063] The examples disclosed herein may be also applicable in 6G and later version of the communication networks.
[0064] With the development of the communication technology, a lot of new services are provided by the communication network for users. Generally, such new services require that data units are exchanged over the communication network in timely manner. Thus, it is important to handling a congestion over a link (such as a link between a network node and a UE) for transmitting or receiving data units.
[0065] For example, enhancements for the support of XR services has been specified in Rel-18 [RP-230786] , with new mechanisms focusing on awareness, power saving and capacity (see section 16.15 of 3GPP TS 38.300) :
[0066] 16.15 eXtended Reality Services
[0067] 16.15.1 General
[0068] This clause describes the functionalities for the support of eXtended Reality (XR) services that require high data rate and low latency communications. An overview of XR services is available in TR 38.835
[0057] , while the service requirements are documented in TS 22.261
[0019] .
[0069] 16.15.2 Awareness
[0070] XR-Awareness relies on QoS flows, PDU Sets, Data Bursts and traffic assistance information (see TS 23.501 [3] ) .
[0071] The following PDU Set QoS Parameters may be provided by the SMF to the gNB as part of the QoS profile of the QoS flow, and to enable PDU Set based QoS handling at least one of them shall be provided:
[0072] - PDU Set Delay Budget (PSDB) : as defined in TS 23.501 [3] , upper bound for the duration between the reception time of the first PDU (at the UPF for DL, at the UE for UL) and the time when all PDUs of a PDU Set have been successfully received (at the UE in DL, at the UPF in UL) . When available, supersedes the PDB of the QoS flow.
[0073] - PDU Set Error Rate (PSER) : as defined in TS 23.501 [3] , upper bound for a rate of non-congestion related PDU Set losses between RAN and the UE. When available, it supersedes the PER of the QoS flow.
[0074] NOTE 1: In this release, a PDU set is considered as successfully delivered only when all PDUs of a PDU Set are delivered successfully.
[0075] - PDU Set Integrated Handling Information (PSIHI) : indicates whether all PDUs of the PDU Set are needed for the usage of PDU Set by application layer, as defined in TS 23.501 [3] .
[0076] NOTE 2: For a given QoS flow, the PDU Set QoS parameters are common for all PDU Sets but can be different for UL and DL.
[0077] During the Xn-handover preparation procedure, the source gNB sends the stored PDU Set QoS Parameters as part of the QoS profile to the target NG-RAN node.
[0078] In addition, the UPF can identify PDUs that belong to PDU Sets, and may indicate to the gNB the following PDU Set Information in the GTP-U header:
[0079] - PDU Set Sequence Number;
[0080] - Indication of End PDU of the PDU Set;
[0081] - PDU Sequence Number within a PDU Set;
[0082] - PDU Set Size in bytes;
[0083] - PDU Set Importance (PSI) , which identifies the relative importance of a PDU Set compared to other PDU Sets within the same QoS Flow.
[0084] 5GC may provide XR traffic assistance information to gNB through NG AP TSC Assistance Information (TSCAI) as specified in clause 5.37.8 of TS 23.501 [3] (for both GBR and non-GBR QoS flows) :
[0085] - UL and / or DL Periodicity;
[0086] - N6 Jitter Information (i.e. between UPF and Data Network) associated with the DL Periodicity.
[0087] This assistance information can be used by the gNB to configure DRX to enable better UE power saving.
[0088] In addition, 5GC may provide the following information through NG-U as specified in clause 5.37.5.2 of TS 23.501 [3] :
[0089] - Indication of End of Data Burst in the GTP-U header of the last PDU in downlink.
[0090] This information can be used by the gNB to push the UE back to sleep when possible.
[0091] In the uplink, the UE needs to be able to identify PDU Sets and Data Bursts dynamically, including PSI. How this is done is left up to UE implementation but when possible for a QoS flow, this is indicated to the gNB via UE Assistance Information.
[0092] 16.15.3 Power Saving
[0093] Most XR video frame rates (15, 30, 45, 60, 72, 90 and 120 fps) correspond to periodicities that are not an integer (66.66, 33.33, 22.22, 16.66, 13.88, 11.11 and 8.33 ms respectively) . The gNB may configure a DRX cycle expressed in rational numbers so that the DRX cycle matches those periodicities, e.g. for the traffic with a frame rate of 60 fps, the network may configure the UE with a DRX cycle of 50 / 3 ms.
[0094] Configured grants may be configured without the need for the UE to wake up to monitor possible grants for UL retransmissions of configured grants, thus increasing the number of power saving opportunities for the UE.
[0095] 16.15.4 Capacity
[0096] 16.15.4.1 Physical Layer Enhancements
[0097] The following enhancements for configured grant-based PUSCH transmission are introduced:
[0098] - Support of multiple CG PUSCH transmission occasions within a single period of a CG configuration;
[0099] - Indication of unused CG PUSCH occasion (s) of a CG configuration with Uplink Control Information multiplexed in CG PUSCH transmission of the CG configuration.
[0100] 16.15.4.2 Layer 2 Enhancements
[0101] 16.15.4.2.1 Assistance Information
[0102] In order to enhance the scheduling of uplink resources for XR, the following improvements are introduced:
[0103] - One additional buffer size table to reduce the quantisation errors in BSR reporting (e.g. for high bit rates) :
[0104] - Whether, for an LCG, the new table can be used in addition to the regular one is configured by the gNB;
[0105] - When the new table is configured for an LCG, it is used whenever the amount of the buffered data of that LCG is within the range of the new table, otherwise the regular table is used.
[0106] - Delay Status Report (DSR) of buffered data via a dedicated MAC CE:
[0107] - Triggered for an LCG when the remaining time before discard of any buffered PDCP SDU goes below a configured threshold (threshold configured per LCG by the gNB) ;
[0108] - When triggered for an LCG, reports the amount of data buffered with a remaining time before discard below the configured threshold, together with the shortest remaining time of any PDCP SDU buffered.
[0109] - Reporting of uplink assistance information (jitter range, burst arrival time, UL data burst periodicity) per QoS flow by the UE via UE Assistance Information.
[0110] 16.15.4.2.2 Discard
[0111] When the PSIHI indicates that all PDUs of the PDU Set are needed for a QoS flow, as soon as one PDU of a PDU set is known to be lost, the remaining PDUs of that PDU Set can be considered as no longer needed by the application and may be subject to discard operation at the transmitter to free up radio resources.
[0112] NOTE 1: It cannot always be assumed that the remaining PDUs are not useful and can safely be discarded. Also, in case of Forward Error Correction (FEC) , active discarding of PDUs when assuming that a large enough number of packets have already been transmitted for FEC to recover without the remaining PDUs is not recommended as it might trigger an increase of FEC packets.
[0113] In uplink, the UE may be configured with PDU Set based discard operation for a specific DRB.
[0114] When configured, the UE discards all packets in a PDU set when one PDU belonging to this PDU set is discarded due to discard timer expiry.
[0115] The gNB may perform downlink PDU Set discarding based on implementation by taking at least PSDB, PSI, PSIHI parameters into account.
[0116] In case of congestion, the gNB may use the PSI for PDU set discarding. For uplink, dedicated downlink signalling is used to request the UE to apply a shorter discard timer to low importance PDU Sets in PDCP.
[0117] NOTE 2: How PDU Sets are identified as low importance is left up to UE implementation. When a PSI is available, it can be used according to the guidelines specified in TS 26.522
[0058] .
[0118] RAN2 has specified the following uplink traffic information (ul-TrafficInfo) in UEAssistanceInformation, providing the characteristics of uplink QoS flows per PDU sessions [3GPP TS 38.331] :
[0119] The work is continuing in Rel-19 with the following objectives for RAN [RP-240791] :
[0120] The Rel-19 XR Phase 3 objectives are as follows:
[0121] - Study and if justified, specify aspects related to multi-modality (intra-UE) (with coordination with SA2 / SA4 as needed by LS request) . Aim to facilitate efficient and effective support for XR application with Multiple QoS flows with multi-modal inter-dependencies, meeting multi-modal QoS requirements, e.g. synchronization and / or coordination. Efficiency enhancements are expected to be visible in terms of capacity or power consumption. [RAN2] .
[0122] NOTE: Check in RAN#105 (check also other WG involvement if needed) .
[0123] - Specify enhancements to enable transmission / reception in gaps / restrictions that are caused by RRM measurements (from inter-frequency RRM measurement gaps, or intra-frequency measurements, or other scheduling restrictions etc) . [RAN1, RAN2, RAN4]
[0124] - Specify the corresponding measurement gap and scheduling restriction to enable the identified enhancements with RRM performance impact taken into consideration, work being triggered by LS. [RAN4]
[0125] - Specify Enhancements for Scheduling, as follows:
[0126] - For the UL, Study and if justified, Specify enhancements using delay / deadline information, for support of UL scheduling to enable high XR capacity while meeting delay requirements / avoiding too late PDUs. [RAN2] .
[0127] NOTE: LCP implementation complexity need to be taken into account when evaluating solutions.
[0128] NOTE: Check in RAN#105
[0129] - Specify the following user plane enhancements [RAN2]
[0130] - RLC re-transmission related enhancements for operation of RLC Acknowledged Mode (AM) with small packet delay budget.
[0131] - Specify Core requirements related to the above objectives as necessary [RAN4]
[0132] - Extend Release 18 standalone mechanism to support NR-NR dual connectivity as follows [RAN3]
[0133] - PDU set based handling
[0134] - ECN marking
[0135] - Burst Arrival Time reporting, if needed
[0136] - PSI Discard coordination, if needed
[0137] - Note: No RAN2 impact from above items
[0138] NOTE: Whether / to what extent network exposure / RAN awareness / e.g. RAN involved rate control, possibly additional info for DL scheduling, parallel with SA2 work, shall be covered in this WI is TBD.
[0139] In RP-241540 the following has been suggested:
[0140] - With RAN-Aware XR Rate Control, the XR application can dynamically adjust its codec bit rate and encoding parameters to ensure a seamless and high-quality XR user experience. This is achieved by monitoring the network conditions and adapting the application's behavior accordingly, such as reducing the resolution or frame rate when the network is congested.
[0141] - Specify the signaling for network exposure / RAN awareness on the UL congestion information per QoS flow / per DRB, as a means to enable XR cross-layer optimization framework and codec bitrate control.
[0142] In short, it is suggested to use downlink signalling of uplink congestion so that the UE can pass that information to the application, which in turn will adjust its codec. Typically, when UL congestion is signalled to the UE, the application is expected to reduce its bitrate and / or frame rate.
[0143] Finally, 3GPP TSG RAN#104 (June 2024) aims at adding a new objective in September TSG RAN#105 on the uplink congestion handling (RP-241651) .
[0144] 3GPP TS 38.323 specifies a reordering window. The window is designed to manage the sequence of incoming data packets. Since packets can arrive out of order due to varying network conditions, the reordering window helps in resequencing them before they are passed on to upper layers. When a packet arrives, its sequence number is checked against the current window range. If the packet is located below the window, it is discarded:
[0145] 5.2.2.1 Actions when a PDCP Data PDU is received from lower layers
[0146] In this clause, following definitions are used:
[0147] - HFN (State Variable) : the HFN part (i.e. the number of most significant bits equal to HFN length) of the State Variable;
[0148] - SN (State Variable) : the SN part (i.e. the number of least significant bits equal to PDCP SN length) of the State Variable;
[0149] - RCVD_SN: the PDCP SN of the received PDCP Data PDU, included in the PDU header;
[0150] - RCVD_HFN: the HFN of the received PDCP Data PDU, calculated by the receiving PDCP entity;
[0151] - RCVD_COUNT: the COUNT of the received PDCP Data PDU = [RCVD_HFN, RCVD_SN] .
[0152] At reception of a PDCP Data PDU from lower layers, the receiving PDCP entity shall determine the COUNT value of the received PDCP Data PDU, i.e. RCVD_COUNT, as follows:
[0153] - if RCVD_SN < SN (RX_DELIV) –Window_Size:
[0154] - RCVD_HFN = HFN (RX_DELIV) + 1.
[0155] - else if RCVD_SN >= SN (RX_DELIV) + Window_Size:
[0156] - RCVD_HFN = HFN (RX_DELIV) –1.
[0157] - else:
[0158] - RCVD_HFN = HFN (RX_DELIV) ;
[0159] - RCVD_COUNT = [RCVD_HFN, RCVD_SN] .
[0160] After determining the COUNT value of the received PDCP Data PDU = RCVD_COUNT, the receiving PDCP entity shall:
[0161] - perform deciphering and integrity verification of the PDCP Data PDU using COUNT = RCVD_COUNT;
[0162] - if integrity verification fails:
[0163] - indicate the integrity verification failure to upper layer;
[0164] - discard the PDCP Data PDU and consider it as not received;
[0165] - if RCVD_COUNT < RX_DELIV; or
[0166] - if the PDCP Data PDU with COUNT = RCVD_COUNT has been received before:
[0167] - discard the PDCP Data PDU;
[0168] […]
[0169] b) RX_DELIV
[0170] This state variable indicates the COUNT value of the first PDCP SDU not delivered to the upper layers, but still waited for. The initial value is 0, except for sidelink broadcast and groupcast, for SRBs configured with state variables continuation, and for MRBs. For NR sidelink communication for broadcast and groupcast or sidelink SRB4 for NR sidelink discovery, the initial value of the SN part of RX_DELIV is (x –0.5 × 2 [sl-PDCP-SN-Size–1] ) modulo (2 [sl-PDCP-SN-Size] ) , where x is the SN of the first received PDCP Data PDU. For multicast MRBs whose PDCP COUNT is not synchronized as indicated by upper layer, and for broadcast MRBs, the initial value of the SN part of RX_DELIV is set to (x –0.5 × 2 [PDCP-SN-SizeDL–1] ) modulo (2 [PDCP-SN-SizeDL] ) , where x is the SN of the first received PDCP Data PDU. For multicast MRBs, the initial value of RX_DELIV is set, if provided, by initialRX-DELIV in TS 38.331 [3] . For target SRB configured with state variables continuation, the initial value is the value stored in PDCP entity for the corresponding source SRB. For source SRB configured with state variables continuation, the initial value is the value stored in PDCP entity for the corresponding target SRB.
[0171] NOTE 3: For multicast MRBs whose PDCP COUNT is not synchronized as indicated by upper layer, and for broadcast MRBs, the initial value of the HFN part of RX_DELIV is set by UE implementation.
[0172] To ensure that out-of-order packets are not waited for indefinitely, a reordering timer is used. This timer sets a limit on how long the PDCP layer waits for a missing packet before deciding to move forward with the packets it has received:
[0173] 5.2.2.2 Actions when a t-Reordering expires
[0174] When t-Reordering expires, the receiving PDCP entity shall:
[0175] - deliver to upper layers in ascending order of the associated COUNT value after performing header decompression, if not decompressed before:
[0176] - all stored PDCP SDU (s) with associated COUNT value (s) < RX_REORD;
[0177] - all stored PDCP SDU (s) with consecutively associated COUNT value (s) starting from RX_REORD;
[0178] - update RX_DELIV to the COUNT value of the first PDCP SDU which has not been delivered to upper layers, with COUNT value >= RX_REORD;
[0179] - if RX_DELIV < RX_NEXT:
[0180] - update RX_REORD to RX_NEXT;
[0181] - start t-Reordering.
[0182] On one hand, because the RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) layer can handle out-of-sequence reception of RTP packets, a mode of operation where the lower-layers on the receiver side do not always enforce in-sequence delivery to upper layers is preferred by some codecs. But on the other hand, because out-of-sequence delivery might also be interpreted as losses by some other codecs, in-sequence delivery can also be preferred [S4aR230035] . As a result, the reordering timer at PDCP is typically set to the PDB (Packet Delay Budget) in order to leave enough time to receive and reorder packets while also echoing possible issues quickly enough.
[0183] The problem to be solved occurs when congestion occurs over the radio. In such scenarios, depending on the codec, it might be preferrable to either echo the issues as quickly as possible, or give more time for packets to be received correctly (as opposed to discarding them by moving the window too early) .
[0184] FIG. 2A is a flow chart for method performed by an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0185] As shown in FIG. 2, the method 200 comprises: a step S202, determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; a step S204, using a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; and a step S206, using a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs.
[0186] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first configuration for reordering received data units is used, when the congestion does not occur; and a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units is used, when the congestion occurs. This can improve the delivery of data units in case of congestion.
[0187] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration is different with the first configuration in at least a behavior for handling at least one data unit out of a reordering window.
[0188] For example, such data unit may be a missed data unit, an out of order data unit, or an out of sequence data unit, etc.
[0189] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first configuration indicates to discard a data unit having a sequence number out of a range related to the reordering window. The second configuration indicates not to discard the data unit having the sequence number out of the range related to the reordering window.
[0190] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration indicates not to discard the data unit having the sequence number out of the range related to the reordering window for a configured time period.
[0191] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration indicates to transmit received data units to an upper layer without waiting for a missed data unit. The second configuration indicates to stop updating a lower edge of the reordering window.
[0192] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration indicates to stop updating a lower edge of the reordering window for a configured time period.
[0193] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the sequence number is represented by a count value.
[0194] For example, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units may stop reordering incoming data units, e.g., to deliver the received packets to upper layers, to not discard the packets with RCVD_COUNT < RX_DELIV, to not update RX_REORD to RX_NEXT.
[0195] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first configuration indicates a first time period for a reordering window. The second configuration indicates a second time period for a reordering window. The second time period is longer than a first time period in the first configuration.
[0196] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, a length of the second time period is related to a severity level of the congestion.
[0197] FIG. 2B is a flow chart showing additional steps of the FIG. 2A.
[0198] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 200 further comprises: a step S208, after using the second configuration for a preconfigured time period, using the first configuration.
[0199] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of data units comprises Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP, data units, e.g. Protocol Data units, and / or Service Data units.
[0200] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration is configured per data radio bearer, DRB, or per logic channel, LCH, and / or configured with a priority value.
[0201] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated, via a radio resource control, RRC, message, or a congestion message.
[0202] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated via a medium access control control element, MAC CE.
[0203] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on a message received from an apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units.
[0204] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on at least one of: a cell load, a number of discarded data units, or a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, performance.
[0205] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a base station. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a base station, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device.
[0206] FIG. 3 is a flow chart for method performed by an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0207] As shown in FIG. 3, the method 300 comprises: a step S302, determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; a step S304, transmitting, to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines, a message indicating the congestion. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration different for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.
[0208] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a first configuration when the congestion does not occur. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses the second configuration when the congestion occurs. The second configuration is different with the first configuration in at least a behavior for handling at least one data unit out of a reordering window.
[0209] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of data units comprises Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP, data units.
[0210] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the message indicates the congestion. The message indicates to use the second configuration. The message indicates to activate a protocol data unit set importance, PSI, based service data unit, SDU, discard.
[0211] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated, via a radio resource control, RRC, message, or a congestion message.
[0212] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the using of the second configuration is indicated via a medium access control control element, MAC CE.
[0213] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on at least one of: a cell load, a number of discarded data units, or a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, performance.
[0214] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a base station. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a base station, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device.
[0215] The embodiments of the present disclosure assume that the occurrence of congestion is known, for example, by any of the following:
[0216] - for the uplink, the congestion knowledge at the gNB can for instance rely on cell load, the number of discarded PDCP SDUs (Service Data Units) indicated by the UE (which can be derived from the PDCP SN (Sequence Number) Gap Report [3GPP TS 38.323] ) , HARQ performance, ...
[0217] - for the downlink, the congestion knowledge at the gNB can rely on cell load, the number of discarded PDCP SDUs at the gNB transmitter, HARQ performance, ...
[0218] NOTE: the gNB criteria may be left to gNB implementation and may not be specified.
[0219] - for the uplink, the congestion knowledge at the UE can for instance rely on dedicated downlink signalling (as suggested in RP-241540) or on broadcast signalling. For XR services, it can also rely on having PSI (Protocol Data Unit Set Importance) based SDU discard activated. Another possibility would be to rely on the number of discarded PDCP SDUs.
[0220] - for the downlink, the congestion knowledge at the UE can for instance rely on dedicated downlink signalling (e.g. as suggested in RP-241540 assuming it can also reflect the situation of the downlink) , on broadcast signalling, or on the number of discarded PDCP SDUs indicated by the gNB (which can be derived from the PDCP SN Gap Report [3GPP TS 38.323] ) . For XR services, it can also rely on having PSI based SDU discard activated (assuming it can also reflect what happens in the downlink) .
[0221] When congestion is detected (i.e. when one of the events above occurs) , it triggers a change in the PDCP window behaviour on the receiver side:
[0222] - In one alternative, PDCP stops reordering incoming PDUs,
[0223] - e.g., to deliver the received packets to upper layers, to not discard the packets with RCVD_COUNT < RX_DELIV, to not update RX_REORD to RX_NEXT.
[0224] - PDCP resumes reordering of the incoming PDUs if congestion does not occur or when a certain time has passed since stopping of the reordering at the PDCP.
[0225] In this first alternative, t-Reordering remains the same, meaning that delivery of data to upper layer is not delayed. But the update of reordering window is suspended for a configured time period. The technical specification impact can be e.g. as follows (underlined) ,
[0226] 5.2.2.2 Actions when a t-Reordering expires
[0227] When t-Reordering expires, the receiving PDCP entity shall:
[0228] - deliver to upper layers in ascending order of the associated COUNT value after performing header decompression, if not decompressed before:
[0229] - all stored PDCP SDU (s) with associated COUNT value (s) < RX_REORD;
[0230] - all stored PDCP SDU (s) with consecutively associated COUNT value (s) starting from RX_REORD;
[0231] - start t-RxDelivUpdate, if [condition] ;
[0232] - if t-RxDelivUpdate is neither configured nor running; or
[0233] - if t-RxDelivUpdate expires:
[0234] - update RX_DELIV to the COUNT value of the first PDCP SDU which has not been delivered to upper layers, with COUNT value >= RX_REORD;
[0235] - if RX_DELIV < RX_NEXT:
[0236] - update RX_REORD to RX_NEXT;
[0237] - start t-Reordering.
[0238] - In another alternative, the re-ordering timer is set to a different value, possibly in relation with the existing value (e.g. for instance double the value for as long as congestion occurs, or a scaling factor can be configured / indicated) .
[0239] In this second alternative, t-Reordering is extended, meaning that delivery of data to upper layer is also delayed. The technical specification impact can be configuring two or more values for t-Reordering and applying one of them by the receiver side depending on congestion. The receiver side may determine the applying by itself or based on an indication from the transmitter side.
[0240] Which behaviour to follow by the UE can be configured (explicitly per DRB / LCH (Data Radio Bearer / Logic Channel) or implicitly via a priority threshold) by the gNB via RRC signalling, or be part of the congestion signalling. Alternatively, a MAC CE could also be used to control how the PDCP window behaviour is altered.
[0241] In yet another alternative, the PDCP window behaviour could depend on how much congestion there is, assuming several levels of congestion are defined. For instance, the higher the congestion, the more time is given to PDCP to reorder packets.
[0242] With the suggested mechanism, the likelihood of receiving packets in a timely manner increases in case of congestion.
[0243] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure for receiving a plurality of data units, according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0244] As shown in FIG. 4, an apparatus 40 for receiving a plurality of data units comprises: at least one processor 402; and at least one memory 404 including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus 40 at least to perform: determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; using a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; and using a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs.
[0245] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units at least to perform the method according to any of embodiments described above, such as shown in FIG. 2A, 2B.
[0246] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure for transmitting a plurality of data units, according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0247] As shown in FIG. 5, an apparatus 50 for transmitting a plurality of data units comprises: at least one processor 502; and at least one memory 504 including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus 50 for transmitting a plurality of data units at least to perform: determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; transmitting, to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines, a message. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.
[0248] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units at least to perform the method according to any of embodiments described above, such as shown in FIG. 3.
[0249] The processor 402, 502 may be any kind of processing component, such as one or more microprocessor or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include digital signal processors (DSPs) , special-purpose digital logic, and the like. The memory 404, 504 may be any kind of storage component, such as read-only memory (ROM) , random-access memory, cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc.
[0250] FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an apparatus / computer readable storage medium, according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0251] As shown in FIG. 6, a computer-readable storage medium 60 storing instructions 601, which when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus for receiving or transmitting a plurality of data units, cause the at least one processor of the apparatus for receiving or transmitting a plurality of data units to perform the method according to any of the embodiments above mentioned, such as shown in FIG. 2A, 2B, 3.
[0252] In addition, the present disclosure may also provide a carrier containing the computer program / instructions as mentioned above. The carrier is one of an electronic signal, optical signal, radio signal, or the above computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, an optical compact disk or an electronic memory device like a RAM (random access memory) , a ROM (read only memory) , Flash memory, magnetic tape, CD-ROM, DVD, Blue-ray disc and the like.
[0253] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing exemplary apparatus units for an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units, which is suitable for performing the method according to embodiments of the disclosure.
[0254] As shown in FIG. 7, the apparatus 70 for receiving a plurality of data units may include: a determining unit 702, configured for determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; a first using unit 704, using a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; and a second using unit 706, configured for using a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs. The first using unit 704 and the second using unit 706 may be the same unit or not.
[0255] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus 70 for receiving a plurality of data units is further configured for performing the method according to any of the embodiments above mentioned, such as shown in FIG. 2A, 2B.
[0256] FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing exemplary apparatus units for an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units, which is suitable for performing the method according to embodiments of the disclosure.
[0257] As shown in FIG. 8, the apparatus 80 for transmitting a plurality of data units may include: a determining unit 802, configured for determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units; a transmitting unit 804, configured for transmitting, to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines, a message. The apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.
[0258] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus 80 for transmitting a plurality of data units is further configured for performing the method according to any of the embodiments above mentioned, such as shown in FIG. 3.
[0259] The term ‘unit’ may have conventional meaning in the field of electronics, electrical devices and / or electronic devices and may include, for example, electrical and / or electronic circuitry, devices, modules, processors, memories, logic solid state and / or discrete devices, computer programs or instructions for carrying out respective tasks, procedures, computations, outputs, and / or displaying functions, and so on, as such as those that are described herein.
[0260] As used in the present disclosure, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0261] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analogy and / or digital circuitry) and
[0262] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0263] (i) a combination of analogy and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0264] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0265] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. ”
[0266] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in the present disclosure, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in the present disclosure, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0267] With these units, the apparatus may not need a fixed processor or memory, any kind of computing resource and storage resource may be arranged from at least one node / device / entity / apparatus relating to the communication system. The virtualization technology and network computing technology (e.g., cloud computing) may be further introduced, so as to improve the usage efficiency of the network resources and the flexibility of the network.
[0268] The techniques described herein may be implemented by various means so that an apparatus implementing one or more functions of a corresponding apparatus described with an embodiment comprises not only prior art means, but also means for implementing the one or more functions of the corresponding apparatus described with the embodiment and it may comprise separate means for each separate function, or means that may be configured to perform two or more functions. For example, these techniques may be implemented in hardware (one or more apparatuses) , firmware (one or more apparatuses) , software (one or more modules / units) , or combinations thereof. For a firmware or software, implementation may be made through modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein.
[0269] In certain embodiments, some or all of the functionality described herein may be provided by processing circuitry executing instructions stored on in memory, which in certain embodiments may be a computer program product in the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functionalities may be provided by the processing circuitry without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device-readable storage medium, such as in a hard-wired manner. In any of those particular embodiments, whether executing instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or not, the processing circuitry can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to the processing circuitry alone or to other components of the computing device, but are enjoyed by the computing device as a whole, and / or by end users and a wireless network generally.
[0270] The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0271] As described in above exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, embodiments herein afford many advantages. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first configuration for reordering received data units is used, when the congestion does not occur; and a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units is used, when the congestion occurs. This can improve the delivery of data units in case of congestion.
[0272] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustration but not limitation. The present disclosure may be carried out in other ways than those specifically set forth herein without departing from essential characteristics of the disclosure. All changes to these embodiments not departing from the meaning and equivalency of the appended claims are intended to be comprised herein.
[0273] The following documents may be incorporated in entirety by reference.
[0274] RP-230786, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #9, Rotterdam, Netherlands, March 20-23, 2023
[0275] 3GPP TS 38.300 V18.2.0 (2024-06)
[0276] 3GPP TS 38.331 V18.2.0 (2024-06)
[0277] RP-240791, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #103, Maastricht, Netherlands, March 18-21, 2024
[0278] RP-241540, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #104, Shanghai, China, June 17-20, 2024
[0279] RP-241651, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #104, Shanghai, China, June 17-20, 2024
[0280] 3GPP TS 38.323 V18.2.0 (2024-06)
[0281] S4aR230035, 3GPP TSG-S4 ad hoc Meeting #Post 121-e, Online, 30th November 2022 –10th February 2023
Claims
1.A method (200) performed by an apparatus for receiving a plurality of data units, comprising:determining (S202) whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units;using (S204) a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; andusing (S206) a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs.2.The method (200) according to claim 1,wherein the second configuration is different with the first configuration in at least a behavior for handling at least one data unit out of a reordering window.3.The method (200) according to claim 2,wherein the first configuration indicates to discard a data unit having a sequence number out of a range related to the reordering window; andwherein the second configuration indicates not to discard the data unit having the sequence number out of the range related to the reordering window.4.The method (200) according to claim 3,wherein the second configuration indicates not to discard the data unit having the sequence number out of the range related to the reordering window for a configured time period.5.The method (200) according to claim 3,wherein the second configuration indicates to transmit received data units to an upper layer without waiting for a missed data unit; and / orwherein the second configuration indicates to stop updating a lower edge of the reordering window.6.The method (200) according to claim 5,wherein the second configuration indicates to stop updating a lower edge of the reordering window for a configured time period.7.The method (200) according to any of claims 3 to 6,wherein the sequence number is represented by a count value.8.The method (200) according to claim 1 or 2,wherein the first configuration indicates a first time period for a reordering window;wherein the second configuration indicates a second time period for a reordering window; andwherein the second time period is longer than a first time period in the first configuration.9.The method (200) according to claim 8,wherein a length of the second time period is related to a severity level of the congestion.10.The method (200) according to any of claims 1 to 9, further comprising:after using the second configuration for a preconfigured time period, using (S208) the first configuration.11.The method (200) according to any of claims 1 to 10,wherein the plurality of data units comprises Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP, data units.12.The method (200) according to claim any of claims 1 to 11,wherein the second configuration is configured per data radio bearer, DRB, or per logic channel, LCH, and / or configured with a priority value.13.The method (200) according to claim any of claims 1 to 12,wherein the using of the second configuration is indicated, via a radio resource control, RRC, message, or a congestion message.14.The method (200) according to claim any of claims 1 to 13,wherein the using of the second configuration is indicated via a medium access control control element, MAC CE.15.The method (200) according to claim any of claims 1 to 14,wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on a message received from an apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units.16.The method (200) according to claim any of claims 1 to 14,wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on at least one of: a cell load, a number of discarded data units, or a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, performance.17.The method (200) according to claim 15 or 16,wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a base station; orwherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a base station, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device.18.A method (300) performed by an apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data units, comprising:determining (S302) whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units;transmitting (S304) , to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units, a message;wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.19.The method (300) according to claim 18,wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a first configuration when the congestion does not occur;wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses the second configuration when the congestion occurs;wherein the second configuration is different with the first configuration in at least a behavior for handling at least one data unit out of a reordering window.20.The method (300) according to any of claims 18 to 19,wherein the plurality of data units comprises Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP, data units.21.The method (300) according to any of claims 18 to 20,wherein the message indicates the congestion; orwherein the message indicates to use the second configuration; orwherein the message indicates to activate a protocol data unit set importance, PSI, based service data unit, SDU, discard.22.The method (300) according to claim any of claims 18 to 21,wherein the using of the second configuration is indicated, via a radio resource control, RRC, message, or a congestion message.23.The method (300) according to claim any of claims 18 to 22,wherein the using of the second configuration is indicated via a medium access control control element, MAC CE.24.The method (300) according to claim any of claims 18 to 23,wherein the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units determines whether the congestion occurs based on at least one of: a cell load, a number of discarded data units, or a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, performance.25.The method (300) according to claim 18 or 24,wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a base station; orwherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units comprises a base station, and the apparatus for transmitting the plurality of data units comprises a terminal device.26.An apparatus (40) for receiving a plurality of data units, comprising:at least one processor (402) ; andat least one memory (404) including computer program code;the at least one memory (404) and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor (402) , cause the apparatus (40) for receiving a plurality of data units at least to perform:determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units;using a first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion does not occur; andusing a second configuration different from the first configuration for reordering received data units, when the congestion occurs.27.The apparatus (40) according to claim 26, wherein the at least one memory (404) and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor (402) , further cause the apparatus (40) for receiving a plurality of data units at least to perform the method according to any of claims 2 to 17.28.An apparatus (50) for transmitting a plurality of data units, comprising:at least one processor (502) ; andat least one memory (504) including computer program code;the at least one memory (504) and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor (502) , cause the apparatus (50) for transmitting a plurality of data units at least to perform:determining whether a congestion occurs over a link for a transmission or a reception of the plurality of data units;transmitting, to an apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units determines, a message;wherein the apparatus for receiving the plurality of data units uses a second configuration for reordering received data units, after receiving the message.29.The apparatus (50) according to claim 28, wherein the at least one memory (504) and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor (502) , further cause the apparatus (50) for transmitting a plurality of data units at least to perform the method according to any of claims 19 to 25.30.A computer-readable storage medium (60) storing instructions (601) , which when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus, cause the at least one processor of the apparatus to perform at least the method according to any of claims 1 to 25.
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