Communication method and communication device

Abstract

Provided are a communication method and a communication device. The method comprises: a first device sends a first signal, wherein the first signal is used for providing energy for a second device and / or used for the second device to perform backscatter modulation, and the first signal is generated on the basis of a first spreading sequence in a spreading sequence set.

Description

Communication method and communication device TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and more particularly, to a communication method and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, in order to support normal use of some communication devices (such as ambient power (AMP) devices), an energy supply signal or a carrier signal is provided for such devices. How to design the energy supply signal or the carrier signal (for example, how to design the waveform of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal) is a problem to be solved.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a communication method and a communication device. Each aspect involved in the present application is introduced as follows.

[0005] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, comprising: a first device sending a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for a second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation of the second device; and wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

[0006] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, comprising: a second device receiving a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for the second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation of the second device; and wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

[0007] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a first device, and the communication device comprises: a communication module, configured to send a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for a second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation of the second device; and wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a second device, and the communication device comprises: a communication module, configured to receive a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for the second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation of the second device; and wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a transceiver, a memory, and a processor, the memory is configured to store a program, the processor is configured to invoke the program in the memory and control the transceiver to receive or send a signal, so that the communication device performs the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising a processor configured to invoke a program from a memory, so that the apparatus performs the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor configured to invoke a program from a memory, so that a device installed with the chip performs the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a program, the program causes a computer to perform the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0013] In a ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which comprises a program, the program causes a computer to perform the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0014] In a tenth aspect, a computer program is provided, the computer program causes a computer to perform the method in the first aspect or the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG. 1 is an example diagram of a system architecture of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied.

[0016] FIG. 2 is an example diagram of a zero-power network.

[0017] FIG. 3 is an example diagram of an energy harvesting mode of a zero-power device.

[0018] FIG. 4 is an example diagram of a backscatter communication mode of a zero-power device.

[0019] FIG. 5 is an example diagram of a load modulation mode of a zero-power device.

[0020] FIG. 6 is an example diagram of an encoding mode of a zero-power device.

[0021] FIG. 7 is an example diagram of a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structure provided by the related art.

[0022] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission process based on a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technology.

[0023] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a correlation operation in DSSS technology.

[0024] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a spreading process.

[0025] FIG. 11 is another schematic diagram of a spreading process.

[0026] FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of a spreading sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of an energy supply signal or carrier signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of a spread energy supply signal or carrier signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a power spectral density of a spread energy supply signal or carrier signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of a spreading sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of an energy supply signal or carrier signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of a spread energy supply signal or carrier signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a power spectral density of a spread energy supply signal or carrier signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of an optimized power spectral density provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of an optimized power spectral density provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. To facilitate understanding, first, communication terms and communication processes that can be involved in embodiments of the present application will be introduced with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0041] Communication system

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless fidelity (WiFi), a high performance radio local area network (HIPERLAN), a wide area network (WAN), a cellular network or other communication systems, and the like. For example, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a communication system using an 802.11 standard. Exemplarily, the 802.11 standard includes but is not limited to an 802.11a standard, an 802.11g standard, an 802.11ba standard, an 802.11bp standard, and a next-generation 802.11 standard, and the like.

[0043] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication devices in the communication system 100 can include a first device 110 and a second device 120.

[0044] In some scenarios, for example, in a WiFi system, the first device 110 can be a station (STA), and the second device 120 can be an access point (AP). The AP is used to create a wireless network and provide wireless network services for the STA. The STA can access the network through the AP.

[0045] The AP can be a device in a wireless network. The AP can be a communication server, a router, a switch, a bridge, or the like, or the AP can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and the like. Of course, the AP can also be a chip, a circuit or a processing system in these various forms of devices, so as to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application. The AP can be applied to various scenarios, for example, a sensor node in a smart city, such as a smart water meter, a smart electricity meter, a smart air detection node; a smart device in a smart home, such as a smart camera, a projector, a display screen, a television, a sound box, a refrigerator, a washing machine, and the like; a node in the Internet of Things; an entertainment terminal, such as an AR, a VR, and the like wearable device; a smart device in a smart office, such as a printer, a projector, and the like; a vehicle networking device in vehicle networking; and some infrastructure in daily life, such as a vending machine, a self-service navigation station in a supermarket, a self-service checkout device, a self-service ordering machine, and the like.

[0046] A STA can be a device that has a wireless transceiver function, such as supporting the 802.11 series of protocols, and communicates with an AP or other STAs. For example, a STA is any user communication device that allows a user to communicate with an AP and thus a WLAN network. For example, a STA includes a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile terminal, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device, etc.

[0047] A STA can also be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, such as a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a car device, etc. For example, a STA includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with a wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a car device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5G network, or a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc. Embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0048] The STA can also be a wearable device. The wearable device can also be referred to as a smart wearable device, which is a general term for devices that are designed and developed by applying wearable technology to daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. For example, the wearable device includes a smart watch or smart glasses, and focuses on a certain application function, such as a smart bracelet or smart jewelry that needs to be used in cooperation with other devices, such as a smart phone.

[0049] The STA can also be a terminal device in an Internet of Things (IoT) system. The IoT is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and network, so as to realize the intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection.

[0050] The STA can also be a device in a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) system. The communication mode in the V2X system is collectively referred to as V2X, where X can represent any object. For example, the V2X communication includes vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, and the like.

[0051] In addition, the STA can also include a smart printer, a train detector, a gas station sensor, and the like, and the main functions thereof include collecting data, receiving control information and downlink data of the AP, and transmitting electromagnetic waves to transmit data to the AP.

[0052] The AP in the embodiments of the present application can be a device for communicating with the STA. The AP can be a network device or a terminal device in a wireless local area network, and the AP can be used for communicating with the STA through the wireless local area network.

[0053] From the perspective of the communication mode supported by the AP, in some implementation manners, the AP can be a device that supports the 802.11 mode. Further, the AP can also be a device that supports multiple current and future WLAN modes of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11ba, and 802.11a.

[0054] From the perspective of the communication standards supported by the STA, in some implementations, the STA is a device that can support the 802.11 standard. The STA can also support multiple current and future WLAN standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11ba, and 802.11a.

[0055] It should be understood that the specific forms of the STA and the AP in the embodiments of the present application are not specially limited, and are only illustratively described herein.

[0056] In addition, the technical solutions implemented by the present application can also be used in other scenarios outside the wifi system. For example, in some other scenarios, the first device 110 can be a terminal device, and the second device 120 can be a network device. The network device can be a device that communicates with the terminal device. The network device can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and can communicate with terminal devices located within the coverage area.

[0057] The terminal device can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user apparatus. The terminal device, for example, can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, and can be used to connect people, things, and machines, such as household appliances, sensors, electronic tags, etc. with wireless connectivity. The terminal device can also be a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wireless terminal in an IWSN, a wireless terminal in smart logistics and smart warehousing, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, etc.

[0058] The network device can be a device for communicating with the terminal device. The network device can also be an access network device or a radio access network device, for example, the network device can be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of the present application can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node or device that accesses the terminal device to the wireless network. The base station can broadly cover various names in the following or can be replaced by the following names, for example: node B (NodeB), evolved node B (eNB), next generation node B (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station (MeNB), auxiliary station (SeNB), multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. The base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node or the like, or a combination thereof. The base station can also refer to a communication module, modem or chip for being disposed in the foregoing device or apparatus. The base station can also be a mobile switching center and a device that undertakes the function of a base station in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, network side device in 6G network, device that undertakes the function of a base station in future communication system, etc. The base station can support the network of the same or different access technology. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.

[0059] The base station can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or a drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move according to the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, the helicopter or the drone can be configured to act as a device that communicates with another base station.

[0060] In some deployments, the network device in the embodiments of the present application can refer to a CU or a DU; or the network device includes a CU and a DU. The gNB can also include an AAU.

[0061] The network device and the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water surface; and can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons and satellites in the air. The scenarios where the network device and the terminal device are located are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] It should be understood that all or part of the functions of the communication device in the present application can also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualized functions instantiated on a platform such as a cloud platform.

[0063] FIG. 1 exemplarily shows two first devices 110 and one second device 120. Optionally, the communication system 100 can include multiple second devices 120, and the communication system 100 can also include other numbers of first devices 110.

[0064] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described by taking a WIFI system as an example. It can be understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can also be extended to other systems.

[0065] Zero-power communication technology

[0066] The zero-power communication network can use energy harvesting and back scattering communication technology for communication. The zero-power communication network is composed of a network device 110 and a zero-power device 120, as shown in FIG. 2. The network device 110 is used to send a wireless power supply signal, a downlink communication signal to the zero-power device 120, and receive a back scattering signal of the zero-power device. A basic zero-power device 120 can include an energy harvesting module, a back scattering communication module and a low-power computing module. In addition, the zero-power device 120 can also have a memory or a sensor for storing some basic information (such as article identification, etc.) or obtaining environmental temperature, environmental humidity and other sensing data. The energy harvesting technology and the back scattering communication technology in the zero-power communication are introduced as follows.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 3, the energy harvesting module realizes the collection of space electromagnetic wave energy based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and then obtains the energy required to drive the zero-power device to work. For example, the energy harvesting module can be used to drive the low-power demodulation and modulation module, the sensor and the memory and other modules in the zero-power device to work. Therefore, the zero-power device does not need a traditional battery.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 4, the zero-power device 120 receives the wireless signal transmitted by the network device 110. After receiving the wireless signal, the zero-power device 120 modulates the wireless signal to load the information to be transmitted. Then, the zero-power device 120 radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. The above information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Backscattering and load modulation are inseparable. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation loop of the zero-power device according to the beat of the data stream, so that the size of the impedance and other parameters change accordingly, thereby completing the modulation. Load modulation technology mainly includes resistance load modulation and capacitance load modulation. In resistance load modulation, a resistance is connected in parallel with the load, and the resistance is turned on or off based on the control of the binary data stream, as shown in FIG. 5. The on-off of the resistance will cause the change of the circuit voltage, thereby realizing amplitude shift keying (ASK), that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattering signal of the zero-power device. Similarly, in capacitance load modulation, the on-off of the capacitance can realize the change of the circuit resonance frequency, realize frequency shift keying (FSK), that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal by adjusting the working frequency of the backscattering signal of the zero-power device.

[0069] As can be seen, the zero-power device modulates the incoming signal by means of load modulation to realize backscatter communication. Therefore, the zero-power device has the following obvious advantages:

[0070] First, the zero-power device does not actively transmit signals, so it does not need complex radio frequency links such as power amplifiers (PAs), radio frequency filters, etc.

[0071] Second, the zero-power device does not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so it does not need a high-frequency crystal oscillator.

[0072] Third, by means of backscatter communication, the signal transmission of the zero-power device does not consume the energy of the zero-power device itself.

[0073] Due to the obvious advantages of low cost, zero power, small size, etc., the zero-power device can be widely used in various industries. For example, the zero-power device can be applied to logistics, intelligent warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, industrial internet, etc. Or, the zero-power device can also be applied to smart wearable, smart home, etc.

[0074] The encoding method that can be used in the zero-power communication process is described below.

[0075] The zero-power communication system can encode a signal using one of the following encoding methods: non-return zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, unipolar RZ encoding, differential binary phase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding, and differential encoding.

[0076] (1) Non-Return Zero (NRZ) Encoding

[0077] NRZ encoding represents binary "1" with a high level and binary "0" with a low level, as shown in (a) of FIG. 6.

[0078] (2) Manchester Encoding

[0079] Manchester encoding is also called split phase coding. In Manchester encoding, the value of a bit is represented by a change (rise / fall) in level at the middle of the bit length, with a negative transition at the middle of the bit period representing binary "1" and a positive transition at the middle of the bit period representing binary "0", as shown in (b) of FIG. 6.

[0080] (3) Unipolar RZ Encoding

[0081] Unipolar RZ encoding represents binary "1" with a high level in the first half of the bit period and binary "0" with a low level signal that continues throughout the bit period, as shown in (c) of FIG. 6. Unipolar RZ encoding can be used to extract a bit synchronization signal.

[0082] (4) Differential Binary Phase (DBP) Encoding

[0083] DBP encoding represents binary "0" with any edge in the middle of the bit period and binary "1" if there is no edge, as shown in (d) of FIG. 6. In addition, the level is inverted at the beginning of each bit period. Thus, it is easier for a receiver to reconstruct the bit clock.

[0084] (5) Miller Encoding

[0085] Miller encoding represents binary "1" with any edge in the middle of the bit period and binary "0" with a constant level in the next bit period. The level is alternated at the beginning of the bit period, as shown in (e) of FIG. 6. Thus, it is easier for a receiver to reconstruct the bit clock.

[0086] (6) Differential Encoding

[0087] In differential encoding, each binary "1" to be transmitted causes a change in signal level, while for binary "0" the signal level remains unchanged.

[0088] The following introduces the classification of zero-power devices.

[0089] In the zero-power communication technology, based on the energy source of the zero-power device and the way of energy use, the zero-power device can be divided into three categories: passive zero-power device, semi-passive zero-power device, and active zero-power device.

[0090] The passive zero-power device usually does not need to be equipped with a battery. When the passive zero-power device is close to the network device, the passive zero-power device is in the near-field range formed by the antenna radiation of the network device. At this time, the antenna of the passive zero-power device can generate induced current through electromagnetic induction, and the induced current can power the passive zero-power device to drive the low-power chip circuit of the passive zero-power device, realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the backward link, etc. For the backscatter link, the passive zero-power device can use the backscatter implementation to transmit signals.

[0091] Based on the above introduction, it can be seen that the passive zero-power device does not need to be equipped with a built-in battery to drive, whether it is based on the transmission process of the forward link or the transmission process of the backward link, it is a truly zero-power device.

[0092] In some implementation manners, the above passive zero-power device can be an electronic tag, and correspondingly, the network device can be a reader / writer of a radio frequency identification (RFID) system, used to read the content in the electronic tag and / or used to change the content in the electronic tag.

[0093] The semi-passive zero-power device itself also does not install a conventional battery, but can use an energy harvesting module, such as an RF energy harvesting module, to harvest radio wave energy, and at the same time store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit such as a capacitor. After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can power the zero-power device to drive the low-power chip circuit. Realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the backward link, etc. For the backscatter link, the zero-power device uses the backscatter implementation to transmit signals.

[0094] Based on the above introduction, it can be seen that the semi-passive zero-power device does not need to be equipped with a built-in battery to drive, whether it is based on the transmission process of the forward link or the transmission process of the backward link, although it uses the energy stored in the capacitor in the work, but the energy comes from the radio energy harvested by the energy harvesting module, so it is also a truly zero-power device.

[0095] The active zero-power device can be built-in with a battery. The battery can power the active zero-power device to drive the low-power chip circuit of the active zero-power device to implement demodulation of a forward link signal and modulation of a backward link signal. For a backscatter link, the active zero-power device uses a backscatter implementation to transmit a signal. Therefore, the zero-power of the terminal mainly reflects that the signal transmission of the backward link does not need to consume the power of the terminal itself, but uses the backscatter mode.

[0096] For the active zero-power device, the built-in battery can be used for power supply, so that the communication distance of the active zero-power device can be increased and the communication reliability can be improved. Therefore, the active zero-power device can be applied in some scenarios with relatively high requirements on communication distance, reading delay and the like.

[0097] In some implementations, the active zero-power device described above can be an electronic tag, and the network device can be a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader. At this time, the built-in battery can power the RFID chip in the electronic tag to increase the reading and writing distance between the RFID reader and the electronic tag. On the other hand, the built-in battery can power the RFID chip in the electronic tag to shorten the reading and writing delay of the electronic tag by the RFID reader, which is beneficial to improve the communication reliability.

[0098] In addition to classifying the zero-power device based on the energy source and the energy use mode, the zero-power device can also be classified based on the transmitter type.

[0099] First, the zero-power device based on backscatter

[0100] The zero-power device uses the backscatter mode as described above to transmit uplink data. The zero-power device does not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only has a backscatter transmitter. Therefore, when the terminal transmits data, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and the terminal device performs backscatter based on the carrier to realize data transmission.

[0101] Second, the zero-power device based on an active transmitter

[0102] The zero-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capability to transmit uplink data, so that the zero-power device can transmit data using its own active transmitter when transmitting data, without the need for the network device to provide a carrier. The active transmitter suitable for the zero-power device can be, for example, an ultra-low-power ASK transmitter, an ultra-low-power FSK transmitter, and the like. Based on the current implementation, the overall power consumption of such a transmitter can be reduced to 400-600 uw when transmitting a 100 uw signal.

[0103] Third, the zero-power device with both backscatter and active transmitter

[0104] Such zero-power devices can support both backscattering and active transmitters. The zero-power devices can determine which type of uplink signal transmission to use, i.e., backscattering or active transmitter, based on different situations (e.g., power situation, available ambient energy) or based on the scheduling of the network devices.

[0105] Cellular passive IoT

[0106] Cellular IoT technologies are booming, such as the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) has standardized narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT), machine type communication (MTC), reduced capability (RedCap), and other IoT technologies. However, there are still many scenarios of IoT communication needs that cannot be met, for example:

[0107] First, harsh communication environment

[0108] Some IoT scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed motion. For example, ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, high-cold environment monitoring, industrial production lines, etc. In these scenarios, due to the working environment limitations of conventional power supplies, existing IoT terminals will not work. In addition, extreme working environments are also not conducive to the maintenance of IoT, such as replacing batteries.

[0109] Second, extremely small terminal form factor requirements

[0110] Some IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity circulation, and smart wearables, require terminals to have extremely small sizes to facilitate their use in these scenarios. For example, IoT terminals for commodity management in the circulation link are usually in the form of electronic tags, which are embedded in commodity packaging in a very small form. For another example, lightweight wearable devices can meet user needs while improving user experience.

[0111] Third, extremely low-cost IoT communication requirements

[0112] Many IoT communication scenarios require the cost of IoT terminals to be low enough to enhance the competitiveness relative to other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehouse scenarios, in order to facilitate the management of a large number of circulating goods, an IoT terminal can be attached to each good, so as to complete the precise management of the entire logistics process and cycle through the communication between the terminal and the logistics network. These scenarios require the price of the IoT terminal to be competitive enough.

[0113] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoTs are also needed in cellular networks, and zero-power IoTs can exactly meet this demand.

[0114] In the process of standardization discussion, the zero-power IoT can also be called ambient power enabled IoT (A-IoT), and some technical literature refers to the zero-power IoT as passive IoT. The terminal device in the A-IoT system can be referred to as an ambient IoT device or an ambient power (AMP) device. The AMP device means an IoT device that is driven by various ambient energies such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. Such a device can have no energy storage capability, or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of several tens of uF). Compared with traditional IoT devices, ambient IoT devices have the advantages of no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, long life cycle, etc.

[0115] Based on the discussion of the application scenarios of ambient power IoT by 3GPP SA1, it is proposed that ambient power IoT is used for at least the following four types of scenarios:

[0116] Scenario one: object identification, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0117] Scenario two: environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of working environment and natural environment;

[0118] Scenario three: positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent search for objects, and production line object positioning;

[0119] Scenario four: intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various appliances in smart home (turning on / off air conditioner, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouse (automatic irrigation, fertilization).

[0120] Typical wifi PPDU structure

[0121] WiFi communication systems include a variety of different versions (e.g., 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, etc.) to employ different design and optimization methods for different application scenarios, data rates, propagation distances (or coverage), etc. requirements. From the perspective of the physical layer protocol, the PPDU structure (also referred to as the physical layer frame structure in some documents) is the design focus of different versions of WiFi systems. The PPDU structure needs to ensure interoperability between different devices.

[0122] Several PPDU frame structures provided by related technologies are introduced as follows. As shown in FIG. 7, the earliest version of the wifi communication system is 802.11a, in which the short training field (STF), the long training field (LTF) and the signal (SIG) are also basically used in the PPDU frame structure of subsequent other versions. The 802.11n version introduces high throughput (HT) characteristics. The 802.11n adds an HT-SIG field on the basis of the traditional preamble (including STF, LTF, and SIG) of 802.11a. The HT-SIG field uses the modulation mode of quadrature binary phase shift keying (Q-BPSK), which can enable the STA to distinguish whether the data packet is of the HT or non-HT type. The 802.11ac adds a new very high throughput (VHT)-SIG field after the traditional preamble. In order to distinguish from 802.11a and 802.11n, the VHT-SIG field newly introduced by 802.11ac includes two 4us symbols, and is modulated by BPSK and Q-BPSK respectively. The 802.11ba version is designed for energy-saving users, so the 802.11ba version introduces the low power wak-up radio (LP-WUR) technology. The PPDU frame structure of the 802.11ba version includes a wideband part (or non-WUR part) and a narrowband part (or WUR part). The non-WUR part also includes L-SFT, L-LTF, L-SIG and two binary phase shift keying marks (BPSK-Mark) for distinguishing versions. The signal carried in the non-WUR part is a wideband signal, and uses OFDM modulation. The non-WUR part is mainly to enable other non-WUR devices to detect and identify the WUR PPDU, so as to avoid other devices from transmitting data in this PPDU, thereby reducing the interference on the WUR PPDU. The WUR part uses a narrowband signal (4MHz), and the WUR part uses multi-carrier on-off keying (MC-OOK) modulation. The WUR part includes a WUR synchronization (WUR-Sync) part.The WUR-Sync portion is used for WUR receiver to perform PPDU detection, timing, and determine the rate of the data portion (both low data rate (LDR) and high data rate (HDR)) so that the WUR receiver can read the subsequent data portion according to the indication of the WUR-Sync portion. It is noted that the WUR portion does not have a dedicated SIG field to indicate the length of the data portion, but the length information of the data portion is carried in the first few bytes of the data portion. Therefore, the length information of the data portion can be encoded by the medium access control (MAC) layer in a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU). This design requires cross-layer cooperation of the receiver, i.e., the physical layer of the receiver needs to upload a portion of the data to the MAC layer first, and then the length of the data field can be determined. This design may increase the complexity of the receiver, but it can also alleviate the demand for the SIG field of the WUR PPDU.

[0123] The A-IoT system is mentioned in the foregoing when introducing the zero-power technology. The PPDU in the A-IoT system can also include a wideband portion (or non-AMP portion) and a narrowband portion (or AMP portion). The wideband portion can include one or more of L-SFT, L-LTF, L-SIG, and two BPSK-marks (which can be modulated by using OFDM modulation) for distinguishing versions. The narrowband portion can include one or more of a synchronization field, a SIG field, and a data field.

[0124] In the A-IoT system, in addition to the AP and the AMP device, a power supply node (or wireless power transmission (WPT) node) and / or a carrier wave node (CWN) can also be deployed. The power supply node transmits a wireless power supply signal to provide energy for the A-IoT device, and the carrier wave node transmits a carrier wave signal to be modulated by the A-IoT device to implement backscatter communication, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0125] DSSS technology in 802.11

[0126] The DSSS technology is a spread spectrum technology, based on which a signal can be transmitted through a wider frequency band. The basic operation of the DSSS technology is to disperse RF energy to a certain wide frequency band through precise control. When the variation of the radio carrier is dispersed to a wider frequency band, the receiver can find the variation by correlation processing.

[0127] Figure 9 illustrates the basic operation of DSSS. Referring to Figure 9, on the left side of Figure 9 is a conventional narrowband radio signal. The signal is processed by a spreader, which mathematically flattens the amplitude of the narrowband input signal and distributes it across a relatively wide frequency band. To a narrowband receiver, the signal processed by the DSSS sequence spreader looks like some low-level noise because the RF energy has been spread across a wide frequency band. The key to DSSS is that any modulation of the RF carrier is also spread across the entire frequency band. A receiver can monitor a wide frequency band and look for variations that affect the entire band. The original signal can be recovered by a correlator, which essentially reverses the spreading process.

[0128] At a higher level, the correlator is simply looking for variations in the RF signal that affect the entire band. The protection provided by correlation makes the signal transmission resistant to many types of interference. Noise typically comes in bursts or pulses, which are relatively narrow in frequency. By definition, such pulses do not affect the entire band. Thus, the correlation function spreads the noise across the entire band, and the signal processed by correlation is completely unaffected, as shown in Figure 10.

[0129] DSSS operates by processing a data stream with a spreading code (the spreading code can also be referred to as a spreading sequence or a chipping sequence). A chip is a binary digit used in the spreading process. A bit is a higher-level data, and a chip is a binary digit used in the encoding process. There is no mathematical difference between a bit and a chip. The term is used by spread-spectrum developers to indicate that a chip is part of the encoding and transmission process but does not itself carry any data. The spreading code, also known as a pseudo-noise (PN) code, must have a higher transmission rate than the underlying data (the primary power consumption of DSSS at the physical layer is the use of a high-frequency oscillator to generate the chip stream or to recover the data). Figure 11 A illustrates the role of the spreading code in DSSS. On the left side of Figure 11 A is a single data bit, which has a value of 1 or 0. Each data bit is processed with multiple chips. In Figure 11 A, the chip stream is a spreading code that is 11 bits long. The spreading code is combined with a data byte to produce 11 chips that carry the data bit. The 11-chip / single-data-bit sequence is transmitted over the wireless link. The receiving end compares the 11 chips with the same chip stream (i.e., the spreading code). If the chips match the spreading code, the recovered data bit is 0; if they do not match, the recovered data bit is 1.

[0130] Encoding a lower bit rate signal with a higher chip rate has the side effect of spreading the signal power over a wider frequency band. One of the most important characteristics of a DSSS system is the spreading ratio, which indicates how many chips must be used to transmit a single bit. Higher spreading ratios improve the ability to recover the signal, but require a higher chip rate and a wider frequency band. Doubling the spreading ratio requires twice as many chips and twice as much bandwidth. Increasing the chip rate has two costs. The direct cost is the need for more expensive RF components that can operate at higher frequencies, and the indirect cost is the bandwidth required. Therefore, in designing a DSSS system, it is desirable to keep the spreading ratio as low as possible, while still meeting the design requirements and avoiding wasted bandwidth.

[0131] DSSS trades bandwidth for transmission capacity. Compared to traditional narrowband transmission, direct sequence modulation requires more radio spectrum and is slower, but it is usually more tolerant of other sources of interference. This is because the correlation function of the receiver effectively rejects narrowband noise. Compared to frequency hopping, DSSS is also easier to scale to higher throughput.

[0132] 802.11 uses an 11-bit Barker word as the spreading code. Each bit is encoded with the Barker word. The key property of the Barker word for 802.11 networks is that it has good auto-correlation, i.e., the correlation function used by the receiver behaves as expected in most environments and is relatively tolerant of multipath fading. The Barker word is 11 bits long because regulators usually require DSSS systems to have a processing gain of 10 dB. An 11-bit spreading code per bit allows 802.11 to meet regulatory requirements with a little safety margin. Using an 11-bit spreading code is not very long, so it allows more overlapping networks. Longer spreading codes can provide higher processing gain, but require more bandwidth.

[0133] 802.11 uses the Barker sequence [ +1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1, +1, +1, -1, -1, -1] as the spreading code. When used in 802.11, +1 is replaced by 1 and -1 is replaced by 0. Thus the Barker sequence becomes 10110111000. A modulo-2 adder applies this to each bit of the data stream. If the encoded bit is 1, all the bits of the spreading code change; if the encoded bit is 0, they remain the same. Figure 11B shows the complete encoding process.

[0134] The receiver can periodically check how many 1s are contained in the received bits. The Barker sequence itself has 6 1s and 5 0s. As long as 6 1s are contained in the 11-bit sequence, it means that 0 is to be transmitted; if 6 0s are contained in the 11-bit sequence, it means that 1 is to be transmitted. In addition to counting the number of 1s and 0s, the receiver can also infer the actual value of the transmitted bit through analysis of the bit pattern.

[0135] As described above, in order to support the normal use of some communication devices (such as ring AMP devices), an energizing signal or a carrier signal can be provided for such devices. How to design the energizing signal or the carrier signal (for example, how to design the waveform of the energizing signal or the carrier signal) is a problem to be solved.

[0136] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

[0137] FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method of FIG. 12 can be performed by a first device and a second device. The first device can be a node (or an energizing node) that provides energy for the second device. Alternatively, the first device can be a node that provides a carrier signal for the second device to perform backscatter transmission. In some implementations, the first device can be an AP, that is, the AP can provide energy or a carrier signal for the second device. Alternatively, the first device can be a device independent of the AP (such as a dedicated energizing device or a carrier providing device), such as the carrier node or the energizing node controlled by the AP shown in FIG. 8. The second device can be an AMP device, or other types of devices supporting energy harvesting function or backscatter transmission.

[0138] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the first device transmits a first signal. The first signal (such as an energizing signal) can be used to provide energy for the second device. The first signal can be referred to as an energizing signal. The energizing signal can be used to provide energy for a communication device supporting backscatter, or can be used to provide energy for a communication device supporting active transmission. Alternatively, the first signal (such as a carrier signal) can be used for the second device to perform backscatter modulation. It should be understood that the energizing signal and the carrier signal can be transmitted by the same device, or can be transmitted by different devices, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0139] In some implementations, the values of the bits in the first signal are all 1, or in other words, the first signal can be continuous 1 in the time domain.

[0140] In some implementations, the values of the bits in the first signal are all -1, or in other words, the first signal can be continuous -1 in the time domain.

[0141] In some implementations, the values of the bits in the first signal are a combination of 1 and -1.

[0142] In some implementations, the first signal can be a constant envelope signal.

[0143] In some implementations, the first signal can be a pulse in the frequency domain.

[0144] The first signal (or the waveform of the first signal) can be determined (or generated) based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences. For example, the first signal can comprise one or more symbols, where each symbol (or the waveform of each symbol) can be generated based on the first spreading sequence. The set of spreading sequences mentioned herein can comprise only one spreading sequence, or can comprise a plurality of spreading sequences. The bandwidth of the first signal can be greater than the bandwidth of the first signal before spreading. In addition, the bandwidth of the first signal can be less than a first threshold. The first threshold can be determined based on predefined information. The first threshold can be, for example, 20 MHz.

[0145] The spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences can be, for example, a DSSS sequence. As described above with respect to the DSSS technology, 802.11 devices have the capability of DSSS, and the embodiments of the present application reuse this capability of 802.11 devices by using the DSSS sequence as the spreading sequence.

[0146] The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on the length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences (i.e., the number of bits or chips contained in the spreading sequence). For example, the length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than or equal to K. The value of K can be, for example, 11. By setting the length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences to be greater than or equal to 11, the DSSS system can have a processing gain of at least 10 dB. Of course, the value of K can also be other values. For example, the value of K can also be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. Alternatively, the value of K can also be 12, 13, 14, 15.

[0147] In some implementations, the value of K can be an integer multiple of 11, such as 1 times, 2 times, 3 times, or 4 times of 11. As described above with respect to the DSSS technology, 802.11 devices have the capability of DSSS and support a spreading sequence with a length of 11 (i.e., the Barker word mentioned above). By setting the length of the DSSS sequence to be an integer multiple of 11, the capability of 802.11 devices can be reused, or a simple extension (i.e., an integer multiple of extension) can be made based on this capability.

[0148] In some implementations, the spreading codes in the spreading sequence set can be random spreading codes (i.e., the positions of 1 and -1, or 1 and 0, in the spreading codes are random). Taking an example in which the spreading sequence set includes spreading sequences of length 11, the spreading sequence set can include one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], and [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1]. [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0] is the same as the spreading sequence provided in 802.11b, which is equivalent to using the spreading sequence in 802.11b. [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1] and [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1] can be understood as sequences obtained by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation on [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0]. As can be seen, the design of the above spreading sequences is to use the spreading sequence provided in 802.11b, so as to simplify implementation.

[0149] The structure of the spreading sequence is different, and the bandwidth of the spread signal is also different. Therefore, in other implementations, some special structures (or special formats) of spreading sequences can be constructed to select or adjust the bandwidth of the spread first signal. For example, the spreading sequence set includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence, an all-1 sequence, an all-1 sequence, a second spreading sequence, and a third spreading sequence. The second spreading sequence mentioned here includes a first sequence part and a second sequence part, the first sequence part includes x consecutive bits, the second sequence part includes y consecutive bits, the x bits all have a first value, the y bits all have a second value different from the first value, and the sum of x and y is equal to the length of the second spreading sequence. The third spreading sequence mentioned here can include a first sequence part, a second sequence part, and a third sequence part arranged in sequence, the first sequence part includes m consecutive bits, the second sequence part includes n consecutive bits, and the third sequence part includes k consecutive bits, the m bits all have a first value, the n bits all have a second value different from the first value, the k bits all have the first value, and the sum of x, y, and z is equal to the length of the third spreading sequence. The third spreading sequence can be understood as a spreading sequence obtained by cyclically shifting the second spreading sequence.

[0150] For ease of understanding, the following takes a spreading sequence of length 11 as an example for illustration. If the values of bits (or chips) in the spreading sequence are 1 and -1, the spreading sequence of length 11 can include one or more of the following: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the values of bits (or chips) in the spreading sequence are 1 and 0, the spreading sequence of length 11 can include one or more of the following: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0].

[0151] In the above sequences, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1] corresponds to the all-1 sequence mentioned above, [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1] corresponds to the all- -1 sequence mentioned above, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] corresponds to the all-0 sequence mentioned above, and the rest of the sequences correspond to the second spreading sequence mentioned above. Taking [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1] as an example, the spreading sequence includes 9 consecutive 1s and two consecutive -1s, the 9 consecutive 1s correspond to the first sequence part mentioned above, and the two consecutive -1s correspond to the second sequence part mentioned above. Further, if [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1] is cyclically shifted to the right by 1 bit, the spreading sequence [-1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1] is obtained, which corresponds to the third spreading sequence mentioned above, wherein the leftmost -1 corresponds to the first sequence part in the third spreading sequence, the middle 9 consecutive 1s correspond to the second sequence part in the third spreading sequence, and the rightmost -1 corresponds to the third sequence part in the third spreading sequence.

[0152] Compared with the spreading sequences provided in 802.11b, constructing the all-0 sequence, the all-1 sequence, the all- -1 sequence, the second spreading sequence, or the third spreading sequence in the spreading sequence set can effectively reduce the bandwidth of the first signal after spreading, so that the bandwidth of the first signal does not exceed the requirement of 802.11 on the bandwidth (such as not exceeding 20 MHz).

[0153] In some implementations, the spreading sequence set can include a spreading sequence with a length of 22. The spreading sequence with a length of 22 satisfies one or more of the following: when the transmission rate of the first signal before spreading is 500 Kbps, the spreading sequence with a length of 22 includes a fourth spreading sequence, and the number of first values in the fourth spreading sequence is between 2 and 22. The fourth spreading sequence or the fourth sequence includes a first sequence part and a second sequence part after cyclic shift. The first sequence part includes x consecutive bits, and the second sequence part includes y consecutive bits. The x bits are all first values, the y bits are all second values different from the first values, x is less than or equal to y, and the sum of x and y is equal to the length of the fourth spreading sequence.

[0154] For example, the fourth spreading sequence can include 2 consecutive 1s and 20 consecutive -1s, 3 consecutive 1s and 19 consecutive -1s, and so on (the number of consecutive 1s is between 2 and 22). Alternatively, the fourth spreading sequence can include 2 consecutive -1s and 20 consecutive 1s, 3 consecutive -1s and 19 consecutive 1s, and so on (the number of consecutive -1s is between 2 and 22). Of course, the fourth spreading sequence can also be a spreading sequence obtained by cyclically shifting the above spreading sequence.

[0155] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences can include a spreading sequence with a length of 44. The spreading sequence with the length of 44 satisfies one or more of the following: when the transmission rate of the first signal before spreading is 500 Kbps, the spreading sequence with the length of 44 includes a fifth spreading sequence, and the number of first values in the fifth spreading sequence is between 3 and 44. The fifth spreading sequence or the fifth sequence after cyclically shifting includes a first sequence part and a second sequence part. The first sequence part includes x consecutive bits, and the second sequence part includes y consecutive bits. The x bits all have the first value, the y bits all have a second value different from the first value, x is less than or equal to y, and the sum of x and y is equal to the length of the fifth spreading sequence.

[0156] For example, the fifth spreading sequence can include 3 consecutive 1s and 41 consecutive -1s, 4 consecutive 1s and 40 consecutive -1s, and so on (the number of consecutive 1s is between 3 and 44). Alternatively, the fifth spreading sequence can include 3 consecutive -1s and 41 consecutive 1s, 4 consecutive -1s and 40 consecutive 1s, and so on (the number of consecutive -1s is between 3 and 44). Of course, the fifth spreading sequence can also be a spreading sequence obtained by cyclically shifting the above spreading sequence.

[0157] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences can include a spreading sequence of length 22. The spreading sequence of length 22 satisfies one or more of the following: when the transmission rate before spreading of the first signal is 250 Kbps, the spreading sequence of length 22 includes a sixth spreading sequence, and the number of first values in the sixth spreading sequence is between 1 and 22. The sixth spreading sequence or the sixth sequence, after being cyclically shifted, includes a first sequence portion and a second sequence portion. The first sequence portion includes x consecutive bits, and the second sequence portion includes y consecutive bits. The x bits all have a first value, the y bits all have a second value different from the first value, x is less than or equal to y, and the sum of x and y is equal to the length of a fourth spreading sequence.

[0158] For example, if the number of 1s in the sixth spreading sequence is less than the number of -1s, the first value can be 1. Similarly, for example, if the number of 1s in the sixth spreading sequence is less than the number of 0s, the first value can be 1. As an example, the sixth spreading sequence can include 1 one and 21 consecutive -1s, 2 ones and 20 consecutive -1s, and so on. Alternatively, the sixth spreading sequence can include 1 -1 and 21 consecutive 1s, 2 -1s and 20 consecutive 1s, and so on. Of course, the sixth spreading sequence can also be a spreading sequence obtained by cyclically shifting the above spreading sequences.

[0159] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences can include a spreading sequence of length 44. The spreading sequence of length 44 satisfies one or more of the following: when the transmission rate before spreading of the first signal is 250 Kbps, the spreading sequence of length 44 includes a seventh spreading sequence, and the number of first values in the seventh spreading sequence is between 2 and 44. The seventh spreading sequence or the seventh sequence, after being cyclically shifted, includes a first sequence portion and a second sequence portion. The first sequence portion includes x consecutive bits, and the second sequence portion includes y consecutive bits. The x bits all have a first value, the y bits all have a second value different from the first value, x is less than or equal to y, and the sum of x and y is equal to the length of a fifth spreading sequence.

[0160] For example, if the number of 1s in the seventh spreading sequence is less, the first value can be 1; if the number of -1s in the seventh spreading sequence is less, the first value can be -1. Similarly, for example, if the number of 1s in the seventh spreading sequence is less, the first value can be 1; if the number of 0s in the seventh spreading sequence is less, the first value can be 0. As an example, the seventh spreading sequence can include 2 consecutive 1s and 42 consecutive -1s, 3 consecutive 1s and 41 consecutive -1s, and so on (the number of consecutive 1s is between 2 and 44). Alternatively, the seventh spreading sequence can include 2 consecutive -1s and 42 consecutive 1s, 3 consecutive -1s and 41 consecutive 1s, and so on (the number of consecutive -1s is between 2 and 44). Of course, the seventh spreading sequence can also be a spreading sequence obtained by cyclically shifting the above spreading sequences.

[0161] The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the transmission rate of the spreading sequences in the spreading sequence set. The transmission rate of the spreading sequence is associated with the transmission rate of the first signal before spreading and the length of the spreading sequence. For example, if the transmission rate of the first signal before spreading is Rb, and the length of the spreading sequence is n (the value of n can be referred to the description above), the transmission rate of the first signal is nRb. The transmission rate of the first signal before spreading is usually less than or equal to 1 Mbit per second (bps). For example, Rb can be 1 Mbps, 500 Kbps, 250 Kbps, 125 Kbps, 62.5 Kbps. Accordingly, the transmission rate of the first signal is less than or equal to n Mbps. For example, the transmission rate of the first signal can be n Mbps, 500n Kbps, 250n Kbps, 125n Kbps, 62.5n Kbps.

[0162] According to the DSSS capability of the 802.11 device provided in the related art, the transmission rate of the supported spread spectrum sequence is at most 11M. Therefore, the combination of Rb and n can be controlled so that nRb is less than or equal to 11M. Taking the value of Rb including 1Mbps, 500Kbps, 250Kbps, 125Kbps, 62.5Kbps and the value of n including 11, 22, 33, 44 as an example, if it is desired that the transmission rate of the spread spectrum sequence is not more than 11M, then when n=11, Rb=1Mbps, 500Kbps, 250Kbps, 125Kbps, 62.5Kbps; when n=22, Rb=500Kbps, 250Kbps, 125Kbps, 62.5Kbps; when n=33, Rb=250Kbps, 125Kbps, 62.5Kbps; and when n=44, Rb=250Kbps, 125Kbps, 62.5Kbps. Of course, if the DSSS capability of the 802.11 device is improved, then the combination mode of n and Rb can also be extended.

[0163] The bandwidth of the first signal (i.e., the bandwidth occupied by the spread spectrum signal) is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; wherein M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, the unit of M is MHz, n represents the length of the first spread spectrum sequence, and Rb represents the transmission rate of the signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal. Taking the value of Rb including 1Mbps, 500Kbps, 250Kbps, 125Kbps, 62.5Kbps and the value of n including 11, 22, 33, 44 as an example, then the bandwidth range occupied by the first signal in frequency is 2×11×62.5KHz-2×44×1MHz. In order to make the bandwidth of the first signal satisfy the requirement of 802.11 on bandwidth (such as not more than 20MHz), the combination mode of Rb and n can be limited.

[0164] The first spread spectrum sequence used for generating the first signal mentioned in the foregoing can be determined (or associated with) based on one or more of the following: the transmission rate of the first signal before spreading, the bandwidth (or bandwidth requirement) of the first signal. For example, before generating the first signal, the first spread spectrum sequence can be selected from the spread spectrum sequence set according to the bandwidth requirement of the first signal and the transmission rate of the first signal before spreading, so that the bandwidth of the first signal obtained after the first spread spectrum sequence spreading conforms to the bandwidth requirement.

[0165] The spreading sequence set is introduced in detail above. If all the spreading sequences corresponding to the symbols in the first signal are the same, the first signal will have more higher spurs in the frequency domain. 802.11 has a requirement for power, which stipulates that the power cannot exceed 10dbm / MHz. Limited by this requirement, more spurs are not conducive to improving the energy of signal transmission, thereby affecting coverage. Therefore, a certain frequency flattening method can be used to eliminate the spurs, so that the same frequency band can transmit as much energy as possible.

[0166] Specifically, the first signal can include one or more first symbols. If all the spreading sequences corresponding to the symbols in the first signal are the same, the waveforms of the one or more first symbols are the same, and then the first signal will have more spurs in the frequency domain. In order to eliminate the spurs, the waveforms of the one or more first symbols can be changed in a certain way, so that the waveforms of the one or more first symbols are not completely the same. For example, one or more second symbols can be generated based on the first spreading sequence, and then the one or more second symbols are randomly multiplied by 1 or -1 to determine the one or more first symbols. For another example, before the spreading generates the one or more first symbols, the first spreading sequence can be randomly cyclically shifted, thereby randomizing the phase information within each first symbol. For another example, one or more third symbols can be generated based on the first spreading sequence, and then the sampling points of the one or more third symbols are cyclically shifted to determine the one or more first symbols. Alternatively, the above-mentioned various ways can also be combined. For example, the first spreading sequence can be randomly cyclically shifted to generate the spreading sequence corresponding to one or more bits. Then, the one or more bits are spread based on the spreading sequence corresponding to the one or more bits to generate one or more second symbols. After obtaining the one or more second symbols, the one or more second symbols can be randomly multiplied by 1 or -1 to determine the one or more first symbols.

[0167] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with specific examples. The power supply signal or carrier signal mentioned below is the power supply signal or carrier signal of the AMP device. It should be noted that the examples below are only to help those skilled in the art to understand the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the specific values or specific scenarios exemplified. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or changes based on the examples given, and such modifications or changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0168] Example 1: directly using the sequence in 802.11b as the spreading sequence to generate the power supply signal or carrier signal

[0169] The example takes the rate Rb of the energizing signal or carrier signal as 1MHz. Because of the particularity of the energizing signal and the carrier signal, it appears as a continuous 1 in time domain and a pulse in frequency domain. The spreading sequence of 802.11b is [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1] or [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1]. After spreading the energizing signal or carrier signal with the spreading sequence, the rate of the spread signal is 11Rb, i.e. 11MHz. The spreading operation is equivalent to that a signal with a rate of Rb and a continuous 1 in time domain is re-sampled by 11 times and multiplied with a spreading sequence with a rate of 11Rb. The multiplication of the two signals in time domain is equivalent to the convolution of the two signals in frequency domain. The signal with a rate of Rb and a continuous 1 in time domain is a pulse in frequency domain. The bandwidth of the spreading sequence with a rate of 11Rb is 22Rb, i.e. 22MHz. After the convolution of the two signals in frequency domain, the bandwidth of the signal is expanded to 2nRb MHz. In the example, n is 11 and Rb is 1MHz, so the bandwidth of the expanded signal is 22MHz. The example takes the sampling rate as 22MHz, the spreading sequence as [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0] and spreads a signal with a rate of 1M and a length of 256 bits (a signal with a continuous 1 in time domain) to obtain the simulation result as shown in FIGS. 13-16. FIG. 13 describes the frequency spectrum of the spreading sequence. FIG. 14 describes the frequency spectrum of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading. FIG. 15 describes the frequency spectrum of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading. FIG. 16 describes the power spectral density of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading.

[0170] Rb can also be 500 KHz, 250 KHz, 125 KHz, 62.5 KHz, etc. and n can be 11, 22, 33, 44, etc. Different combinations of different Rb and different n can result in different bandwidths of the spread energy signal or carrier signal. According to the above analysis, the bandwidth of the spread energy signal or carrier signal is 2xnRb MHz, and according to the above range of Rb and n, the bandwidth of the spread energy signal or carrier signal ranges from 2xl lxl62.5 KHz to 2x44xl MHz. According to the DSSS capability of the 802.11 device, the highest rate of the spread sequence supported by the current 802.11 device is 11 M. Therefore, without exceeding the capability, when n is equal to 11, the rate Rb of the energy signal or carrier signal can be 1 Mbps, 500 Kbps, 250 Kbps, 125 Kbps, or 62.5 Kbps. When n is equal to 22, the rate Rb of the energy signal or carrier signal can be 500 Kbps, 250 Kbps, 125 Kbps, or 62.5 Kbps. When n is equal to 33, the rate Rb of the energy signal or carrier signal can be 250 Kbps, 125 Kbps, or 62.5 Kbps. When n is equal to 44, the rate Rb of the energy signal or carrier signal can be 250 Kbps, 125 Kbps, or 62.5 Kbps. Of course, if the DSSS capability of the 802.11 device is improved, n and Rb can be combined as desired.

[0171] Example 2: Generating the energy signal or carrier signal using a special-structure spread sequence

[0172] According to the analysis in Example 1, the bandwidth of the spread sequence after spreading is 2xnRb MHz. When Rb is 1 MHz and n is 11, 22, 33, 44, etc., the bandwidth is greater than or equal to 22 MHz. This bandwidth exceeds the bandwidth allowed by 802.11, so for this case, this example uses a special-structure spread sequence to generate the energy signal or carrier signal, so that the bandwidth of the energy signal or carrier signal generated by the DSSS sequence is as large as possible without violating the bandwidth limit of 802.11.

[0173] Taking a spread sequence with a length of 11 as an example. The structure of the spread sequence is as follows: [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. At this time, the rate of the spread sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of this spread sequence is The spreading of the power signal or carrier signal with the rate of Rb by the spreading sequence is equivalent to the spreading of the power signal or carrier signal with the rate of Rb by the spreading sequence with the rate of 11Rb. The point multiplication of the two signals in the time domain is equivalent to the convolution of the two signals in the frequency domain. The power signal or carrier signal with the rate of Rb is an impulse in the frequency spectrum, and the bandwidth of the spreading sequence is Therefore, the bandwidth of the spread power signal or carrier signal is 11Rb. Compared with the example 1, the bandwidth of the power signal or carrier signal generated by the spreading sequence with the special structure is narrowed. If Rb is large, for example, Rb = 1 Mbps, the bandwidth of the spreading sequence can be 11 MHz by the special structure. The bandwidth of 11 MHz is less than 20 MHz, which meets the bandwidth requirement of 802.11. Some simulation results are shown in FIGS. 17-20. FIG. 17 shows the frequency spectrum of the spreading sequence. FIG. 18 shows the frequency spectrum of the power signal or carrier signal before spreading. FIG. 19 shows the frequency spectrum of the power signal or carrier signal after spreading. FIG. 20 shows the power spectral density of the power signal or carrier signal after spreading.

[0174] In addition to the spreading sequence described above, the spreading sequence described below can also be used to adjust the bandwidth of the spread power signal or carrier signal.

[0175] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]. If the rate of the power signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the spread power signal or carrier signal is 2Rb.

[0176] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]. If the rate of the power signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the spread power signal or carrier signal is 2Rb.

[0177] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]. If the rate of the power signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the spread power signal or carrier signal is 2Rb.

[0178] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]. If the rate of the power signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the spread power signal or carrier signal is 2Rb.

[0179] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0180] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0181] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0182] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0183] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0184] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0185] For example, the spreading sequence is [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]. If the rate of the energizing signal or carrier signal before spreading is 1Rb, then the rate of the spreading sequence is 11Rb, and the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal after spreading is 22Rb / 4.

[0186] In addition, the new spreading sequence formed by cyclically shifting the above-mentioned spreading sequence can also be used to adjust the bandwidth of the energizing signal or carrier signal.

[0187] The above lists the spread spectrum sequence with length of 11. The length of the spread spectrum sequence can also be 22, 33, 44, etc. The construction idea of such sequences is similar to that of the spread spectrum sequence with length of 11. Some examples are given below.

[0188] For the spread spectrum sequence with length of 22, when Rb=500Kbps, a special structure of the spread spectrum sequence can be designed to make the bandwidth of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal less than or equal to 20MHz. The special structure of the spread spectrum sequence can be divided into two parts, one part is continuous 1, and the other part is continuous -1 (or, the spread spectrum sequence can form the above two parts after cyclic shift). According to the calculation formula of the bandwidth after spreading The value of m is between 2 and 22. If the number of 1 in the spread spectrum sequence is small, m represents the number of 1; if the number of -1 in the spread spectrum sequence is small, m represents the number of -1.

[0189] For example, the spread spectrum sequence can include 2 1 and 20 -1. Or, the spread spectrum sequence can include 2 -1 and 20 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0190] For example, the spread spectrum sequence can include 2 1 and 20 -1. Or, the spread spectrum sequence can include 2 -1 and 20 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0191] For the spread spectrum sequence with length of 44, when Rb=500Kbps, a special structure of the spread spectrum sequence can be designed to make the bandwidth of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal less than or equal to 20MHz. The special structure of the spread spectrum sequence can be divided into two parts, one part is continuous 1, and the other part is continuous -1 (or, the spread spectrum sequence can form the above two parts after cyclic shift). According to the calculation formula of the bandwidth after spreading The value of m is between 3 and 44. If the number of 1 in the spread spectrum sequence is small, m represents the number of 1; if the number of -1 in the spread spectrum sequence is small, m represents the number of -1.

[0192] For example, the spread spectrum sequence can include 3 1 and 41 -1. Or, the spread spectrum sequence can include 3 -1 and 41 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0193] For example, the spread spectrum sequence can include 3 1 and 41 -1. Or, the spread spectrum sequence can include 3 -1 and 41 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0194] For a spreading sequence with length of 22, when Rb=250Kbps, a special structure of spreading sequence can be designed so that the bandwidth of energy supply signal or carrier signal is less than or equal to 20MHz. The special structure of spreading sequence can be divided into two parts, one part is continuous 1 and the other part is continuous -1 (or, the spreading sequence can form the above two parts after cyclic shift). According to the calculation formula of bandwidth after spreading The value of m is between 1 and 22. If the number of 1 in the spreading sequence is small, m represents the number of 1; if the number of -1 in the spreading sequence is small, m represents the number of -1.

[0195] For example, the spreading sequence can include 1 1 and 21 -1. Or, the spreading sequence can include 1 -1 and 21 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0196] For example, the spreading sequence can include 1 1 and 21 -1. Or, the spreading sequence can include 1 -1 and 21 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0197] For a spreading sequence with length of 44, when Rb=250Kbps, a special structure of spreading sequence can be designed so that the bandwidth of energy supply signal or carrier signal is less than or equal to 20MHz. The special structure of spreading sequence can be divided into two parts, one part is continuous 1 and the other part is continuous -1 (or, the spreading sequence can form the above two parts after cyclic shift). According to the calculation formula of bandwidth after spreading The value of m is between 2 and 44. If the number of 1 in the spreading sequence is small, m represents the number of 1; if the number of -1 in the spreading sequence is small, m represents the number of -1.

[0198] For example, the spreading sequence can include 2 1 and 42 -1. Or, the spreading sequence can include 2 -1 and 42 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0199] For example, the spreading sequence can include 2 1 and 42 -1. Or, the spreading sequence can include 2 -1 and 42 1. The bandwidth of the signal after spreading is

[0200] Example 3: A method for frequency domain flattening

[0201] In the schemes of Example 1 and Example 2, since the spreading sequence in each symbol of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal is the same, more high spur can be generated. However, 802.11 stipulates that the power cannot exceed 10dbm / MHz. Under this limitation, if there are more spur in the energy supply signal or the carrier signal, it is not conducive to the energy transmission of the signal, and affects the coverage. Therefore, the present example proposes a frequency flattening method to eliminate the relevant spur. For example, 1 or -1 can be multiplied randomly for each symbol of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal, and a random cyclic shift is performed for the spreading sequence in each symbol, so as to randomize the phase information in each symbol. After removing the spur in the frequency spectrum, the same frequency band can transmit more energy.

[0202] The above three examples give a waveform generation method of the energy supply signal and the carrier signal of the AMP device. The method generates an energy supply signal or a carrier signal by constructing a special DSSS sequence. In this way, not only the DSSS capability of the 802.11 device can be utilized, but also the bandwidth of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal can be adjusted. For example, by constructing a special DSSS sequence, the bandwidth of the energy supply signal or the carrier signal can be maximized under the condition of meeting the 802.11 bandwidth limit requirement. In this way, under the condition of the same power spectral density, the energy supply signal and the carrier signal of the AMP device can transmit more energy, which is conducive to improving the coverage. In addition, because there is a limit to the power spectral density of the signal in 802.11, Example 3 also combines a frequency domain flattening method to ensure the flatness of the generated energy supply signal or carrier signal in the frequency domain, thereby helping to transmit more energy by using the carrier signal or the energy supply signal.

[0203] The method embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in combination with FIG. 1 to FIG. 22, and the device embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in combination with FIG. 23 to FIG. 25. It should be understood that the description of the method embodiments corresponds to the description of the device embodiments, and therefore, the parts not described in detail can be referred to the foregoing method embodiments.

[0204] FIG. 23 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2300 shown in FIG. 23 can be the first device mentioned above. The communication device 2300 can include a communication module 2310. The communication module 2310 is configured to transmit a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for a second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation of the second device; and wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

[0205] In some implementations, the length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than or equal to 11.

[0206] In some implementations, a length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is an integer multiple of 11.

[0207] In some implementations, a length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following: 11, 22, 33, 44.

[0208] In some implementations, a bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; where M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, n represents the length of the first spreading sequence, and Rb represents a transmission rate of a signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal.

[0209] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1].

[0210] In some implementations, a bandwidth of the first signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

[0211] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence; an all-1 sequence; an all- -1 sequence; a second spreading sequence including a first sequence portion and a second sequence portion, the first sequence portion including consecutive x bits each having a first value, and the second sequence portion including consecutive y bits each having a second value different from the first value, and a sum of x and y being equal to a length of the second spreading sequence; and a third spreading sequence including a first sequence portion, a second sequence portion, and a third sequence portion arranged in sequence, the first sequence portion including consecutive m bits each having the first value, the second sequence portion including consecutive n bits each having the second value different from the first value, and the third sequence portion including consecutive k bits each having the first value, and a sum of x, y, and z being equal to a length of the third spreading sequence.

[0212] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences includes spreading sequences of length 11, the spreading sequences of length 11 including one or more of: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1].

[0213] In some implementations, the first signal includes one or more first symbols, waveforms of the one or more first symbols are not exactly the same.

[0214] In some implementations, the one or more first symbols are determined by randomly multiplying one or more second symbols by 1 or -1, wherein the one or more second symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence; and / or a spreading sequence used to generate each of the one or more first symbols is determined by randomly cyclically shifting the first spreading sequence; and / or the one or more first symbols are determined by cyclically shifting sample points of one or more third symbols, wherein the one or more third symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence.

[0215] In some implementations, a transmission rate of the first signal before spreading is less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s.

[0216] In some implementations, a transmission rate of the first signal is one of: 1 Mbit / s, 500 Kbit / s, 250 Kbit / s, 125 Kbit / s, 62.5 Kbit / s.

[0217] In some implementations, the first spreading sequence is determined based on one or more of: a transmission rate of the first signal before spreading; a bandwidth of the first signal.

[0218] In some embodiments, the values of the bits in the first signal are all 1 or the first signal is a constant envelope signal.

[0219] In some embodiments, the second device is an AMP device.

[0220] In some embodiments, the spread spectrum sequences in the set of spread spectrum sequences are direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) sequences.

[0221] In some embodiments, the first signal is an energizing signal or a carrier signal.

[0222] In some embodiments, the first device is an AP or an AP-independent device.

[0223] FIG. 24 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2400 shown in FIG. 24 can be the second device mentioned above. The communication device 2400 can include a communication module 2410. The communication module 2410 is configured to receive a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to energize the second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation by the second device; and wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spread spectrum sequence in a set of spread spectrum sequences.

[0224] In some embodiments, the length of the spread spectrum sequences in the set of spread spectrum sequences is greater than or equal to 11.

[0225] In some embodiments, the length of the spread spectrum sequences in the set of spread spectrum sequences is an integer multiple of 11.

[0226] In some embodiments, the length of the spread spectrum sequences in the set of spread spectrum sequences includes one or more of the following: 11, 22, 33, 44.

[0227] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; wherein M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, n represents the length of the first spread spectrum sequence, and Rb represents the transmission rate of a signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal.

[0228] In some embodiments, the set of spread spectrum sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1].

[0229] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the first signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

[0230] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence; an all-1 sequence; an all- -1 sequence; a second spreading sequence including a first sequence portion and a second sequence portion, the first sequence portion including consecutive x bits each having a first value, the second sequence portion including consecutive y bits each having a second value different from the first value, and a sum of x and y being equal to a length of the second spreading sequence; a third spreading sequence including a first sequence portion, a second sequence portion, and a third sequence portion arranged in sequence, the first sequence portion including consecutive m bits each having the first value, the second sequence portion including consecutive n bits each having the second value different from the first value, the third sequence portion including consecutive k bits each having the first value, and a sum of x, y, and z being equal to a length of the third spreading sequence.

[0231] In some implementations, the set of spreading sequences includes a length-11 spreading sequence including one or more of the following: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1].

[0232] In some implementations, the first signal includes one or more first symbols, waveforms of the one or more first symbols not being completely identical.

[0233] In some embodiments, the one or more first symbols are determined by randomly multiplying one or more second symbols by 1 or -1, wherein the one or more second symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence; and / or a spreading sequence used for generating each of the one or more first symbols is determined by randomly cyclically shifting the first spreading sequence; and / or the one or more first symbols are determined by cyclically shifting one or more sampling points of one or more third symbols, wherein the one or more third symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence.

[0234] In some embodiments, a transmission rate of the first signal before spreading is less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s.

[0235] In some embodiments, the transmission rate of the first signal is one of: 1 Mbit / s, 500 Kbit / s, 250 Kbit / s, 125 Kbit / s, 62.5 Kbit / s.

[0236] In some embodiments, the first spreading sequence is determined based on one or more of: a transmission rate of the first signal before spreading; a bandwidth of the first signal.

[0237] In some embodiments, values of bits in the first signal are all 1 or the first signal is a constant envelope signal.

[0238] In some embodiments, the second device is an AMP device.

[0239] In some embodiments, the spreading sequences in the set of spreading sequences are direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) sequences.

[0240] In some embodiments, the first signal is a power supply signal or a carrier signal.

[0241] In some embodiments, the sending device of the first signal is an AP or a device independent of the AP.

[0242] FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. Dotted lines in FIG. 25 represent that the unit or module is optional. The apparatus 2500 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. The apparatus 2500 can be a chip, a terminal device, or a network device.

[0243] The apparatus 2500 can include one or more processors 2510. The processor 2510 can support the apparatus 2300 to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments. The processor 2510 can be a general purpose processor or a dedicated processor. For example, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor can also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor.

[0244] The apparatus 2500 can also include one or more memories 2520. The memory 2520 stores a program that can be executed by the processor 2510, so that the processor 2510 executes the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments. The memory 2520 can be independent of the processor 2510 or integrated in the processor 2510.

[0245] The apparatus 2500 can also include a transceiver 2530. The processor 2510 can communicate with other devices or chips through the transceiver 2530. For example, the processor 2510 can perform data transceiving with other devices or chips through the transceiver 2530.

[0246] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium for storing a program. The computer readable storage medium can be applied to the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the program causes the computer to execute the method performed by the communication device in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0247] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the program causes the computer to execute the method performed by the communication device in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0248] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program. The computer program can be applied to the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the method performed by the communication device in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0249] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" can be used interchangeably in this application. In addition, the terms used in this application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the application, and are not intended to limit the application. The terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" and the like in the specification and claims of the application and the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a particular order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0250] In embodiments of the present application, the term "indicate" can be direct indication or indirect indication, or can represent an associated relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that B can be obtained directly through A; or A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; or A and B have an associated relationship.

[0251] In embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A. However, it should also be understood that determining B according to A does not mean that B is determined only according to A, but B can also be determined according to A and / or other information.

[0252] In embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" can represent a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, or can represent an associated relationship between the two, or can represent an indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, and the like.

[0253] In embodiments of the present application, "predefined" or "preconfigured" can be achieved by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other information that can be used to indicate related information in devices (such as terminal devices and network devices), and the specific implementation of the present application is not limited. For example, predefinition can refer to definition in a protocol.

[0254] In embodiments of the present application, the "protocol" can refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, which can include LTE protocol, NR protocol and related protocols applied to future communication systems, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0255] In embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0256] In various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial number of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0257] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the above-described device embodiments is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner for actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, or between the different components, can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0258] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments.

[0259] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0260] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be read by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center and the like integrated with one or more available media sets. The available media can be magnetic media (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (for example, digital video disc (DVD)) or semiconductor media (for example, solid state disk (SSD)) and the like.

[0261] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: Comprising: a first device sending a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for a second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation by the second device; wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than or equal to 11.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is an integer multiple of 11.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following: 11, 22, 33, 44.

5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: a bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; wherein M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, n represents the length of the first spreading sequence, and Rb represents a transmission rate of a signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1].

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The bandwidth of the first signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence; an all-1 sequence; an all-1 sequence; a second spreading sequence, the second spreading sequence including a first sequence part and a second sequence part, the first sequence part including consecutive x bits, the second sequence part including consecutive y bits, the x bits all having a first value, the y bits all having a second value different from the first value, and a sum of x and y being equal to a length of the second spreading sequence; a third spreading sequence, the third spreading sequence including a first sequence part, a second sequence part, and a third sequence part arranged in sequence, the first sequence part including consecutive m bits, the second sequence part including consecutive n bits, the third sequence part including consecutive k bits, the m bits all having a first value, the n bits all having a second value different from the first value, the k bits all having the first value, and a sum of x, y, and z being equal to a length of the third spreading sequence.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The set of spreading sequences comprises spreading sequences of length 11, the spreading sequences of length 11 comprising one or more of: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1].

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The first signal comprises one or more first symbols, waveforms of the one or more first symbols are not all identical.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein: The one or more first symbols are determined by randomly multiplying one or more second symbols by 1 or -1, wherein the one or more second symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence; and / or A spreading sequence used to generate each of the one or more first symbols is determined by randomly cyclically shifting the first spreading sequence; and / or The one or more first symbols are determined by cyclically shifting sample points of one or more third symbols, wherein the one or more third symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first signal has a transmission rate before spreading of less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The first signal has a transmission rate of one of: 1 Mbit / s, 500 Kbit / s, 250 Kbit / s, 125 Kbit / s, 62.5 Kbit / s.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The first spreading sequence is determined based on one or more of: The first signal has a transmission rate before spreading of less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s. The first signal has a bandwidth of less than or equal to 1 MHz.

15. The method of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: values of bits in the first signal satisfy one of: all 1s, all -1s, a combination of 1s and -1s; or The first signal is a constant envelope signal.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The second device is an ambient energy AMP device.

17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The spreading sequences in the set of spreading sequences are direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) sequences.

18. The method of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein, The first signal is a power supply signal or a carrier signal.

19. The method of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein, The first device is an access point (AP) or an AP-independent device.

20. A method of communication, comprising: comprises: The second device receives the first signal; and The first signal is used to provide energy for the second device and / or for backscatter modulation by the second device. The first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than or equal to 11.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, The length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is an integer multiple of 11.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The length of the spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following: 11, 22, 33, 44.

24. The method of any one of claims 20-23, wherein: The bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, n represents the length of the first spreading sequence, and Rb represents the transmission rate of a signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal.

25. The method of any one of claims 20-24, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1].

26. The method of any one of claims 20-24, wherein, The bandwidth of the first signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

27. The method of any one of claims 20-24, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence; an all-1 sequence; an all-1 sequence; a second spreading sequence, the second spreading sequence including a first sequence part and a second sequence part, the first sequence part including consecutive x bits, the second sequence part including consecutive y bits, the x bits each having a first value, the y bits each having a second value different from the first value, and the sum of x and y being equal to the length of the second spreading sequence; a third spreading sequence, the third spreading sequence including a first sequence part, a second sequence part, and a third sequence part arranged in sequence, the first sequence part including consecutive m bits, the second sequence part including consecutive n bits, the third sequence part including consecutive k bits, the m bits each having a first value, the n bits each having a second value different from the first value, the k bits each having the first value, and the sum of x, y, and z being equal to the length of the third spreading sequence.

28. The method of any one of claims 20-24, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes a length-11 spreading sequence, and the length-11 spreading sequence includes one or more of the following: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1].

29. The method of any one of claims 20-28, wherein, The first signal includes one or more first symbols, and waveforms of the one or more first symbols are not completely identical.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein: The one or more first symbols are determined by randomly multiplying one or more second symbols by 1 or -1, wherein the one or more second symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence; and / or A spreading sequence used for generating each of the one or more first symbols is determined by randomly cyclically shifting the first spreading sequence; and / or The one or more first symbols are determined by cyclically shifting sampling points of one or more third symbols, wherein the one or more third symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence.

31. The method of any one of claims 20-30, wherein, The first signal has a transmission rate less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s before spreading.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein, The first signal has a transmission rate of one of the following: 1 Mbit / s, 500 Kbit / s, 250 Kbit / s, 125 Kbit / s, 62.5 Kbit / s.

33. The method of any one of claims 20-32, wherein, The first spreading sequence is determined based on one or more of the following: The transmission rate of the first signal before spreading; The bandwidth of the first signal.

34. The method of any one of claims 20-33, wherein, The values of bits in the first signal are all 1 or the first signal is a constant envelope signal.

35. The method of any one of claims 20-34, wherein, The second device is an ambient energy AMP device.

36. The method of any one of claims 20-35, wherein, The spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) sequence.

37. The method of any one of claims 20-36, wherein, The first signal is a power supply signal or a carrier signal.

38. The method of any one of claims 20-37, wherein, The sending device of the first signal is an access point (AP) or a device independent of the AP.

39. A communications device, characterized by The communication device is a first device, and the communication device includes: a communication module configured to send a first signal; wherein the first signal is used to provide energy for a second device and / or is used for backscatter modulation of the second device; wherein the first signal is generated based on a first spreading sequence in a set of spreading sequences.

40. The communication device of claim 39, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than or equal to 11.

41. The communication device of claim 40, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is an integer multiple of 11.

42. The communications device of claim 41, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following: 11, 22, 33, 44.

43. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 42, wherein: A bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; wherein M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, n represents the length of the first spreading sequence, and Rb represents a transmission rate of a signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal.

44. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1].

45. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein, A bandwidth of the first signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

46. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence; an all-1 sequence; an all- -1 sequence; a second spreading sequence, the second spreading sequence including a first sequence portion and a second sequence portion, the first sequence portion including consecutive x bits, the second sequence portion including consecutive y bits, the x bits each having a first value, the y bits each having a second value different from the first value, and a sum of x and y being equal to a length of the second spreading sequence; a third spreading sequence, the third spreading sequence including a first sequence portion, a second sequence portion, and a third sequence portion arranged in sequence, the first sequence portion including consecutive m bits, the second sequence portion including consecutive n bits, the third sequence portion including consecutive k bits, the m bits each having a first value, the n bits each having a second value different from the first value, the k bits each having the first value, and a sum of x, y, and z being equal to a length of the third spreading sequence. ​ 47. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein, The spread spectrum sequence set includes spread spectrum sequences of length 11, which include one or more of the following: [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1] -1],[1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[-1, ...

48. The communication device according to any one of claims 39 to 47, wherein, The first signal includes one or more first symbols, and the waveforms of the one or more first symbols are not exactly the same.

49. The communication device according to claim 48, characterized in that: The one or more first symbols are determined by randomly multiplying one or more second symbols by 1 or -1, wherein the one or more second symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence; and / or The spreading sequence used to generate each of the one or more first symbols is determined by randomly cyclically shifting the first spreading sequence; and / or The one or more first symbols are determined by cyclically shifting the sampling points of one or more third symbols, wherein the one or more third symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence.

50. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 49, wherein, The transmission rate of the first signal before spread spectrum is less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s.

51. The communication device of claim 50, wherein, The transmission rate of the first signal is one of the following: 1 Mbit / s, 500 Kbit / s, 250 Kbit / s, 125 Kbit / s, or 62.5 Kbit / s.

52. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 51, wherein, The first spreading sequence is determined based on one or more of the following: The transmission rate of the first signal before spread spectrum; The bandwidth of the first signal.

53. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 52, wherein, The first signal has all bits set to 1 or is a constant envelope signal.

54. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 53, wherein, The second device is an environmental energy AMP device.

55. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 54, wherein, The spreading sequences in the spread spectrum sequence set are direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) sequences.

56. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 55, wherein, The first signal is a power supply signal or a carrier signal.

57. The communication device of any one of claims 39 to 56, wherein, The first device is an access point (AP) or a device independent of an AP.

58. A communications device, characterized by The communication device is a second device, and the communication device includes: The communication module is used to receive the first signal; The first signal is used to provide power to the second device and / or to perform backscatter modulation on the second device; The first signal is generated based on the first spreading sequence in the spreading sequence set.

59. The communication device of claim 58, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than or equal to 11.

60. The communication device of claim 59, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences is an integer multiple of 11.

61. The communications device of claim 60, wherein, A length of a spreading sequence in the set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following: 11, 22, 33, 44.

62. The communication device of any one of claims 58-61, wherein: A bandwidth of the first signal satisfies: M≤2×n×Rb MHz; wherein M represents the bandwidth of the first signal, n represents the length of the first spreading sequence, and Rb represents a transmission rate of a signal before spreading corresponding to the first signal.

63. The communication device of any one of claims 58-62, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], [1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1].

64. The communication device of any one of claims 58-62, wherein, A bandwidth of the first signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

65. The communication device of any one of claims 58-62, wherein, The set of spreading sequences includes one or more of the following sequences: an all-0 sequence; an all-1 sequence; an all- -1 sequence; a second spreading sequence, the second spreading sequence including a first sequence portion and a second sequence portion, the first sequence portion including consecutive x bits, the second sequence portion including consecutive y bits, the x bits each having a first value, the y bits each having a second value different from the first value, and a sum of x and y being equal to a length of the second spreading sequence; a third spreading sequence, the third spreading sequence including a first sequence portion, a second sequence portion, and a third sequence portion arranged in sequence, the first sequence portion including consecutive m bits, the second sequence portion including consecutive n bits, the third sequence portion including consecutive k bits, the m bits each having a first value, the n bits each having a second value different from the first value, the k bits each having the first value, and a sum of x, y, and z being equal to a length of the third spreading sequence.

66. The communication device of any one of claims 58-62, wherein, The spread spectrum sequence set includes spread spectrum sequences of length 11, which include one or more of the following: [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1] -1],[1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1],[-1, ...

67. The communication device of any one of claims 58-66, wherein, The first signal includes one or more first symbols, and the waveforms of the one or more first symbols are not exactly the same.

68. The communication device according to claim 67, characterized in that: The one or more first symbols are determined by randomly multiplying one or more second symbols by 1 or -1, wherein the one or more second symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence; and / or The spreading sequence used to generate each of the one or more first symbols is determined by randomly cyclically shifting the first spreading sequence; and / or The one or more first symbols are determined by cyclically shifting the sampling points of one or more third symbols, wherein the one or more third symbols are generated based on the first spreading sequence.

69. The communication device of any one of claims 58-68, wherein, The transmission rate of the first signal before spread spectrum is less than or equal to 1 Mbit / s.

70. The communication device of claim 69, wherein, The transmission rate of the first signal is one of the following: 1 Mbit / s, 500 Kbit / s, 250 Kbit / s, 125 Kbit / s, or 62.5 Kbit / s.

71. The communication device of any one of claims 58-70, wherein, The first spreading sequence is determined based on one or more of the following: The transmission rate of the first signal before spread spectrum; The bandwidth of the first signal.

72. The communication device of any one of claims 58-71, wherein, The first signal has all bits set to 1 or is a constant envelope signal.

73. The communication device of any one of claims 58-72, wherein, The second device is an environmental energy AMP device.

74. The communication device of any one of claims 58-73, wherein, The spreading sequences in the spread spectrum sequence set are direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) sequences.

75. The communication device of any one of claims 58-74, wherein, The first signal is a power supply signal or a carrier signal.

76. The communication device of any one of claims 58-75, wherein, The device transmitting the first signal is an access point (AP) or a device independent of the AP.

77. A communications device, characterized by The device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program in the memory and controls the transceiver to receive or transmit signals so that the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 38.

78. An apparatus, comprising: comprising a processor to call a program from a memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 38.

79. A chip, comprising: comprising a processor to call a program from a memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 38.

80. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, having stored thereon a program which causes a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 38.

81. A computer program product, characterised in that, comprising a program which causes a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 38.

82. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program causes a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 38. The computer program causes a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 38.

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