A wrist joint for an industrial robot
The novel wrist joint design for industrial robots addresses structural complexity and high costs by integrating actuators with a bearing support, enhancing compactness and stiffness, thus improving efficiency and reducing assembly costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-26
AI Technical Summary
Conventional multi-axis industrial robots face issues with structural complexity, structural stiffness, and high assembly costs, particularly in their wrist joints.
A novel wrist joint design incorporating a first and second housing with actuators, where the second actuator is supported by a bearing, and a third actuator is integrated with a tool flange, enhancing compactness and structural stiffness while reducing costs.
The design achieves improved space compactness, structural stiffness, and reduced assembly costs, resulting in a more efficient and cost-effective wrist joint for industrial robots.
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Figure CN2024119515_26032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A WRIST JOINT FOR AN INDUSTRIAL ROBOTFIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to an industrial robot, and more specifically, to its wrist joint.BACKGROUND
[0002] Multi-axis industrial robots are widely used in various industry fields. An industrial robot typically comprises a manipulator formed by a plurality of joints each of which includes one or more actuators and a plurality of structural arms connecting the adjacent joints. The conventional multi-axis industrial robots, in particular, its wrist joint is not satisfactory in terms of structural complexity, structural stiffness, and assembly costs. There is a need to improve the wrist joint.SUMMARY
[0003] Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a wrist joint and an industrial robot comprising the same which mitigates or obviates one or more above mentioned problems.
[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a wrist joint. The wrist joint comprises: a first housing comprising a body extending along a first axial direction and a fork extending from the body, the fork comprises a first arm and a second arm opposite to the first arm, a first actuator being received in a first cavity defined by the body along the first axial direction; and a second housing comprising a first portion extending along a second axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction and a second portion extending along a third axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction and the second axial direction, a second actuator being received in a second cavity defined by the first portion along the second axial direction, a third actuator being received in a third cavity defined by the second portion along the third axial direction; wherein the second actuator comprises a second fixed part and a second rotatable part rotatable with respect the second fixed part around the second axial direction, the second rotatable part of the second actuator is fixed to the first arm, and the second fixed part of the second actuator is rotatably supported by the second arm via a bearing.
[0005] According to the present disclosure, the wrist has improved space compactness and structural stiffness, with reduced costs.
[0006] In some embodiments, the second arm comprises a first support portion extending along the second axial direction and defining a first opening; and the first portion of the second housing comprises a first flange extending along the second axial direction and received in the first opening, the bearing arranged in a gap between the first support portion and the second flange.
[0007] In some embodiments, an inner ring of the bearing is attached to an outer surface of the first flange, and an outer ring of the bearing is attached to an inner surface of the first support portion.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first arm comprises a second support portion extending along the second axial direction and defining a second opening; and the first arm further comprises a second flange extending around the second opening, the second flange configured to engage a connection interface of the second rotatable part of the second actuator.
[0009] In some embodiments, the second flange is formed as a separate member and is detachably fixed to the second support portion of the first arm.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first axial direction, the second axial direction, and the third axial direction intersect at the same one point.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first actuator comprises a first fixed part and a first rotatable part rotatable with respect the first fixed part around the first axial direction, the first rotatable part of the first actuator is configured to be fixed to a link adjacent to the wrist joint, and the first fixed part of the first actuator is fixed to the body of the first housing within the first cavity.
[0012] In some embodiments, the body of the first housing comprises an inner radial flange (19) on an inner surface of the body and configured to engage a connection interface of the first fixed part of the first actuator.
[0013] In some embodiments, the third actuator comprises a third fixed part and a third rotatable part rotatable with respect the third fixed part around the third axial direction, the third rotatable part of the third actuator is configured to be fixed to an end tool flange, and the third fixed part of the third actuator is fixed to a second portion of the second housing within the third cavity.
[0014] In some embodiments, at least one of the following is of substantially cylindrical shape: the body of the first housing, the first portion of the second housing, and the second portion of the second housing.
[0015] In some embodiments, a second shaft of the second actuator is hollow and comprises a first end adjacent to the first arm to which the second rotatable part of the second actuator is fixed and a second end, opposite to the first end, adjacent to the second arm; and a harness goes into the second shaft from the first end and exits the second shaft at its second end.
[0016] In some embodiments, a third shaft of the third actuator is hollow and comprises a first end adjacent to the second actuator and a second end, opposite to the first end, adjacent to a tool end flange; and the harness exiting the second shaft is bent back outside the second actuator and goes across the second actuator into the third shaft from the first end of the third shaft.
[0017] In some embodiments, the first housing further comprises a user’s opening for receiving user’s interface.
[0018] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an industrial robot. It comprises the wrist joint according to any of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
[0019] It would be appreciated that this summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become evident through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Through the following detailed descriptions with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the example embodiments disclosed herein will become more comprehensible. In the drawings, several example embodiments disclosed herein will be illustrated in an example and in a non-limiting manner, wherein:
[0021] Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of an industrial robot according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wrist joint according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0023] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the wrist joint shown in Fig. 2;
[0024] Fig. 4 is a section view of the wrist joint according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Fig. 5 is partial enlarged view of the wrist joint shown in Fig. 4 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Fig. 6 is an overall schematic view of an actuator according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0027] Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of how a harness is arranged in the wrist joint according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0028] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference symbols are used to indicate the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0029] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to several example embodiments shown in the drawings. Though example embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated in the drawings, it is to be understood that the embodiments are described only to facilitate those skilled in the art in better understanding and thereby achieving the present disclosure, rather than to limit the scope of the disclosure in any manner.
[0030] The term “comprises” or “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “or” is to be read as “and / or” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “being operable to” is to mean a function, an action, a motion or a state that can be achieved by an operation induced by a user or an external mechanism. The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The terms “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below. A definition of a term is consistent throughout the description unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0031] Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of an industrial robot 100 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure. The industrial robot 100 is a multi-axis industrial robot and comprises a manipulator. The manipulator is formed by a plurality of joints and a plurality of structural arms connecting the adjacent joints. In the shown example, the industrial robot 100 is shown as a six-axis robot. The industrial robot 100 comprises an arm joint 120 comprised by three joints and a wrist joint 110 comprised by three joints. It is to be understood that the industrial robot 100 may include different number of axis, for example, four, five, seven or more.
[0032] Due to compactness and lower costs, actuators are becoming widely used in industrial robots and are used to produce a joint. The structure of the robot built with actuators are simpler, with increased service life and better maintenance performances, resulting in lower costs. However, how to produce a wrist joint with actuators is unclear for a skilled person in the art. According to the present disclosure, there is proposed a novel wrist joint built by actuators which have good compactness, stiffness and lower costs.
[0033] Figs. 2 is a perspective view of a wrist joint 110 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the wrist joint shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a section view of the wrist joint according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0034] As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the wrist joint 110 comprises a first housing 10 and a second housing 20. The first housing 10 comprises a body 16 extending along a first axial direction X1 and a fork extending from the body 16. The fork comprises a first arm 12 and a second arm 14 opposite to the first arm 12. The body 16 defines a first cavity adapted to house an actuator. In some embodiments, the body 16 may be of a cylindrical shape. A first actuator 15 is received in the first cavity defined by the body 16 along the first axial direction X1. The first actuator 15 comprises a first fixed part and a first rotatable part rotatable with respect the first fixed part. The first rotatable part is configured to rotate around the first axial direction X1.
[0035] In some embodiments, also referring to Fig. 1, the first rotatable part of the first actuator 15 is configured to be fixed to a link, for example, the link 60, adjacent to the wrist joint. The first fixed part of the first actuator 15 is fixed to the body 16 of the first housing 10 within the first cavity. Thus, as the first actuator 15 operates, the first housing 10 rotates around the first axial direction X1 with respect to the link 60.
[0036] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, the body 16 of the first housing 10 may comprise an inner radial flange 19 on an inner surface of the body 16. The inner radial flange 19 is configured to engage a connection interface of the first fixed part of the first actuator 15. In some embodiments, the inner radial flange 19 may include holes for connection. The first fixed part of the first actuator 15 may be fixed to the inner radial flange 19 via screw fasteners. In the shown example, the portion for connecting the first fixed part of the first actuator 15 is shown as an inner radial flange. It is to be understood that the inner radial flange 19 may be formed as other forms such as posts and the like.
[0037] The second housing 20 may comprise a first portion 22 and a second portion 24. The first portion 22 extends along a second axial direction X2 perpendicular to the first axial direction X1. The second portion 24 extends along a third axial direction X3 perpendicular to the first axial direction X1 and the second axial direction X2. The first portion 22 defines a second cavity adapted to house an actuator. The second portion 24 defines a third cavity adapted to house an actuator. In some embodiments, the first portion 22 and the second portion 24 each may be of a cylindrical shape. A second actuator 25 is received in the second cavity defined by the first portion 22 along the second axial direction X2. A third actuator 35 is received in the third cavity defined by the second portion 24 along the third axial direction X3.
[0038] In some embodiments, the first axial direction X1, the second axial direction X2, and the third axial direction X3 intersect at the same one point. Thus, the wrist may be formed as a spherical wrist.
[0039] The second actuator 25 comprises a second fixed part and a second rotatable part rotatable with respect the second fixed part. The second rotatable part of the second actuator 25 is fixed to the housing 10 on one side of the fork. In particular, as shown in Fig. 4, the second rotatable part of the second actuator 25 is fixed to the first arm 12 of the housing 10. The second fixed part of the second actuator 25 is fixed to an inner surface of the first portion 22 of the second housing 20 and is also rotatably supported by the housing 10 on the other side of the fork. The second fixed part of the second actuator 25 is rotatably supported by the second arm 14. Thus, as the second actuator 25 operates, the second housing 20 rotates with respect to the first housing 10. Due to the fact that the second actuator 25 is supported by at least two points along the second axial direction X2, the structural rigidity of the joint is ensured.
[0040] Fig. 5 is partial enlarged view of the wrist joint shown in Fig. 4 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure. In Fig. 5, the actuators 25, 35 are fully hatched for sake of clarity. In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, on one side of the fork, i.e., at the first arm 12, a second rotatable part of the second actuator 25 is fixed to the first arm 12 of the housing 10. On the other side of the fork, i.e., at the second arm 14, a second fixed part of the second actuator 25 is rotatably supported by the second arm 14 via a bearing 50.
[0041] The first arm 12 may comprises a support portion 122 to which the second rotatable part of the second actuator 25 is fixed. The support portion 122 may extend along the second axial direction X2. In some embodiments, the support portion 122 may be a cylindrical shape and defines an opening for receiving the second actuator 25. The first arm 12 may further comprise a portion, for example, a flange 124, for fixing the second rotatable part of the second actuator 25. The flange 124 may extend around the opening and the second flange 124 is configured to engage a connection interface of the second rotatable part of the second actuator 25.
[0042] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, the flange 124 is formed as a separate member and is detachably fixed to the second support portion 122 of the first arm 12. When the flange 124 is detached from the support portion 122 of the first arm 12, the opening is not blocked at all and allows insertion of the second actuator 25 into the cavity defined by the first portion 22 of the second housing 20. After insertion of the second actuator 25, the flange 124 is fixed to the second support portion 122 of the first arm 12, for example via screw fasteners. In the shown example, the flange 124 may include a plurality of inner holes at and a plurality of outer holes for receiving screw fasteners. The flange 124 is fixed to the support portion 122 via the inner holes and is fixed to the second rotatable part of the second actuator 25 via the outer holes.
[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, the first portion 22 of the second housing 20 may include an inner flange 229. The second fixed part of the second actuator 25 is fixed to the inner flange 229.
[0044] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, the second arm 14 comprises a support portion 142 extending along the second axial direction X2. The support portion 142 may define an opening. The first portion 22 of the second housing 20 comprises a first flange 222 extending along the second axial direction X2. The first flange 222 may be received in the opening defined by the first support portion 142. The bearing 50 may be arranged in a gap between the first support portion 142 and the second flange 222. In some embodiments, an inner ring 52 of the bearing 50 is attached to an outer surface of the first flange 222, and an outer ring 54 of the bearing 50 is attached to an inner surface of the first support portion 142. As the second actuator 25 operates, the second actuator 25 can be reliably supported by the first portion 22 of the second housing 20.
[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, the third actuator 35 comprises a third fixed part and a third rotatable part rotatable with respect the third fixed part. The third rotatable part of the third actuator 35 is fixed to an end tool flange 30. The third fixed part of the third actuator 35 is fixed to the second portion 24 of the second housing 20 within its inner cavity. The second portion 24 of the second housing 20 may include an inner radial flange 249 on an inner surface of the second housing 20. The inner radial flange 249 is configured to engage a connection interface of the third fixed part of the first actuator 15. In some embodiments, the inner radial flange 249 may include holes for connection. The third fixed part of the third actuator 35 may be fixed to the inner radial flange 249 via screw fasteners. In the shown example, the portion for connecting the third fixed part of the third actuator 35 is shown as an inner radial flange. It is to be understood that the inner radial flange 249 may be formed as other forms such as posts and the like.
[0046] Fig. 6 shows an overall schematic view of an actuator 15, 25, 35 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 6, the actuator 15 may include a fixed part 152 and a rotatable part 154 rotatable with respect the fixed part 152. The fixed part 152 may be fixed to a force bearing component. The rotatable part 154 is a power output end of the actuator.
[0047] Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of how a harness 40 is arranged in the wrist joint according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 7, a first shaft of the first actuator 15 is hollow. The harness 40 enters the cavity of the first housing 10 via the first shaft. Then, the harness 40 enters a second shaft of the second actuator 25 from a side on which the first arm 12 is located. On this side, the second rotatable part of the second actuator 25 is fixed to the first arm 12. Then, the harness 40 runs along the hollow chamber of the second shaft of the second actuator 25 and exits the hollow chamber of the second shaft of the second actuator 25 from the opposite side. On this opposite side, the second fixed part of the second actuator 25 is supported by the second arm 14 via a bearing 50. After the harness 40 leaves the second shaft, the harness 40 is bent back, goes across the second actuator 25 outside the second actuator, and goes into a third hollow shaft of the third actuator at its first end adjacent to the second actuator 25. With this arrangement, twists of the harness 40 can be minimized.
[0048] In some embodiments, turning back to Fig. 2, a user’s opening 17 for receiving user’s interface may be provided at the first housing 10, for example, where the first arm 12 and the second arm 14 branch off from the body 16. In some embodiments, the first arm 12 and the second arm 14 are closed at their inner sides and are open at their outer sides. A cover 18 may be provided to close their openings.
[0049] The description of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A wrist joint, comprisinga first housing (10) comprising a body (16) extending along a first axial direction (X1) and a fork extending from the body (16) , the fork comprises a first arm (12) and a second arm (14) opposite to the first arm (12) , a first actuator (15) being received in a first cavity defined by the body (16) along the first axial direction (X1) ; anda second housing (20) comprising a first portion (22) extending along a second axial direction (X2) perpendicular to the first axial direction (X1) and a second portion (24) extending along a third axial direction (X3) perpendicular to the first axial direction (X1) and the second axial direction (X2) , a second actuator (25) being received in a second cavity defined by the first portion (22) along the second axial direction (X2) , a third actuator (35) being received in a third cavity defined by the second portion (24) along the third axial direction (X3) ;wherein the second actuator (25) comprises a second fixed part and a second rotatable part rotatable with respect the second fixed part around the second axial direction (X2) , the second rotatable part of the second actuator (25) is fixed to the first arm (12) , and the second fixed part of the second actuator (25) is rotatably supported by the second arm (14) via a bearing (50) .2.The wrist joint of claim 1, whereinthe second arm (14) comprises a first support portion (142) extending along the second axial direction (X2) and defining a first opening; andthe first portion (22) of the second housing (20) comprises a first flange (222) extending along the second axial direction (X2) and received in the first opening, the bearing (50) arranged in a gap between the first support portion (142) and the second flange (222) .3.The wrist joint of claim 2, wherein an inner ring (52) of the bearing (50) is attached to an outer surface of the first flange (222) , and an outer ring (54) of the bearing (50) is attached to an inner surface of the first support portion (142) .4.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first arm (12) comprises a second support portion (122) extending along the second axial direction (X2) and defining a second opening; andthe first arm (12) further comprises a second flange (124) extending around the second opening, the second flange (124) configured to engage a connection interface of the second rotatable part of the second actuator (25) .5.The wrist joint of claim 4, wherein the second flange (124) is formed as a separate member and is detachably fixed to the second support portion (122) of the first arm (12) .6.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first axial direction (X1) , the second axial direction (X2) , and the third axial direction (X3) intersect at the same one point.7.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, whereinthe first actuator (15) comprises a first fixed part and a first rotatable part rotatable with respect the first fixed part around the first axial direction (X1) ,the first rotatable part of the first actuator (15) is configured to be fixed to a link (60) adjacent to the wrist joint, andthe first fixed part of the first actuator (15) is fixed to the body (16) of the first housing (10) within the first cavity.8.The wrist joint of claim 7, wherein the body (16) of the first housing (10) comprises an inner radial flange (19) on an inner surface of the body (16) and configured to engage a connection interface of the first fixed part of the first actuator (15) .9.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, whereinthe third actuator (35) comprises a third fixed part and a third rotatable part rotatable with respect the third fixed part around the third axial direction (X3) ,the third rotatable part of the third actuator (35) is configured to be fixed to an end tool flange (30) , andthe third fixed part of the third actuator (35) is fixed to a second portion (24) of the second housing (20) within the third cavity.10.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the following is of substantially cylindrical shape: the body (16) of the first housing (10) , the first portion (22) of the second housing (20) , and the second portion (24) of the second housing (20) .11.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, whereina second shaft of the second actuator (25) is hollow and comprises a first end adjacent to the first arm (12) to which the second rotatable part of the second actuator (25) is fixed and a second end, opposite to the first end, adjacent to the second arm (14) ; anda harness (40) goes into the second shaft from the first end and exits the second shaft at its second end.12.The wrist joint of claim 11, whereina third shaft of the third actuator (35) is hollow and comprises a first end adjacent to the second actuator (25) and a second end, opposite to the first end, adjacent to a tool end flange (30) ; andthe harness (40) exiting the second shaft is bent back outside the second actuator (25) and goes across the second actuator (25) into the third shaft from the first end of the third shaft.13.The wrist joint of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first housing (10) further comprises a user’s opening (17) for receiving user’s interface.14.An industrial robot comprising the wrist joint according to any of the claims 1-13.
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