Beam failure recovery enhancement in UL dense deployment
By allowing UE to transmit BFRQ to different TRPs and receive responses from downlink TRPs using dedicated channels, the latency and reliability of beam failure recovery are improved in dense uplink deployments, addressing the challenges of increased latency and congestion in existing systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
In wireless communication systems with dense uplink deployment, beam failure recovery procedures experience increased latency and congestion due to multiple retransmissions of beam failure recovery requests (BFRQ) when uplink signal quality is poor, as existing methods limit BFR-related information exchanges to the same transmission reception point (TRP).
Enhancements enable a user equipment (UE) to transmit BFRQ to a different TRP for uplink signals and receive responses from a downlink TRP, utilizing dedicated physical channels like PRACH, PUCCH, or PUSCH, and determining transmission beams based on joint or uplink TCI states.
This approach reduces latency and enhances the reliability and accuracy of beam failure recovery by avoiding congestion and prioritizing BFR processes over regular data traffic in dense uplink scenarios.
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Figure CN2024122254_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
BEAM FAILURE RECOVERY ENHANCEMENT IN UL DENSE DEPLOYMENTTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems and, more particularly, to enhancements in beam failure recovery for uplink dense deployment in wireless communications.
[0002] INTRODUCTION
[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0004] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR) . 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT) ) , and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , massive machine type communications (mMTC) , and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) . Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists a need for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.
[0005] BRIEF SUMMARY
[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects. This summary neither identifies key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineates the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) . The apparatus may include at least one memory and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory. Based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, may be configured to transmit a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) to an uplink transmission reception point (TRP) for reception of uplink signals, where the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; and receive, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ.
[0008] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at a network entity. The apparatus may include at least one memory and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory. Based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, may be configured to receive, from a UE, at an uplink TRP associated with the network entity, a BFRQ; and transmit, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ.
[0009] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects may include the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.
[0011] FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and user equipment (UE) in an access network.
[0016] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an uplink sense deployment.
[0017] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery for primary cells (PCell) or primary secondary cells (PScell) .
[0018] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery process in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery process in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0020] FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery process in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 8B illustrates a flowchart including aspects of a method of transmission of wireless communication in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 9 is a call flow diagram illustrating a method of wireless communication in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating methods of wireless communication at a UE in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating methods of wireless communication at a network entity in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus and / or UE.
[0026] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In wireless communication, such as in 5G networks, that use narrow, directed beams for communication, a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure may be used to maintain effective communication when a transmission beam between a user equipment (UE) and a base station becomes ineffective or unreliable. In a BFR procedure, if the UE detects that the signal quality from the current transmission beam falls below a certain threshold, it may send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) to the base station. The base station then identifies and assigns a new beam to the UE to restore communication. BFR procedures, however, BFR-related information exchanges are transmitted to the same transmission reception point (TRP) . This limitation can cause the UE to perform multiple retransmissions (reTx) of the BFRQ when the uplink (UL) signal quality is poor, leading to increased latency in beam failure recovery. Example aspects presented herein provide methods and apparatus for enhancing the beam failure recovery process, particularly in environments with dense uplink deployment by enabling a UE to send a BFRQ to a different TRP than a TRP from which the UE may receive a BFR related message. For example, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to a TRP that receives uplink communication but does not transmit downlink communication (e.g., which may be referred to as an UL-only TRP) , and may receive a BFR related message from a downlink (DL) TRP that supports downlink communication.
[0028] Various aspects relate generally to wireless communication. Some aspects more specifically relate to the enhancements to the beam failure recovery process in environments with dense uplink deployment. In some examples, a UE transmits a BFRQ to an uplink TRP for reception of uplink signals. The uplink TRP is associated with a network entity. The UE further receives a response to the BFRQ from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity. In some aspects, the UE may transmit the BFRQ via a physical random access channel (PRACH) . In some aspects, the UE may transmit the BFRQ via a dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a configured grant physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . In some aspects, the UE may receive a state indication for a joint transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state or uplink TCI state; and determine, based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state, a transmission beam for transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP.
[0029] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by enabling the UE to send beam failure recovery requests (BFRQ) to uplink-only TRPs, the described techniques help avoid congestion and interference in scenarios with dense uplink deployment, thereby reducing the latency and enhancing the reliability of beam failure recovery. In some examples, by using dedicated resources, such as dedicated PUCCH resources, for BFRQ transmissions, the described techniques prioritize the beam failure recovery processes over regular data traffic, thereby enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of the beam recovery.
[0030] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the drawings describes various configurations and does not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0031] Several aspects of telecommunication systems are presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0032] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise, shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.
[0033] Accordingly, in one or more example aspects, implementations, and / or use cases, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media can include a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0034] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described in this application by illustration to some examples, additional or different aspects, implementations and / or use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may come about via integrated chip implementations and other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI) -enabled devices, etc. ) . While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described examples may occur. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may range a spectrum from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip- level implementations and further to aggregate, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more techniques herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspect. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes a number of components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antenna, RF-chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffer, processor (s) , interleaver, adders / summers, etc. ) . Techniques described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or disaggregated components, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution.
[0035] Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a radio access network (RAN) node, a core network node, a network element, or a network equipment, such as a base station (BS) , or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB) , evolved NB (eNB) , NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , or a cell, etc. ) may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone BS or a monolithic BS) or a disaggregated base station.
[0036] An aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A disaggregated base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , or one or more radio units (RUs) ) . In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other RAN nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU and RU can be implemented as virtual units, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) .
[0037] Base station operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) ) , or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) ) . Disaggregation may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as distributing functionality for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station, or disaggregated RAN architecture, can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.
[0038] FIG. 1 is a diagram 100 illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network. The illustrated wireless communications system includes a disaggregated base station architecture. The disaggregated base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110 that can communicate directly with a core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 105, or both) . A CU 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via respective midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via respective fronthaul links. The RUs 140 may communicate with respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 140.
[0039] Each of the units, i.e., the CUs 110, the DUs 130, the RUs 140, as well as the Near-RT RICs 125, the Non-RT RICs 115, and the SMO Framework 105, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or to transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of the units, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units can include a wired interface configured to receive or to transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units. Additionally, the units can include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) , configured to receive or to transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.
[0040] In some aspects, the CU 110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , or the like. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit –User Plane (CU-UP) ) , control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit –Control Plane (CU-CP) ) , or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. The CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as an E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130, as necessary, for network control and signaling.
[0041] The DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 140. In some aspects, the DU 130 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, or the like) depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as those defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, the DU 130 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 130, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 110.
[0042] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RUs 140. In some deployments, an RU 140, controlled by a DU 130, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) , inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like) , or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, the RU (s) 140 can be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 140 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable the DU (s) 130 and the CU 110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0043] The SMO Framework 105 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 105 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements that may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface) . For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 105 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 190) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 110, DUs 130, RUs 140 and Near-RT RICs 125. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 105 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 111, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via an O1 interface. The SMO Framework 105 also may include a Non-RT RIC 115 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 105.
[0044] The Non-RT RIC 115 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 125. The Non-RT RIC 115 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 125. The Near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 110, one or more DUs 130, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 125.
[0045] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 125, the Non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 125 and may be received at the SMO Framework 105 or the Non-RT RIC 115 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 115 or the Near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies) .
[0046] At least one of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 may be referred to as a base station 102. Accordingly, a base station 102 may include one or more of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 (each component indicated with dotted lines to signify that each component may or may not be included in the base station 102) . The base station 102 provides an access point to the core network 120 for a UE 104. The base station 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and / or small cells (low power cellular base station) . The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) . The communication links between the RUs 140 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to an RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from an RU 140 to a UE 104. The communication links may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links may be through one or more carriers. The base station 102 / UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) . The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
[0047] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, BluetoothTM (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) ) , Wi-FiTM (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance) based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.
[0048] The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi AP 150 in communication with UEs 104 (also referred to as Wi-Fi stations (STAs) ) via communication link 154, e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the UEs 104 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
[0049] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency / wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) . Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz –300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
[0050] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) . Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and / or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , FR4 (71 GHz –114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.
[0051] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “millimeter wave” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.
[0052] The base station 102 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays to facilitate beamforming. The base station 102 may transmit a beamformed signal 182 to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 102 in one or more receive directions. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal 184 to the base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 102 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base station 102 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
[0053] The base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 can be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, an aggregated (monolithic) base station with a baseband unit (BBU) (including a CU and a DU) and an RU, or as a disaggregated base station including one or more of a CU, a DU, and / or an RU. The set of base stations, which may include disaggregated base stations and / or aggregated base stations, may be referred to as next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN) .
[0054] The core network 120 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, a Session Management Function (SMF) 162, a User Plane Function (UPF) 163, a Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. The AMF 161 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 120. The AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. The SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. The UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. The UDM 164 supports the generation of authentication and key agreement (AKA) credentials, user identification handling, access authorization, and subscription management. The one or more location servers 168 are illustrated as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, the one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, the LMF 166, a position determination entity (PDE) , a serving mobile location center (SMLC) , a mobile positioning center (MPC) , or the like. The GMLC 165 and the LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) for accessing UE positioning information. The LMF 166 receives measurements and assistance information from the NG-RAN and the UE 104 via the AMF 161 to compute the position of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may utilize one or more positioning methods in order to determine the position of the UE 104. Positioning the UE 104 may involve signal measurements, a position estimate, and an optional velocity computation based on the measurements. The signal measurements may be made by the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 serving the UE 104. The signals measured may be based on one or more of a satellite positioning system (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) , global position system (GPS) , non-terrestrial network (NTN) , or other satellite position / location system) , LTE signals, wireless local area network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, a terrestrial beacon system (TBS) , sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor) , NR enhanced cell ID (NR E-CID) methods, NR signals (e.g., multi-round trip time (Multi-RTT) , DL angle-of-departure (DL-AoD) , DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) , UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA) , and UL angle-of-arrival (UL-AoA) positioning) , and / or other systems / signals / sensors.
[0055] Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) . The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also apply to one or more companion devices such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may collectively access the network and / or individually access the network.
[0056] Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, the UE 104 may include a beam failure recovery component 198. The beam failure recovery component 198 may be configured to transmit a BFRQ to an uplink TRP for reception of uplink signals, where the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; and receive, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ. In certain aspects, the base station 102 may include a beam failure recovery component 199. The beam failure recovery component 199 may be configured to receive, from a UE, at an uplink TRP associated with the network entity, a BFRQ; and transmit, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ. Although the following description may be focused on 5G NR, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.
[0057] FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplexed (FDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be time division duplexed (TDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGs. 2A, 2C, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL) , where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible for use between DL / UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 1 (with all UL) . While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 1, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI) . Note that the description infra applies also to a 5G NR frame structure that is TDD.
[0058] FIGs. 2A-2D illustrate a frame structure, and the aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other wireless communication technologies, which may have a different frame structure and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) . Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. The symbols on DL may be CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission) . The number of slots within a subframe is based on the CP and the numerology. The numerology defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1) . The symbol length / duration may scale with 1 / SCS.
[0059] Table 1: Numerology, SCS, and CP
[0060] For normal CP (14 symbols / slot) , different numerologies μ 0 to 4 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots, respectively, per subframe. For extended CP, the numerology 2 allows for 4 slots per subframe. Accordingly, for normal CP and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2μ slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2μ*15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 4. As such, the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and the numerology μ=4 has a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGs. 2A-2D provide an example of normal CP with 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within a set of frames, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) (see FIG. 2B) that are frequency division multiplexed. Each BWP may have a particular numerology and CP (normal or extended) .
[0061] A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
[0062] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE.The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS) , beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
[0063] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs) , each CCE including six RE groups (REGs) , each REG including 12 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB. A PDCCH within one BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET) . A UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., common search space, UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at greater and / or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and a physical layer identity. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also referred to as SS block (SSB) ) . The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) . The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and paging messages.
[0064] As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. The UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) . The SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs. The SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
[0065] FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACK and / or negative ACK (NACK) ) . The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and / or UCI.
[0066] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, Internet protocol (IP) packets may be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0067] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) . The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0068] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) . The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
[0069] The controller / processor 359 can be associated with at least one memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0070] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0071] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0072] The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.
[0073] The controller / processor 375 can be associated with at least one memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0074] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the beam failure recovery component 198 of FIG. 1.
[0075] At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the beam failure recovery component 199 of FIG. 1.
[0076] The present disclosure provides methods and apparatus for beam failure recovery enhancements in uplink (UL) dense deployments. In uplink dense deployments, if the uplink signal quality of a downlink TRP is inadequate, and the UL signal quality of an uplink-only TRP is sufficient, a UE may send a BFRQ to the uplink-only TRP to achieve a faster beam failure recovery.
[0077] In wireless communication, such as in 5G networks that use narrow, directed beams for communication, the BFR procedure is used to maintain effective communication when the transmission beam between a UE and a base station becomes ineffective or unreliable. In a BFR procedure, if the UE detects that the signal quality from the current transmission beam falls below a certain threshold, it may send a BFRQ to the base station. The base station then identifies and assigns a new beam to the UE to restore communication. Existing BFR procedures, however, confine all BFR-related information exchanges to the same TRP. This limitation may cause the UE to perform multiple retransmissions of the BFRQ when the uplink (UL) signal quality is poor, leading to increased latency in beam failure recovery. Example aspects presented herein provide methods and apparatus for enhancing beam failure recovery in environments with dense uplink deployment.
[0078] In wireless communication, an uplink dense deployment may be utilized to enhance the coverage or capacity of uplink channels. An uplink dense deployment may include an asymmetric deployment of downlink and uplink channels, wherein the uplink channels are deployed with a higher density compared to the downlink channels.
[0079] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of an uplink sense deployment. As shown in FIG. 4, in an uplink dense deployment, the uplink signals or channels (e.g., uplink signal 410) transmitted by the UE 402 may be received by designated uplink reception points (or UL Rx points) or nodes, such as uplink-only TRP 408. Meanwhile, downlink signals or channels (e.g., downlink signal 412) may be transmitted from different nodes (e.g., downlink / uplink node 406) by the base station, such as Macro nodes, central nodes, serving cells, or serving base stations. These downlink-transmitting nodes (e.g., downlink / uplink node 406) may be connected to the uplink reception points or nodes (e.g., uplink-only TRPs 408, 418, 428, 438) through a backhaul link (e.g., backhaul link 420) . This setup helps to reduce uplink path loss (PL) , which is a common issue in areas with inadequate uplink coverage. Additionally, as the uplink reception points (e.g., uplink-only TRPs 408, 418, 428, 438) may be configured to receive uplink signals and forward them (with or without processing) to the Macro node, without transmitting any downlink signals, this approach may significantly reduce the deployment costs and complexity. As used herein, the uplink reception points, dedicated solely to receiving uplink signals without transmitting any downlink signals, are referred as “uplink-only TRPs” or “uplink TRPs. ” In some examples, an uplink-only TRP (or uplink TRP) may be represented by transmission resources, such as channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) resources.
[0080] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery for primary cells (PCell) or primary secondary cells (PScell) . As shown in FIG. 5, the first step of the beam failure recovery may involve the beam failure detection (BFD) 508, in which the UE 502 detects a beam that does not maintain an acceptable level of signal quality based on BFD reference signals (e.g., at 506) from the Pcell or PScell 504. In some examples, the BFD reference signals (e.g., at 506) may include periodic CSI-RS resources. In some examples, the periodic CSI-RS resources may be configured by a radio resource control (RRC) parameter, such as RRC parameter failureDetectionResources. The BFD may utilize up to two reference signals (RS) from a single port. In some examples, when no reference signals have been configured, the reference signal sets indicated by the active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states of the control resource sets (CORESETs) monitored by the UE 502 may be utilized instead. In some examples, the UE’s physical layer may access the radio link quality according to the BFD against a predefined threshold (e.g., Qout) . For example, if the radio link quality is worse than the threshold (e.g., Qout) for all reference signals in the BFD resource set, the UE 502 may send an indication to the higher layers to indicate the detected beam failure (e.g., the radio link quality falls below the threshold) .
[0081] The second step of the beam failure recovery may involve candidate beam detection (CBD) 510, which may be based on periodic CSI-RS or synchronization signal blocks (SSB) configured via an RRC parameter, such as RRC parameter candidateBeamRSList. In some examples, up to 16 resources, each with a corresponding ra-preamble-index for the random access channel (RACH) , may be used for CBD 510. For example, based on a request from the higher layers, the UE 502 may provide the RS index and the received signal received power (RSRP) for those signals or resources that meet or exceed a configurable threshold (e.g., Qin) . The UE 502 then may, at 512, initiate a contention-free random access procedure based on the ra-preamble-index associated with the selected RS index (e.g., RS index qnew) with an RSRP above the threshold (e.g., Qin) .
[0082] In the third step of the beam failure recovery, the UE 502 may monitor the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in a search space set, defined by parameter recoverySearchSpaceId, to detect a downlink control information (DCI) format. This DCI format may be scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) or a modulation and coding scheme C-RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI) and begins from a specific slot (e.g., a slot at location n+4, where n represents the instance of the PRACH transmission) . This step may involve a random access response, such as a beam failure recovery response at 514. In some examples, if the UE 502 successfully receives the PDCCH within a time window, the BFR process may be considered completed. In some examples, the CORESET associated with the search space set provided by parameter recoverySearchSpaceId may not be used for any other search space sets, ensuring dedicated resources for this recovery process.
[0083] In BFR procedures for Pcell and PScell, all BFR-related information exchanges may be transmitted in the same TRP. As a result, when the uplink signal quality is poor, the UE may perform multiple retransmissions of the BFRQ. Such repeated retransmissions may lead to increased latency in beam failure recovery. Example aspects presented herein provide methods and apparatus for enhancing the beam failure recovery process, particularly in environments with dense uplink deployment. In some aspects, in environments with dense uplink deployment, if the uplink signal quality of the downlink TRP is inadequate, but the uplink signal quality from an uplink-only TRP is satisfactory, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink-only TRP (e.g., uplink-only TRP 408) to expedite the beam failure recovery process, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and reliability of wireless communication. As used herein, a “downlink TRP” may refer to a TRP that is capable of transmitting downlink signals.
[0084] In some aspects, the UE may send a BFRQ to an uplink-only TRP via various communication channels, such as physical random access channel (PRACH) , physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) , or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
[0085] In some examples, the UE may send the BFRQ to an uplink-only TRP via PRACH, following the same approach taken when sending BFRQs to downlink TRPs, and the UE may determine the transmission beam for the uplink-only TRP.
[0086] FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery process in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, in some examples, the UE 602 may, at 610, send the BFRQ to the uplink-only TRP 608 via PUCCH through a one-step procedure. In some aspects, the PUCCH resources for BFRQ transmission (e.g., at 610) may be dedicated PUCCH resources (not being used for data transmission) and may be configured by radio resource control (RRC) . During this process, the UE 602 may carry the index of a potential new candidate beam, which may be identified through the index of CSI-RS or synchronization signal blocks (SSB) resource, in the PUCCH transmission at 610. In some examples, the index of the potential new candidate beam may be included in the BFRQ. In some examples, the index of the potential new candidate beam may be transmitted separately from the BFRQ.
[0087] In some examples, if the UE 602 fails to find a new candidate beam with sufficiently high signal strength (e.g., a layer 1 -received signal received power (L1-RSRP) above a predetermined threshold) , the UE 602 may report on PUCCH an indication to indicate that no new candidate beam is found. In some examples, if the UE fails to find a new candidate beam with sufficiently high signal strength (e.g., L1-RSRP above a predetermined threshold) , the UE 602 may report the best beam for L1-RSRP along with the L1-RSRP value on PUCCH.
[0088] As shown in FIG. 6, in some examples, the network’s response to the BFRQ may be transmitted, at 612, by a downlink TRP 606 through the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . In some examples, a resource allocation field associated with the PDCCH may be set to a specific value (e.g., a response value) , which may indicate that this PDCCH does not schedule data transmission. Instead, it allocates resources specifically to respond to the BFRQ. In some examples, the response from the network (e.g., gNB) may be designed so that the PDCCH is spatially quasi co-located (QCL’ d) with the downlink reference signals of the beam identified by the UE 602 in the BFRQ (transmitted at 610) . In some examples, the UE 602 may be configured to monitor the network’s response within a time window (or a time duration) 620, which may be predefined or configured by an RRC message. In some examples, the start point (e.g., T1) of the time window 620 may be based on the BFRQ transmission time (e.g., T0) . In some examples, the UE 602 may persistently transmit (e.g., repeatedly transmit) the BFRQ at 622, 624 until it receives a response from the network (e.g., gNB) , ensuring the reliable transmission of the BFRQ.
[0089] In some aspects, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink-only TRP via PUCCH using a two-step procedure. FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery process in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, the UE 702 may send a link recovery request (LRR) at 710 to an uplink-only TRP 708 using a corresponding PUCCH resource, which may be different from the resources used for the BFRQ (e.g., at 712) . The dedicated PUCCH resources allocated for the BFRQ may be available for other purposes before receiving the LRR at TLRR. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, before the transmission of the LRR at TLRR, the PUCCH resources (e.g., PUCCHs 730 and 732) are available for purposes other than transmitting the BFRQ. Once the LRR is received at TLRR, the dedicated PUCCH resources, such as the PUCCH 734, may then be reserved for transmitting the BFRQ until the time the BFRQ is transmitted at T0. Hence, the timing for reserving the dedicated PUCCH resources begins from the time the LRR is received (e.g., at TLRR) and continues until the BFRQ is transmitted (e.g., at T0) . In some examples, the starting point for the time window 720 for monitoring the network’s response via the PDCCH from, for example, the downlink TRP 706 may be related to the BFRQ transmission time (e.g., T0) or the LRR transmission time (e.g., TLRR) .
[0090] In some aspects, the UE may employ a combined approach to transmit the BFRQ to an uplink-only TRP via the PUCCH and configured grant physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . FIG. 8A is a diagram 800 illustrating an example of a beam failure recovery process in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8A, in some examples, the UE 802 may first send an LRR at 810 using a corresponding PUCCH resource to an uplink-only TRP 808. Following the transmission of the LRR (e.g., at TLRR) , the UE 802 may send the BFRQ (at 812) to the uplink-only TRP 808 using a configured grant PUSCH. In some examples, the UE 802 may carry the index of a potential new candidate beam, which may be identified through the index of CSI-RS or SSB resource, in the configured grant PUSCH transmission. In some examples, if the UE 802 fails to find a new candidate beam with sufficiently high signal strength (e.g., L1-RSRP above a predetermined threshold) , the UE 802 may report on the configured grant PUSCH an indication to indicate that no new candidate beam is found. In some examples, if the UE 802 fails to find a new candidate beam with sufficiently high signal strength (e.g., L1-RSRP above a predetermined threshold) , the UE 802 may report the best beam for L1-RSRP along with the L1-RSRP value on the configured grant PUSCH.
[0091] In some examples, the configured grant PUSCH resources allocated for the BFRQ may remain available for other uses before the LRR is transmitted (e.g., at TLRR) . For example, the configured grant PUSCH resources 830 and 832 may be available for uses other than transmitting the BFRQ before the transmission of the LRR at TLRR. Once the LRR is transmitted at TLRR, these resources, such as configured grant PUSCH 834, may be reserved (e.g., exclusively reserved) for the transmission of the BFRQ until the transmission time of the BFRQ (e.g., T0) . For example, after the transmission of the BFRQ at T0, the configured grant PUSCH resources 836 and 838 become available for uses other than transmitting the BFRQ.
[0092] In some examples, the network’s response to the BFRQ may be transmitted by, for example, the downlink TRP 806 and may include a normal uplink grant scrambled by the C-RNTI. This dynamic grant may be used to schedule a new transmission corresponding to the same hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process as the PUSCH that carries the BFRQ (e.g., at 812) .
[0093] In some aspects, the transmission beam for a BFRQ transmission may be determined based on the joint or uplink transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state, which may be previously indicated to the UE by the network. FIG. 8B illustrates examples of considerations for determining the transmission beam for the BFRQ transmission. As shown at 852, a UE may consider whether a previously indicated joint or uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss (PL) offset. If so, the UE may transmit the transmission to an UL-only TRP, as shown at 854. For example, if the previously indicated joint or uplink TCI state is associated with a PL offset or is spatially quasi co-located (QCL’ d) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) , then the BFRQ may be transmitted to an uplink-only TRP. The transmission beam for the BFRQ transmission may be selected based on the joint or uplink TCI state that is linked to the PL offset or is spatially QCL’ d with SRS.
[0094] In some examples, if the previously indicated joint or uplink TCI state is neither associated with a PL offset nor spatially QCL’ d with an SRS, it suggests that the previously indicated joint or uplink TCI state is for a downlink TRP and may not provide an accurate beam indication for transmission to an uplink-only TRP. Under these circumstances, in some examples, a beam sweeping scheme may be employed for the BFRQ transmission to the uplink-only TRP, e.g., as shown at 856. For example, multiple resources that are associated with different joint or uplink TCI states or different SRS resource indicators may be used for one BFRQ transmission. In some examples, if the previously indicated joint or uplink TCI state is neither associated with a PL offset nor spatially QCL’ d with an SRS, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to a downlink TRP, e.g., as shown at 858. In this case, the transmission beam for the BFRQ transmission may be determined based on the previously indicated joint or uplink TCI state, which may not be associated with a PL offset or be spatially QCL’ d with an SRS.
[0095] FIG. 9 is a call flow diagram 900 illustrating a method of wireless communication in accordance with various aspects of this present disclosure. Various aspects are described in connection with a UE 902 and a base station 904. The base station 904 may have multiple associated TRPs. For example, the multiple associated TRPs may include a downlink TRP 906 and an uplink-only TRP 908, which may also be referred to as an uplink TRP, in some aspects. Various aspects of the call flow diagram 900 may be performed by the UE 902 or the base station 904 (including the downlink TRP 906 or the uplink-only TRP 908) in aggregation and / or by one or more components of a base station 904 (e.g., a CU 110, a DU 130, and / or an RU 140) .
[0096] As shown in FIG. 9, at 910, the UE 902 may receive from base station 904 a radio resource control (RRC) message. The RRC message may include a resource configuration for a dedicated PUCCH. For example, referring to FIG. 7, the RRC message may include a resource configuration for dedicated PUCCHs 730, 732, 734, 736, 738.
[0097] At 912, the UE 902 may receive a state indication for a joint TCI state or uplink TCI state.
[0098] At 914, the UE 902 may determine a transmission beam for transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 908 based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state.
[0099] At 916, the UE 902 may transmit a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP 908. In some examples, the UE 902 may transmit the LRR via an initial PUCCH at a first time. For example, referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8A, the UE 702, 802 may transmit an LRR to the uplink-only TRP 708 and 808, respectively. The first time may be the transmission time of the LRR (e.g., TLRR) .
[0100] At 918, the UE 902 may reserve a dedicated PUCCH for transmission of the BFRQ. In some examples, the dedicated PUCCH may be reserved between the first time and the transmission time of the BFRQ. That is, the dedicated PUCCH will not be used for data transmission between the first time and the transmission time of the BFRQ. For example, referring to FIG. 7, the dedicated PUCCH 734 may be reserved between the first time (e.g., TLRR) and the transmission time of the BFRQ (e.g., T0) .
[0101] At 920, the UE 902 may select one candidate beam from a set of candidate beams based on the quality condition. In some examples, the quality condition may include the L1-RSRP associated with one candidate beam in the set of candidate beams is greater than an RSRP threshold.
[0102] In some examples, if the quality condition is not met by any of the set of candidate beams (e.g., none of the set of candidate beams has an L1-RSRP greater than the RSRP threshold) , the UE may, at 922, transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, an indication of an absence of the one candidate beam (e.g., 940) to the uplink TRP 908.
[0103] In some examples, if the quality condition is not met by any of the set of candidate beams (e.g., none of the set of candidate beams has an L1-RSRP greater than the RSRP threshold) , the UE may, at 922, transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, the best candidate beam in the set of candidate beams and a corresponding L1-RSRP for the best candidate beam (e.g., 942) . For example, the L1-RSRP for the best candidate beam may be the highest L1-RSRP among the L1-RSRPs for the set of candidate beams.
[0104] In some aspects, at 924, the UE 902 may determine whether an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state has been met. The uplink transmission condition may include one or more of: the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, or the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with an SRS.
[0105] In some examples, if the uplink transmission condition has been met, the UE 902 may, at 926, transmit a BFRQ to the uplink TRP 908 associated with the base station 904. In some examples, the BFRQ may include a beam indication for one candidate beam associated with the BFRQ (e.g., 950) . In some examples, the beam indication may include one of: a first index for a CSI-RS resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam, or a second index for an SSB resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam. In some examples, the UE 902 may transmit the beam indication for one candidate beam associated with the BFRQ separately from the transmission of the BFRQ.
[0106] The UE 902 may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 908 via various channels. These channels may include, for example, a PRACH 944, a dedicated PUCCH 946, or a configured grant PUSCH 948. For example, referring to FIG. 7, the UE 702 may, at 712, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 708 via a dedicated PUCCH 734. Referring to FIG. 8A, the UE 802 may, at 812, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink-only TRP 808 via a configured grant PUSCH 834.
[0107] In some examples, if the uplink transmission condition has not been met, the UE 902 may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 908 at 926 using a beam sweeping transmission 952.
[0108] In some examples, if the uplink transmission condition has not been met, the UE 902 may, at 928, transmit the BFRQ to the downlink TRP 906.
[0109] At 930, the UE 902 may receive a response to the BFRQ from the base station 904 (e.g., from the downlink TRP 906 associated with the base station 904) . In some examples, the UE 902 may receive the response to the BFRQ via a PDCCH 954.
[0110] FIG. 10 is a flowchart 1000 illustrating methods of wireless communication at a UE in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The method may be performed by a UE in corporation with a network entity. The network entity may be a base station, or a component of a base station, in the access network of FIG. 1 or a core network component (e.g., base station 102, 310, 904; or the network entity 1202 in the hardware implementation of FIG. 12) . The base station may be associated with an uplink-only TRP and a downlink TRP. The uplink-only TRP may be uplink-only TRP 608, 708, 808, 908. The downlink TRP may be downlink TRP 606, 706, 806, 906. The UE may be the UE 104, 350, 602, 702, 802, 902, or the apparatus 1204 in the hardware implementation of FIG. 12. By enabling the UE to send BFRQ to uplink-only TRPs, the methods help avoid congestion and interference in scenarios with dense uplink deployment, thereby reducing the latency and enhancing the reliability of beam failure recovery. Additionally, by using dedicated resources, such as dedicated PUCCH resources, for BFRQ transmissions, the methods prioritize the beam failure recovery processes over regular data traffic, thereby enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of the beam recovery.
[0111] As shown in FIG. 10, at 1002, the UE may transmit a BFRQ to an uplink TRP for reception of uplink signals. The uplink TRP may be associated with the network entity. FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8A, and FIG. 9 illustrate various aspects of the steps in connection with flowchart 1000. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 926, transmit a BFRQ to an uplink TRP 908. The uplink TRP 908 may be associated with the network entity (base station 904) . Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8A, the UE 602, 702, 802 may transmit a BFRQ to an uplink-only TRP 608, 708, 808, respectively. In some aspects, 1002 may be performed by the beam failure recovery component 198.
[0112] At 1004, the UE may receive a response to the BFRQ from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 930, receive a response to the BFRQ from a downlink TRP 906 associated with the network entity (base station 904) . Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8A, the UE 602, 702, 802 may receive a response to the BFRQ from a downlink TRP 606, 706, 806, respectively. In some aspects, 1004 may be performed by the beam failure recovery component 198.
[0113] In some aspects, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP for reception of the uplink signals via a PRACH. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 926, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 908 via a PRACH 944.
[0114] In some aspects, the UE may receive a state indication for a joint TCI state or uplink TCI state; and determine the transmission beam for transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 912, receive a state indication for a joint TCI state or uplink TCI state. The UE 902 may, at 914, determine the transmission beam for transmission of the BFRQ (e.g., at 926) to the uplink TRP 908 based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state.
[0115] In some aspects, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP using the transmission beam in response to an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state being met. The uplink transmission condition may include one or more of: the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, or the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) . For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 924, determine whether an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state has been met and, at 926, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 926 using the transmission beam if the uplink transmission condition has been met.
[0116] In some aspects, when the uplink transmission condition is not met, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP using a beam sweeping transmission. In some aspects, when the uplink transmission condition is not met, the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the downlink TRP. For example, referring to FIG. 9, if the UE 902 determines, at 924, that the uplink transmission condition is not met, the UE 902 may, at 926, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 926 using a beam sweeping transmission 952. In some examples, when the uplink transmission condition is not met, the UE 902 may, at 928, transmit the BFRQ to the downlink TRP 906.
[0117] In some aspects, the UE may receive a radio resource control (RRC) message from the network entity, and the RRC message may include a resource configuration for a dedicated PUCCH, and the UE may transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP via the dedicated PUCCH at a transmission time. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 910, receive an RRC message from the network entity (e.g., downlink TRP 906 associated with the base station 904) , and the RRC message may include a resource configuration for a dedicated PUCCH, and the UE 902 may, at 926, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 908 via the dedicated PUCCH 946 at a transmission time. Referring to FIG. 7, the UE 702 may, at 712, transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 708 via the dedicated PUCCH 734 at a transmission time T0.
[0118] In some aspects, the UE may receive the response to the BFRQ via a PDCCH within a time window for monitoring the response to the BFRQ. For example, referring to FIG. 7, the UE 702 may, at 714, receive the response to the BFRQ via a PDCCH within a time window 720 for monitoring the response to the BFRQ.
[0119] In some aspects, the resource allocation field associated with the PDCCH may include a response value, and the response value may indicate the exclusion of data transmission on the PDCCH (e.g., the PDCCH does not schedule data transmission) . For example, referring to FIG. 7, the resource allocation field associated with the PDCCH for BFRQ response at 714 may include a specific value, which indicates that the PDCCH does not schedule data transmission.
[0120] In some aspects, the time window may be a predefined window. In some examples, the time window may be based on an RRC configuration. The start time of the time window may be based on the transmission time. For example, referring to FIG. 6, in some examples, the time window 620 may be a predefined window. In some examples, the time window 620 may be based on an RRC configuration. The start time T1 of the time window 620 may be based on the transmission time T0.
[0121] In some aspects, the UE may repeat the transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP until the UE receives the response to the BFRQ. For example, referring to FIG. 6, the UE 602 may repeat the transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP 608 at 610, 622, and 624 until the UE 602 receives the response to the BFRQ at 612.
[0122] In some aspects, the UE may transmit a beam indication for one candidate beam associated with the BFRQ via the dedicated PUCCH. The beam indication may include one of: a first index for a CSI-RS resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam, or a second index for an SSB resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may transmit a beam indication 950 for one candidate beam associated with the BFRQ via the dedicated PUCCH 946. The beam indication 950 may include one of: a first index for a CSI-RS resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam, or a second index for an SSB resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam.
[0123] In some aspects, the UE may select one candidate beam from a set of candidate beams based on a quality condition, and the quality condition may include the L1-RSRP being larger than an RSRP threshold. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 920, select the one candidate beam from a set of candidate beams based on a quality condition, and the quality condition may include the L1-RSRP being larger than an RSRP threshold.
[0124] In some aspects, if the quality condition is not met by any of the set of candidate beams, the UE may transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, an indication of an absence of the one candidate beam. For example, referring to FIG. 9, if the quality condition is not met by any of the set of candidate beams, the UE 902 may, at 922, transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, an indication of an absence of the one candidate beam (e.g., 940) .
[0125] In some aspects, if the quality condition is not met by any of the set of candidate beams, the UE may transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, the best candidate beam in the set of candidate beams and a corresponding L1-RSRP for the best candidate beam. The corresponding L1-RSRP may be the highest L1-RSRP among L1-RSRPs for the set of candidate beams. For example, referring to FIG. 9, if the quality condition is not met by any of the set of candidate beams, the UE 902 may, at 922, transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, the best candidate beam in the set of candidate beams and a corresponding L1-RSRP for the best candidate beam (e.g., 942) . The corresponding L1-RSRP may be the highest L1-RSRP among L1-RSRPs for the set of candidate beams.
[0126] In some aspects, the UE may transmit, via an initial PUCCH at a first time, a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP; and reserve the dedicated PUCCH for transmission of the BFRQ between the first time and the transmission time. The start time of a time window for monitoring the response to the BFRQ may be based on the transmission time or the first time. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the UE 902 may, at 916, transmit, via an initial PUCCH at a first time, an LRR to the uplink TRP 908; and, at 918, reserve the dedicated PUCCH for transmission of the BFRQ. Referring to FIG. 7, the UE 702 may, at 710, transmit, via an initial PUCCH at a first time TLRR, an LRR to the uplink TRP 708. The UE 702 may reserve the dedicated PUCCH 734 for transmitting the BFRQ between the first time TLRR and the transmission time T0. The start time T1 of the time window 720 for monitoring the response to the BFRQ may be based on the transmission time T0 or the first time TLRR.
[0127] In some aspects, the UE may transmit, via an initial PUCCH at a first time, a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP, and the UE may further transmit, via a configured grant PUSCH, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP at a transmission time. For example, referring to FIG. 8A, the UE 802 may, at 810, transmit, via an initial PUCCH at a first time TLRR, an LRR to the uplink-only TRP 808, and the UE 802 may, at 812, further transmit, via a configured grant PUSCH 834, the BFRQ to the uplink-only TRP 808 at a transmission time T0.
[0128] In some aspects, the UE may reserve the configured grant PUSCH for transmission of the BFRQ between the first time and the transmission time. For example, referring to FIG. 8A, the UE 802 may reserve the configured grant PUSCH 834 for transmitting the BFRQ between the first time TLRR and the transmission time T0.
[0129] In some aspects, the response to the BFRQ may include an uplink grant to schedule a new transmission for a HARQ process, and the HARQ process may correspond to the HARQ process for the configured grant PUSCH that carries the BFRQ. The uplink grant may be scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) . For example, referring to FIG. 8A, the response to the BFRQ (e.g., at 814) may include an uplink grant to schedule a new transmission for a HARQ process, and the HARQ process may correspond to the HARQ process for the configured grant PUSCH 834 that carries the BFRQ at 812. The uplink grant may be scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) .
[0130] FIG. 11 is a flowchart 1100 illustrating methods of wireless communication at a network entity in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The method may be performed by a network entity in coordination with a UE. The network entity may be a base station, or a component of a base station, in the access network of FIG. 1 or a core network component (e.g., base station 102, 310, 904; or the network entity 1202 in the hardware implementation of FIG. 12) . The base station may be associated with an uplink-only TRP and a downlink TRP. The uplink-only TRP may be uplink-only TRP 608, 708, 808, 908. The downlink TRP may be downlink TRP 606, 706, 806, 906. The UE may be the UE 104, 350, 602, 702, 802, 902, or the apparatus 1204 in the hardware implementation of FIG. 12. By enabling the UE to send BFRQ to uplink-only TRPs, the methods help avoid congestion and interference in scenarios with dense uplink deployment, thereby reducing the latency and enhancing the reliability of beam failure recovery. Additionally, by using dedicated resources, such as dedicated PUCCH resources, for BFRQ transmissions, the methods prioritize the beam failure recovery processes over regular data traffic, thereby enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of the beam recovery.
[0131] As shown in FIG. 11, at 1102, the network entity may receive, from a UE, at an uplink TRP associated with the network entity, a BFRQ. FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8A, and FIG. 9 illustrate various aspects of the steps in connection with flowchart 1100. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the network entity (base station 904) may, at 926, receive, from a UE 902, at an uplink TRP 908 associated with the network entity (base station 904) , a BFRQ. In some aspects, 1102 may be performed by the beam failure recovery component 199.
[0132] At 1104, the network entity may transmit, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the network entity (base station 904) may, at 930, transmit, from a downlink TRP 906 to the UE 902, a response to the BFRQ. In some aspects, 1104 may be performed by the beam failure recovery component 199.
[0133] In some aspects, the network entity may receive the BFRQ via a PRACH. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the network entity (e.g., uplink-only TRP 908 associated with base station 904) may, at 926, receive the BFRQ via a PRACH 944.
[0134] In some aspects, the network entity may transmit a state indication for a joint TCI state or uplink TCI state, and the transmission beam for the BFRQ may be based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state. For example, referring to FIG. 9, the network entity (e.g., downlink TRP 906 associated with base station 904) may, at 912, transmit a state indication for a joint TCI state or uplink TCI state, and the UE 902 may, at 914, determine the transmission beam for the BFRQ based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state.
[0135] In some aspects, the network entity may receive the BFRQ via the transmission beam in response to an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state being met. The uplink transmission condition may include one or more of: the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, or the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) . For example, referring to FIG. 9, the network entity (e.g., uplink-only TRP 908 associated with base station 904) may, at 926, receive the BFRQ via the transmission beam in response to an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state being met. The uplink transmission condition may include one or more of: the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, or the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) .
[0136] In some aspects, if the uplink transmission condition is not met, the network entity may receive the BFRQ at the uplink TRP using a beam sweeping transmission. In some aspects, if the uplink transmission condition is not met, the network entity may receive the BFRQ at the downlink TRP. For example, referring to FIG. 9, if the uplink transmission condition is not met, the network entity (base station 904) may, at 926, receive the BFRQ at the uplink TRP 908 using a beam sweeping transmission 952. In some aspects, if the uplink transmission condition is not met, the network entity (base station 904) may, at 928, receive the BFRQ at the downlink TRP 906.
[0137] FIG. 12 is a diagram 1200 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1204. The apparatus 1204 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or may implement UE functionality. In some aspects, the apparatus 1204 may include at least one cellular baseband processor (or processing circuitry) 1224 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1222 (e.g., cellular RF transceiver) . The cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 may include at least one on-chip memory (or memory circuitry) 1224'. In some aspects, the apparatus 1204 may further include one or more subscriber identity modules (SIM) cards 1220 and at least one application processor (or processing circuitry) 1206 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1208 and a screen 1210. The application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 may include on-chip memory (or memory circuitry) 1206'. In some aspects, the apparatus 1204 may further include a Bluetooth module 1212, a WLAN module 1214, an SPS module 1216 (e.g., GNSS module) , one or more sensor modules 1218 (e.g., barometric pressure sensor / altimeter; motion sensor such as inertial measurement unit (IMU) , gyroscope, and / or accelerometer (s) ; magnetometer, audio and / or other technologies used for positioning) , additional memory modules 1226, a power supply 1230, and / or a camera 1232. The Bluetooth module 1212, the WLAN module 1214, and the SPS module 1216 may include an on-chip transceiver (TRX) (or in some cases, just a receiver (RX) ) . The Bluetooth module 1212, the WLAN module 1214, and the SPS module 1216 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or utilize the antennas 1280 for communication. The cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 communicates through the transceiver (s) 1222 via one or more antennas 1280 with the UE 104 and / or with an RU associated with a network entity 1202. The cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 may each include a computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) 1224', 1206', respectively. The additional memory modules 1226 may also be considered a computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) . Each computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) 1224', 1206', 1226 may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 are each responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) . The software, when executed by the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 / application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206, causes the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 / application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 to perform the various functions described supra. The cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 are configured to perform the various functions described supra based at least in part of the information stored in the memory (or memory circuitry) . That is, the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 may be configured to perform a first subset of the various functions described supra without information stored in the memory and may be configured to perform a second subset of the various functions described supra based on the information stored in the memory. The computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 / application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 when executing software. The cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 / application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206 may be a component of the UE 350 and may include the at least one memory 360 and / or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the apparatus 1204 may be at least one processor chip (modem and / or application) and include just the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and / or the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206, and in another configuration, the apparatus 1204 may be the entire UE (e.g., see UE 350 of FIG. 3) and include the additional modules of the apparatus 1204.
[0138] As discussed supra, the component 198 may be configured to transmit a BFRQ to an uplink TRP for reception of uplink signals, where the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; and receive, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ. The component 198 may be further configured to perform any of the aspects described in connection with the flowchart in FIG. 10, and / or performed by the UE 902 in FIG. 9. The component 198 may be within the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224, the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206, or both the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206. The component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the stated processes / algorithm individually or in combination. As shown, the apparatus 1204 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the apparatus 1204, and in particular the cellular baseband processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1224 and / or the application processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1206, includes means for transmitting a BFRQ to an uplink TRP for reception of uplink signals, where the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity, and means for receiving, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ. The apparatus 1204 may further include means for performing any of the aspects described in connection with the flowchart in FIG. 10, and / or aspects performed by the UE 902 in FIG. 9. The means may be the component 198 of the apparatus 1204 configured to perform the functions recited by the means. As described supra, the apparatus 1204 may include the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. As such, in one configuration, the means may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.
[0139] FIG. 13 is a diagram 1300 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a network entity 1302. The network entity 1302 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or may implement BS functionality. The network entity 1302 may include at least one of a CU 1310, a DU 1330, or an RU 1340. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by the component 199, the network entity 1302 may include the CU 1310; both the CU 1310 and the DU 1330; each of the CU 1310, the DU 1330, and the RU 1340; the DU 1330; both the DU 1330 and the RU 1340; or the RU 1340. The CU 1310 may include at least one CU processor (or processing circuitry) 1312. The CU processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1312 may include on-chip memory (or memory circuitry) 1312'. In some aspects, the CU 1310 may further include additional memory modules 1314 and a communications interface 1318. The CU 1310 communicates with the DU 1330 through a midhaul link, such as an F1 interface. The DU 1330 may include at least one DU processor (or processing circuitry) 1332. The DU processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1332 may include on-chip memory (or memory circuitry) 1332'. In some aspects, the DU 1330 may further include additional memory modules 1334 and a communications interface 1338. The DU 1330 communicates with the RU 1340 through a fronthaul link. The RU 1340 may include at least one RU processor (or processing circuitry) 1342. The RU processor (s) (or processing circuitry) 1342 may include on-chip memory (or memory circuitry) 1342'. In some aspects, the RU 1340 may further include additional memory modules 1344, one or more transceivers 1346, antennas 1380, and a communications interface 1348. The RU 1340 communicates with the UE 104. The on-chip memory (or memory circuitry) 1312', 1332', 1342'a nd the additional memory modules 1314, 1334, 1344 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) . Each computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) may be non-transitory. Each of the processors (or processing circuitry) 1312, 1332, 1342 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) . The software, when executed by the corresponding processor (s) (or processing circuitry) causes the processor (s) (or processing circuitry) to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor (s) (or processing circuitry) when executing software.
[0140] As discussed supra, the component 199 may be configured to receive, from a UE, at an uplink TRP associated with the network entity, a BFRQ; and transmit, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ. The component 199 may be further configured to perform any of the aspects described in connection with the flowchart in FIG. 11, and / or performed by the base station 904 in FIG. 9. The component 199 may be within one or more processors (or processing circuitry) of one or more of the CU 1310, DU 1330, and the RU 1340. The component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the stated processes / algorithm individually or in combination. The network entity 1302 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the network entity 1302 includes means for receiving, from a UE, at an uplink TRP associated with the network entity, a BFRQ, and means for transmitting, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ. The network entity 1302 may further include means for performing any of the aspects described in connection with the flowchart in FIG. 11, and / or aspects performed by the base station 904 in FIG. 9. The means may be the component 199 of the network entity 1302 configured to perform the functions recited by the means. As described supra, the network entity 1302 may include the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375. As such, in one configuration, the means may be the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.
[0141] This disclosure provides a method for wireless communication at a UE. The method may include transmitting a BFRQ to an uplink TRP for reception of uplink signals, where the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; and receiving, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ. By enabling the UE to send BFRQ to uplink-only TRPs, the methods help avoid congestion and interference in scenarios with dense uplink deployment, thereby reducing the latency and enhancing the reliability of beam failure recovery. Additionally, by using dedicated resources, such as dedicated PUCCH resources, for BFRQ transmissions, the methods prioritize the beam failure recovery processes over regular data traffic, thereby enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of the beam recovery.
[0142] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, and are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0143] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims. Reference to an element in the singular does not mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” Terms such as “if, ” “when, ” and “while” do not imply an immediate temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, e.g., “when, ” do not imply an immediate action in response to or during the occurrence of an action, but simply imply that if a condition is met then an action will occur, but without requiring a specific or immediate time constraint for the action to occur. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. Sets should be interpreted as a set of elements where the elements number one or more. Accordingly, for a set of X, X would include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to perform a set of functions, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to perform the set of functions. Accordingly, each processor of the at least one processor may be configured to perform a particular subset of the set of functions, where the subset is the full set, a proper subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. A processor may be referred to as processor circuitry. A memory / memory module may be referred to as memory circuitry. If a first apparatus receives data from or transmits data to a second apparatus, the data may be received / transmitted directly between the first and second apparatuses, or indirectly between the first and second apparatuses through a set of apparatuses. A device configured to “output” data or “provide” data, such as a transmission, signal, or message, may transmit the data, for example with a transceiver, or may send the data to a device that transmits the data. A device configured to “obtain” data, such as a transmission, signal, or message, may receive, for example with a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in a memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
[0144] As used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, or the like. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” may be information, a condition, a factor, or the like) shall be construed as “based at least on A” unless specifically recited differently.
[0145] The following aspects are illustrative only and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein, without limitation.
[0146] Aspect 1 is a method of wireless communication at a UE. The method includes transmitting a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) to an uplink transmission reception point (TRP) for reception of uplink signals, wherein the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; and receiving, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ.
[0147] Aspect 2 is the method of aspect 1, wherein to transmitting the BFRQ to the uplink TRP for the reception of the uplink signals includes transmitting, via a physical random access channel (PRACH) , the BFRQ to the uplink TRP for the reception of the uplink signals.
[0148] Aspect 3 is the method of any of aspects 1 to 2, where the method further includes receiving a state indication for a joint transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state or uplink TCI state; and determining, based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state, a transmission beam for transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP.
[0149] Aspect 4 is the method of aspect 3, wherein transmitting the BFRQ to the uplink TRP includes transmitting, in response to an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state being met, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP using the transmission beam, wherein the uplink transmission condition includes one or more of: the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, or the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) .
[0150] Aspect 5 is the method of aspect 4, where the method further includes transmitting, in response to the uplink transmission condition not being met, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP using a beam sweeping transmission, or transmitting, in response to the uplink transmission condition not being met, the BFRQ to the downlink TRP.
[0151] Aspect 6 is the method of aspect 1, where the method further includes receiving, from the network entity, a radio resource control (RRC) message comprising a resource configuration for a dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) , and wherein transmitting the BFRQ to the uplink TRP includes transmitting, via the dedicated PUCCH, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP at a transmission time.
[0152] Aspect 7 is the method of aspect 6, wherein receiving the response to the BFRQ includes receiving, via a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , the response to the BFRQ within a time window for monitoring the response to the BFRQ.
[0153] Aspect 8 is the method of aspect 7, wherein a resource allocation field associated with the PDCCH includes a response value, and wherein the response value indicates an exclusion of data transmission on the PDCCH.
[0154] Aspect 9 is the method of aspect 7, wherein the time window is a predefined window or is based on an RRC configuration, and wherein a start time of the time window is based on the transmission time.
[0155] Aspect 10 is the method of aspect 7, wherein transmitting the BFRQ to the uplink TRP includes repeating a transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP before receiving the response to the BFRQ.
[0156] Aspect 11 is the method of aspect 7, wherein the method further includes transmitting, via the dedicated PUCCH, a beam indication for one candidate beam associated with the BFRQ, wherein the beam indication includes one of: a first index for a channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam, or a second index for a synchronization signal block (SSB) resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam.
[0157] Aspect 12 is the method of aspect 11, where the method further includes selecting, based on a quality condition, the one candidate beam from a set of candidate beams, wherein the quality condition includes a layer 1 (L1) -reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) that exceeds an RSRP threshold.
[0158] Aspect 13 is the method of aspect 12, where the method further includes transmitting, via the dedicated PUCCH, in response to the quality condition not being met by any of the set of candidate beams, an indication of an absence of the one candidate beam.
[0159] Aspect 14 is the method of aspect 12, where the method further includes transmitting, via the dedicated PUCCH, in response to the quality condition not being met by any of the set of candidate beams, a best candidate beam in the set of candidate beams and a corresponding L1-RSRP for the best candidate beam, wherein the corresponding L1-RSRP is a highest L1-RSRP among L1-RSRPs for the set of candidate beams.
[0160] Aspect 15 is the method of aspect 6, where the method further includes transmitting, via an initial PUCCH at a first time, a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP; and reserving the dedicated PUCCH for transmission of the BFRQ between the first time and the transmission time, and wherein a start time of a time window for monitoring the response to the BFRQ is based on the transmission time or the first time.
[0161] Aspect 16 is the method of aspect 1, where the method further includes transmitting, via an initial physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) at a first time, a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP, and wherein transmitting the BFRQ to the uplink TRP includes transmitting, via a configured grant physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , the BFRQ to the uplink TRP at a transmission time.
[0162] Aspect 17 is the method of aspect 16, where the method further includes reserving the configured grant PUSCH for transmission of the BFRQ between the first time and the transmission time.
[0163] Aspect 18 is the method of aspect 16, wherein the response to the BFRQ comprises an uplink grant to schedule a new transmission for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, wherein the HARQ process corresponds to the HARQ process for the configured grant PUSCH that carries the BFRQ, and wherein the uplink grant is scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) .
[0164] Aspect 19 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processing system that includes processor circuitry and memory circuitry that stores code and is coupled with the processor circuitry, the processing system configured to cause the UE to perform the method of one or more of aspects 1-18.
[0165] Aspect 20 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, where the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to perform the method of any of aspects 1-18.
[0166] Aspect 21 is the apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising means for performing each step in the method of any of aspects 1-18.
[0167] Aspect 22 is an apparatus of any of aspects 19-21, further comprising a transceiver configured to receive or to transmit in association with the method of any of aspects 1-18.
[0168] Aspect 23 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer executable code at a UE, the code when executed by at least one processor causes the at least one processor to, individually or in any combination, perform the method of any of aspects 1-18.
[0169] Aspect 24 is a method of wireless communication at a network entity. The method includes receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , at an uplink transmission reception point (TRP) associated with the network entity, a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) ; and transmitting, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ.
[0170] Aspect 25 is the method of aspect 24, wherein receiving the BFRQ includes receiving, via a physical random access channel (PRACH) , the BFRQ.
[0171] Aspect 26 is the method of aspect 25, where the method further includes transmitting a state indication for a joint transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state or uplink TCI state, wherein a transmission beam for the BFRQ is based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state.
[0172] Aspect 27 is the method of aspect 26, wherein receiving the BFRQ includes receiving, in response to an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state being met, the BFRQ via the transmission beam, wherein the uplink transmission condition includes one or more of: the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, or the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) .
[0173] Aspect 28 is the method of aspect 27, where the method further includes receiving, in response to the uplink transmission condition not being met, the BFRQ at the uplink TRP using a beam sweeping transmission, or receiving, in response to the uplink transmission condition not being met, the BFRQ at the downlink TRP.
[0174] Aspect 29 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: a processing system that includes processor circuitry and memory circuitry that stores code and is coupled with the processor circuitry, the processing system configured to cause the network entity to perform the method of one or more of aspects 24-28.
[0175] Aspect 30 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, where the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to perform the method of any of aspects 24-28.
[0176] Aspect 31 is the apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising means for performing each step in the method of any of aspects 24-28.
[0177] Aspect 32 is an apparatus of any of aspects 29-31, further comprising a transceiver configured to receive or to transmit in association with the method of any of aspects 24-28.
[0178] Aspect 33 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer executable code at a network entity, the code when executed by at least one processor causes the at least one processor to, individually or in any combination, perform the method of any of aspects 24-28.
Claims
An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:transmit a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) to an uplink transmission reception point (TRP) for reception of uplink signals, wherein the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; andreceive, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ.The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP via the transceiver, and wherein to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP for the reception of the uplink signals, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via a physical random access channel (PRACH) , the BFRQ to the uplink TRP for the reception of the uplink signals.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:receive a state indication for a joint transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state or uplink TCI state; anddetermine, based on the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state, a transmission beam for transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP.The apparatus of claim 3, wherein to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:transmit, in response to an uplink transmission condition associated with the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state being met, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP using the transmission beam, wherein the uplink transmission condition includes one or more of:the joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is associated with a path loss offset, orthe joint TCI state or the uplink TCI state is spatial quasi-co-location (QCL) with a sounding reference signal (SRS) .The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, in response to the uplink transmission condition not being met, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP using a beam sweeping transmission, ortransmit, in response to the uplink transmission condition not being met, the BFRQ to the downlink TRP.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:receive, from the network entity, a radio resource control (RRC) message comprising a resource configuration for a dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) , and wherein to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, the BFRQ to the uplink TRP at a transmission time.The apparatus of claim 6, wherein to receive the response to the BFRQ, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:receive, via a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , the response to the BFRQ within a time window for monitoring the response to the BFRQ.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein a resource allocation field associated with the PDCCH includes a response value, and wherein the response value indicates an exclusion of data transmission on the PDCCH.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the time window is a predefined window or is based on an RRC configuration, and wherein a start time of the time window is based on the transmission time.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:repeat a transmission of the BFRQ to the uplink TRP before being configured to receive the response to the BFRQ.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, a beam indication for one candidate beam associated with the BFRQ, wherein the beam indication includes one of:a first index for a channel state information –reference signal (CSI-RS) resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam, ora second index for a synchronization signal block (SSB) resource that corresponds to the one candidate beam.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:select, based on a quality condition, the one candidate beam from a set of candidate beams, wherein the quality condition includes a layer 1 (L1) -reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) that exceeds an RSRP threshold.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, in response to the quality condition not being met by any of the set of candidate beams, an indication of an absence of the one candidate beam.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via the dedicated PUCCH, in response to the quality condition not being met by any of the set of candidate beams, a best candidate beam in the set of candidate beams and a corresponding L1-RSRP for the best candidate beam, wherein the corresponding L1-RSRP is a highest L1-RSRP among L1-RSRPs for the set of candidate beams.The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via an initial PUCCH at a first time, a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP; andreserve the dedicated PUCCH for transmission of the BFRQ between the first time and the transmission time, and wherein a start time of a time window for monitoring the response to the BFRQ is based on the transmission time or the first time.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via an initial physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) at a first time, a link recovery request (LRR) to the uplink TRP, and wherein to transmit the BFRQ to the uplink TRP, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the UE to:transmit, via a configured grant physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , the BFRQ to the uplink TRP at a transmission time.The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to cause the UE to:reserve the configured grant PUSCH for transmission of the BFRQ between the first time and the transmission time.The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the response to the BFRQ comprises an uplink grant to schedule a new transmission for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, wherein the HARQ process corresponds to the HARQ process for the configured grant PUSCH that carries the BFRQ, and wherein the uplink grant is scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) .An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to cause the network entity to:receive, from a user equipment (UE) , at an uplink transmission reception point (TRP) associated with the network entity, a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) ; andtransmit, from a downlink TRP to the UE, a response to the BFRQ.A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:transmitting a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) to an uplink transmission reception point (TRP) for reception of uplink signals, wherein the uplink TRP is associated with a network entity; andreceiving, from a downlink TRP associated with the network entity, a response to the BFRQ.
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