Arc fault detection circuit, method, and device, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

An arc fault detection circuit, method, and device, a storage medium, and a program product. The circuit comprises: a solid conduction microphone (201), used for detecting an acoustic wave signal conducted by a line to be tested and converting the acoustic wave signal into an acoustoelectric signal for output, the solid conduction microphone (201) being provided on the line to be tested, and the solid conduction microphone (201) being connected to a processing module (202); an electric power wave detection module (203), used for detecting an electrical energy signal of the line to be tested, the electric power wave detection module (203) being connected to the processing module (202); and the processing module (202), used for extracting arc energy acoustic wave features on the basis of the acoustoelectric signal, determining electrical energy features on the basis of the electrical energy signal, and determining an arc fault result of the line to be tested on the basis of the arc energy acoustic wave features and the electrical energy features.

Description

Arc fault detection circuit, method, device, storage medium and program product

[0001] This application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411292359.0 filed on September 13, 2024, and titled "Arc fault detection circuit, method, device, storage medium and program product", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the electrical field, and in particular to an arc fault detection circuit, method, device, storage medium and program product. BACKGROUND

[0003] Arc fault is an electrical fault that an arc occurs in a line. When an arc fault occurs, high temperature and heat are easily generated, which may ignite the line and exist a security risk of causing fire.

[0004] In the traditional technology, by detecting voltage, current and frequency spectrum signals in the line, electrical energy characteristics are analyzed based on the voltage, current and frequency spectrum signals, and then it is determined whether an arc fault exists.

[0005] The detection method of the traditional technology is relatively single, and only by analyzing electrical energy characteristics to determine whether an abnormality exists, the completeness, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection exist problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide an arc fault detection circuit, method, device, storage medium and program product to achieve the effect of improving the completeness, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection.

[0007] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an arc fault detection circuit, comprising:

[0008] A solid conduction microphone is configured to detect an acoustic signal conducted by a to-be-tested line and convert the acoustic signal into an acoustic-electric signal output. The solid conduction microphone is arranged on the to-be-tested line and connected to a processing module.

[0009] A power wave detection module is configured to detect an electrical energy signal of the to-be-tested line. The power wave detection module is connected to the processing module.

[0010] The processing module is configured to extract an arc energy acoustic wave feature based on the acoustic-electric signal, determine an electrical energy feature based on the electrical energy signal, and determine an arc fault result of the to-be-tested line based on the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electrical energy feature.

[0011] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an arc fault detection method, which is executed by an arc fault detection circuit, comprising:

[0012] detect an acoustic wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line through a solid conduction microphone arranged on the to-be-tested line, and convert the acoustic wave signal into an acoustic-electric signal output;

[0013] detect an electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line; and

[0014] extract an arc energy acoustic wave feature according to the acoustic-electric signal, determine an electric energy feature according to the electric energy signal, and determine an arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electric energy feature.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an arc fault detection device, comprising:

[0016] an acoustic wave detection module configured to detect an acoustic wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line through a solid conduction microphone arranged on the to-be-tested line, and convert the acoustic wave signal into an acoustic-electric signal output;

[0017] an electric wave detection module configured to detect an electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line; and

[0018] The processing module is further configured to extract an arc energy acoustic wave feature according to the acoustic-electric signal, determine an electric energy feature according to the electric energy signal, and determine an arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electric energy feature.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an arc fault detection device, comprising a memory and a processor.

[0020] The memory stores computer execution instructions.

[0021] The processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the second aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the second aspect.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer execution instructions, and the computer execution instructions are executed by a processor to implement the second aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the second aspect.

[0023] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the second aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the second aspect.

[0024] Details of one or more embodiments of the present application are presented in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0026] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of arc fault detection provided by the present application;

[0027] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arc fault detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arc fault detection circuit provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arc fault detection circuit provided by yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig. 5 is a flowchart of an arc fault detection method provided by the present application;

[0031] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arc fault detection method of the present application applied to a scenario;

[0032] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arc fault detection method of the present application applied to another scenario;

[0033] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an arc fault detection apparatus provided by the present application;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an arc fault detection device provided by the present application.

[0035] The above-described drawings show certain embodiments of the present application clearly, and more detailed descriptions will be given hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application by any means, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is intended to apply to various embodiments and the general description given above should not be taken as limiting the scope of the application. To the contrary, the intent is to cover by said description all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents falling within the scope of the application in accordance with the appended claims.

[0037] First, the terms involved in the present application are explained:

[0038] Arc fault: refers to an electrical fault in which an arc appears in a live circuit, which is a gas discharge phenomenon. When electric current passes through certain insulating media, a momentary spark will occur between the contacts or electrodes. When an arc fault occurs, the center temperature is very high, which may be accompanied by metal spatter, igniting combustible materials, and further causing an electrical fire.

[0039] Solid conduction microphone refers to a device that captures and converts sound wave signals using the scientific principle of solid conduction. When sound waves are transmitted through solid materials, they will cause internal elastic vibrations of the object. These vibrations can be detected and converted into audio signals for processing. Solid materials have high sensitivity to vibrations, and solid conduction microphones have high sensitivity. Therefore, solid conduction and solid conduction microphones can effectively isolate sound signals and electromagnetic interference in the external air, improving the quality of sound wave conduction and detection.

[0040] Solid conduction microphone is a contact microphone, which requires close contact with the solid medium during detection of sound wave signals. For example, bone conduction microphone, which uses bone as a solid medium for sound wave signal conduction. The solid conduction microphone in this application uses a metal conductor as a solid medium for sound wave signal conduction, which can be a copper conductor, an aluminum conductor, or an alloy conductor.

[0041] In traditional technology, arc fault occurs will cause power wave distortion, arc fault detection method through the detection of power wave distortion, determine whether the arc fault occurs, specifically is to the line of power wave voltage, current, phase or frequency spectrum signal tracking and analysis, using central processing unit for sampling calculation processing, according to the preset arc fault threshold value to determine whether the arc fault occurs.

[0042] Traditional technology uses power wave detection method to detect arc fault, since arc-like wave will also cause power wave distortion, power wave detection method cannot distinguish arc-like wave and arc fault, therefore through power wave detection method is easy to misjudge, lead to arc fault detection integrity, accuracy and reliability problem.

[0043] In the field of circuit transmission, solid conduction microphone is used to detect sound wave signals conducted by the conductor of the circuit and to detect arc fault. Both theoretical research and engineering practice are in a blank state. Next, the principles involved in this application will be explained.

[0044] First, the principle of detecting arc fault based on electric energy characteristics and arc energy acoustic wave characteristics is explained. Arc fault is usually a comprehensive physical phenomenon in which sound, light and electricity appear almost simultaneously. In this physical phenomenon, the electrical breakdown and glow discharge phenomenon between the arc electrodes (including the electrodes themselves) caused by the power of the power source will excite the propagation and conduction of acoustic waves. Therefore, the acoustic wave signal when the arc fault occurs can be used as the basis for detecting arc fault. Then, based on the detection of electric energy signal, the detection of acoustic wave signal is superimposed to improve the integrity, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection on the basis of detecting electric energy characteristics and superimposing arc energy acoustic wave characteristics. This is the basic principle of detecting arc fault.

[0045] Specifically, the arc energy generated when arc fault occurs is composed of electric energy and arc energy, that is: 电弧 P 电能 = P 弧能 + P i ; Fig. 1 is a principle diagram of arc fault detection, as shown in Fig. 1, the following derivation is made:

[0046] Because: 电弧 P L = P 电能 + P 弧能 + P L ; P 电能 = U 电弧 × I 电能 ; P 弧能 = U 电弧 × I 弧能 ; I L = I i , U L = YU i ;

[0047] Therefore, P L = I i U i = P i ;

[0048] Let I 电能 = XI i ; U 电弧 = YU i ; (0≤X≤1, 0≤Y≤1);

[0049] Then I 弧能 = (1-X)I i ; U 电弧 = YU i ;

[0050] Therefore, P 弧能 = (1-X)I i YUi = (1 - X)YP i ;

[0051] Explanation:

[0052] (1) When X = 1, Y = 0, no arc occurs;

[0053] (2) When X = 0, Y = 1, parallel arc occurs;

[0054] (3) When 0 < X < 1, 0 < Y < 1, series arc occurs.

[0055] Therefore, based on P 电弧 = P 电能 + P 弧能 This principle, if the arc fault power and arc energy can be detected, when the arc fault occurs, it can accurately detect whether the arc fault occurs.

[0056] Secondly, the principle of detecting the sound wave signal conducted by the to-be-detected line through the solid conduction microphone is explained. The sound wave is a kind of mechanical elastic wave, the frequency below 20Hz is called infrasound wave, the frequency in the range of 20Hz-20kHz is called audio sound wave, and the frequency above 20kHz is called ultrasonic wave; the sound wave can be naturally conducted in solid materials, and the sound wave signal conducted in solid materials when the arc fault occurs can be detected, and the arc fault can be detected based on this.

[0057] The conductor of the to-be-detected line is commonly a copper conductor, an aluminum conductor, an alloy conductor, etc., the conductor has the ability to conduct electricity, and also has the ability to conduct sound or transmit sound; that is, the sound wave signal generated by the arc fault can be conducted through the conductor of the to-be-detected line; the present application studies this physical phenomenon of conducting sound wave signal through the conductor, and the study shows that the sound wave signal generated by the arc fault can be effectively detected at a relatively long distance (such as more than 500 meters) when it is conducted through the conductor, and this detection through the conductor to conduct the sound wave signal realizes an innovative method for arc fault detection.

[0058] The conduction characteristics of the sound wave signal in the solid material (such as the conductor of the to-be-detected line) depend on the inherent characteristics and boundary conditions of the solid material, and in the solid material, the sound wave signal can be conducted by various wave types such as longitudinal waves and transverse waves, and for the power transmission system, the most commonly used conductor in the equipment and lines including power generation, power transmission and power distribution is metal conductor (the conductor is metal material), and next, taking the copper conductor as an example, the conduction characteristics of the sound wave signal are explained.

[0059] Sound waves can propagate in media such as gas, liquid and solid, and cannot propagate in vacuum; thus, sound waves are mechanical elastic waves; according to the classical theory of acoustics, the conduction of sound waves in copper conductors will follow the following physical principles:

[0060] (1) When sound waves propagate in media, the sound velocity in solid > the sound velocity in liquid > the sound velocity in gas, and the conduction velocity in solid is fast;

[0061] (2) When sound waves propagate in media, the attenuation in solid < the attenuation in liquid < the attenuation in gas, and the conduction loss in solid is small;

[0062] (3) When sound waves propagate in media, the lower the frequency of sound waves, the smaller the conduction attenuation, and the higher the frequency of sound waves, the greater the conduction attenuation.

[0063] In a typical power transmission system, the cross-sectional diameter of the copper conductor (such as less than 26 mm) is much smaller than the length of the copper conductor (such as greater than 500 m), so the sound wave signal conducted by the copper conductor is mainly in the form of longitudinal wave; according to the theory of sound wave conduction, the copper conductor can be regarded as a waveguide structure for conducting sound waves along the length direction, so the conduction characteristics of plane waves in longitudinal waves can be studied according to the theory of sound wave guide.

[0064] Sound intensity is the main parameter for measuring the size and strength of a sound source, and the sound intensity will gradually decrease with the increase of the conduction distance of sound wave signals in copper conductors. According to the theory of acoustics, the attenuation law of sound intensity in copper conductors follows the formula: x I = I0e -2αx .

[0065] Where x is the distance from the sound source, I x is the sound intensity at a distance of x from the sound source, I0 is the sound intensity at the sound source, and a is the attenuation coefficient of the medium; the attenuation constant of sound waves in solid copper material is 445 Np / m, and the ratio of the attenuation coefficient to the attenuation constant is the square of the frequency of sound waves, i.e. a = A·f 2 , according to the acoustic law of solid attenuation < liquid attenuation < gas attenuation, under the premise that the air attenuation coefficient of sound waves is 2.0×10 -11 ·f 2 , considering the parameter error between theory and practice, the attenuation coefficient value of sound waves in solid copper material can be set to: 4.45×10 -11 ·f 2 ; since 4.45×10 -11 ·f 2 and 2.0×10 -11 ·f 2The quantity order is quite comparable, and the theoretical calculation will not greatly break the limit of acoustic principle, secondly, when there is no recognized copper wire attenuation coefficient, the research is started from the difficult point. Therefore, such setting is reliable and can be verified by experiment, in the audio frequency band, that is, below 20 kHz frequency, its actual attenuation condition in copper wire is basically in line with reality.

[0066] Based on the attenuation coefficient, the theoretical value of the conduction distance of the sound wave in the copper wire can be obtained:

[0067] In the copper wire, when the sound intensity level attenuation value at the distance x from the sound source is 60 dB, the calculation can obtain that the conduction distance of the sound wave can reach 506.87 m at the sound wave frequency of 17.5 kHz, and the conduction distance of the sound wave will be greater than the value at the sound wave frequency below 17.5 kHz. Through the arc fault experiment verification, the calculation data and the experimental data are both conservative values, and the actual sound wave conduction distance value will be greater, that is, the measured data of the conduction distance of the arc energy sound wave in the copper wire is greater than the above theoretical calculation data, therefore, this estimation method is in line with the actual engineering application, and can be adopted, which also provides a theoretical basis for the method of detecting the sound wave signal conducted by the wire.

[0068] The detection of the sound wave signal conducted through the solid is completely different from the detection of the sound wave signal propagated through the air, for the sound wave signal conducted through the solid, a solid conduction microphone (which belongs to a contact type microphone, such as a bone conduction microphone) needs to be used to effectively detect the sound wave signal conducted through the solid based on the vibration pickup principle, and this direct contact type detection method with the solid medium also has the ability to resist air noise interference.

[0069] Based on the above two principles (the arc energy is equal to the electric energy plus the arc energy, and the solid conduction microphone is used to detect the sound wave signal conducted through the solid medium), the arc fault detection circuit and the arc fault detection method of the application are designed.

[0070] The arc fault detection circuit provided by the application detects the sound wave signal conducted through the to-be-detected line through the solid conduction microphone, and outputs the corresponding sound-electricity signal, analyzes the arc energy characteristic of the to-be-detected line according to the sound-electricity signal, detects the electric energy characteristic of the to-be-detected line, and determines the arc fault result of the to-be-detected line in combination with the arc energy characteristic and the electric energy characteristic; on the basis of detecting the arc fault according to the electric energy characteristic, the arc energy characteristic is superimposed, and the integrity, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection are improved; in addition, the sound wave signal is affected by environmental noise, obstacles and the like during air propagation, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the sound wave signal, and thus it is difficult to accurately detect the arc energy characteristic through the sound wave signal, the solid conduction microphone is used to detect the sound wave signal conducted through the to-be-detected line, the conduction speed is fast, the conduction loss is small, and the low-frequency loss is small, so that the attenuation and distortion of the sound wave signal are greatly reduced, the quality of the detected sound wave signal is improved, and the integrity, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection are further improved.

[0071] The technical solutions of the application and how the technical solutions solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0072] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arc fault detection circuit provided by the application, as shown in Fig. 2, the circuit comprises: a solid conduction microphone 201 for detecting the sound wave signal conducted by the to-be-detected line and converting the sound wave signal into a sound-electricity signal for output; the solid conduction microphone 201 is arranged on the to-be-detected line, and the solid conduction microphone 201 is connected with a processing module 202; a power wave detection module 203 for detecting the electric energy signal of the to-be-detected line; the power wave detection module 203 is connected with the processing module 202; the processing module 202 is used for extracting the arc energy sound wave characteristic according to the sound-electricity signal, determining the electric energy characteristic according to the electric energy signal, and determining the arc fault result of the to-be-detected line according to the arc energy sound wave characteristic and the electric energy characteristic.

[0073] The to-be-detected line is a line in the to-be-detected circuit system; the solid conduction microphone is arranged on the to-be-detected line and must be connected with the wire layer of the to-be-detected line; it can be understood that the to-be-detected line comprises a wire layer and an insulating layer, the wire layer and the insulating layer are different medium materials, according to the acoustic theory, the sound wave will propagate according to the incidence, refraction and reflection principles between different media, and the multiple incidence, refraction and reflection of the sound wave will certainly produce great attenuation and reduce the conduction efficiency; the wire layer is usually a homogeneous metal material, and the sound wave propagation of the homogeneous material is the transmission principle, so that the wire layer can be used as an excellent medium for sound wave conduction.

[0074] Specifically, the sound wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line is detected by the solid conduction microphone, the solid conduction microphone converts the detected sound wave signal into an acoustoelectric signal and outputs the acoustoelectric signal to the processing module, the processing module extracts the arc energy sound wave feature according to the acoustoelectric signal; the power signal of the to-be-tested line is detected by the power wave module, and the power signal is output to the processing module; the processing module determines the power feature according to the power signal, and determines the arc fault result according to the arc energy sound wave feature and the power feature.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 3, the processing module 202 further includes a photoelectric isolation unit 301, a filtering and conversion unit 302, and a processing unit 303; one end of the photoelectric isolation unit 301 is connected to the output end of the solid conduction microphone 201, the other end of the photoelectric isolation unit 301 is connected to one end of the filtering and conversion unit 302, and the other end of the filtering and conversion unit 302 is connected to the processing unit 303; specifically, the solid conduction microphone 201 outputs the acoustoelectric signal to the photoelectric isolation unit 301, the acoustoelectric signal is output to the filtering and conversion unit 302 after photoelectric isolation processing, the filtering and conversion unit 302 performs filtering processing and analog-digital conversion processing to obtain a digital signal and output the digital signal to the processing unit 303, and the processing unit 303 extracts the arc energy sound wave feature according to the digital signal.

[0076] The arc fault detection circuit provided by the present application detects the sound wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line through the solid conduction microphone, and outputs the corresponding acoustoelectric signal, analyzes the arc energy feature of the to-be-tested line according to the acoustoelectric signal, detects the power feature of the to-be-tested line, and determines the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line in combination with the arc energy feature and the power feature; on the basis of detecting the arc fault according to the power feature, the arc energy feature is superimposed, which improves the accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection; in addition, the sound wave signal is affected by environmental noise, obstacles, etc. during air propagation, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the sound wave signal, and thus it is difficult to accurately detect the arc energy feature through the sound wave signal. The present application detects the sound wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line through the solid conduction microphone, which has fast conduction speed, small conduction loss and less low-frequency loss, greatly reduces the attenuation and distortion of the sound wave signal, improves the quality of the detected sound wave signal, and further improves the integrity, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection.

[0077] In some embodiments, the to-be-tested line includes a power supply line connected between the power supply and the load and connected to the power supply output end.

[0078] In some embodiments, the to-be-tested line further includes a return line connected between the power supply and the load and connected to the power supply return end.

[0079] In the circuit system, one end of the power supply line is connected to the power supply output end (positive pole), or the power supply line is a phase line, and the return line is connected to the power supply return end (negative pole), or the return line is a zero line.

[0080] It should be noted that the power supply circuit and the return circuit are two different to-be-detected circuits, the first solid conduction microphone can be arranged on the power supply circuit, and the first solid conduction microphone is used for detecting the acoustic wave signal generated by the arc fault occurring on the power supply circuit; the second solid conduction microphone is arranged on the return circuit, and the second solid conduction microphone is used for detecting the acoustic wave signal generated by the arc fault occurring on the return circuit; that is, the acoustic wave signals conducted by different to-be-detected circuits are detected by different solid conduction microphones.

[0081] It should be noted that when the acoustic wave signal is conducted in the same solid medium, the conduction characteristic parameters such as sound speed, acoustic resistance and acoustic attenuation coefficient are completely the same, that is, without changing the conduction medium, even if the solid medium is extended by a mechanical connection method (such as maintaining the circuit transmission by extending the wire), the conduction characteristics of the acoustic wave signal will remain unchanged; if the conduction medium changes, the acoustic wave signal will be conducted from one solid medium to another solid medium, and the phenomena of incidence, refraction and reflection will occur, thereby changing the conduction characteristics of the acoustic wave signal and affecting the quality of the detected acoustic wave signal.

[0082] For example, in the circuit system, the materials of the line, the power supply and the load are different, when the arc fault occurs on the power supply circuit, the acoustic wave signal is conducted through the power supply circuit, and when the acoustic wave signal continues to be conducted to the rear end of the power supply or the load, the conduction characteristics will change, if the solid conduction microphone arranged on the return circuit detects the acoustic wave signal with the power supply circuit as the source, the acoustic wave signal detected by the solid conduction microphone may be poor in quality or even undetectable, thereby affecting the accuracy of the arc fault detection result.

[0083] In order to avoid the change of the conduction characteristics of the acoustic wave signal when it is conducted in different solid media, thereby affecting the arc fault detection result, the acoustic wave signals conducted by different to-be-detected circuits are detected by different solid conduction microphones; specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the to-be-detected circuit includes a power supply circuit A and a return circuit B, wherein the solid conduction microphone v1 is used for detecting the acoustic wave signal conducted by the power supply circuit A, and the solid conduction microphone v2 is used for detecting the acoustic wave signal conducted by the return circuit B; so that the acoustic wave signals generated by the arc faults occurring on the power supply circuit and the return circuit can be effectively detected.

[0084] In some embodiments, the solid-conducting microphone can include at least two sub-microphones, i.e., the solid-conducting microphone array is composed of at least two sub-microphones; in use, the at least two sub-microphones are arranged on the to-be-tested line, each of the at least two sub-microphones detects a sub-acoustic wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line, and the at least two sub-acoustic wave signals are superimposed to obtain an acoustic wave signal detected by the solid-conducting microphone. The superimposed operation of the at least two sub-acoustic wave signals can be implemented by using mathematical calculation methods such as mean value, variance, weight value, and vector.

[0085] In the above embodiments, the to-be-tested line includes a power supply line between a power supply and a load, and the first solid-conducting microphone arranged on the power supply line detects an acoustic wave signal generated by an arc fault occurring on the power supply line; the to-be-tested line further includes a return signal line, and the second solid-conducting microphone arranged on the return signal line detects an acoustic wave signal generated by an arc fault occurring on the return signal line, thereby avoiding the detection of the acoustic wave signal conducted across the medium, so that the arc energy acoustic wave signals generated by the arc faults occurring on the power supply line and the return signal line can be effectively detected, the quality of the detected arc energy acoustic wave signals is improved, and the accuracy and reliability of the arc fault detection result are further improved.

[0086] In some embodiments, the solid-conducting microphone is connected to a connection terminal of the to-be-tested line, and the connection terminal is a terminal connected to the load; or the solid-conducting microphone is contactingly arranged on a conductor surface of the to-be-tested line.

[0087] In one implementation, the to-be-tested line is a line between a power supply and a load, and thus the to-be-tested line includes a connection terminal for connecting the load. The solid-conducting microphone is connected to the connection terminal of the to-be-tested line, and the connection terminal has the same material as the conductor of the to-be-tested line. When the acoustic wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line reaches the connection terminal, the conduction characteristic is not changed, and thus the solid-conducting microphone connected to the connection terminal can detect the acoustic wave signal generated by the arc fault occurring on the to-be-tested line.

[0088] In another implementation, the solid-conducting microphone is contactingly arranged on a conductor surface of the to-be-tested line. The solid-conducting microphone can be attached to the conductor surface of the to-be-tested line, and the solid-conducting microphone and the conductor are wrapped together by the insulation layer of the to-be-tested line, so that the solid-conducting microphone is closely attached to the conductor surface, and the solid-conducting microphone can detect the acoustic wave signal generated by the arc fault occurring on the to-be-tested line.

[0089] In the above embodiment, the solid-conducting microphone is connected to the connection terminal of the to-be-tested line or is contactingly arranged on the conductor surface of the to-be-tested line, so that the solid-conducting microphone can effectively detect the sound wave signal conducted through the to-be-tested line, improve the quality of the detected sound wave signal, and further improve the accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection.

[0090] The arc fault detection circuit detects the sound wave signal conducted through the to-be-tested line through the solid-conducting microphone and outputs the corresponding acoustoelectric signal, analyzes the arc energy characteristic of the to-be-tested line according to the acoustoelectric signal, detects the electric energy characteristic of the to-be-tested line, and determines the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line in combination with the arc energy characteristic and the electric energy characteristic. On the basis of detecting the arc fault according to the electric energy characteristic, the arc energy characteristic is superimposed to improve the accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection. In addition, the sound wave signal is affected by environmental noise, obstacles and the like during air propagation, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the sound wave signal, and further difficulty in accurately detecting the arc energy characteristic through the sound wave signal. The application detects the sound wave signal conducted through the to-be-tested line through the solid-conducting microphone, has fast conduction speed, small conduction loss and less low-frequency loss, greatly reduces the attenuation and distortion of the sound wave signal, improves the quality of the detected sound wave signal, and further improves the integrity, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection.

[0091] The application also provides an arc fault detection method applied to an arc fault detection circuit, as shown in FIG. 5, which comprises the following steps:

[0092] S501, detecting the sound wave signal conducted through the to-be-tested line by the solid-conducting microphone arranged on the to-be-tested line and converting the sound wave signal into an acoustoelectric signal for output.

[0093] The to-be-tested line is a line in a to-be-tested circuit system, and the to-be-tested line comprises a power supply line connected between a power supply and a load and connected to a power supply output end, and can also comprise a return line connected between the power supply and the load and connected to a power supply return end. A first solid-conducting microphone can be arranged on the power supply line, and the first solid-conducting microphone is used for detecting the sound wave signal generated by the arc fault occurring on the power supply line. A second solid-conducting microphone is arranged on the return line, and the second solid-conducting microphone is used for detecting the sound wave signal generated by the arc fault occurring on the return line.

[0094] The first solid-conducting microphone is taken as an example for description; the first solid-conducting microphone arranged on the power supply line is used for detecting the sound wave signal conducted through the power supply line in real time, and converting the sound wave signal into an acoustoelectric signal for output.

[0095] S502, detecting the electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line.

[0096] The embodiment can detect the electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line through the power wave detection module in the arc fault detection circuit.

[0097] S503, extracting arc energy acoustic wave features according to the acoustoelectric signal, determining electric energy features according to the electric energy signal, and determining the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave features and the electric energy features.

[0098] The embodiment can be implemented through a processing module in the arc fault detection circuit; the processing module extracts arc energy acoustic wave features according to the acoustoelectric signal and determines electric energy features according to the electric energy signal.

[0099] Specifically, the processing module performs photoelectric isolation, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the acoustoelectric signal to obtain a digital signal, and extracts arc energy acoustic wave features based on the digital signal; the processing module determines electric energy features according to the electric energy signal.

[0100] The processing module obtains preset arc energy acoustic wave features and preset electric energy features of the to-be-tested line, and determines the arc fault result according to the arc energy acoustic wave features, the preset arc energy acoustic wave features, the electric energy features and the preset electric energy features.

[0101] The arc fault detection method described above detects the acoustic wave signal conducted through the to-be-tested line through a solid conduction microphone, and outputs a corresponding acoustoelectric signal, analyzes the arc energy features of the to-be-tested line according to the acoustoelectric signal, detects the electric energy features of the to-be-tested line, and determines the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line in combination with the arc energy features and the electric energy features; on the basis of detecting the arc fault according to the electric energy features, the arc energy features are superimposed to improve the accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection; in addition, the acoustic wave signal is affected by environmental noise, obstacles and the like during air propagation, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the acoustic wave signal, and thus it is difficult to accurately detect the arc energy features through the acoustic wave signal; the present application detects the acoustic wave signal conducted through the to-be-tested line through a solid conduction microphone, has fast conduction speed, small conduction loss and less low-frequency loss, greatly reduces the attenuation and distortion of the acoustic wave signal, improves the quality of the detected acoustic wave signal, and further improves the integrity, accuracy and reliability of arc fault detection.

[0102] In some embodiments, determining the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave features and the electric energy features includes: comparing and analyzing the arc energy acoustic wave features and preset arc energy acoustic wave features to obtain arc energy detection results; comparing and analyzing the electric energy features and preset electric energy features to obtain electric energy detection results; and determining the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line based on the arc energy detection results and the electric energy detection results.

[0103] Specifically, the arc energy detection result is determined by comparing the arc energy feature and the preset arc energy feature in terms of spectrum feature, phase feature, amplitude feature and power feature, and the arc energy detection result is normal or abnormal; the electric energy detection result is determined by comparing the electric energy feature and the preset electric energy feature in terms of spectrum feature, phase feature, amplitude feature and power feature, and the electric energy detection result is normal or abnormal.

[0104] In actual application, for the arc energy feature and the preset arc energy feature, first feature similarities of the arc energy feature and the preset arc energy feature in terms of spectrum feature, phase feature, amplitude feature and power feature are determined, a first target similarity is determined based on the first feature similarities, in a case where the first target similarity is greater than a first similarity threshold, it is determined that the arc energy detection result is abnormal, and in a case where the first target similarity is not greater than the first similarity threshold, it is determined that the arc energy detection result is normal; the first similarity threshold can be determined according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the first similarity threshold.

[0105] For the electric energy feature and the preset electric energy feature, second feature similarities of the electric energy feature and the preset electric energy feature in terms of spectrum feature, phase feature, amplitude feature and power feature are determined, a second target similarity is determined based on the second feature similarities, in a case where the second target similarity is greater than a second similarity threshold, it is determined that the electric energy detection result is abnormal, and in a case where the second target similarity is not greater than the second similarity threshold, it is determined that the electric energy detection result is normal; the second similarity threshold can be determined according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the second similarity threshold.

[0106] In a case where the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result are both abnormal (the first target similarity is greater than the first similarity threshold, and the second target similarity is greater than the second similarity threshold), or in a case where one of the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result is abnormal (the first target similarity is greater than the first similarity threshold, or the second target similarity is greater than the second similarity threshold), it is determined that the electric arc fault result is abnormal; in a case where the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result are both normal (the first target similarity is not greater than the first similarity threshold, and the second target similarity is not greater than the second similarity threshold), it is determined that the electric arc fault result is normal.

[0107] The electric arc fault result being abnormal indicates that an electric arc fault occurs on the to-be-detected line, and the electric arc fault result being normal indicates that no electric arc fault occurs on the to-be-detected line.

[0108] The above-mentioned scheme of determining the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result, and determining the electric arc fault result according to the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result is only an example; in actual application, after the arc energy feature and the electric energy feature are detected, other ways can also be used to determine the electric arc fault result.

[0109] In the above embodiments, the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line is determined according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature, the preset arc energy acoustic wave feature, the electric energy feature and the preset electric energy feature, that is, on the basis of detecting the electric energy feature, the arc energy acoustic wave feature is superimposed, the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line is comprehensively detected, and the integrity, accuracy and reliability of the arc fault result are improved.

[0110] In one application scenario, the arc fault occurs between the arc fault detection circuit and the load; as shown in FIG. 6, between the arc fault detection circuit and the load, the ground arc fault, the series arc fault and the parallel arc fault can occur; when the arc fault occurs on the to-be-tested line, the breakdown of the insulation medium and the electrode vibration phenomenon will occur between the two electrodes generating the arc, according to the theory of mechanical wave generated by vibration in physics, at the same time when the breakdown of the insulation medium and the electrode vibration phenomenon occurs, the propagation and conduction phenomenon of the acoustic wave signal will occur between the two electrodes, the propagation is carried out in the air, and the conduction is carried out in the to-be-tested line; the acoustic wave signal and the electric energy signal generated when the arc fault occurs have specific features; accordingly, the solid conduction microphone detects the acoustic wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line, according to the soft and hard combined MCU embedded technology, the specific acoustic wave frequency spectrum feature, the phase feature, the amplitude feature and the power spectrum feature generated by the arc fault occurring in the live wire are sensed, received, processed, calculated, compared and distinguished, on the basis of superimposing the arc fault electric energy signal detection, the detection of the arc fault is completed, when the arc fault result is abnormal, the action unit can be controlled to cut off the power supply through the circuit breaking contact to realize the circuit breaking protection function.

[0111] In another application scenario, the arc fault occurs between the arc fault detection circuit and the power supply; as shown in FIG. 7, between the arc fault detection circuit and the power supply, the ground arc fault, the series arc fault and the parallel arc fault can occur; the solid conduction microphone detects the acoustic wave signal conducted by the to-be-tested line, according to the soft and hard combined MCU embedded technology, the specific acoustic wave frequency spectrum feature, the phase feature, the amplitude feature and the power spectrum feature generated by the arc fault occurring in the live wire are sensed, received, processed, calculated, compared and distinguished, on the basis of superimposing the arc fault electric energy signal detection, the detection of the arc fault is completed, when the arc fault result is abnormal, the action unit can be controlled to cut off the power supply through the circuit breaking contact to realize the circuit breaking protection function.

[0112] In some embodiments, a solid conduction microphone can be selected according to the actual application scenario, such as a MEMS sensor, a piezoelectric ceramic sensor, a laser sensor, etc., which can realize reliable measurement of the conduction sound wave signal in the solid, reduce the misjudgment rate, improve the reliability, and take into account the economy and practicability. As for the selection of the solid conduction microphone, the present application does not make specific limitations, and it should be understood that any solid conduction microphone is within the scope of the present application.

[0113] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of an arc fault detection device provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the arc fault detection device 80 provided by the present embodiment includes:

[0114] The sound wave detection module 801 is configured to detect a sound wave signal conducted by the to-be-measured line through a solid conduction microphone arranged on the to-be-measured line, and convert the sound wave signal into an acoustic-electric signal output;

[0115] The power wave detection module 802 is configured to detect an electric energy signal of the to-be-measured line.

[0116] The result determination module 803 is further configured to extract an arc energy sound wave feature from the acoustic-electric signal, determine an electric energy feature from the electric energy signal, and determine an arc fault result of the to-be-measured line based on the arc energy sound wave feature and the electric energy feature.

[0117] In a possible implementation, the result determination module is further configured to compare and analyze the arc energy sound wave feature and a preset arc energy sound wave feature to obtain an arc energy detection result; compare and analyze the electric energy feature and a preset electric energy feature to obtain an electric energy detection result; and determine the arc fault result of the to-be-measured line based on the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result.

[0118] The arc fault detection device provided by the present embodiment can perform the method provided by the above method embodiment, and has similar implementation principles and technical effects, which will not be described here again.

[0119] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an arc fault detection device provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the electronic device 90 provided by the present embodiment includes at least one processor 901 and a memory 902. Optionally, the device 90 further includes a communication component 903. The processor 901, the memory 902, and the communication component 903 are connected through a bus 904.

[0120] In the specific implementation process, the at least one processor 901 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 902, so that the at least one processor 901 executes the above method.

[0121] The specific implementation process of the processor 901 can refer to the above method embodiment, which has similar implementation principles and technical effects, and will not be described here again.

[0122] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor and the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the present application can be directly embodied as hardware processor execution, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0123] The memory can include a random access memory (RAM), and can also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0124] The bus can be an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, a peripheral component (PCI) bus, an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application does not limit to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0125] The present application also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.

[0126] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer execution instructions, and when a processor executes the computer execution instructions, the above method is implemented.

[0127] The above readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0128] An example readable storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and can write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a part of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the device.

[0129] The division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there can be another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0130] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0131] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0132] If the functions are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the essential part or part of the technical solutions that make contributions to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0133] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by a program instruction related hardware. The foregoing program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program executes to perform the steps of the foregoing method embodiments when executed; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media capable of storing program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0134] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon review of the specification and practice of the application. The application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the application including departures from the precise methods described herein and variations and modifications in the application that are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art and which fall within the scope of the application. The application is not limited to the precise structures described and illustrated herein, and the scope of the application is limited only by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. An arc fault detection circuit, comprising: The application comprises: a solid conduction microphone for detecting an acoustic wave signal conducted by a to-be-tested line and converting the acoustic wave signal into an acoustic-electric signal output; the solid conduction microphone is arranged on the to-be-tested line and connected with a processing module; a power wave detection module for detecting an electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line; the power wave detection module is connected with the processing module; and the processing module is used for extracting an arc energy acoustic wave feature according to the acoustic-electric signal, determining an electric energy feature according to the electric energy signal, and determining an arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electric energy feature.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, The to-be-tested line comprises a power supply line between a power supply and a load and connected with a power supply output end.

3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein, The to-be-tested line further comprises a return line between the power supply and the load and connected with a power supply return end.

4. The circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The solid conduction microphone is connected with a connection terminal of the to-be-tested line, and the connection terminal is a terminal connected with the load.

5. The circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The solid conduction microphone is arranged in contact with a conductor surface of the to-be-tested line.

6. An arc fault detection method, wherein, The arc fault detection circuit is executed, comprising: detecting an acoustic wave signal conducted by a to-be-tested line through a solid conduction microphone arranged on the to-be-tested line and converting the acoustic wave signal into an acoustic-electric signal output; detecting an electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line; and extracting an arc energy acoustic wave feature according to the acoustic-electric signal, determining an electric energy feature according to the electric energy signal, and determining an arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electric energy feature.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The determination of the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electric energy feature comprises: comparing and analyzing the arc energy acoustic wave feature and a preset arc energy acoustic wave feature to obtain an arc energy detection result; comparing and analyzing the electric energy feature and a preset electric energy feature to obtain an electric energy detection result; and determining the arc fault result of the to-be-tested line based on the arc energy detection result and the electric energy detection result.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, The to-be-tested line comprises a power supply line between a power supply and a load and connected with a power supply output end.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The to-be-tested line further comprises a return line between the power supply and the load and connected with a power supply return end.

10. An arc fault detection apparatus, wherein, The application comprises: an acoustic wave detection module for detecting an acoustic wave signal conducted by a to-be-tested line through a solid conduction microphone arranged on the to-be-tested line and converting the acoustic wave signal into an acoustic-electric signal output; a power wave detection module for detecting an electric energy signal of the to-be-tested line; and a result determination module for extracting an arc energy acoustic wave feature according to the acoustic-electric signal, determining an electric energy feature according to the electric energy signal, and determining an arc fault result of the to-be-tested line according to the arc energy acoustic wave feature and the electric energy feature.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The to-be-tested line comprises a power supply line between a power supply and a load and connected with a power supply output end.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, The to-be-tested line further comprises a return line between the power supply and the load and connected with a power supply return end.

13. An arc fault detection device, wherein, The application comprises: a memory and a processor; the memory stores computer execution instructions; The processor executes computer-executed instructions stored by the memory such that the processor performs the method of any of claims 6-9.

14. A computer readable storage medium, wherein, The computer-readable storage medium has stored therein computer-executed instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 6-9.

15. A computer program product, wherein, A computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 6-9.

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