Semantic communication method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are a semantic communication method and apparatus, and a storage medium. In the present disclosure, a first communication device performs resource allocation on the basis of first information, which is used for indicating a quality-of-service parameter of semantic communication, so as to ensure that an allocated resource can meet the quality-of-service requirements of semantic communication, thereby improving the resource allocation effect of a semantic communication process.

Description

Semantic communication method and device, and storage medium TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication, and in particular, to a semantic communication method and device, and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous growth of intelligent service demand, the 6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (6G) wireless network will change from an architecture focusing on high transmission rate to a new architecture based on intelligent connection of all things, and semantic communication, as a communication technology that can integrate user demand and application service information into data transmission and processing, will become the core paradigm of 6G. Unlike traditional communication, which focuses on data-oriented performance indicators, semantic communication also needs to focus on indicators related to services, targets, and semantics.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the resource allocation effect of the semantic communication process, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a semantic communication method and device, and storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a semantic communication method is provided, applied to a first communication device, and the method comprises: performing resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a semantic communication method is provided, applied to a second communication device, and the method comprises: sending first information to a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, and the first information also being used for the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first communication device is provided, comprising: a processing module configured to perform resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a second communication device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to send first information to a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, and the first information also being used for the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first communication device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method according to the first aspect described above.

[0010] According to a sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a second communication device is provided, comprising one or more processors; wherein the second communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method according to the second aspect.

[0011] According to a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, comprising a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method according to the first aspect, and the second communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method according to the second aspect.

[0012] According to an eighth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided, which stores instructions, when the instructions are run on a communication device, causing the communication device to perform the semantic communication method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0013] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, by sending the first information by the second communication device to the first communication device, the first information is used to indicate the quality of service parameter of the semantic communication, and the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the first information, so as to ensure that the allocated resources can meet the quality of service requirement of the semantic communication, and improve the resource allocation effect of the semantic communication process.

[0014] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure together with the specification.

[0016] FIG. 1 is an architecture schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 2 is an interaction schematic diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 3A is a flow schematic diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 3B is a flow schematic diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 3C is a flow schematic diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 4A is a structural schematic diagram of a first communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 4B is a structural schematic diagram of a second communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 5A is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device 5100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 5B is a structural schematic diagram of a chip 5200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, unless otherwise indicated, like numbers in the drawings indicate contact or similar elements. The following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but rather, just to illustrate some embodiments consistent with the present disclosure.

[0026] The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0027] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used herein to describe various messages, these messages should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one message from another message. For example, a first message can also be termed a second message, and, similarly, a second message can also be termed a first message, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Depending on the context, the word "if' as used herein can be interpreted as meaning "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to ascertaining."

[0028] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a semantic communication method and apparatus, and a storage medium.

[0029] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a semantic communication method, applied to a first communication device, the method comprising: performing resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0030] In the above embodiment, by performing resource allocation based on first information by the first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, it is ensured that the allocated resources can meet the quality of service requirement of semantic communication, and the resource allocation effect of the semantic communication process is improved.

[0031] In some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of: a resource type; a semantic freshness, the semantic freshness being used to indicate a degree of staleness of the semantic information; a semantic importance, the semantic importance being used to indicate a relevance of the semantic information to a semantic communication process; a reliability; an average window; a maximum burst size of the semantic information.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the multiple optional information types included in the first information are provided, so that the specific information included in the first information can be configured as needed, the flexibility and diversity of the information content of the first information are improved, and the flexibility of the resource allocation process is improved.

[0033] In some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the resource type comprises at least one of: a guaranteed semantic information transmission rate GSR; a non-guaranteed semantic information transmission rate Non-GSR; a real-time critical guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0034] In the above embodiments, multiple optional resource types are provided, so that the indication of multiple resource types can be implemented through the first information, so that the first communication device can implement resource allocation according to the resource type indicated by the first information, and the resource allocation effect is improved.

[0035] In some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the reliability is determined based on at least one of: a semantic accuracy; a completion degree of a semantic communication task.

[0036] In the above embodiments, multiple optional information for determining the reliability is provided, so that the determination of the reliability can be implemented in multiple ways, the flexibility and diversity of the reliability determination method are improved, and the knowledge of the reliability determined in multiple ways can be implemented through the first information, so that the first communication device can implement resource allocation according to the resource type indicated by the first information, and the resource allocation effect is improved.

[0037] In some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is specific to a data modality of the semantic communication.

[0038] In the above embodiments, the evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is configured to be specific to a data modality of the semantic communication, so that the semantic accuracy evaluation of the semantic information of different data modalities can be implemented based on different evaluation parameters, and the accuracy of the semantic accuracy evaluation result is improved.

[0039] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the data modality comprises at least one of: an image; a text; an audio; a video; a configuration parameter; a measurement parameter.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the multiple optional data modalities are provided, so that the corresponding semantic accuracy evaluation parameters can be configured for the multiple data modalities, thereby the semantic accuracy evaluation of the semantic information of the multiple data modalities can be implemented based on the configured evaluation parameters, and the generalization of the semantic accuracy evaluation process is improved.

[0041] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the average window is used for counting the guaranteed semantic information rate of the GSR, and / or, the average window is used for counting the maximum semantic information rate of the GSR.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the multiple optional uses of the average window are provided, so that the indication of the average window for the multiple uses can be implemented by the first information, thereby the first communication device can implement the resource allocation according to the average window indicated by the first information, and the resource allocation effect is improved.

[0043] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the maximum semantic information burst quantity is used for indicating the maximum semantic information data quantity that needs to be transmitted within the first time for the real-time key guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the maximum semantic information burst quantity is used for indicating the maximum semantic information data quantity that needs to be transmitted within the first time for the real-time key guaranteed semantic information transmission rate, so that the first communication device can implement the resource allocation according to the maximum semantic information burst quantity indicated by the first information, and the resource allocation effect is improved.

[0045] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first time is determined based on semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on a packet delay budget PDB.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the multiple optional implementation manners for determining the first time are provided, so as to improve the flexibility and diversity of the first time determination manner, and the maximum semantic information data quantity that needs to be transmitted within the first time determined by multiple manners can be indicated by the maximum semantic information burst quantity.

[0047] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer includes at least one of the following: a semantic information flow; a semantic information block; a semantic information packet; a semantic session.

[0048] In the above embodiments, by configuring the first information to be associated with the at least one semantic bearer, so that the indication of the semantic communication quality of service parameter of the at least one semantic information bearer can be implemented through the first information, the flexibility and diversity of the indication content of the first information are improved. In addition, a plurality of optional semantic information bearer types are provided, so that the indication of the semantic communication quality of service parameter of a plurality of semantic information bearers can be implemented through the first information, and the flexibility and diversity of the indication content of the first information are further improved.

[0049] With reference to some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving the first information sent by the second communication device.

[0050] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation of the first communication device obtaining the first information is provided, that is, the first information is sent by the second communication device to the first communication device, so that the first communication device can obtain the first information by receiving the first information sent by the second communication device, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent resource allocation process.

[0051] With reference to some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device includes at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a first network device configured to perform resource allocation according to the first information.

[0052] In the above embodiments, a plurality of optional device roles of the first communication device are provided, so that the resource allocation based on the first information can be implemented through the first communication device with the plurality of roles, and the flexibility of the resource allocation process is improved.

[0053] With reference to some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second communication device includes at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a second network device configured to determine the first information.

[0054] In the above embodiments, a plurality of optional device roles of the second communication device are provided, so that the first information can be provided for the first communication device through the second communication device with the plurality of roles, the flexibility of the first information obtaining process is improved, and the first communication device can implement resource allocation based on the first information provided by the second communication device with the plurality of roles, and the flexibility of the resource allocation process is improved.

[0055] With reference to some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the first communication device and the second communication device are provided in multiple optional device types, so that the resource allocation process provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented through multiple types of first communication devices and second communication devices, improving the flexibility of the resource allocation process.

[0057] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is determined by at least one of the following: a quality of service identifier; a quality of service parameter.

[0058] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementation manners of determining the first information are provided, so that the indication and determination of the first information can be implemented in multiple manners, improving the flexibility and diversity of the first information configuration process.

[0059] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter; wherein the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed upon by a protocol, or the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is preconfigured.

[0060] In the above embodiments, the quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter, so that the determination and indication of the at least one quality of service parameter can be implemented through the quality of service identifier. In addition, multiple optional implementation manners of configuring the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter are provided, improving the flexibility and diversity of the configuration manner of the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter.

[0061] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is provided with a default value, and the method further comprises: for at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained, performing resource allocation based on the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained.

[0062] In the above embodiments, the quality of service parameter is provided with a default value, so that for at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained, resource allocation can be implemented based on the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter, ensuring the smooth progress of the resource allocation process.

[0063] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a semantic communication method applied to a second communication device, the method comprising: sending first information to a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, and the first information also being used for the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

[0064] In the above embodiments, by sending the first information from the second communication device to the first communication device, the first information is used to indicate a quality of service parameter of the semantic communication, and the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the first information to ensure that the allocated resources can meet the quality of service requirement of the semantic communication, thereby improving the resource allocation effect of the semantic communication process.

[0065] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of: a resource type; a semantic freshness, the semantic freshness being used to indicate an out-of-date degree of the semantic information; a semantic importance, the semantic importance being used to indicate a relevance of the semantic information to the semantic communication process; a reliability; an average window; a maximum burst of semantic information.

[0066] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the resource type comprises at least one of: a GSR; a non-GSR; a real-time critical guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0067] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the reliability is determined based on at least one of: a semantic accuracy; a completion degree of the semantic communication task.

[0068] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is specific to a data modality of the semantic communication.

[0069] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the data modality comprises at least one of: an image; a text; an audio; a video; a configuration parameter; a measurement parameter.

[0070] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the average window is used to count a GSR guaranteed semantic information rate, and / or, the average window is used to count a maximum GSR semantic information rate.

[0071] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the maximum burst of semantic information is used to indicate a maximum semantic information data amount that needs to be transmitted within a first time for the real-time critical guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0072] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first time is determined based on the semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on a PDB.

[0073] In some embodiments in combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer comprises at least one of: a semantic information flow; a semantic information block; a semantic information packet; a semantic session.

[0074] In some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a first network device configured to perform resource allocation according to the first information.

[0075] In some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a second network device configured to determine the first information.

[0076] In some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

[0077] In some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is determined by at least one of: a quality of service identifier; a quality of service parameter.

[0078] In some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter; wherein the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed by a protocol, or the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is pre-configured.

[0079] In some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is set with a default value, and for at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained, the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained is used by the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

[0080] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a first communication device, comprising: a processing module configured to perform resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0081] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a second communication device, comprising: a transceiver module configured to send first information to a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, and the first information also being used by the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

[0082] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a first communication device, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method of the first aspect.

[0083] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a second communication device, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the second communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method according to the second aspect.

[0084] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, comprising a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method according to the first aspect, and the second communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method according to the second aspect.

[0085] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a storage medium, which stores instructions, when the instructions are executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the semantic communication method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0086] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a program product, when the program product is executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the semantic communication method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0087] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program, when the computer program is executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the semantic communication method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0088] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a chip or a chip system. The chip or the chip system comprises processing circuitry configured to perform the semantic communication method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0089] It can be understood that the first communication device, the second communication device, the communication system, the storage medium, the program product, the computer program, the chip or the chip system are all used to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects achieved by them can refer to the beneficial effects in the corresponding method, which will not be described here.

[0090] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a semantic communication method and device, a storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms of semantic communication method, information processing method, communication method, semantic communication resource allocation method, etc. can be replaced with each other, and the terms of semantic communication device, information processing device, communication device, semantic communication resource allocation device, etc. can be replaced with each other, and the terms of information processing system, communication system, etc. can be replaced with each other.

[0091] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive, but only illustrate some embodiments, and are not specific limitations on the protection scope of the present disclosure. In the case of no contradiction, each step in an embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be combined arbitrarily, for example, the scheme after removing part of the steps in an embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in an embodiment can be exchanged arbitrarily, in addition, the optional implementation manners in an embodiment can be combined arbitrarily; in addition, the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, for example, part or all steps of different embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, an embodiment can be combined with optional implementation manners of other embodiments arbitrarily.

[0092] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent if there is no special description and logical conflict, and can be referred to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0093] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and not as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the elements expressed in singular form, such as "one", "a", "the", "above", "said", "preceding", "this" and the like, can represent "one and only one", and can also represent "one or more", "at least one" and the like. For example, in the case of using articles such as "a", "an", "the" and the like in English, the noun after the article can be understood as singular expression, and can also be understood as plural expression.

[0095] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0096] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one of", "one or more", "a plurality of", "multiple" and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0097] In some embodiments, "at least one of A, B", "A and / or B", "in one case A, in another case B", "responsive to case A, responsive to case B" and the like, can be interpreted to include both cases, A and B, in some embodiments, A (A is performed regardless of B), in some embodiments, B (B is performed regardless of A), in some embodiments, selected from the group consisting of A and B (the selection between A and B is an option), in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are performed).

[0098] In some embodiments, "A or B" and the like, can be interpreted to include both cases, A and B, in some embodiments, A (A is performed regardless of B), in some embodiments, B (B is performed regardless of A), in some embodiments, selected from the group consisting of A and B (the selection between A and B is an option).

[0099] In some embodiments, the prefix words "first", "second", and the like, are used only to distinguish different description objects, and do not limit the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the description objects, and the description objects are described in the claims or embodiments according to the context, and should not be construed as redundant limitations because of the use of prefix words. For example, the description object is "field", and the ordinal words before "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not limit the position or order between "fields", and "first" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" modified by them are in the same message or not, nor limit the order of "first field" and "second field". For another example, the description object is "level", and the ordinal words before "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not limit the priority between "levels". For another example, the quantity of the description object is not limited by the ordinal words, and can be one or more, for example, "first device", where the quantity of "device" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefix words can be the same or different, for example, the description object is "device", and "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for another example, the description object is "information", and "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0100] In some embodiments, "including A", "containing A", "for indicating A", "carrying A", can be interpreted as directly carrying A, or indirectly indicating A.

[0101] In some embodiments, the terms "in response to", "in response to determining", "in the case of", "when", "when", "if", "if" and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0102] In some embodiments, the terms "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "higher than", "higher than or equal to", "not lower than", "above", and the like can be replaced with each other, and the terms "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "fewer than", "fewer than or equal to", "not more than", "lower than", "lower than or equal to", "not higher than", "below", and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0103] In some embodiments, the apparatuses and devices can be interpreted as entities, and can also be interpreted as virtual, and the names thereof are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and in some cases can also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "subject", and the like.

[0104] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as an apparatus included in the network, for example, an access network device, a core network device, and the like.

[0105] In some embodiments, an “access network device (AN device)” can also be referred to as a “radio access network device (RAN device),” a “base station (BS),” a “radio base station,” a “fixed station,” and in some embodiments can also be understood as a “node,” an “access point,” a “transmission point (TP),” a “reception point (RP),” a “transmission / reception point (TRP),” a “panel,” an “antenna panel,” an “antenna array,” a “cell,” a “macro cell,” a “small cell,” a “femto cell,” a “pico cell,” a “sector,” a “cell group,” a “serving cell,” a “carrier,” a “component carrier,” a “bandwidth part (BWP),” and the like.

[0106] In some embodiments, a "terminal" or "terminal device" can be referred to as a "user equipment" (UE), a "user terminal," a "mobile station" (MS), a "mobile terminal" (MT), a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, and / or the like.

[0107] In some embodiments, data, information and / or the like can be obtained in compliance with laws and regulations of a country where a location is situated.

[0108] In some embodiments, data, information and / or the like can be obtained after a user's consent is obtained.

[0109] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in a table of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and a combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0110] FIG. 1 is an architecture schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system 100 includes a first communication device 101 and a second communication device 102.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first communication device 101 includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device, a core network device, and a server.

[0112] In some embodiments, the second communication device 102 includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device, a core network device, and a server.

[0113] In some embodiments, the terminal device includes at least one of a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a communication-capable automobile, a smart automobile, a tablet computer (Pad), a wireless transceiver-equipped computer, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, a wireless terminal device in a smart home, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0114] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network, and can include at least one of an evolved NodeB (eNB) in a 5G communication system, a next generation eNB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved node B (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an Open RAN, a Cloud RAN, a base station in other communication systems, an access node in a Wi-Fi system, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0115] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be applicable to an Open RAN architecture, at this time, the interfaces between or within the access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can become internal interfaces of the Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0116] In some embodiments, the access network device can be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be referred to as a control unit. The CU-DU structure can split the protocol layers of the access network device, and some of the protocol layers are controlled by the CU, and the rest or all of the protocol layers are distributed in the DU and controlled by the CU, but not limited thereto.

[0117] In some embodiments, the core network device can be one device including multiple network elements, etc., or can be multiple devices or device groups, each including all or part of multiple network elements. The network element can be virtual or physical. The core network includes at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G core network (5GCN), a 6G core network (6GCN), and a next generation core (NGC), for example.

[0118] In some embodiments, the core network device can include a first network element, which is an access and mobility management function (AMF) node, for example.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first network element is used for access management and mobility management of users, but is not limited thereto.

[0120] In some embodiments, the core network device can include a second network element, which is an application function (AF) node, for example.

[0121] In some embodiments, the second network element is used to support applications or services running on the edge of the network or devices, such as video streaming, voice calls, messaging, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0122] In some embodiments, the core network device can include a third network element, which is a user plane function (UPF), for example.

[0123] In some embodiments, the third network element is configured to perform data forwarding, traffic statistics, Quality of Service (QoS) management, etc. for a user plane, but is not limited thereto.

[0124] In some embodiments, the core network device can include a fourth network element, e.g., a Policy Control Function (PCF).

[0125] In some embodiments, the fourth network element is configured to implement control policy management for a user, including but not limited to control of QoS, service access control, etc.

[0126] In some embodiments, the core network device can include a fifth network element, e.g., a Unified Data Management (UDM).

[0127] In some embodiments, the fifth network element is configured to implement subscription data management, roaming control, etc. for a user, but is not limited thereto.

[0128] In some embodiments, the core network device can include a sixth network element, e.g., an Authentication Server Function (AUSF).

[0129] In some embodiments, the sixth network element is configured to implement user identity authentication, but is not limited thereto.

[0130] In some embodiments, each of the above network elements can be independent of the core network device.

[0131] In some embodiments, each of the above network elements can be part of the core network device.

[0132] In some embodiments, the server can be a service device or a computing platform, capable of providing data processing and storage services for managing, processing and storing related business data. Optionally, the server can also provide other possible functions, including but not limited to user interface, data visualization, remote access, integration of third-party services or applications, etc. Optionally, the server can be a physical server or a virtual server, which can be located locally (e.g., in a smart home system) or in the cloud.

[0133] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiments of the present disclosure is for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed by the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of system architecture and the appearance of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed by the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0134] The following embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 or part of the subjects, but are not limited thereto. The subjects shown in FIG. 1 are illustrative, and the communication system can include all or part of the subjects in FIG. 1, or other subjects other than FIG. 1, the number and form of the subjects are arbitrary, each subject can be real or virtual, the connection relationship between the subjects is illustrative, the subjects can not be connected or can be connected, the connection can be in any way, can be direct connection or indirect connection, can be wired connection or wireless connection.

[0135] Embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (Bluetooth (registered trademark)), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) network, Device-to-Device (D2D) system, Machine to Machine (M2M) system, Internet of Things (IoT) system, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), system using other communication methods, next-generation system expanded based on them, and the like. In addition, a plurality of systems can be combined (for example, combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G, and the like).

[0136] In some embodiments, quality of service (QoS) refers to the performance characteristics of a network or service experienced by a user. In the 5G environment, QoS encompasses a range of factors, including reliability, availability, latency, throughput, and traffic priority. These aspects play a crucial role in providing a good user experience and meeting the demands of various applications.

[0137] In some embodiments, QoS in the 5G core network is determined by QoS flows, which include Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR), Non-GBR, and reflective QoS for dynamic configuration. Optionally, these QoS flows can be used to define specific quality parameters that can be applied to user plane traffic.

[0138] In some embodiments, GBR refers to the minimum bit rate that the network must guarantee to provide to a particular service or application at any given point in time. This is a form of quality of service guarantee that ensures critical applications or services have sufficient bandwidth and transmission rate in the network.

[0139] In some embodiments, GBR can be used in various application scenarios such as real-time services, critical task applications, high-priority data flows, etc. Among them, real-time services include but are not limited to video conferencing, online gaming, remote medical treatment, etc. Applications that require stable bandwidth and low latency; critical task applications include but are not limited to industrial automation, intelligent transportation systems, etc. Applications that have strict requirements for the continuity and reliability of data transmission; high-priority data flow is a data flow that needs to be processed first, such as the transmission of emergency communication or high-value content, etc.

[0140] In some embodiments, non-GBR refers to data flows or services that do not provide bandwidth guarantees. Such services may be limited or slowed down during network congestion, but can obtain better quality of service when network resources are sufficient.

[0141] In some embodiments, non-GBR can be used in various application scenarios such as non-real-time services, background tasks, low-priority traffic, etc. Among them, non-real-time services include but are not limited to email, file download, video on demand, etc. Services that do not require real-time transmission; background tasks include but are not limited to data backup, software update, etc. Tasks that can run in the background; low-priority traffic refers to data flows that are not very important, and non-GBR services can be used to save bandwidth resources.

[0142] In some embodiments, each QoS flow in the 5G core network is identified by a Quality of Service Flow Identifier (QoS Flow ID, QFI). QFI is a unique identifier for a specific QoS flow, allowing precise management and control of traffic according to its specific quality requirements.

[0143] In some embodiments, a key aspect of quality of service in the 5G core network is the characterization of QoS parameters (i.e. QoS flow characteristics). These parameters define the specific requirements and guarantees of a given QoS profile.

[0144] In some embodiments, the QoS profile can be provided by a Session Management Function (SMF) to a Radio Access Network (RAN) through an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) over the N2 reference point, or pre-configured directly in the RAN.

[0145] In some embodiments, one or more QoS rules can be defined in the QoS profile, along with the option to associate QoS flow level QoS parameters with these rules. The QoS rules can be responsible for specifying the specific behavior and treatment of user plane traffic according to respective QoS requirements. By associating QoS flow level QoS parameters with these rules, further granularity and customization can be achieved, ensuring the quality and performance of each flow within the network.

[0146] In some embodiments, in order to implement and enforce the defined QoS rules and parameters, one or more uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) Packet Detection Rules (PDRs) can be provided by a Session Management Function (SMF) to a User Plane Function (UPF). These PDRs can serve as guidelines for the UPF to handle user plane traffic, ensuring that the required QoS guarantees are met. The UL and DL PDRs play a crucial role in ensuring efficient traffic management throughout the network.

[0147] In some embodiments, the QoS profile in the 5G core network can contain specific QoS parameters for each QoS flow. These parameters can be used to ensure that the network is able to provide the necessary service levels and meet the QoS requirements of different flows.

[0148] In some embodiments, the QoS profile for each QoS flow can contain two basic QoS parameters, namely Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP) and 5G QoS Identifier (5G QoS ID, 5QI). The ARP can be used to determine the priority assigned to the QoS flow, enabling the network to allocate resources accordingly; the 5QI can be used to represent the specific QoS class assigned to the flow, defining the quality characteristics and service level agreements associated with it.

[0149] In some embodiments, for non-GBR QoS flows, an additional QoS parameter called Reflective Quality of Service Attribute (RQA) can be included in the QoS profile. RQA can be used to provide more information about the dynamic configuration requirements of the non-GBR QoS flow, allowing the network to adjust its behavior accordingly.

[0150] In some embodiments, for GBR QoS flows, the QoS profile needs to include specific QoS parameters, including Guaranteed Flow Bit Rate (GFBR) for both uplink and downlink, which ensures the minimum guaranteed bit rate for the flow. In addition, Maximum Flow Bit Rate (MFBR) for both uplink and downlink defines the upper limit of the flow bit rate. Optionally, for GBR QoS flows, the QoS profile can also include various optional parameters, such as, but not limited to, notification control, maximum packet loss rate for UL, maximum packet loss rate for DL, etc., to provide additional control for GBR flows and define acceptable packet loss levels.

[0151] In some embodiments, ARP parameters can have multiple uses. Optionally, ARP parameters can allow the network to make decisions to accept or reject QoS flow establishment, modification, or switching requests, especially in the presence of resource limitations. By considering the ARP level of the requested flow, the network can determine whether it can meet the resource requirements of the flow or whether it needs to reject the requested flow due to resource limitations. In addition, ARP can also be used to determine the priority of which QoS flows to release during resource constraints and release resources, thereby effectively managing resource allocation in a dynamic manner.

[0152] In some embodiments, the ARP priority assigned to a QoS flow can be used to define the relative importance of the QoS flow in the network. The ARP priority can range from 1 to 15, with 1 being the highest priority. By making fine priority divisions, the network is able to distinguish between different flows and allocate resources accordingly according to their designated priorities. By assigning a specific ARP priority to a QoS flow, the network can ensure that higher priority flows are given priority processing and resource allocation.

[0153] In some embodiments, ARP pre-emption capability is another aspect of ARP parameter determination. ARP pre-emption capability can be used to define whether a QoS flow can obtain resources previously allocated to another QoS flow with a lower ARP priority. In the event that resources become scarce, QoS flows with higher priority can need to pre-empt resources of lower priority flows to meet their demands. ARP pre-emption capability allows the network to make informed decisions on resource reallocation and ensures that flows with higher priority can obtain necessary resources even if they were initially allocated to lower priority flows.

[0154] In some embodiments, ARP pre-emption vulnerability refers to the likelihood that a QoS flow can lose its allocated resources to accommodate a QoS flow with a higher ARP priority. If a QoS flow has a higher pre-emption vulnerability, it means that it can lose its allocated resources more easily when higher priority flows need to be accommodated. This vulnerability can ensure that the network can adjust and allocate resources effectively according to changing priorities and resource availability.

[0155] In some embodiments, 5QI is a scalar value that can be used as a reference for the standardized combination of 5G QoS characteristics. 5QI can represent a set of access node specific parameters used to control the QoS forwarding treatment of a specific QoS flow. The standardized nature of 5QI can enable interoperability and consistency between different access nodes within a network to ensure that QoS flows with the same 5QI value are treated similarly and follow the same set of QoS characteristics.

[0156] In some embodiments, 5QI parameters can include resource type, priority, packet delay budget (PDB), maximum data burst volume (MDBV), packet error rate (PER), and average window.

[0157] In some embodiments, the choice of resource type can determine the specific characteristics and requirements associated with a QoS flow. GBR QoS flows can use GBR resource type or delay critical GBR resource type, which have different definitions for parameters such as PDB and packet error rate (PER). In addition, the MDBV parameter only applies to delay critical GBR resource type.

[0158] In some embodiments, the priority assigned to a QoS flow represents its relative importance in network resource scheduling. The priority is defined in such a way that the lowest level corresponds to the highest priority. The priority parameter can be used to differentiate QoS flows from the same UE as well as QoS flows from different UEs. By assigning priority, the network can effectively manage and prioritize resources according to the specific needs and requirements of each flow.

[0159] In some embodiments, the packet delay budget can be used to specify an upper limit of the delay that a packet can experience between the UE and the UPF termination point on the N6 interface. The packet delay budget parameter can be used to ensure that the delay of packet transmission remains within an acceptable range. The same value of packet delay budget applies to both UL and DL directions, ensuring consistency in delay performance.

[0160] In some embodiments, the MDBV parameter represents the maximum amount of data that a 5G Access Network (5G-AN) must handle within a given time period, consistent with the PDB of the 5G-AN. The MDBV parameter represents the data burst size that the 5G-AN can provide without exceeding the specified limit. The MDBV parameter is applicable to resource allocation for QoS flows and ensures effective resource management and allocation according to the defined burst volume requirements.

[0161] In some embodiments, the packet error rate parameter defines an upper limit of the rate of Internet Protocol (IP) packets that have been processed by the sender of an existing link layer protocol (such as Radio Link Control (RLC)) but have not been successfully delivered to the upper layer (such as Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)) by the corresponding receiver. The packet error rate parameter sets a threshold for the acceptable level of packet loss during transmission to ensure reliable data transmission between network entities.

[0162] In some embodiments, each GBR QoS flow is associated with an averaging window. The averaging window represents the duration for which GBR and MBR parameters are calculated. The aforementioned calculations can occur in various network elements, including the access network, UPR (user plane function of the RAN), and the UE. The averaging window can be used to determine the time period for measuring GBR and MBR values and provide a basis for accurate resource allocation and management.

[0163] Through the above QoS parameters, the management and guarantee of service performance in a 5G communication network can be achieved.

[0164] In the 6G network, there are demand scenarios that the traditional data-oriented communication mode is difficult to meet. For example, the emergence of 6G new services (such as Metaverse services) requires 6G networks to support wireless transmission of a large amount of data; 6G applications with a large number of nodes (such as collaborative robots and super-intelligent Internet of Things) require 6G networks to provide fast system response and reliable and efficient information interaction; more network resources in 6G networks need to be used for real-time updating of information and analysis of user data to ensure that 6G networks can provide better service experience.

[0165] While semantic communication can deliver the most relevant information to all communication participants after pre-processing the data based on artificial intelligence technology, thereby reducing the network burden. Semantic communication can achieve higher-level intelligent communication in terms of semantics and effectiveness, and change the communication nodes from simple symbol exchange senders and receivers to more intelligent agents to exchange the semantic part of the data in the communication process, thereby efficiently achieving the communication goal.

[0166] The development of semantic communication and the promotion of 6G are complementary. On the one hand, the availability and connectivity of distributed computing and ubiquitous AI networks in 6G will enable semantic communication to be deployed on a large scale, and on the other hand, semantic communication overcomes the limitations of traditional communication and can greatly improve network performance, so the development of 6G networks can provide a good network foundation for semantic communication, and the successful development of semantic communication can fully realize the vision of 6G.

[0167] By developing semantic communication, not only can the wireless data transmission burden of 6G networks be reduced, but also the efficiency of 6G network management and control can be improved, and semantic information can be used to design effective network resource allocation schemes for 6G.

[0168] In some embodiments, a semantic communication system can be divided into four types: classic semantic communication, semantic-oriented communication, target-oriented communication, and semantic-aware communication.

[0169] In some embodiments, classic semantic communication mainly focuses on data transmission, focusing on the accuracy of each bit and each symbol, and all bits and symbols are equally important. Semantic-oriented communication can use semantic information reconstruction to reconstruct the original data. Target-oriented communication can use semantic information to complete intelligent communication tasks, including but not limited to image retrieval, speech recognition, scene classification, etc. In the process of target-oriented semantic communication, semantic features that serve intelligent tasks can be extracted from source data to map semantic features through joint source channel coding to channel input symbols, and the receiving end can directly use the decoded semantic features to complete the task. Semantic-aware communication can process data according to information context and environmental perception to adapt to different communication needs.

[0170] Different from traditional data-oriented communication networks, semantic communication delivers information most relevant to the receiver or the target of the communication task to all communication participants, thereby reducing network burden, and aims to achieve higher-level intelligent communication in terms of semantics and effectiveness to efficiently achieve the communication target. Thus, different from traditional communication which focuses on data-oriented performance indicators (such as communication data rate and bit error rate), semantic communication also needs to focus on indicators related to services, targets or semantics.

[0171] FIG. 2 is an interaction diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a semantic communication method, and the method comprises:

[0172] In step S2101, the second communication device sends first information to the first communication device.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first communication device includes at least one of a semantic communication sender device, a semantic communication receiver device, and a first network device, but is not limited thereto. The first network device is a network device configured to allocate resources according to the first information, or in other words, the first network device is a network device having the capability of allocating resources according to the first information.

[0174] In some embodiments, the second communication device includes at least one of a semantic communication sender device, a semantic communication receiver device, and a second network device, but is not limited thereto. The second network device is a network device configured to determine the first information, or in other words, the second network device is a network device having the capability of determining the first information.

[0175] Optionally, the first communication device is a semantic communication sender device, and the second communication device can be a semantic communication receiver device or a second network device; the first communication device is a semantic communication receiver device, and the second communication device can be a semantic communication sender device or a second network device; the first communication device is a first network device, and the second communication device can be a semantic communication sender device, a semantic communication receiver device or a second network device, but is not limited thereto.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first communication device includes a terminal device, an access network device (NG-RAN, such as a CU or a DU), a core network device (CN node, such as an AMF), a server, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0177] In some embodiments, the second communication device includes a terminal device, an access network device (NG-RAN, such as a CU or a DU), a core network device (CN node, such as an AMF), a server, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0178] In some embodiments, the name of the first communication device is not limited, which is, for example, "first node" and the like.

[0179] In some embodiments, the name of the second communication device is not limited, which is, for example, "second node" and the like.

[0180] In some embodiments, the second communication device receives the first information sent by the first communication device.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0182] In some embodiments, the name of the first information is not limited, which is, for example, "semantic communication quality of service information", "semantic communication quality of service parameter information", "first parameter information" and the like.

[0183] In some embodiments, the name of the information and the like is not limited to the name described in the embodiments, and the terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "code point", "bit", "data", "program", "chip" and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of a resource type, an age of information (AoI), a value of information (VoI), a reliability, an average window, and a maximum burst of semantic information, but is not limited thereto.

[0185] In some embodiments, the resource type includes a guaranteed semantic information transmission rate (GSR), a non-guaranteed semantic information transmission rate (Non-GSR), and a real-time critical semantic information transmission rate.

[0186] In some embodiments, GSR refers to a minimum transmission rate of semantic information that the network needs to guarantee to provide to a specific service or application at any given time point. Non-GSR refers to a data stream or service for which the network does not need to provide a guaranteed transmission rate. The transmission rate of semantic information with real-time key guarantee refers to a minimum transmission rate of semantic information that the network needs to guarantee to provide to a delay-sensitive application or service program.

[0187] In some embodiments, semantic information can include all semantic representation information such as semantic context information and semantic communication task information, and the specific content of the semantic information is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0188] In some embodiments, semantic information can be semantic-based, or in other words, semantic information can be represented by semantic-based, but is not limited thereto.

[0189] That is, the resource type can include at least one of guaranteed semantic-based transmission rate, non-guaranteed semantic-based transmission rate, and real-time key guaranteed semantic-based transmission rate. In addition, the semantic information mentioned below can be semantic-based, and will not be repeated hereinafter.

[0190] In some embodiments, the name of semantic information is not limited, which is, for example, "semantic-related information", "semantic representation information", etc.

[0191] In some embodiments, semantic freshness is used to indicate the degree of obsolescence of semantic information. Optionally, semantic freshness can be used to indicate the degree of obsolescence of semantic information received by the fourth communication device. For example, the semantic freshness can be defined as the difference between the time (i.e. the current time) when the fourth communication device receives the semantic information and the data packet timestamp, and optionally, the data packet timestamp can be used to indicate the generation time of the data packet, but is not limited thereto.

[0192] In some embodiments, the fourth communication device can be a semantic communication receiver device, or the fourth communication device can be any intermediate transmission node between a semantic communication sender device and a semantic communication receiver device, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0193] In some embodiments, semantic importance can be used to indicate the relevance of semantic information to the semantic communication process, for example, semantic importance can be used to indicate the relevance of semantic information to the semantic reconstruction process, and for example, semantic importance can be used to indicate the relevance of semantic information to the execution of semantic processing tasks, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0194] In some embodiments, semantic importance can also be used to indicate the resource scheduling priority between different semantic information bearers. The semantic information bearer will be described in detail hereinafter, and will not be repeated here.

[0195] In some embodiments, the resource scheduling priority among different semantic information bearers can be implicitly indicated by the parameter value of semantic importance. For example, the greater the parameter value of semantic importance, the higher the resource scheduling priority of the corresponding semantic information bearer; conversely, the smaller the parameter value of semantic importance, the lower the resource scheduling priority of the corresponding semantic information bearer.

[0196] In some embodiments, semantic importance can be used to distinguish the resource scheduling priority among various semantic information bearers of the same UE, and can also be used to distinguish the scheduling priority among semantic information bearers of different UEs.

[0197] In some embodiments, reliability can include semantic accuracy and / or completion degree of a semantic communication task. Among them, semantic accuracy can be used to indicate the accuracy degree of semantic information in semantic communication oriented to semantic reconstruction; the completion degree of a semantic communication task can be used to indicate the task completion degree in task-oriented semantic communication. Optionally, the semantic communication task can include a text classification task, an image target detection task, a semantic recognition task, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0198] In some embodiments, semantic accuracy can be determined based on an evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy.

[0199] In some embodiments, the name of the evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy is not limited, which is, for example, “semantic accuracy indicator”, “evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy”, etc.

[0200] In some embodiments, the evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy can be specific to the data modality of semantic communication. That is, the evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy corresponding to different information modalities can be different.

[0201] In some embodiments, the data modality includes at least one of image, text, audio, video, configuration parameter, and measurement parameter, but is not limited thereto.

[0202] In some embodiments, for text data, the evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy can be Bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU), Consensus based Image Description Evaluation (CIDEr), Sentence similarity, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0203] In some embodiments, the evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy can be a signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR), a perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), or the like, but is not limited thereto, for audio data.

[0204] In some embodiments, the evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy can be a peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), a multi-scale structural similarity (MS-SSIM), or the like, but is not limited thereto, for image data or video data.

[0205] In some embodiments, the average window can be a semantic communication quality of service parameter set for GSR. That is, the first information can further include the average window in a case where the resource type indicated by the first information is GSR.

[0206] In some embodiments, the average window can be used to count a guaranteed semantic information rate of GSR, and / or the average window can be used to count a maximum semantic information rate of GSR, or the like, but is not limited thereto. For example, the average window can be used to count a guaranteed semantic base rate and / or a maximum semantic base rate of GSR.

[0207] In some embodiments, the average window can be used to indicate a duration of counting a guaranteed semantic information rate and / or a maximum semantic information rate of GSR.

[0208] In some embodiments, the semantic information maximum burst size can be a semantic communication quality of service parameter set for GSR critical for real-time. That is, the first information can further include the semantic information maximum burst size in a case where the resource type indicated by the first information is GSR critical for real-time.

[0209] In some embodiments, the semantic information maximum burst size can be used to indicate a maximum semantic information data amount that needs to be transmitted within a first time of a guaranteed semantic information transmission rate critical for real-time.

[0210] For example, the semantic information maximum burst size can be a maximum semantic base data burst size, which can be used to indicate a maximum semantic base data amount that needs to be transmitted within a first time of a guaranteed semantic information transmission rate critical for real-time.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first time can be determined based on semantic freshness, and / or the first time can be determined based on PDB, but is not limited thereto.

[0212] In some embodiments, the terms of "time", "moment", "time point", "time position" and the like can be replaced with each other, and the terms of "time", "duration", "time period", "time window", "window" and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0213] In some embodiments, the first information can be associated with at least one semantic information carrier.

[0214] In some embodiments, the semantic information carrier can include at least one of a semantic information flow, a semantic element block, a semantic information packet, a semantic session, but is not limited thereto.

[0215] In some embodiments, in the semantic communication, the semantic information can be transmitted through any one of the above semantic information carriers. For example, the semantic background information, the semantic communication task information and the like can be transmitted through the above semantic information carriers.

[0216] In some embodiments, the semantic information carrier can be guaranteed in terms of the semantic information transmission rate, or can be non-guaranteed in terms of the semantic information transmission rate, or can be guaranteed in terms of the real-time criticality of the semantic information transmission rate. Taking the semantic information carrier as a semantic information flow for example, the semantic information flow can be a GSR Flow, a Non GSR flow, a real-time critical GSR flow.

[0217] In some embodiments, the first information can be indicated by a quality of service identifier, or the first information can be directly indicated by a quality of service parameter.

[0218] In some embodiments, the first information is indicated by a quality of service identifier, and each quality of service identifier can be associated with at least one quality of service parameter. The associated relationship between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter can determine the quality of service parameter associated with each quality of service identifier.

[0219] In some embodiments, the associated relationship between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter can be agreed by a protocol, or the associated relationship between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter can be pre-configured.

[0220] In some embodiments, the first information is indicated by a quality of service parameter, and the quality of service parameter can be explicitly indicated by signaling to achieve the effect of directly indicating the first information by signaling.

[0221] In step S2102, the first communication device performs resource allocation based on the first information.

[0222] In some embodiments, the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the first information to schedule or configure reasonable semantic communication resources to ensure the quality of service of semantic communication.

[0223] In some embodiments, the terms of “resource”, “resource set”, “resource group”, “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight”, “precoding weight”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication (TCI) state”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmission power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “antenna port group”, “layer”, “the number of layers”, “rank”, “beam”, “beam width”, “beam angular degree”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0224] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameters can be set with default values, and for at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained, the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained.

[0225] In some embodiments, for at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained, if the at least one quality of service parameter has no default value, the parameter value of the at least one quality of service parameter must be indicated to the first communication device by the second communication device, and only then the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the parameter value of the at least one quality of service parameter, otherwise, the first communication device can consider that the at least one quality of service parameter has no parameter value requirement, or the first communication device can consider that the current resource allocation process is invalid.

[0226] In some embodiments, “acquire”, “obtain”, “get”, “receive”, “transmit”, “bidirectional transmission”, “send and / or receive” can be replaced by each other, which can be interpreted as receiving from other subjects, acquiring from protocols, acquiring from higher layers, obtaining by self-processing, autonomously implementing, and the like.

[0227] In some embodiments, the terms “send”, “transmit”, “report”, “issue”, “transmit”, “bidirectional transmission”, “send and / or receive” can be replaced by each other.

[0228] In some embodiments, the terms “certain”, “preset”, “pre-set”, “set”, “indicated”, “certain”, “arbitrary”, “first”, and the like can be replaced by each other. “Certain A”, “preset A”, “pre-set A”, “set A”, “indicated A”, “certain A”, “arbitrary A”, “first A” can be interpreted as A specified in advance in protocols and the like, A obtained by setting, configuration, or indication, and the like, but are not limited thereto.

[0229] In some embodiments, determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (Boolean value) represented by true or false, or by comparison of numerical values (for example, comparison with a predetermined value), but not limited thereto.

[0230] In some embodiments, “not expecting to receive” can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data and the like after receiving the data and the like; “not expecting to send” can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiving party to respond to the content of the sending.

[0231] The communication method related to the embodiments of the disclosure can include at least one of steps S2101-S2102. For example, step S2101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2101+S2102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, but not limited thereto.

[0232] In some embodiments, step S2101 is optional, and can be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0233] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and can be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0234] In some embodiments, reference can be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2.

[0235] According to the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first node (i.e., the first communication device) can perform reasonable resource scheduling or configuration based on the semantic communication quality of service parameter information (i.e., the first information) to guarantee the quality of service of semantic communication.

[0236] In some embodiments, the semantic communication quality of service parameter information includes at least one of the following:

[0237] (1) resource type, the resource type includes at least one of the following:

[0238] Guaranteed semantic base rate (GSR);

[0239] Non-guaranteed semantic base rate (Non-GSR);

[0240] Real-time critical guaranteed semantic base rate.

[0241] (2) semantic freshness, the semantic freshness indicates the degree of obsolescence of the information received at the destination, defined as the difference between the current time and the timestamp of the data packet, used for optimizing scheduling and resource allocation.

[0242] (3) semantic importance, the semantic importance indicates the relevance of semantic information to semantic reconstruction or task execution, and can implicitly represent the resource scheduling priority between different semantic information bearers. Alternatively, the semantic importance can be used to distinguish the priority between the semantic information bearers of a UE, or can be used to distinguish the priority between the semantic information bearers of different UEs, and the larger the parameter value is, the higher the priority is.

[0243] (4) reliability, the reliability includes semantic accuracy and / or task completion, the semantic accuracy is used for semantic communication for semantic reconstruction, and the task completion is used for semantic communication for tasks (such as text classification, image target detection, and speech recognition).

[0244] (5) for GSR, further including average window, used for statistical guaranteed semantic base rate and maximum semantic base rate.

[0245] (6) for real-time critical GSR, further including maximum semantic base data burst, representing the maximum semantic base data amount to be transmitted within a certain time (i.e., the first time), and the first time is determined according to AoI or PDB.

[0246] In some embodiments, different information modalities correspond to different semantic accuracy indicators, and the information modules include images, texts, audios, videos, configuration parameters, measurement parameter quantities, etc.

[0247] Optionally, for text data, the evaluation indicators can be bilingual substitution evaluation scores, consensus-based image description evaluation, etc.

[0248] Optionally, for audio data, the evaluation indicators can be signal distortion rates, perceptual evaluation of speech quality, etc.

[0249] Optionally, for image data or video data, the evaluation indicators can be peak signal-to-noise ratios, multi-scale structural similarities, etc.

[0250] In some embodiments, the semantic communication quality of service parameter information is associated with semantic information bearers, which can be at least one of semantic information flows, semantic information blocks, semantic information packets, and semantic sessions.

[0251] It should be noted that in semantic communication, semantic information can be transmitted in any of the above bearer forms, and the semantic information is characterized by a semantic base. The semantic information includes all semantic characterization information such as semantic background information and semantic communication task information.

[0252] In some embodiments, the semantic information bearers can be guaranteed, non-guaranteed, or real-time critical guaranteed in terms of semantic base transmission rate. For example, the semantic information flow can include GSR Flow, Non GSR flow, and real-time critical GSR flow.

[0253] In some embodiments, the semantic communication quality of service parameter information can be determined by a second node (i.e., a second communication device) and sent to a first node.

[0254] In some embodiments, the second node can be a peer node or a network node (such as an NG-RAN, a CN node, or a server).

[0255] Optionally, the semantic communication quality of service parameter information can be configured by the network side and sent to the sending end and / or the receiving end. Alternatively, it can be indicated by the sending end to the network side and / or the receiving end to synchronize the quality of service requirements and perform reasonable resource scheduling and configuration based on the semantic communication quality of service parameter information.

[0256] In some embodiments, the semantic communication quality of service parameter information can be indicated to the first node in at least one of the following ways:

[0257] (1) Through a quality of service identifier, the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter can be agreed upon by a protocol or preconfigured.

[0258] (2) Explicitly indicate the quality of service parameters through signaling.

[0259] In some embodiments, one or more quality of service parameters can have default values, and if one or more quality of service parameters are not provided, the default values are used. Alternatively, one or more quality of service parameters do not have default values, and all quality of service parameter values must be indicated to the first node, otherwise, it is considered as not required or invalid.

[0260] FIG. 3A is a flow diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, the present disclosure relates to a semantic communication method, and the method comprises:

[0261] Step S3101: obtaining first information.

[0262] The optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in FIG. 2 and other associated parts in the embodiments related to FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0263] In some embodiments, the first communication device receives the first information sent by the second communication device, but is not limited thereto, and can also receive the first information sent by other subjects.

[0264] In some embodiments, the first communication device obtains the first information specified by a protocol.

[0265] In some embodiments, the first communication device obtains the first information from an upper layer.

[0266] In some embodiments, the first communication device processes to obtain the first information.

[0267] In some embodiments, step S3101 is omitted, and the first communication device autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is default or default.

[0268] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the quality of service parameters of semantic communication.

[0269] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: resource type; semantic freshness; semantic importance; reliability; average window; maximum burst of semantic information.

[0270] In some embodiments, the resource type comprises at least one of the following: GSR; Non-GSR; real-time key guarantee semantic information transmission rate.

[0271] In some embodiments, the semantic freshness is used to indicate the degree of obsolescence of semantic information.

[0272] In some embodiments, the semantic importance is used to indicate the relevance of the semantic information to the semantic communication process.

[0273] In some embodiments, the reliability is determined based on at least one of the following: semantic accuracy; completion degree of the semantic communication task.

[0274] In some embodiments, the evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is specific to the data modality of the semantic communication.

[0275] In some embodiments, the data modality comprises at least one of the following: image; text; audio; video; configuration parameter; measurement parameter.

[0276] In some embodiments, the average window is used for the statistical GSR guaranteed semantic information rate, and / or, the average window is used for the statistical GSR maximum semantic information rate.

[0277] In some embodiments, the semantic information maximum burst quantity is used to indicate the maximum semantic information data quantity that needs to be transmitted within the first time for the real-time key guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0278] In some embodiments, the first time is determined based on the semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on the PDB.

[0279] In some embodiments, the first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer comprises at least one of the following: semantic information flow; semantic information block; semantic information packet; semantic session.

[0280] In some embodiments, the first information is determined by at least one of the following: quality of service identifier; quality of service parameter.

[0281] In some embodiments, the quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter; wherein the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed by protocol, or the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is pre-configured.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of the following: semantic communication sender device; semantic communication receiver device; first network device, the first network device is used for resource allocation according to the first information.

[0283] In some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of the following: semantic communication sender device; semantic communication receiver device; second network device, the second network device is used for determining the first information.

[0284] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of the following: terminal device; access network device; core network device; server.

[0285] In some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

[0286] At step S3102, resource allocation is performed based on the first information.

[0287] The optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 of FIG. 2 and other associated parts in the embodiments involved in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0288] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is provided with a default value, and for at least one quality of service parameter for which no corresponding parameter value is obtained, the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which no corresponding parameter value is obtained.

[0289] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can comprise at least one of steps S3101-S3102. For example, step S3101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S3102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and steps S3101+S3102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0290] In some embodiments, step S3101 is optional and can be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0291] In some embodiments, step S3102 is optional and can be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0292] FIG. 3B is a flow diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3B, the embodiments of the present disclosure involve a semantic communication method, and the above method comprises:

[0293] At step S3201, first information is sent.

[0294] The optional implementation of step S3201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 of FIG. 2, the optional implementation of step S3101 of FIG. 3A, and other associated parts in the embodiments involved in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A, which will not be repeated here.

[0295] In some embodiments, the second communication device can send the first information to the first communication device, but is not limited thereto, and can also send the first information to other subjects.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0297] In some embodiments, the first information is used for resource allocation by the first communication device.

[0298] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of: a resource type; a semantic freshness; a semantic importance; a reliability; an average window; a maximum burst of semantic information.

[0299] In some embodiments, the resource type comprises at least one of: a GSR; a Non-GSR; a real-time criticality guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0300] In some embodiments, the semantic freshness is used to indicate a degree of staleness of the semantic information.

[0301] In some embodiments, the semantic importance is used to indicate a relevance of the semantic information to a semantic communication process.

[0302] In some embodiments, the reliability is determined based on at least one of: a semantic accuracy; a completion degree of a semantic communication task.

[0303] In some embodiments, an evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is specific to a data modality of the semantic communication.

[0304] In some embodiments, the data modality comprises at least one of: an image; a text; an audio; a video; a configuration parameter; a measurement parameter.

[0305] In some embodiments, the average window is used to statistically guarantee a semantic information rate of the GSR, and / or, the average window is used to statistically guarantee a maximum semantic information rate of the GSR.

[0306] In some embodiments, the maximum burst of semantic information is used to indicate a maximum amount of semantic information data that needs to be transmitted within a first time for the real-time criticality guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

[0307] In some embodiments, the first time is determined based on the semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on a PDB.

[0308] In some embodiments, the first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer comprises at least one of: a semantic information flow; a semantic information block; a semantic information packet; a semantic session.

[0309] In some embodiments, the first information is determined by at least one of: a quality of service identifier; a quality of service parameter.

[0310] In some embodiments, the quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter; wherein an association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed by a protocol, or, the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is pre-configured.

[0311] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is provided with a default value, and the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not acquired is used by the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

[0312] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sending end device; a semantic communication receiving end device; a first network device configured to perform resource allocation according to the first information.

[0313] In some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sending end device; a semantic communication receiving end device; a second network device configured to determine the first information.

[0314] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; and a server.

[0315] In some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; and a server.

[0316] The communication method related to the embodiments of the present disclosure can at least include step S3201, and step S3201 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0317] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, step S3201 can be combined with step S3101 of FIG. 3A.

[0318] FIG. 3C is a flow diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a semantic communication method, and the method comprises:

[0319] Step S3301, performing resource scheduling based on the first information.

[0320] The optional implementation of step S3301 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101, step S2102 of FIG. 2, the optional implementation of step S3101, step S3102 of FIG. 3A, the optional implementation of step S3201 of FIG. 3B, and other related parts in the embodiments related to FIG. 2, FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3B, which will not be repeated here.

[0321] In some embodiments, the first information can be received by the first communication device from the second communication device, or the first information can be determined by the first communication device itself, but is not limited thereto.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication.

[0323] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of: a resource type; a semantic freshness; a semantic importance; a reliability; an average window; a maximum burst of semantic information.

[0324] In some embodiments, the resource type comprises at least one of: a GSR; a Non-GSR; a semantic information transmission rate with real-time critical guarantee.

[0325] In some embodiments, the semantic freshness is used to indicate a degree of obsolescence of the semantic information.

[0326] In some embodiments, the semantic importance is used to indicate a relevance of the semantic information to a semantic communication process.

[0327] In some embodiments, the reliability is determined based on at least one of: a semantic accuracy; a completion degree of a semantic communication task.

[0328] In some embodiments, an evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is specific to a data modality of the semantic communication.

[0329] In some embodiments, the data modality comprises at least one of: an image; a text; an audio; a video; a configuration parameter; a measurement parameter.

[0330] In some embodiments, the average window is used to statistically guarantee a semantic information rate of the GSR, and / or, the average window is used to statistically guarantee a maximum semantic information rate of the GSR.

[0331] In some embodiments, the maximum burst of semantic information is used to indicate a maximum amount of semantic information data that needs to be transmitted within a first time for the semantic information transmission rate with real-time critical guarantee.

[0332] In some embodiments, the first time is determined based on the semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on a PDB.

[0333] In some embodiments, the first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer comprises at least one of: a semantic information flow; a semantic information block; a semantic information packet; a semantic session.

[0334] In some embodiments, the first information is determined by at least one of: a quality of service identifier; a quality of service parameter.

[0335] In some embodiments, the quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter; wherein an association relationship between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed by a protocol, or the association relationship between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is pre-configured.

[0336] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a first network device configured to perform resource allocation according to the first information.

[0337] In some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a second network device configured to determine the first information.

[0338] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

[0339] In some embodiments, the second communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

[0340] In some embodiments, the quality of service parameter is set with a default value, and for at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained, the first communication device can perform resource allocation based on the default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained.

[0341] The communication method disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can at least include step S3301, and step S3301 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0342] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, part or all of the steps, and optional implementation manners thereof, can be combined with part or all of the steps in other embodiments, or can be combined with optional implementation manners of other embodiments.

[0343] The embodiments of the present disclosure also propose an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods, for example, an apparatus comprising units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the first communication device in any of the above methods. For another example, another apparatus is proposed, comprising units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the second communication device in any of the above methods.

[0344] It should be understood that the division of each unit or module in the above apparatus is only a logical function division, and all or part of them can be integrated into a physical entity or physically separated in actual implementation. In addition, the units or modules in the apparatus can be implemented in the form of processor calling software: for example, the apparatus includes a processor, the processor is connected with a memory, the memory stores instructions, and the processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to realize the functions of any of the above methods or the units or modules of the above apparatus, wherein the processor is a general processor such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory in the apparatus or a memory outside the apparatus. Alternatively, the units or modules in the apparatus can be implemented in the form of hardware circuit, and the functions of part or all of the units or modules can be realized by the design of the hardware circuit. The above hardware circuit can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the functions of part or all of the units or modules are realized by the design of the logical relationship between the elements in the circuit; for another example, in another implementation, the above hardware circuit is a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is taken as an example, which can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by a configuration file, so as to realize the functions of part or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above apparatus can be all implemented in the form of processor calling software, or all implemented in the form of hardware circuit, or part implemented in the form of processor calling software and the remaining part implemented in the form of hardware circuit.

[0345] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capability. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and running capability, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), a digital signal processor (DSP), and the like. In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through a logical relationship of hardware circuits, and the logical relationship of the hardware circuits is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In the reconfigurable hardware circuit, the processor loads a configuration document to implement the configuration of the hardware circuit. It can be understood that the processor loads instructions to implement the functions of the above part or all units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), and the like.

[0346] FIG. 4A is a structural schematic diagram of a first communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4A, the first communication device 4100 can at least include a processing module 4101. In some embodiments, the processing module 4101 is configured to perform resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication. Optionally, the processing module 4101 is configured to perform at least one of other steps (for example, step S2102, but not limited thereto) performed by the first communication device in any of the above methods, details of which are not described herein. In some embodiments, the first communication device 4100 can further include a transceiver module. Optionally, the transceiver module is configured to perform at least one of the communication steps (for example, step S2101, but not limited thereto) performed by the first communication device in any of the above methods, details of which are not described herein.

[0347] FIG. 4B is a structural diagram of a second communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4B, the second communication device 4200 can at least include a transceiver module 4201. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 4201 is configured to send first information to a first communication device, where the first information is used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, and the first information is also used for resource allocation by the first communication device. Optionally, the transceiver module is configured to perform at least one of the communication steps (for example, step S2101, but not limited to this) performed by the second communication device in any of the above methods, and details are not described herein again. In some embodiments, the second communication device 4200 can further include a processing module. Optionally, the processing module is configured to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the second communication device in any of the above methods, and details are not described herein again.

[0348] In some embodiments, the transceiver module can include a sending module and / or a receiving module, which can be separate or integrated together. Optionally, the transceiver module can be replaced by a transceiver.

[0349] In some embodiments, the processing module can be one module or include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules perform all or part of the steps required to be performed by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module can be replaced by a processor.

[0350] FIG. 5A is a structural diagram of a communication device 5100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 5100 can be a first communication device, a second communication device, a chip, a chip system, or a processor supporting the first communication device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor supporting the second communication device to implement any of the above methods. The communication device 5100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments, and details can be referred to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0351] As shown in FIG. 5A, the communication device 5100 includes one or more processors 5101. The processor 5101 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control a communication device (for example, a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process data of programs. The communication device 5100 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0352] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more memories 5102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memory 5102 can also be outside the communication device 5100.

[0353] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more transceivers 5103. When the communication device 5100 includes one or more transceivers 5103, the transceiver 5103 performs at least one of the communication steps (for example, step S2101, but not limited to) in the above-described methods, and the processor 5101 performs at least one of the other steps (for example, step S2102, but not limited to).

[0354] In some embodiments, the transceiver can include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which can be separate or integrated together. Optionally, the terms of transceiver, transceiving unit, transceiver, transceiving circuit, etc. can be replaced with each other, the terms of transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc. can be replaced with each other, and the terms of receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc. can be replaced with each other.

[0355] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 can include one or more interface circuits 5104. Optionally, the interface circuit 5104 is connected with the memory 5102, and the interface circuit 5104 can be used to receive signals from the memory 5102 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 5102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 5104 can read the instructions stored in the memory 5102 and send the instructions to the processor 5101.

[0356] The communication device 5100 described in the above embodiments can be a first communication device or a second communication device, but the scope of the communication device 5100 described in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the structure of the communication device 5100 can not be limited by Figure 5A. The communication device can be an independent device or can be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device can be: (1) an independent integrated circuit (IC), or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a set of one or more ICs, which can optionally also include storage components for storing data, programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a Modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handset, mobile unit, vehicle-mounted device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) other, etc.

[0357] Figure 5B is a structural schematic diagram of a chip 5200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For the case where the communication device 5100 is a chip or a chip system, the structural schematic diagram of the chip 5200 shown in Figure 5B can be referred to, but is not limited to this.

[0358] The chip 5200 includes one or more processors 5201, and the chip 5200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0359] In some embodiments, the chip 5200 further includes one or more interface circuits 5202. Optionally, the interface circuits 5202 are connected with the memory 5203, and the interface circuits 5202 can be configured to receive signals from the memory 5203 or other devices, and the interface circuits 5202 can be configured to send signals to the memory 5203 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 5202 can read instructions stored in the memory 5203 and send the instructions to the processor 5201.

[0360] In some embodiments, the interface circuits 5202 perform at least one of the communication steps (for example, step S2101, but not limited thereto) in the above-described methods, and the processor 5201 performs at least one of the other steps (for example, step S2102, but not limited thereto).

[0361] In some embodiments, the interface circuits, interfaces, transceiver pins, transceivers, and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0362] In some embodiments, the chip 5200 further includes one or more memories 5203 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 5203 can be outside the chip 5200.

[0363] The present disclosure further proposes a storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium stores instructions, and when the above-mentioned instructions run on the communication device 5100, the communication device 5100 performs any one of the above methods. Optionally, the above-mentioned storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the above-mentioned storage medium is a computer readable storage medium, but not limited thereto, and it can also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the above-mentioned storage medium can be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto, and it can also be a transitory storage medium.

[0364] The present disclosure further proposes a program product, and the above-mentioned program product is executed by the communication device 5100, so that the communication device 5100 performs any one of the above methods. Optionally, the above-mentioned program product is a computer program product.

[0365] The present disclosure further proposes a computer program, and when it runs on a computer, it makes the computer perform any one of the above methods.

[0366] Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the features disclosed herein. It is intended that the disclosure be construed as including any paterns of this disclosure that can be derived from the description and illustrations presented herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The specification and examples given are considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0367] It is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the precise structures herein described and illustrated, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A method of semantic communication, characterized by, The method applied to a first communication device comprises: performing resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate quality of service parameters of semantic communication.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information comprises at least one of: a resource type; semantic freshness, the semantic freshness being used to indicate an out-of-date degree of semantic information; semantic importance, the semantic importance being used to indicate relevance of semantic information to a semantic communication process; reliability; an average window; a maximum burst of semantic information.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The resource type comprises at least one of: a guaranteed semantic information transmission rate GSR; a non-guaranteed semantic information transmission rate Non-GSR; a real-time key guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The reliability is determined based on at least one of: semantic accuracy; completion of a semantic communication task.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The evaluation parameter of semantic accuracy is specific to a data modality of semantic communication.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The data modality comprises at least one of: an image; text; audio; video; a configuration parameter; a measurement parameter.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The average window is used to count a GSR guaranteed semantic information rate, and / or, the average window is used to count a maximum semantic information rate of GSR.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The maximum burst of semantic information is used to indicate a maximum amount of semantic information data that needs to be transmitted within a first time for a real-time key guaranteed semantic information transmission rate.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The first time is determined based on semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on a packet delay budget PDB.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer comprises at least one of: a semantic information flow; a semantic information block; a semantic information packet; a semantic session.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving the first information sent by a second communication device.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a first network device, the first network device being used to perform resource allocation according to the first information.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The second communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a second network device, the second network device being used to determine the first information.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The first communication device or the second communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The first information is determined by at least one of: a quality of service identifier; a quality of service parameter.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter; wherein the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed by a protocol, or the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is pre-configured.

17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The quality of service parameter is provided with a default value, and the method further comprises: for at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained, performing resource allocation based on a default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained.

18. A method of semantic communication, characterized by, The method applied to a second communication device comprises: sending first information to a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate quality of service parameters of semantic communication, the first information also being used for the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The first information comprises at least one of: a resource type; a semantic freshness, the semantic freshness being used to indicate a degree of obsoleteness of the semantic information; a semantic importance, the semantic importance being used to indicate a relevance of the semantic information to a semantic communication process; a reliability; an average window; a maximum burst of semantic information.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein, The resource type comprises at least one of: a GSR; a non-GSR; a semantic information transmission rate with real-time critical guarantee.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein, The reliability is determined based on at least one of: a semantic accuracy; a completion degree of a semantic communication task.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, The evaluation parameter of the semantic accuracy is specific to a data modality of the semantic communication.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The data modality comprises at least one of: an image; a text; an audio; a video; a configuration parameter; a measurement parameter.

24. The method of any one of claims 19-23, wherein, The average window is used to count a GSR-guaranteed semantic information rate, and / or, the average window is used to count a maximum GSR-guaranteed semantic information rate.

25. The method of any one of claims 19-24, wherein, The maximum burst of semantic information is used to indicate a maximum amount of semantic information data that needs to be transmitted within a first time for the semantic information transmission rate with real-time critical guarantee.

26. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first time is determined based on the semantic freshness, and / or, the first time is determined based on a PDB.

27. The method of any one of claims 19-26, wherein, The first information is associated with at least one semantic information bearer, wherein the semantic information bearer comprises at least one of: a semantic information flow; a semantic information block; a semantic information packet; a semantic session.

28. The method of any one of claims 19-27, wherein, The first communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a first network device, the first network device being used to perform resource allocation according to the first information.

29. The method of any one of claims 19-28, wherein, The second communication device comprises at least one of: a semantic communication sender device; a semantic communication receiver device; a second network device, the second network device being used to determine the first information.

30. The method of any one of claims 19-29, wherein, The first communication device or the second communication device comprises at least one of: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; a server.

31. The method of any one of claims 18-30, wherein, The first information is determined by at least one of: a quality of service identifier; a quality of service parameter.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein, The quality of service identifier is associated with at least one quality of service parameter. The association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is agreed by a protocol, or the association between the quality of service identifier and the quality of service parameter is pre-configured.

33. The method of any one of claims 18-32, wherein, The quality of service parameter is provided with a default value, and for at least one quality of service parameter for which a corresponding parameter value is not obtained, a default value of the at least one quality of service parameter for which the corresponding parameter value is not obtained is used by the first communication device to perform resource allocation.

34. A first communication device, characterized by comprises: a processing module configured to perform resource allocation based on first information, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication. comprises:

35. A second communication device, characterized by a transceiving module configured to send first information to a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a quality of service parameter of semantic communication, the first information also being used by the first communication device to perform resource allocation. comprises:

36. A first communication device, characterized by: one or more processors; wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method of any one of claims 1-17. comprises:

37. A second communication device, characterized by one or more processors; wherein the second communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method of any one of claims 18-33. ​ 38. A communication system, characterized by comprising a first communication device configured to implement the semantic communication method of any one of claims 1-17 and a second communication device configured to implement the semantic communication method of any one of claims 18-33.

39. A storage medium, the storage medium storing instructions, wherein, when the instructions are run on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the semantic communication method of any one of claims 1-17 or 18-33.

Images