Detection of sensing non-allowed area
The system addresses the challenge of detecting sensing non-allowed areas by enabling user equipment and network entities to manage and comply with regulatory restrictions through integrated communication protocols, ensuring compliance and privacy in wireless communication systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems lack effective methods for detecting and managing sensing non-allowed areas, which are regions where sensing operations are prohibited, such as government offices or military zones, posing challenges for user equipment and base stations.
The system includes methods and apparatuses for user equipment (UE) and network entities to receive and transmit information about sensing non-allowed areas, allowing detection and management of such areas through communication with sensing functions, access and mobility management functions, and unified data management systems.
Enables accurate detection and management of sensing non-allowed areas, ensuring compliance with regulatory restrictions and preventing unauthorized sensing operations, thereby enhancing network control and user privacy.
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Figure CN2025096658_09042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DETECTION OF SENSING NON-ALLOWED AREATECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to a user equipment (UE) , a base station, core network entities, processors, and methods for detection of a sensing non-allowed area.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] For many emerging applications, such as smart industry, next-generation vehicular networks, remote health-caring, high-quality wireless connectivity and high-accuracy sensing capability are required. It is foreseeable that future wireless networks (e.g. beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G) will surpass traditional communication and provide sensing functions, especially location and environment-aware functions. Therefore, the research on the theme of integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is increasing rapidly.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support detection of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0005] In a first aspect of the solution, a UE receives, from a first apparatus, information of a sensing non-allowed area; and transmits, to a sensing function (SF) , an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.
[0006] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first apparatus is the SF. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the SF, a sensing registration request; and receiving, from the SF, a sensing registration response. The information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the sensing registration response.
[0007] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first apparatus is an access and mobility management function (AMF) . Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the AMF, a registration request, wherein the registration request comprises sensing capability information of the UE; and receiving, from the AMF, a registration response. The information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the registration response.
[0008] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining that at least one of a sensing object or the UE is within the sensing non-allowed area.
[0009] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected comprises at least one of the following: an indication that the UE is within the sensing non-allowed area; or an indication that the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.
[0010] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the SF, an identity (ID) of a sensing task and that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.
[0011] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the SF, the identity (ID) of the sensing task and sensing task information.
[0012] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information of the sensing non-allowed area comprises at least one of the following: at least one cell ID; at least one tracking area code (TAC) ; information of a geographical area; or at least one time window.
[0013] In a second aspect of the solution, a sensing function (SF) receives, from a sensing entity, information associated with a sensing task; determines to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information; and transmits, to an application function (AF) , an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task.
[0014] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information associated with the sensing task comprises an indication that a sensing non-allowed area is detected.
[0015] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected comprises at least one of the following: an indication that a user equipment (UE) is within the sensing non-allowed area, wherein the UE is the sensing entity, or wherein the sensing entity is a network entity and the UE is a further sensing entity associated with the sensing task; or an indication that a sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.
[0016] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the sensing entity, information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0017] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information associated with the sensing task comprises the ID of the sensing task and sensing measurement data of the sensing task. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining whether a UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area based on the sensing measurement data, wherein the UE is the sensing entity, or wherein the sensing entity is a network entity and the UE is a further sensing entity associated with the sensing task; and determining to stop or revoke the sensing task, wherein at least one of the UE or the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.
[0018] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the apparatus is preconfigured with information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0019] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a UE. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from a unified data management (UDM) , information of the sensing non-allowed area associated with the UE.
[0020] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a network entity. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , information of the network entity and information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0021] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a network entity. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, sensing capability information of the network entity and information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0022] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information of the sensing non-allowed area comprises at least one of the following: at least one cell ID; at least one tracking area code (TAC) ; information of a geographical area; or at least one time window.
[0023] In a third aspect of the solution, an access and mobility management function (AMF) receives, from a sensing entity, sensing capability information of the sensing entity; and transmit, to the sensing entity or a sensing function (SF) , information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0024] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a user equipment (UE) . Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the UE, a registration request, wherein the registration request comprises the sensing capability information of the UE; and transmitting, to the UE, a registration response, wherein the information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the registration response.
[0025] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a network entity. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, a next generation (NG) setup request, wherein the NG setup request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; and transmitting, to the network entity, a NG setup response, wherein the information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the NG setup response.
[0026] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a network entity. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, a next generation (NG) setup request, wherein the NG setup request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; and transmitting, to the SF, information of the network entity and the information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0027] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the apparatus is preconfigured with the information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0028] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity is a UE. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from a unified data management (UDM) , the information of the sensing non-allowed area associated with the UE.
[0029] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information of the sensing non-allowed area comprises at least one of the following: at least one cell ID; at least one tracking area code (TAC) ; information of a geographical area; or at least one time window.
[0030] In a fourth aspect of the solution, a network entity transmits, to a first apparatus, sensing capability information of the network entity; transmits, to a sensing function (SF) , information associated with a sensing task; and receives, from the SF, an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task.
[0031] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the AMF, a next generation (NG) setup request, wherein the NG setup request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; and receiving, from the AMF, a NG setup response.
[0032] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the NG setup response comprises information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0033] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the SF, a sensing entity association request, wherein the sensing entity association request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; and receiving, from the SF, a sensing entity association response.
[0034] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity association request further comprises location information of the network entity.
[0035] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity association request further comprises information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0036] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing entity association response comprises information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0037] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the network entity is preconfigured with information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0038] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining whether a sensing UE associated with the sensing task or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area; and transmitting, to the SF, an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected, wherein the at least one of the sensing UE or the sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area.
[0039] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information of the sensing non-allowed area comprises at least one of the following: at least one cell ID; at least one tracking area code (TAC) ; information of a geographical area; or at least one time window.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an enhanced 5G network architecture with a sensing function in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of a signalling procedure of configuration of a sensing non-allowed area by an AMF in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 2C illustrates an example of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIG. 2D illustrates an example of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing network entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 3 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing UE based on configuration from a SF in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 4 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing UE based on configuration from an AMF in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 5 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing RAN node in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0049] FIG. 6 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a SF in a sensing task performed by a sensing UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0050] FIG. 7 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a SF in a sensing task performed by a sensing RAN node in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0051] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a device that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0052] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a processor that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0053] FIGS. 10 through 13 illustrate flowcharts of methods that support detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0054] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0055] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0056] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0057] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0058] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0059] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 5G new radio (NR) , long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0060] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto BS, a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
[0061] As used herein, the term “terminal device” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, a user equipment (UE) , an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a gaming terminal device, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an internet of things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “terminal device, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0062] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system. FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0063] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0064] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0065] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an internet-of-things (IoT) device, an internet-of-everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0066] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0067] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0068] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3 or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0069] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a CU, a DU, a radio unit (RU) , a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0070] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0071] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0072] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0073] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0074] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as registration management, mobility management, connection management, access authentication / authorization, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0075] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0076] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0077] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0078] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0079] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0080] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to symbols.
[0081] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0082] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0083] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an enhanced 5G network architecture with a sensing function in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The enhanced 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 1B may be regarded as a specific example of wireless communications system 100 as shown in FIG. 1A. As shown in FIG. 1B, the enhanced 5G network architecture may involve a UE 104, a (R) AN node 102 and core network functions, such as a UPF 122, an access and mobility management functions (AMF) 124, a sensing function (SF) 126, a unified data management (UDM) 128, a network data analytics function (NWDAF) 130, a location management function (LMF) 132, a policy control function (PCF) 134, a network exposure function (NEF) 136 and an application function (AF) 138. The SF is introduced to enable sensing in the 5G system network. Either the AF 138 other core network function or the UE 104 may trigger a sensing procedure. The SF 126 may be further split into Sensing Control Function (SCF) and the Sensing Processing Function (SPF) . SCF is responsible for sensing service control, while SPF is responsible for sensing data collection and processing, etc.
[0084] A wireless sensing service is required to fulfil different performance requirement (e.g., accuracy, resolution, latency, etc. ) based on the characteristics of one or multiple target object (s) and / or the environment to be sensed in a target sensing service area. Examples of wireless sensing service scenario may include, but not limited to, object detection and tracking, environment monitoring, motion monitoring, etc. Some wireless sensing performance requirements may be applied to 3GPP sensing data, non-3GPP sensing and sensing results. Examples of wireless sensing performance requirements may include accuracy of positioning estimate, accuracy of velocity estimate, confidence level, sensing resolution, missed detection probability, false alarm probability, max sensing service latency, refreshing rate.
[0085] The sensing entity in a sensing procedure may be either a sensing UE or a sensing RAN node, which is able to send and receive sensing signals. The sensing entity here may be a sensing transmitter (Tx) which transmits the sensing signal and / or a sensing receiver (Rx) , which receives the echo sensing signal (e.g., the reflected / scattered / diffracted sensing signal) . The sensing Tx and sensing Rx may be the same sensing entity, which is called Monostatic sensing. The sensing Tx and sensing Rx may not be the same sensing entity, which is called Bistatic sensing. Example use cases may include: 1) BS#1 transmits and BS#1 receives a sensing signal; 2) BS#1 transmits and BS#2 receives a sensing signal. 3) BS transmits and UE receives a sensing signal; 4) UE transmits and BS receives a sensing signal; 5) UE#1 transmits and UE#1 receives a sensing signal; 6) UE#1 transmits and UE#2 receives a sensing signal.
[0086] Generally, the sensing RAN node is fixed and static. However, the sensing UE and the sensing object may be mobile. Based on regulatory requirements, sensing may not be allowed in some places, e.g., Government office, Military restricted area etc. However, the sensing UE or the sensing object may move into the sensing non-allowed area. Enhancements are needed regarding how to detect that the sensing UE or sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area (or is not in the sensing allowed area) and how will the network do.
[0087] As used herein, the term “sensing non-allowed area” may refer to an area where sensing entity (e.g., sensing UE or sensing gNB) is not allowed to initiate the sensing operation. The term “sensing non-allowed area” may be used interchangeably with “sensing forbidden area” . As used herein, the term “sensing allowed area” may refer to an area where sensing entity (e.g., sensing UE or sensing gNB) is allowed to initiate the sensing operation. Both the sensing non-allowed area and the sensing allowed area can be in the form of cell level, which includes a set of cell ID or tracking area code (TAC) etc. Alternatively, the sensing non-allowed area and the sensing allowed area can be in the form of geographical area.
[0088] In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure provide solutions of detection of a sensing non-allowed area. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a SF receives information associated with a sensing task from a sensing entity (e.g., sensing UE or sensing gNB) , and determines to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information. The SF may transmit a sensing task ID and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task to an AF. In some implementations, the information associated with the sensing task may include an indication that a sensing non-allowed area is detected. In other words, the detection of sensing non-allowed area may be performed at the sensing entity. In some alternative implementations, the information associated with the sensing task may include sensing measurement data of the sensing task, and the SF may determine whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area based on the sensing measurement data. In other words, the detection of sensing non-allowed area may be performed at the SF. The sensing entity can be either sensing transmitter or sensing receiver. If SF is further split into SCF and SPF, SPF receives the information associated with a sensing task from a sensing entity and determines whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area based on the sensing measurement data. The SPF may forward the result (e.g., information regarding whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area) to the SCF. SCF determines to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information. Alternatively, SPF determines whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area and determines to stop or revoke the sensing task. The SPF may further provide the decision (e.g., to stop or revoke the sensing task) to SCF. For both cases, SCF may transmit a sensing task ID and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task to an AF.
[0089] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of a signalling procedure 200A of detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For purpose of discussion, the procedure 200A will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, and the procedure 200A may involve a sensing entity 210, an SF 126 and an AF 138. In some implementations, the sensing entity 210 may be implemented as a UE 104 or a network entity 102. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2A are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 200A may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0090] As shown in FIG. 2A, the sensing entity 210 transmits (201) information 202 associated with a sensing task to the SF 126. Alternatively, the SF 126 can be implemented by at least one of SCF or SPF if SF is further split into SCF and SPF. The SF 126 (e.g., SPF) receives (203) the information 202 associated with the sensing task from the sensing entity 210, and determines (204) to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information 202. The node that performs the determination (204) may be SCF or SPF. The SF 126 (e.g., SCF) transmits (205) , to the AF 138, an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task 206. The AF 138 receives the ID of the sensing task and the indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task 206 from the SF 126 (e.g., SCF) . The sensing task may thus be stopped or revoked.
[0091] In some embodiments, the information 202 associated with the sensing task may include an indication that a sensing non-allowed area is detected. Based on the indication that a sensing non-allowed area is detected, the SF 126 (e.g., SCF or SPF) may determine to stop or revoke the sensing task. In other words, the detection of sensing non-allowed area is performed at the sensing entity 210. The sensing entity 210 may obtain information of the sensing non-allowed area and determine whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area. In some examples, the sensing entity 210 (e.g., a sensing RAN node) may be preconfigured with information of the sensing non-allowed area. In some alternative examples, the SF 126 may transmit information of the sensing non-allowed area to the sensing entity 210. The SF 126 may obtain information of the sensing non-allowed area in various manners. In a more specific example, the SF 126 may be preconfigured with information of the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively, the sensing entity 210 may be a sensing UE, and the SF 126 may receive, from a UDM, information of the sensing non-allowed area associated with the sensing UE 104. For example, the SF 126 (e.g., SCF) may retrieve the sensing data management subscription data from a UDM, which may include information of the sensing non-allowed area. Similarly, the sensing entity 210 (e.g., a sensing RAN node) may be preconfigured with information of the sensing allowed area. Alternatively, the SF 126 (e.g., SCF) may transmit information of the sensing allowed area to the sensing entity 210.
[0092] In some implementations, the sensing entity 210 may be a sensing UE, and the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected may include an indication that the sensing UE is within the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively, the sensing entity 210 may be a network entity (i.e., a sensing RAN node) , and the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected may include an indication that a sensing UE associated with the sensing task is within the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively or additionally, the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected may include an indication that a sensing object associated with the sensing task is within the sensing non-allowed area.
[0093] As used herein, the expression “the sensing UE is within the sensing non-allowed area” may be used interchangeably with the expressions “the sensing UE is entering the sensing non-allowed area” , “the sensing UE is out of the sensing allowed area” , “the sensing UE is leaving the sensing allowed area” , etc. Similarly, as used herein, the expression “the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area” may be used interchangeably with the expressions “the sensing object is entering the sensing non-allowed area” , “the sensing object is near the sensing non-allowed area” , “the sensing object is out of the sensing allowed area” , “the sensing object is leaving the sensing allowed area” , etc. As used herein, the sensing non-allowed area may be implicitly indicated by indicating the sensing allowed area. Thus, the information of a sensing non-allowed area may be implicitly provided by providing information of a sensing allowed area.
[0094] In some alternative embodiments, the information 202 associated with the sensing task may include the ID of the sensing task and sensing measurement data of the sensing task. In some implementations, the sensing entity 210 may be a sensing UE, and the SF 126 may determine whether the sensing UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area based on the sensing measurement data received from the sensing UE; if at least one of the sensing UE or the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area, the SF 126 may determine to stop or revoke the sensing task. In some alternative implementations, the sensing entity 210 may be a network entity (i.e., a sensing RAN node) and the SF 126 may determine whether a sensing UE associated with the sensing task or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area based on the sensing measurement data received from the network entity; if at least one of the sensing UE or the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area, the SF 126 may determine to stop or revoke the sensing task.
[0095] The SF 126 may obtain information of the sensing non-allowed area in various manners. In some examples, the SF 126 may be preconfigured with information of the sensing non-allowed area. In some alternative examples, the sensing entity 210 may be a sensing UE, and the SF 126 may receive, from a UDM, information of the sensing non-allowed area associated with the sensing UE 104. For example, the SF 126 may retrieve the sensing data management subscription data from a UDM, which may include information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0096] In some alternative embodiments, the sensing entity 210 is a network entity (i.e., a sensing RAN node) . The SF 126 may receive, from the AMF 124, information of the network entity and information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0097] In some alternative embodiments, the sensing entity 210 is a network entity (i.e., a sensing RAN node) . The SF 126 may receive, from the network entity (i.e., a sensing RAN node) , sensing capability information of the network entity and information of the sensing non-allowed area.
[0098] In some embodiments, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one cell ID. Alternatively or additionally, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one tracking area code (TAC) . Alternatively or additionally, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include information of a geographical area. Alternatively or additionally, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one time window. In a more specific example, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include a TAC information element (IE) and a time window IE, indicating that sensing is not allowed in the indicated TAC within the indicated time window.
[0099] The SF 126 or the sensing entity 210 may obtain information of the sensing non-allowed area in various manners. FIG. 2B illustrates an example of a signalling procedure 200B of configuration of a sensing non-allowed area by an AMF in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For purpose of discussion, the procedure 200B will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, and the procedure 200B may involve a sensing entity 210, an AMF 124 and an SF 126. In some implementations, the sensing entity 210 may be implemented as a UE 104 or a network entity 102. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2B are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 200B may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 200B may be performed in combination with or independently from the procedure 200A in FIG. 2A.
[0100] As shown in FIG. 2B, the sensing entity 210 transmits (211) sensing capability information 212 of the sensing entity 210 to the AMF 124. The AMF 124 receives (213) the sensing capability information 212 of the sensing entity 210 from the sensing entity 210. In some implementations, the AMF 124 transmits (214) information 215 of a sensing non-allowed area to the sensing entity 210. The sensing entity 210 receives (216) the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area from the AMF 124, and may determine whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area; if yes, the sensing entity 210 may transmit an indication that a sensing non-allowed area is detected to the SF 126. Alternatively, the AMF 124 transmits (217) information 215 of a sensing non-allowed area to the SF 126. The SF 126 receives (218) the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area from the AMF 124, and may determine whether a sensing UE or a sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area based on sensing measurement data.
[0101] In some embodiments, the sensing entity 210 is a UE. The AMF 124 may receive a registration request from the UE 104. The registration request may include the sensing capability information 212 of the UE 104. The AMF 124 may transmit a registration response to the UE 104. The information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area may be included in the registration response. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the sensing UE by the AMF and may be detected by the sensing UE.
[0102] In some alternative embodiments, the sensing entity 210 is a network entity. The AMF 124 may receive a next generation (NG) setup request from the network entity. The NG setup request may include the sensing capability information 212 of the network entity. The AMF 124 may transmit a NG setup response to the network entity. The information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area may be included in the NG setup response. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the sensing RAN node by the AMF and may be detected by the sensing UE.
[0103] In some alternative embodiments, the sensing entity 210 is a network entity. The AMF 124 may receive a NG setup request from the network entity. The NG setup request may include the sensing capability information 212 of the network entity. The AMF 124 may transmit, to the SF 126, information of the network entity and the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the SF by the AMF and may be detected by the SF.
[0104] The AMF 124 may obtain the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area in various manners. In some embodiments, the AMF 124 is preconfigured with the information of the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively, the sensing entity 210 is a UE 104, and the AMF 124 may receive, from a UDM, the information of the sensing non-allowed area associated with the UE 104.
[0105] In some embodiments, the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one cell ID. Alternatively or additionally, the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one TAC. Alternatively or additionally, the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area may include information of a geographical area. Alternatively or additionally, the information 215 of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one time window.
[0106] FIG. 2C illustrates an example of a signalling procedure 200C of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For purpose of discussion, the procedure 200C will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, and the procedure 200C may involve a first apparatus 220, a UE 104 and an SF 126. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2C are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 200C may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 200C may be performed in combination with or independently from the procedure 200A in FIG. 2A or the procedure 200B in FIG. 2B.
[0107] As shown in FIG. 2C, the first apparatus 220 transmits (221) information 222 of a sensing non-allowed area to the UE 104. The UE 104 receives (223) the information 222 of the sensing non-allowed area and transmits (224) , to an SF 126, an indication 225 that the sensing non-allowed area is detected. The SF 126 receives (226) the indication 225 that the sensing non-allowed area is detected and may determine that to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information 222. In this way, the detection of the sensing non-allowed area may be performed at the sensing UE.
[0108] In some embodiments, the first apparatus 220 is the SF 126. The UE 104 may transmit a sensing registration request to the SF 126, and receive a sensing registration response from the SF 126. The information of the sensing non-allowed area may be included in the sensing registration response. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the sensing UE by the SF and may be detected by the sensing UE. In some examples, the sensing registration request transmitted by the sensing UE may also be referred to as a sensing entity association request and the sensing registration response may also be referred to as a sensing entity association response.
[0109] In some embodiments, the first apparatus 220 is the AMF 124. The UE 104 may transmit a registration request to the AMF 124. The registration request may include sensing capability information of the UE 104, e.g., an indication of a capability as a sensing Tx and / or a sensing Rx, frequency bands, accuracy, resolution, latency, etc. The UE 104 may receive a registration response from the AMF 124. The information 222 of the sensing non-allowed area may be included in the registration response.
[0110] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may determine that at least one of a sensing object or the UE 104 is within the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively, the UE 104 may determine that at least one of a sensing object or the UE 104 is near or entering the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively, the UE 104 may determine that at least one of a sensing object or the UE 104 is out of or leaving the sensing non-allowed area.
[0111] In some embodiments, the indication 225 that the sensing non-allowed area is detected may include an indication that the UE 104 is within the sensing non-allowed area. Alternatively or additionally, the indication 225 that the sensing non-allowed area is detected may include an indication that the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.
[0112] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may transmit, to the SF 126, an ID of a sensing task and the indication 225 that the sensing non-allowed area is detected. In some embodiments, the UE 104 may first receive, from the SF 126, the ID of the sensing task and sensing task information. Then, if a sensing non-allowed area is detected, the UE 104 may transmit, to the SF 126, an ID of a sensing task and the indication 225 that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.
[0113] In some embodiments, the information 222 of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one cell ID. Alternatively or additionally, the information 222 of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one TAC. Alternatively or additionally, the information 222 of the sensing non-allowed area may include information of a geographical area. Alternatively or additionally, the information 222 of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one time window.
[0114] FIG. 2D illustrates an example of a signalling procedure 200D of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing network entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For purpose of discussion, the procedure 200D will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, and the procedure 200D may involve a first apparatus 220, a network entity 102 and an SF 126. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2D are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 200D may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 200D may be performed in combination with or independently from the procedure 200A in FIG. 2A or the procedure 200B in FIG. 2B.
[0115] As shown in FIG. 2C, the network entity 102 transmits (231) sensing capability information 232 of the network entity 102 to the first apparatus 220. The first apparatus 220 receives (233) the sensing capability information 232 of the network entity 102. The network entity 102 transmits (234) , to the SF 126, information 235 associated with a sensing task. The SF 126 receives (236) the information 235 associated with the sensing task and transmits (237) an ID of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task 238 to the network entity 102. The network entity receives (239) , from the SF 126, an ID of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task.
[0116] In some embodiments, the first apparatus 220 is the AMF 124. The network entity 102 may transmit, to the AMF 124, a NG setup request including the sensing capability information 232 of the network entity 102, and receive a NG setup response from the AMF 124. In some implementations, the NG setup response may include information of a sensing non-allowed area. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the sensing RAN node by the AMF and may be detected by the sensing RAN node.
[0117] Alternatively, the first apparatus 220 is the SF 126. The network entity 102 may transmit, to the SF 126 (e.g., SCF) , a sensing entity association request including the sensing capability information 232 of the network entity 102. The network entity 102 may receive, from the SF 126, a sensing entity association response. In some examples, the sensing registration request transmitted from the network entity 102 may also be referred to as a sensing RAN node association request and the sensing registration response may also be referred to as a sensing RAN node association response. In some implementations, the sensing entity association request may further include location information of the network entity 102. In some implementations, the sensing entity association request may further include information of a sensing non-allowed area. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the SF by the sensing RAN node and may be detected by the SF. In some implementations, the sensing entity association response may include information of a sensing non-allowed area. In this way, the sensing non-allowed area may be configured to the sensing RAN node by the SF and may be detected by the sensing RAN node.
[0118] In some embodiments, the network entity 102 may determine whether a sensing UE associated with the sensing task or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area. If the at least one of the sensing UE or the sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area, the network entity 102 may transmit, to the SF 126, an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected. For example, the information 235 associated with the sensing task may include the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected. In other words, the sensing non-allowed area may be detected by the sensing RAN node. In some implementations, the network entity 102 may receive a sensing entity association response including information of the sensing non-allowed area from the SF 126. Alternatively, the network entity 102 may receive an NG setup response including information of the sensing non-allowed area from the AMF. Alternatively, the network entity 102 may be preconfigured with information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0119] In some examples, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one cell ID. Alternatively or additionally, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one TAC. Alternatively or additionally, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include information of a geographical area. Alternatively or additionally, the information of the sensing non-allowed area may include at least one time window.
[0120] Hereinbefore, some embodiments of detection of a sensing non-allowed area are described in general terms. Hereinafter, some implementations of the detection of a sensing non-allowed area will be further detailed in regard to various specific solutions.
[0121] FIG. 3 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure 300 of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing UE based on configuration from a SF in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In other words, the detection of a sensing non-allowed area is performed by the sensing UE based on configuration received from the SF. The procedure 300 may involve a sensing UE 104, a RAN node 102, a SF 126 and an AF 138 or a NEF 136. In some implementations, the procedure 300 may further involve a UDM 128. In some implementations, the procedure 300 may further involve an AMF 124. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 3 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 300 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 300 may be regarded as a specific example of the procedures 200A, 200B or 200C in FIGS. 2A-2C.
[0122] As shown in FIG. 3, at Step 301, the sensing UE 104 may transmit a sensing registration request towards the SF 126. The sensing UE 104 may perform sensing registration towards the SF 126 via the AMF 124 and the RAN node 102. In some examples, the sensing UE 104 may transmit an UL NAS message towards the AMF 124, which contains the UE ID and a sensing registration request message. The UE ID can be SUPI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI etc. In some embodiments, the sensing UE 104 contains sensing capability information in the sensing registration request message. Upon receiving the sensing registration request, the AMF 124 performs the SF selection based on e.g., the UE location, the SF serving area, the SF load etc. The AMF 124 may transmit the UE ID (e.g., SUPI) and the sensing registration request message towards the selected the SF 126. Alternatively, UE ID (e.g., SUPI) is included in sensing registration request message. Both the sensing non-allowed area and the sensing allowed area can be in the form of cell level, which includes a set of cell ID or TAC etc. Alternatively, the sensing non-allowed area and the sensing allowed area can be in the form of geographical area.
[0123] In a first implementation, the SF may be pre-configuration with the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At Step 302a, the SF 126 is preconfigured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. For example, the SF 126 may be configured with the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information by Operations Administration and Maintenance (OAM) or based on local configuration. The sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area may be updated later. Upon receiving the updated sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information from either OAM or local configuration, the SF 126 may provide the updated one to the UE 104 accordingly. Alternatively, the AF 138 may provide sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the SF 126 directly or via NEF 136 when requesting sensing service or provide the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information separately.
[0124] In a second implementation, the subscription data may include sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At Step 302b-1, the SF 126 retrieves the sensing data management (SensDM) subscription data from the UDM 128 by providing UE ID (i.e., the key for subscription data type) and sensing subscription data (i.e., subscription data type) . One example of UE ID is SUPI. For example, the SF 126 may transmit Nudm_SensingDataManagement_Get (SUPI, sensing subscription data) to the UDM 128. At Step 302b-2, the UDM 128 responds with sensing subscription data to the SF 126, which includes sensing non-allowed area.
[0125] At Step 303, the SF 126 may response with a sensing registration response message to the sensing UE 104, which includes sensing non-allowed area information (or partial sensing non-allowed area information) or sensing allowed area information (or partial sensing allowed area information) . The sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information may be common or UE specific. The partial sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information may be associated with the location of the sensing UE. In this way, the SF 126 can select the appropriate sensing UE in its serving area based on the sensing registration request.
[0126] Alternatively, the SF 126 may provide the (partial) sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the AMF 124. The AMF 124 may forward the (partial) sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the RAN node 102. If the sensing UE 104 requests for sensing resources, the RAN node 102 will provide the (partial) sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the sensing UE 104 in a RRC signalling.
[0127] Alternatively, the SF 126 may provide the (partial) sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the RAN node 102. If the sensing UE 104 requests for sensing resource, the RAN node 102 will provide the (partial) sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the sensing UE 104 in a RRC signalling.
[0128] At Step 304, the SF 126 may trigger a sensing task assignment procedure towards the sensing UE 104. The SF 126 may transmit sensing task information to the sensing UE 104, which may include a sensing task ID, sensing requirements and a sensing reporting configuration etc. For example, the SF 126 may transmit a sensing task ID and sensing requirements to the sensing UE 104 via the AMF 124 and the RAN node 102, or via the RAN node 102 directly to the sensing UE 104. Sensing UE may respond by transmitting a sensing task accept message or indication via the AMF 124 and the RAN node 102 to the SF 126, or via the RAN node 102 directly to the SF 126.
[0129] At Step 305, the sensing UE 104 checks if itself or sensing object is near / within sensing non-allowed area (or is not in the sensing allowed area) . If the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area is in the form of cell list or TAC list, the sensing UE 104 checks whether the broadcasted cell ID or TAC is included in the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area. If the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area is in the form of geographical area, then the sensing UE 104 may trigger positioning procedure to obtain its own position. For the sensing object, the sensing UE 104 may estimate the position of the sensing object based on the reflected sensing signal and its own position. Besides, the sensing UE 104 may estimate if the sensing object will enter the sensing non-allowed area soon based on the sensing data. If the answer is yes, then UE 104 triggers Step 306.
[0130] At Step 306, the sensing UE 104 may transmit an indication that I’ m near or within sensing non-allowed area or an indication that the sensing object is near / within the sensing non-allowed area to the SF 126. Generally, an indication that I’ m near / within sensing non-allowed area or an indication that the sensing object is near / within the sensing non-allowed area can be summarized as an indication of sensing non-allowed area detected. Additionally, the sensing UE 104 may also provide the sensing task ID. For example, the sensing UE 104 may transmit a NAS / RRC message to the AMF 124 / RAN node 102, which contains a sensing message container. The sensing message container includes the indication.
[0131] At Step 307, based on the indication, the SF 126 determines to stop the sensing task, revoke the sensing task, or reselect a new sensing entity for the sensing task. In some examples, if the SF 126 receives an indication that I’ m near / within the sensing non-allowed area, the SF 126 may stop the sensing task, or reselect a new sensing entity for the sensing task. For example, the SF 126 may inform the sensing UE 104 to stop the sensing task and wait for the sensing UE 104 to transmit an indication that I’ m not in the sensing non-allowed area. Then the SF 126 may inform the sensing UE 104 to continue the sensing task. Besides, the SF 126 may also inform the AF 138 that the sensing service is stopped. Alternatively, the SF 126 may inform the sensing UE 104 to stop the sensing task and reselect a new sensing entity. If the SF 126 receives an indication that the sensing object is near / within the sensing non-allowed area, the SF 126 may revoke the sensing task and inform both the sensing UE 104 and the AF 138.
[0132] In some implementations, optionally, at Step 308, the SF 126 may transmit the UE ID, a sensing task ID (optional) and a sensing resource release indication to the serving RAN node 102 of the sensing UE 104. For example, the SF 126 may transmit the UE ID and sensing resource release indication directly to the RAN node 102 or via the AMF 124, which is transparent to the AMF 124. In some embodiments, the UE ID (e.g., SUPI, 5G-S-TMSI, or any UE ID used between the SF 126 and the RAN node 102) is identifiable for the RAN node 102. Optionally, the SF 126 may also provide sensing task ID to the RAN node 102. In some embodiments, either sensing UE 104 or the SF 126 provides the sensing task ID when requesting for the sensing resources. The RAN node 102 reserves the mapping between UE ID or sensing task ID or both (i.e., UE ID and sensing task ID) and sensing resources (which may be identified by a sensing resource index) .
[0133] At Step 309, the SF 126 may transmit the sensing task ID and the sensing stop indication to the sensing UE 104. For example, the SF 126 may transmit the UE ID, the sensing task ID, and the sensing stop indication to the AMF 124. The sensing task ID and the sensing stop indication may be contained in a container between the SF 126 and the AMF 124 (e.g., NAS-SenM container) , which is transparent to the AMF 124. The NAS-SenM (Sensing Management) container is defined between the sensing UE 104 and the SF 126, which is transmitted via the NAS message between the sensing UE 104 and the AMF 124. Then the AMF 124 may translate UE ID into a new UE ID which can be identified by the RAN node 102, e.g., the AMF UE NGAP ID and / or RAN UE NGAP ID. The AMF 124 further may transmit the new UE ID, the sensing task ID and the sensing stop indication to the UE 104.
[0134] In some implementations, optionally, at Step 310, the sensing UE 104 may transmit a sensing resource release indication to the RAN node 102. Besides, the sensing UE 104 may also provide sensing task ID to the RAN node 102. Alternatively, the sensing UE 104 may also provide the sensing resource index. For example, the serving the RAN node 102 may allocate specific sensing resource pool or resource block (RB) , each of which is associated with sensing resource index. Based on the sensing resource index, the serving the RAN node 102 and UE 104 can identify the specific sensing resource (e.g., sensing resource pool or RB) . The sensing UE 104 may also provide a Cause indicating that the sensing object or the sensing UE 104 is within the sensing non-allowed area. Step 308 may be omitted if Step 310 exists. Alternatively, if Step 308 exists, then Step 310 may be omitted.
[0135] In some implementations, optionally, at Step 311, the SF 126 may transmit the sensing task ID and a stop / revoke indication to the AF 138. For example, if the SF 126 decides to stop or revoke the sensing service, the SF 126 may transmit a Nsf_SensingService_response request to the AF 138, which includes both the sensing task ID and the stop / revoke indication. Alternatively, the SF 126 may transmit a Nsf_SensingService_Stop request to provide the sensing task ID to the AF 138. Alternatively, the SF 126 may transmit a Nsf_SensingService_Revoke request to provide the sensing task ID to the AF 138.
[0136] FIG. 4 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure 400 of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing UE based on configuration from an AMF in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In other words, the detection of a sensing non-allowed area is performed by the sensing UE based on configuration received from the AMF. The procedure 400 may involve a sensing UE 104, a RAN node 102, an AMF 124, a SF 126 and an AF 138 or a NEF 136. In some implementations, the procedure 400 may further involve a UDM 128. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 4 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 400 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 400 may be regarded as a specific example of the procedures 200A, 200B or 200C in FIGS. 2A-2C. The same reference numerals are used to denote the elements or components described in FIG. 4 having the same operations as the elements or components described in FIG. 3, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0137] As shown in FIG. 4, optionally, at Step 401, the AMF 124 is preconfigured with sensing non-allowed area information. For example, the AMF 124 may be configured with the sensing non-allowed area information by OAM or based on local configuration.
[0138] Alternatively, the AMF 124 may obtain the sensing non-allowed area after step 402. For example, at step 402a, the AMF 124 retrievals UE 104’s subscription data from the UDM 128, which includes sensing non-allowed area. The sensing non-allowed area information may be contained in the existing subscription data, e.g., Access and Mobility Subscription data. In this way, assume that UE 104 may transmit Registration Request message to the AMF 124, which includes a sensing indication or a sensing capability. Based on the sensing indication or sensing capability, the AMF 124 may provide the UE 104 with the sensing non-allowed area in the Registration Accept message.
[0139] At Step 402, the sensing UE 104 may transmit a registration request towards the AMF 124, which includes sensing capability information. Sensing capability information can include at least one of a sensing capability indication, a supported sensing service type, supported sensing area information, etc.
[0140] At Step 403, the AMF 124 may transmit a registration response to the sensing UE 104, which includes sensing non-allowed area information (or partial sensing non-allowed area information) or sensing allowed area information (or partial sensing allowed area information) .
[0141] The sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area may be updated later. Upon receiving the updated sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information from either OAM or local configuration, the AMF 124 may provide the updated one to the UE 104 accordingly. Then, the SF 126 may trigger a sensing task assignment procedure towards the sensing UE 104, and the sensing UE 104 may checks if itself or sensing object is near / within sensing non-allowed area (or is not in the sensing allowed area) . Subsequent steps may follow steps 304 to 311 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0142] FIG. 5 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure 500 of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a sensing RAN node in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In other words, the detection of a sensing non-allowed area is performed by the sensing RAN node. The procedure 500 may involve a RAN node 102, a SF 126 and an AF 138 or a NEF 136. In some implementations, the procedure 300 may further involve an AMF 124. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 5 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 500 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 500 may be regarded as a specific example of the procedures 200A, 200B or 200D in FIGS. 2A, 2B or 2D.
[0143] The sensing RAN node may obtain sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information in various manners.
[0144] In a first implementation, the AMF may be pre-configured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At Step 501a, the AMF 124 is preconfigured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. For example, the AMF 124 may be configured sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. by OAM or based on local configuration. At Step 502a-1, the sensing RAN node 102 may transmit a NG Setup Request, which includes sensing capability information. At Step 502a-2, the AMF 124 may transmit a NG Setup Response to the sensing RAN node 102, which includes sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. For example, upon receiving the sensing capability information from the sensing RAN node 102, the AMF 124 may respond with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. The sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area may be updated later. Upon receiving the updated sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information from either OAM or local configuration, the AMF 124 may provide the updated one to the RAN node 102 accordingly.
[0145] In a second implementation, the SF may be pre-configured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At Step 501b, the SF 126 is preconfigured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. For example, the SF 126 may be configured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information by OAM or based on local configuration. Alternatively, the AF 138 may provide sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the SF 126 directly or via NEF 136 when requesting sensing service or provide the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information separately. At Step 502b-1, the sensing RAN node 102 may transmit a sensing RAN node association request to the SF 126 directly or via the AMF 124, which includes sensing capability information and location information of the sensing RAN node 102. In this case, sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area may not be the same for all the sensing RAN nodes. At Step 502b-2, the SF 126 may transmit a sensing RAN node association response to the sensing RAN node 102, which includes sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area. The sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area may be updated later. Upon receiving the updated sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information from either OAM or local configuration, the SF 126 may provide the updated one to the sensing RAN node 102 accordingly.
[0146] In a third implementation, the sensing RAN node may be pre-configured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At step 501c, the sensing RAN node 102 is preconfigured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information.
[0147] At Step 503, the SF 126 triggers sensing task assignment procedure towards sensing RAN node 102. At Step 504, the sensing RAN node 102 checks if the sensing object or a sensing UE (e.g., the sensing Tx or the sensing Rx in the bi-static sensing mode) is near / within sensing non-allowed area (or is not in the sensing allowed area) .
[0148] If the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area is in the form of cell list or TAC list, the sensing RAN node 102 checks whether the sensing object or sensing UE is near / within the Cell or Tracking Area of the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area. For example, if the sensing object moves out of the cells managed by the sensing RAN node 102, the sensing RAN node 102 may inform the target sensing RAN node (s) to monitor the sensing object instead. For example, the source sensing RAN node 102 may provide the characteristic of the sensing object (e.g., size, shape, figure, type etc. ) and the location or the moving direction of the sensing object to the target sensing RAN node (s) . The type of the sensing object may include human, car, drone etc. The location or the moving direction of the sensing object is determined by the source sensing RAN node 102 based on the sensing measurement data, which depends on implementation.
[0149] If the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area is in the form of geographical area, the sensing RAN node 102 checks whether the sensing object or sensing UE is near / within the geographical area of the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area. For example, the sensing RAN node 102 may estimate the position of the sensing object based on the reflected sensing signal and its own position. Besides, the sensing RAN node 102 may estimate if the sensing object will enter the sensing non-allowed area soon (or will not be in the sensing allowed area) based on the sensing data. If the answer is yes, then sensing RAN node 102 triggers Step 505.
[0150] At Step 505, the sensing RAN node 102 may transmit an indication of sensing non-allowed area detected. The indication of sensing non-allowed area detected may be implemented in various forms, e.g., (1) an indication that the sensing object is near / within the sensing non-allowed area; (2) an indication that the sensing UE is near / within the sensing non-allowed area; (3) an indication that the sensing object is out of the sensing allowed area; (4) an indication that the sensing UE is out of the sensing allowed area. Additionally, the sensing RAN node 102 may also provide sensing task ID. For sensing RAN node case, the SF 126 knows that sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area by receiving the indication of sensing non-allowed area detected.
[0151] At Step 506, based on the indication, the SF 126 determines to stop the sensing task, revoke the sensing task, or reselect a new sensing entity for the sensing task. For example, if the indication that the sensing object is near / within the sensing non-allowed area is received, the SF 126 may determine to stop the sensing task or revoke the sensing task. If the indication of the sensing UE is near / within the sensing non-allowed area, the SF 126 may determine to stop the sensing task or revoke the sensing task or reselect a new sensing entity for the sensing task.
[0152] At Step 507, the SF 126 may transmit the sensing task ID and the sensing stop indication to the sensing RAN node 102. At Step 508, the SF 126 may transmit the sensing task ID and stop / revoke indication to the AF 138.
[0153] FIG. 6 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure 600 of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a SF in a sensing task performed by a sensing UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In other words, the detection of a sensing non-allowed area is performed by the SF based on the sensing measurement data obtained by the sensing UE. The procedure 600 may involve a sensing UE 104, a RAN node 102, a SF 126 and an AF 138 or a NEF 136. In some implementations, the procedure 600 may further involve an AMF 124. In some implementations, the procedure 600 may further involve a UDM 128. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 6 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 600 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 600 may be regarded as a specific example of the procedures 200A, 200B or 200C in FIGS. 2A-2C. The same reference numerals are used to denote the elements or components described in FIG. 6 having the same operations as the elements or components described in FIG. 3, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0154] The SF 126 may obtain sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information in various manners. In a first implementation, the SF may be pre-configuration with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information, following the step 302a as described with reference to FIG. 3. In a second implementation, the subscription data may include sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information, and the SF 126 retrieves the sensing data management (SensDM) subscription data from the UDM 128, following steps 302b-1 and 302b-2 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0155] Then, at Step 603, the sensing UE 104 may transmit the sensing task ID and sensing measurement data (also referred to as sensing data) to the SF 126. Sensing measurement data may be a sensing timestamp, original channel data (e.g., the received signal or channel response) , delay, doppler shift, angle, signal strength or SINR, distance, velocity, direction, position etc.
[0156] At Step 604, upon receiving the sensing measurement data, the SF 126 checks if the sensing UE 104 or the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area. If the answer is yes, the SF 126 may determine to stop the sensing service, revoke the sensing service or reselect a new sensing entity.
[0157] The sensing UE 104 may also transmit its location information in step 603. Location information of the sensing UE 104 can be coordinates of X, Y and Z. The sensing UE 104 may transmit a location service request to the AMF 124 and receive the location service response, which includes the location information. Alternatively, the SF 126 may transmit a location service request to the AMF 124 or to Location Management Function (LMF) , which includes sensing UE ID (e.g., SUPI) . Then the SF 126 will obtain the location information of the sensing UE 104 from either the AMF 124 or LMF in the location service response. Based on sensing UE 104’s location information either from sensing UE 104, the AMF 124 or LMF, the SF 126 checks whether sensing UE 104 is within the sensing non-allowed area or not.
[0158] Regarding sensing object, the SF 126 may determine the sensing object’s location information based on sensing UE 104’s location information and the sensing measurement data from the sensing UE 104. The SF 126 may determine the sensing object’s location information depending on implementation. Then the SF 126 checks whether sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area or not. Subsequent steps may follow steps 308 to 311 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0159] FIG. 7 illustrates an example implementation of a signalling procedure 700 of detection of a sensing non-allowed area at a SF in a sensing task performed by a sensing RAN node in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In other words, the detection of a sensing non-allowed area is performed by the SF based on the sensing measurement data obtained by the sensing RAN node. The procedure 700 may involve a RAN node 102, a SF 126 and an AF 138 or a NEF 136. In some implementations, the procedure 600 may further involve an AMF 124. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 7 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 700 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The procedure 700 may be regarded as a specific example of the procedures 200A, 200B or 200D in FIGS. 2A, 2B or 2D. The same reference numerals are used to denote the elements or components described in FIG. 7 having the same operations as the elements or components described in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0160] The SF may obtain sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information in various manners.
[0161] In a first implementation, the SF may be pre-configuration with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. For example, at step 701a, the SF 126 may be configured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information by OAM or based on local configuration. Alternatively, the AF 138 may provide sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information to the SF 126 directly or via NEF 136 when requesting sensing service or provide the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information separately.
[0162] In a second implementation, the AMF may provide the SF with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At Step 701b-1, the sensing RAN node 102 may transmit a NG Setup Request, which includes sensing capability information. At Step 701b-2, the AMF 124 may transmit a NG Setup Response to the sensing RAN node 102. At Step 702b-1, the AMF 124 may transmit sensing RAN node 102 information and the sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area to the SF 126. In some embodiments, the AMF 124 is preconfigured with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information by OAM or based on local configuration. Specifically, the AMF 124 may provide a list of sensing RAN node information and the sensing non-allowed area to the SF 126. The sensing RAN node information includes the RAN node ID (e.g., Global the RAN node ID) , location information of the sensing RAN node etc. In this case, sensing non-allowed area is the same for all the sensing RAN nodes. The sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area may be updated later. Upon receiving updated sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area from either OAM or local configuration, the AMF 124 will provide the updated one to the SF 126 accordingly. At Step 702b-2, the SF 126 may transmit a response to the AMF 124.
[0163] In a third implementation, the sensing RAN node may provide the SF with sensing non-allowed area / sensing allowed area information. At Step 701c-1, the sensing RAN node 102 may transmit a sensing RAN node association request to the SF 126 directly or via the AMF 124, which includes sensing capability information, location information of the sensing RAN node 102 and sensing non-allowed area. In this case, sensing non-allowed area may not be the same for all the sensing RAN nodes. At Step 701c-2, the SF 126 may transmit a sensing RAN node association response to the sensing RAN node 102.
[0164] At Step 702, the SF 126 triggers a sensing task assignment procedure towards the sensing RAN node 102. For example, the SF 126 may transmit sensing task assignment request to the sensing RAN node 102, which includes sensing task ID, sensing requirement and sensing reporting configuration etc. The sensing RAN node 102 may transmit sensing task assignment response. At Step 703, the sensing RAN node 102 may transmit the sensing task ID and sensing measurement data to the SF 126.
[0165] At Step 704, upon receiving the sensing measurement data, the SF 126 checks if the sensing object or a sensing UE (e.g., the sensing Tx or the sensing Rx in the bi-static sensing mode) is near / within the sensing non-allowed area. If the answer is yes, the SF 126 may determine to stop the sensing service, revoke the sensing service. Regarding the sensing object, the SF 126 may determine the sensing object’s location information based on sensing RAN node 102’s location information and the sensing measurement data from the sensing RAN node 102. The SF 126 may determine the sensing object’s location information depending on implementation. Then the SF 126 checks whether sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area or not. Subsequent steps may follow steps 507 and 508 as described with reference to FIG. 5.
[0166] With some embodiments of the present disclosure, schemes for detection of sensing non-allowed area are designed.
[0167] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a device 800 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 800 may be an example of a UE 104, a network entity 102, a SMF 126, or an AMF 124 as described herein. The device 800 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities, UEs, or any combination thereof. The device 800 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 802, a memory 804, a transceiver 806, and, optionally, an I / O controller 808. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0168] The processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0169] In some implementations, the processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 802 and the memory 804 coupled with the processor 802 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 802, instructions stored in the memory 804) .
[0170] For example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving from a first apparatus, information of a sensing non-allowed area; and a means for transmitting, to a sensing function (SF) , an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.
[0171] In another example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from a sensing entity, information associated with a sensing task; a means for determining to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information ; and a means for transmitting, to an application function (AF) , an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task.
[0172] In another example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from a sensing entity, sensing capability information of the sensing entity; and a means for transmitting, to the sensing entity or a sensing function (SF) , information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0173] In another example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, sensing capability information of the network entity; a means for transmitting, to a sensing function (SF) , information associated with a sensing task; and a means for receiving, from the SF, an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task.
[0174] The processor 802 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 802 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 802. The processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 804) to cause the device 800 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0175] The memory 804 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 802 cause the device 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 802 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 804 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0176] The I / O controller 808 may manage input and output signals for the device 800. The I / O controller 808 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 806. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 800 via the I / O controller 808 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 808.
[0177] In some implementations, the device 800 may include a single antenna 810. However, in some other implementations, the device 800 may have more than one antenna 810 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 806 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 810, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 806 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 806 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 810 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 810. The transceiver 806 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0178] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 810 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0179] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 810 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0180] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a processor 900 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 900 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 900 may include a controller 902 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 900 may optionally include at least one memory 904, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 900 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 906. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0181] The processor 900 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0182] The controller 902 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 900 to cause the processor 900 to support various operations of a base station in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 902 may operate as a control unit of the processor 900, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 900. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0183] The controller 902 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 904 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 902 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 904. The controller 902 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 902 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 900 to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 902 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 900. The controller 902 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 900.
[0184] The memory 904 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 900 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 904 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 900) . In some other implementations, the memory 904 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 900) .
[0185] The memory 904 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 900, cause the processor 900 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 902 and / or the processor 900 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 904 to cause the processor 900 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 900 and / or the controller 902 may be coupled with or to the memory 904, and the processor 900, the controller 902, and the memory 904 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 900 may include multiple processors and the memory 904 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0186] The one or more ALUs 906 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 906 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 906 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) . One or more ALUs 906 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 906 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 906 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 906 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 906 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0187] For example, the processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving from a first apparatus, information of a sensing non-allowed area; and a means for transmitting, to a sensing function (SF) , an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.
[0188] In another example, the processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a sensing entity, information associated with a sensing task; a means for determining to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information ; and a means for transmitting, to an application function (AF) , an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task.
[0189] In another example, the processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a sensing entity, sensing capability information of the sensing entity; and a means for transmitting, to the sensing entity or a sensing function (SF) , information of a sensing non-allowed area.
[0190] In another example, the processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, sensing capability information of the network entity; a means for transmitting, to a sensing function (SF) , information associated with a sensing task; and a means for receiving, from the SF, an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task.
[0191] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1000 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be performed by the UE 210 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0192] At 1005, the method may include receiving from a first apparatus, information of a sensing non-allowed area. The operations of 1005 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1005 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0193] At 1010, the method may include transmitting, to a sensing function (SF) , an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0194] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1100 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by the SF 126 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0195] At 1105, the method may include receiving, from a sensing entity, information associated with a sensing task. The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0196] At 1110, the method may include determining to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0197] At 1115, the method may include transmitting, to an application function (AF) , an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task . The operations of 1115may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1115may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0198] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1200 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by the AMF 124 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0199] At 1205, the method may include receiving, from a sensing entity, sensing capability information of the sensing entity. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0200] At 1210, the method may include transmitting, to the sensing entity or a sensing function (SF) , information of a sensing non-allowed area. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0201] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1300 that supports detection of a sensing non-allowed area in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by the network entity 102 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0202] At 1305, the method may include transmitting, to a first apparatus, sensing capability information of the network entity. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0203] At 1310, the method may include transmitting, to a sensing function (SF) , information associated with a sensing task. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0204] At 1315, the method may include receiving, from the SF, an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0205] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0206] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0207] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0208] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0209] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0210] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, via the transceiver from a first apparatus, information of a sensing non-allowed area; andtransmit, via the transceiver to a sensing function (SF) , an indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is the SF, and the processor is further configured to:transmit, via the transceiver to the SF, a sensing registration request; andreceive, via the transceiver from the SF, a sensing registration response,wherein the information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the sensing registration response.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine that at least one of a sensing object or the UE is within the sensing non-allowed area.4.The UE of claim 3, wherein the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected comprises at least one of the following:an indication that the UE is within the sensing non-allowed area; oran indication that the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, via the transceiver to the SF, an identity (ID) of a sensing task and that the sensing non-allowed area is detected.6.An apparatus for performing a sensing function (SF) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to:receive, from a sensing entity, information associated with a sensing task;determine to stop or revoke the sensing task based on the received information; andtransmit, to an application function (AF) , an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping or revoking the sensing task.7.The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the information associated with the sensing task comprises an indication that a sensing non-allowed area is detected.8.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the indication that the sensing non-allowed area is detected comprises at least one of the following:an indication that a user equipment (UE) is within the sensing non-allowed area, wherein the UE is the sensing entity, or wherein the sensing entity is a network entity and the UE is a further sensing entity associated with the sensing task; oran indication that a sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.9.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:transmit, to the sensing entity, information of the sensing non-allowed area.10.The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the information associated with the sensing task comprises the ID of the sensing task and sensing measurement data of the sensing task, and the apparatus is further caused to:determine whether a UE or a sensing object is within a sensing non-allowed area based on the sensing measurement data, wherein the UE is the sensing entity, or wherein the sensing entity is a network entity and the UE is a further sensing entity associated with the sensing task; anddetermine to stop or revoke the sensing task, wherein at least one of the UE or the sensing object is within the sensing non-allowed area.11.The apparatus of claim 7 or 10, wherein the sensing entity is a UE, and the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from a unified data management (UDM) , information of the sensing non-allowed area associated with the UE.12.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the sensing entity is a network entity, and the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , information of the network entity and information of the sensing non-allowed area.13.An apparatus for performing an access and mobility management function (AMF) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to:receive, from a sensing entity, sensing capability information of the sensing entity; andtransmit, to the sensing entity or a sensing function (SF) , information of a sensing non-allowed area.14.The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sensing entity is a user equipment (UE) , and the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from the UE, a registration request, wherein the registration request comprises the sensing capability information of the UE; andtransmit, to the UE, a registration response, wherein the information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the registration response.15.The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sensing entity is a network entity, and the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from the network entity, a next generation (NG) setup request, wherein the NG setup request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; andtransmit, to the network entity, a NG setup response, wherein the information of the sensing non-allowed area is comprised in the NG setup response.16.The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sensing entity is a network entity, and the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from the network entity, a next generation (NG) setup request, wherein the NG setup request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; andtransmit, to the SF, information of the network entity and the information of the sensing non-allowed area.17.A network entity comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:transmit, to a first apparatus, sensing capability information of the network entity;transmit, to a sensing function (SF) , information associated with a sensing task; andreceive, from the SF, an identity (ID) of the sensing task and an indication of stopping the sensing task.18.The network entity of claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the AMF, a next generation (NG) setup request, wherein the NG setup request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; andreceive, from the AMF, a NG setup response.19.The network entity of claim 18, the NG setup response comprises information of a sensing non-allowed area.20.The network entity of claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the SF, a sensing entity association request, wherein the sensing entity association request comprises the sensing capability information of the network entity; andreceive, from the SF, a sensing entity association response.