Wireless communication method
The wireless communication method addresses coverage and beam management challenges in NR networks by implementing beam hopping, DTX/DRX, and notification mechanisms, enhancing downlink coverage and reliability in NTN scenarios.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-09
AI Technical Summary
The challenges of maintaining adequate service quality and coverage in New Radio (NR) networks, particularly at higher frequencies, and the need for downlink coverage enhancements in satellite communications, including beam management and synchronization issues, have not been comprehensively addressed, especially in non-terrestrial networks (NTN).
A wireless communication method for user equipment (UE) and base stations that includes configuring beam hopping, discontinuous transmission/reception (DTX/DRX), and notification mechanisms to enhance coverage and reliability in NTN scenarios, by determining timing points for random access procedures and notifying UEs of missed paging messages.
Enhances downlink coverage, improves access probability and reduces latency in random access procedures, and ensures reliable communication by addressing beam hopping and SSB periodicity issues, as well as notifying UEs of missed paging, thereby optimizing power distribution and beam management in satellite networks.
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Figure CN2024123151_09042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD
[0001] BACKGROUND OF DISCLOSURE
[0002] 1. Field of Disclosure
[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication systems, and more particularly, to a wireless communication method.
[0004] 2. Description of Related Art
[0005] Coverage is a critical factor for operators commercializing cellular communication networks, directly impacting service quality, capital expenditure (CAPEX) , and operational expenditure (OPEX) Despite its importance to New Radio (NR) commercialization success, a comprehensive coverage evaluation and comparison with legacy Radio Access Technologies (RATs) , considering all NR specification details, has been lacking until now.
[0006] New Radio (NR) is designed to operate at much higher frequencies than Long Term Evolution (LTE) , such as 28GHz or 39GHz in FR2. Additionally, many countries are allocating more spectrum in FR1, like 3.5GHz, typically higher than LTE or 3G frequencies. These higher frequencies inevitably subject wireless channels to increased path loss, challenging the maintenance of adequate service quality comparable to legacy RATs.
[0007] In FR1, NR can be deployed in newly allocated spectrums or in spectrum re-farmed from legacy networks. Coverage remains critical in both scenarios, as these spectrums will likely handle key mobile services such as voice and low-rate data. For FR2, coverage was not thoroughly evaluated during the IMT-2020 submission self-evaluation campaign nor considered in Rel-16 enhancements. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of NR coverage performance is needed, accounting for the latest NR specifications. In response, Rel-17 and Rel-18 have studied uplink (UL) channel coverage enhancements.
[0008] Similarly, all 5G satellite networks (operating in FR1 and FR2, covering both geostationary orbit (GSO) and non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) constellations) expected to deploy in the next decade are likely to be designed with optimized power assumptions. The large transmission distances necessitate implementing downlink (DL) coverage enhancement techniques to optimize CAPEX and OPEX for targeted coverage.
[0009] Several technical challenges arise in the context of satellite communications, particularly concerning beam management, synchronization, or paging reliability.SUMMARY
[0010] An object of the present disclosure is to propose a wireless communication method.
[0011] A first aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0012] receiving a control signal that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list.
[0013] A second aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0014] receiving a configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0015] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access response (RAR) window based on:
[0016] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set or a first symbol of an earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of a RACH occasion,
[0017] b) a timing advance (TA) value,
[0018] c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, and
[0019] monitoring for a random access response (RAR) during the RAR window.
[0020] A third aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0021] receiving a configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0022] transmitting a message 3 (Msg3) in a random access procedure;
[0023] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a contention resolution timer window based on:
[0024] a) a first time point corresponding to an end of Msg3 transmission or a second time point after the end of Msg3 transmission, and
[0025] b) a UE to base station round trip time (RTT) ,
[0026] monitoring for a contention resolution message during the contention resolution timer window.
[0027] A fourth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0028] receiving configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0029] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access message B response window based on:
[0030] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set,
[0031] b) a timing advance (TA) value, and
[0032] c) a deviation value between DL frame and UL frame, and
[0033] monitoring for a message B (MsgB) during the random access response window.
[0034] A fifth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0035] receiving a random access response (RAR) message through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0036] determining, based on information associated with the RAR message, whether to adjust transmission timing of a subsequent random access signaling message to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after receiving the RAR; and transmitting the subsequent random access signaling message according to the determined transmission timing.
[0037] A sixth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0038] receiving, by the UE, configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0039] receiving Msg4 from a base station in a random access procedure;
[0040] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a transmission time for a HARQ-ACK of Msg4; and
[0041] if the determined transmission time falls within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, postponing the HARQ-ACK transmission to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.
[0042] A seventh aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0043] receiving, from a base station through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, information related to timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for a Message B (MsgB) ;
[0044] determining, based on the received information, whether and when to transmit the HARQ-ACK feedback; and
[0045] transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback according to the determination.
[0046] An eighth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0047] receiving from a base station configuration information including synchronization signal block (SSB) -based or cell-level based beam hopping configuration parameters through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication.
[0048] A ninth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for notifying a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0049] receiving, by the UE, a paging missing notification or a paging reception notification through a non-terrestrial network (NTN) ;
[0050] wherein the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging message within an associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification;
[0051] wherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging message within an associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.
[0052] A tenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising: transmitting a control signal that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list.
[0053] An eleventh aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0054] transmitting configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0055] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access response (RAR) window based on:
[0056] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set or a first symbol of an earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of a RACH occasion,
[0057] b) a timing advance (TA) value,
[0058] c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, and
[0059] monitoring for a random access response (RAR) during the RAR window.
[0060] A twelfth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0061] transmitting configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0062] receiving a message 3 (Msg3) in a random access procedure;
[0063] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a contention resolution timer window based on:
[0064] a) a first time point corresponding to an end of Msg3 transmission or a second time point after the end of Msg3 transmission, and
[0065] b) a UE to base station round trip time (RTT) ,
[0066] monitoring for a contention resolution message during the contention resolution timer window.
[0067] A thirteenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0068] transmitting, by the base station, configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0069] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access message B response window based on:
[0070] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set,
[0071] b) a timing advance (TA) value, and
[0072] c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, and
[0073] monitoring for a message B (MsgB) during the random access response window.
[0074] A fourteenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0075] transmitting a random access response (RAR) message through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0076] wherein information associated with the RAR message indicates whether to adjust reception timing of a subsequent random access signaling message to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR; and
[0077] receiving the subsequent random access signaling message according to the determined transmission timing.
[0078] A fifteenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0079] transmitting, by the base station, configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;
[0080] transmitting Msg4 from in a random access procedure;
[0081] determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a transmission time for a HARQ-ACK of Msg4; and
[0082] if the determined transmission time falls within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, postponing the HARQ-ACK transmission to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.
[0083] A sixteenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0084] transmitting, through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, to a user equipment (UE) information related to timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for a Message B (MsgB) ;
[0085] determining, based on the received information, whether and when to receives the HARQ-ACK feedback; and
[0086] receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback according to the determination.
[0087] A seventeenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:
[0088] transmitting configuration information including synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam hopping configuration parameters through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication.
[0089] An eighteenth aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless communication method for notifying a user equipment (UE) , comprising:
[0090] transmitting, by a base station, a paging missing notification or a paging reception notification through a non-terrestrial network (NTN) ;
[0091] wherein the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging message within an associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification;
[0092] wherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging message within an associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.
[0093] at least one upcoming paging message within an associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.
[0094] In a nineteenth aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a user equipment (UE) comprising a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the processor is installed to execute the disclosed method.
[0095] In a twenty one aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a base station comprising a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the processor is installed to execute the disclosed method.
[0096] The disclosed method may be programmed as computer executable instructions stored in non-transitory computer readable medium. The non-transitory computer readable medium, when loaded to a computer, directs a processor of the computer to execute the disclosed method.
[0097] The non-transitory computer readable medium may comprise at least one from a group consisting of: a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, a Read Only Memory, a Programmable Read Only Memory, an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM, an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory and a Flash memory.
[0098] The disclosed method may be programmed as a computer program product, that causes a computer to execute the disclosed method.
[0099] The disclosed method may be programmed as a computer program, that causes a computer to execute the disclosed method.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0100] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or related art, the following figures will be described in the embodiments are briefly introduced. It is obvious that the drawings are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, a person having ordinary skill in this field may obtain other figures according to these figures without paying the premise.
[0101] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view showing a beam mapping type of a single NR cell per satellite beam and single NR beam cell.
[0102] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view showing a beam mapping type of a single NR cell per satellite beam and multiple NR beams cell.
[0103] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view showing a beam mapping type of multi-Satellite beam NR cell and single NR beam cell.
[0104] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view showing a beam mapping type of multi-Satellite beam NR cell and multiple NR beams cell.
[0105] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view showing a beam mapping type of multi NR cells per satellite beam and single NR beams cell.
[0106] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic view showing a beam mapping type of multi NR cells per satellite beam and multiple NR beams cell.
[0107] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure of 4-step RACH.
[0108] FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic view showing a time relationship during RACH access procedure.
[0109] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic view of a telecommunication system.
[0110] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0111] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic view showing another embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0112] FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure of NR beam / beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping.
[0113] FIG. 13 illustrates a schematic view showing a four-step random access procedure.
[0114] FIG. 14 illustrates a schematic view showing a four-step random access procedure.
[0115] FIG. 15 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure for paging missing notification.
[0116] FIG. 16 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure for paging reception notification.
[0117] FIG. 17 illustrates a schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0118] FIG. 18 illustrates a schematic view showing a start point of RAR window under NTN scenario.
[0119] FIG. 19 illustrates a schematic view showing a start point of RAR window under NTN scenario.
[0120] FIG. 20 illustrates a schematic view showing a start point of RAR window under NTN scenario.
[0121] FIG. 21 illustrates a schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0122] FIG. 22 illustrates a schematic view showing a starting point of ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window under NTN scenario.
[0123] FIG. 23 illustrates a schematic view showing a starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window under NTN scenario.
[0124] FIG. 24 illustrates a schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0125] FIG. 25 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure of 4-step RACH.
[0126] FIG. 26 illustrates a schematic view showing a start point of ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window under NTN scenario for 2 step RACH.
[0127] FIG. 27 illustrates a schematic view showing a starting point of msgB-ResponseWindow window under NTN scenario for 2 step RACH.
[0128] FIG. 28 illustrates a schematic view showing a starting point of msgB-ResponseWindow window under NTN scenario for 2-step RACH.
[0129] FIG. 29 illustrates a schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0130] FIG. 30 illustrates a schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0131] FIG. 31 illustrates ass schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0132] FIG. 32 illustrates ass schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0133] FIG. 33 illustrates a schematic view showing a time-offset value indicated by an enhanced successRAR.
[0134] FIG. 34 illustrates ass schematic view showing an embodiment of the disclosed method.
[0135] FIG. 35 illustrates a schematic view showing a relationship between paging and UE-specific sequence.
[0136] FIG. 36 illustrates a schematic view showing a relationship between paging and UE group-based sequence.
[0137] FIG. 37 illustrates a schematic view showing using a group common DCI for paging missing notification.
[0138] FIG. 38 illustrates a schematic view showing a group common DCI for paging missing notification.
[0139] FIG. 39 illustrates a schematic view showing a relationship between paging reception and UE-specific sequence.
[0140] FIG. 40 illustrates a schematic view showing a relationship between paging receiving and UE group-based sequence.
[0141] FIG. 41 illustrates a schematic view showing a user equipment (UE) .
[0142] FIG. 42 illustrates a schematic view showing a network node.
[0143] FIG. 43 illustrates a schematic view showing a chip or executing the disclosed method in a UE.
[0144] FIG. 44 illustrates a schematic view showing a chip or executing the disclosed method in a network node.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0145] Embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail with the technical matters, structural features, achieved objects, and effects with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows. Specifically, the terminologies in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely for describing the purpose of the certain embodiment, but not to limit the disclosure. In this disclosure, the term " / " should be interpreted to indicate "and / or."
[0146] This disclosure primarily focuses on wireless communication between base stations and user devices, particularly in Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) scenarios. The emphasis on NTN reflects the growing importance of satellite-based communications in expanding 5G coverage and capabilities. The present disclosure aims to solve at least some of the following issues.
[0147] The first significant issue relates to system beam hopping during discontinuous transmission and reception (DTX / DRX) . Given the severe limitations on the number of simultaneously active satellite beams, beam hopping becomes a necessity. However, there is currently a lack of clarity on how to effectively configure and activate beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for non-terrestrial networks (NTN) .
[0148] Another crucial challenge stems from the impact of extended Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) Periodicity on SSB / Beam Hopping. The current 20ms SSB periodicity proves insufficient for comprehensive satellite beam coverage. This extension of SSB periodicity introduces further complications in the Random Access Channel (RACH) access procedure. Specifically, it raises questions about determining time relationships between various messages in the access sequence, such as Msg1-Msg2, Msg3-Msg4, MsgA-MsgB, Msg2-Msg3, Msg4-HARQ-ACK, and MsgB-HARQ-ACK. Furthermore, this change necessitates the development of new rules for determining valid RACH occasions.
[0149] The third major technical hurdle concerns the potential for User Equipment (UE) to miss paging messages. This issue is particularly challenging in mobile-terminated communications due to poor channel conditions. Improving coverage for large paging messages, which can be up to 1536 bits in size, presents significant difficulties. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a mechanism to notify UEs of missed paging or potentially missed upcoming paging messages. Addressing this issue is crucial for ensuring reliable communication in satellite networks, especially in scenarios where users may be unaware of deteriorating channel conditions.
[0150] At the RAN-P #104 meeting, NTN enhancements were approved for Release 19. One of the primary objectives of this work item is to study potential coverage bottleneck channels and corresponding enhancements, as outlined below:
[0151] Study and specify beneficial downlink coverage enhancements targeting support for additional reference satellite payload parameters, covering both geostationary orbit (GSO) and non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) constellations operating in FR1-NTN or FR2-NTN. Key aspects of the study include:
[0152] 1. Definition of additional reference satellite payload parameters:
[0153] ● Assume power sharing among satellite beams or different satellite beam patterns / sizes (wide or narrow) across the satellite footprint.
[0154] ● Consider scenarios where satellite beams may not all be simultaneously active or may be active below the nominal EIRP density per satellite beam (as per section 6.1.1 in TR 38.821) due to limited power and limited feeder link bandwidth.
[0155] 2. Methodology and evaluation:
[0156] ● Define corresponding power-sharing assumptions.
[0157] ● Establish necessary link level and system level evaluation methodologies.
[0158] ● Identify relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for coverage evaluations.
[0159] ● Allow for identification of physical channels / signals and system-level aspects requiring enhancements and the corresponding needed improvements.
[0160] 3. Solution study and specification:
[0161] ● Investigate and, if needed, specify solutions including:
[0162] a. Link level enhancements for FR1-NTN (e.g., for physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) )
[0163] b. System level enhancements for FR1-NTN and / or FR2-NTN
[0164] ● Allow dynamic and flexible power sharing between satellite beams or different satellite beam patterns / sizes across the satellite footprint.
[0165] 4. Reporting requirements:
[0166] ● RAN1 to report by RAN#106 at the latest:
[0167] a. List of targeted physical channels / signals for link level enhancements (if any)
[0168] b. Targeted system-level enhancements (if any)
[0169] c. Impact on backward compatibility, if any, for potential extension of the SSB periodicity
[0170] 5. Notes and considerations:
[0171] ● SSB channel enhancement other than SSB periodicity extension is not considered.
[0172] ● RAN1 should consider UE's cell search complexity, impact on initial cell selection, latency, and success rate for SSB periodicity extension.
[0173] ● SSB periodicity enhancements potentially defined in this WID only apply to NTN operation.
[0174] ● UE assumptions for FR1-NTN:
[0175] a. Antenna gain: -5.5dBi (smartphone case)
[0176] b. Full duplex operation
[0177] c. At least 2Rx considered
[0178] ● NGSO priority: LEO Set-1 @600 km
[0179] ● Release 18 network energy saving techniques should be considered as a baseline in the system-level study.
[0180] Uplink (UL) Coverage Enhancements in Release 18:
[0181] Release 18 introduced UL coverage enhancements as part of NR NTN improvements, including repetitions and Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) bundling. During the NR NTN Release 18 study phase for coverage enhancement, link-level evaluation identified UL coverage as the bottleneck. However, the evaluation assumptions did not account for downlink (DL) satellite power distribution among multiple DL satellite beams.
[0182] The power reduction due to beam splitting is closely related to dedicated deployment scenarios. A satellite supporting more simultaneous active beams can cover a larger area but leads to reduced transmission power over individual beams, resulting in lower per-beam signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) . Consequently, when considering power splitting, DL coverage enhancement is needed as well.
[0183] To confirm this need, a RAN1-level study is proposed to:
[0184] 1. Account for DL satellite power splitting
[0185] 2. Investigate practical deployment scenarios
[0186] 3. Assess DL coverage margins
[0187] 4. Identify target DL channels / signals for coverage enhancement
[0188] For power saving at the base station side, Release 18 introduced cell-level Discontinuous Transmission / Discontinuous Reception (DTX / DRX) in the time domain, allowing networks to set up non-active periods for specific channels.
[0189] UEs can be configured with a periodic cell DTX / DRX pattern (active and non-active periods) . This pattern configuration is common for all UEs with this feature in the cell. Cell Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) and Discontinuous Reception (DRX) patterns can be configured and activated separately.
[0190] When cell DTX is configured and activated for the concerned cell, the UE does not monitor PDCCH in selected cases or semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) occasions during the cell DTX non-active period. Similarly, when cell DRX is configured and activated for the concerned cell, the UE does not transmit on configured grant (CG) resources or transmit a scheduling request (SR) during the cell DRX non-active period.
[0191] This feature is only applicable to UEs in the RRC_CONNECTED state. It does not impact the Random Access procedure, synchronization signal block (SSB) transmission, paging, and system information broadcasting.
[0192] In the previous meeting, an agreement was reached regarding the system-level study based on analytical evaluation. The agreement outlines three states for beam footprints:
[0193] 1. Off State (N1 beam footprints) : These beam footprints are not served by any signal, indicating no satellite service in this area.
[0194] 2. Common Messages Only State (N2 beam footprints) : These beam footprints do not have any active user traffic but provide necessary information for cell discovery and initial access. Optionally, companies may consider user arrival (e.g., random access channel (RACH) access) in this type of cell. If considered, companies should describe how this is accounted for in the analytical evaluation.
[0195] 3. Active Traffic State (N3 beam footprints) : These beam footprints each have X active users (e.g., VoNR) . In addition to serving active traffic, these beam footprints also provide the necessary information for cell discovery and initial access.
[0196] The total number of beam footprints is represented by the sum of these three states: N1 + N2 + N3. This framework ensures that all three states of satellite beams are supported in the evaluation.
[0197] As defined in TR 38.821, satellite beams or satellites are not considered visible from the User Equipment (UE) perspective in Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) . Two options for Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) assignment can be considered in NTN:
[0198] a) Same PCI for several satellite beams
[0199] b) One PCI per satellite beam
[0200] In NTN, a satellite beam can consist of one or more Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) beams. One cell (PCI) can have a maximum of L SSB beams, where L can be 4, 8, or 64 depending on the frequency band. Similar to Terrestrial Networks (TN) , one or several SSB indices can be used per PCI to separate SSB transmissions on different beams.
[0201] Based on the above analysis, there are four types of mapping rules for NR beams and NR cells to satellite beams:
[0202] 1. Option 1:
[0203] i. Option 1-1: Single NR cell per satellite beam and single NR beam per cell, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0204] ii. Option 1-2: Single NR cell per satellite beam and multiple NR beams per cell, as shown in FIG. 2.
[0205] 2. Option 2: Multi-Satellite beam NR cell and single NR beam cell: Cell splitting, as shown in FIG. 3.
[0206] 3. Option 3: Multi-Satellite beam cell and multi NR beam cell, as shown in FIG 4.
[0207] 4. Option 4:
[0208] i. Option 4-1: Multi NR cells per satellite beam and single NR beams cell, as shown in FIG. 5
[0209] ii. Option 4-2: Multi NR cells per satellite beam and multiple NR beams cell, as shown in FIG. 6.
[0210] This framework provides flexibility in how NR cells and beams are mapped to satellite beams, allowing for different network configurations in NTN deployments.
[0211] Beam hopping for Improved Downlink Coverage and Capacity:
[0212] Beam hopping is an effective method to enhance coverage and capacity for downlink channels, it is a mechanism for activating / illuminating beams or satellite beam (s) or cell (s) or satellite cell (s) periodically or aperiodically, In this approach, only a subset of beam (s) , satellite beams, cell (s) or satellite cell (s) is activated or illuminated within a given time duration. When a satellite beam is active / illuminated, UE or base station can transmit or receive information through the active beam. For the remaining inactive beams, no transmission or reception of information occurs. The key point of beam hopping is that instead of illuminating all beams or cells simultaneously, only a subset is activated at a time.
[0213] Applicability of Cell-based DTX / DRX:
[0214] For Options 1-1 and 1-2, the current methodology of cell-based Discontinuous Transmission / Discontinuous Reception (DTX / DRX) introduced in Release 18 for network power saving can be reused. However, this approach faces limitations for other options:
[0215] Based on previous RAN1 evaluations, in the worst-case scenario, the total number of simultaneously active beams of the satellite is limited to 16. If cell DTX / DRX is adopted, all beams within a cell must be active or inactive simultaneously. To accommodate this limitation, network deployment would need to ensure that the maximum number of beams in a cell does not exceed 16. This constraint would limit the coverage size of a cell, potentially negatively impacting Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) coverage.
[0216] Given these limitations, the cell DTX / DRX approach may not be suitable for options other than 1-1 and 1-2 in NTN deployments using beam hopping techniques.
[0217] Satellite-Smartphone Communication Challenges:
[0218] Communication between satellites and smartphones typically operates with very limited power margins and requires line of sight (LOS) for optimal performance. This presents different challenges for mobile-originated and mobile-terminated communications:
[0219] 1. Mobile-Originated Calls: Users can adjust their position to achieve LOS, improving channel quality.
[0220] 2. Mobile-Terminated Communications: Users are unaware of channel conditions and may miss important calls / messages due to poor reception.
[0221] Improving User Reachability in Satellite Access Systems:
[0222] Satellite access is often the last resort when terrestrial networks are unavailable. Improving user reachability in these systems can significantly enhance user experience. A paging alert service for satellite access with poor link connections can ensure more reliable communication:
[0223] Advanced error correction and redundancy techniques can improve transmission reliability of critical paging alerts. This approach minimizes the risk of missed messages due to weak signals. Users can thus get another chance to receive incoming services.
[0224] When a UE misses a paging message from the network, a notification signaling for paging missing is needed. This approach can help address the challenges of mobile-terminated communications in satellite-smartphone systems with poor link conditions.
[0225] 1. Technical Issues:
[0226] 1.1 System Beam hopping and SSB Periodicity Issues
[0227] 1.1.1 Issue #1: System Beam hopping in Connected State
[0228] As explained in the foregoing paragraphs, to handle power split across multiple satellite beams, RAN1 has agreed to limit the number of simultaneously active satellite beams (e.g., 1.5%or 10.06%) . To achieve full coverage of a satellite footprint, a time division multiplexed (TDM) -based satellite beam activation mechanism (beam hopping) can be considered.
[0229] For Options 2 / 3 / 4-2: Cell-level DTX / DRX is unsuitable as it requires all beams within a cell to have the same state. When an NR cell includes more than 16 beams, this mechanism fails.
[0230] To address this issue, beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping can be considered. However, this approach introduces additional challenges: How to configure and activate beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for NTN?
[0231] 1.1.2 Issue #2: Impact of Extended SSB Periodicity and SSB / Beam hopping
[0232] Previous RAN1 agreement includes total satellite beams 1058 and simultaneously active beams. For satellite payload parameter Set 1-1 and Set 1-3, 10%of the total satellite beams can be active (i.e., 106 beam footprints) . For satellite payload parameter Set 1-2, 1.5%of the total satellite beams can be active (i.e., 16 beam footprints) . That is, for the sets, 106 beam footprints or 16 beam footprints are assumed to be always served with user traffic, respectively.
[0233] In the current specification, the default periodicity of Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) is 20ms. Within the S-band, the maximum number of SSB with a periodicity is 4. This limitation poses challenges for satellite beam illumination. For Set 1-1, where 106 beams are active, the total number of satellite beams that can be illuminated is 4*106 = 464, which is less than the total number of beams within a satellite footprint. The situation is even more problematic for Set 1-2. With only 16 active beams, the total number of satellite beams that can be illuminated is 4*16 = 64, which is far less than the total number of satellite beams within a satellite footprint. To overcome these limitations and improve coverage, extending the periodicity of SSB and enabling SSB beam hopping appears to be a suitable approach. These measures would allow for more efficient utilization of available beams and enhance coverage across the entire satellite footprint.
[0234] With reference to FIG. 7, the current RACH access procedure (4-step RACH example) is provided.
[0235] As illustrated in FIG. 8, the random access channel (RACH) access procedure follows a defined set of timelines. The process begins when a UE transmits a RACH preamble to the gNB. This action triggers the start of a timer Ra-ResponseWindow for a random access response window. During this window, the UE monitors for a Random Access Response (RAR) from the network. Once correctly detecting the RAR, the UE proceeds to transmit Msg3 based on the grant information contained within the RAR.
[0236] After transmitting Msg3, the UE enters a waiting period defined by the ra-contentionResolutionTimer. During this time, the UE anticipates the reception of Msg4 from the network (i.e., the gNB) . When successfully receiving Msg4, the UE completes the process by transmitting a corresponding Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest-ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK) for Msg4.
[0237] This sequence of events ensures a structured and reliable random access procedure, allowing the UE to establish initial communication with the network.
[0238] The implementation of extended SSB periodicity and SSB beam hopping introduces challenges to the current RACH access procedure. The existing strict time relationships become unsuitable, as exemplified by scenarios where the RAR window might be located in a satellite beam offset time. Consequently, the time relationships for RACH procedures need enhancement.
[0239] This situation raises several issues that require resolution:
[0240] Issue 2-1: Determining the time relationship between Msg1 and Msg2 with extended SSB periodicity..
[0241] Issue 2-2: Establishing the time relationship between Msg3 and Msg4 under extended SSB periodicity.
[0242] Issue 2-3: Defining the time relationship between MsgA and MsgB with extended SSB periodicity.
[0243] Issue 2-4: Determining the time relationship between Msg2 and Msg3 under extended SSB periodicity.
[0244] Issue 2-5: Defining the time relationship between Msg4 and HARQ-ACK PUCCH for Msg4 with extended SSB periodicity.
[0245] Issue 2-6: Establishing the time relationship between MsgB and HARQ-ACK for MsgB under extended SSB periodicity.
[0246] Furthermore, enabling extended SSB periodicity necessitates coverage of the entire satellite beam. This requirement introduces the need to enable beam hopping during idle states. Additionally, SSB beam hopping renders the current rules for determining valid RACH occasions unsuitable, necessitating the development of new rules.
[0247] These issues highlight the need for comprehensive adjustments to the RACH procedure to accommodate the extended SSB periodicity and beam hopping in satellite communications.
[0248] 1.1.3 Issue #3: Notifying UE of Missed Paging
[0249] Communication between satellites and smartphones typically operates with very limited power margins and usually requires line of sight for optimal performance. This presents different challenges for mobile-originated and mobile-terminated communications:
[0250] Mobile-Originated Calls: Users can adjust their position to achieve line of sight, improving channel quality.
[0251] Mobile-Terminated Communications: Users are unaware of channel conditions and may miss important calls / messages due to poor reception.
[0252] In scenarios of poor channel conditions, UEs may miss important paging messages without being aware of it. Directly improving the coverage capability of paging messages is challenging due to their potential size and complexity. As per TS 38.331, a paging message can include:
[0253] 1. PagingRecordList (up to 32 PagingRecords)
[0254] 2. PagingGroupList
[0255] 3. NonCriticalExtension
[0256] Each PagingRecord includes at least one PagingUE-Identity, which can be up to 48 bits. This means a paging message could be up to 1536 bits (32 *48) . Enhancing coverage for such large messages through methods like repetition becomes very difficult under poor NTN channel conditions.
[0257] An alternative mechanism to consider is notifying the UE of missed paging. This approach aims to ensure that notification information reaches users in areas where normal connectivity has failed. The approach, however, introduce new challenges: How does the base station notify the UE of missed paging or potentially missed upcoming paging when:
[0258] a) The UE has missed paging information from the gNB, or
[0259] b) The base station anticipates that the UE will miss upcoming paging?
[0260] An overview of the embodiments of the disclosure:
[0261] Embodiments of the disclosure provided solutions to the issues, as detailed in the following:
[0262] Issue 1: Improving DL Channel Coverage:
[0263] To enhance downlink channel coverage, the disclosure provides:
[0264] 1. Dynamic power sharing between multiple satellite beams
[0265] 2. Implementation of beam / beam-group level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for NTN
[0266] 3. Beam / beam-group level-based beam hopping configuration
[0267] 4. Activation and deactivation mechanisms based on UE-specific or UE group common DCI
[0268] These approaches aim to enhance the coverage capability of downlink (DL) channels and optimize power distribution and beam management in satellite communication systems, potentially leading to improved coverage and efficiency.
[0269] Issue 2: Adapting to Extended SSB Periodicity and Beam hopping
[0270] With extended SSB periodicity and SSB-based beam hopping enabled, the disclosure provides:
[0271] 1. Rules-based determination and explicit indication of time relationships between:
[0272] ● Msg1 and Msg2
[0273] ● Msg2 and Msg3
[0274] ● Msg3 and Msg4
[0275] ● Msg4 and HARQ-ACK PUCCH for Msg4
[0276] ● MsgA and MsgB
[0277] ● MsgB and HARQ-ACK PUCCH for MsgB
[0278] 2. A Type-2 random access procedure fallback to Type-1 random access procedure.
[0279] 3. Implementation of SSB beam hopping to cover the entire satellite beam
[0280] 4. New rules to determine valid RACH occasions (ROs) under these conditions
[0281] When the extended period of SSB and SSB based beam hopping is enabled, rules based determination and explicit indication of time relationship between the aforementioned RACH messages are provided in the embodiments of the disclosure. The proposed solutions address the ambiguity in time duration and starting points for transmission and reception during the random access procedure between the base station and UE. By clarifying these temporal aspects, the random access procedure can be optimized in two key ways:
[0282] 1. Improved Access Probability: With clearer timing parameters, the likelihood of successful random access attempts increases.
[0283] 2. Reduced Access Latency: By minimizing timing uncertainties, the overall time required for the random access procedure can be decreased.
[0284] These improvements contribute to a more efficient and reliable random access process in satellite communication systems.
[0285] Issue 3: Handling Missed Paging in NTN Scenarios
[0286] To address missed paging in NTN scenarios, the disclosure provides:
[0287] 1. Design of a notification signaling to inform UE of missed paging
[0288] 2. Notification signaling options, which include:
[0289] ● UE-specific sequence
[0290] ● UE group-based sequence
[0291] ● UE-specific based DCI
[0292] ● UE group common-based DCI
[0293] 3. Establishment of association relationships between the signaling and corresponding missed paging period / frame
[0294] To handle missed paging under the Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) scenario, the disclosure provides a notification signaling designed to notify the User Equipment (UE) when it has missed paging. In addition, the disclosure proposes an association relationship between the signaling and the corresponding missed paging period / frame. When a paging missing notification is implemented, UEs can promptly become aware of missed paging messages. This enables proactive user action, such as changing device positioning or exiting enclosed spaces, to improve line-of-sight (LOS) conditions between the satellite and UE. Consequently, the likelihood of successful paging reception is increased.
[0295] With reference to FIG. 9, a core network (CN) 30 is connected to an on-ground network. The CN 30 may include LTE CN or 5GC which may include a user plane function (UPF) 30b, session management function (SMF) 30d, access and mobility management function (AMF) 30c. The CN 30 may further comprise other network functions, such as unified data management (UDM) , policy control function (PCF) , control plane (CP) / user plane (UP) separation (CUPS) , authentication server (AUSF) , network slice selection function (NSSF) , and the network exposure function (NEF) .
[0296] The UPF 30b is connected to a data network (DN) 40. The AMF 30c is connected to one of a first on-board radio access node 201 and a second on-board radio access node 202 over interfaces N1 and N2 through an on-ground gateway. The first on-board radio access node 201 may comprise a base stationor a gNB-DU. Similarly, the second on-board radio access node 202 may comprise an on-board base stationor an on-board gNB-DU. The on-ground network 200 may comprise an on-ground gateway, an on-ground gNB, and / or an on-ground gNB-CU. The on-ground gNB-CU is connected to an on-board gNB-DU over F1 interface through the on-ground gateway. An on-ground base station may be connected to an on-board gNB / gNB-CU over Xn / X2 interface through the on-ground gateway. Two on-board gNBs / gNB-CUs may be connected over Xn / X2 interface. Two on-board gNB-DUs may be connected over E1 interface.
[0297] FIG. 9 show a satellite wireless system for providing a NTN service to a plurality of wireless devices or UEs, such as UE 10a-10g, according to a method of the present disclosure. The UEs, such as UE 10a-10g, are connected to one or more satellite radio access nodes, such as a first on-board satellite radio access node 201 and a second on-board satellite radio access node 202, via first radio interface (Uu) . A single satellite radio access node may comprise two interconnected nodes through a user plane internal network interface (F1-U) and a first control plane internal network interface (F1-C) . One of these nodes can be deployed on board a satellite, while the other is situated on the ground. At least one of the satellite radio access nodes is connected to a user plane function (UPF) via NG-U interface and to an access and mobility management function (AMF) via a second control plane internal network interface NG-C. The use plane function is connected to a data network (DN) 40 to provide the respective multicast, broadcast and / or a unicast service to the UEs.
[0298] With reference to FIG. 10, an embodiment of the disclosed wireless communication method is illustrated.
[0299] Step S001: A base station 20a transmits to a user equipment (UE) 10 a control signal 401 that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list. UE 10 receives the control signal 401 that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list. Note that the base station 20 may be an on-board satellite radio access node, such as 201 or 202.
[0300] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the control signal comprises at least one of:
[0301] a radio resource control (RRC) signal;
[0302] a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;
[0303] a UE-group common DCI;
[0304] a UE common-based DCI; or
[0305] a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0306] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE-specific DCI or UE-group common DCI used to activate or deactivate a beam or beam group based beam hopping configuration comprises a beam index or a beam hopping configuration index.
[0307] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the beam comprises:
[0308] a synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam;
[0309] a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (RS) -based beam; or
[0310] a satellite beam.
[0311] The beam hopping configuration may be configured to determine on-duration periods of a beam (or a set of beams) . In some embodiments of the disclosure, the configuration comprises one or more of:
[0312] a beam hopping periodicity and starting point;
[0313] a beam hopping on-duration timer;
[0314] a beam hopping periodicity;
[0315] a beam hopping ending point;
[0316] a beam hopping starting point;
[0317] a beam index;
[0318] a beam group index; or
[0319] a beam hopping configuration index.
[0320] For example, the configuration may include one or more parameters such as:
[0321] BeamHop-ondurationtimer;
[0322] BeamHop-ondurationtimer:;
[0323] BeamHopperiodicity;
[0324] Beamhoppingendingpoint;
[0325] Beamhoppingstartingpoint;
[0326] BeamIndex;
[0327] BeamGroupIndex; and
[0328] BeamHopconfigindex.
[0329] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE may determine a beam hopping pattern in a time domain based on at least the beam hopping on-duration timer, the beam hopping periodicity, and the beam hopping starting point.
[0330] The beam hopping pattern involves:
[0331] length of beam hopping on-duration which may be determined based on the beam hopping on-duration timer;
[0332] periodicity of beam hopping which may be determined based on the parameter of the beam hopping periodicity; and a starting point of beam hopping on-duration which may be determined based on the parameter of beam hopping starting point.
[0333] With reference to FIG. 11, an embodiment of the disclosed wireless communication method is illustrated.
[0334] Step S002: The base station 20a transmits to a user equipment (UE) 10 a configuration information 411 for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enables DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication. The UE 10 receives the configuration information 411.
[0335] Step S003: The UE 10 transmits to the base station 20a an uplink transmission 412 of random access at a time location that is located in on-duration time of beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell when DTX / DRX / beam hopping is enabled. For example, the uplink transmission 412 may comprise Msg1, Msg3, or hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) feedback for Msg4 in four-step random access or MsgA, or HARQ-ACK feedback for MsgB in two-step random access. The base station 20a receives the uplink transmission 412 of random access at a time location that is located in on-duration time of beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell when DTX / DRX / beam hopping is enabled.
[0336] The UE 10 may determine whether to postpone the uplink transmission 412 based on a rule or an indicator transmitted from the base station 20a. The base station 20a may determine whether to postpone reception of the uplink transmission 412 based on the same rule or the indicator.
[0337] For issue 1 the following solution is provided.
[0338] Solution: NR beam / beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping
[0339] With reference to FIG. 12, the proposed solution involves at least one of the following steps related to beam / beam group based beam hopping:
[0340] The base station determines the beam or beam group to be used for beam hopping.
[0341] One or more of the following configuration methods may be used to configure a beam / beam group based beam hopping configuration :
[0342] 1. The base station re-uses the current cell based DTX / DRX configuration and links a beam / beam group to the current cell-based DTX / DRX configuration.
[0343] 2. The base station uses beam / beam group based beam hopping configurations with parameters comprising one or more of:
[0344] i. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer;
[0345] ii. BeamHop-ondurationtimer;
[0346] iii. DTX / DRXperiodicity;
[0347] iv. BeamHopperiodicity;
[0348] v. DTX / DRXstatingpoint;
[0349] vi. Beamhoppingstatingpoint;
[0350] vii. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint;
[0351] viii. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint;
[0352] ix. BeamIndex;
[0353] x. BeamgroupIndex;
[0354] xi. DTX / DRXconfigindex; and
[0355] xii. BeamHopconfigindex.
[0356] 3. Activating or deactivating a beam or beam group based beam hopping configuration. For activating or deactivating a beam or beam group based beam hopping configuration, the following methods can be considered:
[0357] i. Configure a beam-level cell DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration and activate the configuration by base stationusing RRC.
[0358] ii. Use RRC signaling to configure a set of beam-level DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations:
[0359] ■ Activate / deactivate using UE-specific DCI, MAC-CE, or group common DCI.
[0360] ■ Employ a new RNTI (e.g., CS-D-RNTI) .
[0361] ■ Include a field to indicate DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex.
[0362] iii. Introduce new RRC signaling to configure beam list and a set of DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations:
[0363] ■ Activate / deactivate using UE-specific DCI, MAC-CE, or group common DCI.
[0364] ■ Employ a new RNTI (e.g., CS-D-RNTI) .
[0365] ■ Include fields to indicate beamIndex and DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex.
[0366] iv. Use RRC signaling to configure a beam group-level DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration:
[0367] ■ Optionally activate the configuration via RRC
[0368] v. Employ RRC signaling to configure a set of beam group-level DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations:
[0369] ■ Activate / deactivate using UE-specific DCI, MAC-CE, or group common DCI
[0370] ■ Employ a new RNTI (e.g., CS-D-RNTI)
[0371] ■ Include a field to indicate DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex
[0372] vi. Implement Rx / Tx data handling at the BS / UE based on the beam / beam group based beam hopping configuration.
[0373] The main technical effects of these methods are as follows:
[0374] 1. RRC configuration with activation: Saves physical layer signaling, reducing signaling overhead.
[0375] 2. RRC configuration with DCI activation / deactivation: Enables dynamic indication, provides higher flexibility, and allows adjustments based on real-time network conditions.
[0376] 3. Multiple RRC configurations with activation / deactivation: Adapts to more scenarios, improving system adaptability and efficiency.
[0377] 4. Introduction of new RRC signaling to configure beam lists: Increases configuration granularity, allowing for more precise beam control.
[0378] 5. Configuration of beam group-level DTX / DRX / beam hopping: Simplifies the configuration process, enabling management of multiple related beams simultaneously.
[0379] 6. Use of new RNTI: Enhances signaling security and specificity.
[0380] 7. Implementation of Rx / Tx data handling at BS / UE based on beam / beam group configuration: Optimizes data processing flow, improving system efficiency.
[0381] Overall, these methods provide a range of configuration options from simple to complex, and from static to dynamic, balancing signaling overhead, flexibility, and performance requirements in different scenarios.
[0382] For issue 2 the following solution is provided.
[0383] Solution #1: Rule-based solutions for random access procedure with SSB beam hopping enabled
[0384] With reference to FIG. 13, one or more of the following solution steps would be included in the procedure:
[0385] 1. The base station sends system information and SSB beam hopping information to the UE (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0386] 2. Upon receiving the system information and SSB beam hopping information, the UE sends Msg1 to the base station (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0387] 3. After receiving Msg1, the base station needs to transmit a Random Access Response (RAR) to the UE during an RAR window. Correspondingly, the UE needs to receive the RAR during this RAR window. To determine the starting point of the RAR window, the following methods can be considered (Embodiment 3) :
[0388] i. Method A:
[0389] ■ The random access response window starting at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set (the first symbol of the earliest CORESET the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH which is scrambled by RA-RNTI) which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the last symbol of a RACH occasion plus an additional TTA+kmac msec.
[0390] ii. Method B:
[0391] ■ The random access response window starting at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set (the first symbol of the earliest CORESET the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH which is scrambled by RA-RNTI) which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the last symbol of a RO corresponding to a PRACH transmission plus an additional TTA+kmac msec.
[0392] 4. After receiving the RAR, the UE needs to transmit Msg3 to the base station based on RAR scheduling. To determine the time relationship between Msg2 and Msg3, the following method (Embodiment 6) may be applied:
[0393] i. If the starting point symbol of the Msg3 is located in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, the UE either:
[0394] a) Does not transmit the corresponding Msg3, or
[0395] b) Postpones the Msg3 transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg2.
[0396] Where the starting point symbol of the Msg3 is indicated via a RAR.
[0397] 5. After receiving Msg3, the base station needs to transmit Msg4 within a RA-ContentionResolutionTimer window. Correspondingly, the UE needs to receive Msg4. To determine the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer, the following method (Embodiment 4) may be applied:
[0398] i. The ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window starts at the first symbol of the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the end of all repetitions of the Msg3 transmission (or the end of the Msg3 transmission) plus the UE-base stationRound Trip Time (RTT) .
[0399] 6. After the UE receives Msg4, it needs to send a HARQ-ACK of Msg4 to the base station. To determine the time relationship between Msg4 and the HARQ-ACK of Msg4, the following method (Embodiment 7) can be applied:
[0400] i. The UE postpones the HARQ-ACK transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.
[0401] ii. The start point of the HARQ-ACK PUCCH can be the first PUCCH within the beam / satellite beam on-duration time.
[0402] Solution #2: Explicit Indication Solutions for Random Access Procedure with SSB Hopping Enabled
[0403] With reference to FIG. 14, the procedure includes at least one of the following solution steps:
[0404] 1. The base station sends system information and SSB beam hopping information to the UE (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0405] 2. After receiving the system information and SSB beam hopping information, the UE sends Msg1 to the base station (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0406] 3. Upon receiving Msg1, the base station needs to transmit a Random Access Response (RAR) to the UE during an RAR window. Correspondingly, the UE needs to receive the RAR during this window. To determine the starting point of the RAR window, the following method can be applied (Embodiment 3) :
[0407] ● The starting point of the RAR window needs to occur after an additional time offset, such as the time offset aforementioned, and / or
[0408] ● The starting point of the RAR window must be located in on-duration time of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell.
[0409] ■ The time offset is configured by the base station via one of the following:
[0410] 1) . System Information Block 1 (SIB1)
[0411] 2) . System Information Block 19 (SIB19)
[0412] 3) . Radio Resource Control (RRC)
[0413] 4) . Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE)
[0414] 5) . Downlink Control Information (DCI)
[0415] 4. After receiving the RAR, the UE needs to transmit Msg3 to the base station based on RAR scheduling. To determine the time relationship between Msg2 and Msg3, the following methods can be applied (Embodiment 6) :
[0416] i. Use 1 bit in RAR to indicate postponement of Msg3.
[0417] ii. Use the default time-domain resource allocation (TDRA) table of physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to indicate postponement of Msg3.
[0418] iii. Indicate a time offset via a field in RAR.
[0419] 5. After receiving Msg3, the base station needs to transmit Msg4 within an RA-ContentionResolutionTimer window. Correspondingly, the UE needs to receive Msg4. To determine the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer, the following method can be applied (Embodiment 4) :
[0420] ■ The ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window starts after an additional time offset, such as the offset aforementioned, and / or
[0421] ■ The ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window must have its starting point located in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.
[0422] ■ The time offset is configured by one of the following:
[0423] 1) . SIB1
[0424] 2) . SIB19
[0425] 3) . RRC
[0426] 4) . MAC-CE
[0427] 5) . DCI
[0428] 6 .After receiving Msg4, the UE needs to send a HARQ-ACK of Msg4 to the base station. To determine the time relationship between Msg4 and HARQ-ACK of Msg4, the method detailed in Embodiment 7 can be applied.
[0429] For issue 3 the following solution is provided.
[0430] Solution #1: Paging Missing Notification
[0431] With reference to FIG. 15, the procedure includes at least one of the following steps:
[0432] Base station pages a UE or a set of UEs (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0433] Base station determines paging missing (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0434] Base station transmits paging missing notification to UE or a set of UEs. For paging missing notification, the following methods can be considered (Embodiment 10) :
[0435] 1. Introduce a UE-specific sequence for paging missing notifications. Configuration of the UE-specific sequence is also proposed in Embodiment 10.
[0436] 2. Introduce a UE group-based sequence to notify paging missing. Configuration of the UE group-based sequence is also proposed.
[0437] 3. Introduce a UE-specific DCI to notify paging missing. A UE-specific DCI can notify paging missing for a single UE. DCI can be scheduling data DCI or non-scheduling data DCI. CN-RNTI (C-Notification RNTI) can be used to scramble the DCI.
[0438] 4. Introduce a UE group-based DCI to notify paging missing. A UE group-based DCI can notify paging missing for a set of UEs. PMN-RNTI (Paging Missing Notification RNTI) can be used to scramble the DCI. PMN-RNTI value can be pre-defined or indicated by base station via system information. PMN-RNTI value can be one of {FFF3-FFFB} .
[0439] 5. Introduce a UE common-based DCI to notify paging missing. A UE common-based DCI can notify paging missing for all UEs within a cell. PMN-RNTI can be used to scramble the DCI. PMN-RNTI value can be pre-defined or indicated by base station via system information. PMN-RNTI value can be one of {FFF3-FFFB} .
[0440] After receiving the paging notification, UE or subscriber (e.g., user of the UE) moves out of a confined space (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0441] Base station pages a UE or a set of UEs again (outside the scope of this patent) .
[0442] Solution #2: Paging Receiving Notification
[0443] With reference to FIG. 16, the procedure includes at least one of the following steps:
[0444] The solution encompasses several steps, beginning with the base station determining that paging is incoming, which falls outside the scope of this patent. The core of the solution involves the base station transmitting paging reception notifications to UEs. For these notifications, various methods can be considered (Embodiment 11) :
[0445] 1. One approach introduces a UE-specific sequence for paging reception notification, along with a proposed configuration for this UE-specific sequence. Detailed information about this method can be found in Embodiment 11.
[0446] 2. Similarly, a UE group-based sequence to notify paging receiving is another option, with its configuration also proposed.
[0447] 3. The solution also considers introducing different types of Downlink Control Information (DCI) for paging reception notifications. A UE-specific DCI can notify paging receiving for a single UE, using either scheduling data DCI or non-scheduling data DCI. This method employs a CN-RNTI (C-Notification RNTI) to scramble the DCI.
[0448] 4. For notifying a set of UEs, a UE group-based DCI is proposed, using a PRN-RNTI (Paging Reception Notification RNTI) for DCI scrambling. The PRN-RNTI value may be either pre-defined or indicated by the base station via system information. The value can be one of {FFF3-FFFB} .
[0449] 5. Additionally, a UE common-based DCI can notify paging receiving for all UEs within a cell. This method also uses a PRN-RNTI for DCI scrambling, with the PRN-RNTI value either pre-defined or indicated by the base station via system information. The value can be one of {FFF3-FFFB} .
[0450] After receiving the paging notification, the UE or subscriber (e.g., user of the UE) moving out of a confined space and waiting for paging (outside the scope of this patent) . Base station pages a UE or a set of UEs again. Similarly, the final step of the base station paging a UE or a set of UEs is also outside the patent's scope.
[0451] Embodiment 1: NR Beam / SSB Level-Based DTX / DRX / Beam hopping
[0452] With reference to FIG. 10, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0453] The base station 20a transmits to the UE 10 a control signal that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list. The UE 10 receives the control signal.
[0454] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the control signal comprises at least one of:
[0455] a radio resource control (RRC) signal;
[0456] a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;
[0457] a UE-group common DCI;
[0458] a UE common-based DCI; or
[0459] a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0460] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE-specific DCI or UE-group common DCI used to activate or deactivate a beam or beam group based beam hopping configuration comprises a beam index or a beam hopping configuration index. The beam comprises at least one of:
[0461] a synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam;
[0462] a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (RS) -based beam; or
[0463] a satellite beam.
[0464] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the configuration comprises one or more parameters of:
[0465] BeamHop-ondurationtimer;
[0466] BeamHop-ondurationtimer;
[0467] BeamHopperiodicity;
[0468] Beamhoppingendingpoint;
[0469] Beamhoppingstartingpoint;
[0470] BeamIndex;
[0471] BeamGroupIndex; and
[0472] BeamHopconfigindex.
[0473] In some embodiments of the disclosure, a beam hopping pattern in a time domain is derivable based on at least the beam hopping on-duration timer, the beam hopping periodicity, and the beam hopping starting point. The UE determines a beam hopping pattern in a time domain based on at least the beam hopping on-duration timer, the beam hopping periodicity, and the beam hopping starting point.
[0474] This disclosure proposes NR beam level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) , aiming to improve transmission power or Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) of satellite beams and consequently enhance coverage capability. As previously agreed, there are three types of satellite beams: N1, N2, and N3. N1 represents beam footprints in the "off" state, not served by any signal. N2 indicates beam footprints in the "common message only" state, providing necessary information for cell discovery and initial access without active user traffic. N3 denotes beam footprints in the "active traffic" state, serving several active users while also providing cell discovery and initial access information.
[0475] The current cell-based DTX / DRX mechanism, if reused, would result in all satellite beam footprints within a cell having the same state (N1, N2, or N3) . This approach is disadvantageous for satellite EIRP improvement, as it requires activating the corresponding satellite beam even for UEs without traffic, leading to high power consumption at both satellite and UE sides.
[0476] Moreover, due to satellite capability limitations, the maximum number of simultaneously activated beams is 16. When an NR cell includes more than 16 beams, cell-based DTX / DRX becomes unfeasible. Therefore, NR beam-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration for NTN is necessary, beam hopping is a mechanism for activating / illuminating beams or satellite beam (s) or cell (s) or satellite cell (s) periodically or aperiodically, In this approach, only a subset of beam (s) , satellite beams, cell (s) or satellite cell (s) is activated or illuminated within a given time duration. When a satellite beam is active / illuminated, UE or base station can transmit or receive information through the active beam. For the remaining inactive beams, no transmission or reception of information occurs.
[0477] Method 1: To address these issues, Method 1 proposes reusing the current configuration of cell DTX / DRX while introducing a new Information Element (IE) to link the cell DTX / DRX configuration to an SSB / beam. Specifically, a cellDTXDRX-Config-r18linkedbeam IE can be added to the ServingCellConfig, as defined in TS 38.331. This new IE would link the cellDTXDRX-Config-r18 to a specific beam, which can be CSI-RS based or SSB based. This approach allows for more granular control of DTX / DRX configurations at the beam level, potentially leading to improved power efficiency and network performance in NTN scenarios.
[0478] Table 1: ServingCellConfig information element
[0479] Alternatively, a cellDTXDRX-Config-r18linkedbeam Information Element (IE) can be incorporated into the CellDTXDRX-Config information element, which is defined in Technical Specification (TS) 38.331. This new cellDTXDRX-Config-r18linkedbeam IE serves to link the CellDTXDRX-Config information element to a specific beam. The beam in question can be either Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) based or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) based. This modification allows for more precise control of DTX / DRX configurations at the beam level, potentially improving power efficiency and network performance in Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) scenarios. The structure and relationship of these elements would be detailed in the technical specifications, providing a clear framework for implementing beam-specific DTX / DRX configurations in NR systems. An example of cellDTXDRX-Config-r18linkedbeam Information Element (IE) is shown in the following:
[0480] Table 2: CellDTXDRX-Config information element
[0481] MaxNrofBeam is the maximum number of Tx beams within the serving cell. The beam can be SSB or CSI-RS related.
[0482] Method 2: Method 2 introduces a new Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling to configure beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping. This configuration can be activated or deactivated by RRC. The beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0483] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in millisecond (ms) , mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0484] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0485] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0486] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0487] 5. DTX / DRXstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0488] 6. Beamhoppingstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0489] 7. Beamhoppingendingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping ending point within a periodicity.
[0490] 8. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0491] 9. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0492] 10. BeamIndex: This parameters indicate a beam’s index, the beam can be a SSB or a CSI-RS beam.
[0493] 11. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameters indicate the index of a beam level based DTX / DRX.
[0494] 12. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameters indicate the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[0495] When parameters like BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex are configured, the UE can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain, including periodicity, starting point, and beam on duration time.
[0496] Similarly, when parameters such as DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex are configured, the UE can determine the DTX / DRX pattern. This approach allows for reuse of cell-based parameters, potentially reducing signaling overhead.
[0497] This method provides flexibility in configuration while enabling UEs to understand and adapt to the beam hopping and DTX / DRX patterns in the network.
[0498] Method 3: Method 3 proposes introducing a new Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling to configure a set of beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations. Each configuration in this set includes several parameters that define the behavior of individual beams. The parameters include at least one of the following:
[0499] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity, for a beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0500] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity, for a beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0501] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0502] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0503] 5. DTX / DRXstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0504] 6. Beamhoppingstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0505] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0506] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0507] 9. BeamIndex: This parameters indicate a beam’s index, the beam can be a SSB or a CSI-RS beam.
[0508] 10. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based DTX / DRX.
[0509] 11. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[0510] These parameters include timers for on-duration in both DTX / DRX and beam hopping scenarios, periodicities for DTX / DRX and beam hopping, starting and ending points for these operations, beam indices, and configuration indices for both DTX / DRX and beam hopping.
[0511] To illustrate, when a UE is configured with parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex, the UE can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain. This includes understanding the periodicity, the starting point within that period, and the beam's on-duration time. This approach offers considerable configuration flexibility.
[0512] Similarly, when a UE is configured with DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex, the UE can comprehend the DTX / DRX pattern in the time domain. This method allows for the reuse of cell-based parameters, potentially reducing signaling overhead.
[0513] By providing a set of these configurations, Method 3 allows for more dynamic and adaptable network behavior. It enables the network to switch between different beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations as needed, enhancing the system's ability to optimize performance and energy efficiency in various scenarios.
[0514] In some embodiments, a UE-specific DCI can be employed to activate or deactivate a beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration. This DCI can be scrambled using a new Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) , such as a CS-D-RNTI. Within the DCI, a specific field is used to indicate the DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex. This field could reuse existing fields like HARQ-ID, Frequency Domain Resource Allocation (FDRA) , Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) , or Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) , among others.
[0515] Alternatively, a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) can be utilized for the same purpose of activating or deactivating a beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration. In this case, a field within the MAC-CE would indicate the DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex.
[0516] For scenarios involving multiple UEs, a group-common DCI can be used to activate or deactivate beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for a set of UEs simultaneously. This DCI would be scrambled with a new RNTI, such as BeamHop-RNTI. The DCI would include a set of block numbers, with each block number indicating a DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex for a specific UE. The starting position of a block associated with each UE is configured by the base station via higher layers.
[0517] These approaches provide flexible mechanisms for managing beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations, allowing for efficient and dynamic control of network resources.
[0518] Method 4: Introducing a new RRC signaling to configure beam list and a set of DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations. The signaling includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0519] 1. DTX / DRXconfiglist: This parameter indicates a set of beam based DTX / DRX configurations.
[0520] 2. BeamHopconfiglist: This parameters indicates a set of beam based beam hopping configurations.
[0521] 3. BeamIndexlist: This parameters indicate a set of beam indices of a set of beams, the set of beams can be a set of SSB beams or a set of CSI-RS beams.
[0522] Each DTX / DRXconfiglist may include one or more DTX / DRXconfig configurations, and each BeamHopconfiglist may include one or more BeamHopconfig configurations. Each beamIndexlist may include one or more beamIndex.
[0523] Each DTX / DRXconfig or BeamHopconfig configuration includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0524] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0525] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0526] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0527] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0528] 5. DTX / DRXstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0529] 6. Beamhoppingstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0530] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0531] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0532] 9. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based DTX / DRX.
[0533] 10. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[0534] When certain parameters are configured for a UE (such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex) , the UE can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain, offering configuration flexibility.
[0535] Similarly, when parameters like DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex are configured, the UE can determine the DTX / DRX pattern, potentially reusing cell-based parameters to reduce signaling overhead.
[0536] In some embodiments, a UE-specific DCI can activate / deactivate a beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration. A new RNTI (e.g., CS-D-RNTI) can scramble the DCI, with a field indicating the beamIndex and DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex.
[0537] Alternatively, a MAC-CE can be used for activation / deactivation, with a field indicating the beamIndex and DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex.
[0538] For multiple UEs, a group-common DCI can activate / deactivate beam level-based DTX / DRX / beam hopping. This DCI, scrambled with a new RNTI (e.g., BeamHop-RNTI) , includes block numbers indicating beamIndex and DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex for each UE, with block starting positions configured by base station via higher layers.
[0539] Method 5: Method 5 implements new RRC signaling to configure beam group level DTX / DRX / beam hopping. This configuration can be activated by RRC and includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0540] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam group’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0541] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam group’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0542] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0543] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0544] 5. DTX / DRXstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0545] 6. Beamhoppingstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0546] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0547] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0548] 9. BeamGroupIndex: This parameters indicate a beam group’s index, the beam group can be a SSB set or a CSI-RS related beam set or a combination of SSB set and a CSI-RS related beam set.
[0549] 10. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam group level based DTX / DRX.
[0550] 11. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam group level based beam hopping.
[0551] When parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex are configured for a UE, the UE can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodicity, starting point within the period, beam on duration) . This approach also allows for configuration flexibility.
[0552] Similarly, when parameters like DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex are configured for a UE, the UE can determine the DTX / DRX pattern in the time domain. This method allows reuse of cell-based parameters, potentially reducing signaling overhead.
[0553] Method 6: Method 6 introduces a new RRC signalling to configure a set of beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations. Each beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration include at least one of the following parameters:
[0554] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam group’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0555] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam group’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0556] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0557] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0558] 5. DTX / DRXstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0559] 6. Beamhoppingstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0560] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0561] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0562] 9. BeamGroupIndex: This parameters indicate a beam group’s index, the beam group can be a set of SSB or a set of CSI-RS related beams.
[0563] 10. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam group level based DTX / DRX.
[0564] 11. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam group level based beam hopping.
[0565] When parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex are configured for a UE, the UE can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodicity, starting point within the period, beam on duration time) . This approach also provides configuration flexibility.
[0566] Similarly, when parameters like DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex are configured for a UE, the UE can determine the DTX / DRX pattern in the time domain. This method allows reuse of cell-based parameters, potentially reducing signaling overhead.
[0567] In some embodiments, a UE-specific DCI can activate / deactivate a beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping. A new RNTI (e.g., CS-D-RNTI) can scramble the DCI, and a field within the DCI can indicate the DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex. This could reuse fields such as HARQ-ID, FDRA, TDRA, MCS, or others.
[0568] Alternatively, a MAC-CE can activate / deactivate a beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping, with a field in the MAC-CE indicating the DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex.
[0569] Another approach uses a group-common DCI to activate / deactivate beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for multiple UEs. A new RNTI (e.g., BeamHop-RNTI) scrambles this DCI, which includes a set of block numbers. Each block number indicates a DTX / DRXconfigindex or BeamHopconfigindex for a UE, with the starting position of a UE's associated block configured by the base station via higher layers.
[0570] Method 7: Method 7 introduces a new RRC signalling to configure a beam-group list and a set of DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations. The signalling includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0571] 1. DTX / DRXconfiglist: This parameter indicates a set of beam group based DTX / DRX configurations.
[0572] 2. BeamHopconfiglist: This parameters indicates a set of beam group based beam hopping configurations.
[0573] 3. BeamGroupIndexlist: This parameters indicate a set of beam group’s index, the beam group can be a set of SSB or a set of CSI-RS related beams.
[0574] Each DTX / DRXconfiglist may include one or more DTX / DRXconfig configurations, while each BeamHopconfiglist may include one or more BeamHopconfig configurations. Additionally, each beamgroupIndexlist may contain one or more beamgroupIndex entries. Furthermore, each DTX / DRXconfig or BeamHopconfig configuration may include at least one of the following parameters:
[0575] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam group’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0576] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam group’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0577] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini- slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0578] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0579] 5. DTX / DRXstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0580] 6. Beamhoppingstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0581] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0582] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam group’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0583] 9. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam group level based DTX / DRX.
[0584] 10. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam group level based beam hopping.
[0585] The beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodicity, starting point within the period, beam on duration time) can be determined by the UE, allowing for configuration flexibility.
[0586] When parameters such as DTX / DRX-on duration timer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex are configured for a UE, it can determine the DTX / DRX pattern in the time domain. This approach allows reuse of cell-based parameters, potentially affecting signaling overhead.
[0587] In some embodiments, a UE-specific DCI can activate / deactivate a beam level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping. A new RNTI (e.g., CS-D-RNTI) can scramble the DCI, and a field within the DCI can indicate the beamgroupIndex and DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex. This could reuse fields such as HARQ-ID, FDRA, TDRA, MCS, or others.
[0588] Alternatively, a MAC-CE can activate / deactivate a beam level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping, with a field in the MAC-CE indicating the beamgroupIndex and DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex.
[0589] Another approach uses a group-common DCI to activate / deactivate beam level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for multiple UEs. A new RNTI (e.g., BeamHop-RNTI) scrambles this DCI, which includes a set of block numbers. Each block number indicates a beamgroupIndex and a DTX / DRXconfigindex / BeamHopconfigindex for a UE, with the starting position of a UE's associated block configured by the base station via higher layers.
[0590] The embodiment introduces beam-level and beam-group-level DTX / DRX / beam hopping configurations, allowing for more precise control of network resources. The embodiments address limitations in satellite capabilities, such as the maximum number of simultaneously activated beams.
[0591] Enables more efficient use of spectrum resources through beam-level or beam-group-level control.
[0592] Embodiment 2: Satellite beam level based DTX / DRX or satellite beam hopping
[0593] This disclosure proposes satellite beam level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping for NTN UE. This approach can improve transmission power or EIRP through TDM-based methodology, consequently enhancing coverage capability.
[0594] As previously agreed, there are three types of satellite beams:
[0595] N1: "Off" state -beam footprints not served by any signal;
[0596] N2: "Common message only" state -beam footprints without active user traffic, serving only necessary information for cell discovery and initial access;
[0597] N3: "Active traffic" state -beam footprints with several active users, also serving necessary information for cell discovery and initial access.
[0598] Reusing the current cell-based DTX / DRX mechanism would result in all satellite beam footprints within a cell having the same state {N1, N2, or N3} . This could cause high power consumption at both satellite and UE, even for UEs without traffic.
[0599] Moreover, satellites are typically limited to activating a maximum of 16 beams simultaneously. When an NR cell includes more than 16 beams, cell-based DTX / DRX becomes unworkable, necessitating satellite beam-based DTX / DRX / hopping for NTN. Beam hopping is a mechanism for activating / illuminating beams or satellite beam (s) or cell (s) or satellite cell (s) periodically or aperiodically, In this approach, only a subset of beam (s) , satellite beams, cell (s) or satellite cell (s) is activated or illuminated within a given time duration. When a satellite beam is active / illuminated, UE or base station can transmit or receive information through the active beam. For the remaining inactive beams, no transmission or reception of information occurs.
[0600] Current specifications present a challenge as satellite beams are not visible to UEs, which can only identify NR cell / SSB / beams. This limits the mapping between NR cell / SSB and satellite beam footprints. Additionally, different satellite beams serve different land areas with varying UE populations and traffic loads.
[0601] Therefore, implementing satellite beam-based DTX / DRX and providing this information to UEs is necessary. The following methods can be considered to address these challenges.
[0602] Method 1: Method 1 introduces a new RRC signalling to configure a satellite beam level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping. Each satellite beam DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0603] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0604] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0605] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0606] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0607] 5. DTX / DRXstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0608] 6. Beamhoppingstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0609] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0610] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0611] 9. BeamIndex: This parameters indicate a beam’s index, the beam can be a satellite beam.
[0612] 10. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based DTX / DRX.
[0613] 11. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[0614] When a UE is configured with parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex, the UE can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodicity, starting point within the period, beam on duration time) . This approach also provides configuration flexibility.
[0615] Similarly, when a UE is configured with parameters like DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex, the UE can determine the DTX / DRX pattern in the time domain. This method allows reuse of cell-based parameters, which may affect signaling overhead.
[0616] In both cases, the UE can interpret the time-domain patterns (e.g. periodic, starting point within the periodic, beam on duration time) for beam hopping or DTX / DRX based on the provided parameters. The key difference lies in the potential for parameter reuse and its impact on signaling in the DTX / DRX scenario.
[0617] Method 2: Method 2 introduces a new RRC signalling to configure a satellite beam group level based DTX / DRX / beam hopping. Each satellite beam group DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration includes at least one of the following parameters:
[0618] 1. DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0619] 2. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0620] 3. DTX / DRXperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0621] 4. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[0622] 5. DTX / DRXstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX starting point within a periodicity.
[0623] 6. Beamhoppingstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[0624] 7. DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s DTX / DRX periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0625] 8. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[0626] 9. BeamgroupIndex: This parameters indicate a set of satellite beam’s index
[0627] 10. DTX / DRXconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based DTX / DRX.
[0628] 11. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[0629] When a UE is configured with parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, BeamHopperiodicity, Beamhoppingstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and BeamHopconfigindex, it can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodicity, starting point within the period, beam on duration time) . This approach also provides configuration flexibility.
[0630] Similarly, when a UE is configured with parameters like DTX / DRX-ondurationtimer, DTX / DRXperiodicity, DTX / DRXperiodicityandstartingpoint, BeamIndex, and DTX / DRXconfigindex, it can determine the DTX / DRX pattern in the time domain. In this case, a set of cell-based parameters can be reused, which may lead to increased signaling overhead.
[0631] In both scenarios, the UE can interpret the time-domain patterns for beam hopping or DTX / DRX based on the provided parameters. The key difference lies in the potential for parameter reuse and its impact on signaling in the DTX / DRX scenario.
[0632] The embodiment enhances transmission power or EIRP through TDM-based methodology and improves coverage by allowing more efficient use of satellite beam resources. The embodiment offers multiple methods for configuring and managing satellite beam-level and beam-group-level DTX / DRX / beam hopping, providing flexibility to adapt to various network scenarios.
[0633] Embodiment 3: Time relationship between Msg1 and Msg2
[0634] With reference to FIG. 17, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps. The base station 20a transmits configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication. The UE 10 receives the configuration.
[0635] The UE 10 determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access response (RAR) window based on:
[0636] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set or a first symbol of an earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of a RACH occasion,
[0637] b) a timing advance (TA) value,
[0638] c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, and
[0639] monitoring for a random access response (RAR) during the RAR window.
[0640] The base station 20a determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access response (RAR) window based on:
[0641] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set or a first symbol of an earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of a RACH occasion,
[0642] b) a timing advance (TA) value,
[0643] c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, and
[0644] monitoring for a random access response (RAR) during the RAR window.
[0645] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE calculates the starting point of the random access response window as the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive the PDCCH for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value, the deviation value, and a time-offset value. The base station calculates the starting point of the random access response window as the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive the PDCCH for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value, the deviation value, and a time-offset value.
[0646] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the RAR window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.
[0647] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the time-offset value is configured by at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .
[0648] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and base station perform:
[0649] calculating the reference time T1 as the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;
[0650] identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set, wherein the first symbol occurs after the reference time T1 and is located within an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell or cell or satellite on-duration time after the reference time T1; and
[0651] setting the identified first symbol as the start point of the random access response window.
[0652] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE performs:
[0653] determining a first symbol T1 of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the Random Occasion (RO) corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;
[0654] calculating the reference time T2 as T1 plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;
[0655] identifying a first symbol T3 of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:
[0656] a) the first symbol T3 is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) ,
[0657] b) the first symbol T3 is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time T2, and
[0658] c) the first symbol T3 occurs at least one symbol after the reference time T2; and
[0659] setting first symbol T3 as the start point of the random access response window.
[0660] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the base station performs:
[0661] determining a first symbol T1 of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the Random Occasion (RO) corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;
[0662] calculating the reference time T2 as T1 plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;
[0663] identifying a first symbol T3 of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:
[0664] a) the first symbol T3 is configured to transmit a PDCCH scrambled by a Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) ,
[0665] b) the first symbol T3 is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time T2, and
[0666] c) the first symbol T3 occurs at least one symbol after the reference time T2; and
[0667] setting first symbol T3 as the start point of the random access response window.
[0668] This disclosure proposes a methodology to define the time relationship between Msg1 and Msg2, considering DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration for the starting point and duration of the Ra-ResponseWindow. An offset-time between Msg1 and Msg2 or a postpone rule for RAR is proposed.
[0669] Current specifications define timelines for the RACH access procedure:
[0670] 1. UE transmits RACH preamble to gNB
[0671] 2. Ra-ResponseWindow starts
[0672] 3. UE monitors for Random Access Response (RAR) during RAR window
[0673] 4. Upon correct RAR detection, UE transmits Msg3 based on the grant within RAR
[0674] 5. UE receives Msg4 during ra-contentionResolutionTimer
[0675] 6. Upon correct Msg4 reception, UE transmits HARQ-ACK for Msg4
[0676] However, satellite capability limitations restrict the number of simultaneously activated satellite beams, necessitating TDM-based operation. During the "on duration time or on-duration time, " of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, UE / base station can transmit / receive information on the activated set of satellite beams. During an "idle time" of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, base station / UE can not transmit / receive information..
[0677] This TDM-based satellite beam activation / illumination differs from Rel-18 cell DTX / DRX configuration for network power saving. During cell / beam DTX / DRX / beam hopping idle time, gNB / UE cannot receive or transmit any signaling / data (e.g., PRACH, RAR, Msg3, Msg4, Msg5, system information, PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, SPS and CG, etc. ) .
[0678] If an RAR's starting point falls in an idle time of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, , UE cannot receive the RAR from gNB, potentially causing network access failure. To address this issue, the following methods can be considered.
[0679] Method 1: The random access response (RAR) window starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set. This CORESET is where the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by RA-RNTI. The start of the RAR window occurs at least one symbol after the last symbol of a RACH occasion plus TTA+kmac milliseconds. When or as defined in TS 38.211, is not zero, where TTA is defined in TS 38.211, and kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided, or if a time-offset is configured to UE, the window starts after an additional time-offset, and / or the starting point of the window need to be located in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time. The time-offset may be configured by base station via SIB1, SIB19, RRC, MAC-CE or DCI. The granularity of the time-offset can be second, msec, slot or symbol. For instance, as shown in FIG. 18, when UE send a RACH sequence over a RO at T0, T1 is a location of the first symbol of the earliest CORESET of the UE where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set, and the starting point of the random access response window can be: T2 = T1 + TTA+kmac +time-offset.
[0680] In FIG. 18, the on-durationTimer represents the on-duration (i.e., active period) for one or more of the following:
[0681] · NR beam (s)
[0682] · Satellite beam (s)
[0683] · SSB (s)
[0684] · Cell (s)
[0685] During this "illumination" period, gNB / UE can receive or transmit data / signals. Conversely, the Idle Timer indicates when the beam (s) / cell (s) are "not illuminated, " and gNB / UE cannot receive / transmit data / signals. (Note that This definition applies to FIG. 19 to FIG. 28 as well. )
[0686] In some embodiments, the time-offset value (s) correlate with the beam hopping period. Generally, a longer beam hopping period corresponds to a greater time-offset value.
[0687] which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0688] Method 2: Determining the Start of the Random Access Response Window
[0689] The random access response window starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set. This CORESET is where the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) . The starting point must be located within the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion plus an additional TTA+kmac milliseconds.
[0690] If or as defined in [4, TS 38.211] , is not zero, where TTA is defined in [4, TS 38.211] , kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided.
[0691] With reference to FIG. 19, for example:
[0692] 1. The UE sends a RACH sequence over a Random Occasion (RO) at time T0.
[0693] 2. T1 is the location of the last symbol of the RO plus TTA+kmac. T1 = T0 + TTA+kmac milliseconds, marking the end of the RO plus the additional time.
[0694] 3. T3 is the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH (scrambled by RA-RNTI) that falls within the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after T1.
[0695] 4. The random access response window starts at T3.
[0696] This method ensures that the random access response window begins at a time when the UE is capable of receiving the response, taking into account the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time and necessary processing delays.
[0697] Note that , which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0698] In some implementations, the random access response window starts at the first symbol located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time, following the last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion plus an additional TTA+kmac milliseconds.
[0699] Method 3: Determining the Start of the Random Access Response Window
[0700] The random access response window starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the User Equipment (UE) is configured to receive Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set. This CORESET must meet the following criteria:
[0701] 1. It is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) .
[0702] 2. It is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after a specific time point T2.
[0703] 3. It occurs after the specific time point T2, which is calculated as follows:
[0704] - T1: The first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the last symbol of a RO corresponding to a PRACH transmission.
[0705] - T2 is the first symbol of T1+ TTA+kmac.
[0706] If or as defined in [4, TS 38.211] , is not zero, where TTA is defined in [4, TS 38.211] , kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided.
[0707] With reference to FIG. 20, for example:
[0708] 1. The UE sends a RACH sequence over an RO at time T0.
[0709] 2. T1 is the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the last symbol of the RO corresponding to the PRACH transmission.
[0710] 3. T2 is the first symbol of T1+ TTA+kmac.
[0711] 4. T3 is the first symbol of the earliest CORESET meeting all the criteria mentioned above, occurring at least one symbol after T2.
[0712] 5. The random access response window starts at T3.
[0713] This method ensures that the random access response window begins at a time when the UE is capable of receiving the response, taking into account the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time, necessary processing delays, and the specific CORESET configuration.
[0714] In some embodiments, the random access response window starts at the first symbol which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the last symbol of a RO corresponding to a PRACH transmission plus an additional TTA+kmac msec.
[0715] The embodiment incorporates multiple factors (reference time, Timing Advance, downlink-uplink frame deviation) to calculate the RACH related window start (e.g., RAR window start) , ensuring more precise timing in satellite communications.
[0716] Embodiment 4 Time relationship between Msg3 and Msg4
[0717] With reference to FIG. 21, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0718] The base station 20a transmits configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication. The UE 10 receives the configuration.
[0719] The UE 10 transmits a message 3 (Msg3) in a random access procedure. The base station 20a receives the Msg3. The UE 10 determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a contention resolution timer window based on:
[0720] a) a first time point corresponding to an end of Msg3 transmission or a second time point after the end of Msg3 transmission, and
[0721] b) a UE to base station round trip time (RTT) ,
[0722] monitoring for a contention resolution message (i.e., Msg4) during the contention resolution timer window.
[0723] The base station 20a determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a contention resolution timer window based on:
[0724] a) a first time point corresponding to an end of Msg3 transmission or a second time point after the end of Msg3 transmission, and
[0725] b) a UE to base station round trip time (RTT) ,
[0726] monitoring for a contention resolution message during the contention resolution timer window.
[0727] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and the base station perform:
[0728] determining an end of a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission in the random access procedure;
[0729] determining the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window as a first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission plus the UE to base station round trip time (RTT) plus a time-offset;
[0730] wherein the UE to base station RTT is a sum of the UE's timing advance value and a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame.
[0731] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the time-offset is configurable via at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .
[0732] In some embodiments of the disclosure, granularity of the time-offset is one of: second, millisecond, slot, or symbol.
[0733] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and the base station perform:
[0734] determining an end of a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission in a random access procedure;
[0735] determining the second time point as a first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission plus the UE-gNB round trip time (RTT) ;
[0736] identifying a first symbol of an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time that occurs after the second time point; and
[0737] setting the identified first symbol as the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window.
[0738] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the contention resolution timer window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.
[0739] This disclosure proposes a methodology to define the time relationship between Msg3 and Msg4, considering DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration for the starting point and duration of the ra-contentionResolutionTimer. An offset-time between Msg3 and Msg4 or a postpone rule for ra-contentionResolutionTimer is proposed.
[0740] Current specifications define timelines for the RACH access procedure:
[0741] 1. UE transmits RACH preamble to gNB
[0742] 2. Ra-ResponseWindow starts
[0743] 3. UE monitors for Random Access Response (RAR) during RAR window
[0744] 4. Upon correct RAR detection, UE transmits Msg3 based on the grant within RAR
[0745] 5. UE receives Msg4 during ra-contentionResolutionTimer
[0746] 6. Upon correct Msg4 reception, UE transmits HARQ-ACK for Msg4
[0747] However, satellite capability limitations restrict the number of simultaneously activated satellite beams, necessitating TDM-based operation. During the "on duration time or on-duration time, " of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, UE / base station can transmit / receive information on the activated set of satellite beams. During a "idle time" of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, base station / UE cannot transmit / receive information.
[0748] This TDM-based satellite beam activation / illumination differs from Rel-18 cell DTX / DRX configuration for network power saving. During cell / beam DTX / DRX / beam hopping idle time, gNB / UE cannot receive or transmit any signaling / data (e.g., PRACH, RAR, Msg3, Msg4, Msg5, system information, PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, SPS and CG, etc. ) .
[0749] If the starting point of a ra-contentionResolutionTimer falls within a beam / satellite beam idle time, UE cannot receive the RACH contention resolution from gNB, potentially causing network access failure. To address this issue, the following methods can be considered.
[0750] Method 1: The ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window starting at the first symbol after the end of all repetitions of the Msg3 transmission (or the end of the Msg3 transmission) plus the UE-gNB RTT. If a time-offset is configured to UE, the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window starts after an additional time-offset, and / or the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window need to be located in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time. In particular, the time-offset is configured by SIB1, SIB19, RRC, MAC-CE or DCI. The granularity of the time-offset can be second, ms, slot or symbol. Where the UE-gNB RTT is used for non-terrestrial networks, the sum of the UE's Timing Advance value (defined in TS 38.211) and kmac, for example, it can be equal to TTA+kmac . The kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided. For instance, as shown in FIG. 22, when a UE send Msg3 to gNB, T1 is the location of the first symbol after the end of Msg3 transmission, then the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimerwindow starting at: T2 = T1 + UE-gNB RTT +time-offset. In FIG. 22, on-durationTimer can be an NR beam’s on duration time or a satellite beam’s on duration time, which means a beam is “illumination” , and gNB / UE can receive or transmit data / signal within the on-durationTimer. Idle Timer means a beam is “not illumination” and gNB / UE can not receive / transmit data / signal.
[0751] Note that , which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0752] UE-gNB RTT: For non-terrestrial networks, the sum of the UE's Timing Advance value (see TS 38.211 clause 4.3.1) and kmac.
[0753] Method 2: The ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window starting at the first symbol of the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the end of all repetitions of the Msg3 transmission (or the end of the Msg3 transmission) plus UE-gNB RTT. The UE-gNB RTT is used for non-terrestrial networks, the sum of the UE's Timing Advance value (defined in TS 38.211) and kmac, for example, can be equal to TTA+kmac, where kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided. For instance, as shown in FIG. 23 . when UE send a Msg3 to gNB, T1 is the first symbol after the end of Msg3, T2 =T1+ UE-gNB RTT. The first symbol is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time after T2 is T3, then the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window starting at T3.
[0754] Note that , which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0755] The embodiment optimizes the contention resolution phase of the random access procedure for non-terrestrial networks, taking into account DTX / DRX or beam hopping scenarios. The embodiment allows for different options to determine the starting point of the contention resolution timer window, accommodating various network configurations and scenarios. The time-offset can be adjusted to ensure the contention resolution timer window starts within the active period of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, improving the chances of successful contention resolution.
[0756] Embodiment 5 Time relationship between MsgA and MsgB (a PDSCH scheduled by a MsgB-RNTI scrambled DCI)
[0757] With reference to FIG. 24, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0758] The base station 20 a transmits configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication. The UE 10 receives the configuration information.
[0759] The UE 10 determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access message B response window based on:
[0760] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set,
[0761] b) a timing advance (TA) value, and
[0762] c) a deviation value between DL frame and UL frame, and
[0763] monitoring for a message B (MsgB) during the random access response window.
[0764] The base station 20a determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access message B response window based on:
[0765] a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set,
[0766] b) a timing advance (TA) value, and
[0767] c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, and
[0768] monitoring for a message B (MsgB) during the random access response window.
[0769] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and the base station perform:
[0770] determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;
[0771] identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space set (CSS) after the last symbol;
[0772] calculating a starting point of the message B response window as the first symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value plus a time-offset.
[0773] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the random access response window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time. The time-offset is configured via at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) . The granularity of the time-offset is one of: second, millisecond, slot, or symbol.
[0774] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and the base station perform:
[0775] determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;
[0776] calculating the reference time point as the last symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value;
[0777] identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set, wherein:
[0778] a) the CORESET is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a MsgB Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) , and
[0779] b) the first symbol occurs after the reference time and is located within an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time ; and
[0780] setting the identified first symbol as the starting point of the message B response window.
[0781] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and the base station perform:
[0782] determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;
[0783] identifying a first time point corresponding to a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion;
[0784] calculating a second time point as the first time point corresponding to the first symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value;
[0785] identifying a third time point corresponding to a first symbol of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:
[0786] a) the third time point is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a MsgB Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) ,
[0787] b) the third time point is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the second time point, and
[0788] c) the third time point occurs at least one symbol after the second time point; and
[0789] setting the third time point as the start of the message B response window.
[0790] This disclosure proposes a methodology to define the time relationship between MsgA and MsgB. The proposal takes into account DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration when determining the starting point and duration of the msgB-ResponseWindow. It suggests implementing either an offset-time between MsgA and MsgB or a postponement rule for the msgB-ResponseWindow.
[0791] In the current specification, the procedure of 2-step RACH access is shown in FIG. 25:
[0792] A timeline for RACH access is defined as follows:
[0793] When a UE transmits a RACH preamble and PUSCH (MsgA) to gNB, or only a PRACH if the PRACH preamble is mapped to a valid PUSCH occasion, the UE attempts to detect a DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by a corresponding MsgB-RNTI during a window controlled by higher layers.
[0794] However, satellite capability limitations restrict the number of simultaneously activated satellite beams, necessitating TDM-based operation. During the "on duration time or on-duration time, " of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, UE / base station can transmit / receive information on the activated set of satellite beams. During a "idle time" of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, base station / UE can not transmit / receive information.
[0795] This TDM-based satellite beam activation / illumination differs from Rel-18 cell DTX / DRX configuration for network power saving. During cell / beam DTX / DRX / beam hopping idle time, gNB / UE cannot receive or transmit any signaling / data (e.g., PRACH, RAR, Msg3, Msg4, Msg5, system information, PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, SPS and CG, MsgA, MsgB, etc. ) .
[0796] If the starting point of a msgB-ResponseWindow falls within a beam / satellite beam idle time, UE cannot receive the RACH contention resolution from gNB, potentially causing network access failure. To address this issue, the following methods can be considered.
[0797] Method 1: The random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set. This CORESET is where the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by MsgB-RNTI. The start of the msgB-ResponseWindow occurs at least one symbol after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission, plus TTA+ kmac ms in milliseconds.
[0798] When or as defined in TS 38.211, is not zero, where TTA is defined in TS 38.211. kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided, if a time-offset is configured to UE, the window starts after an additional time-offset, and the starting point of the window need to be located in beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time. In particular, the time-offset may be configured by SIB1, SIB19, RRC, MAC-CE or DCI. The granularity of the time-offset can be second, ms, slot or symbol.
[0799] For instance, as shown in FIG. 26, when UE send a RACH sequence and a PUSCH (MsgA) over an RO and PO (PUSCH occasion) at T0, T1 is the location of the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set, then the starting point of the msgB-ResponseWindow starting at: T2 = T1 + TTA+kmac+time-offset. In FIG. 26, the on-durationTimer represents the on-duration for either an NR beam or a satellite beam. During this "illumination" period, gNB / UE can receive or transmit data / signals. Conversely, the Idle Timer indicates when the beam is "not illuminated, " and gNB / UE cannot receive / transmit data / signals.
[0800] Note that , which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0801] Method 2: The random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set (the first symbol of the earliest CORESET the UE is configured to received a PDCCH which is scrambled by MsgB-RNTI) which is located within the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission (MsgA) plus an additional TTA+kmac msec. If or as defined in [4, TS 38.211] , is not zero, where TTA is defined in [4, TS 38.211] . kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided.
[0802] For instance, as shown in FIG. 27, UE sends a RACH sequence and a PUSCH (Msg A) over a RO and a PO (PUSCH occasion) to gNB, T1 is the location of the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission (MsgA) plus TTA+kmac, the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set (the first symbol of the earliest CORESET the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH which is scrambled by MsgB-RNTI) which is located within the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time after T1 is T3, then the random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starting at T3.
[0803] Note that , which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0804] In some embodiments, the random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starts at the first symbol which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission (MsgA) plus an additional TTA+kmac msec.
[0805] Method 3: The random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set (the first symbol of the earliest CORESET the UE is configured to receive a PDCCH which is scrambled by MsgB-RNTI) which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission (MsgA) plus an additional TTA+kmac msec. If or as defined in [4, TS 38.211] , is not zero, where TTA is defined in [4, TS 38.211] . kmac is provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided. For instance, as shown in FIG. 28. UE transmits a RACH sequence and a PUSCH (Msg A) over a RO and a PO (PUSCH occasion) to gNB, T1 is the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the first symbol of the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission (MsgA) . T2 is the first symbol of T1+ TTA+kmac, then the random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starts at the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time (T3) , that is at least one symbol, after T2.
[0806] Note that , which is defined in TS 38.211.
[0807] In some embodiments, the random access response window for MsgA (msgB-ResponseWindow) starts at the first symbol which is located in the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on duration time, after the first symbol of the earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for type1-PDCCH CSS set after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission (MsgA) plus an additional TTA+kmac msec.
[0808] If the UE:
[0809] 1. Does not detect the DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by the corresponding MsgB-RNTI within the window (e.g., msgB-ResponseWindow) , or
[0810] 2. Detects the DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by the corresponding MsgB-RNTI within the window, but the LSBs of the SFN field in the DCI format 1_0 (if applicable) do not match the corresponding LSBs of the SFN where the UE transmitted the PRACH,
[0811] Then:
[0812] The higher layer of the UE can instruct the physical layer of the UE to:
[0813] · Transmit only PRACH according to Type-1 random access, or
[0814] · Transmit both PRACH and PUSCH according to Type-2 random access procedure (as defined in TS 38.213, TS 38.321)
[0815] The UE shall transmit a PRACH or MsgA no later than NT, 1+0.75 msec +time-offset after:
[0816] · The last symbol of the window, or
[0817] · The last symbol of the PDSCH reception
[0818] Where time-offset can equal a beam / satellite / cell DTX / DRX / beam hopping periodicity.
[0819] In some embodiments, the UE shall transmit a PRACH or MsgA no later than NT, 1+0.75 msec after the first symbol of a beam / satellite / cell DTX / DRX / beam hopping on-duration time, where this first symbol occurs after:
[0820] · The last symbol of the window, or
[0821] · The last symbol of the PDSCH reception
[0822] The embodiment optimizes the Message B (MsgB) response window timing for two-step random access in non-terrestrial networks, considering DTX / DRX or beam hopping scenarios. By aligning the MsgB response window with beam on-duration times, it reduces power consumption and improves resource efficiency.
[0823] Embodiment 6: Time relationship between Msg2 and Msg3
[0824] With reference to FIG. 29, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0825] The base station 20a transmits a random access response (RAR) message through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication. The UE 10 receives the RAR. Information associated with the RAR message indicates whether to adjust reception timing of a subsequent random access signaling message to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR.
[0826] The UE 10 determines, based on information associated with the RAR message, whether to adjust transmission timing of a subsequent random access signaling message to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after receiving the RAR and transmits the subsequent random access signaling message according to the determined transmission timing.
[0827] The base station 20a receives the subsequent random access signaling message according to the determined transmission timing.
[0828] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the RAR includes an indicator for Msg3 transmission. The UE determines, based on the indicator, whether to postpone Msg3 transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after receiving the RAR; and
[0829] transmits Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first slot or an available slot of the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when the indicator shows that postponement of Msg3 transmission is required.
[0830] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the base station receives Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first slot or an available slot of an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when the indicator shows that postponement of Msg3 transmission is required.
[0831] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the indicator is a single bit in the RAR, with a first value indicating no postponement and a second value indicating postponement is required.
[0832] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the indicator is provided by a most significant bit of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field in the RAR.
[0833] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the first available slot is defined as a slot where a Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV) indicated by the RAR message does not collide with a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , a RACH occasion (RO) , system information or DL slot.
[0834] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the RAR message includes an index to Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) table, wherein the TDRA table includes an additional column indicating whether postponement of a subsequent Msg3 transmission is required, and the method further comprises:
[0835] postponing a Msg3 transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when an entry of the TDRA table associated with the index shows that postponement of a subsequent Msg3 transmission is required.
[0836] In some embodiments of the disclosure, a field within the RAR message indicates a time-offset for a subsequent Msg3 transmission;
[0837] wherein a time for reception of the subsequent Msg3 transmission is based on a slot where the UE receives a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) with the RAR message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, a cell-specific K offset, and the time-offset.
[0838] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the RAR message schedules a rule for a subsequent Msg3 transmission; wherein the rule indicates that when transmission of the Msg3 is in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, one of the following is to be performed based on the rule:
[0839] a) not transmitting the Msg3, or
[0840] b) postponing transmission of the Msg3 to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message.
[0841] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE determines whether a starting point symbol for transmission of the Msg3 is in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, and, when the starting point symbol is in the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, performing, based on a rule, one of:
[0842] a) not transmitting the Msg3, or
[0843] b) postponing transmission of the Msg3 to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message.
[0844] In some embodiments of the disclosure, when transmission of the Msg3 is postponed, the UE transmits the Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message. The base station receives the Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message. The available slot is defined as having the same Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV) as indicated in the RAR message, and no symbol indicated by the SLIV collides with a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , a RACH occasion (RO) , system information or DL slot.
[0845] This disclosure proposes a methodology to define the time relationship between Msg2 and Msg3, considering DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration for the starting point of Msg3. An offset-time between Msg1 and Msg2 or a postponement rule for RAR is proposed.
[0846] Current specifications define the RACH access procedure timeline as follows:
[0847] 1. UE transmits RACH preamble to gNB
[0848] 2. Ra-ResponseWindow starts
[0849] 3. UE monitors for Random Access Response (RAR) during RAR window
[0850] 4. Upon correct RAR detection, UE transmits Msg3 based on the grant within RAR
[0851] 5. UE receives Msg4 during ra-contentionResolutionTimer
[0852] 6. Upon correct Msg4 reception, UE transmits HARQ-ACK for Msg4
[0853] However, satellite capability limitations restrict the number of simultaneously activated satellite beams, necessitating TDM-based operation. During "on duration time, " UE / base station can transmit / receive information on the activated set of satellite beams. During "idle time, " no transmission / reception is possible on those beams.
[0854] This TDM-based satellite beam activation / illumination differs from Rel-18 cell DTX / DRX configuration for network power saving. During cell / beam DTX / DRX / beam hopping idle time, gNB / UE cannot receive or transmit any signaling / data (e.g., PRACH, RAR, Msg3, Msg4, Msg5, system information, PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, SPS and CG, etc. ) .
[0855] If the starting point of Msg3 falls within a beam / satellite beam idle time, UE cannot transmit Msg3 to gNB, potentially causing network access failure. To address this issue, the following methods can be considered.
[0856] Method 1: Method uses 1 bit in RAR to indicate whether Msg3 should be postponed to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg2. For example, a value of the bit may be:
[0857] -"0" : No postponement required
[0858] -"1" : Postponement required
[0859] The starting point of Msg3 transmission would be the first slot / available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time. An available slot is defined as a slot where the SLIV indicated by Msg2 does not collide with SSB, RO, or system information.
[0860] Variations:
[0861] 1. When DTX / DRX / beam hopping for UE is enabled, the base station can use the MSB of MCS to indicate postponement.
[0862] 2. The base station can use the MSB of MCS for postponement indication, triggered by the base station (e.g., gNB) via SIB1 or SIB19 when DTX / DRX / beam hopping is configured for UE.
[0863] Method 2: The base station may use TDRA to indicate whether Msg3 should be postponed to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg2 by adding a column to the TDRA table.
[0864] The starting point of Msg3 transmission would be the first slot / available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time. An available slot is defined as having the same SLIV and no symbol indicated by the SLIV colliding with SSB, RO, or system information.
[0865] For example, an embodiment of method 2 may comprise modifying "Table 6.1.2.1.1-2" (defined in TS 38.214) by adding a column to "Default PUSCH time domain resource allocation A for normal CP" :
[0866] - "0" : No postponement required
[0867] - "1" : Postponement required
[0868] Table 3: Default PUSCH time domain resource allocation A for normal CP and Msg3 postpone
[0869] Note that Table 6.1.2.1.1-3 defined in TS 38.213 can be re-used the same way.
[0870] Method 3: The base station may use a field within RAR to indicate a time-offset for Msg3 transmission. The actual transmission of Msg3 can be based on n+k2+Δ+2μ·Kcell, offset + time-offset, where:
[0871] n is the slot where UE receives a PDSCH with a RAR message ending;
[0872] k2 and Δ are provided in TS 38.214;
[0873] Kcell, offset is provided by cellSpecificKoffset if available; otherwise, Kcell, offset = 0.
[0874] The base station may configure a set of time-offset values via SIB1 / SIB19 or other system information and / or use a field within RAR (new or reused) to indicate one value from this set of time offset values. The field can be a new field or re-used current field within a RAR message.
[0875] The reused RAR field may comprise at least one of:
[0876] 1. PUSCH time resource allocation
[0877] 2. PUSCH frequency resource allocation
[0878] 3. MCS
[0879] 4. ChannelAccess-CPext
[0880] 5. TPC command for PUSCH
[0881] Example: With 4 time-offset values configured via SIB1 / SIB19, 2 MSB bits of MCS are used to indicate the chosen value.
[0882] Method 4: A rule can be defined for Msg3 transmission scheduled by RAR:
[0883] If the starting point symbol is in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time:
[0884] 1. UE doesn't transmit the corresponding Msg3, or
[0885] 2. Msg3 transmission is postponed to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg2
[0886] The starting point of Msg3 transmission would be the first slot / available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time. An available slot is defined as having the same SLIV and no symbol indicated by the SLIV colliding with SSB, RO, or system information.
[0887] The embodiment provides an enhanced random access procedure for NTN and optimizes the timing of subsequent random access signaling messages (particularly Msg3) in NTN scenarios, considering beam or satellite beam on-duration times.
[0888] Embodiment 7: Time relationship between Msg4 and HARQ-ACK of Msg4
[0889] With reference to FIG. 30, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0890] The base station 20a transmits to the UE 10 configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication and transmits Msg4 in a random access procedure. The UE 10 receives the configuration information and the Msg4.
[0891] The UE 10 determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a transmission time for a HARQ-ACK of Msg4. If the determined transmission time falls within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, the UE 10 postpones the HARQ-ACK transmission to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.
[0892] The base station 20a determines, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a transmission time for a HARQ-ACK of Msg4. If the determined transmission time falls within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, the base station 20a postpones the HARQ-ACK transmission to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.
[0893] This disclosure proposes a methodology to define the time relationship between Msg4 and its HARQ-ACK PUCCH, considering DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration for the starting point of the HARQ-ACK PUCCH. A postponement rule for the HARQ-ACK PUCCH of Msg4 is proposed.
[0894] Current specifications define the RACH access procedure timeline as follows:
[0895] 1. UE transmits RACH preamble to gNB
[0896] 2. Ra-ResponseWindow starts
[0897] 3. UE monitors for Random Access Response (RAR) during RAR window
[0898] 4. Upon correct RAR detection, UE transmits Msg3 based on the grant within RAR
[0899] 5. UE receives Msg4 during ra-contentionResolutionTimer
[0900] 6. Upon correct Msg4 reception, UE transmits HARQ-ACK for Msg4
[0901] However, satellite capability limitations restrict the number of simultaneously activated satellite beams, necessitating TDM-based operation. During "on duration time or on-duration time, " of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, UE / base station can transmit / receive information on the activated set of satellite beams. During a "idle time" of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, base station / UE can not transmit / receive information.
[0902] This TDM-based satellite beam activation / illumination differs from Rel-18 cell DTX / DRX configuration for network power saving. During cell / beam DTX / DRX / beam hopping idle time, gNB / UE cannot receive or transmit any signaling / data (e.g., PRACH, RAR, Msg3, Msg4, Msg5, system information, PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, SPS and CG, etc. ) .
[0903] If the starting point of the HARQ-ACK PUCCH for Msg4 falls within a beam / satellite beam idle time, UE cannot transmit the HARQ-ACK to gNB. This prevents base station from determining whether the UE received Msg4 correctly, potentially delaying dedicated RRC configuration for the UE.
[0904] To address this issue, the following method is proposed:
[0905] Define a rule: When a UE transmits HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH and the starting point symbol of the PUCCH is located in a beam / satellite idle time, the UE should postpone the HARQ-ACK transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4. The starting point of the HARQ-ACK PUCCH would be the first PUCCH within the beam / satellite beam on-duration time.
[0906] The embodiment provides an enhanced RACH procedure for NTN and optimizes the timing relationship between Msg4 and its HARQ-ACK in NTN scenarios, considering DTX / DRX or beam hopping configurations.
[0907] Embodiment 8: Time relationship between MsgB and HARQ-ACK feedback of MsgB
[0908] With reference to FIG. 31, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0909] The base station 20a transmits, through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, to a user equipment (UE) information related to timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for a Message B (MsgB) . The UE 10 receives the information related to timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B.
[0910] The UE 10 determines, based on the received information, whether and when to transmit the HARQ-ACK feedback, and transmits the HARQ-ACK feedback according to the determination.
[0911] The base station 20a determines, based on the received information, whether and when to receives the HARQ-ACK feedback and receives the HARQ-ACK feedback according to the determination.
[0912] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the base station transmits a random access response (RAR) message to a user equipment (UE) , wherein the RAR message includes a one-bit indicator to signify whether postponement of a subsequent HARQ-ACK feedback for theMessage B (MsgB) is required, the one-bit indicator having a first value indicates the postponement is not required, and having a second value indicates the postponement is required. The UE receives the RAR.
[0913] The UE transmits, when postponement is required, the HARQ-ACK feedback at a starting point corresponding to a first Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB. The base station receives, when postponement is required, the HARQ-ACK feedback at a starting point corresponding to a first Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.
[0914] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the base station transmits a downlink control information (DCI) including a table index, wherein the table index points to an entry of a Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) table, and the entry indicates whether postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B (MsgB) is required. The UE receives the DCI.
[0915] The UE postpones transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB when postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB is required. The base station receives the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB postponed to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB when postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB is required.
[0916] The base station transmits a random access response (RAR) message, wherein the RAR message comprises a field that indicates a time-offset for HARQ-ACK feedback transmission for the Message B (MsgB) . The UE receives the RAR.
[0917] The UE transmits HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB at a feedback time. The base station receives the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB at a feedback time. The feedback time is determined based a reference slot and the time-offset, and the reference slot is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset.
[0918] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE performs:
[0919] determining a reference slot for Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission of HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B (MsgB) , the reference slot is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset; determining whether a starting point symbol for the HARQ-ACK feedback transmission is located in a beam or satellite idle time after the reference slot; and
[0920] based on the determination that the starting point symbol is in the beam or satellite idle time, performing one of:
[0921] a) not transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB, or
[0922] b) postponing transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.
[0923] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the base station performs:
[0924] determining whether a starting point symbol for the HARQ-ACK feedback transmission responding the Message B (MsgB) is located in a beam or satellite idle time after the reference slot, wherein a reference slot for Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset; and
[0925] based on the determination that the starting point symbol is in the beam or satellite idle time, performing one of:
[0926] a) skipping reception of the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB, or
[0927] b) postponing reception of the HARQ-ACK feedback to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.
[0928] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the base station transmits to the UE a configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values and a downlink control information (DCI) scrambled by a Message B-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (MsgB-RNTI) , wherein the DCI comprises a field that indicates, among the set of candidate time-offset values, a time-offset for HARQ-ACK feedback transmission for the message B (MsgB) . The UE receives the configuration and the DCI.
[0929] The configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values is conveyed in System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , or Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. The UE determines, based on the indicated time-offset, a transmission time for the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB. The configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values is conveyed in System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , or Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.
[0930] This disclosure proposes a methodology to define the time relationship between MsgB and its HARQ-ACK PUCCH, considering DTX / DRX / beam hopping configuration for the starting point of the HARQ-ACK PUCCH. An offset-time or postponement rule between MsgB and its HARQ-ACK PUCCH is proposed.
[0931] Current specifications define the type-2 random access procedure timeline as follows:
[0932] 1. UE transmits RACH preamble and PUSCH (MsgA) to gNB.
[0933] 2. UE attempts to detect DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by MsgB-RNTI during a window controlled by higher layers.
[0934] 3. After receiving MsgB within the MsgB-ResponseWindow, UE transmits HARQ-ACK on PUCCH.
[0935] PUCCH resource and timing are indicated in the successRAR, with specific parameters defined in TS 38.214 and TS 38.321.
[0936] However, satellite capability limitations restrict the number of simultaneously activated satellite beams, necessitating TDM-based operation. During "on duration time or on-duration time, " of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, UE / base station can transmit / receive information on the activated set of satellite beams. During a "idle time" of a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell, base station / UE can not transmit / receive information.
[0937] If the starting point of the HARQ-ACK PUCCH for MsgB falls within a beam / satellite beam idle time, UE cannot transmit the HARQ-ACK to gNB. This prevents base station from determining whether the UE received MsgB correctly, potentially delaying dedicated RRC configuration for the UE.
[0938] To address this issue, the following methods are proposed:
[0939] Method 1: Use 1 bit in RAR to indicate whether the HARQ-ACK of MsgB should be postponed:
[0940] · "0" : No postponement required
[0941] · "1" : Postpone to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after MsgB
[0942] The first PUCCH within the beam / satellite beam on-duration time can be used for HARQ-ACK transmission.
[0943] Variation: When UE has DTX / DRX / beam hopping enabled, use the reserved 1 bit in successRAR (defined in TS 38.321) for this indication.
[0944] Method 2: TDRA may be used to indicate whether HARQ-ACK of MsgB needs postponement by adding a column to the TDRA table.
[0945] Example: "Table 5.1.2.1.1-2" (defined in TS 38.214) may be modified by adding a column to "Default PDSCH time domain resource allocation A for normal CP" :
[0946] · "0" : No postponement required
[0947] · "1" : Postpone to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after MsgB
[0948] The first PUCCH within the beam / satellite beam on-duration time can be used for HARQ-ACK transmission.
[0949] Table 4: Default PDSCH time domain resource allocation A for normal CP and HARQ-ACK postpone
[0950] Note that others default PDSCH time domain resource allocation table (Table 5.1.2.1.1-3, Table 5.1.2.1.1-4, Table 5.1.2.1.1-5) defined in TS 38.213 can be re-used the same way.
[0951] Method 3: A field within RAR may be used to indicate a time offset for HARQ-ACK of MsgB transmission. The actual transmission location of HARQ-ACK of MsgB can be based on n+k+Δ+2μ·Kcell, offset + time-offset, where:
[0952] · n is the slot where UE receives a PDSCH with a RAR message ending slot.
[0953] · k is from:
[0954] o {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} for μ≤3
[0955] o {7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32} for μ = 5
[0956] o {13, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64} for μ = 6
[0957] · Δ is defined for PUSCH transmission in Table 6.1.2.1.1-5 of TS 38.214
[0958] · μ is the SCS configuration of the active UL BWP
[0959] · Kcell, offset is provided by cellSpecificKoffset if available; otherwise, K1 = 0
[0960] This applies when UE attempts to detect a DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by a corresponding MsgB-RNTI during a window controlled by higher layers, in response to:
[0961] · A transmission of a PRACH and a PUSCH, or
[0962] · A transmission of only a PRACH if the PRACH preamble is mapped to a valid PUSCH occasion.
[0963] In some embodiments, a set of time-offset values may be configured via SIB1 / SIB19 or other system information. Use a field within an enhanced successRAR to indicate one value from this set, as shown in FIG. 33.
[0964] In some embodiments, when N bits within the successRAR indicate the time-offset:
[0965] · N + R1 = 8 bits
[0966] · N + R1 + R + HARQ Feedback Timing Indicator + TPC + Channel Access-CPext = 16 bits
[0967] In some embodiments, in a successRAR MAC-CE with only one R field (reserved bits) : N + R + HARQ Feedback Timing Indicator + TPC + Channel Access-CPext = 16 bits
[0968] Method 4: A rule is defined for HARQ-ACK PUCCH of MsgB transmission:
[0969] If the starting point symbol is located in a beam / satellite idle time after the reference slot for PUCCH transmission (having duration Tslot) , where the slot is determined as n+k+Δ+2μ·Kcell, offset, then:
[0970] · UE doesn't transmit the corresponding HARQ-ACK PUCCH of MsgB; and / or
[0971] · The HARQ-ACK PUCCH of MsgB transmission is postponed to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after MsgB.
[0972] The first PUCCH within the beam / satellite beam on-duration time can be used for HARQ-ACK transmission.
[0973] Method 5: A field in a MsgB-RNTI scrambled DCI is used to indicate the time-offset for HARQ-ACK PUCCH of MsgB transmission. Candidate time-offset values can be configured via SIB1 / SIB19 or other RRC signaling. A field in the DCI can be used to indicate one value from the candidates. Field size = ceil (log2 (number of candidate time-offset values) ) .
[0974] The embodiment provides enhanced HARQ-ACK feedback for NTN and optimizes the timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for Message B (MsgB) in NTN scenarios, considering beam or satellite beam on-duration times.
[0975] Embodiment 9: Impact on Initial Access with Extended SSB Periodicity
[0976] With reference to FIG. 32, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[0977] The base station 20a transmits configuration information including synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam hopping configuration parameters through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication to the UE 10. The UE 10 receives the configuration information.
[0978] In some embodiments of the disclosure, wherein the parameters are conveyed in system information the parameters comprises at least one of:
[0979] BeamHop-ondurationtimer;
[0980] BeamHopperiodicity;
[0981] Beamhoppingstatingpoint;
[0982] Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint;
[0983] BeamIndex; or
[0984] BeamHopconfigindex.
[0985] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the configuration information includes an indicator of a table to be used, and the table comprises a first mapping table or an enhanced mapping table for extended SS / PBCH block periodicity.
[0986] In some embodiments of the disclosure, either or both of the UE and the base station perform:
[0987] mapping a synchronization signal block (SSB) to one or more valid RACH occasions (RO) when extended SSB periodicity and SBB beam hopping are enabled;
[0988] wherein a valid RO is defined based on whether the UE is provided with time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration; wherein for unpaired spectrum and when the UE is not provided time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration, a RO in a PRACH slot is valid if:
[0989] the RO does not precede an SS / PBCH block in the PRACH slot;
[0990] the RO starts at least N symbols after a last SS / PBCH block reception symbol, where N is provided in a predefined table; and the RO is within a beam, satellite beam, or cell on-duration time;
[0991] wherein for unpaired spectrum and when the UE is provided time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration, a RO in a PRACH slot is valid when the following conditions is met:
[0992] the RO is within uplink (UL) symbols and within a beam, satellite beam, or cell on-duration time.
[0993] This disclosure proposes a methodology to address challenges associated with extended SSB periodicity in satellite communications, including:
[0994] 1. Beam hopping indicated by SIB1 / SIB19
[0995] 2. Re-defined valid RACH occasions (RO)
[0996] 3. A new mapping table between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period
[0997] These proposals aim to achieve full satellite coverage and avoid ambiguity between base station and UE regarding RO locations.Background:
[0998] - New satellite parameter sets (LEO600km Set 1-1 / 1-2 / 1-3) have been adopted.
[0999] - Current coverage is limited (1.5%or 10.02%of beam footprints) .
[1000] - Default 20ms SSB periodicity is insufficient for large satellite beam footprints (up to 1058 for set 1-1 / 1-2 / 1-3) .
[1001] - Extended SSB periodicity needed: 80ms for set 1-1 / 1-3, 640ms for set 1-2.
[1002] To address these issues, beam hopping is proposed, activating different beam sets in a time-division multiplexed (TDM) manner.
[1003] Method 1: Cell-level Beam (SSB) Hopping
[1004] Beam hopping pattern can be indicated via SIB1 / SIB19, including parameters:
[1005] 1. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[1006] 2. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping period. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[1007] 3. Beamhoppingstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[1008] 4. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[1009] 5. BeamIndex: This parameters indicate a beam’s index, the beam can be a satellite / NR beam.
[1010] 6. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[1011] This approach allows UEs to determine the beam hopping pattern, enabling flexible configuration and improving coverage for satellite communications.
[1012] For example, when parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint, and BeamIndex / SSBIndex are configured, UEs can determine the beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodic, starting point within the periodic, beam on duration time) , allowing for flexible configuration.
[1013] Method 2: Beam-level Beam (SSB) Hopping
[1014] The beam hopping pattern in the time domain can be indicated by SIB1 / SIB19. For each beam (SSB) , the beam hopping pattern includes at least one of the following parameters:
[1015] 1. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[1016] 2. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping period. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[1017] 3. Beamhoppingstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[1018] 4. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[1019] 5. BeamIndex: This parameters indicate a beam’s index, the beam can be a satellite / NR beam.
[1020] 6. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[1021] 7. SSBindex; the SSB index can be based on the maximum number of SSB or the SSB index can be based on the actual number of SSB, take S band as an example, the maximum number is 4, then the actual transmission SSB indicate as “0110” , if the SSB index based on maximum number of SSB, then to indicate the SSB index need 2 bits, if the SSB index based on the actual transmission number of SSB, then to indicate SSB index need 1 bit.
[1022] For example, when parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint, and BeamIndex / SSBIndex are configured, UEs can determine the SSB beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodic, starting point within the periodic, beam on duration time) , allowing for flexible configuration.
[1023] Method 3: Beam-group-level Beam hopping
[1024] The beam-group-level based beam hopping pattern in the time domain can be indicated by SIB1 / SIB19. For each beam group, the beam-group-level based beam hopping pattern includes at least one of the following parameters:
[1025] 1. BeamHop-ondurationtimer: This parameter indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity. During beam’s on duration time, UE and / or base station can receive / transmit data (e.g., at least including one of PDSCH, PUSCH, PDCCH, SSB, one or more system information, PRACH, MSG2, MSG3, MSG4, MSG5, MSGA, MSGB, etc. ) . The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[1026] 2. BeamHopperiodicity: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping period. The granularity can be in ms, mini-slot, slot, symbol, subframe or frame.
[1027] 3. Beamhoppingstatingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity.
[1028] 4. Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint: This parameter indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity.
[1029] 5. BeamIndex: This parameters indicate a beam’s index, the beam can be a satellite beam.
[1030] 6. BeamHopconfigindex: This parameter indicates the index of a beam level based beam hopping.
[1031] 7. SSBindex; the SSB index can be based on the maximum number of SSB or the SSB index can be based on the actual number of SSB, take S band as an example, the maximum number is 4, then the actual transmission SSB indicate as “0110” , if the SSB index based on maximum number of SSB, then to indicate the SSB index need 2 bits, if the SSB index based on the actual transmission number of SSB, then to indicate SSB index need 1 bit.
[1032] 8. Beamgroupindex;
[1033] For example, when parameters such as BeamHop-ondurationtimer, Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint, and BeamIndex / SSBIndex are configured, UEs can determine the beam-group-level based beam hopping pattern in the time domain (e.g., periodic, starting point within the periodic, beam on duration time) , allowing for flexible configuration.
[1034] In some embodiments, when SSB periodicity is extended and beam (SSB) hopping is enabled, SSB-to-RO mapping needs redefinition. An SSB should map to one or more valid RACH occasions (RO) . A valid RO is defined as follows:
[1035] For unpaired spectrum:
[1036] 1. if a UE is not provided tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon, a RACH occasion in a PRACH slot is valid if it does not precede a SS / PBCH block in the PRACH slot and starts at least Ngap symbols after a last SS / PBCH block reception symbol and within a beam / satellite beam / cell on duration time, where Ngap is provided in Table 8.1-2 and, if channelAccessMode = "semiStatic" is provided, the RACH occasion does not overlap with a set of consecutive symbols before the start of a next channel occupancy time where the UE does not transmit [15, TS 37.213] .
[1037] the candidate SS / PBCH block index of the SS / PBCH block corresponds to the SS / PBCH block index provided by ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon, as described in clause 4.1 of TS 38.213.
[1038] 2. If a UE is provided tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon, a RACH occasion in a PRACH slot is valid if
[1039] i. it is within UL symbols and within a beam / satellite beam / cell on duration time , or
[1040] ii. it does not precede a SS / PBCH block in the PRACH slot and starts at least Ngap symbols after a last downlink symbol and at least Ngap symbols after a last SS / PBCH block symbol and within a beam / satellite beam / cell on duration time, where Ngap is provided in Table 8.1-2, and if channelAccessMode = "semiStatic" is provided, does not overlap with a set of consecutive symbols before the start of a next channel occupancy time where there shall not be any transmissions, as described in [15, TS 37.213]
[1041] the candidate SS / PBCH block index of the SS / PBCH block corresponds to the SS / PBCH block index provided by ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon, as described in clause 4.1.
[1042] For preamble format B4 [4, TS 38.211] , Ngap=0.
[1043] For paired spectrum,
[1044] a RACH occasion in a PRACH slot is valid if it’s within a beam / satellite beam / cell on duration time.
[1045] When SSB extends beyond 160ms:
[1046] · A new table for "Mapping between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period" is needed
[1047] · If UE is configured for or supports extended default periodicity > 160ms, use the new table (Table 5) for "Mapping between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period"
[1048] · Otherwise, use the legacy Table 8.1-1 for "Mapping between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period" from TS 38.213 (v18.3.0) .
[1049] Table 5: Mapping between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period (enhanced table)
[1050] In some embodiments, base station can indicate which "Mapping between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period" table to use via SIB1 / SIB19. This can be implemented using a single bit:
[1051] Option 1:
[1052] - "1" indicates the enhanced table
[1053] - "0" indicates the legacy table
[1054] Option 2:
[1055] - "0" indicates the enhanced table
[1056] - "1" indicates the legacy table
[1057] This approach eliminates ambiguity between base station and UE regarding which table to use for "Mapping between PRACH configuration period and SS / PBCH block to RACH occasion association period" . It provides a clear, efficient method for the network to specify the appropriate table based on the current configuration and capabilities.
[1058] The embodiment introduces an approach to configure and manage SSB-based or cell-based beam hopping in NTN scenarios.
[1059] Embodiment 10: Paging Missing Notification
[1060] With reference to FIG. 34, a wireless communication method is provided. The method comprises the following steps.
[1061] The base station 20a transmits a paging missing notification or a paging reception notification through a non-terrestrial network (NTN) to the UE 10. The UE 10 receives the paging missing notification or the paging reception notification.
[1062] The paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging message within an associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification. The paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging message within an associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.
[1063] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the paging missing notification or the paging reception notification comprises at least one of:
[1064] a UE-specific sequence;
[1065] a UE group-based sequence;
[1066] a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;
[1067] a UE group-based DCI; and
[1068] a UE common-based DCI for cell-wide notification.
[1069] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) is scrambled with a C-Notification Radio Network Temporary Identifier (CN-RNTI) .
[1070] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE-specific DCI includes a field indicating which specific paging periods were missed within an associated duration.
[1071] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE group-based downlink control information (DCI) is scrambled with a paging missing notification RNTI (PMN-RNTI) or a paging reception notification RNTI (PRN-RNTI) .
[1072] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the UE group-based DCI includes a bitmap indicating which UEs in the group missed a paging message or UEs in the group need to receive paging.
[1073] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification comprises a set of paging periods or frames linked to the paging missing notification; or
[1074] wherein the associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification comprises a set of paging periods or frames linked to the paging reception notification.
[1075] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging period or missed paging frame within the associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification; or
[1076] wherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging period or upcoming paging frame within the associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.
[1077] In some embodiments of the disclosure, a periodicity of the paging missing notification is related to a paging periodicity; or
[1078] a periodicity of the paging reception notification is related to a paging periodicity.
[1079] In some embodiments of the disclosure, he paging missing notification or the paging reception notification comprises a UE-specific sequence; and
[1080] configuration of the UE-specific sequence comprises at least one of:
[1081] a Time-offset, which represents a time offset between a starting point of a first paging period within a set of paging periods and a starting point of a period of the UE-specific sequence;
[1082] NumofPagperiod, which indicates a number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence;
[1083] PeriodofUE-specSequence, which represents the period of the UE specific sequence;
[1084] StartingofUE-specSequence, which indicates a starting point of the UE specific sequence within the period of the UE specific sequence;
[1085] NumSymbofSequence, which represents a number of symbols used for the UE-specific sequence;
[1086] NumRBofSequence, which represent a number of radio blocks used for the UE-specific sequence; or
[1087] PatternofSequence, which represents a pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, including at least one of a consecutive number of UE specific sequence or an interval between two UE specific sequence.
[1088] This disclosure proposes a methodology to notify UEs of missed paging messages. The proposed approach uses either sequence-based or group common DCI-based signaling. This method allows UEs to be informed of missed paging information, enabling users or devices to take appropriate actions (e.g., moving out of a confined space) to improve channel conditions and increase the likelihood of successful paging by the gNB.
[1089] Currently, downlink coverage is a significant challenge in Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) scenarios due to mobility and environmental factors. Users may unknowingly be in poor reception conditions (deep fading, non-line-of-sight situations (NLOS) ) . These conditions can lead to missed paging messages and decreased network capacity. For mobile-terminated communication, users may be unaware of poor channel conditions and miss important calls or messages.
[1090] Current NTN communication has some limitations. Directly improving paging message coverage is challenging due to message size (up to 32*48 =1536 bits as defined in TS 38.331) . Enhancing coverage through methods like repetition would require significant time and frequency resources.
[1091] Embodiments of the disclosure introduce a gNB-controlled simple notification / alert system that is robust even in deep fading conditions. This approach aims to:
[1092] 1. Inform UEs of missed paging messages;
[1093] 2. Allow users or devices to take corrective actions;
[1094] 3. Improve channel conditions; and
[1095] 4. Increase successful paging rates.
[1096] By implementing this notification system, the proposal seeks to address the challenges of paging in NTN scenarios without requiring extensive resources for coverage enhancement of the entire paging message.
[1097] Method 1: Introducing a UE-specific Sequence for Paging Missing Notification
[1098] This method proposes using a UE-specific sequence to notify of missed paging messages. Key features include:
[1099] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1100] - The UE-specific sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1101] - The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1102] 2. Indication Scope:
[1103] - Each sequence indicates at least one paging missing within an associated duration.
[1104] - The associated duration comprises a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE-specific sequence.
[1105] 3. Timing:
[1106] - When a UE receives its specific sequence, it indicates at least one paging was missed during the associated duration.
[1107] - The associated paging periods are located prior to the UE-specific sequence in the time domain.
[1108] 4. Flexibility:
[1109] - Each UE has a corresponding sequence, allowing for individualized notification.
[1110] With reference to FIG. 35, for example, UE-specific sequence period associated with two paging periods:
[1111] UE-specific sequence P1 associated with paging P1 and P2; and
[1112] UE-specific sequence P2 associated with paging P3 and P4.
[1113] As illustrated in FIG. 35:
[1114] - If UE receives its specific sequence in P1, the UE-specific sequence indicates at least one paging / paging frame / paging occasion was missed within paging periods P1 and P2.
[1115] - If UE receives its specific sequence in P2, the UE-specific sequence indicates at least one paging / paging frame / paging occasion was missed within paging periods P3 and P4.
[1116] This approach provides a flexible and efficient method for notifying UEs of missed paging messages, allowing for timely corrective actions to improve reception.
[1117] Note that the time offset in FIG. 35 can be equal to or greater than 0.
[1118] Configuration and Resource Determination:
[1119] In some embodiments, the period of the UE-specific sequence can be configured by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[1120] In some embodiment, the resource for the periodic UE-specific sequence can be determined based on at least one of the following parameters. The parameters can be configured by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information. The parameters comprise:
[1121] 1. Time-offset: Time offset between the starting point of the first paging period within a set of paging periodicity and the starting point of the UE-specific sequence period. The granularity of time offset can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol, or radio frame, where, a set of the paging period is associated to the UE specific sequence.
[1122] 2. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1123] 3. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of the UE specific sequence period can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol or radio frame.
[1124] 4. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1125] 5. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1126] 6. NumRBofSequence: The number of resource blocks (RBs) used for UE-specific sequence.
[1127] 7. PatternofSequence: The pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, including at least one of: consecutive number of UE specific sequence, an interval between two UE specific sequence, where the granularity of the interval can be symbol, slot or a set of symbols.
[1128] In some embodiments, the UE-specific sequence can be a Gold sequence. The sequence can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2.
[1129] c (n) = (x1 (n+NC) +x2 (n+NC) ) mod 2
[1130] x1 (n+31) = (x1 (n+3) +x1 (n) ) mod 2
[1131] x2 (n+31) = (x2 (n+3) +x2 (n+2) +x2 (n+1) +x2 (n) ) mod 2 (2)
[1132] where NC=1600 and the first m-sequence x1 (n) shall be initialized withx1 (0) =1, x1 (n) =0, n=1, 2, ..., 30 . The initialization of the second m-sequence, x2 (n) , is denoted by with the value depending on the application of the sequence.
[1133] where the pseudo-random sequence c (i) is defined in clause 5.2.1 in TS 38.211 (formula 2) . At least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1134] 1. UE-ID;
[1135] 2. Cell-ID;
[1136] 3. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1137] 4. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1138] 5. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of the paging period associated with the UE specific sequence.
[1139] 6. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be slot, msec, symbol or radio frame.
[1140] 7. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1141] 8. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1142] 9. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1143] 10. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1144] Furthermore, this method introduces a UE-specific sequence to notify of paging misses and indicate which specific paging period (s) were missed within an associated duration. Key features include:
[1145] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1146] ● The UE-specific sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1147] ● The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1148] 2. Indication Scope:
[1149] ● Each sequence indicates which paging period (s) were missed within the associated duration.
[1150] ● The associated duration comprises a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE-specific sequence.
[1151] 3. Sequence Variety:
[1152] ● Different UE-specific sequences indicate different missed paging periods within the associated duration.
[1153] ● Each sequence can indicate one or more missed paging period (s) .
[1154] 4. Sequence Configuration:
[1155] ● The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on: a) The number of paging periods b) The paging period index within the associated duration
[1156] With reference to Table 6, for example, using 8 sequences to indicate missed paging periods within an associated duration. When UE received sequence 0, it means the first paging period within the associated duration has been missed, when UE received sequence 1, it means the second paging period within the associated duration has been missed, when UE received sequence 7, it means all of the paging periods within the associated duration have been missed.
[1157] Table 6: Relationship between UE-specific sequences and missed paging period (s)
[1158] This method introduces a UE-specific sequence to notify of paging misses and indicate which specific paging frame (s) were missed within an associated duration. Key features include:
[1159] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1160] ● The UE-specific sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1161] ● The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1162] 2. Indication Scope:
[1163] ● Each sequence indicates which paging frame (s) were missed within the associated duration.
[1164] ● The associated duration comprises a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE-specific sequence.
[1165] 3. Sequence Variety:
[1166] ● Different UE-specific sequences indicate different missed paging frames within the associated duration.
[1167] ● Each sequence can indicate one or more missed paging frame (s) .
[1168] 4. Sequence Configuration:
[1169] ● The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on: a) The number of paging periods b) Paging period index c) The number of paging frames d) Paging frame index within the associated duration
[1170] With reference to Table 7, for example, using 8 sequences to indicate missed paging frames within an associated duration. When UE received sequence 0, it means the first paging frame within the associated duration has been missed. When UE received sequence 1, it means the second paging frame within the associated duration has been missed. When UE received sequence 7, it means all of paging frames within the associated duration have been missed.
[1171] Table 7: Relationship between UE-specific sequences and missed paging frame (s)
[1172] This approach provides a detailed notification system, allowing UEs to identify not just that a paging was missed, but specifically which paging frame (s) were affected. This granularity can help in more targeted corrective actions or troubleshooting, focusing on specific time frames within the paging cycle.
[1173] This approach provides a more detailed notification system, allowing UEs to identify not just that a paging was missed, but specifically which paging period (s) were affected. This granularity can help in more targeted corrective actions or troubleshooting.
[1174] In some embodiments, different sequences can be generated based on different cycle shift value (s) , where the cycle shift value (s) can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE or DCI.
[1175] In some embodiments (Related to 2 “Furthermore within method 1” ) , the difference sequences can be a Gold sequence. The sequences can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2. The pseudo-random sequence c (i) is defined in clause 5.2.1 in TS 38.211 (formula 2) , at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1176] 1. UE-ID;
[1177] 2. Cell-ID;
[1178] 3. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1179] 4. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1180] 5. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE specific sequence.
[1181] 6. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be slot, msec, symbol or radio frame.
[1182] 7. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1183] 8. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1184] 9. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1185] 10. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1186] 11. PagingframeIndex: Paging frame index, the paging frame number within an associated duration.
[1187] 12. PagingPeriodIndex: Paging period index, the paging period number within an associated duration.
[1188] Method 2: UE-specific Sequence with Time Window
[1189] This method introduces a UE-specific sequence to notify of paging misses within a defined time window:
[1190] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1191] - The UE-specific sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1192] - The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1193] 2. Indication Scope:
[1194] - The sequence indicates at least one paging miss within a time window.
[1195] 3. Time Window Definition:
[1196] - Start: T0 = First symbol of received UE-specific sequence period -time-offset
[1197] - Duration: Equal to the UE-specific sequence period
[1198] - Time-offset: Pre-defined or indicated by base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information
[1199] - Time-offset granularity: symbol, second, ms, slot
[1200] Note that UE-specific sequence generation can reuse formulas (1) and (2) .
[1201] Method 3: UE Group-based Sequence
[1202] This method introduces a UE group-based sequence to notify of paging misses for a group of UEs:
[1203] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1204] - The UE group-based sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1205] - The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1206] 2. Indication Scope:
[1207] - The sequence indicates at least one paging miss within an associated duration for the group of UEs.
[1208] - Associated duration: Set of paging period (s) linked to the UE group-based sequence.
[1209] 3. Efficiency:
[1210] - Each set of UEs has a corresponding sequence, reducing signaling overhead.
[1211] With reference to FIG. 36, for example, UE group-based sequence period associated with two paging periods:
[1212] Sequence P1 associated with paging P1 and P2
[1213] Sequence P2 associated with paging P3 and P4
[1214] - If sequence P1 is received: At least one paging / paging frame / paging occasion was missed within P1 and P2 for the group UEs.
[1215] - If sequence P2 is received: At least one paging / paging frame / paging occasion was missed within P3 and P4 for the group UEs.
[1216] This approach provides efficient notification for groups of UEs, balancing individualized information with reduced signaling overhead.
[1217] Note that A time offset in FIG. 36 can be equal to 0 or larger than 0.
[1218] In some embodiments, the period of the UE group-based sequence can be configured by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[1219] In some embodiment, the resource for periodic UE group-based sequence can be determined based on at least one of the following parameters. The parameters can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information.
[1220] 1. Time-offset: Time offset between the starting point of the first paging period within a set of paging periodicity and the starting point of the UE-specific sequence period. The granularity of time offset can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol, or radio frame, where a set of the paging period is associated to the UE specific sequence.
[1221] 2. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of the paging period associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1222] 3. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of the UE specific sequence period can be slot, msec, symbol, or radio frame.
[1223] 4. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE-specific sequence within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1224] 5. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1225] 6. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequences.
[1226] 7. PatternofSequence: The pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, including at least one of: a consecutive number of UE specific sequence, an interval between two UE specific sequences, where the granularity of the interval can be a symbol, slot, or a set of symbols.
[1227] In some embodiments, the UE group based sequence can be a Gold sequence. The sequence can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2, and at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1228] 1. UE-ID;
[1229] 2. Cell-ID;
[1230] 3. UE-group ID;
[1231] 4. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1232] 5. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1233] 6. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1234] 7. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol, or radio frame.
[1235] 8. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE-specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1236] 9. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE-specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1237] 10. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1238] 11. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1239] Further Enhancement: UE Group-based Sequence with Specific Paging Period Indication
[1240] Furthermore, this method introduces a UE group-based sequence to notify of paging misses and indicate which specific paging period (s) were missed within an associated duration for a group of UEs:
[1241] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1242] ● The UE group-based sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1243] ● The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1244] 2. Indication Scope:
[1245] ● Each sequence indicates which paging period (s) were missed within the associated duration.
[1246] ● Associated duration: Set of paging period (s) linked to the UE group-based sequence.
[1247] 3. Sequence Variety:
[1248] ● Different UE group-based sequences indicate different missed paging periods within the associated duration.
[1249] ● Each sequence can indicate one or more missed paging period (s) .
[1250] 4. Sequence Configuration:
[1251] ● The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on: a) The number of paging periods b) The paging period index within the associated duration
[1252] With reference to Table 8, for example, using 8 sequences to indicate missed paging periods within an associated duration for a group of UEs. When a set of UE received sequence 0, it means the first paging period within the associated duration has been missed. When a set of UE received sequence 1, it means the second paging period within the associated duration has been missed. When a set of UE received sequence 7, it means all of the paging periods within the associated duration have been missed. Table 8: Relationship between UE group-based sequences and missed paging period (s)
[1253] This approach provides a detailed notification system for groups of UEs, allowing them to identify which specific paging period (s) were affected. It balances the need for detailed information with the efficiency of group-based signaling, potentially reducing overall signaling overhead while still providing actionable information to UEs.
[1254] Further Enhancement: UE Group-based Sequence with Specific Paging Frame Indication
[1255] Furthermore, this method introduces a UE group-based sequence to notify of paging misses and indicate which specific paging frame (s) were missed within an associated duration for a group of UEs:
[1256] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1257] ● The UE group-based sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1258] ● The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1259] 2. Indication Scope:
[1260] ● Each sequence indicates which paging frame (s) were missed within the associated duration.
[1261] ● Associated duration: Set of paging period (s) linked to the UE group-based sequence.
[1262] 3. Sequence Variety:
[1263] ● Different UE group-based sequences indicate different missed paging frames within the associated duration.
[1264] ● Each sequence can indicate one or more missed paging frame (s) .
[1265] 4. Sequence Configuration:
[1266] ● The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on: a) The number of paging periods b) Paging period index c) The number of paging frames d) Paging frame index within the associated duration
[1267] With reference to Table 9, for example, using 8 sequences to indicate missed paging frames within an associated duration for a group of UEs. When a set of UE received sequence 0, it means the first paging frame within the associated duration has been missed. When a set of UE received sequence 1, it means the second paging frame within the associated duration has been missed. When a set of UE received sequence 7, it means all of paging frames within the associated duration have been missed.
[1268] Table 9: Relationship between UE group-based sequences and missed paging frame (s)
[1269] This approach provides a detailed notification system for groups of UEs, allowing them to identify which specific paging frame (s) were affected. It offers granular information about missed paging opportunities while maintaining the efficiency of group-based signaling, potentially reducing overall signaling overhead while still providing actionable information to UEs.
[1270] In some embodiments, different UE group-based sequences can be generated based on different cycle shift value (s) , where the cycle shift value (s) can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[1271] In some embodiments (Related to 2 “Furthermore within Method 3” ) , the difference sequences can be a Gold sequence. The sequences can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2. The pseudo-random sequence c (i) is defined in clause 5.2.1 in TS 38.211 (formula 2) , at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1272] 1. UE-ID;
[1273] 2. Cell-ID;
[1274] 3. UE-group ID;
[1275] 4. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1276] 5. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1277] 6. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1278] 7. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol, or radio frame.
[1279] 8. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE-specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1280] 9. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE-specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1281] 10. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1282] 11. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1283] 12. PagingframeIndex: Paging frame index, the paging frame number within an associated duration.
[1284] 13. PagingPeriodIndex: Paging period index, the paging period number within an associated duration.
[1285] In some embodiments, different UE group-based sequences can be used to indicate paging missing notifications for different groups of UEs. The relationship between different UE group-based sequences and UE groups can be configured by base station via RRC or MAC-CE, or the relationship between different UE group based sequences and UE groups can be pre-defined. Table 10 is an example with 4 sequences used to notify paging missing for 4 group UEs.
[1286] Table 10: the relationship between UE group-based sequence and UE groups
[1287] Method 4: UE Group-based Sequence with Time Window
[1288] This method introduces a UE group-based sequence to notify of paging misses within a defined time window for a set of UEs:
[1289] 1. Periodic Transmission:
[1290] - The UE group-based sequence is transmitted periodically.
[1291] - The period is related to the paging periodicity (e.g., equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1292] 2. Indication Scope:
[1293] - The sequence indicates at least one paging miss within a time window for a set of UEs.
[1294] 3. Time Window Definition:
[1295] - Start: T0 = First symbol of received UE group-based sequence period -time-offset
[1296] - Duration: Equal to the UE group-based sequence period
[1297] - Time-offset: Pre-defined or indicated by base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information
[1298] - Time-offset granularity: symbol, second, ms, or slot
[1299] Note that UE group-based sequence generation can reuse formulas (1) and (2) .
[1300] Method 5: UE-specific DCI for Paging Miss Notification
[1301] This method uses a UE-specific DCI to notify of paging misses:
[1302] 1. DCI Type:
[1303] - Can be a scheduling data DCI or non-scheduling data DCI
[1304] - Scrambled with a CN-RNTI (C-Notification RNTI)
[1305] 2. Notification Trigger:
[1306] - When a UE correctly decodes a CN-RNTI scrambled DCI, it indicates at least one paging located prior to the UE-specific DCI was missed.
[1307] 3. DCI Field Considerations:
[1308] Special states for various fields can be used to indicate paging miss:
[1309] - HARQ process ID: all "0"
[1310] - FDRA: all "0"
[1311] - RV: all "0"
[1312] - MCS: all "0"
[1313] - TDRA: all "0"
[1314] These methods provide alternative approaches to notifying UEs of missed paging messages, either through group-based sequences with time windows or UE-specific DCI. The choice between methods can depend on network configuration and specific use case requirements.
[1315] Enhanced UE-specific DCI for Detailed Paging Miss Notification:
[1316] Furthermore, this method introduces a UE-specific DCI to notify of paging misses with the ability to indicate which specific paging period (s) or frame (s) were missed within an associated duration. For paging period indication, the associated duration is a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE-specific DCI. A field within the DCI, sized to match the maximum number of paging periods within the associated duration, uses a bitmap to indicate missed periods. The size of the field within the DCI can be equal to the maximum number of the paging period within the associated duration. A bitmap can be used to indicate which paging periods were missed, e.g., a bit indicate as 1, then means the corresponding paging period was missed, or a bit indicate as 0, then means the corresponding paging frame was missed. At least one of the following fields within a DCI can be used to indicate which paging period is missed.
[1317] HARQ process ID;
[1318] FDRA ;
[1319] RV;
[1320] MCS; and / or
[1321] TDRA.
[1322] Similarly, for paging frame indication, the associated duration comprises paging frame (s) linked to the DCI, with a field indicating missed frames via bitmap. A field within the DCI can be used to indicate difference paging frame within the associated duration was missed. The size of the field within the DCI can be equal to the maximum number of paging frame within the associated duration. A bitmap can be used to indicate which paging frame (s) were missed. For example, a bit indicates “1” , it means the corresponding paging frame was missed, or a bit indicates “0” , it means the corresponding paging frame was missed. At least one of the following fields within a DCI can be used to indicate which paging frame is missed.
[1323] HARQ process ID;
[1324] FDRA ;
[1325] RV;
[1326] MCS; and / or
[1327] FDRA.
[1328] In both cases, a bit value of "1" signifies a missed paging period or frame, while "0" indicates successful reception. Various DCI fields can be reused for this indication, including HARQ process ID, FDRA, RV, MCS, and TDRA.
[1329] The general UE-specific DCI notification can be either scheduling data DCI or non-scheduling data DCI, scrambled with a CN-RNTI (C-Notification RNTI) . When a UE correctly decodes a CN-RNTI scrambled DCI, it understands that at least one paging message located prior to this UE-specific DCI was missed.
[1330] This enhanced approach provides granular information about missed paging opportunities, allowing UEs to identify specific paging periods or frames affected. It leverages existing DCI fields, potentially minimizing structural changes while offering valuable information to UEs for improved paging reliability and network efficiency.
[1331] Method 6: UE Group-based DCI for Paging Miss Notification
[1332] This method introduces a UE group-based DCI to notify paging misses for a set of UEs. The DCI is scrambled with a Paging Missing Notification RNTI (PMN-RNTI) . When a group of UEs correctly decodes a PMN-RNTI scrambled DCI, the group of UEs understand that at least one paging message located prior to this group common DCI was missed.
[1333] The payload size of the DCI is configurable by the base station via RRC or MAC-CE, typically equaling the number of UEs within a group. Each UE's starting position within the DCI bit block is configured by the base station via RRC. Individual bits within the DCI notify each UE whether it has missed a paging or set of pagings. A bit state of "0" indicates a missed paging, while "1" signifies no missed paging for the corresponding UE.
[1334] For example, in a group of 8 UEs, the DCI would require 8 bits. If the DCI indicates "00010111" , it means {UE4, UE6, UE7, UE8} have missed a paging or set of paging messages, as illustrated in FIG. 37.
[1335] This approach allows for efficient group-based notification of missed paging messages, reducing signaling overhead while still providing individualized information to each UE within the group. It offers a balance between the need for specific paging miss information and the desire to minimize network resource usage in paging procedures.
[1336] Further enhancement: Enhanced UE Group-based DCI for Detailed Paging Miss Notification
[1337] Furthermore, this method expands on the UE group-based DCI approach to provide more granular information about missed paging periods within an associated duration. The DCI is scrambled with a PMN-RNTI (Paging Missing Notification RNTI) . When a group of UEs correctly decodes this DCI, they can determine which specific paging periods within the associated duration were missed.
[1338] The DCI payload size is configurable by the base station via RRC, typically calculated as (size of UE group) * (number of paging periods within the associated duration) . Each UE's starting position within the DCI bit block is configured by the base station via RRC. A bitmap structure is used within each UE's bit block to indicate missed paging periods.
[1339] With reference to FIG. 38, for instance, in a group of 8 UEs with 4 paging periods per associated duration, the DCI would require 32 bits. If the third payload (bit block) in the DCI shows "0010" , it indicates that UE3 missed the fourth paging period within the associated duration.
[1340] This enhanced approach allows for efficient group-based notification while providing detailed information about missed paging periods. It strikes a balance between minimizing signaling overhead and offering precise paging miss information to each UE within the group, potentially improving the overall efficiency of paging procedures in the network.
[1341] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE Group-based DCI for Paging Frame Notification
[1342] This method further refines the UE group-based DCI approach to indicate which specific paging frame (s) were missed within an associated duration. The DCI is scrambled with a PMN-RNTI (Paging Missing Notification RNTI) . When a group of UEs correctly decodes this DCI, they can determine which paging frames within the associated duration were missed.
[1343] The DCI payload size, configurable by the base station via RRC, is typically calculated as (size of UE group) * (number of paging frames within the associated duration) . Each UE's starting position within the DCI bit block is configured by the base station via RRC. A bitmap structure within each UE's bit block indicates missed paging frames.
[1344] Method 7: UE Common-based DCI for Cell-wide Paging Miss Notification
[1345] This method introduces a UE common-based DCI to notify paging misses for all UEs within a cell. The DCI is scrambled with a PMN-RNTI, whose value can be pre-defined or indicated by the base station via system information, typically chosen from the range FFF3-FFFB.
[1346] In some implementations, this common DCI can also indicate which paging period or frame within an associated duration was missed for all UEs in the cell. The DCI payload size in this case would equal the number of paging periods or frames within the associated duration.
[1347] These approaches offer flexible solutions for notifying UEs of missed paging messages, ranging from group-specific to cell-wide notifications. They provide varying levels of granularity in identifying missed paging opportunities, allowing network operators to balance between detailed notifications and efficient use of signaling resources.
[1348] Embodiment 11: Notifying UEs to Receive Paging Information
[1349] This disclosure proposes a methodology to notify UEs about upcoming paging information using sequence-based or group-common DCI-based signaling. This approach allows UEs and users to prepare for incoming paging messages, potentially improving reception conditions and increasing successful paging rates.
[1350] Currently, downlink coverage is a significant challenge in Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) scenarios due to mobility and environmental factors. Users may unknowingly be in poor reception conditions (deep fading, non-line-of-sight situations) , leading to missed paging messages and decreased network capacity. For mobile-terminated communication, users might miss important calls or messages due to poor channel conditions.
[1351] Current NTN communication has some limitations. Directly improving paging message coverage is challenging due to message size (up to 32*48 =1536 bits as defined in TS 38.331) . Enhancing coverage through methods like repetition would require significant time and frequency resources, which is impractical in poor channel conditions typical of NTN scenarios.
[1352] Embodiments of the disclosure introduce a gNB-controlled simple notification or alert system that is robust even in deep fading conditions. This approach aims to:
[1353] 1. Inform UEs of upcoming paging messages
[1354] 2. Allow users or devices to take preparatory actions (e.g., moving to a better location)
[1355] 3. Improve channel conditions before paging transmission
[1356] 4. Increase successful paging rates
[1357] By implementing this notification system, the proposal seeks to address the challenges of paging in NTN scenarios without requiring extensive resources for coverage enhancement of the entire paging message.
[1358] Method 1: UE-Specific Sequence for Paging Reception Notification
[1359] This method introduces a UE-specific sequence to notify of upcoming paging messages. The sequence is transmitted periodically, with its period related to the paging periodicity (equal to or a multiple of the paging period) . It indicates at least one paging reception within an associated duration, which comprises a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE-specific sequence.
[1360] When a UE receives its specific sequence, it signifies that at least one paging message needs to be received during the associated duration following the sequence. This approach provides each UE with a corresponding sequence for paging notification, offering flexible indication.
[1361] With reference to FIG. 39, for example, consider a UE-specific sequence period associated with two paging periods (Pi and Pi+1) . When a UE receives its specific sequence in period P1, it indicates that at least one paging within Pi and Pi+1 needs to be received by the UE.
[1362] Time offset considerations:
[1363] 1. The base station can indicate a time offset between the start of a UE-specific sequence period and the associated duration via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[1364] 2. A pre-defined time offset can be used between these points.
[1365] 3. Alternatively, the time offset can be measured from the last symbol of the received UE-specific sequence to the start of the associated duration.
[1366] 4. This offset can also be pre-defined.
[1367] In all cases, the granularity of the time offset can be in seconds, milliseconds, mini-slot, slots, or symbols.
[1368] This method provides a flexible approach to notifying UEs of upcoming paging messages, allowing them to prepare for reception and potentially improving paging success rates in challenging network conditions.
[1369] Note that a time offset in FIG. 39 can be equal to 0 or larger than 0. The granularity can be msec, sec, symbol, or slot
[1370] In some embodiments, the period of the UE-specific sequence can be configured by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI.
[1371] In some embodiment, the resource for the periodic of UE-specific sequence can be determined based on at least one of the following parameters. The parameters can be configured by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information. The parameters comprise:
[1372] 1. Time-offset: Time offset between the starting point of the first paging period within a set of paging periods and the starting point of the UE-specific sequence period. The granularity of time offset can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol or radio frame, where a set of the paging period is associated to the UE specific sequence.
[1373] 2. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1374] 3. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of the UE specific sequence period can be slot, msec, symbol, or radio frame.
[1375] 4. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1376] 5. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1377] 6. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1378] 7. PatternofSequence: The pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, including at least one of: consecutive number of UE specific sequence, an interval between two UE specific sequence, where the granularity of the interval can be symbol, slot, or a set of symbols.
[1379] In some embodiments, the UE specific sequence can be a Gold sequence. The sequence can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2.
[1380] c (n) = (x1 (n+NC) +x2 (n+NC) ) mod 2
[1381] x1 (n+31) = (x1 (n+3) +x1 (n) ) mod 2
[1382] x2 (n+31) = (x2 (n+3) +x2 (n+2) +x2 (n+1) +x2 (n) ) mod2 (2)
[1383] where NC=1600 and the first m-sequence x1 (n) shall be initialized withx1 (0) =1, x1 (n) =0, n=1, 2, ..., 30 . The initialization of the second m-sequence, x2 (n) , is denoted by with the value depending on the application of the sequence.
[1384] The pseudo-random sequence c (i) is defined in clause 5.2.1 in TS 38.211 (formula 2) , at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1385] 1. UE-ID;
[1386] 2. Cell-ID;
[1387] 3. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1388] 4. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1389] 5. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1390] 6. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be slot, msec, symbol or radio frame.
[1391] 7. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1392] 8. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1393] 9. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1394] 10. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1395] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE-Specific Sequence for Detailed Paging Reception Notification
[1396] Furthermore, this method expands on the UE-specific sequence approach to provide more granular information about upcoming paging periods that need to be received within an associated duration. The UE-specific sequence is transmitted periodically, with its period related to the paging period (equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1397] Different UE-specific sequences indicate different paging periods within the associated duration that will need to be received. Each sequence can indicate one or more paging periods requiring reception. The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on factors such as the number of paging periods or the paging period index within the associated duration.
[1398] With reference to Table 11, for example, using 8 sequences to indicate upcoming paging periods within an associated duration:
[1399] Table 11, the relationship between UE-specific sequences and upcoming receiving paging period (s)
[1400] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE-Specific Sequence for Paging Frame Reception Notification
[1401] Furthermore, this method further refines the UE-specific sequence approach to indicate which specific paging frame (s) need to be received within an associated duration. The UE-specific sequence is transmitted periodically, with its period related to the paging period (equal to or a multiple of the paging period) .
[1402] Different UE-specific sequences indicate different paging frames within the associated duration that need to be received. Each sequence can indicate one or more paging frames requiring reception. The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on factors such as:
[1403] ● Number of paging periods;
[1404] ● Paging period index;
[1405] ● Number of paging frames; or
[1406] ● Paging frame index within the associated duration.
[1407] Table 12 shows an example using 8 sequences to indicate upcoming paging frames within an associated duration. When UE received sequence 0, which means the first paging frame within the associated duration needs to receive. When UE received sequence 1, which means the second paging frame within the associated duration need to receive. When UE received sequence 7, which means all of paging frames within the associated duration need to receive.
[1408] Table 12: Relationship between UE-specific sequences and upcoming paging frames
[1409] This approach offers highly detailed notification to UEs about which specific paging frames require attention. It allows for flexible configuration based on network needs and UE capabilities, potentially improving the efficiency of paging procedures and reducing the likelihood of missed paging messages.
[1410] By providing this level of granularity, UEs can precisely prepare for reception during critical paging frames, which is especially valuable in challenging network conditions often encountered in non-terrestrial networks.
[1411] In some embodiments, different sequences can be generated based on different cycle shift value (s) , where the cycle shift value (s) can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE or DCI.
[1412] In some embodiments (Related to 2 “Furthermore within method 1” ) , the difference sequences can be a Gold sequence. The sequences can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2. The pseudo-random sequence c (i) is defined in clause 5.2.1 in TS 38.211 (formula 2) , at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1413] 1. UE-ID;
[1414] 2. Cell-ID;
[1415] 3. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1416] 4. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1417] 5. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE specific sequence.
[1418] 6. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be slot, msec, symbol, or radio frame.
[1419] 7. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1420] 8. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1421] 9. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1422] 10. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1423] 11. PagingframeIndex: Paging frame index, the paging frame number within an associated duration.
[1424] 12. PagingPeriodIndex: Paging period index, the paging period number within an associated duration.
[1425] Method 2: UE-Specific Sequence with Time Window for Paging Reception Notification
[1426] This method uses a periodic UE-specific sequence to indicate paging reception within a time window. The sequence period relates to the paging periodicity (equal to or a multiple of the paging period) . The time window starts at T0, defined as the first symbol of the received sequence period plus a time offset. This offset can be pre-defined or indicated by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information, with granularity in symbols, seconds, milliseconds, mini-slot or slots.
[1427] Note that the UE-specific sequence generation can reuse formulas (1) and (2) .
[1428] Method 3: UE Group-Based Sequence for Paging Reception Notification
[1429] This approach uses a periodic sequence to notify a group of UEs about upcoming paging period (s) . The sequence period relates to the paging period and indicates at least one paging to be received within an associated duration (aset of paging periods linked to the sequence) . This reduces signaling overhead by using one sequence for multiple UEs.
[1430] With reference to FIG. 40. for example, a UE group-based sequence period associated with two paging periods (Pi and Pi+1. When UEs receive the group sequence in period P1, it indicates at least one paging / frame / occasion within Pi and Pi+1 needs to be received by the group.
[1431] In some embodiments, a time-offset between the starting point of a UE group based sequence period and the starting point of the associated duration can be indicated to UE by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI. The granularity of the time-offset can be second, ms, slot and symbol.
[1432] In some embodiments, a pre-defined time-offset between the starting point of a UE group based sequence period and the starting point of the associated duration can be used, the granularity of the time-offset can be second, ms, slot, and symbol.
[1433] In some embodiments, a time-offset between the last symbol of the received UE group based sequence and the starting point of the associated duration can be indicated to UE by the base station via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI, and the granularity of the time-offset can be second, ms, slot, and symbol.
[1434] In some embodiments, a pre-defined time-offset between the last symbol of the received UE group based sequence and the starting point of the associated duration can be used.
[1435] These methods offer flexible approaches to notifying UEs of upcoming paging messages, either individually or in groups, potentially improving paging success rates in challenging network conditions.
[1436] Note that A time offset in FIG. 40 can be equal to 0 or larger than 0, the granularity can be msec, sec, symbol, or slot
[1437] In some embodiments, the period of the UE group based sequence can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE or DCI.
[1438] In some embodiment, the resource for periodic UE group based sequence can be determined based on at least one of the following parameters. The parameters can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information.
[1439] 1. Time-offset: Time offset between the starting point of the first paging period within a set of paging periodicity and the starting point of the UE specific sequence period. The granularity of time offset can be a mini-slot, slot, ms, symbol, or radio frame, where a set of the paging period is associated to the UE specific sequence.
[1440] 2. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence.
[1441] 3. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of the UE specific sequence period can be slot, msec, symbol, or radio frame.
[1442] 4. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE-specific sequence within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1443] 5. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1444] 6. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1445] 7. PatternofSequence: The pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, include at least one of: consecutive number of UE specific sequence, an interval between two UE specific sequence, where the granularity of the interval can be symbol, slot, or a set of symbols.
[1446] In some embodiments, the UE group based sequence can be a Gold sequence. The sequence can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2, and at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1447] 1. UE-ID;
[1448] 2. Cell-ID;
[1449] 3. UE-group ID;
[1450] 4. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1451] 5. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1452] 6. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging period associated to the UE specific sequence.
[1453] 7. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be slot, msec, symbol or radio frame.
[1454] 8. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1455] 9. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE specific sequence in T / F within a period of the UE specific sequence.
[1456] 10. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1457] 11. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1458] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE Group-Based Sequence for Detailed Paging Period Reception Notification
[1459] Furthermore, this method expands the UE group-based sequence approach to provide more granular information about which specific paging periods need to be received within an associated duration. The UE group-based sequence is transmitted periodically, with its period related to the paging period, either equal to or a multiple of it. The associated duration is defined as a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE group-based sequence.
[1460] Different UE group-based sequences are used to indicate various paging periods within the associated duration that will need to be received. Each sequence can indicate one or more paging periods requiring reception. The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on factors such as the number of paging periods or the paging period index within the associated duration.
[1461] Table 13 shows an example of a system using 8 sequences to indicate upcoming paging periods within an associated duration for a group of UEs. When a set of UEs receives sequence 0, it means the first paging period within the associated duration needs to be received. Sequence 1 indicates the second paging period needs reception, and so on, up to sequence 7, which signifies that all paging periods within the associated duration require reception.
[1462] This approach offers a balance between efficient group notification and detailed information about specific paging periods. It allows network operators to provide precise paging instructions to groups of UEs, potentially improving paging success rates while managing signaling overhead in challenging network conditions.
[1463] Table 13, the relationship between UE group-based sequences and upcoming receiving paging period (s)
[1464] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE Group-Based Sequence for Paging Frame Reception Notification
[1465] Furthermore, this method further refines the UE group-based sequence approach to indicate which specific paging frame (s) need to be received within an associated duration. The UE group-based sequence is transmitted periodically, with its period related to the paging period, either equal to or a multiple of it. The associated duration is defined as a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE group-based sequence.
[1466] Different UE group-based sequences are used to indicate various paging frames within the associated duration that will need to be received. Each sequence can indicate one or more paging frames requiring reception. The number of sequences can be configurable or generated based on factors such as the number of paging periods, paging period index, the number of paging frames, or paging frame index within the associated duration.
[1467] Table 14 shows an example of a system using 8 sequences to indicate upcoming paging frames within an associated duration for a group of UEs. When a set of UEs receives sequence 0, it means the first paging frame within the associated duration needs to be received. Sequence 1 indicates the second paging frame needs reception, and so on, up to sequence 7, which signifies that all paging frames within the associated duration require reception.
[1468] This approach offers a highly detailed notification system for groups of UEs, allowing network operators to provide precise paging frame instructions. It balances the need for specific paging information with the efficiency of group-based signaling, potentially improving paging success rates while managing signaling overhead in challenging network conditions typical of non-terrestrial networks.
[1469] Table 14: the relationship between UE group-based sequences and upcoming receiving paging frame (s)
[1470] In some embodiments, different UE group based sequences can be generated based on different cycle shift value (s) , where the cycle shift value (s) can be configured by base station via RRC, MAC-CE or DCI.
[1471] In some embodiments (Related to 2 “Furthermore within Method 3” ) , the difference sequences can be Gold sequences, the sequences can be generated based on formula 1 and formula 2. The pseudo-random sequence c (i) is defined in clause 5.2.1 in TS 38.211 (formula 2) , at least one of the following parameters can be used to initialize the pseudo-random sequence (Cinit) generated.
[1472] 1. UE-ID;
[1473] 2. Cell-ID;
[1474] 3. UE-group ID;
[1475] 4. StartingofPaging: Starting point of paging within a period;
[1476] 5. EndingofPaging: Ending point of paging within a period;
[1477] 6. NumofPagperiod: This parameter indicates the number of paging periods associated with the UE specific sequence.
[1478] 7. PeriodofUE-specSequence: Period of UE specific sequence. The granularity of periodicity of UE specific sequence can be slot, msec, symbol, or radio frame.
[1479] 8. StartingofUE-specSequence: Starting point of a UE-specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1480] 9. EndingofUE-specSequence: Ending point of a UE-specific sequence in T / F within a period of UE-specific sequence.
[1481] 10. NumSymbofSequence: The number of symbols used for UE-specific sequence.
[1482] 11. NumRBofSequence: The number of RBs used for UE-specific sequence.
[1483] 12. PagingframeIndex: Paging frame index, the paging frame number within an associated duration.
[1484] 13. PagingPeriodIndex: Paging period index, the paging period number within an associated duration.
[1485] In some embodiments, different UE group-based sequences can be used to indicate paging reception notification for different groups of UEs. The relationship between different UE group-based sequences and UE groups can be configured by base station via RRC or MAC-CE, or the relationship between different UE group based sequences and UE groups can be pre-defined. Table 15 shows an example with 4 sequences used to notify paging receiving for 4 group UEs.
[1486] Table 15, the relationship between UE group-based sequence and UE groups
[1487] Method 4: UE Group-Based Sequence with Time Window
[1488] This method introduces a periodic UE group-based sequence to notify paging reception within a time window for a set of UEs. The sequence periodicity relates to paging periodicity, being either equal to or a multiple of the paging period. The time window starts at T0, with a duration equal to the sequence period. T0 is calculated as the first symbol of the received sequence plus a time-offset. This time-offset can be pre-defined or indicated by base station via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or system information, with granularity in symbols, seconds, milliseconds, or slots. The UE group-based sequence generation can reuse formulas (1) and (2) .
[1489] Method 5: UE-Specific DCI for Paging Reception Notification
[1490] This approach uses a UE-specific DCI to notify of upcoming paging. The DCI can be either scheduling data DCI or non-scheduling data DCI, scrambled with a CN-RNTI (C-Notification RNTI) . When a UE correctly decodes a CN-RNTI scrambled DCI, it indicates that at least one paging message following the DCI needs to be received. Special states for various DCI fields can be used to indicate paging reception. These fields include HARQ process ID, FDRA, RV, MCS, and TDRA, all of which can be set to "0" to signify paging reception.
[1491] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE-Specific DCI for Detailed Paging Reception Notification
[1492] This method expands the UE-specific DCI approach to provide more granular information about which paging periods within an associated duration need to be received. The associated duration is defined as a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE-specific DCI.
[1493] A field within the DCI is used to indicate different paging periods within the associated duration that will need to be received. The size of this field equals the maximum number of paging periods within the associated duration. A bitmap structure is employed to indicate which paging periods require reception. In this bitmap, a bit value of "1" signifies that the corresponding paging period needs to be received, while a "0" indicates it does not.
[1494] Various existing DCI fields can be reused to convey this paging period information. These fields include the HARQ process ID, Frequency Domain Resource Allocation (FDRA) , Redundancy Version (RV) , Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) , and Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) .
[1495] This enhanced approach allows for precise notification of which paging periods a UE should monitor, potentially improving the efficiency of paging procedures and reducing power consumption in UEs. It provides a balance between detailed paging information and efficient use of existing DCI structures, making it suitable for scenarios where individualized, detailed paging instructions are necessary.
[1496] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE-Specific DCI for Paging Frame Reception Notification
[1497] Furthermore, this method further refines the UE-specific DCI approach to indicate which paging frames within an associated duration need to be received. The associated duration is defined as a set of paging frame (s) linked to the UE-specific DCI.
[1498] A field within the DCI is used to indicate different paging frames within the associated duration that will need to be received. The size of this field equals the maximum number of paging frames within the associated duration. A bitmap structure is employed to indicate which paging frames require reception. In this bitmap, a bit value of "1" signifies that the corresponding paging frame needs to be received, while a "0" indicates it does not.
[1499] Various existing DCI fields can be reused to convey this paging frame information. These fields include the HARQ process ID, Frequency Domain Resource Allocation (FDRA) , Redundancy Version (RV) , and Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) .
[1500] General UE-Specific DCI for Paging Reception Notification
[1501] This approach uses a UE-specific DCI to notify of upcoming paging. The DCI can be either scheduling data DCI or non-scheduling data DCI, scrambled with a CN-RNTI (C-Notification RNTI) . When a UE correctly decodes a CN-RNTI scrambled DCI, it indicates that at least one paging message following the DCI needs to be received.
[1502] These enhancements allow for precise notification of which paging frames a UE should monitor, potentially improving the efficiency of paging procedures and reducing power consumption in UEs. They provide a balance between detailed paging information and efficient use of existing DCI structures, making them suitable for scenarios where individualized, detailed paging instructions are necessary.
[1503] Method 6: UE Group-Based DCI for Paging Reception Notification
[1504] This method introduces a UE group-based DCI to notify a set of UEs about upcoming paging messages. The DCI is scrambled with a Paging Reception Notification RNTI (PRN-RNTI) . When a group of UEs correctly decodes a PRN-RNTI scrambled DCI, they understand that at least one paging message following this group common DCI will need to be received.
[1505] The payload size of the DCI is configurable by the base station via RRC or MAC-CE, typically equaling the number of UEs within a group. Each UE's starting position within the DCI bit block is configured by the base station via RRC. Individual bits within the DCI notify each UE whether it needs to receive a paging or set of paging messages. A bit state of "0" or "1" can indicate the need to receive paging, depending on the configuration.
[1506] With reference to FIG. 37. for example, in a group of 8 UEs, the DCI would require 8 bits. If the DCI indicates "00010111" , it means UEs 4, 6, 7, and 8 will need to receive a paging or set of paging messages.
[1507] This approach allows for efficient group-based notification of upcoming paging messages, reducing signaling overhead while still providing individualized information to each UE within the group. It offers a balance between the need for specific paging reception information and the desire to minimize network resource usage in paging procedures. This method is particularly useful in scenarios where multiple UEs need to be notified simultaneously, such as in broadcast or multicast services in cellular networks.
[1508] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE Group-Based DCI for Detailed Paging Reception Notification
[1509] Furthermore, this method expands on the UE group-based DCI approach to provide more granular information about which specific paging periods within an associated duration need to be received. The DCI is scrambled with a PRN-RNTI (Paging Reception Notification RNTI) . When a group of UEs correctly decodes this DCI, they can determine which paging periods within the associated duration need to be received.
[1510] The DCI payload size is configurable by the base station via RRC, typically calculated as (size of UE group) * (number of paging periods within the associated duration) . Each UE's starting position within the DCI bit block is configured by the base station via RRC. A bitmap structure is used within each UE's bit block to indicate which paging periods need to be received.
[1511] With reference to FIG. 38, for instance, in a group of 8 UEs with 4 paging periods per associated duration, the DCI would require 32 bits. If the third payload (bit block) in the DCI shows "0010" , it indicates that UE3 needs to receive the fourth paging period within the associated duration.
[1512] This enhanced approach allows for efficient group-based notification while providing detailed information about specific paging periods that need to be received. It strikes a balance between minimizing signaling overhead and offering precise paging reception information to each UE within the group, potentially improving the overall efficiency of paging procedures in the network.
[1513] Further Enhancement: Enhanced UE Group-Based DCI for Paging Frame Reception Notification
[1514] Furthermore, this method further refines the UE group-based DCI approach to indicate which specific paging frames within an associated duration need to be received. The DCI is scrambled with a PRN-RNTI (Paging Reception Notification RNTI) . When a group of UEs correctly decodes this DCI, they can determine which paging frames within the associated duration need to be received.
[1515] The associated duration is defined as a set of paging period (s) linked to the UE group-based DCI. The DCI payload size is configurable by the base station via RRC, typically calculated as (size of UE group) * (number of paging frames within the associated duration) . Each UE's starting position within the DCI bit block is configured by the base station via RRC.
[1516] A bitmap structure is used within each UE's bit block to indicate which paging frames need to be received. Each bit or group of bits within the DCI notifies a UE which specific paging frame within the associated duration will need to be received. This approach offers a highly detailed notification system for groups of UEs, allowing them to identify which specific paging frames require attention. It balances the need for precise paging information with the efficiency of group-based signaling, potentially reducing overall signaling overhead while still providing actionable information to UEs. This method is particularly useful in scenarios where network resources need to be optimized while maintaining granular control over paging reception for multiple UEs simultaneously.
[1517] Benefits of Enhanced Paging Alert Service may include:
[1518] 1. Consistent delivery of important information (e.g., emergency alerts, operational updates) despite poor connectivity.
[1519] 2. Enhanced operational efficiency and safety, particularly in remote or inaccessible areas.
[1520] 3. Improved user experience and higher customer satisfaction.
[1521] 4. Reduced downtime and better decision-making based on timely information.
[1522] 5. Strengthen operational resilience and competitive edge in industries reliant on satellite communication.
[1523] Embodiment 12: Determination of reference PDSCH for determining processing procedure time
[1524] Multi-carrier operation is essential for 5G / 6G / next-generation commercial communication networks, aggregating various spectrum resources to provide high data rate and low latency communication.
[1525] Due to limited Time Unit (TU) for Release-18 multi-carrier enhancements, some important use cases were excluded, such as co-scheduled cells with different Subcarrier Spacings (SCSs) and carrier types. Co-scheduled carriers with different SCSs have high commercial demand for operators, e.g., 3.5GHz Time Division Duplex (TDD) + Sub-3GHz Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Frequency Range 1 (FR1) + Frequency Range 2 (FR2) , etc. Currently, the SCS of each carrier or Bandwidth Part (BWP) within co-scheduled carriers is configured independently. Consequently, if a set of carriers is configured with different SCS, they cannot be scheduled by a single Downlink Control Information (DCI) simultaneously, limiting scheduling flexibility.
[1526] To address this, multi-carriers with different SCS / carrier types scheduled via a single DCI can be considered. However, when this is enabled, the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) processing procedure time will vary due to the co-scheduled PDSCHs with different SCS / carrier types. As a result, the current reference PDSCH for PDSCH processing procedure time is no longer suitable.
[1527] This disclosure proposes a methodology to determine a reference PDSCH among a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. This reference PDSCH can be used for PDSCH processing procedure time determination, addressing the challenges posed by multi-carrier operations with different SCS and carrier types.
[1528] If the first uplink symbol of a PUCCH carrying the HARQ-ACK information, as defined by the assigned HARQ-ACK timing K1 and Koffset (if configured) , and the PUCCH resource to be used (including the effect of timing advance) , starts no earlier than symbol L1, then the UE shall provide a valid HARQ-ACK message. L1 is defined as the next uplink symbol with its Cyclic Prefix (CP) starting after Tproc, 1= (N1+d1, 1+d2+d3) (2048+144) ·κ2-μ·TC+Text (Formula 1) after the end of the last symbol of the reference PDSCH carrying the Transport Block (TB) being acknowledged.
[1529] Note that K1 , Koffset, and parameters in Formula 1 are defined in clause 5.3 of Technical Specification (TS) 38.214.
[1530] Method 1: For determining the PDSCH processing procedure time, the reference PDSCH is the one with the largest PDSCH processing procedure time among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs, as indicated in the Downlink Control Information (DCI) format 1_3.
[1531] Method 2: For determining the PDSCH processing procedure time, the reference PDSCH is the one with the largest SCS and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs.
[1532] Method 3: For determining the PDSCH processing procedure time, the reference PDSCH is the one with the smallest SCS and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs.
[1533] Method 4: For determining the PDSCH processing procedure time, the reference PDSCH is the one received in the carrier with the largest carrier index and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs.
[1534] Method 5: For determining the PDSCH processing procedure time, the reference PDSCH is the one received in the carrier with the smallest carrier index and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs.
[1535] In some embodiments:
[1536] 1. When the processing procedure time for one or more PDSCHs is insufficient, the corresponding PDSCHs' HARQ feedback on the PUCCH is "NACK" .
[1537] 2. When the processing time for one or more PDSCHs is less than the duration between the end of the last symbol of the reference PDSCH and the first uplink symbol of the PUCCH, the one or more PDSCHs' HARQ feedback on the PUCCH is "NACK" .
[1538] The embodiment provides flexible reference PDSCH selection. Five methods for selecting the reference PDSCH are provided, accommodating various network configurations and priorities:
[1539] a. Largest PDSCH processing procedure time,
[1540] b. Largest SCS and latest ending time,
[1541] c. Smallest SCS and latest ending time,
[1542] d. Largest carrier index and latest ending time,
[1543] e. Smallest carrier index and latest ending time.
[1544] Embodiment 13: Determination of reference PDSCH within co-scheduled PDSCHs
[1545] Multi-carrier operation is essential for 5G / 6G / next-generation communication commercial networks by aggregating various spectrum resources for providing high data rate and low latency communication. Due to quite limited TU (time unit) for Rel-18 multi-carrier enhancements, some important use cases were excluded from Rel-18, e.g., different SCSs among co-scheduled cells, and different carrier types among co-scheduled cells. Co-scheduled carriers with different SCSs have high commercial needs for operators, e.g., 3.5GHz TDD + Sub-3GHz FDD, FR1 +FR2, etc. In addition, the SCS of each carrier within the co-scheduled carriers or the SCS of BWP of a carrier within the co-scheduled carriers is configured independently, thus, if a set of carriers is configured with different SCS, then the set of carriers can not be scheduled by a single DCI simultaneously, the scheduling flexibility is limited.
[1546] Thus, multi-carriers with different SCS / carrier types scheduled via a single DCI can be considered.
[1547] When a single DCI scheduling multiple carriers with different SCS / carrier types is enabled, the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH ending last s indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. However, when more than one PDSCH with the same ending symbol, due to the SCS / carrier type for the PDSCHs being different, the referent point to determine the PUCCH may be different, it will cause ambiguity between base station and UE, system performance will be decreased. This disclosure proposed the methodology to determine a reference PDSCH within the co-scheduled PDSCHs for the starting point of PUCCH, where the PUCCH is used to carry the HARQ-ACK of the co-scheduled PDSCHs. In this way, the ambiguity of the referent point to determine the PUCCH for HARQ-ACK feedback between the base station and UE can be avoided, thus, system performance can be improved. The following methods can be considered.
[1548] When a single DCI schedules multiple carriers with different SCS / carrier types, the reference PDSCH is typically the one ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. However, when multiple PDSCHs have the same ending symbol due to different SCS / carrier types, the reference point for determining the PUCCH may vary. This can cause ambiguity between the base station and UE, potentially decreasing system performance.
[1549] The embodiment of the disclosure proposes a methodology to determine a reference PDSCH within the co-scheduled PDSCHs for establishing the starting point of the PUCCH, which carries the HARQ-ACK of the co-scheduled PDSCHs. By implementing this approach, the ambiguity in determining the PUCCH reference point for HARQ-ACK feedback between the base station and UE can be avoided, thereby improving system performance. Several methods can be considered to address this issue, which will be outlined in the following sections.
[1550] Method #1: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH with the largest SCS and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700 (defined in TS 38.213) , n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception. Thus, this approach can reduce the HARQ-ACK delay.
[1551] Method #2: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH with the smallest SCS and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception. Thus, the approach can guarantee enough processing time for PDSCH and preparation time for HARQ-ACK.
[1552] Method #3: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH received in the carrier with the largest carrier index and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception.
[1553] Method #4: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH received in the carrier with the smallest carrier index and ending last as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception.
[1554] Method #5: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH can be indicated by base station via DCI format 1_3. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception.
[1555] In some embodiment, a field with 2 bits in DCI format 1_3 can be used to indicate the reference PDSCH, a state of “00” indicates the first PDSCH within the co-scheduled PDSCHs as the reference PDSCH, a state of “01” indicates the second PDSCH within the co-scheduled PDSCHs as the reference PDSCH, and so on.
[1556] In some embodiments, the reference PDSCH within the co-scheduled PDSCHs can be indicated via the TDRA field in DCI.
[1557] Method #6: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH with the largest SCS and starting first as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700 (defined in TS 38.213) , n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception.
[1558] Method #7: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH with the smallest SCS and starting first as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception. Thus, this approach can guarantee enough processing time for PDSCH and preparation time for HARQ-ACK.
[1559] Method #8: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH received in the carrier with the largest carrier index and starting first as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception.
[1560] Method #9: For determining the timing of a PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information corresponding to a set of co-scheduled PDSCHs by a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_3) , the reference PDSCH is the PDSCH received in the carrier with the smallest carrier index and starting first as indicated in the DCI format 1_3 among the set of co-scheduled PDSCHs. After the reference PDSCH is determined, then UE can provide corresponding HARQ-ACK information in a PUCCH transmission within UL slot n+k, where k is a number of slots and is indicated by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator field in the DCI format, if present, or provided by dl-DataToUL-ACK, dl-DataToUL-ACK-r16, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-DCI-1-2-r17, or dl-DataToUL-ACK-v1700, n is the last UL slot for the PUCCH transmission that overlaps with the DL slot for the reference PDSCH reception.
[1561] The embodiment provides methods to consistently determine a single reference PDSCH among co-scheduled PDSCHs and resolves ambiguity in PUCCH timing. The methods addresses the challenge of determining the correct reference point for PUCCH when multiple PDSCHs end at the same time but have different SCS or carrier types.
[1562] With reference to FIG. 41, the UE 100 may include a processor 11a, a memory 12a, and a transceiver 13a. The processor 11a is configured to call and run a computer program stored in the memory 12a, to cause UE 100 in which the processor 11 is installed to execute the disclosed method, steps, and / or functions of a UE. The UE 100 is an example of the UE in the description (e.g., UE 10) . The transceiver 13a may include baseband circuitry and radio frequency (RF) circuitry.
[1563] With reference to FIG. 42, the network node 200 is a network device and may include a processor 21a, a memory 22a, and a transceiver 23a. The processor 21a is configured to call and run a computer program stored in the memory 22a, to cause network node 200 in which the processor 11 is installed to execute the method, steps, and / or functions of a network node. The network node 200 is an example of CN network entity, network node, radio node, the base station, or base station in the description. The transceiver 23a may include baseband circuitry and radio frequency (RF) circuitry.
[1564] With reference to FIG. 43, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides a chip 70 that may correspond to a UE in the embodiments of the disclosure. The chip 70 may implement a corresponding process realized by the UE in various methods of the embodiments of the disclosure. The chip 70 includes a processor 71, and the processor 71 may call and run a computer program from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[1565] Optionally, the chip 70 may also include a memory 72. In particular, the processor 71 may call and run the computer program from the memory 72 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[1566] Moreover, the memory 72 may be a separate device from the processor 71 or may be integrated into the processor 71.
[1567] Optionally, the chip 70 may further include an input interface 73. Note that the processor 71 may control the input interface 73 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain messages or data sent by other devices or chips.
[1568] Optionally, the chip 70 may further include an output interface 74. Note that the processor 71 may control the output interface 74 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output messages or data to other devices or chips.
[1569] With reference to FIG. 44, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides another chip 80 that may correspond to a network device (e.g., CN network entity, network node, radio node, the base station, or gNB) in the description, and the chip 80 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of the disclosure. The chip 80 includes a processor 81, and the processor 81 may call and run a computer program from the memory 82 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[1570] Optionally, the chip 80 may further include a memory 82. In particular, the processor 81 may call and run the computer program from the memory 82 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[1571] Wherein the memory 82 may be a separate device from the processor 81 or may be integrated into the processor 81.
[1572] Optionally, the chip 80 may also include an input interface 83. In particular, the processor 81 may control the input interface 83 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain messages or data sent by other devices or chips.
[1573] Optionally, the chip may further include an output interface 84. In particular, the processor 81 may control the output interface 84 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output messages or data to other devices or chips.
[1574] The embodiment of the present disclosure is a combination of techniques / processes that may be adopted in 3GPP specification to create an end product.
[1575] While the present disclosure has been described in connection with what is considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements made without departing from the scope of the broadest interpretation of the appended claims.
Claims
A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a control signal that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the control signal comprises at least one of:a radio resource control (RRC) signal;a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;a UE-group common DCI;a UE common-based DCI; ora medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .The wireless communication method of claim 2, wherein the UE-specific DCI or UE-group common DCI used to activate or deactivate a beam or beam group based beam hopping configuration comprises a beam index or a beam hopping configuration index.The wireless communication method of claim 2, wherein the beam comprises at least one of:a synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam;a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (RS) -based beam; ora satellite beam.The wireless communication method of claim 2, wherein the configuration comprises one or more parameters of:BeamHop-ondurationtimer;BeamHop-ondurationtimer: ;BeamHopperiodicity;Beamhoppingendingpoint;Beamhoppingstartingpoint;BeamIndex;BeamGroupIndex; andBeamHopconfigindex.The wireless communication method of claim 5, further comprising:determining, by the UE, a beam hopping pattern in a time domain based on at least the beam hopping on-duration timer, the beam hopping periodicity, and the beam hopping starting point.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access response (RAR) window based on:a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set or a first symbol of an earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of a RACH occasion,b) a timing advance (TA) value,c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, andmonitoring for a random access response (RAR) during the RAR window.The wireless communication method of claim 7, further comprising:calculating the starting point of the random access response window as the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive the PDCCH for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value, the deviation value, and a time-offset value.The wireless communication method of claim , wherein the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the RAR window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.The wireless communication method of claim 8, wherein the time-offset value is configured by at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .The wireless communication method of claim 7, further comprising:calculating the reference time T1 as the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set, wherein the first symbol occurs after the reference time T1 and is located within an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell or cell or satellite on-duration time after the reference time T1; andsetting the identified first symbol as the start point of the random access response window.The wireless communication method of claim 7, further comprising:determining a first symbol T1 of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the Random Occasion (RO) corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;calculating the reference time T2 as T1 plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;identifying a first symbol T3 of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:a) the first symbol T3 is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) ,b) the first symbol T3 is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time T2, andc) the first symbol T3 occurs at least one symbol after the reference time T2; andsetting first symbol T3 as the start point of the random access response window.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;transmitting a message 3 (Msg3) in a random access procedure;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a contention resolution timer window based on:a) a first time point corresponding to an end of Msg3 transmission or a second time point after the end of Msg3 transmission, andb) a UE to base station round trip time (RTT) ,monitoring for a contention resolution message during the contention resolution timer window.The wireless communication method of claim 13, further comprising:determining an end of a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission in the random access procedure;determining the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window as a first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission plus the UE to base station round trip time (RTT) plus a time-offset;wherein the UE to base station RTT is a sum of the UE's timing advance value and a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame.The wireless communication method of claim 14, wherein the time-offset is configurable via at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .The wireless communication method of claim 14, wherein a granularity of the time-offset is one of: second, millisecond, slot, or symbol.The wireless communication method of claim 13, further comprising:determining an end of a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission in a random access procedure;determining the second time point as a first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission plus the UE-gNB round trip time (RTT) ;identifying a first symbol of an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time that occurs after the second time point; andsetting the identified first symbol as the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window.The wireless communication method of claim 13, wherein the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the contention resolution timer window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access message B response window based on:a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set,b) a timing advance (TA) value, andc) a deviation value between DL frame and UL frame, andmonitoring for a message B (MsgB) during the random access response window.The wireless communication method of claim 19, further comprising:determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space set (CSS) after the last symbol;calculating a starting point of the message B response window as the first symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value plus a time-offset.The wireless communication method of claim 20, wherein the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the random access response window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.The wireless communication method of claim 20, wherein the time-offset is configured via at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .The wireless communication method of claim 20, wherein a granularity of the time-offset is one of: second, millisecond, slot, or symbol.The wireless communication method of claim 19, further comprising:determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;calculating the reference time point as the last symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value;identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set, wherein:a) the CORESET is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a MsgB Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) , andb) the first symbol occurs after the reference time and is located within an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time; andsetting the identified first symbol as the starting point of the message B response window.The wireless communication method of claim 19, further comprising:determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;identifying a first time point corresponding to a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion;calculating a second time point as the first time point corresponding to the first symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value;identifying a third time point corresponding to a first symbol of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:a) the third time point is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a MsgB Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) ,b) the third time point is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the second time point, andc) the third time point occurs at least one symbol after the second time point; andsetting the third time point as the start of the message B response window.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a random access response (RAR) message through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;determining, based on information associated with the RAR message, whether to adjust transmission timing of a subsequent random access signaling message to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after receiving the RAR; and transmitting the subsequent random access signaling message according to the determined transmission timing.The wireless communication method of claim 26, wherein the RAR includes an indicator for Msg3 transmission, and the method further comprises:determining, based on the indicator, whether to postpone Msg3 transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after receiving the RAR; andtransmitting Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first slot or an available slot of the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when the indicator shows that postponement of Msg3 transmission is required.The wireless communication method of claim 27, wherein the indicator is a single bit in the RAR, with a first value indicating no postponement and a second value indicating postponement is required.The wireless communication method of claim 27, wherein the indicator is provided by a most significant bit of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field in the RAR.The wireless communication method of claim 27, wherein the first available slot is defined as a slot where a Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV) indicated by the RAR message does not collide with a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , a RACH occasion (RO) , system information or DL slot.The wireless communication method of claim 26, wherein the RAR message includes an index to Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) table, wherein the TDRA table includes an additional column indicating whether postponement of a subsequent Msg3 transmission is required, and the method further comprises:postponing a Msg3 transmission to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when an entry of the TDRA table associated with the index shows that postponement of a subsequent Msg3 transmission is required.The wireless communication method of claim 31, wherein the additional column in the TDRA table comprises a one-bit indicator, a first value of the indicator signifying no postponement is required, and a second value signifying postponement is required.The wireless communication method of claim 26, wherein a field within the RAR message indicates a time-offset for a subsequent Msg3 transmission; andwherein a time for the subsequent Msg3 transmission is based on a slot where the UE receives a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) with the RAR message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, a cell-specific K offset, and the time-offset.The wireless communication method of claim 26, further comprising:determining whether a starting point symbol for transmission of the Msg3 is in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, and, when the starting point symbol is in the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, performing, based on a rule, one of:a) not transmitting the Msg3, orb) postponing transmission of the Msg3 to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message.The wireless communication method of claim 34, wherein when transmission of the Msg3 is postponed, the UE transmits the Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message;wherein the available slot is defined as having the same Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV) as indicated in the RAR message, and no symbol indicated by the SLIV collides with a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , a RACH occasion (RO) , system information or DL slot.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, by the UE, configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;receiving Msg4 from a base station in a random access procedure;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a transmission time for a HARQ-ACK of Msg4; andif the determined transmission time falls within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, postponing the HARQ-ACK transmission to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, from a base station through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, information related to timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for a Message B (MsgB) ;determining, based on the received information, whether and when to transmit the HARQ-ACK feedback; andtransmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback according to the determination.The wireless communication method of claim 37, further comprising:receiving a random access response (RAR) message, wherein the RAR message includes a one-bit indicator to signify whether postponement of a subsequent HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B (MsgB) is required, the one-bit indicator having a first value indicates the postponement is not required, and having a second value indicates the postponement is required; andtransmitting, when postponement is required, the HARQ-ACK feedback at a starting point corresponding to a first Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.The wireless communication method of claim 37, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, a downlink control information (DCI) including a table index, wherein the table index points to an entry of a Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) table, and the entry indicates whether postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B (MsgB) is required; andpostponing transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB when postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB is required.The wireless communication method of claim 37, further comprising:receiving a random access response (RAR) message, wherein the RAR message comprises a field that indicates a time-offset for HARQ-ACK feedback transmission for the Message B (MsgB) ; andtransmitting HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB at a feedback time, wherein the feedback time is determined based a reference slot and the time-offset, and the reference slot is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset.The wireless communication method of claim 37, further comprising:determining a reference slot for Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission of HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B (MsgB) , the reference slot is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset; determining whether a starting point symbol for the HARQ-ACK feedback transmission is located in a beam or satellite idle time after the reference slot; andbased on the determination that the starting point symbol is in the beam or satellite idle time, performing one of:a) not transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB, orb) postponing transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.The wireless communication method of claim 37, further comprising:receiving from a base station a configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values;receiving a downlink control information (DCI) scrambled by a Message B-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (MsgB-RNTI) , wherein the DCI comprises a field that indicates, among the set of candidate time-offset values, a time-offset for HARQ-ACK feedback transmission for the message B (MsgB) ;wherein the UE determines, based on the indicated time-offset, a transmission time for the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB;wherein the configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values is conveyed in System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , or Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.A wireless communication method for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving from a base station configuration information including synchronization signal block (SSB) -based or cell-level based beam hopping configuration parameters through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication.The wireless communication method of claim 43, wherein the parameters are conveyed in system information the parameters comprises at least one of:BeamHop-ondurationtimer;BeamHopperiodicity;Beamhoppingstatingpoint;Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint;BeamIndex; orBeamHopconfigindex.The wireless communication method of claim 43, wherein the configuration information includes an indicator of a table to be used, and the table comprises a first mapping table or an enhanced mapping table for extended SS / PBCH block periodicity.The wireless communication method of claim 43, further comprising:mapping a synchronization signal block (SSB) to one or more valid RACH occasions (RO) when extended SSB periodicity and SBB beam hopping are enabled;wherein a valid RO is defined based on whether the UE is provided with time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration; wherein for unpaired spectrum and when the UE is not provided time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration, a RO in a PRACH slot is valid if:the RO does not precede an SS / PBCH block in the PRACH slot;the RO starts at least N symbols after a last SS / PBCH block reception symbol, where N is provided in a predefined table; andthe RO is within a beam, satellite beam, or cell on-duration time;wherein for unpaired spectrum and when the UE is provided time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration, a RO in a PRACH slot is valid when the following condition is met:the RO is within uplink (UL) symbols and within a beam, satellite beam, or cell on-duration time.A wireless communication method for notifying a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, by the UE, a paging missing notification or a paging reception notification through a non-terrestrial network (NTN) ;wherein the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging message within an associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification;wherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging message within an associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.The wireless communication method of claim 47, wherein the paging missing notification or the paging reception notification comprises at least one of:a UE-specific sequence;a UE group-based sequence;a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;a UE group-based DCI; anda UE common-based DCI for cell-wide notification.The wireless communication method of claim 48, wherein the UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) is scrambled with a C-Notification Radio Network Temporary Identifier (CN-RNTI) .The wireless communication method of claim 48, wherein the UE-specific DCI includes a field indicating which specific paging periods were missed within an associated duration.The wireless communication method of claim 48, wherein the UE group-based downlink control information (DCI) is scrambled with a paging missing notification RNTI (PMN-RNTI) or a paging reception notification RNTI (PRN-RNTI) .The wireless communication method of claim 48, wherein the UE group-based DCI includes a bitmap indicating which UEs in the group missed a paging message or UEs in the group need to receive paging.The wireless communication method of claim 47, wherein the associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification comprises a set of paging periods or frames linked to the paging missing notification; orwherein the associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification comprises a set of paging periods or frames linked to the paging reception notification.The wireless communication method of claim 47, wherein the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging period or missed paging frame within the associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification; orwherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging period or upcoming paging frame within the associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.The wireless communication method of claim 47, wherein a periodicity of the paging missing notification is related to a paging periodicity; ora periodicity of the paging reception notification is related to a paging periodicity.The wireless communication method of claim 47, wherein the paging missing notification or the paging reception notification comprises a UE-specific sequence; andconfiguration of the UE-specific sequence comprises at least one of:a Time-offset, which represents a time offset between a starting point of a first paging period within a set of paging periods and a starting point of a period of the UE-specific sequence;NumofPagperiod, which indicates a number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence;PeriodofUE-specSequence, which represents the period of the UE specific sequence;StartingofUE-specSequence, which indicates a starting point of the UE specific sequence within the period of the UE specific sequence;NumSymbofSequence, which represents a number of symbols used for the UE-specific sequence;NumRBofSequence, which represent a number of radio blocks used for the UE-specific sequence; orPatternofSequence, which represents a pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, including at least one of a consecutive number of UE specific sequence or an interval between two UE specific sequence.A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the processor is installed to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 56.A chip, comprising:a processor, configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 56.A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 56.A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 56.A computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 56.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting a control signal that conveys configuration of beam hopping associated with at least one of a beam, beam group, or beam list.The wireless communication method of claim 62, wherein the control signal comprises at least one of:a radio resource control (RRC) signal;a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;a UE-group common DCI;a UE common-based DCI; ora medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .The wireless communication method of claim 63, wherein the UE-specific DCI or UE-group common DCI used to activate or deactivate a beam or beam group based beam hopping configuration comprises a beam index or a beam hopping configuration index.The wireless communication method of claim 63, wherein the beam comprises:a synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam;a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (RS) -based beam; ora satellite beam.The wireless communication method of claim 63, wherein the configuration comprises one or more parameters of:BeamHop-ondurationtimer;BeamHop-ondurationtimer;BeamHopperiodicity;Beamhoppingendingpoint;Beamhoppingstartingpoint;BeamIndex;BeamGroupIndex; andBeamHopconfigindex.The wireless communication method of claim 66, wherein a beam hopping pattern in a time domain is derivable based on at least the beam hopping on-duration timer, the beam hopping periodicity, and the beam hopping starting point.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access response (RAR) window based on:a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set or a first symbol of an earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of a RACH occasion,b) a timing advance (TA) value,c) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, andmonitoring for a random access response (RAR) during the RAR window.The wireless communication method of claim 68, further comprising:calculating the starting point of the random access response window as the first symbol of the earliest CORESET where the UE is configured to receive the PDCCH for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value, the deviation value, and a time-offset value.The wireless communication method of claim 69, wherein the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the RAR window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.The wireless communication method of claim 69, wherein the time-offset value is configured by at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .The wireless communication method of claim 68, further comprising:calculating the reference time T1 as the last symbol of the RACH occasion plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set, wherein the first symbol occurs after the reference time T1 and is located within an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time T1; andsetting the identified first symbol as the start point of the random access response window.The wireless communication method of claim 68, further comprising:determining a first symbol T1 of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the Random Occasion (RO) corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;calculating the reference time T2 as T1 plus a sum of the TA value and the deviation value;identifying a first symbol T3 of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:a) the first symbol T3 is configured to transmit a PDCCH scrambled by a Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) ,b) the first symbol T3 is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time T2, andc) the first symbol T3 occurs at least one symbol after the reference time T2; andsetting first symbol T3 as the start point of the random access response window.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting configuration for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;receiving a message 3 (Msg3) in a random access procedure;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a contention resolution timer window based on:a) a first time point corresponding to an end of Msg3 transmission or a second time point after the end of Msg3 transmission, andb) a UE to base station round trip time (RTT) ,monitoring for a contention resolution message during the contention resolution timer window.The wireless communication method of claim 74, further comprising:determining an end of a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission in the random access procedure;determining the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window as a first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission plus the UE to base station round trip time (RTT) plus a time-offset;wherein the UE to base station RTT is a sum of the UE's timing advance value and a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame.The wireless communication method of claim 75, wherein the time-offset is configurable via at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .The wireless communication method of claim 75, wherein a granularity of the time-offset is one of: second, millisecond, slot, or symbol.The wireless communication method of claim 74, further comprising:determining an end of a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission in a random access window;determining the second time point as a first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission plus the UE-gNB round trip time (RTT) ;identifying a first symbol of an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time that occurs after the second time point; andsetting the identified first symbol as the starting point of the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer window.The wireless communication method of claim 74, wherein the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the contention resolution timer window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting, by the base station, configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a starting point of a random access message B response window based on:a) a reference time corresponding to a last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion or a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set,b) a timing advance (TA) value, andc) a deviation value between a downlink frame and an uplink frame, andmonitoring for a message B (MsgB) during the random access response window.The wireless communication method of claim 80, further comprising:determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space set (CSS) after the last symbol;calculating a starting point of the message B response window as the first symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value plus a time-offset.The wireless communication method of claim 19, wherein the time-offset value is configured to ensure the starting point of the random access response window is located within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time.The wireless communication method of claim 19, wherein the time-offset is configured via at least one of: System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) , or Downlink Control Information (DCI) .The wireless communication method of claim 19, wherein a granularity of the time-offset is one of: second, millisecond, slot, or symbol.The wireless communication method of claim 80, further comprising:determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;calculating the reference time point as the last symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value;identifying a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set, wherein:a) the CORESET is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a MsgB-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) , andb) the first symbol occurs after the reference time and is located within an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the reference time; andsetting the identified first symbol as the starting point of the message B response window.The wireless communication method of claim 80, further comprising:determining the last symbol of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) occasion corresponding to a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission;identifying a first time point corresponding to a first symbol of an earliest Control Resource Set (CORESET) where the UE is configured to receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for type1-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set after the last symbol of the PUSCH occasion;calculating a second time point as the first time point corresponding to the first symbol plus the TA plus the deviation value;identifying a third time point corresponding to a first symbol of an earliest CORESET that meets the following criteria:a) the third time point is configured to receive a PDCCH scrambled by a MsgB-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) ,b) the third time point is located in an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the second time point, andc) the third time point occurs at least one symbol after the second time point; andsetting the third time point as the start of the message B response window.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting a random access response (RAR) message through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;wherein information associated with the RAR message indicates whether to adjust reception timing of a subsequent random access signaling message to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR; andreceiving the subsequent random access signaling message according to the determined transmission timing.The wireless communication method of claim 87, whereinthe RAR includes an indicator for Msg3 transmission, and the method further comprises:receiving Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first slot or an available slot of an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when the indicator shows that postponement of Msg3 transmission is required.The wireless communication method of claim 88, wherein the indicator is a single bit in the RAR, with a first value indicating no postponement and a second value indicating postponement is required.The wireless communication method of claim 88, wherein the indicator is provided by a most significant bit of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field in the RAR.The wireless communication method of claim 88, wherein the first available slot is defined as a slot where a Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV) indicated by the RAR message does not collide with a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , a RACH occasion (RO) , or system information.The wireless communication method of claim 87, whereinthe RAR message includes an index to Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) table, wherein the TDRA table includes an additional column indicating whether postponement of a subsequent Msg3 transmission is required, and the method further comprises:postponing reception of a Msg3 to the earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message when an entry of the TDRA table associated with the index shows that postponement of a subsequent Msg3 transmission is required.The wireless communication method of claim 92, wherein the additional column in the TDRA table comprises a one-bit indicator, a first value of the indicator signifying no postponement is required, and a second value signifying postponement is required.The wireless communication method of claim 87,wherein a field within the RAR message indicates a time-offset for a subsequent Msg3 transmission;wherein a time for reception of the subsequent Msg3 transmission is based on a slot where the UE receives a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) with the RAR message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, a cell-specific K offset, and the time-offset.The wireless communication method of claim 87, wherein the RAR message schedules a rule for a subsequent Msg3 transmission;wherein the rule indicates that when transmission of the Msg3 is in a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, one of the following is to be performed based on the rule:a) not transmitting the Msg3, orb) postponing transmission of the Msg3 to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message.The wireless communication method of claim 95, wherein when transmission of the Msg3 is postponed, the base station receives the Msg3 at a starting point corresponding to a first available slot of the beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the RAR message;wherein the available slot is defined as having the same Start and Length Indicator Value (SLIV) as indicated in the RAR message, and no symbol indicated by the SLIV collides with a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , a RACH occasion (RO) , or system information.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting, by the base station, configuration information for discontinuous transmission / reception (DTX / DRX) or beam hopping that enable DTX / DRX or beam hopping for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication;transmitting Msg4 from in a random access procedure;determining, when the DTX / DRX or beam hopping is enabled for non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, a transmission time for a HARQ-ACK of Msg4; andif the determined transmission time falls within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell idle time, postponing the HARQ-ACK transmission to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after Msg4.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting, through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, to a user equipment (UE) information related to timing of HARQ-ACK feedback for a Message B (MsgB) ;determining, based on the received information, whether and when to receives the HARQ-ACK feedback; andreceiving the HARQ-ACK feedback according to the determination.The wireless communication method of claim 98, further comprising:transmitting a random access response (RAR) message to a user equipment (UE) , wherein the RAR message includes a one-bit indicator to signify whether postponement of a subsequent HARQ-ACK feedback for theMessage B (MsgB) is required, the one-bit indicator having a first value indicates the postponement is not required, and having a second value indicates the postponement is required; andreceiving, when postponement is required, the HARQ-ACK feedback at a starting point corresponding to a first Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) within a beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.The wireless communication method of claim 98, further comprising:transmitting a downlink control information (DCI) including a table index, wherein the table index points to an entry of a Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) table, and the entry indicates whether postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the Message B (MsgB) is required; andreceiving the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB postponed to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB when postponement of HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB is required.The wireless communication method of claim 98, further comprising:transmitting a random access response (RAR) message, wherein the RAR message comprises a field that indicates a time-offset for HARQ-ACK feedback transmission for the Message B (MsgB) ; andreceiving HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB at a feedback time, wherein the feedback time is determined based a reference slot and the time-offset, and the reference slot is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset.The wireless communication method of claim 98, further comprising:determining whether a starting point symbol for the HARQ-ACK feedback transmission responding the Message B (MsgB) is located in a beam or satellite idle time after the reference slot, wherein a reference slot for Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback is determined at least based on a slot where the UE receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a random access response (RAR) message, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) configuration, and a cell-specific K offset; andbased on the determination that the starting point symbol is in the beam or satellite idle time, performing one of:a) skipping reception of the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB, orb) postponing reception of the HARQ-ACK feedback to an earliest beam, satellite beam, cell, or satellite cell on-duration time after the MsgB.The wireless communication method of claim 98, further comprising:transmitting a configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values;transmitting a downlink control information (DCI) scrambled by a Message B-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (MsgB-RNTI) , wherein the DCI comprises a field that indicates, among the set of candidate time-offset values, a time-offset for HARQ-ACK feedback transmission for the message B (MsgB) ;wherein a transmission time for the HARQ-ACK feedback for the MsgB is determined based on the indicated time-offset;wherein the configuration of a set of candidate time-offset values is conveyed in System Information Block 1 (SIB1) , System Information Block 19 (SIB19) , or Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.A wireless communication method for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting configuration information including synchronization signal block (SSB) -based beam hopping configuration parameters through non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication.The wireless communication method of claim 104, wherein the parameters are conveyed in system information, and the parameters comprises at least one of:BeamHop-ondurationtimer, which indicates a beam’s on duration time within a periodicity;BeamHopperiodicity, which indicates a beam’s beam hopping period;Beamhoppingstatingpoint, which indicates a beam’s beam hopping starting point within a periodicity;Beamhopperiodicityandstartingpoint, which indicates a beam’s beam hopping periodicity and starting point within the periodicity;BeamIndex, which indicate a beam’s index; orBeamHopconfigindex, which indicates an index of a beam level based beam hopping.The wireless communication method of claim 104, wherein the configuration information includes an indicator of one of a first mapping table or an enhanced mapping table for extended SS / PBCH block periodicity.The wireless communication method of claim 106, further comprising:mapping a synchronization signal block (SSB) to one or more valid RACH occasions (RO) when extended SSB periodicity and SBB beam hopping are enabled;wherein a valid RO is defined based on whether the UE is provided with time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration;wherein for unpaired spectrum and when the UE is not provided time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration, a RO in a PRACH slot is valid if:the RO does not precede an SS / PBCH block in the PRACH slot;the RO starts at least N symbols after a last SS / PBCH block reception symbol, where N is provided in a predefined table; andthe RO is within a beam, satellite beam, or cell on-duration time;wherein for unpaired spectrum and when the UE is provided time division duplex uplink-downlink configuration, a RO in a PRACH slot is valid when the following conditions is met:the RO is within uplink (UL) symbols and within a beam, satellite beam, or cell on-duration time.A wireless communication method for notifying a user equipment (UE) , comprising:transmitting, by a base station, a paging missing notification or a paging reception notification through a non-terrestrial network (NTN) ;wherein the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging message within an associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification;wherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging message within an associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.The wireless communication method of claim 108, wherein the paging missing notification or the paging reception notification comprises at least one of:a UE-specific sequence;a UE group-based sequence;a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) ;a UE group-based DCI; anda UE common-based DCI for cell-wide notification.The wireless communication method of claim 109, wherein the UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) is scrambled with a C-Notification Radio Network Temporary Identifier (CN-RNTI) .The wireless communication method of claim 109, wherein the UE-specific DCI includes a field indicating which specific paging periods were missed within an associated duration.The wireless communication method of claim 109, wherein the UE group-based downlink control information (DCI) is scrambled with a paging missing notification RNTI (PMN-RNTI) or a paging reception notification RNTI (PRN-RNTI) .The wireless communication method of claim 109, wherein the UE group-based DCI includes a bitmap indicating which UEs in the group missed a paging message or UEs in the group need to receive paging.The wireless communication method of claim 108, wherein the associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification comprises a set of paging periods or frames linked to the paging missing notification; orwherein the associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification comprises a set of paging periods or frames linked to the paging missing notification.The wireless communication method of claim 108, wherein the paging missing notification indicates at least one missed paging period or missed paging frame within the associated duration prior to transmission of the paging missing notification; orwherein the paging reception notification indicates at least one upcoming paging period or upcoming paging frame within the associated duration after transmission of the paging reception notification.The wireless communication method of claim 108, wherein a periodicity of the paging missing notification is related to a paging periodicity; ora periodicity of the paging reception notification is related to a paging periodicity.The wireless communication method of claim 108, further comprisingconfiguring, by the base station, at least one of:a Time-offset, which represents a time offset between a starting point of a first paging period within a set of paging periods and a starting point of a period of the UE-specific sequence;NumofPagperiod, which indicates a number of paging periods associated with the UE-specific sequence;PeriodofUE-specSequence, which represents the period of the UE specific sequence;StartingofUE-specSequence, which indicates a starting point of the UE specific sequence within the period of the UE specific sequence;NumSymbofSequence, which represents a number of symbols used for the UE-specific sequence;NumRBofSequence, which represent a number of radio blocks used for the UE-specific sequence; orPatternofSequence, which represents a pattern of UE specific sequence occasion within the period of the UE specific sequence, including at least one of a consecutive number of UE specific sequence or an interval between two UE specific sequence.A base station comprising:a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the processor is installed to execute the method of any of claims 62 to 117.A chip, comprising:a processor, configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the method of any of claims 62 to 117.A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 62 to 117.A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 62 to 117.A computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 62 to 117..
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