Methods and apparatuses for unified COMP / ca support
The UE-centric cell-free system addresses handover latency in 5G NR by using CC groups and CoMP/CA configurations, enhancing mobility and coordination in wireless communication.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/126892
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-08-02
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-05
AI Technical Summary
Conventional cellular systems face challenges with handover latency and inefficiencies in wireless communication due to cell-centric layouts, particularly in 5G NR systems, which can be addressed by transitioning to a UE-centric cell-free (UC-CF) system that eliminates cell boundaries and utilizes component carrier groups for flexible network design.
Implementing a UE-centric cell-free (UC-CF) system with coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communication and component carrier (CC) aggregation, where UE receives configuration information on CC groups, TRP IDs, and frequency resources to facilitate coherent and non-coherent joint CoMP, layered CoMP, and carrier aggregation (CA) communications.
This approach reduces handover latency and enhances mobility and coordination among transmit points, providing a more robust and flexible wireless communication system.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024126892_05022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR UNIFIED COMP / CA SUPPORT
[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0002] The present application claims priority from U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 678, 726, filed on August 02, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, and in particular to methods and apparatuses to support joint unified coordinated multiple point operation (CoMP) and / or component carrier (CC) aggregation transmission.BACKGROUND
[0004] In 5G NR and earlier wireless system, an area covered by a base station is denoted as a cell and has a cell ID associated with it, and if multiple carriers are also supported in this case, each carrier could be denoted as a separate cell as well and have separate cell ID associated with each of the carrier (as each carrier is separate in frequency domain) . Conventional cellular system provides a feasible solution for wireless communication such that frequency reuse, interference mitigation can be utilized. However, it has some drawbacks that need to be overcome. One of them is the handover (HO) , namely, when UE moves from one cell to the other, it needs HO procedure to hand over the UE from one cell to the other, which may take longer time and incur more latency. Around the development of 5G NR system or even earlier, UE centric no cell (UCNC) system was studied and is considered as a new direction to re-define the wireless system layout. In such system. instead of using cell-centric layout, an UE-centric layout is used which removes the cell boundary in conventional cell-centric system. The benefits of such UE centric no cell system include facilitating mobility and improving coordination among TP (s) for communication as from the UE perspective, the whole cellular system includes only a hyper-cell instead of many small cells. In 5G / NR, many aspects about UCNC have been developed and specified, for example, different higher layer configured ID can be used to scramble signals from different TP (s) Ior network nodeinstead of using different cell ID. Conventional HO process is also improved in 5G NR Rel-18 by introducing low-layer trigger mobility (LTM) for node switch at lower layer which will reduce the HO latency.
[0005] “5G” refers to 5th generation. “NR” refers to New Radio. “UE” refers to user equipment. “ID” refers to identity or identification. “TP” refers to transmit point.SUMMARY
[0006] To overcome the challenges of conventional wireless systems and make a more robust and flexible generation wireless system, a new design of wireless system may be considered, which can be denoted UE centric cell free (UC-CF) system. In such a new system, the conventional cellular layout is replaced with a system that does not have cell (s) associated with each base station or carriers. To overcome the drawback by the cell limitation and provide full flexible network design, the cell may not be used throughout the whole network. Instead, a component carrier (CC) group or uni-carrier (union-carrier) or union-CC, or virtual carrier, or virtual CC and associated CC along with corresponding information could be configured for the UE.
[0007] According to a first aspect, there is provided a method performed at a user equipment (UE) involving: receiving information on one or more component carrier (CC) groups, wherein each CC group includes one or more CCs; receiving configuration information of coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communication using at least one CC group, wherein the at least one CC group belongs to the one or more CC groups; and performing communications based on the configuration information of CoMP communication.
[0008] In some implementations, for each CC group of the one or more CC groups, the information on the one or more CC groups is at least one of: a CC group identity (ID) for the CC group; frequency resource information for the CC group; a transmit receive point (TRP) ID for each of one or more TRPs associated with the CC group; and for each CC associated with the CC group, at least one of: a CC ID; and frequency resource information.
[0009] In some implementations, the information on the one or more CC groups further includes a first CC ID indicating a first CC in a first CC group belonging to the one or more CC groups for the UE to camp on when the UE is in an idle state or an inactive state, and for the UE to connect as a primary CC when the UE is in connected state.
[0010] In some implementations, the CoMP communication includes one or more of: a coherent joint CoMP communication; a non-coherent joint CoMP communication; a layered CoMP communication; a carrier aggregation (CA) communication; a joint CoMP and CA communication; and dynamic point switching (DPS) .
[0011] In some implementations, the configuration information of the CoMP communication indicating at least one parameter for the CoMP communication includes at least one of: at least one CC group ID, each associated with one of the one or more CC groups; for each of the at least one CC group, at least one of: at least one TRP ID, each associated with one of the one or more TRPs of the CC group; at least one CC ID, each associated with one of the one or more CCs included in the CC group; and for each of the at least one CC, at least one of: at least one layer index, each associated with one of the one or more layers included in the CC;at least one beam ID, each associated with one of the one or more beams included in the CC; and reference signal configuration including one or more of channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) or sounding reference signal (SRS) ; QCL or TCI information between different reference signals.
[0012] In some implementations, at least one TRP ID is indicated by associated information, wherein the associated information includes one or more of: reference signal (RS) port information; or the QCL or the TCI information.
[0013] In some implementations, the method further involves: receiving CoMP channel measurement configuration information; and reporting channel measurement information based on the CoMP channel measurement configuration information.
[0014] In some implementations, the CoMP channel measurement information includes one or more of: candidates for a CoMP measurement set; candidates for a CA measurement set; a measurement configuration; and a measurement method.
[0015] In some implementations, the candidates for the CoMP measurement set and / or the CA measurement set include one or more of: a TRP ID; a CC group ID; a CC ID; a layer index; and a beam ID.
[0016] In some implementations, the method further involves: receiving a dynamic indication to start a measurement according to the CoMP channel measurement information.
[0017] In some implementations, the measurement configuration information includes configuration information for at least one of: synchronization signal blocks (SSB) ; channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) ; demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ; sounding reference signal (SRS) ; measurement periodicity; aperiodic measurement triggering; and measurement window.
[0018] In some implementations, receiving the configuration information of CoMP communication involves: receiving CoMP and carrier aggregation (CA) set configuration information; and receiving a dynamic indication to start the CoMP communication.
[0019] In some implementations, the dynamic indication is for scheduling a joint CoMP and CA transmission of the communications and is carried in downlink control information (DCI) or a combination of DCI and media access control-control element (MAC CE) .
[0020] In some implementations, the DCI or the combination of DCI and MAC CE indication includes one or more of: a TRP ID; a beam ID; a CC group ID; a CC ID; a layer index; resource allocation information for at least one of frequency domain, time domain and spatial domain; DMRS port information; QCL information; Hybrid automatic request (HARQ) information; HARQ-feedback RA information; target set indication information; switching timing indication; power control information; aperiodic channel measurement report triggering information; and SRS port information.
[0021] In some implementations, the method further includes receiving an indication of terminating or deactivating at least one of: a joint CoMP and CA measurement configuration; and a joint CoMP and CA transmission configuration.
[0022] In some implementations, the method further involves camping on the first CC.
[0023] In some implementations, the method further involves reporting capability information of CoMP communications.
[0024] In some implementations, the capability information includes supporting one or more of: an indication of at least one coherent joint CoMP communication; an indication of at least one non-coherent joint CoMP communication; a number of layers for layered CoMP communication; a number of carriers for CA communication; and a total number of carriers for joint CoMP and CA communication.
[0025] According to a second aspect, there is provided a method performed at a network side device including: transmitting information on one or more component carrier (CC) groups, wherein each CC group includes one or more CCs; transmitting configuration information of coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communication using at least one CC group, wherein the at least one CC group belongs to the one or more CC groups; and performing communications based on the configuration information of CoMP communication.
[0026] In some implementations, for each CC group of the one or more CC groups, the information on the one or more CC groups is at least one of: a CC group identify (ID) for the CC group; frequency resource information for the CC group; a transmit receive point (TRP) ID for each of one or more TRPs associated with the CC group; and for each CC associated with the CC group, at least one of: a CC ID; and frequency resource information.
[0027] In some implementations, the information on the one or more CC groups further includes a first CC ID indicating a first CC in a first CC group belonging to the one or more CC groups for a user equipment (UE) to camp on when the UE is in an idle state or an inactive state, and for the UE to connect as a primary CC when the UE is in connected state.
[0028] In some implementations, the CoMP communication includes one or more of: a coherent joint CoMP communication; a non-coherent joint CoMP communication; a layered CoMP communication; a carrier aggregation (CA) communication; a joint CoMP and CA communication; and dynamic point switching (DPS) .
[0029] In some implementations, the configuration information of the CoMP communication indicating at least one parameter for the CoMP communication includes at least one of: at least one CC group ID, each associated with one of the one or more CC groups; for each of the at least one CC group, at least one of: at least one TRP ID, each associated with one of the one or more TRPs of the CC group; at least one CC ID, each associated with one of the one or more CCs included in the CC group; and for each of the at least one CC, at least one of: at least one layer index, each associated with one of the one or more layers included in the CC; at least one beam ID, each associated with one of the one or more beams included in the CC; and reference signal configuration including one or more of channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) or sounding reference signal (SRS) ; QCL or TCI information between different reference signals.
[0030] In some implementations, at least one TRP ID is indicated by associated information and includes one or more of: reference signal (RS) port information; or the QCL or TCI information.
[0031] In some implementations, the method further includes: transmitting CoMP channel measurement configuration information; and receiving channel measurement information based on the CoMP channel measurement configuration information.
[0032] In some implementations, the CoMP channel measurement information includes one or more of: candidates for a CoMP measurement set; candidates for a CA measurement set; a measurement configuration; and a measurement method.
[0033] In some implementations, the candidates for the CoMP measurement set and / or the CA measurement set include one or more of: a TRP ID; a CC group ID; a CC ID; a layer index; and a beam ID.
[0034] In some implementations, the method further includes: transmitting a dynamic indication to start a measurement according to the CoMP channel measurement information.
[0035] In some implementations, the measurement configuration information includes configuration information for at least one of: synchronization signal blocks (SSB) ; channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) ; demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ; sounding reference signal (SRS) ; measurement periodicity; aperiodic measurement triggering; and measurement window.
[0036] In some implementations, transmitting the configuration information of CoMP communication includes: transmitting CoMP and carrier aggregation (CA) set configuration information; and transmitting a dynamic indication to start the CoMP communication.
[0037] In some implementations, the dynamic indication is for scheduling a joint CoMP and CA transmission of the communications and is carried in downlink control information (DCI) or a combination of DCI and media access control-control element (MAC CE) .
[0038] In some implementations, the DCI or the combination of DCI and MAC CE indication includes one or more of: a TRP ID; a beam ID; a CC group ID; a CC ID; a layer index; resource allocation information for at least one of frequency domain, time domain and spatial domain; DMRS port information; QCL information; Hybrid automatic request (HARQ) information; HARQ-feedback RA information; target set indication information; switching timing indication; power control information; aperiodic channel measurement report triggering information; and SRS port information.
[0039] In some implementations, the method further involves transmitting an indication of terminating or deactivating at least one of: a joint CoMP and CA measurement configuration; and a joint CoMP and CA transmission configuration.
[0040] In some implementations, the method further involves: receiving capability information of CoMP communications.
[0041] In some implementations, the capability information includes supporting one or more of: an indication of at least one coherent joint CoMP communication; an indication of at least one non-coherent joint CoMP communication; a number of layers for layered CoMP communication; a number of carriers for CA communication; and a total number of carriers for joint CoMP and CA communication
[0042] According to a third aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the first aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the first aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0043] According to a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the second aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the second aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0044] According to a fifth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the first aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect.
[0045] According to a sixth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the second aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect.
[0046] In someimplementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0047] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include the memory.
[0048] The communication apparatus may be a terminal, a module in a terminal, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a terminal, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0049] According to a seventh aspect, a communication system is described. The communication system includes a processor and a computer-readable medium having stored thereon, computer executable isntructions that, when exectued, cause the system to perform the methods as any one of the possible designs of the first aspect or second aspect.
[0050] According to an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is described. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when a computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect or second aspect.
[0051] According to a ninth aspect, this application provides a computer program product. When a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect or second aspect.
[0052] According to a tenth aspect, this application provides a system including at least one of an apparatus at a UE of the present application, or an apparatus at a network device of the present application.
[0053] According to an eleventh aspect, this application provides a method performed by a system including at least one of an apparatus at a UE of the present application, and an apparatus at a network device of the present application.
[0054] This application encompasses various implementations, including not only method implementations, but also other implementations such as apparatus implementations and implementations related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. implementations may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0055] For a more complete understanding of the present implementations, and the advantages thereof, reference is now made, by way of example, to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0056] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in which the present disclosure may occur.
[0057] FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of a communication system in which the present disclosure may occur.
[0058] FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating units or modules in a device in which the present disclosure may occur.
[0059] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating units or modules in a device in which the present disclosure may occur.
[0060] FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating units or modules in a device in which the present disclosure may occur.
[0061] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example hybrid wireless system supporting UE centric free cell (UC-CF) that may be used in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0062] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating how layered based joint UE-centric coordinated multi-point operation (CoMP) transmission may be used in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0063] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating how quasi co-location (QCL) information may be used for dynamic point switching (DPS) that may be used in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0064] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of calculating a direction of a UE-UL TRP link in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0065] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating using two stage downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling joint CoMP / CA transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0066] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating turning off a particular transmit point (TP) for joint UE-centric CoMP and / or CA transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0067] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating deactivating a particular one or more component carrier (CC) for joint UE-centric CoMP and / or CA transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0068] FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example method of supporting joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0069] FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating another example method of supporting joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0070] For illustrative purposes, specific example implementations will now be explained in greater detail below in conjunction with the figures.
[0071] The implementations and examples set forth herein represent information sufficient to practice the claimed subject matter and illustrate ways of practicing such subject matter. Upon reading the following description in light of the accompanying figures, those of skill in the art will understand the concepts of the claimed subject matter and will recognize applications of these concepts not particularly addressed herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications fall within the scope of the disclosure and the accompanying claims.
[0072] Moreover, it will be appreciated that any module, component, or device disclosed herein that executes instructions may include or otherwise have access to a non-transitory computer / processor readable storage medium or media for storage of information, such as computer / processor readable instructions, data structures, program modules, and / or other data. A non-exhaustive list of examples of non-transitory computer / processor readable storage media includes magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, optical disks such as compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , digital video discs or digital versatile discs (i.e. DVDs) , Blu-ray DiscTM, or other optical storage, volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology, random-access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , flash memory or other memory technology. Any such non-transitory computer / processor storage media may be part of a device or accessible or connectable thereto. Computer / processor readable / executable instructions to implement an application or module described herein may be stored or otherwise held by such non-transitory computer / processor readable storage media.
[0073] FIGs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 following below provide context for a network and devices that may be in the network and that may implement aspects of the present disclosure.
[0074] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to an implementation of the present disclosure. There is shown a communication system 100 that includes a radio access network (RAN) 120, one or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 10a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (collectively referred to as 110) , a core network 130, a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 . The RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future generation RAN, or a legacy RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network. The RAN 120 may be, for example, an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) , a NextGen RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN. Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) for 2G, UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) based on WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) and CDMA2000 for 3G, LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for 4G, and NR (New Radio) for 5G. In some implementations, The RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more EDs 110 and the RAN 120. In some implementations, the term “radio access” may refer to the future generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations. The one or more communication EDs 110 (also referred to as “user equipment” ) are configured to connect (e.g., communicatively couple) with each other or to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (collectively referred to as 170) in the RAN 120. The core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and consists of network nodes (e.g., 170a , 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. In some implementations, the CN 130 may be dependent on the RAT used in the communication system 100. In other implementations, the CN 130 may be access-agnostic, i.e., the CN 130 may be independent of the RAT used in the communication system 100. There are different types of CN 130, for different 3GPP system generations. For example, the CN 130 is the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) in 4G, also known as the Evolved Packet System (EPS) . In another example, the CN 130 is the 5G Core (5GC) which was developed as part of the 5G System (5GS) . The CN 130 also enables integration of different 3GPP and non-3GPP access types. In some implementations and referring to FIG. 1, the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
[0075] In general, the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and / or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0076] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services, Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) services, Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, Ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility and the like.
[0077] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network comprising multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0078] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100 according to an implementation of the present disclosure, there is shown the communication system 100 includes EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (collectively referred to as ED 110) , RANs 120a, 120b, one or more CNs 130, a PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. Additionally, the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c. The RANs 120a and 120b may include network nodes 170a and 170b respectively. Examples of network nodes 107a, 107b include base stations, which can be generally referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a and 170b (collectively referred to as 170) . In this context, the terms "TRP" and "base station" are used interchangeably unless otherwise specified. For simplicity, this disclosure primarily refers to network nodes as base stations; however, unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to TRP are considered non-limiting and interchangeable. The T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower. In one implementation, the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0079] In some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 is not attached to the ground, for example, as in the case of an airborne base station. An airborne base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a flying device. For example, a flying device may include, but is not limited to, an airborne platform (such as a blimp or an airship) , balloon, drone (such as quadcopter) , and other types of aerial vehicles. In some implementations, an airborne base station may be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , such as a drone. An airborne base station may be a moveable or mobile base station that can be flexibly deployed in different locations to meet network demand. A satellite base station is another example of a non-terrestrial base station. A satellite base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station may also be referred to as an orbiting base station. High altitude platforms are yet another example of non-terrestrial base stations, including international mobile telecommunication base stations.
[0080] As referred to herein, and unless specified otherwise, a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or an NT-TRP, a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP” , and an “NT-TRP” may also refer to an “NTN TRP” . The NTN 120c may be considered a RAN, sharing operational aspects with RANs 120a, 120b. The NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device. The at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, communicating with the ED 110 via the NTN device. Additionally, there may be an NTN gateway on the ground (referred to as a terrestrial network device) that also functions as a transport layer device facilitating communication with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node may communicate with the ED 110 via the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may be located within the same device.
[0081] A base station 170 (also referred to as a TRP as stated above) is a network element within a radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the ED (such as a user equipment (UE) ) . In different implementations, the base station 170 may also be known as a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, and a positioning node, among other possibilities. The base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or combinations thereof. When the base station 170 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.
[0082] The EDs 110a-110d and TRPs 170a-170b, 172 are examples of communication equipment configured to implement some or all of the operations and / or implementations described herein. The T-TRP 170a forms part of the RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs, and / or other devices. Also, the TRP 170b forms part of the RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs, and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b may transmit and / or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or a “coverage area” . The TRPs 170a-170b may be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmission and / or reception in a set of cell (s) . A cell is a radio network object that can be uniquely identified by a cell identification that is broadcasted over a geographical region or area from base stations associated with the cell. A cell can work in either FDD or TDD mode. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and a base station 170a-170b may, for example, employ one or more transceivers to provide services to one or more sectors. Some implementations, may include pico or femto cells if supported by the radio access technology. In some implementations, one or more transceivers could be used for each cell, such as with Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology. The number of RANs 120a-120b shown is merely an example. Any number of RANs may be contemplated when designing the communication system 100.
[0083] A base station may be a single element, as shown in the figures, or multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or otherwise configured. In some implementations, a plurality of RAN nodes coordinate to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement and handle different functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc. The CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or included within the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) . The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit (i.e., a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , or a remote radio head (RRH) ) . In different systems, the CU (or the CU-CP and the CU-UP) , the DU, or the RU may be known by different names, but their functions are understood by person skilled in the art. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, a CU may be referred to as an open CU (O-CU) , a DU may be referred to as an open DU (O-DU) , and a CU-CP may be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) . The CU-UP may also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP) , and the RU may also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU) . Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP) , the DU, and the RU may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0084] Furthermore, communication between different devices / apparatuses in various implementations of this disclosure may refer to direct communication (that is, without the need of forwarding by another device / apparatus) , or may refer to communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses via another device / apparatus (that is, requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus) . Alternatively, such communication (s) may involve one functional unit inside a device / apparatus using another functional unit within the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, phrases such as "sending (or transmitting) information to... (an ED or a base station) " in this disclosure may be understood as a destination endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including, sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to an ED or a base station. Similarly, phrases like "receiving information from... (an ED or a base station) “ may be understood as a source endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including directly or indirectly receiving information from an ED or a base station. Between the source endpoint that sends the information and the destination endpoint, necessary processing such as, but not limited to, format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering may be performed on the information. However, the destination endpoint may understand valid information from the source endpoint. A similar understanding applies to other descriptions in this disclosure without reiterating details already described. In the present disclosure, the terms "send" and "transmit" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this disclosure.
[0085] The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, and other entities. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, but not limited to, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , MTC, internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, and autonomous delivery and mobility.
[0086] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to as, but not limited to) a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , an MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus (such as a module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to by other terms. When an ED 110 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED itself, one or more modules (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0087] Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and / or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one or more of:connection availability and connection necessity.
[0088] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any of the TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110d may communicate using an UL and / or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0089] An air interface (such as, for example, 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as EDs and base station (s) . For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (such as, data) over a wireless communications link. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, that may include any suitable radio access technology.
[0090] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the EDs 110a, 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or more NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0091] The TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (such as radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links. The air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) , Lattice Partition Multiple Access (LPMA) , Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) , and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) .
[0092] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, multimedia, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by the CN 130, and may employ different radio access technologies from RAN 120a and / or RAN 120b. The CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b and / or the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. For example, the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c communicate using different cellular communications protocols, such as, but not limited to, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a New Radio (NR) protocol, and the like. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate using wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and / or to the Internet 150. The PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . The Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and may incorporate one or multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0093] In addition, the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and / or any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In one implementation, the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In another implementation, the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and / or the RAN 120 (such as any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172) .
[0094] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (such as ED 110) . The apparatus 320 may be a network node (e.g., the network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172. Although only one apparatus 310, and one apparatus 320 are shown in the figure, the number of apparatus 310 and / or number of apparatus 320 can vary, potentially including one or more of each. For example, a single ED 110 may be served by a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) , or by multiple T-TRPs 170 (or multiple NT-TRPs 172) . Similarly, a single ED 110 may be served by one or more T-TRPs 170 and one or more NT-TRPs 172. Similarly, a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) may serve one or more EDs 110.
[0095] The apparatus 310 may include one or more processors 210. For clarity and to avoid overcrowding the illustration, only a single processor 210 is illustrated. The apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. For clarity, only a single antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated into a single unit, for example, as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by the one or more antennas 204 or a network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received by the one or more antennas 204. A transceiver may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received through wireless or wired communication. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. The apparatus 310 may include a memory 208. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 may include multiple memories 208. Only a single transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0096] The memory 208 is configured to store instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 208 may also be configured to store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310. For example, the memory 208 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or operations described herein and that which are executed by the one or more processors 210.
[0097] The apparatus 310 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces. The input / output devices or interfaces facilitate interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes suitable components for facilitating transmission of information to a user and reception of information from a user, and for various network interface communications. Such components may include, but are not limited to, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, and the like.
[0098] The processor 210 may be configured to perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310. For example, the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform the operations of: a) receiving one or more transport blocks (TBs) , b) using a resource for decoding at least one of the received TBs, c) releasing the resource for decoding another of the received TBs, and / or d) receiving configuration information configuring a resource. Specifically, the operations may include tasks related to: preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320, processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320, and handling SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, transmit / receive beamforming, modulating / demodulating and encoding / decoding symbols. Depending upon the implementation, a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (such as by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 may be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, which includes operations for detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, such as using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
[0099] Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 210 may either be a part of the transmitter 201 or a part of the receiver 203 or a part of both the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the memory 208 may be a part of the processor 210.
[0100] The processor 210, along with the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by one or more processors that may the same or different. These processors are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (such as in the memory 208) .
[0101] The apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated) . The apparatus 320 may further include one or more transmitters 252 and one or more receivers 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only a single antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid clutter in the illustration. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a single unit such as, for example, as a transceiver. The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may include multiple memories 258. The apparatus 320 may further include a scheduler 253. Only a single transmitter 252, receiver 254, processor 260, memory 258, antenna 256 and scheduler 253 are illustrated for simplicity, however the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components. In the present disclosure, in some implementations, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0102] In some implementations, various components of the apparatus 320 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remotely from the equipment housing the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (and therefore also can be viewed as one or more nodes) . These modules, which can be considered as one or more nodes, may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) , sometimes referred to as front haul, such as the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some implementations, the term apparatus 320 may also refer to network-side nodes that perform processing operations such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that which are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320. The nodes may also be coupled to other apparatuses 320. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may actually be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, such as through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or through the use of ORAN system as described above in the disclosure.
[0103] The processor 260 is configured to perform operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, precoding (such as MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 is further configured to generate an indication of beam direction, such as BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by the scheduler 253 which will be described below. In some implementations, the processor 260 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (such as BAI) received from another apparatus 320. The processor 260 is configured to perform other network side processing operations described herein, such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 may generate signaling data, to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and / or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling data generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may perform higher layer functions such as those at the Medium Access Control (MAC) or Radio Link Control (RLC) layers in addition to physical layer processing. In the apparatus 320, the scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260 or integrated within the processor 260. In some implementations, the scheduler 253 may be integrated within the apparatus 320 or may be operated separately from the apparatus 320. The scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (such as “configured grant” ) resources.
[0104] The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258 that is configured to store instructions for performing the operations described herein. The memory 258 may also store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or implementations described herein and that which are executed by the processor 260.
[0105] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may be implemented as part of the transmitter 252 and / or a part of the receiver 254. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253 and the memory 258 may be implemented as part of the processor 260.
[0106] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as in the memory 258.
[0107] The apparatus 320 and / or the apparatus 310 may include other components, not shown or described herein for the sake of clarity.
[0108] Note that the term “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be referred to as control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity. Signaling between a base station (such as the TRP 170a. 170b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (such as ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel. For DL, the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For UL, the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . For SL, signaling between different UEs or sensing devices (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be known as SL control information (SCI) which is transmitted in a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (such as higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, such as in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for SL signaling. Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling. The higher layer signaling may include radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control -control element (MAC-CE) signaling. Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
[0109] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, “information” , when different from “message” , may be carried within a single message, or may be carried in multiple separate messages.
[0110] FIG. 4
[0111] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 410 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as the ED 110 or the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. For example, the apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some instances may be referred to as a chip, a modem, a modem chip, a baseband chip, or a baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus 410 can include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within the ED 110, or within the apparatus 310. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within one of the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172, or the apparatus 320.
[0112] In an example, the apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411, and an interface circuit 412. The apparatus 410 may further include a memory 413. The one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. The memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In an example, the one or more processors 411 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the method implementations disclosed herein. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for execution by the one or more processors 411. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may include computer program instructions and / or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors 411. Thus, the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and / or data for a plurality of times for the one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method implementations disclosed herein. As a communication interface, the interface circuit 412 is configured to implement communication with another component. For example, the interface circuit 412 may communicate a signal with other apparatus / system such as a radio frequency processing apparatus, or processor system. The communication includes transmitting signal (or data, information) to another component or device, or receives signal from another component or device. “transmitting” includes outputting the signal to a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit (transmitting unit) . “receiving” includes inputting or obtaining a signal from a component or device that is directly or indirectly couped to the interface circuit (receiving unit) . Optionally, to reduce a load of the one or more processors, a baseband signal processing circuit 414 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
[0113] The apparatus 410 may be the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenarios, or may be included within the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenarios. The apparatus 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips. The apparatus 410 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, an SoC chip or an SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further be included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
[0114] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implemenation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 510 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or implementations described herein. In some implementations, the apparatus 510 includes a processing unit 512 and a communication unit 513. Optionally, the apparatus 510 may further include a storage unit 511 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0115] The apparatus 510 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be the apparatus 310. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 210. The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 208.
[0116] The apparatus 510 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be apparatus 320. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) . The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 258.
[0117] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is an ED 110 or a module in an ED 110, a function of the apparatus 510 may be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit.
[0118] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in an ED 110, -such as a modem chip, a SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core -a function of the processing unit 512 may be implemented by a circuit system within the chip which includes one or more processors. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.
[0119] It may be understood that the units in the apparatus 510 may be logical or functional. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into a single functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into a single physical entity, or may be distributed across different physical entities. In addition, the functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this disclosure.
[0120] In an example, a functional unit in any one of the apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the methods disclosed herein, for example, as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more microprocessors or microprocessor units (MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers or microcontroller units (MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , or a combination of these.
[0121] In an example, the storage unit 511 may include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or a register.
[0122] A processor may be referred to as a processor system, an application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core. The processor may include one or a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more microprocessors (microprocessor units, MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , one or more artificial intelligence processors (AI processors) , or one or more neural network processing units (NPUs) .
[0123] Memory or a storage unit may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magnetoresistive random access memory (magnetoresistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache, a register, a read-only memory (ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk, and the like. In an example, computer program instructions used to execute implementations may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) . When a terminal runs, a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of a memory or a storage unit (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the method implementations disclosed herein.
[0124] In a wireless system, a UE gets access to the network by searching for DL synchronization channel first. After it is synchronized on downlink with a TP, which can be referred as TRP, it could get essential system information from MIB and SIB. It could also get synchronized with network on uplink by going through the RACH procedure. After synchronization on both links are completed, it could set up connection with the network at different levels and start to communicate with the network. “RACH” refers to random access channel, “MIB” refers to Master Information Block” , and “SIB” refers to “System Information Block” .
[0125] To enhance both capacity and coverage, one effective solution is to utilize more frequency resources. In 4G LTE more frequency resources are introduced / utilized in the form of carrier aggregation (CA) in the same or neighbor frequency band (s) . In 5G NR, more frequency resources in different frequency range (FR) are also exploited including FR1 (sub-6G Hz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz to 71.0 GHz) . In future wireless system, this trend could continue. With more frequency resources are available to be exploited and utilized, how to manage them become a very critical and practical issue. The conventional CA may not go beyond different frequency band and large number of frequency bands in different FRs would also need a more unified way to manage. “FR1” refers to frequency range 1, and “FR2” refers to frequency range 2.
[0126] In conventional wireless system, as the cell layout is used, the CoMP transmission is based on cells and multi-cells could apply joint CoMP transmission to the UE. That exploits some joint transmission benefits but is not flexible enough from per UE perspective, for example, different UE could benefit from joint transmission from different sets of TP (s) , and thus per UE or UE-centric CoMP would be more promising. “CoMP” refers to coordinated mult-point operation.
[0127] In future wireless system, the system could be more hybrid and comprise different types of TP nodes or network node including both base station and TRP (either a remote antenna head or a simple transmit / receive point) . Also, the function of each TP could be different, some for coverage enhancement and some for capacity enhancement, the coverage of each TP could be overlapped as well. More component carriers (CC) could also be used to expand the frequency bandwidth. From the energy saving perspective, certain TP could be turned on / off and such behaviors could be quite dynamic to save both network and UE energy without sacrificing the performance. More latency sensitive application also requires more smooth and continuous service even when UE moves around in the system, which makes the conventional HO difficult to handle. “HO” refers to handover. In this disclosure, the terms TP and TRP are used in a manner such that they are substnatially exchangable.
[0128] In some implementations, the system may be considered hybrid when the system includes different types of network nodes (e.g., TP nodes) . In some implementations, the system may be considered more hybrid if there are a greater number of different types of network nodes (e.g., more network node types) in the system. In some implementations, some network nodes have more functions and capability than other network nodes.
[0129] Improving system performance is one important aspect for future wireless system, reducing the power consumption is another demanding request for the future of wireless. This is mainly due to the fact with more and more spectrum introduced and more complex transmission scheme and vertical application in place. More power consumption is observed in 5G / NR system and this trend could go even further in future wireless system. For example if integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and artificial intelligence (AI) is fully introduced and implemented in wireless system, it is expected power consumption would reach a new level. Therefore, reducing unnecessary power consumption and making both the UE and system more robust and adaptive in power consumption is a new challenge to face. In general, a balance needs to be made between the user experience improvement and manageable power consumption.
[0130] Inter-operator frequency resource sharing is an effective way to save the cost and improve the mutual performance. This could become more and more a trend in the future when a large number of frequency bands are available ranging from lower frequency to medium frequency to higher frequency to super higher frequency. That may also add more difficulty and challenges in managing the frequency resource across operators.
[0131] Given all the requirement and challenges, there is a strong need to introduce a more unified way to manage frequency resources in a super-wide frequency range. That could facilitate the utilization of these resources in more power-effective manners and thus reduce the power assumption of both network and UE, and make the support of them more feasible without need of too much overhead / efforts. It could also facilitate the efforts to reduce the impact of conventional cell layout and benefit the performance of mobility / capacity / coverage.
[0132] In 4G and 5G NR, CoMP (including DPS) and CA were studied and supported to some extent. The CoMP is supported among neighboring cells (TPs) . “DPS” refers to dynamic point switching or dynamic TRP switching.
[0133] In 4G and 5G NR, CoMP is supported among neighboring cells (TPs) and may not be transparent to the UE. It is therefore not flexible and could not cope with hybrid system with large number of TP (s) including base stations and transmit / receive point. It is more cell-centric based and increases the complexity of UE due to the cell concept and non-transparency of the CoMP. For CA, it is supported under the same MAC layer and therefore has more restriction on deployment such as co-location of TP (s) . DPS is supported by more semi-static switching and therefore not be able to cope with new stringent requirement such as NW energy saving. “NW” refers to network.
[0134] In this disclosure, with the introduction of some new Uni-C and UC-CF concept for hybrid system, the conventional cell layout is phased out, which facilitates the support CoMP (including DPS) and CA in a new manner. “Uni-C” refers to union-carrier and “UC-CF” refers to UE centric-cell free. To be more specific, the present disclosure provides solutions to resolve one or more of the following issues:
[0135] ● Separate CoMP / CA configuration and non-flexible support;
[0136] ● Non-transparency in support of CoMP / CA; and
[0137] ● Long latency of DPS.
[0138] This disclosure proposes CoMP (including DPS) and CA support based on uni-C in a more unified manner. Aspects of the present disclosure may provide one or more of:
[0139] ● Unified CoMP / CA transmission scheme;
[0140] ● Scheduling of unified CoMP / CA transmission; and
[0141] ● Configuration and procedure for unified CoMP / CA.
[0142] Unified CoMP / CA transmission for UC-CF system
[0143] In future wireless system, the system could be more hybrid and comprise different types of TP nodes including both base station and TRP. Also, the function of each TP could be different, some TP for coverage enhancement and some TP for throughput enhancement, the coverage of some TPs could be overlapped as well. More component carriers could also be used to expand the frequency bandwidth. From the energy saving perspective, certain TP could be turned on / off and such behaviors could be quite dynamic to save both network and UE energy without sacrificing the performance. More latency sensitive application also requires more smooth and continuous service even when UE moves around in the system, which makes the conventional HO difficult to handle.
[0144] To overcome the challenges and make a more robust and flexible future generation wireless system, a new design of wireless system could be considered, which can be denoted UE centric cell free (UC-CF) system. In such new system, the conventional cellular layout is phased out and there may not be cell (s) associated with each base station (TP) or carriers. FIG. 6 shows an illustration of such system. In the example as shown, UE can be connected to one or more of TP (s) in the area, for example, theUE can be connected to an anchor TP, and TP#1, TP#2 and TP#3 simultaneously. Among a number of TP (s) that UE connects to, the anchor TP is for a UE to camp on after initial access to the system, from which a paging signal can be transmitted on one of the carriers the anchor TP supports to the UE if the UE is in an inactive / idle state. Therefore, this particular carrier can be denoted as an anchor carrier or an anchor CC. The frequency band / range of the anchor carrier could be informed by the system information or configured by higher layer signal such RRC. RRC refers to radio resource control. The UE could also go through RACH procedure to adjust uplink TA via the anchor TP to establish the full connection with the network. “RACH” refers to radom access channel and “TA” refers to timing adjustment. “Camping” on an anchor TP (and on an associated anchor CC) may occur where the UE monitors paging information after UE enters sleeping or inactive / idle state. The “associated” in “associated anchor CC”referred to here and subsequently below may mean any of assigned, configured, or specified.
[0145] In some implementations, the system may be considered hybrid when the system includes different types of network nodes (e.g., TP nodes) . In some implementations, the system may be considered more hybrid if there are a greater number of different types of network nodes (e.g., more network node types) in the system. In some implementations, some network nodes have more functions and capability than other network nodes.
[0146] FIG. 6 shows UE 610 connected to anchor TP 620, TP#1 630, TP#2 640 and TP #3 650.
[0147] After getting access to the network and assigned / configured to camp on an anchor carrier, the UE could be assigned / configured further with other carriers for other transmission. To overcome the drawback by the cell limitation and provide full flexible network design, the cell may not be used throughout the whole network. Instead, component carrier (CC) group or uni-carrier (union-carrier) or union-CC (which is also refered as Uni-C or Uni-CC in this disclosure) , or virtual carrier, or virtual CC (which is also refered as Virtual-C in this discloure) and associated CC along with corresponding information could be configured for the UE. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 as example, CC group 0 625 (or uni-CC 0 or virtual CC 0) , CC group 1 635 (or uni-CC 1 or virtual CC 1) , and CC group 2 655 (or uni-CC 2 or virtual CC 2) could be assigned / configured for the UE, where CC group 0 625 (or uni-CC 0 or virtual CC 0) is from anchor TP 620, CC group 1 635 (or uni-CC 1 or virtual CC 1) is from TP#1 630 and TP#2 640, and CC group 2 655 (or uni-CC 2 or virtual CC 2) , is from TP#3 650 respectively. Therefore, CC group and associated component carrier along with corresponding information could be used to identify DL and UL transmission for a particular UE using one or more particular carriers. In general, the association between CC groups and TP (s) may be transparent to the UE, namely, the UE may not need to know which TP (s) a CC group is associated with. Please note that Uni-C, Uni-CC, union-CC, and uni-carrier in this disclosure could be exchangable. And virtual carrier, virtual CC and Virtual-C in this discloure could be exchangable.
[0148] In some implementations, a CC group may not be equivalent to an uni-carrier, but is a subset of an uni-carrier, namely a CC group may comprise part of CC (s) in an uni-carrier. For example, one or more uni-carrier (s) could be configured / defined from NW perspective based on the available frequency resources that can be used by the NW, while for each UE served by the NW, one or more subsets of such uni-carrier (s) , denoted as one or more CC groups, can be selected and configured for each UE.
[0149] With uni-carrier based UC-CF system in place, the conventional CoMP and CA transmission and corresponding signaling becomes simpler and can be unified together. The following are some examples of unified UE-centric CoMP and CA in the UC-CF system.
[0150] Coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission
[0151] As shown in FIG. 6 as example, both TP#1 630 and TP#2 640 in the same coverage could apply coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission to the UE 610 when both TP (s) use the same configured CC group and corresponding CC (s) (e.g., CC group 1 635) to transmit data coherently to the UE 610. This could be extended to among neighboring TP (s) as well, for example one or both of TP#1 630 and TP#2 640, and neighboring anchor TP 620 could apply coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission to the UE 610 when the anchor TP 620 and one or both of TP#1 630 and TP#2 640 use the same configured CC group and corresponding CC (s) . In this case, the CC group 1 635 could also be used for transmission from anchor TP 620 as a common CC group. As such CC group configuration may not explicitly link to a TP, the coherent joint transmission could be transparent to the UE 610 as the UE 610 does not need to know which TP the transmission is from. References above to “CC groups” may also include “uni-C” or “virtual-C” .
[0152] Non-coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission
[0153] As shown in FIG. 6 as example, both TP#1 630 and TP#2 640 in the same coverage could apply non-coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission to the UE 610 when both TP (s) use the same configured CC group and corresponding CC (s) (e.g., CC group 1 635) to transmit data non-coherently to the UE 610. This could be extended to among neighboring TP (s) as well, for example one or both of TP#1 630 and TP#2 640, and neighboring anchor TP 620 could apply non-coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission to the UE 610 when the anchor TP 620 and one or both of TP#1 630 and TP#2 640 use the same configured CC group and corresponding CC (s) . In this case, the CC group 1 635 could also be configured from anchor TP 620 as a common CC group. Even though such CC group configuration may not explicitly link to a TP, the non-coherent joint transmission may not be transparent to the UE 610 as the UE 610 needs to use different set of DMRS to receive non-coherent data from each TP (s) . “DMRS” refers to demodulation refrence signal. References above to “CC groups” may also include “uni-C” or “virtualC” .
[0154] Layered based joint UE-centric CoMP transmission
[0155] When there exist more spatial layers (or beams) , each TP could use one or more layers to participate in the joint UE-centric CoMP transmission. As shown in FIG. 7 as example, TP#1 and TP#2 are used to apply joint UE-centric CoMP transmission, in which two layers for TP#1, layer #0 and layer#1 is used for the joint UE-centric CoMP transmission and a single layer from TP#2, layer#2 is used for the joint UE-centric CoMP transmission. The layer based joint UE-centric CoMP transmission can be implemented on per CC basis.
[0156] FIG. 7 shows UE 710 connected to anchor TP 720, TP#1 730, TP#2 740 and TP #3 750. Two layers are shown between the UE 710 and TP#1 730, e.g., layer #0 732 and layer#1 733 may be used for joint UE-centric CoMP transmission and a single layer is shown between the UE 710 and TP#2 740, e.g., layer#2 742 may be used for joint UE-centric CoMP transmission.
[0157] Joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission
[0158] Multiple TP (s) can support UE-centric CoMP and CA simultaneously to the UE. As shown in FIG. 6 as example, both TP#1 630 and TP#2 640 in the same coverage could apply joint UE-centric CoMP transmission to the UE when both TP (s) use the same configured CC group and corresponding CC (s) to transmit data to the UE. At the same time, both of TP#1 630 and TP#2 640, and TP#3 650 could apply CA operation to the UE on different CC groups and corresponding CC (s) on different frequency band. For example, joint UE-centric CoMP data transmission on CC group 1 635 from TP#1 630 and TP#2 640 could be in FR1, and the data transmission on CC group 2 655 from TP#3 650 could be in FR2, they could be aggregated in CA manner. References above to “CC groups” may also include “uni-C” or “virtual-C” .
[0159] In general, the unified UE-centric CoMP and CA can support data transmission in the same or different frequency range (band) , and in different joint manner (coherent / non-coherent) , and to / from different TP (s) . The UE would only need to know the CC groups and corresponding CC (s) to carry such data transmission, and some corresponding information such as DMRS ports, QCL information (or TCI information) , etc. The UE does not need to know which TP (s) the transmissions are from, and whether they are separate or joint transmissions. That would simplify the support of the UE-centric CoMP and CA operations and facilitate the benefits of them. “QCL” refers to quasi co-location. “TCI” refers to transmission configuration indicator.
[0160] Dynamic point (TP (s) / CC) switching (DPS)
[0161] For some scenarios, there may be a need to conduct dynamic switching between TP (s) and / or CC (s) (in the same or different CC groups) . For example, for power saving at UE or network side, some TP (s) and / or CC (s) could be turned on / off dynamically and thus dynamic switching between them may be used.
[0162] In general, the unified UC-CF based UE-centrcic CoMP / CA system is a multi-dimensional UE-centric CoMP / CA system covering one or more dimensions including TPs (base station and TRP) , carriers (CC) and transmission layers. It would make the deployment more flexible and unified as one system which may limit the overhead, reduce the power assumption and at the same time improve both the system and UE performance and experience.
[0163] Scheduling UC-CF based unified CoMP / CA transmssion
[0164] There are ways to schedule unified CoMP / CA transmission in a UC-CF system, the following are just some examples.
[0165] For joint UE-centric CoMP transmission
[0166] If it is coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission, the joint transmissions from different TP (s) could be scheduled together. The same common CC group and associated CC (s) could be assigned to carry such transmissions. The signals from different TP (s) could be scrambled by the same CC group ID (or index) and / or CC ID (or index) and the same DMRS ports would be used, so that the signals from different TP (s) could be summed-up coherently in the air. Here different TP (s) could be a base station or a TRP, and they could be from the same conventional cell (within the same coverage) or from neighboring conventional cell (s) with some partial overlapping coverage. The scheduling information could be transmitted to the UE from one TP (e.g., anchor TP) , it could also be transmitted simultaneously to the UE from different TP (s) .
[0167] If it is non-coherent joint UE-centric CoMP transmission, the joint transmissions from different TP (s) could be scheduled together or separately. The same CC group (s) and associated CC (s) could be assigned to carry such transmission from different TP respectively. The signals from different TP (s) could be scrambled by different higher layer configured ID respectively and different DMRS ports would be used respectively. “DMRS” refers to demodulation reference signals. That leads to signals from different TP(s) sum-up non-coherently in the air. Here different TP (s) could be a base station or a TRP, and they could be from the same conventional cell (within the same coverage) or from neighboring conventional cell (s) with some partial overlapping coverage. The scheduling information could be transmitted to the UE from one TP (e.g., anchor TP) , it could also be transmitted separately to the UE from the same or different TP (s) to schedule each transmission separately.
[0168] For layered based joint UE-centric CoMP transmission
[0169] For layered joint UE-centric CoMP transmission, different transmission layers from different TP (s) could be assigned for the joint transmission. This can be either configured or dynamically scheduled. The layer index can be used to refer to a particular transmission layer. Associated RS ports could be configured for each layer.
[0170] For joint CA transmission
[0171] For joint CA transmission, the UE could be scheduled for CA transmissions from the same or different TP (s) on different frequency bands. The extended CA carriers could be from the same or different frequency band, and / or the same or different BWP, and / or the same or different FRs. The different CC groups and associated CC (s) could be assigned to indicate such carriers. Joint scheduling information could be transmitted from one TP (such as anchor TP) to schedule transmissions on all CC (s) . Alternatively, separate scheduling information could be transmitted to the UE separately from one or more TP (s) .
[0172] For joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission
[0173] For joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission, the UE could be scheduled for transmissions from the different TP (s) and on different frequency bands. The carriers could be from TP (s) with full or partially overlapping coverage and with same / different frequency band (and / or BWP and / or FRs) . “BWP” refers to bandwidth part. The different CC groups and associated CC (s) could be assigned to indicate such carriers. Joint scheduling information could be transmitted from one TP (such as anchor TP) to schedule transmissions on all CC (s) . Alternatively, separate scheduling information could be transmitted to eh UE separately from one or more TP (s) .
[0174] For dynamic TP (s) / CC (point) switching (DPS)
[0175] For dynamic TP (s) / CC switching, the UE could be scheduled for transmission between the UE and one or more TP (s) / CC (s) (source set) in one DCI and in next DCI, it could be switched to have communication with another set of TP (s) / CC (s) (target set) . “DCI” refers to downlink control information. To support this, a target set of TP (s) / CC (s) and associated information could be indicated in scheduling. To simplify the indication, a set of DPS candidates can be configured which includes a set of TP (s) ID and other information for associated CC group / CC (s) of each DPS candidate in the target set and a bit field could be used to select one of the DPS candidate in DCI for DPS operation. In addition, the QCL relation between the source set and the target set can also be configured as association information and selected together with the DPS candidate. The switching timing could also be indicated in DCI. This could be a relative time offset between the transmission of DCI and the switching time in some time units such as slots and / or symbols. It should be mentioned that DPS operation may not need to be associated with a uni-C based UE-centric CoMP scheme. It could be supported by more general cellular deployment with multiple TRP (s) .
[0176] In general, with unified UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission, all the transmissions can be combined and scheduled. There is no limit bounded by the conventional cell (s) and this makes the joint UE-centric CoMP and / or CA transmission more flexible with less signaling overhead. In general, the scheduling information could contain at least one or more of the following parameters: TP ID; CC group (s) ID (or index) or Uni-CC ID or virtual CC ID (or index) ; and corresponding information on data resource allocation (RA) , DMRS ports, QCL, HARQ, HARQ-feedback RA, etc. “HARQ” refers to hybrid automatic repeat request and “RA” refers to resource allocation.
[0177] To support scheduling unified CoMP / CA transmission in a UC-CF system, the scheduling information can be specified as shown in the following, for example. The DCI could be used as an example to carry one or more of the following scheduling information but it is not limited by that. Other dynamic signal can also be used separately or jointly with DCI such as MAC CE to carry one or more of the following information. “MAC CE” refers to media access control control element.
[0178] TP identity or index and / or beam ID or index (optional)
[0179] The ID or index could be a global ID with more bit length such as 16, 24 or 32 bits or it could be a local ID with a relatively smaller bit length such as 2, 4 or 8 bits. If it is a local ID, it could start from 0 in ascending order, such as 0, 1, …. K-1, where K is the maximum number of local ID that can be indicated (or max number of local TP (s) and / or beams) .
[0180] Component carrier (CC) group ID (or index) or Uni-CC ID or virtual CC ID (or index)
[0181] The ID or index could be a global ID with more bit length such as 16, 24 or 32 bits or it could be a local ID with a relatively smaller bit length such as 2, 4 or 8 bits. If it is a local ID, it could start from 0 in ascending order, such as 0, 1, …. M-1, where M is the maximum number of local ID that can be indicated (or max number of CC groups) .
[0182] Component carrier ID (CC ID or CC index)
[0183] The CC ID or index could be a binary bit string with certain length, for example, 8-bit, 16-bit or 24-bit length bit string. The CC ID or index could start from 0 in ascending order, such as 0, 1, 2, …N-1, where N is the number of CC (s) in the corresponding CC group.
[0184] Resource Allocation (RA) in different domains
[0185] The RA in frequency domain. The frequency domain resource allocation which may include the start of one or more of resource (s) in frequency (could be an offset from a reference frequency point ) , the span of one or more resource (s) in frequency (e.g., number of consecutive PRBs) , or the end of one or more of resource (s) in frequency, or distribution of one or more resource in frequency.
[0186] The RA in time domain. The time domain resource allocation which may include the start of one or more of resource (s) in time (could be an offset from a reference timing point) , the duration of one or more of resource (s) , or the end of one or more of resource (s) in time.
[0187] The RA in spatial domain. Transmission layer (s) index or beam index. The layer or beam ID or index could be a binary bit string with certain length, for example, 1-bit, 2-bit or 4-bit length bit string. The layer or beam ID or index could start from 0 in ascending order, such as 0, 1, 2, …L-1, where L is the number of layers or beams.
[0188] The RA allocation could be repeated for each CC (s) scheduled or could be jointly indicated for one or more CC (s) scheduled. For example, the RA in frequency and time could be the same for all spatial layers indicated.
[0189] Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) ports
[0190] DMRS ports used for demodulation. The DMRS could be configured to associate with a TP and associated CC group, and associated CC (s) , and assigned layer or beam. Therefore, some ID may not be indicated explicitly if associated DMRS port (s) is indicated. For example, a TP ID or index (and CC group ID, CC ID, layer or beam ID) and / or beam ID or index may not be indicated explicitly in DCI if associated DMRS port (s) is indicated. The network may not need to configure such association to the UE as it could be up to network implementation. From UE perspective, it may not need to know which TP / CC group / CC / beam it communicates with but simply knows the corresponding DMRS ports that the UE can use for demodulation.
[0191] Quasi Co-location (QCL)
[0192] The QCL information for channel estimation enhancement. The QCL information may include QCL relation between CSI-RS / DMRS / SRS / SSB and / or other reference signal respectively. “CSI-RS” refers to channel state information-reference signal and “SRS” refers to sounding reference signal. They could facilitate channel measurement and channel estimation for transmission. It could include QCL relation between DMRS for control channel and DMRS for corresponding data channel it schedules. The QCL relation could include one or more aspects on phases, AoA, AoD, etc. In the absence of explicit indication of TP / CC etc. QCL information is necessary to indicate the QCL relation among different reference signals. “AoA” refers to angle of arrival and “AoD” refers to angle of departure.
[0193] Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ)
[0194] The HARQ ID and corresponding RV. “RV” refers to redundancy version.
[0195] HARQ-feedback RA (for DL transmission)
[0196] The RA for HARQ feedback of corresponding transmission. The RA may include one or more of the following: The group CC and associated CC (s) carrying the feedback, RA on designated CC (s) for carrying HARQ feedback.
[0197] Target set indication and switching timing indication (for DPS)
[0198] For target set information, a bit field can be used to select one of DPS candidates from a configured DPS candidate set. For example, a 2-bit bit field can be used to select one DPS candidate from a set of four DPS candidates. For each DPS candidate, the target set information include one or more of the following parameters:
[0199] Target TP (s) ID / index -The target TP can be explicitly indicated by target TP (s) ID / index. It could also be indicated implicitly. For example, it could be indicated implicitly by associated CSI-RS / DMRS / SRS ports, which could be configured using higher layer signal such as RRC.
[0200] Associated CC group (s) ID / index
[0201] Associated CC (s) ID / index
[0202] QCL information between target set and source set. For example, the QCL information can be a relative angle offset between a source TP and a target TP. As shown in FIG. 8, as example, TP#1 and TP#2 could be two TRP (s) in the same area and TP#1 is serving the UE. At one instance, TP#1 is turning off and the UE is switched to the TP#2. The QCL information can be indicated as angle offset (s) between AoA / AoD of reference signals (including one or more of SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, SRS, etc. ) to / from the TP#1 and those of reference signals to / from the TP#2 as shown in FIG. 8 as example. The AoA / AoD angle offset could be quantized values and listed in a table, and a bit field could be used to indicate one of the quantized angle offsets from the table. For example, a 2-bit bit field can be used to indicate one quantized angle offset value from a table containing 4 quantized angle offset values. Such QCL information can facilitate the DPS operation as the UE knows the relative AoA / AoD angle offset between the beams of source TP and the target TP and thus could help with the beam searching for target TP, to be more specific, it will avoid blind beam search and also reduce the switching latency.
[0203] FIG. 8 shows UE 810 connected to primary TP 820, TP#1 830, TP#2 840 and TP #3 850.
[0204] For switching timing, a bit field could be used to select an index of relative offset between the transmission of DCI in some time units such as slots and / or symbols. For example, a 2-bit bit field could be used to indicate 4 relative time offsets.
[0205] It should be mentioned that DPS operation may not need to be associated with a uni-C based UE-centric CoMP scheme. It could be supported by more general cellular deployment with multiple TRP (s) . Therefore, some of the indications may not be needed such as CC group / CC ID / index.
[0206] Other information carried by DCI could include one or more of the following:
[0207] ● Power control
[0208] ● Aperiodic channel measurement report triggering
[0209] ● SRS ports (for UL transmission)
[0210] The above scheduling information could be indicated for each CC group and associated CC (and even transmission layers) scheduled basis. Namely, for each CC group and associated CC scheduled or even transmission layers / beams scheduled, separate scheduling information could be indicated for each CC. Alternatively, some joint indications can be used to save overhead, especially if a single DCI is used to carry all the scheduling information for all TP (s) and / or all CC (s) . it should be mentioned not all the indications list before need to be signaled
[0211] If separate DCI (s) are used to schedule the transmissions, separate scheduling information can be carried to schedule separate transmissions from different TP (s) and / or different CC (s) respectively.
[0212] Similarly to conventional wireless system, e.g., 5G / NR system, the DCI is carried by PDCCH (s) and transmitted in a control resource set (CORESET) region. As shown in FIG. 9 as example, if a single DCI is used to carry scheduling information for joint CoMP / CA transmission, it could be transmitted in the CORESET configured for the anchor TP, for example, the CORESET#1 in FIG. 9. If multiple DCI are used to carry scheduling information for joint CoMP / CA transmission, they can be transmitted from different CORESETs configured for different TP (s) respectively, for example as shown in FIG. 9, the CORESET#1, CORESET#2, CORESET#3 respectively. In these cases, the anchor TP may or may not have data transmission to / from the UE, but it helps with the scheduling because it may have a good link with the UE having a better channel quality.
[0213] FIG. 9 shows UE 910 connected to anchor TP 920, TP#1 930, TP#2 940 and TP #3 950. CORESET#1 925 is associated with anchor TP 920, CORESET#2 935 is associated with TP#1 930 and TP#2 940, and CORESET#3 955 is associated with TP#3.
[0214] In the situation that single DCI may have too large of a payload to schedule joint CoMP / CA transmission for all the TP (s) involved on all the CC (s) used, two stage DCI could be used. As shown in FIG. 10 as example, the anchor TP transmit two stage DCI to schedule a joint CoMP / CA transmission to the UE. The 1st stage DCI is transmitted in a conventional CORESET configured for anchor TP (on an anchor carrier) , and it could indicate information for 2nd-stage DCI. The 2nd-stage DCI may carry more scheduling.
[0215] FIG. 10 shows UE 1010 connected to anchor TP 1020, TP#1 1030, TP#2 1040 and TP #3 1050. CORESET 1025 is associated with anchor TP 1020 and is shown a 1st-stage DCI transmitted in CORESET 1025 pointing to a 2nd-stage DCI 1026.
[0216] In addition to scheduling information described above, there is some other information that may not be explicitly indicated but is implicitly used for joint UE-centric CoMP / CA transmission in a UC-CF system.
[0217] Scrambling operation
[0218] The scrambling operation could include both the bit-level scrambling for randomizing the interference and CRC scrambling for one or both of the control channel (carrying scheduling information) and the data channel (carrying the data transmission) including PDCCH and PDSCH / PUSCH. “CRC” refers to cyclic redundacy check.
[0219] In conventional system such as 5G / NR, the cell ID and other information such as UE ID and configured ID could be used to generate the scrambling sequences. In uni-CC based UC-CF system, no cell ID would be assigned / used. Therefore, the CC group ID (or index) and associated CC ID (or index) could be used instead to generate such scrambling sequences or apply scrambling operation.
[0220] Reference signal generation
[0221] Reference signals include various types of reference signal including CSI-RS, DMRS, SRS, etc. The sequences generation for these reference signals in conventional system such as 5G / NR involve one or more of the cell ID, UE ID, and configured ID. In uni-CC based UC-CF system, as no cell ID is assigned / used, the CC group ID (or index) and associated CC ID (or index) could be used instead to generate such sequences for reference signals.
[0222] PUCCH sequence generation
[0223] In 5G / NR system, some pseudo-random or computer-generated sequences are used as UCI indication for PUCCH. “UCI” refers to uplink control information. The pseudo-random or computer-generated sequence generation in conventional system such as 5G / NR involve one or more of the cell ID, UE ID, and configured ID. In uni-CC based UC-CF system, as no cell ID is assigned / used, the CC group ID (or index) and associated CC ID (or index) could be used instead to generate such pseudo-random or computer-generated sequence.
[0224] Configuration and procedure for UC-CF based CoMP / CA
[0225] The general procedure for a UE to start joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission after it gets access to a UC-CF system and camp on an anchor TP (and / or anchor CC) could be as follows.
[0226] The UE could get access to an initial access TP and its associated initial access CC by conducting synchronization with the reference signal transmitted on such carrier such as SSB or similar signals. The UE could then read system information such as MIB / SIB. The UE could also conduct time adjustment (TA) _operation on uplink and set up both DL and UL connection with the network.
[0227] The UE could then choose or be configured / assigned with an anchor TP / CC to camp on. The UE may move to get access to the anchor TP / CC and camp on that carrier.
[0228] The UE could report its capability in supporting joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission. The capability may include one or more of aspects:
[0229] ● UE-centric CoMP transmission modes (joint coherent / joint non-coherent / layered UE-centric CoMP transmission) , number of layers for joint CoMP
[0230] ● CA transmission: number of carriers for CA
[0231] ● Joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission: Joint UE-centric CoMP mode and CA, total number of carriers for UE-centric CoMP and CA
[0232] The network could then start to configure the UE with UE centric CoMP / CA measurement set for channel measurement based on the UE capability and the network it supports. The configuration for the UE centric CoMP / CA measurements set may include:
[0233] The candidates for potential UE centric CoMP / CA measurement set, which could include one or more of TP identity, CC group index, CC index, layer index, etc. These candidates can be denoted as UE centric CoMP / CA measurement set. Some of the ID could be implicitly indicated in the configuration, for example by associated RS ports and related QCL information (e.g., QCL relation between CSI-RS / SRS / DMRS) . The set of UE centric CoMP / CA measurement set can be configured to the UE and dynamically indicated to the UE to start the measurement. The dynamic indication (to activate the measurement) can be carried in DCI as an example.
[0234] The measurement configuration, which could include configuration for SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, SRS and other types of RS for measurement, and measurement periodicity, aperiodic measurement triggering, measurement window, etc.
[0235] The measurement method, which could include, how the measurment is conducted, for example, how to filter or average each individual measurements to genarate measurement results for reporting, etc.
[0236] The UE could start the channel measurement and reports the measured results to the network. The reports could be triggered by dynamic signalings from the network or it is done on a periodic basis. The reports could be sent on anchor CC or an indicated CC (s) .
[0237] The network could then configure a set of TP (s) and associated CC groups and CC (s) / layers for joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission. This can be referred as UE-centric joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission set, or simply UE-centric CoMP / CA set. The UE-centric CoMP / CA set configuration may include one or more of the following:
[0238] ● TP identity or its associated information such as RS ports, QCL information;
[0239] ● Associated CC group index;
[0240] ● Associated CC index;
[0241] ● Associated layer index;
[0242] ● Reference signal configuration for measurement including one or more of CSI-RS or SRS; and
[0243] ● QCL information between different types of reference such as CSI-RS / SRS / DMRS to / from the same or different TP (s) to facilitate the channel estimation for demodulation.
[0244] Some of the above information may not be configured for UE-centric CoMP / CA set but rather indicated dynamically during each scheduling. The UE-centric CoMP / CA set can be configured to the UE by higher layer signal and dynamically indicated to the UE to activate the transmission. The dynamic indication (to activate the transmission) can be carried in DCI as an example. The actual joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission may not involve all the components in the configured UE-centric CoMP and CA set in each data transmission scheduling, depending on the channel measurement and service requirement.
[0245] The network could then schedule joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission to the UE or vice versa. The actual joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission may not involve all the UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission set in each scheduling, depending on the channel measurement and service requirement.
[0246] The network could update joint UE-centric CoMP / CA measurement set configuration and joint UE-centric CoMP / CA transmission set configuration. This is because a TP and / or associated CC group / CC (s) could be turned on / off semi-statically or dynamically to achieve more flexible deployment or saving energy at network. Or even without (w / o) turning on / off certain TP or associated CC group / CC, the network may like to configure / switch the UE among these components for various needs including capacity / load balancing, etc. Such update could be conducted in a more semi-static manner or a more dynamic manner. For semi-static manner, the updates on configurations can be signaled using higher layer signal such as RRC. Alternatively, for dynamic manner, the update of sets can be signaled using more dynamic signal such as DCI or MAC-CE. Both semi-static and dynamic signals can be used together to achieve the update. For example, for a more large and longer term update, a semi-static signal can be used which could update more settings, while for a more small and shorter term update, a dynamic signal such as DCI or MAC CE can be used which could update a few settings (e.g., add or remove one or two CC (s) or TP (s) ) . FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show two examples, in which TP#1, TP#2 and TP#3 form a UE-centric CoMP / CA set to apply CoMP / CA transmission between the network and the UE. FIG. 11 shows that TP#2 is turned off at a certain point and thus not be able to continue its part of CoMP / CA operation, thus all the related configuration w. r. t. to TP#2 including associated CC group and CC shall be removed from the configuration of UE-centric CoMP / CA set to the UE. FIG. 12 shows another example, in which, some associated CC (s) in CC group 2 from TP#3 is deactivated, therefore, they shall be removed from the UE-centric CoMP / CA to the UE. Adding new components for UE-centric CoMP / CA set could be similar.
[0247] FIG. 11 shows UE 1110 connected to anchor TP 1120, TP#1 1130, TP#2 1140 and TP #3 1150. CC group 0 1125 is associated with anchor TP 1120, CC group 1 1135 is associated with TP#1 1130 and TP #2 1140 and CC group 2 1155 is associated with TP#3 1150. After TP#2 1140 is turned off, all the related configuration with respect to TP#2 1140 including associated CC group and CC may be removed from the configuration of UE-centric CoMP / CA set to the UE 1110.
[0248] FIG. 12 shows UE 1210 connected to anchor TP 1220, TP#1 1230, TP#2 1240 and TP #3 1250. CC group 0 1225 is associated with anchor TP 1220, CC group 1 1235 is associated with TP#1 1230 and TP #2 1240 and CC group 2 1255 is associated with TP#3 1250. Some associated CC (s) in CC group 2 1255 from TP#3 1250 are deactivated and therefore, these assciated CC (s) may be removed from the UE-centric CoMP / CA configuration to the UE 1210.
[0249] The network could terminate / deactivate joint UE-centric CoMP and CA measurement configuration and joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission configuration.
[0250] FIG. 13 shows a data flow (procedure) as example for joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission. Some steps could be optional or combined with other steps. The order of steps could also be adjusted. For example, channel measurement could be conducted by NW as well.
[0251] FIG. 13 shows a data flow 1300 as example for joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission. Signaling occurs between the network 1301 and a UE 1302. While the network 1301 is shown transmitting and receiving signaling to and from the UE 1302, it is to be understood that the network 1301 may be transmitting and receiving using network side device, such as a TRP or a TP, which may be for example a base station or an access point.
[0252] At 1305, the UE 1302 access to the network. For example, the UE 1302 could search for the DL synchronization signal first from the network 1301 at certain pre-specified frequency positions for synchronization. After the UE 1302 is synchronized with the network 1301 (via a primary TP for example) on DL, the UE 1302 could read system information from master information block (MIB) and system information block (SIB) for major information about the network. The UE 1302 could further synchronize with the network 1301 on UL, using for example random access channel (RACH) process. After the UE 1302 is synchronized with the network on both DL and UL, a full connection with the network could be established. At this stage, the UE 1302 and network 1301 could transmit / receive higher layer signaling including RRC signaling. Here the UE 1302 may or may not establish a full connection with the network 1301, for example, the UE 1302 may only synchronize with the network on DL and read the system information.
[0253] At 1310, the network 1301 may send system information or higher layer signaling that enables the UE 1302 to obtain anchor transmit point (TP) and / or anchor component carrier information. This may for example include information about anchor TP 620, 720, 920, 1020, 1120 or 1220 or anchor CC information as included in CC group 0 625, CC group 0 725, CC group 0 825, CC group 0 1125 or CC group 0 1225.
[0254] At 1315, the UE 1302 may and connect with or camp on an anchor TP and / or an anchor component carrier, based at least in part on the system information or higher layer signaling received by the UE in step 1310.
[0255] At 1320, the UE 1302 may report capability information to support joint UE-centric CoMP and / or CA. By providing such information to the network 1301, the network 1301 will be able to provide configuration information and / or activation information and / or update information pertaining to UE-centric CoMP and CA that will enable the UE 1302 to utilize joint UE-centric CoMP and CA in a manner consistent with the UE’s capability. In some implementations, the UE 1302 may enter “connected state” to report the capability information to the network 1301.
[0256] At 1325, the network 1301 provides configuration information and / or activation information and / or update information pertaining to centric CoMP and CA measurement to the UE 1302. In some implementations, a first time the configuration information is sent, activation information is sent to active a particular aspect of joint UE-centric CoMP and CA and subsequent configuration information sent to the UE 1302 may be considered as update information.
[0257] The configuration information received by the UE 1302 may include joint UE-centric CoMP / CA measurement set for channel measurement based on the UE capability and the network it supports. The configuration for the CoMP / CA measurements set may include the candidates for potential joint UE-centric CoMP / CA measurement set, which could include one or more of TP identity, CC group index, CC index, layer index, etc. These candidates may be denoted as the CoMP / CA measurement set, or a dynamic UE specific cooperation set. Some of the IDs or indexes may be implicitly indicated in the configuration, for example, by associated RS ports and related QCL or TCI information (e.g., QCL relation between CSI-RS / SRS / DMRS to / from the same or different TP (s) ) . In some implementations, the overall set of the UE centric CoMP / CA measurement set may be configured to the UE and then a dynamic message may be send by the network 1301 indicating to the UE to start the measurement. The dynamic indication (to activate the measurement) may be carried in DCI as an example.
[0258] The configuration information may include an identification of, and particular configuration information related to, SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, SRS and other types of RS, such as, but not limited to measurement periodicity, aperiodic measurement triggering, and measurement window.
[0259] The configuration information may include an identification of a measurement method, which could include, how the measurement can be conducted, etc.
[0260] At 1335, after the UE 1302 has performed channel measurement, the UE 1302 reports the measurement results to the network 1301. The reports may be triggered by dynamic signaling from the network 1301 or performed on a periodic basis. The reports may be sent on an anchor CC or an indicated CC (s) .
[0261] At 1340, the network 1301 provides configuration information and / or activation information and / or update information pertaining to joint UE-centric CoMP and CA to the UE 1302.
[0262] At 1345, data communication can occur between UE 1302 and network 1301 based on joint UE-centric CoMP and CA configuration information and / or activation information and / or update information. The network 1301 may schedule joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission to the UE 1302, or vice versa. The joint UE-centric CoMP and CA transmission may not involve all the CoMP and CA transmission set in each scheduling.
[0263] At 1350, the network 1301 is shown signaling to the UE 1302 the joint UE-centric CoMP and CA may be terminated or deactivated. Terminating the joint UE-centric CoMP and CA may involve ending joint UE-centric CoMP and CA communication being configured / activated for the UE. Deactivating one or more features of the joint UE-centric CoMP and CA may involve turning off a particular TP being used for joint UE-centric CoMP and CA such as in the example described with regard to FIG. 11 or turning off a particular CC (s) being used for joint UE-centric CoMP and CA such as in the example described with regard to FIG. 12.
[0264] FIG. 14 is another example of a data flow 1400 for joint CoMP and CA transmission. Signaling occurs between the network 1401 and a UE 1402. While the network 1401 is shown transmitting and receiving signaling to and from the UE 1402, it is to be understood that the network 1401 may be transmitting and receiving using one or more network side device, such as a TRP or a TP, which may be for example a base station or an access point.
[0265] In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 14, after the UE 1402 accesses the network 1401, the UE may connect and / or camp 1405 on a first CC.
[0266] At 1410, the UE 1402 is shown reporting capability information of coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communications. This type of information provides the network with the capability of the UE with regard to performing CoMP communications. The capability information may include an indication that the UE supports one or more of: at least one coherent joint CoMP communication; at least one non-coherent joint CoMP communication; a number of layers for layered CoMP communication; a number of carriers for CA communication; and a total number of carriers for joint CoMP and CA communication.
[0267] Step 1420 involves the network 1401 transmitting information on one or more component carrier (CC) groups or uni-CC or virtual CC, wherein each CC group includes one or more CC, to the UE 1402. For each CC group of the one or more CC groups, the information on the one or more CC group is at least one of: a CC group identify (ID) for the CC group or uni-CC ID or virtual CC ID; frequency resource information for the CC group; and a transmit receive point (TRP) ID for each of one or more TRPs associated with the CC group. For each CC associated with the CC group, the information may include at least one of: a CC ID;and frequency resource information. The information on the one or more CC groups may further include a first CC ID indicating a first CC in a first CC group belongs to the one or more CC groups for the UE to further connect to when UE is connected state or camp on when the UE is in an idle state or an inactive state.
[0268] At step 1430, the network 1401 transmits configuration information of CoMP communication using at least one CC group, wherein the at least one CC group belongs to the one or more CC groups. In some embodiments, transmitting the configuration information of CoMP communication may include transmitting one or both of: CoMP and carrier aggregation (CA) set configuration information; and a dynamic indication to start the CoMP communication. In some implementations, the dynamic indication may be used for scheduling a joint CoMP and CA transmission of the communications and is carried in downlink control information (DCI) or a combination of DCI and media access control-control element (MAC CE) . The DCI or the combination of DCI and MAC CE indication may include one or more of: a transmit receive point (TRP) identifier (ID) ; a beam ID; a CC group ID;a CC ID; a layer index; resource allocation information for at least one of frequency domain, time domain and spatial domain; demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port information; quasi co-location (QCL) or TCI information; Hybrid automatic request (HARQ) information; HARQ-feedback resource allocation (RA) information; target set indication information; switching timing indication; power control information; aperiodic channel measurement report triggering information; and sounding reference signal (SRS) port information.
[0269] In some embodiments, configuration information of the CoMP communication indicating at least one parameter for the CoMP communication includes at least one CC group ID, for each CC group associated with one of the one or more CC groups. For each of the at least one CC group the configuration information may include: at least one TRP ID, each TRP ID associated with one of the one or more TRPs of the CC group; and at least one CC ID, each CC ID associated with one of the one or more CCs included in the CC group. For each of the at least one CC the configuration information may include: at least one layer index, each layer index associated with one of the one or more layers included in the CC; at least one beam ID, each beam ID associated with one of the one or more beams included in the CC; and reference signal configuration including one or more of channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) or sounding reference signal (SRS) ; and QCL or TCI information between different reference signals. In some implementations, at least one TRP ID may be indicated by associated information and may include one or more of: reference signal (RS) port information; or the QCL or TCI information.
[0270] At 1440, the network 1402 transmits CoMP channel measurement configuration information. Measurement configuration information may include configuration information pertaining to how measurement are to be made at the UE and may include measurement configuration information for at least one of: synchronization signal blocks (SSB) ; channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) ; demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ; sounding reference signal (SRS) . The measurement configuration information may also include information pertaining to how the measurement information or which measurement information is reported back to the network 1401 by the UE 1402.
[0271] At 1450, as an optional step, the network 1401 transmits a dynamic indication to start a measurement according to the CoMP channel measurement information. The dynamic indication may be transmitted in DCI or MAC CE.
[0272] At 1455, the UE 1402 performs channel measurement.
[0273] At 1460, the UE 1402 reports channel measurement information based on the CoMP channel measurement configuration information. The CoMP channel measurement information may include one or more of: candidates for a CoMP measurement set or dynamic UE-specific cooperation set; candidates for a CA measurement set; a measurement configuration; and a measurement method. The measurement method comprises how measurement was conducted by the UE 1402. The candidates for the CoMP measurement set or dynamic UE-specific cooperation set and / or the CA measurement set may further include information such as one or more of: a TRP ID; a CC group ID; a CC ID; a layer index; and a beam ID.
[0274] At 1470, the network 1401 and the UE 1402 perform communications based on the configuration information of CoMP communication. Examples of the CoMP communication may include one or more of: a coherent joint CoMP communication; a non-coherent joint CoMP communication; a layered CoMP communication; a carrier aggregation (CA) communication; a joint CoMP and CA communication; and dynamic point switching (DPS) .
[0275] At 1480, the network 1401 may transmit an indication of terminating or deactivating at least one of: a joint CoMP and CA measurement configuration; and a joint CoMP and CA transmission configuration.
[0276] In the present disclosure, the terms “a” or “an” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0277] In the present disclosure, terms such as “substantially” , “generally” and “about” , which modify a value, condition or characteristic of a feature of an example embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of the example embodiment for its intended application.
[0278] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms “connected” and “coupled” , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
[0279] In the present disclosure, expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0280] In the present disclosure, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0281] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "aplurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in implementations of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0282] A person skilled in the art should understand that implementationsof this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0283] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device and enable a machine to execute the instructions. When executed by any computer or the processor of a programmable data processing device, the instructions cause the apparatus to implement specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0284] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or on another programmable device provide steps for implementing specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0285] It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
Claims
1.A method performed at a user equipment (UE) comprising:receiving information on one or more component carrier (CC) groups, wherein each CC group includes one or more CCs;receiving configuration information of coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communication using at least one CC group, wherein the at least one CC group belongs to the one or more CC groups; andperforming communications based on the configuration information of CoMP communication.2.The method of claim 1, wherein for each CC group of the one or more CC groups, the information on the one or more CC groups is at least one of:a CC group identity (ID) for the CC group;frequency resource information for the CC group;a transmit receive point (TRP) ID for each of one or more TRPs associated with the CC group;and for each CC associated with the CC group, at least one of:a CC ID; andfrequency resource information.3.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the information on the one or more CC groups further comprises a first CC ID indicating a first CC in a first CC group belonging to the one or more CC groups for the UE to camp on when the UE is in an idle state or an inactive state, and for the UE to connect as a primary CC when the UE is in connected state.4.The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the CoMP communication comprises one or more of:a coherent joint CoMP communication;a non-coherent joint CoMP communication;a layered CoMP communication;a carrier aggregation (CA) communication;a joint CoMP and CA communication; anddynamic point switching (DPS) .5.The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the configuration information of the CoMP communication indicating at least one parameter for the CoMP communication comprises at least one of:at least one CC group ID, each associated with one of the one or more CC groups;for each of the at least one CC group, at least one of:at least one TRP ID, each associated with one of the one or more TRPs of the CC group;at least one CC ID, each associated with one of the one or more CCs included in the CC group; andfor each of the at least one CC, at least one of:at least one layer index, each associated with one of the one or more layers included in the CC;at least one beam ID, each associated with one of the one or more beams included in the CC; andreference signal configuration including one or more of channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) or sounding reference signal (SRS) ;QCL or TCI information between different reference signals.6.The method of claim 5, wherein at least one TRP ID is indicated by associated information, wherein in the associated information includes one or more of:reference signal (RS) port information; orthe QCL or the TCI information.7.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:receiving CoMP channel measurement configuration information; andreporting channel measurement information based on the CoMP channel measurement configuration information.8.The method of claim 7, wherein the CoMP channel measurement information comprises one or more of:candidates for a CoMP measurement set;candidates for a CA measurement set;a measurement configuration; anda measurement method.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the candidates for the CoMP measurement set and / or the CA measurement set comprise one or more of:a TRP ID;a CC group ID;a CC ID;a layer index; anda beam ID.10.The method of any one of claims 7 to 9 further comprising:receiving a dynamic indication to start a measurement according to the CoMP channel measurement information.11.The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the measurement configuration information comprises configuration information for at least one of:synchronization signal blocks (SSB) ;channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) ;demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ;sounding reference signal (SRS) ;measurement periodicity;aperiodic measurement triggering; andmeasurement window.12.The method of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein receiving the configuration information of CoMP communication comprises:receiving CoMP and carrier aggregation (CA) set configuration information; andreceiving a dynamic indication to start the CoMP communication.13.The method of claim 12 wherein the dynamic indication is for scheduling a joint CoMP and CA transmission of the communications and is carried in downlink control information (DCI) or a combination of DCI and media access control control element (MAC CE) .14.The method of claim 13, wherein the DCI or the combination of DCI and MAC CE indication comprises one or more of:a TRP ID;a beam ID;a CC group ID;a CC ID;a layer index;resource allocation information for at least one of frequency domain, time domain and spatial domain;DMRS port information;QCL information;Hybrid automatic request (HARQ) information;HARQ-feedback RA information;target set indication information;switching timing indication;power control information;aperiodic channel measurement report triggering information; andSRS port information.15.The method of any one of claims 1 to 14 further comprising receiving an indication of terminating or deactivating at least one of:a joint CoMP and CA measurement configuration; anda joint CoMP and CA transmission configuration.16.The method of any one of claims 3 to 15 further comprising:camping on the first CC.17.The method of any one of claims 1 to 16 further comprising:reporting capability information of CoMP communications.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the capability information includes supporting one or more of:an indication of at least one coherent joint CoMP communication;an indication of at least one non-coherent joint CoMP communication;a number of layers for layered CoMP communication;a number of carriers for CA communication; anda total number of carriers for joint CoMP and CA communication.19.An apparatus comprising:a processor coupled with a computer-readable medium having stored thereon, computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 18.20.A computer readable medium, having stored thereon, computer executable instructions that when executed by a processor of an apparatus, enable the apparatus to perform any one of claims 1 to 18.21.A method performed at a network side device comprising:transmitting information on one or more component carrier (CC) groups, wherein each CC group includes one or more CCs;transmitting configuration information of coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communication using at least one CC group, wherein the at least one CC group belongs to the one or more CC groups; andperforming communications based on the configuration information of CoMP communication.22.The method of claim 21, wherein for each CC group of the one or more CC groups, the information on the one or more CC groups is at least one of:a CC group identify (ID) for the CC group;frequency resource information for the CC group;a transmit receive point (TRP) ID for each of one or more TRPs associated with the CC group;and for each CC associated with the CC group, at least one of:a CC ID; andfrequency resource information.23.The method of claim 21 or 22, wherein the information on the one or more CC groups further comprises a first CC ID indicating a first CC in a first CC group belonging to the one or more CC groups for a user equipment (UE) to camp on when the UE is in an idle state or an inactive state, and for the UE to connect as a primary CC when the UE is in connected state.24.The method of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the CoMP communication comprises one or more of:a coherent joint CoMP communication;a non-coherent joint CoMP communication;a layered CoMP communication;a carrier aggregation (CA) communication;a joint CoMP and CA communication; anddynamic point switching (DPS) .25.The method of any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the configuration information of the CoMP communication indicating at least one parameter for the CoMP communication comprises at least one of:at least one CC group ID, each associated with one of the one or more CC groups;for each of the at least one CC group, at least one of:at least one TRP ID, each associated with one of the one or more TRPs of the CC group;at least one CC ID, each associated with one of the one or more CCs included in the CC group; andfor each of the at least one CC, at least one of:at least one layer index, each associated with one of the one or more layers included in the CC;at least one beam ID, each associated with one of the one or more beams included in the CC; andreference signal configuration including one or more of channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) or sounding reference signal (SRS) ;QCL or TCI information between different reference signals.26.The method of claim 25, wherein at least one TRP ID is indicated by associated information and includes one or more of:reference signal (RS) port information; orthe QCL or TCI information.27.The method of any one of claims 21 to 26, further comprising:transmitting CoMP channel measurement configuration information; andreceiving channel measurement information based on the CoMP channel measurement configuration information.28.The method of claim 27, wherein the CoMP channel measurement information comprises one or more of:candidates for a CoMP measurement set;candidates for a CA measurement set;a measurement configuration; anda measurement method.29.The method of claim 28, wherein the candidates for the CoMP measurement set and / or the CA measurement set comprise one or more of:a TRP ID;a CC group ID;a CC ID;a layer index; anda beam ID.30.The method of any one of claims 27 to 29 further comprising:transmitting a dynamic indication to start a measurement according to the CoMP channel measurement information.31.The method of claim 28 or 29, wherein the measurement configuration information comprises configuration information for at least one of:synchronization signal blocks (SSB) ;channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) ;demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ;sounding reference signal (SRS) ;measurement periodicity;aperiodic measurement triggering; andmeasurement window.32.The method of any one of claims 21 to 31, wherein transmitting the configuration information of CoMP communication comprises:transmitting CoMP and carrier aggregation (CA) set configuration information; andtransmitting a dynamic indication to start the CoMP communication.33.The method of claim 32 wherein the dynamic indication is for scheduling a joint CoMP and CA transmission of the communications and is carried in downlink control information (DCI) or a combination of DCI and media access control control element (MAC CE) .34.The method of claim 33, wherein the DCI or the combination of DCI and MAC CE indication comprises one or more of:a TRP ID;a beam ID;a CC group ID;a CC ID;a layer index;resource allocation information for at least one of frequency domain, time domain and spatial domain;DMRS port information;QCL information;Hybrid automatic request (HARQ) information;HARQ-feedback RA information;target set indication information;switching timing indication;power control information;aperiodic channel measurement report triggering information; andSRS port information.35.The method of any one of claims 21 to 34 further comprising transmitting an indication of terminating or deactivating at least one of:a joint CoMP and CA measurement configuration; anda joint CoMP and CA transmission configuration.36.The method of any one of claims 21 to 35 further comprising:receiving capability information of CoMP communications.37.The method of claim 36, wherein the capability information includes supporting one or more of:an indication of at least one coherent joint CoMP communication;an indication of at least one non-coherent joint CoMP communication;a number of layers for layered CoMP communication;a number of carriers for CA communication; anda total number of carriers for joint CoMP and CA communication.38.An apparatus comprising:a processor coupled with a computer-readable medium having stored thereon, computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 21 to 37.39.A non-transitory computer readable medium, having stored thereon, computer executable instructions that when executed, that, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, enable the apparatus to perform any one of claims 21 to 37.
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