Oral care compositions

Abstract

Oral care compositions containing coconut oil are disclosed, and methods of making and using the same.

Description

[0001] Attorney Docket No. 105618-00014

[0002] ORAL CARE COMPOSITIONS

[0003] BACKGROUND

[0004] A continuing need exists for anti-plaque, anti-tartar (calculus), and anti -gingivitis compounds for oral care.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] The present disclosure provides oral care compositions comprising coconut oil and an alkyl polyglucoside. The composition may further comprise one or more of a binder, a preservative, a humectant, a flavoring agent, an anti-tartar agent, an abrasive, and water.

[0007] The present disclosure provides an oral composition such as a dentifrice, toothpaste, tooth gel, liquid dentifrice, or a food, diet, or chewable product useful for cleaning, and maintaining the pH in an oral cavity of a subject.

[0008] Further, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating gingivitis or periodontal disease in a subject.

[0009] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The concepts described herein are illustrative by way of example and not by way of limitation in the accompanying figures.

[0011] FIG. 1 shows a table of the change in optical density of plaque samples in response to various treatments.

[0012] FIG. 2 shows a bar graph showing bacterial growth measured by optical density after various treatments. FIG. 3 shows a table of the change in pH of plaque samples in response to various treatments.

[0013] FIG. 4 shows a bar graph showing the change in pH over time after various treatments.

[0014] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] As used herein, unless indicated otherwise, a percent of any substance refers to the weight percent of that substance as calculated by dividing the weight of the substance by the total weight of the mixture in which the substance is found, multiplied by 100%. The percent may be written as % or wt.%. For example, if a composition as disclosed herein weighs 100 grams and a component is present in an amount of 5%, then the component weighs about 5 grams. Definitions

[0016] As used herein, a component or composition is “substantially free of’ one or more other components if the compound or composition contains no significant amount of such other components. For example, the composition can contain less than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% by weight of other components.

[0017] As used herein, “substantially pure,” when used in reference to the disclosed composition or a component of the composition, means a sample of the composition or component having a purity greater than 90%, including greater than 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, and 99%, and also including equal to about 100% of the compound, based on the weight of the composition or component, respectively.

[0018] To provide a more concise description, some of the quantitative expressions herein are recited as a range from about amount X to about amount Y. It is understood that when a range is recited, the range is not limited to the recited upper and lower bounds, but rather includes the full range from about amount X through about amount Y, or any range therein. Unless indicated otherwise, each numerical range expressly includes all subranges and individual values encompassed by that range, including the stated endpoints.

[0019] As used herein, “alkyl poly lucoside” (APG) refers to a class of nonionic surfactants having the general formula R-(G)_x, where R is a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and G is a glucose residue; x represents the average degree of polymerization and is typically 1.2 to 1.8. Suitable APGs include, without limitation, capryl / caprylyl glucoside (C8- C10), decyl glucoside (C9-C11), lauryl glucoside (C12-C14), myristyl glucoside (C14-C16), and mixtures thereof. As used herein, APGs meeting these structural characteristics are functionally interchangeable within the concentration ranges described. As used herein, a “cleansing-effective amount” or “cleaning effect” of an alkyl polyglucoside is an amount that produces a measurable reduction in plaque biofilm accumulation or bacterial regrowth versus a composition lacking APG under standardized conditions (e.g., a reduction of about 10% or more in calculus scoring (or “calculus score”) over a defined interval).

[0020] “Plant-derived” refers to materials whose carbon content originates predominantly from plant sources (e.g., fatty alcohols from coconut or palm-kernel oils and saccharides from starch or sugar crops). Bio-based carbon content may be determined per ASTM D6866.

[0021] “Room temperature” or “RT” refers to the ambient temperature of a typical laboratory, which is typically around 25° C.

[0022] “Subject” refers to a living organism that is treated with a composition of the present disclosure, including without limitation any mammal such as, for example, humans, other primates (e.g., monkeys, chimpanzees, etc.), companion animals (e.g., dogs, cats, horses, etc.), farm animals (e.g., goats, sheep, pigs, cattle, etc.), laboratory animals (e.g., mice, rats, etc.), and wild and zoo animals (e g., wolves, bears, deer, etc.). In some embodiments, the subject is a companion animal. In some embodiments, the subject is a dog.

[0023] The embodiments described below are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the compositions or methods to the precise forms disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may appreciate and understand the principles and practices of this disclosure.

[0024] THE COMPOSITION

[0025] The present disclosure provides an oral composition that may be provided as a liquid, a gel, a paste, an edible product, a chewable product, or a powder to a subject. The oral composition may comprise one or more anti-plaque agents. The oral composition may comprise one or more anti-tartar agents. In some embodiments, the oral composition comprises one or more anti-plaque agents and one or more anti-tartar agents.

[0026] In some embodiments, the oral composition comprises an oil, an anti-plaque agent, and a medium. In some embodiments, the oil is present in the composition in an amount of at least about 5%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, or at least about 30%. The oil may be present in the composition in an amount of up to about 35%, up to about 30%, up to about 25%, up to about 20%, up to about 15%, up to about 10%, or up to about 5%.

[0027] The oil may be present in the composition in an amount of about 1% to about 30%, about 2% to about 30%, about 3% to about 30%, about 4% to about 30%, about 5% to about 30%, about 6% to about 30%, about 7% to about 30%, about 8% to about 30%, about 9% to about 30%, about 10% to about 30%, about 15% to about 30%, about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 11%, about 5% to about 12%, about 5% to about 13%, about 5% to about 14%, about 5% to about 15%, about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about 25%, about 5% to about 30%, about 8% to about 12%, about 8% to about 13%, about 8% to about 14%, about 8% to about 15%, about 8% to about 16%, about 8% to about 17%, about 8% to about 18%, about 8% to about 19%, about 8% to about 20%, about 10% to about 12%, about 10% to about 13%, about 10% to about 14%, about 10% to about 15%, about 10% to about 20%, about 10% to about 25%, about 11% to about 12%, about 11% to about 13%, about 11% to about 14%, about 11% to about 15%, about 11% to about 16%, about 11% to about 17%, about 11% to about 18%, about 11% to about 19%, about 11% to about 20%, about 12% to about 13%, about 12% to about 14%, about 12% to about 15%, about 13% to about 14%, about 13% to about 15%, about 15% to about 20%, about 15% to about 25%, about 15% to about 30%, about 20% to about 25%, about 20% to about 30%, or about 25% to about 30%. In some embodiments, the oil is present in the composition in an amount of about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, or about 15%.

[0028] The oil may be selected from any oil having a melting temperature above about 22°C and non-toxic to a subject. The oil may be a mixture of one or more oils, where at least one oil is an oil having a melting temperature above about 22°C and is present in the mixture in an amount of at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, or at least about 95%. In some embodiments, the oil may include coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cocoa butter, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the oil may comprise coconut oil. In some embodiments the oil may comprise substantially pure coconut oil. The oil may consist essentially coconut oil. In some embodiments, the oil is coconut oil.

[0029] The anti-plaque agent may be present in the composition in an amount of at least about 0.05%, at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 1%, at least about 1.5%, at least about 2%, at least about 2.5%, at least about 3%, at least about 3.5%, at least about 4%, at least about 4.5%, at least about 5%, at least about 5.5%, at least about 6%, at least about 6.5%, or at least about 7%. The anti-plaque agent may be present in the composition in an amount up to about 7%, up to about 6.5%, up to about 6%, up to about 5.5%, up to about 5%, up to about 4.5%, up to about 3.5%, up to about 3%, up to about 2.5%, up to about 2%, up to about 1.5%, up to about 1%, up to about 0.5%, up to about 0.1%, or up to about 0.05%.

[0030] In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent may be present in the composition in an amount of about 0.05% to about 7%, about 0.05% to about 6.5%, about 0.05% to about 6%, about 0.05% to about 5.5%, about 0.05% to about 5%, about 0.05% to about 4.5%, about 0.05% to about 4%, about 0.05% to about 3.5%, about 0.05% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 7%, about 0.1% to 6.5%, about 0.1% to about 6%, about 0.1% to about 5.5%, about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.1% to about 4.5%, about 0.1 % to about 4%, about 0.1 % to about 3.5%, about 0.1 % to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2.5%, about 1% to 7%, about 1% to 6.5%, about 1% to 6%, about 1% to about 5.5%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 4.5%, about 1% to about 4%, about 1% to about 3.5%, about 1% to about 3%, or about 2% to about 4%.

[0031] In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent may be present in the composition in an amount of about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.15%, about 0.5%, about 1%, about 1.5%, about 2%, about 2.5%, about 3%, about 3.5% or about 4%. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent is present in an amount of about 0.1%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.2%, about 3%, about 3.05%, about 3.06%, about 3.07%, about 3.08%, about 3.09%, about 3.1%, about 3.11%, about 3.12%, about 3.13%, about 3.14%, about 3.15%, about 3.16%, about 3.17%, about 3.18%, about 3.19%, about 3.2%, about 3.21%, about 3.22%, about 3.23%, about 3.24%, about 3.25%, about 3.26%, about 3.27%, about 3.28%, about 3.29%, or about 3.3%.

[0032] In certain embodiments, the anti-plaque agent comprises an polyglucoside (APG) selected from the APGs defined herein. Without limiting the invention to a particular mechanism, compositions wherein coconut oil is present as disclosed and the APG is present at cleansingeffective levels exhibit favorable rheology and film-forming characteristics. In some embodiments, a weight ratio of coconut oil to APG is from 2: 1 to 10: 1, optionally 3 : 1 to 8: 1.

[0033] The anti-plaque agent may comprise one or more anti-plaque agents known in the art. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent includes chlorhexidine, hexetidine, delmopinol, amine fluoride / stannous fluoride, triclosan, phenolic compounds, lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, miswak (also referred to as Salvadora persica extract or Salvadora persica stem extract), zinc chloride, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent comprises zinc citrate. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent comprises about 3% to about 4% lauryl glucoside and about 0.1% to about 0.15% zinc citrate.

[0034] A composition of the present disclosure may comprise an oil present in the composition in an amount of about 5% to about 20%, and an anti-plaque agent present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 3.3%. In some embodiments, the oil is an oil having a melting temperature above 22°C and is non-toxic to a subject. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent includes lauryl glucoside. In some embodiments the composition comprises an oil including a coconut oil and anti-plaque agent including lauryl glucoside. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises zinc citrate.

[0035] In one aspect, a composition of the present disclosure comprises an oil including a coconut oil present in an amount of about 5% to about 20%, lauryl glucoside in an amount of about 2.5% to about 4%, and zinc citrate present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 0.2%. In some embodiments, the composition comprises a coconut oil present in an amount of about 11% to about 13%, lauryl glucoside present in an amount of about 3% to 3.3%, and zinc citrate present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 0.15%.

[0036] The medium may be present in the composition in an amount of at least about 5%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40%, at least about 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, or at least about 95%. In some embodiments, the medium is present in an amount of up to about 95%, up to about 90%, up to about 85%, up to about 80%, up to about 75%, up to about 70%, up to about 65%, up to about 60%, up to about 55%, up to about 50%, up to about 45%, up to about 40%, up to about 35%, up to about 30%, up to about 25%, up to about 20%, up to about 15%, up to about 10%, or up to about 5%.

[0037] The medium may be present in the composition in an amount of about 1% to about 98%, about 1% to about 97%, about 1% to about 95%, about 1% to 90%, about 1% to about 85%, about 1% to about 80%, about 1% to about 75%, about 1% to about 70%, about 1% to about 65%, about 1% to about 60%, about 1% to about 55%, about 1% to about 50%, about 1% to about 45%, about 1% to about 40%, about 5% to about 95%, about 5% to about 90%, about 5% to about 85%, about 5% to about 80%, about 5% to about 75%, about 5% to about 70%, about 5% to about 65%, about 5% to about 60%, about 5% to about 55%, about 5% to about 50%, about 5% to about 45%, about 5% to about 40%, about 5% to about 35%, about 10% to about 95%, about 10% to about 90%, about 10% to about 85%, about 10% to about 80%, about 10% to about 75%, about 10% to about 70%, about 10% to about 65%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about 55%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 45%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 35%, about 15% to about 65%, about 15% to about 60%, about 15% to about 55%, about 15% to about 50%, about 15% to about 45%, about 15% to about 40%, about 15% to about 35%, about 20% to about 55%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about 45%, about 20% to about 40%, about 25% to about 55%, about 25% to about 50%, about 25% to about 45%, about 30% to about 50%, about 30% to about 45%, or about 40% to about 45%. In some embodiments, the medium is present in an amount of about 25%, about 30%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%. In some embodiments, the medium is present in an amount of about 35%, about 36%, about 37%, about 38%, about 39%, about 40%, about 41%, about 42%, about 43%, about 44%, or about 45%. The medium may be a liquid that is non-toxic to a subject. In some embodiments, the medium comprises water. In some embodiments, the medium is water, di-water, sterilized water, or water filtered using reverse osmosis. It will be appreciated that the medium may be increased to decrease the viscosity of the composition or may be decreased to increase the viscosity of the composition. A composition of the present disclosure may comprise an oil, an anti-plaque agent, and a medium. In some embodiments, the composition comprises an oil comprising a coconut oil. In some embodiments, the composition comprises an anti-plaque agent including lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the medium comprises water. In some embodiments, the composition comprises an oil comprising coconut oil present in an amount of between 10% to about 20%, an anti-plaque agent, and a medium comprising water present in an amount of about 25% to about 50%. In some embodiments, the composition comprises a coconut oil present in an amount of about 10% to about 15%, lauryl glucoside present in an amount of about 2.5% to about 5%, and water present in an amount of about 40% to about 50%. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises zinc citrate present in an amount of about 0.05% to 0.5%. In some embodiments, the zinc citrate is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 0.15%.

[0038] The composition may further comprise an abrasive. The abrasive may be any abrasive known in the art for use in oral care, and specifically to remove debris from a subject’s teeth. The abrasive may be a derivative of chalk or silica. In some preferred embodiments, the abrasive does not contain silica or a derivative of silica. In some embodiments, the composition does not contain sodium bicarbonate. In other embodiments, the composition includes sodium bicarbonate, for example as an anti-tartar agent and / or abrasive, at levels effective to provide oral-care benefits. In some preferred embodiments, the abrasive is kaolin clay.

[0039] The abrasive may be present in the composition an amount of at least about 1%, at least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 4%, at least about 5%, at least about 6%, at least about 7%, at least about 8%, at least about 9%, or at least about 10%. The abrasive may be present in an amount up to about 10%, up to about 9%, up to about 8%, up to about 7%, up to about 6%, up to about 5%, up to about 4%, up to about 3%, up to about 2%, or up to about 1%.

[0040] The abrasive may be present in the composition in an amount between about 1% to about 10%, about 1% to about 9%, about 1% to about 8%, about 1% to about 7%, about 1% to about 6%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 4%, about 1% to about 3%, about 2% to about 10%, about 2% to about 9%, about 2% to about 8%, about 2% to about 7%, about 2% to about 6%, about 2% to about 5%, about 3% to about 10%, about 3% to about 9%, about 3% to about 8%, about 3% to about 7%, about 3% to about 6%, about 4% to about 10%, about 4% to about 9%, about 4% to about 8%, about 4% to about 7%, about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 9%, about 5% to about 8%, about 5% to about 7%, about 6% to about 10%, about 6% to about 9%, about 6% to about 8%, or about 6% to about 7%. In some embodiments, the abrasive is present in the composition in an amount of about 3%, about 3.5%, about 4%, about 4.5%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, or about 8%.

[0041] In some aspects, a composition is disclosed comprising an oil, an anti-plaque agent, a medium, and an abrasive, wherein the oil comprises coconut oil present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 15%, the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside present in an amount between about 1% to about 5%, and the abrasive includes a kaolin clay present in an amount ranging from 1% to 10%. In some embodiments, the abrasive is kaolin clay. In some embodiments, the kaolin clay is present in an amount of about 5% to about 8%. In some embodiments, the kaolin clay is present in an amount of about 6% to about 7%.

[0042] The composition may further comprise a binder present in the composition in an amount of at least about 0.01%, at least about 0.05%, at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 1%, at least about 1.5%, at least about 2%, at least about 2.5%, or at least about 3%. The binder may be present in the composition in an amount up to about 5%, up to about 4.5%, up to about 4%, up to about 3.5%, up to about 3%, up to about 2.5%, up to about 2%, up to about 1 .5%, up to about 1%, up to about 0.5%, up to about 0.1%, up to about 0.05%, or up to about 0.01%.

[0043] The binder may be present in the composition in an amount between 0.01% to about 5%, about 0.01% to about 4%, about 0.01% to about 3%, about 0.01% to about 2%, about 0.01% to about 1%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.1% to about 4%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 4%, about 0.5% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 2%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 4%, about 1% to about 3%, or about 1% to about 2%.

[0044] In some embodiment, the binder is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.5%, about 0.75%, about 1%, about 1.25%, about 1.5%, about 1.75%, about 2%, about 2.25%, about 2.5%, about 2.75%, about 3%, about 3.25%, or about 3%.

[0045] The binder may comprise guar gum, carrageenan, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the binder comprises guar gum. In some embodiments, the binder comprises carrageenan. In some embodiments, the binder comprises guar gum and carrageenan. In some embodiments, the binder is selected from guar gum or carrageenan. In some embodiments, the binder is guar gum. In some embodiments, the binder is carrageenan. In some embodiments, the binder consists essentially of guar gum and carrageenan.

[0046] In one aspect, a composition of the present disclosure comprises an oil, an anti-plaque agent, a medium, and a binder, wherein the binder comprises guar gum, carrageenan, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the binder is present in an amount of about 0.5% to about 2.5%. In some embodiments, the oil comprises coconut oil, and the binder comprises guar gum. In one aspect the composition comprises a coconut oil present in an amount of about 5% to about 15%, an anti -plaque agent selected from lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof, present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 4%, and a binder selected from guar gum, carrageenan, or a combination thereof present in an amount of about 0.5% to about 2.5%.

[0047] A composition of the present disclosure may further comprise an anti-tartar agent. The anti-tartar agent may comprise any accepted anti-tartar agent acceptable for use in an oral composition. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent is selected from malic acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, pyrophosphates, miswak, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent comprises malic acid. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent consists essentially of malic acid.

[0048] The anti-tartar agent may be present in the composition in an amount of at least about 0.01%, at least about 0.05%, at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 1%, at least about 1.5%, at least about 2%, at least about 2.5%, or at least about 3%. The anti-tartar agent may be present in the composition in an amount up to about 5%, up to about 4.5%, up to about 4%, up to about 3.5%, up to about 3%, up to about 2.5%, up to about 2%, up to about 1.5%, up to about 1%, up to about 0.5%, up to about 0.1%, up to about 0.05%, or up to about 0.01%.

[0049] The anti-tartar agent may be present in the composition in an amount between 0.01% to about 5%, about 0.01% to about 4%, about 0.01% to about 3%, about 0.01% to about 2%, about 0.01% to about 1%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0. 1% to about 4%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 4%, about 0.5% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 2%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 4%, about 1% to about 3%, or about 1% to about 2%.

[0050] In some embodiment, the anti-tartar agent is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.25%, 0.5%, about 0.75%, about 1%, about 1.25%, about 1.5%, about 1.75%, about 2%, about 2.25%, about 2.5%, about 2.75%, about 3%, about 3.25%, or about 3%.

[0051] In one aspect a composition of the present disclosure comprises an oil, an anti-plaque agent, a medium, and an anti-tartar agent. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent comprises malic acid and is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.1% to about 1%. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent is present in an amount of about 0.25% to about 0.75%. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent is present in an amount of about 0.5%. A composition of the present disclosure may comprise a coconut oil present in an amount of about 10% to 15%, lauryl glucoside present in an amount of 2.5% to about 3.25%, and malic acid present in an amount of about 0.25% to about 0.75%.

[0052] A composition of the present disclosure may further comprise humectants present in the composition in an amount of at least about 5%, at least about 5.5%, at least about 6%, at least about 6.5%, at least about 7%, at least about 7.5%, at least about 8%, at least about 8.5%, at least about 9%, at least about 9.5%, at least about 10%, at least about 10.5%, at least about 11%, at least about 11.5%, at least about 12%, at least about 12.5%, at least about 13%, at least about 13.5%, at least about 14%, at least about 14.5%, at least about 15%, at least about 15.5%, at least about 16%, at least about 16.5%, at least about 17%, at least about 17.5%, at least about 18%, at least about 18.5%, at least about 19%, at least about 19.5%, at least about 20%, at least about 20.5%, at least about 21%, at least about 21.5%, at least about 22%, at least about 22.5%, at least about 23%, at least about 23.5%, at least about 24%, at least about 24.5%, at least about 25%, at least about 25.5%, at least about 26%, at least about 26.5%, at least about 27%, at least about 27.5%, at least about 28%, at least about 28.5%, at least about 29%, at least about 29.5%, at least about 30%, at least about 30.5%, at least about 31%, at least about 31.5%, at least about 32%, at least about 32.5%, at least about 33%, at least about 33.5%, at least about 34%, at least about 34.5%, at least about 35%, at least about 35.5%, at least about 36%, at least about 36.5%, at least about 37%, at least about 37.5%, at least about 38%, at least about 38.5%, at least about 39%, at least about 39.5%, or at least about 40%.

[0053] The humectant may be present in the composition in an amount of up to about 5%, up to about 5.5%, up to about 6%, up to about 6.5%, up to about 7%, up to about 7.5%, up to about 8%, up to about 8.5%, up to about 9%, up to about 9.5%, up to about 10%, up to about 10.5%, up to about 11%, up to about 11.5%, up to about 12%, up to about 12.5%, up to about 13%, up to about 13.5%, up to about 14%, up to about 14.5%, up to about 15%, up to about 15.5%, up to about 16%, up to about 16.5%, up to about 17%, up to about 17.5%, up to about 18%, up to about 18.5%, up to about 19%, up to about 19.5%, up to about 20%, up to about 20.5%, up to about 21%, up to about 21.5%, up to about 22%, up to about 22.5%, up to about 23%, up to about 23.5%, up to about 24%, up to about 24.5%, up to about 25%, up to about 25.5%, up to about 26%, up to about 26.5%, up to about 27%, up to about 27.5%, up to about 28%, up to about 28.5%, up to about 29%, up to about 29.5%, up to about 30%, up to about 30.5%, up to about 31%, up to about 31.5%, up to about 32%, up to about 32.5%, up to about 33%, up to about 33.5%, up to about 34%, up to about 34.5%, up to about 35%, up to about 35.5%, up to about 36%, up to about 36.5%, up to about 37%, up to about 37.5%, up to about 38%, up to about 38.5%, up to about 39%, up to about 39.5%, or up to about 40%.

[0054] The humectant may be present in the composition in an amount between about 5% to about 40%, about 5%, to about 38%, about 5% to about 35%, about 5% to about 30%, about 5% to about 25%, about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about 15%, about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 7%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 38%, about 10% to about 35%, about 10% to about 30%, about 10% to about 25%, about 10% to about 20%, about 10% to about 15%, about 15% to about 40%, about 15% to about 38%, about 15% to about 35%, about 15% to about 30%, about 15% to about 25%, about 15% to about 20%, about 20% to about 40%, about 20% to about 38%, about 20% to about 35%, about 20% to about 30%, about 20% to about 25%, about 25% to about 40%, about 25% to about 38%, about 25% to about 35%, about 25% to about 30%, or about 30% to about 40%. In some embodiments, the humectant is present in the composition in an amount of about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 21%, about 22%, about 23%, about 24%, about 25%, about 26%, about 27%, about 28%, about 29%, about 30%, about 35%, about 36%, about 37%, about 38%, about 39%, or about 40%.

[0055] In some embodiments, the humectant comprises glycerin, miswak in glycerin, d-sorbitol, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the humectant comprises glycerin. In some embodiments the humectant consists essentially of glycerin. In some embodiments, the humectant comprises miswak in glycerin. In some embodiments, the humectant comprises glycerin present in the composition in an amount of about 5% to about 40%. A composition of the present disclosure may comprise an oil, an anti-plaque agent, a medium, and a humectant, wherein the oil comprises coconut oil present in an amount of about 5% to about 15%, the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate or a combination thereof, present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 4%, and a humectant comprising glycerin present in an amount of about 6% to about 38%. In some embodiments, the humectant comprises glycerin and miswak in glycerin. In some embodiments, the humectant is glycerin.

[0056] A composition of the present disclosure may further comprise a preservative present in an amount of at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.15%, at least about 0.2%, at least about 0.25%, at least about 0.3%, at least about 0.35%, at least about 0.4%, at least about 0.45%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 0.55%, at least about 0.6%, at least about 0.65%, at least about 0.7%, or at least about 0.75%. In some embodiments, the preservative is present in an amount of up to about 0.1%, up to about 0.15%, up to about 0.2%, up to about 0.25%, up to about 0.3%, up to about 0.35%, up to about 0.4%, up to about 0.45%, up to about 0.5%, up to about 0.55%, up to about 0.6%, up to about 0.65%, up to about 0.7%, or up to about 0.75%.

[0057] In some embodiments, the preservative is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.1 % to about 0.75%, about 0.1 % to about 0.7%, about 0.1 % to about 0.65%, about 0.1 % to about 0.6%, about 0.1% to about 0.55%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.4%, about 0.1% to about 0.3%, about 0.1% to about 0.25%, about 0.2% to about 0.75%, about 0.2% to about 0.7%, about 0.2% to about 0.6%, about 0.2% to about 0.5%, about 0.25% to about 0.75%, about 0.25%, to about 0.7%, about 0.25% to about 0.6%, about 0.25% to about 0.5%, about 0.25% to about 0.4%, about 0.25% to about 0.3%, about 0.4% to about 0.6%, or about 0.5% to about 0.75%. In some embodiments, the preservative is present in an amount of about 0.1%, about 0.15%, about 0.2%, about 0.25%, about 0.3%, about 0.35%, about 0.4%, about 0.45%, about 0.5%, about 0.55%, about 0.6%, about 0.65%, or about 0.75%.

[0058] The preservative may be any preservative acceptable for use in an oral composition. The preservative may comprise Vitamin E, Aspen Tree Bark, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the preservative comprises Vitamin E. In some embodiments, the preservative comprises Aspen Tree Bark. In some embodiments, the preservative comprises Vitamin E and Aspen Tree Bark. In some embodiments, the preservative is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.2% to about 0.7%. In some embodiments, the preservative is present in an amount of about 0.25% to about 0.5%, in some embodiments, the preservative is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.5%.

[0059] A composition of the present disclosure may comprise an oil, an anti-plaque agent, a medium, and a preservative, wherein the preservative comprises Vitamin E, Aspen Tree Bark, or a combination thereof, and the preservative is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.25% to about 0.5%. In some embodiments, the oil comprises coconut oil and is present in an amount of about 10% to about 15%, and the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof and is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 3.5%.

[0060] A composition of the present disclosure may further comprise a flavoring agent present in the composition in an amount of at least about 0.01%, at least about 0.05%, at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.25%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 0.75%, at least about 1%, at least about at least about 1.25%, at least about 1.5%, at least about 1.75%, or at least about 2%. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent is present in the composition in an amount of up to about 0.01%, up to about 0.05%, up to about 0.1%, up to about 0.25%, up to about 0.5%, up to about 0.75%, up to about 1%, up to about up to about 1.25%, up to about 1.5%, up to about 1.75%, or up to about 2%.

[0061] In some embodiments, the flavoring agent is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.01% to about 2%, about 0.01% to about 1.5%, about 0.01% to about 1%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.01% to about 0.25%, about 0.05% to about 2%, about 0.05% to about 1.5%, about 0.05% to about 1% about 0.05% to about 0.75%, about 0.05% to about 0.5%, about 0.05% to about 0.25%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.25%, about 0.25% to about 0.75%, about 0.25% to about 0.5%, or about 0.1% to about 0.2%. The flavoring agent may be present in the composition in an amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.15%, 0.2%, about 0.23%, about 0.25%, about 0.3%, about 0.35%, about 0.4%, about 0.45%, or about 0.5%.

[0062] The flavoring agent may comprise an acceptable flavoring agent for an oral care composition. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent is selected based on the flavor preferences of the subject. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent is selected from peppermint oil, black seed oil, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent comprises peppermint oil. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent comprises black seed oil. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent consists essentially of peppermint oil, black seed oil, or a combination thereof.

[0063] A composition of the present disclosure may comprise an oil, an anti-plaque agent, a medium, and a flavoring agent, wherein the flavoring agent comprises peppermint oil and is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.05% to about 0.25%. In some embodiments, the oil comprises coconut oil and is present in the composition in an amount of about 5% to about 15%, an anti-plaque agent comprising lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof, wherein the anti-plaque agent is present in the composition in an amount of about 0.1% to about 4%, and wherein the flavoring agent comprises peppermint oil and is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 0.25%.

[0064] A composition of the present disclosure may comprise an oil present in an amount of about 10% to 20%, an anti-plaque agent present in the composition in an amount of about 0.1% to about 4%, and a medium. In some embodiments, the oil comprises a coconut oil. In some embodiments, the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof. The composition may further comprise an abrasive present in an amount of about 5% to about 15%. In some embodiments, the abrasive does not contain silica. In some embodiments, the abrasive comprises kaolin clay. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an anti-tartar agent present in the composition in an amount of about 0.1% to 0.2%. In some embodiments, the anti-tartar agent comprises malic acid. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a humectant present in an amount of about 5% to about 38%. In some embodiments, the humectant comprises glycerin. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a binder present in an amount of about 0.5% to about 3%. The binder may comprise guar gum, carrageenan, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a preservative present in an amount of about 0.25% to about 0.5%. In some embodiments, the preservative comprises Vitamin E, Aspen Tree Bark, or a combination thereof. The composition may further comprise a flavoring agent present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 0.25%. The flavoring agent may comprise peppermint oil, black seed oil, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments the compositions exemplified herein that specifically recitelauryl glucoside, the lauryl glucoside may be replaced in whole or in part with another APG having an alkyl chain within C8-C16 and an average degree of polymerization of 1.2-1.8 (e.g., capiyl / caprylyl, decyl, or myristyl glucoside), without material loss of performance in cleansing, plaque control, or pH buffering when used at substantially the same actives level.

[0065] In certain embodiments, the compositions are formulated as non-rinse toothpastes for animals and are intended for topical application to teeth and gingival margins. During typical use, a portion of the applied composition may be incidentally swallowed. As used herein, “incidentally swallowed” refers to small amounts unavoidably ingested during topical application or during normal brushing and not intended as a source of nutrition.

[0066] METHODS OF USE

[0067] A composition of the present disclosure in accordance with some embodiments is useful as an oral care composition. The composition may be useful for cleaning the oral cavity, for preventing or treating disease or disorders of the oral cavity, or otherwise aiding and maintaining healthy teeth and mouth of a subject. The composition may be useful as an antimicrobial agent having activity against any microbe. As used herein, the terms “microbe,” “microbial,” and like terms refers to bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, yeast, and the like. As used herein, the term “antimicrobial” refers to a composition of the present disclosure having the ability to kill or inhibit the growth of a microbe, or to attenuate the severity of a microbial infection. A non-limiting list of the bacteria that a composition of the present disclosure is effective against include without limitation gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, slow growing bacteria and acid fast bacteria, and any species included in the following genera: Aerococcus, Listeria, Streptomyces, Chlamydia, Lactobacillus, Eubacterium, Burkholderia, Stentrophomonas, Achromobacter, Arachnid, Mycobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Erysipelothrix, Dermatophilus, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Citrobacter, Peptococcus, Pneumococcus, Micrococcus, Neisseria, Klebsiella, Kurthia, Nocardia, Serratia, Rothia, Escherichia, Propionibacterium, Actinomyces, Helicobacter, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, Pasteurella, Shigella, Vibrio, Clostridium, Salmonella, Yersinia, and Haemophilus.

[0068] In some embodiments, a composition of the present disclosure is useful for removing and / or preventing plaque and / or tartar from forming on the teeth and gums of a subject. Additionally, a composition of the present disclosure is useful for maintaining or buffering the pH between 6 and 7 within a subject’s mouth, which reduces a buildup of acid capable of eroding the enamel of the subject’s teeth. Further, a composition of the present invention is useful for preventing or inhibiting microbial growth that can cause inflammation to the gums.

[0069] In some embodiments, a composition of the present disclosure is useful in preventing or treating an oral disease. In some embodiments, the oral disease may be selected from gingivitis, periodontal disease which is a condition that can cause bleeding gums, bad breath, and tooth loss, and diseases linked to poor oral hygiene such as diabetes, heart disease, broken jaw, and chronic pain. In some embodiments, a composition of the present disclosure is useful for preventing or treating an oral disease within a subject, wherein the subject is selected from an animal. In some embodiments, the animal is a companion animal. In some embodiments, the companion animal is a dog or a cat. In some embodiments, the animal is a dog. One of ordinary skill in the art would understand that the compositions described herein may be used in combination with at least one pharmaceutically active ingredient and may include acceptable components to provide an improved formulation of a composition of the present disclosure, including without limitation one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents. The carrier, excipient or diluent may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration. As used herein, the term “active ingredient” refers to a therapeutically active compound, as well as any prodrugs thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, and solvates of the compound and the prodrugs. Additional active ingredients may be combined with a composition of the present disclosure and may be either administered separately or in the same pharmaceutical composition. The amount of additional active ingredients to be given may be determined by one skilled in the art based upon therapy with a composition of the present disclosure. For example, one of skill in the art may be a pharmacist, veterinarian, or veterinarian’s technician or assistant.

[0070] The compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for administration to a subject by any suitable means, including without limitation those means used to administer conventional oral compositions such as toothpastes, water additives, gels, powders or food.

[0071] In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are adapted or formulated for oral administration. As used herein, the term “oral administration” refers to administration of a composition of the present disclosure to the mouth of a subject for interaction with the subject’s teeth, gums, tongue, and oral tissues. In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure can be formulated into conventional oral dosage forms including without limitation chewable tablets, powders, and liquid preparations such as suspensions, solutions, elixirs, syrups, concentrated drops, and the like.

[0072] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods and compositions of removing plaque and tartar. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods and compositions for preventing plaque formation or gingivitis. In general, methods and compositions are provided for maintaining a healthy oral environment or the oral tissue, gums, teeth, and tongue of a subject.

[0073] The present disclosure also provides methods of treatment. As used herein, the terms “treating,” “treatment,” “therapy,” and like terms refer to administration of a composition of the present disclosure in an amount effective to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate one or more symptoms of a disease or condition (i.e., indication) and / or to prolong the survival of the subject being treated. In some embodiments, “treating,” “treatment,” “therapy,” and like terms also include without limitation reducing or eliminating infection in a subject.

[0074] In carrying out the methods of the present disclosure, an effective amount of a composition of the present disclosure is administered to a subject in need thereof. As used herein, the term “effective amount,” in the context of administration, refers to the amount of a composition of the present disclosure that when administered to a subject is sufficient to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate one or more symptoms of a disease or condition (i.e., indication) and / or to prolong the survival of the subject being treated. Such an amount should result in no or few adverse events in the treated subject. Similarly, such an amount should result in no or few toxic effects in the treated subject. As those familiar with the art will understand, the amount of a composition of the present disclosure will vary depending upon a number of factors, including without limitation the type of subject being treated, the subject’s age, size, weight, and general physical condition, the disorder associated with the subject, and the dosing regimen being employed in the treatment.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a composition of the present disclosure is administered at least once a day, at least twice a day, or at least three times a day. Further, a composition of the present disclosure may be administered every day, every other day, twice a week, three times a week, or once a week.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a composition of the present disclosure is administered as part of a chronic treatment regimen. As used herein, the term “chronic treatment regimen” refers to treatment with a composition of the present disclosure over an extended period of time during a subject’s lifetime. In some embodiments, chronic treatment is lifelong treatment.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a composition of the present disclosure is administered as a single dose. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a composition of the present disclosure is administered as a single unit dose. As used herein, the term “unit dose” is a predetermined amount of a composition of the present disclosure. The amount of a composition of the present disclosure is generally equal to the dosage of a composition of the present disclosure that would be administered to a subject or a convenient fraction of such a dosage such as, for example, one-half or one-third of such a dosage. According to the methods of the present disclosure, the terms “single dose” and “single unit dose” include embodiments wherein the composition can be administered as a single application and administered as multiple applications.

[0078] In some embodiments, a composition of the present disclosure may also be used in combination with one or more additional active ingredients for treating the same disease or condition. In some embodiments, such combination use includes administration of a compositions of the present disclosure and one or more additional active ingredient at different times, or coadministration of a composition of the present disclosure and one or more additional active ingredients. In some embodiments, dosage may be modified for a composition of the present disclosure or one or more additional active ingredients used in combination, e.g., reduction in the amount dosed relative to a composition of the present disclosure or one or more additional active ingredients used alone, by methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In some embodiments, co-administration includes simultaneous administration of a composition of the present disclosure and an additional active ingredient in the same dosage form, simultaneous administration of a composition of the present disclosure and an additional active ingredient in separate dosage forms, and separate administration of a composition of the present disclosure and an additional active ingredient.

[0079] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides for delivery of a composition or of the present disclosure and one or more additional active ingredients delivered by a different route of administration or by the same route of administration. In some embodiments, the use in combination for any route of administration includes delivery of a composition of the present disclosure and one or more additional active ingredients delivered by the same route of administration together in any pharmaceutical composition, including pharmaceutical compositions in such a way that such compounds maintain their therapeutic activity when administered.

[0080] The present disclosure also provides a method of treating an infection in a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering an effective amount of a composition of the present disclosure to the subject. As used herein, the term “infection” refers to any microbe infection of a subj ect’ s oral cavity. Infection includes the invasion of a subj ect’ s body by a microbe and subsequent multiplication in the subject’s body. In some embodiments, the composition is administered as a paste, gel, powder, or a liquid. For example, the composition may be in the form of a liquid that is used to rinse the subject’s mouth, or the composition in liquid form may be added to water and administered when the subject drinks the water. In some embodiments, the composition is administered as a paste or gel to an oral cavity of a subject, wherein the composition contacts the oral cavity. Upon contact with the subject’s oral cavity, including gums, teeth, tongue, and oral tissue, the composition can remove plaque, tartar, freshen breath, and kill or inhibit bacteria growth. In some embodiments, the composition may be mechanically administered to the subject’s oral cavity through use of a device such as a toothbrush or finger. Optionally, the composition may be rinsed from the subject’s oral cavity. In some embodiments, the composition is not rinsed from the subject’s oral cavity.

[0081] The present disclosure also provides a method of treating periodontal disease in a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering an effective amount of a composition of the present disclosure to the oral cavity of the subject. In some embodiments, the subject is an animal for example a companion or farm animal. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a liquid solution or suspension. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a paste or gel. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out at least once a day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one or more times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one time per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out two times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out three times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out four times per day. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 2 days. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the administration is carried out as a chronic treatment regimen. Other time periods may be used herein.

[0082] The present disclosure also provides a method of removing plaque and tartar from the oral cavity of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering an effective amount of a composition of the present disclosure to the subject. In some embodiments, the subject is a companion or farm animal. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a liquid solution or suspension. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a paste or gel. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out at least once a day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one or more times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one time per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out two times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out three times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out four times per day. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 2 days. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the administration is carried out as a chronic treatment regimen. Other time periods may be used herein.

[0083] The present disclosure also provides a method of treating or preventing gingivitis in a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering an effective amount of a composition of the present disclosure to the subj ect. In some embodiments, the subj ect is a companion, pet, or farm animal. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a liquid solution or suspension. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a paste or gel.

[0084] In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a diet, chewable, or food product or additive that is chewable or consumable by the subject. In some embodiments, the diet or food product or additive is in the nature of a food or supplement to be administered to an animal. In some embodiments, composition may be administered to an animal such as a cat or dog in the form of a chewable treat or a chewable pill, or in the form of a food coating, an edible food additive, a meal topper, or as kibbles, granules, or powders that may be added to the meal of the cat or dog.

[0085] In some embodiments, the administration is carried out at least once a day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one or more times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one time per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out two times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out three times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out four times per day. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 2 days. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the administration is carried out as a chronic treatment regimen. Other time periods may be used herein.

[0086] The present disclosure also provides a method of buffering the pH in the oral cavity of a subject. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering an effective amount of a composition of the present disclosure to the subject. After administration, the pH of the subject’s oral cavity is buffered to maintain a pH of between about 6 to about 7 up to 4 hours after administration. In some embodiments, the subject is a companion or farm animal. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a liquid solution or suspension. In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a paste or gel. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out at least once a day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one or more times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one time per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out two times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out three times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out four times per day. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 2 days. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the administration is carried out as a chronic treatment regimen. Other time periods may be used herein.

[0087] In some embodiments, the subject is administered at least one additional active ingredient such as an antibiotic or anti-microbial composition. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out as a multiple dose regimen. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 7 days. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 14 days. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about 21 days. In some embodiments, the multiple dose regimen is a time period of up to about one month. Other time periods may be used herein.

[0088] In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one or more times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out one time per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out two times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out three times per day. In some embodiments, the administration is carried out four times per day. The present disclosure also provides a kit. In some embodiments, the kit comprises a composition according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the term “kit” refers to any manufacture, such as, for example, a package, container, and the like, containing a composition according to the present disclosure. In some embodiments, a composition according to the present disclosure is packaged in a vial, bottle, tube, flask or patch, which may be further packaged within a box, envelope, bag, or the like. In some embodiments, a composition according to the present disclosure is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or similar regulatory agency in the U.S. or a jurisdiction or territory outside the U.S. for administration to a subject. In some embodiments, the kit includes written instructions for use and / or other indications that a composition according to the present disclosure is suitable or approved for administration to a subject. In some embodiments, the kit includes a dispenser. In some embodiments, the kit further includes a device for mechanically manipulating the composition in the oral cavity of the subject, such as for example, a toothbrush or a similar device suitable for use with animals.

[0089] The present disclosure also provides the use of a composition of the present disclosure for the manufacture of a medicament. As used herein, the term “medicament” refers to a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is contained in any manufacture, such as, for example, a package, container, and the like.

[0090] In addition to the aspects and embodiments described and provided elsewhere in the present disclosure, the following non-limiting list of embodiments are also contemplated.

[0091] 1. An oral composition comprising: an oil, an anti-plaque agent; and a medium. 2. The oral composition of embodiment 1, further comprising one or more selected from a binder, a humectant, a flavoring agent, an anti-tartar agent, a preservative, and an abrasive.

[0092] 3. The oral composition of embodiments 1 -2, wherein the oil is characterized by a melting point above 22 °C.

[0093] 4. The oral composition of embodiment 2, wherein the oil is selected from the group consisting of coconut, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cocoa butter, or combinations thereof.

[0094] 5. The oral composition of any of embodiments 1-4, wherein the oil is coconut oil.

[0095] 6. The oral composition of any of embodiments 1-5, wherein the anti -plaque agent is selected from chlorhexidine, hexetidine, delmopinol, amine fluoride / stannous fluoride, triclosan, phenolic compounds, lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, miswak, or a combination thereof.

[0096] 7. The oral composition of embodiment 6, wherein the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside.

[0097] 8. The oral composition of embodiment 6, wherein the anti-plaque agent comprises zinc citrate.

[0098] 9. The oral composition of any of embodiments 1-8, wherein the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside and zinc citrate.

[0099] 10. The oral composition of any of embodiments 1-9, wherein the medium is a liquid comprising water.

[0100] 11. The oral composition of any of embodiments, 2-10, wherein the abrasive does not contain silica.

[0101] 12. The oral composition of any of embodiments, 2-11, wherein the abrasive comprises kaolin clay. 13. The oral composition of any of embodiments 2-12, wherein the binder comprises guar gum, carrageenan, or a combination thereof.

[0102] 14. The oral composition of any of embodiments, 2-13, wherein the anti-tartar agent is selected from malic acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, pyrophosphates, miswak, or a combination thereof.

[0103] 15. The oral composition of embodiment 14, wherein the anti-tartar agent is malic acid.

[0104] 16. The oral composition of any of embodiments 2-14, wherein the anti-tartar agent is not malic acid.

[0105] 17. The oral composition of any of embodiments, 2-16, wherein the humectant comprises glycerin or d-sorbitol.

[0106] 18. The oral composition of embodiment 17, wherein the humectant further comprises miswak.

[0107] 19. The oral composition of any of embodiments 2-18, wherein the preservative is selected from Vitamin E, Aspen Tree Bark, or a combination thereof.

[0108] 20. The oral composition of any of embodiments, 2-19, wherein the flavoring agent is selected from peppermint oil, black seed oil, or a combination thereof.

[0109] 21. The oral composition of any relevant embodiment, wherein the anti-tartar agent is present in an amount of about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.25%, 0.5%, about 0.75%, about 1%, about 1.25%, about 1.5%, about 1.75%, about 2%, about 2.25%, about 2.5%, about 2.75%, about 3%, about 3.25%, or about 3%.

[0110] 22. The oral composition of any relevant embodiments, wherein the anti-plaque agent is present in an amount of about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.15%, about 0.5%, about 1%, about 1.5%, about 2%, about 2.5%, about 3%, about 3.5% or about 4%. In some embodiments, the anti- plaque agent is present in an amount of about 0.1%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.2%, about 3%, about 3.05%, about 3.06%, about 3.07%, about 3.08%, about 3.09%, about 3.1%, about 3.11%, about 3.12%, about 3.13%, about 3.14%, about 3.15%, about 3.16%, about 3.17%, about 3.18%, about 3.19%, about 3.2%, about 3.21%, about 3.22%, about 3.23%, about 3.24%, about 3.25%, about 3.26%, about 3.27%, about 3.28%, about 3.29%, or about 3.3%.

[0111] 23. The oral composition of any embodiments 1-22, wherein the oil is present in an amount of about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, or about 15%.

[0112] 24. The oral composition of any embodiments 1-23, wherein the medium is present in an amount of about 35%, about 36%, about 37%, about 38%, about 39%, about 40%, about 41%, about 42%, about 43%, about 44%, or about 45%.

[0113] 25. The oral composition of any embodiments 2-24, wherein the abrasive is present in an amount of about 3%, about 3.5%, about 4%, about 4.5%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, or about 8%.

[0114] 26. The oral composition of any embodiments 2-25, wherein the binder is present in an amount of about 0.5%, about 0.75%, about 1%, about 1.25%, about 1.5%, about 1.75%, about 2%, about 2.25%, about 2.5%, about 2.75%, about 3%, about 3.25%, or about 3%.

[0115] 27. The oral composition of any embodiments 2-26, wherein the humectant is present in an amount of about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 21%, about 22%, about 23%, about 24%, about 25%, about 26%, about 27%, about 28%, about 29%, about 30%, about 35%, about 36%, about 37%, about 38%, about 39%, or about 40%. The oral composition of any embodiments 2-27, wherein the preservative is present in an amount of about 0.1%, about 0.15%, about 0.2%, about 0.25%, about 0.3%, about 0.35%, about 0.4%, about 0.45%, about 0.5%, about 0.55%, about 0.6%, about 0.65%, or about 0.75%. The oral composition of any embodiments 2-28, wherein the flavoring agent is present in an amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.15%, 0.2%, about 0.23%, about 0.25%, about 0.3%, about 0.35%, about 0.4%, about 0.45%, or about 0.5%. The oral composition of any embodiments 1-29, wherein the composition comprises an oil present in an amount of about 5% to 15%, and the anti -plaque agent is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 4%. The oral composition of embodiment 30, wherein the oil comprises coconut oil. The oral composition of embodiments 30-31, wherein the oil consists essentially of coconut oil. The oral composition of embodiments 30-32, wherein the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof. The oral composition of embodiments, 30-33, wherein the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside and zinc citrate. The oral composition of embodiments 1-34, wherein the composition is formulated as a liquid, a gel, a paste, or a powder. A method of manufacturing a composition according to any embodiments 1-35. 37. A method of cleaning an oral cavity of a subject comprising the steps of: administering an oral composition according to embodiments 1-35 to the oral cavity of the subject, and thereby cleaning the oral cavity.

[0116] 38. A method of removing plaque and / or tartar from a mouth of a subject comprising administering the mouth of the subject an oral composition according to embodiments 1-35.

[0117] 39. The method of embodiment 38, further comprising mechanically manipulating the composition to contact the teeth, gums, tongue, or oral tissue of the subject.

[0118] 40. The method of embodiments 38-39, wherein the oral composition is not rinsed from the mouth of the subject.

[0119] 41. A method of treating periodontal disease in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition according to embodiments 1-35 in a manner so that the composition contacts the teeth, gums, tongue, or oral tissue of the subject.

[0120] 42. The method of embodiments 40-41, wherein the composition buffers the oral pH of the subject to between about 6 to about 7 after administration of the composition.

[0121] 43. An oral composition according to any of embodiments 1 -35, for use in a therapy.

[0122] 44. The oral composition according to embodiment 43, wherein the use is to treat a disease.

[0123] 45. The oral composition of embodiment 44, wherein the disease is an oral disease.

[0124] 46. The oral composition of embodiment 45, wherein the oral disease is selected from periodontal disease or gingivitis.

[0125] 47. The oral composition according to any of embodiments 1-35, for use in maintaining a healthy oral cavity in a subject. 48. The oral composition according to any of embodiments 1-35, for the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease.

[0126] 49. The composition according to any of embodiments 1 -35, for use in treating gingivitis.

[0127] 50. The composition according to any of embodiments 1-35, for use in treating periodontal disease.

[0128] 51. The composition according to any of embodiments 1-35, wherein the composition is formulated to be delivered orally.

[0129] 52. A kit comprising a composition according to embodiments 1-35.

[0130] 53. An oral composition comprising coconut oil.

[0131] 54. The oral composition according to embodiment 53, further comprising an anti-plaque agent.

[0132] 55. The oral composition according to embodiment 54, wherein the anti-plaque agent comprises lauryl glucoside, zinc citrate, or a combination thereof.

[0133] 56. An oral composition comprising an alkyl polyglucoside (APG).

[0134] 57. The oral composition of embodiment 56, wherein the APG is present in an amount up to at least about 50 wt.% of the total composition.

[0135] 58. The oral composition of embodiments 56 or 57, further comprising an oil.

[0136] 59. The oral composition of embodiment 58, wherein the oil has a melting temperature of at least about 22 °C.

[0137] 60. The oral composition of embodiments 58 to 59, wherein the oil is coconut oil.

[0138] 61. The oral composition of embodiments 58 to 60, wherein the oil is present in an amount of about 5 wt.% to about 45 wt. %.

[0139] 62. The oral composition of embodiment 58, wherein the oil is coconut oil and present in an amount greater than about 3 wt.%. 63. An oral composition comprising an alkyl polyglucoside (APG), wherein a cleaning effect is delivered by the presence of APG.

[0140] 64. The oral care composition of claim 63, further comprising coconut oil.

[0141] 65. The composition of claim 63, wherein the alkyl polyglucoside is lauryl glucoside.

[0142] 66. The composition of claim 63, wherein the alkyl polyglucoside is selected from the group consisting of lauryl glucoside, decyl glucoside, capryl / caprylyl glucoside, and myristyl glucoside, or mixtures thereof.

[0143] 67. The composition of claim 64, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of greater than about 5 wt.%.

[0144] 68. The composition of claim 64, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of at least about 10 wt.%.

[0145] 69. The composition of claim 63, wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of dentifrice, toothpaste, tooth gel, and liquid dentifrice.

[0146] 70. The composition of claim 63, wherein the composition does not include silica.

[0147] 71. The composition of claim 64, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of greater than 15 wt.%.

[0148] 72. The composition of claim 64, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount greater than 10 wt.%.

[0149] 73. The composition of claim 63, further comprising kaolin clay.

[0150] 74. The composition of claim 64, further comprising kaolin clay.

[0151] 75. The composition of claim 63, further comprising malic acid.

[0152] 76. The composition of claim 64, further comprising malic acid. 77. The composition of claim 63, further comprising zinc citrate.

[0153] 78. The composition of claim 64, further comprising zinc citrate.

[0154] 79. The composition of claim 63, further comprising carrageenan.

[0155] 80. The composition of claim 64, further comprising carrageenan.

[0156] 81. The composition of claim 63, further comprising glycerin.

[0157] 82. The composition of claim 64, further comprising glycerin.

[0158] 83. The composition of claim 63, further comprising guar gum.

[0159] 84. The composition of claim 64, further comprising guar gum.

[0160] 85. The composition of claim 63, further comprising vitamin E.

[0161] 86. The composition of claim 64, further comprising vitamin E.

[0162] 87. The composition of claim 63, further comprising populus tremuloides bark extract.

[0163] 88. The composition of claim 64, further comprising populus tremuloides bark extract.

[0164] 89. The composition of claim 63, further comprising nigella sativa seed oil.

[0165] 90. The composition of claim 64, further comprising nigella sativa seed oil.

[0166] 91. The composition of claim 63, further comprising peppermint oil.

[0167] 92. The composition of claim 64, further comprising peppermint oil.

[0168] 93. The composition of claim 63, further comprising Salvadora persica extract.

[0169] 94. The composition of claim 64, further comprising Salvadora persica extract.

[0170] 95. The composition of claim 64, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of greater than 3 wt.%.

[0171] 96. An oral care composition comprising coconut oil, lauryl glucoside, an anti-tartar agent, and water, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of at least 10 wt.%. 97. The composition of claim 96, further comprising a flavoring agent, a binder, a preservative, a humectant, and an abrasive.

[0172] 98. The composition of claim 96, wherein the composition is an edible product selected from a food, diet, or chewable product.

[0173] 99. The composition of claim 98, wherein the edible product is an animal food supplement.

[0174] 100. The composition of claim 99, wherein the animal food supplement is a meal topper adapted to be added to a pet meal.

[0175] 101. The composition of claim 63, wherein a weight ratio of coconut oil to the alkyl polyglucoside is 2: 1 to 10: 1.

[0176] 102. The composition of claim 63, wherein the composition is free of sodium lauryl sulfate and fluoride.

[0177] 103. The composition of claim 96, wherein the anti -tartar agent comprises malic acid or zinc citrate.

[0178] 104. A method of cleaning an oral cavity of a subject comprising introducing to the oral cavity a composition according to claim 63, and thereby cleaning the oral cavity.

[0179] 105. The method of any one of claim 63 to 70, wherein 0.2-2.0 g of the composition is applied once or twice daily and not rinsed.

[0180] 106. The composition of claim 69, wherein the composition is free of sodium bicarbonate.

[0181] 107. The composition of claim 63, wherein the alkyl polyglucoside has an alkyl chain length of C8-C16 and an average degree of polymerization of 1.2-1.8.

[0182] 108. The composition of claim 63, wherein the alkyl polyglucoside is plant-derived. 109. A kit comprising the composition of claim 63 and one or more applicators selected from a toothbrush, finger brush, or swab, together with instructions for topical application.

[0183] 110. The composition of claim 63, wherein the composition is free of silica, sodium lauryl sulfate, fluoride, and sodium bicarbonate.

[0184] 111. The method of claim 104, wherein the subject is a dog or cat, the composition is not rinsed, and 0.2-2.0 g is applied once or twice daily.

[0185] 112. The method of claim 104, wherein the alkyl polyglucoside is lauryl glucoside.

[0186] EXAMPLES

[0187] Examples related to the present disclosure are described below. In most cases, alternative techniques can be used. The examples are intended to be illustrative and are not limiting or restrictive of the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

[0188] EXAMPLE 1

[0189] Preparing an oral composition

[0190] An oral composition according to the disclosure was prepared for testing its effectiveness against commercially available dentifrice compositions. The composition referred to as (sample no. 6 or S.6) was prepared containing about 12-15% coconut oil, about 3-3.5% anti-plaque agent including lauryl glucoside, about 0.5% of an anti-tartar agent, along with flavoring agents, binders, preservatives, humectant, an abrasive, and about 45% water.

[0191] EXAMPLE 2

[0192] Testing oral composition against commercially available toothpastes. Plaque samples were collected from 3 canine study subjects. For each subject, four samples were drawn with a sterile Q-tip from each of the mouth quadrants. Each Q-Tip was immediately sealed in a small vial containing a sterile growth media.

[0193] Plaque samples were then extracted from the Q-tips, pooled, and incubated for 24 hours in growth media. Following the 24-hour growth cycle, the now-cohesive pooled plaque is distributed into test groups and the pH was measured prior to standardization. The pH of the plaque sample was low (acidic) due to overnight growth activity, and each group was adjusted to normal oral pH level of 7.

[0194] Following standardization, the plaque test samples (in solution form) were exposed to sucrose to promote pathogenic activity. Following sucrose exposure, a single treatment was performed uniformly to each sample group for the designated test product or control product the effects were measured. The treatments applied to each test sample consisted of S.1 (negative control of plain distilled water (DI water)); commercial comparator toothpastes S.2, S.3, S.4, and S.5; a composition of the present disclosure S.6 (composition of Example 1); and S.7 (a positive control of 0.1% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)). Further details on each treatment applied to each sample are provided in Table 1 , below.

[0195] Table 1 : Comparator Products and their active ingredients

[0196] Following treatment cycles, baseline measurements were recorded. The baseline optical density was measured by spectrophotometer (OD600) and the baseline pH Level (which has been standardized across the test groups) was measured by a pH electrode meter. Plaque activity was then observed and recorded for 4 hours following treatment, with hourly measurements of optical density. FIG. 1 displays the raw data for each sample group tested at baseline and 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours after treatment. FIG. 2 gives a visual comparison of the average change in plaque activity observed for each sample group.

[0197] Glycolytic activity post-treatment, measured through pH levels, is indicative of activity by pathogenic bacteria that cause destruction of oral tissue. FIG. 3 displays the raw pH levels measured for each sample group tested at baseline and 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours after treatment. FIG. 4 gives a visual comparison of the average change in pH from baseline observed for each sample group. Bacterial regrowth post-treatment is also another factor for determining pathogenicity of the plaque sample, and was measured through the Optical Density of the sample. The control groups performed as hypothesized, with S.7 (the positive control) inhibiting bacteria growth over the four hours post-treatment while effectively buffering pH levels thereby limiting any pathogenic glycolytic activity. Neither the S.2, S.3, S.4, nor S.5 pet dentifrices delivered any statistically significant therapeutic benefit over the use of DI Water (S. l, the negative control group) as demonstrated by the nourishment of bacteria and the inability to effectively buffer pH levels, with each group’s pH dropping below 5.5 (thereby becoming acidic).

[0198] Based on the results, clinical benefit derived from the use of these products may be attributed to mechanical action, either through use of abrasives in the dentifrice or (more likely) from the medium of applying the dentifrice (i.e. the toothbrush).

[0199] The only test product that demonstrated anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis benefit was S.6, which sustained a healthy pH level for four hours post-treatment (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) and effectively prevented the nourishment of plaque bacteria over the study period (demonstrated by near- full maintenance of baseline optical density as seen in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4).

[0200] EXAMPLE 3

[0201] 28-Day Clinical Evaluation of a Chemically Active Pet Toothpaste in Dogs

[0202] A controlled, randomized clinical study was conducted using purpose-bred Beagle dogs. Following a professional dental prophylaxis to establish a clean-tooth baseline, twenty- four dogs were divided into a test group and a control group (n=12 per group). The test group received once-daily topical application of a chemically active toothpaste formulation having the active ingredients of composition S.6 provided in EXAMPLE 2 to the buccal surfaces of the teeth along the gingival margin. Control animals received no treatment.

[0203] After 28 days of daily application, dogs receiving the toothpaste demonstrated a 22.5% reduction in calculus accumulation compared to untreated controls. The test group also exhibited a 19.0% reduction in plaque relative to controls. Gingival health was maintained throughout the study, with no indication of increased inflammation. The toothpaste was well tolerated with no adverse findings reported. Results are shown in Table 2:

[0204] Table 2: Results from the 28-Day Clinical Study EXAMPLE 4

[0205] 42-Day Clinical Evaluation of a Chemical Active Pet Toothpaste in Dogs

[0206] A second randomized, controlled clinical study was conducted to extend evaluation to 42 days under identical conditions as EXAMPLE 3. Following baseline dental cleaning, twenty- four Beagle dogs were allocated into a test group and a control group (n=12 per group). The toothpaste was applied once daily to the test group by direct topical administration to the gingival margin.

[0207] At the conclusion of the 42-day study, dogs treated with the toothpaste exhibited a 27.8% reduction in calculus accumulation, which was statistically significant compared with untreated controls. Gingival scores in the test group remained stable and did not differ significantly from controls, confirming satisfactory gingival health. A modest reduction in plaque (3.6%) was observed. The toothpaste was well tolerated with no adverse oral or systemic effects. Results from this study are shown in Table 3.

[0208] Table 3: Results from the 42-day Clinical Study The results of the two studies provided in EXAMPLE 3 and this EXAMPLE 4, highlight the reproducibility of the calculus reduction effect and the maintenance of gingival health across both experimental periods. Comparative results are provided in Table 4. As shown in Table 4, gingivitis was satisfactorily controlled in both studies, with no significant increase relative to baseline or control animals. Table 4: Results comparing the efficacy of the toothpaste across 28-day and 42-day trials.

[0209] While illustrative examples have been described herein, the same are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only certain examples have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the claimed invention are to be protected. It should be understood that while the use of words such as preferable, preferably, preferred or more preferred utilized in the description above indicates that the feature so described may be more desirable, it nonetheless may not be necessary and examples lacking the same may be contemplated as within the scope of the invention, the scope being defined by the claims that follow. In reading the claims, it is intended that when words such as “a,” “an,” “at least one,” or “at least one portion” are used there is no intention to limit the claim to only one item unless specifically stated to the contrary in the claim.

[0210] One of skill in the art may appreciate from the foregoing that unexpected benefits may be derived from the disclosed features of the subject composition and method, without additional features, components, or ingredients. Changes to the invention as disclosed may, for example, unnecessarily increase costs or complexity to prepare, package, or use the composition and method, or decrease efficacy, efficiency, or safety of the resulting composition or method. A key benefit of the invention that is contemplated obtaining the favorable features provided by the disclosed invention while excluding any additional components. In this exclusion, maximum cost containment and synergistic benefits of the claimed features may be effected. Accordingly, the substantial benefits of simplicity of preparation, packaging, and use may reside in an example of the invention consisting solely of, consisting of, or consisting essentially of, features of the composition and method disclosed herein. Thus, examples of the invention contemplate the exclusion of features, ingredients, or components beyond those set forth herein.

[0211] It will be understood that the invention has been described above purely by way of example, and modifications of detail can be made within the scope of the invention. Each feature disclosed in the description, and (where appropriate) the claims and drawings may be provided independently or in any appropriate combination.

Claims

Attorney Docket No. 105618-00014What is claimed is:

1. An oral care composition, comprising coconut oil.

2. The composition of claim 1, further comprising lauryl glucoside.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of dentifrice, toothpaste, tooth gel, liquid dentifrice, and edible product.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition does not include silica.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of at least 10 wt.%.

6. The composition of claim 1, further comprising kaolin clay.

7. The composition of claim 1, further comprising malic acid.

8. The composition of claim 1, further comprising zinc citrate.

9. The composition of claim 1, further comprising carrageenan.

10. The composition of claim 1, further comprising glycerin.

11. The composition of claim 1, further comprising guar gum.

12. The composition of claim 1, further comprising vitamin E.

13. The composition of claim 1, further comprising populus tremuloides bark extract.

14. The composition of claim 1, further comprising nigella sativa seed oil.

15. The composition of claim 1, further comprising peppermint oil.

16. The composition of claim 1, further comprising Salvadora persica extract.

17. The composition of claim 1, wherein the coconut oil is present in an amount of about 5 wt.% to about 45 wt.%.

18. An oral care composition comprising coconut oil, lauryl glucoside, an anti-tartar agent, and water, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of at least 10 wt.%.

19. The composition of claim 18, comprising a flavoring agent, a binder, a preservative, an humectant, and an abrasive.

20. An oral care composition comprising: water; glycerin; coconut oil; lauryl glucoside; and malic acid or zinc citrate.

21. A method of cleaning an oral cavity of a subject comprising: introducing an oral care composition comprising coconut oil, lauryl glucoside, and water to the oral cavity of the subject, and thereby cleaning the oral cavity.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the subject is a human.

23. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the subject is an animal.

24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the subject is a mammal.

25. The method according to claim 21, wherein the subject is a dog.

26. The method according to claim 21, wherein the subject is a cat.

27. The method according to claim 21, wherein the subject is a horse.

28. The method according to claim 21, wherein the composition does not include silica.

29. The method according to claim 21, wherein the coconut oil is present in the composition in an amount of at least 10 wt.%.

30. The composition of claim 21 , wherein the composition is an edible product.

31. The composition of claim 30, wherein the edible product is an animal food supplement.

32. The composition of claim 31, wherein the animal food supplement is a meal topper adapted to be added to a pet meal.

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