Handling reduced-bandwidth parts and scheduling radio resources in telecommunication network

Abstract

A method for handling BWP and scheduling radio resources in telecommunication network is proposed. The method includes detecting UEs that are utilizing first BWP allocation. Further, creating second BWPs during cell configuration based on PDCCH capacity, number of UEs, and QoS requirements. Further, allocating second BWPs to UE based on the location and key parameters of UE. Further, receiving message from UEs indicating overheating condition. Further, switching from first BWP to second BWP for utilizing by UEs from which overheating condition is received.

Description

HANDLING REDUCED-BANDWIDTH PARTS AND SCHEDULING RADIO RESOURCES IN TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

[0001] The proposed embodiments relate to a telecommunication network system. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to handling Reduced-Bandwidth Part (R-BWP) and scheduling radio resources in telecommunication network.

[0002] The advent of 5G technology has revolutionized mobile network communications by offering unprecedented speeds, lower latency, and higher capacity compared to previous generations such as 4G and 3G. One of the features of 5G is its use of a diverse mix of frequency bands, including low, mid, and high bands, to cater to various use cases. High-frequency bands, such as millimeter-wave (mmWave), provide extremely high speeds but cover smaller areas, while low-frequency bands offer broader coverage at lower speeds. The mid-band frequencies strike a balance between speed and coverage.

[0003] In 5G networks, the concept of cell bandwidth refers to the total spectrum allocated to a 5G cell site, divided into low-band, mid-band, and high-band segments. For instance, the low-band can range up to sub-1 GHz, offering wide coverage with modest bandwidth. The mid-band ranges between 1-6 GHz and provides a balance between speed and coverage. The high-band, which includes mmWave frequencies greater than 24 GHz, delivers high bandwidth but limited coverage, making it suitable for dense urban settings and high-demand locations.

[0004] The principal object of the disclosure herein is to handle R-BWP and to schedule radio resources in a telecommunication network.

[0005] Another object of the disclosure is to avoid service discontinuity and mitigate overheating in the UE by switching to the R-BWP.

[0006] Yet another object of the disclosure is to maintain longer connectivity time of the UE with the network in a low power scenario.

[0007] Yet another object of the disclosure is to create multiple R-BWPs with different PDCCH capacities during cell bring-up, considering the number of UEs to be serviced in the cell and their QoS requirements.

[0008] Yet another object of the disclosure is to group the UEs and allocate different R-BWPs to the group of UEs based on the QoS requirements of the UE.

[0009] Yet another object of the disclosure is to allocate R-BWP based on reported L1 Synchronization Signal Block - Reference Signal Received Power (SSB-RSRP), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) reports, and the location of the UE in history.

[0010] Yet another object of the disclosure is to mitigate thermal heating of UEs by switching to R-BWP.

[0011] Yet another object of the disclosure is to mitigate TTI stretches at the RAN node scheduler by using Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) applications in ORAN architecture.

[0012] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0013] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a scenario of UE utilizing full bandwidth leading to overheating of UE according to prior art.

[0014] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a scenario where BWP allocated to UE does not switch during mobility according to prior art.

[0015] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a complete bandwidth allocation to UE according to prior arts.

[0016] Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a network apparatus for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0017] Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a UE for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0018] Fig. 6 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network by the network apparatus according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0019] Fig. 7 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network by the UE according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0020] Fig. 8A is a schematic diagram that illustrates a creation of R-BWP for the UEs according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0021] Fig. 8B is a schematic diagram that illustrates grouping and allocating R-BWP for UEs according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0022] Fig. 9A is a schematic diagram that illustrates allocation of R-BWP based on the location of UE according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0023] Fig. 9B is a schematic diagram that illustrates allocation of R-BWP based on UE capabilities, L1 RSRP, and location of UEs according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0024] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram that illustrates allocation of R-BWP to UE based on the overheating condition of the UE according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0025] Fig. 11A-Fig. 11B is a sequence diagram that illustrates interaction between the UE and network apparatus for allocation of UE based on the overheating condition of the UE according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0026] Fig. 11C is a schematic diagram that illustrates an MAC CE bit for indicating the overheating condition of UE according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0027] Fig. 12A is a schematic diagram that illustrates scheduling different BWP with different SCS overlapping with each other according to prior arts.

[0028] Fig. 12B is a graphical representation that indicates the proportionality between the number of UEs and time taken for candidate selection according to prior arts.

[0029] Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a network apparatus for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0030] Fig. 14 is a block diagram of an RT-RIC for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0031] Fig. 15 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0032] Fig. 16 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0033] Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram that illustrates AI / ML models that determine radio resources for schedulers to offer different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS RB according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0034] Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a Neural Network (NN) architecture used by a resource estimation model to estimate the slot allocation for UEs according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0035] Fig. 19 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method for training a resource estimation model according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0036] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram that illustrates O-RAN architecture according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0037] Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a process of training a resource estimation model to estimate radio resources for UE according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0038] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a Neural Network (NN) architecture used by a resource allocation model to allocate radio resources for UEs according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0039] Fig. 23 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method for training the resource allocation model to allocate radio resources for UEs according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0040] It may be noted that, to the extent possible, like reference numerals have been used to represent like elements in the drawing. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that elements in the drawing are illustrated for simplicity and may not necessarily have been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the drawing may be exaggerated relative to other elements to improve the understanding of aspects of the disclosure. Further, the elements may have been represented in the drawing by existing symbols, and the drawings may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the disclosure so as not to obscure the drawing with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

[0041] The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of various embodiments of the disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. It includes various specific details to assist in that understanding but these are to be regarded as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

[0042] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not be limited to the bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the disclosure. Accordingly, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of the disclosure is provided for illustration purpose only and not for the purpose of limiting the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0043] It is to be understood that the singular forms "a","an",and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component surface" includes reference to one or more of such surfaces.

[0044] In various examples of the disclosure described below, a hardware approach will be described as an example. However, since various embodiments of the disclosure may include a technology that utilizes both the hardware-based and the software-based approaches, they are not intended to exclude the software-based approach.

[0045] As used herein, the terms referring to merging (e.g., merging, grouping, combination, aggregation, joint, integration, unifying), the terms referring to signals (e.g., packet, message, signal, information, signaling), the terms referring to resources (e.g. section, symbol, slot, subframe, radio frame, subcarrier, resource element (RE), resource block (RB), bandwidth part (BWP), opportunity), the terms used to refer to any operation state (e.g., step, operation, procedure), the terms referring to data (e.g. packet, message, user stream, information, bit, symbol, codeword), the terms referring to a channel, the terms referring to a network entity (e.g., distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), central unit (CU), control plane (CU-CP), user plane (CU-UP), O-DU -open radio access network (O-RAN) DU), O-RU (O-RAN RU), O-CU (O-RAN CU), O-CU-UP (O-RAN CU-CP), O-CU-CP (O-RAN CU-CP)), the terms referring to the components of an apparatus or device, or the like are only illustrated for convenience of description in the disclosure. Therefore, the disclosure is not limited to those terms described below, and other terms having the same or equivalent technical meaning may be used therefor. Further, as used herein, the terms, such as '~ module', '~ unit', '~ part', '~ body', or the like may refer to at least one shape of structure or a unit for processing a certain function.

[0046] Further, throughout the disclosure, an expression, such as e.g., 'above' or 'below' may be used to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or fulfilled, but it is merely of a description for expressing an example and is not intended to exclude the meaning of 'more than or equal to' or 'less than or equal to'. A condition described as 'more than or equal to' may be replaced with an expression, such as 'above', a condition described as 'less than or equal to' may be replaced with an expression, such as 'below', and a condition described as 'more than or equal to and below' may be replaced with 'above and less than or equal to', respectively. Furthermore, hereinafter, 'A' to 'B' means at least one of the elements from A (including A) to B (including B). Hereinafter, 'C' and / or 'D' means including at least one of 'C' or 'D', that is, {'C', 'D', or 'C' and 'D'}.

[0047] The disclosure describes various embodiments using terms used in some communication standards (e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), extensible radio access network (xRAN), open-radio access network (O-RAN) or the like), but it is only of an example for explanation, and the various embodiments of the disclosure may be easily modified even in other communication systems and applied thereto.

[0048] It may be noted that, to the extent possible, like reference numerals have been used to represent like elements in the drawing. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that elements in the drawing are illustrated for simplicity and may not necessarily have been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the drawing may be exaggerated relative to other elements to improve the understanding of aspects of the disclosure. Further, the elements may have been represented in the drawing by existing symbols, and the drawings may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the disclosure so as not to obscure the drawing with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

[0049] As is traditional in the field, embodiments are described and illustrated in terms of blocks that carry out a described function or functions. These blocks, which are referred to herein as managers, units, modules, hardware components, or the like, are physically implemented by analog and / or digital circuits such as logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive electronic components, active electronic components, optical components, hardwired circuits, and the like, and may optionally be driven by firmware and software. The circuits, for example, may be embodied in one or more semiconductor chips or on substrate supports such as printed circuit boards and the like. The circuits constituting a block may be implemented by dedicated hardware or by a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuitry) or by a combination of dedicated hardware to perform some functions of the block and a processor to perform other functions of the block. Each block of the embodiments may be physically separated into two or more interacting and discrete blocks without departing from the scope of the proposed method. Likewise, the blocks of the embodiments may be physically combined into more complex blocks without departing from the scope of the proposed method.

[0050] The accompanying drawings are used to help easily understand various technical features, and it is understood that the embodiments presented herein are not limited by the accompanying drawings. As such, the proposed method is construed to extend to any alterations, equivalents, and substitutes in addition to those which are particularly set out in the accompanying drawings. Although the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are generally used to distinguish one element from another.

[0051] To optimize spectrum resource usage and reduce power consumption, 5G introduced the concept of Bandwidth Parts (BWPs). A BWP is a subset of the overall carrier bandwidth allocated to a User Equipment (UE). Multiple BWPs can be configured within the same frequency carrier, each with different subcarrier spacing (SCS) and other radio parameters. This allows the network to dynamically adjust the size of the active spectrum portion in use, thereby improving spectral efficiency.

[0052] A single UE can be configured with up to four BWPs for Downlink (DL) and Uplink (UL), although only one BWP will be active at any given time. The BWP configuration includes parameters such as subcarrier spacing, frequency location, BWP bandwidth size, Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) related Control Resource Set (CORESET), search space, and other DL / UL channel parameters. The network supports BWP switching based on its configurations to optimize performance.

[0053] However, several challenges arise in the current 5G system. During instances of internal overheating, the UE can report its condition to the network using the Radio Resource Control (RRC) message known as UE Assistance Information. This message allows the UE to indicate configurations such as reduced maximum component carriers (CCs), reduced maximum bandwidth, and reduced maximum MIMO layers. Based on this information, the network can reconfigure the UE to mitigate overheating.

[0054] Despite these measures, the higher bandwidths supported by New Radio (NR) in 5G can lead to increased power consumption, especially when larger bandwidths are allocated to the UE. This can result in faster battery depletion during overheating or low battery conditions, potentially leading to service discontinuity for the UE.

[0055] Additionally, the occurrence of Transmission Time Interval (TTI) stretches can be high due to lower TTI periodicities in 5G and beyond. Different services having different SCS can increase the chances of TTI stretches due to the selection of candidate UEs.

[0056] These issues highlight the need for improved solutions to address the disadvantages, shortcomings, or inefficiencies in the current 5G system, or at least to provide useful alternatives.

[0057] Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 through 24, where similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the figure, these are shown preferred embodiments.

[0058] Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the scenario of the UE utilizing full bandwidth leading to overheating of the UE according to prior art. Consider a network apparatus (101) provides network services to a UE (103). The network apparatus (101) provides the network services to the UE (103) through the defined bandwidth part. Particularly, the defined bandwidth part is a subset of full carrier bandwidth that can be used by the UE (103) to receive the network services from the network apparatus (101). The utilization of the full bandwidth part by the UE (103) leads to more resource consumption and thus affects the thermal characteristics of the UE (103). The more resource consumption leads to more heating of the UE (103). Thus, there is a need for an efficient technique to handle BWP allocation and mitigate the thermal heat of the UE (103).

[0059] Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the scenario where BWP allocated to the UE does not switch during mobility, according to prior art. Consider one or more UEs (1031,1032,1033) is operating in a cell that is served by a base station (herein after the base station and network apparatus is interchangeably used) (101). The one or more UEs (1031,1032,1033) may be allocated with BWP1, BWP2 or BWP3 with increasing frequencies. For example, the UE (1031) is allocated the BWP1 (BWP1 is having lower frequency) during the cell establishment phase with base station (101) and the UE (1031) may be situated at the cell center. Similarly, the UE (1032) and the UE (1033) is allocated with BWP1 and BWP3 respectively. Also, when the UE (1031) moves along the cell and reaches the cell edge, the UE (1031) receives the network services from the base station through the BWP1 that was initially allocated. However, the UE (1031) encounters service discontinuity at the cell edge due to the low frequency bandwidth allocated. In existing techniques, during cell bring up, multiple BWPs are not dynamically created and does not consider UEs proximity while configuring BWP. Hence, the frequency resources are not used in an optimal way and leads to poor user experience.

[0060] Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that illustrates a complete bandwidth allocation to UE according to prior arts. NR supports higher bandwidth in a cell, and complete larger bandwidth can be allocated to one or more UEs. Even if the UE's Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) requirement can be supported by fewer RBs, legacy implementations allocate the complete bandwidth RBs to the UE irrespective of the bearer characteristics. This approach leads to inefficient utilization of resources and can cause unnecessary power consumption. For instance, if the UE is monitoring the PDCCH search space or PDSCH data for the entire bandwidth, it might result in higher power consumption. This increased power consumption is particularly problematic during conditions such as UE overheating or low battery, as it can drain the UE battery faster and potentially lead to service discontinuity. For example, if a UE has one bearer and its QoS can be served using a fraction of the bandwidth considering the channel quality, the remaining bandwidth RBs are not efficiently utilized. Additionally, the BWP can be configured based on the slice or service split at the cell to serve a particular group of UEs' requirements. However, current configurations do not mitigate thermal heating or save power by adjusting BWPs, leading to higher power consumption and affecting service continuity when the UE overheats.

[0061] The proposed solution provides a method for handling RBWP in a telecommunication network. The proposed multiple BWPs with different PDCCH capacities are created during cell bring-up based on the number of UEs to be serviced in the cell and their QoS requirements. In the proposed solution, UEs are grouped and allocated to different R-BWPs that match their service's QoS / QoE and thermal mitigation needs. The solution also allocates the R-BWP to the UE based on reported L1 SSB-RSRP CQI reports and the location of the UE in history. Allocating and switching the UE to the R-BWP mitigates thermal heating in the UE. Additionally, the proposed solution involves overlapping BWPs with different SCS RBs scheduling for different services, which need to be managed by AI / ML in schedulers based on KPIs. These KPIs can include the history of SRS reports, HARQ, CQI reports, L1 RSRPs, best beams, service history of PRB usages, all tagged with location and UEs, and the like. This intelligent and dynamic allocation of resources not only optimizes bandwidth utilization but also significantly reduces power consumption and thermal issues, enhancing the overall efficiency and reliability of the telecommunication network.

[0062] Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the network apparatus for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein. The network apparatus (501) includes a processor (503), an I / O interface (505), a memory (507), and a bandwidth handler (509). The network apparatus (501) are the hardware devices that can be used to manage and maintain a network and network services offered to the UE and other devices associated with the network apparatus. For example, the network apparatus can be a base station and gNodeB. Furthermore, the processor (503) of the network apparatus (501) communicates with the memory (507), the I / O interface (505), and the bandwidth handler (509). The processor (503) is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory (507) and to perform various processes. The processor (503) can include one or a plurality of processors, can be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and / or an Artificial Intelligence (AI) dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU).

[0063] Furthermore, the memory (507) of the network apparatus (501) includes storage locations that can be addressed through the processor (503). The memory (507) is not limited to volatile or non-volatile memory and can include one or more computer-readable storage media. Non-volatile storage elements such as magnetic hard disks, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, EPROM, or EEPROM memories can also be included in the memory (507). Further, the memory (507) of the network apparatus (501) can store various information received from the UE, such as UE capability information, UE assistance information indicating the overheating condition / low power saving, and the like.

[0064] The I / O interface (505) transmits information between the memory (507) and external peripheral devices, which are input-output devices associated with the network apparatus (501). The I / O interface (505) receives various information from the UE. This information can include, but is not limited to, UE capability information, UE assistance information indicating the overheating condition / low power saving, and the like.

[0065] The bandwidth handler (509) communicates with the I / O interface (505) and memory (507) for handling R-BWP in the telecommunication network. The bandwidth handler (509) detects a plurality of UEs that are utilizing the BWP allocation. Further, the bandwidth handler (509) creates a plurality of second BWPs during cell configuration based on the PDCCH capacity, the number of UEs to be served, and the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the network cell. The second BWP is a subset of the first BWP. Additionally, the bandwidth handler (509) allocates the second BWP to the UE based on the location of the UE and key parameters of the UE. Further, the bandwidth handler (509) receives messages from the UEs indicating an overheating condition. The key parameters can include, but are not limited to, reported L1SSB-Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) reports, and the location of the UE. Moreover, the bandwidth handler (509) switches from the first BWP to the second BWP for utilization by the UE from which the overheating condition is received.

[0066] The first BWP is the initial BWP, and the second BWP is the R-BWP. The second BWP is created by receiving the service requirements from the UE and the indication for supporting the power-saving mode from the UE. Upon receiving these indications, the bandwidth handler (509) determines whether the network cell associated with the network apparatus (501) supports power saving at the UE and overheating mitigation at the UE. Furthermore, the bandwidth handler (509) divides the first BWP into one or more second BWPs based on the key requirements requested by the UE when the network cell associated with the network apparatus (501) supports power saving at the UE and overheating mitigation at the UEs. The key requirements can include, but not limited to the PDCCH capacity, number of UEs to be served and Quality of Service (QOS) requirement. Also, the created second BWPs are associated with one or more parameters such as PDCCH configuration size for the second BWP and Sub Carrier Spacing (SCS).

[0067] Upon the creation of the second BWP, the bandwidth handler (509) allocates one or more second BWPs to the UE. For performing the allocation, the bandwidth handler (509) groups one or more UEs having similar QoS requirements, QoE requirements, and thermal mitigation service requirements. Upon grouping, the bandwidth handler (509) allocates one or more second BWPs to each group of UEs based on the associated QoS requirements, QoE requirements, and thermal mitigation service requirements. In an embodiment, the bandwidth handler (509) allocates the second BWPs to one or more UEs during the cell establishment phase based on the location of the UE. The second BWPs are associated with one of high frequency, mid frequency, or low frequency. The bandwidth handler (509) allocates the second BWP with high frequency or mid frequency for one or more UEs located near the network cell center. Also, the bandwidth handler (509) allocates the second BWP with low frequency for one or more UEs located at the cell edge.

[0068] Additionally, the bandwidth handler (509) dynamically reallocates the second BWPs while one or more UEs are in mobility. The bandwidth handler (509) can monitor the location of one or more UEs in mobility and determine the location of the UE. Further, based on the location, the bandwidth handler (509) reallocates the second BWPs with high frequency or mid frequency for the UE located near the cell center. Similarly, the bandwidth handler (509) reallocates the second BWPs with low frequency for the UE located at the cell edge. Furthermore, the bandwidth handler (509) switches one or more UEs from the first BWP to the allocated second BWPs for receiving network services when the indication of an overheated condition is received from one or more UEs. Particularly, the bandwidth handler (509) switches one or more UEs to the second BWPs based on the maximum second BWP indicated by the UE when the indication of the overheated condition is received from one or more UEs. However, the bandwidth handler (509) continues to utilize the first BWP when the indication of an overheated condition is not received from one or more UEs. The indication of the overheated condition can be provided by the UE in one or more signaling messages such as the RRC message, the UE assistance information message, the Layer 2 signaling message, and the MAC signaling message.

[0069] The bandwidth handler (509) optimizes network performance by efficiently managing UEs with thermal issues without compromising QoS for others. It dynamically allocates and reallocates BWPs based on real-time conditions like UE location and thermal status, maintaining a balanced network load. By monitoring key parameters and promptly addressing overheating, the bandwidth handler (509) enhances network reliability and efficiency, ensuring appropriate service levels for all UEs while mitigating thermal issues. Additionally, it integrates with other network management systems for comprehensive optimization, collaborating with power management systems to improve energy efficiency and reduce costs. Utilizing advanced algorithms and real-time data, the bandwidth handler (509) makes informed decisions that benefit both the network operator and end users. This integration allows the network to adapt to varying conditions and demands, providing a robust and flexible solution for modern communication needs.

[0070] In an embodiment, the bandwidth handler (509) transmits the UE capability request message to the one or more UEs. This request message is designed to prompt the UE to report its current capabilities, including any limitations or conditions that may affect its performance. Upon receiving this request, the UE responds with a capability information message that includes details about its current state, such as an overheating condition. The overheating condition impacts the UE's performance and longevity. The bandwidth handler (509) then receives this capability information message and takes note of the overheating condition reported by the UE.

[0071] Further, the bandwidth handler (509) receives a UE assistance information message from the UE. This message includes specific details about the maximum second Bandwidth Part (BWP) that the UE can support under its current conditions, including the overheating state. The second BWP is typically a lower bandwidth allocation compared to the first BWP, which helps in reducing the processing load and, consequently, the heat generated by the UE. Based on the maximum second BWP indicated by the UE, the bandwidth handler (509) makes an informed decision to switch the one or more UEs from the first BWP to the second BWP. This switch is a strategic move to mitigate the overheating condition and ensure the UE continues to operate efficiently without risking damage due to excessive heat.

[0072] In another embodiment, the bandwidth handler (509) receives a Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling message from the UE. This MAC signaling message includes the overheating status of the UE, indicating whether the UE is currently overheated or not. The bandwidth handler (509) analyzes the MAC signaling message to determine the overheating status, which can be set to either ON or OFF. If the overheating status is set to ON, indicating that the UE is experiencing an overheating condition, the bandwidth handler (509) promptly switches the UE from the first BWP to the second BWP. This switch helps in reducing the thermal load on the UE, thereby mitigating the overheating condition. Conversely, if the overheating status in the MAC signaling message is set to OFF, indicating that the UE is not overheated, the bandwidth handler (509) continues to utilize the first BWP allocated to the UE, ensuring performance without unnecessary bandwidth reduction. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the UE operates within safe thermal limits while maintaining efficient bandwidth usage.

[0073] Fig. 5 is the block diagram that illustrates the UE for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein. The UE (601) includes a processor (603), an I / O interface (605), a memory (607), and an R-BWP handler (609). For example, the UE (601) can be one of a mobile device, smartphone, laptop, or desktop. Furthermore, the processor (603) of the UE (601) communicates with the memory (607), the I / O interface (605), and the bandwidth handler (609). The processor (603) is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory (607) and to perform various processes. The processor (603) can include one or a plurality of processors, can be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and / or an Artificial Intelligence (AI) dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU).

[0074] Furthermore, the memory (607) of the UE (601) includes storage locations that can be addressed through the processor (603). The memory (607) is not limited to volatile or non-volatile memory and can include one or more computer-readable storage media. Non-volatile storage elements such as magnetic hard disks, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, EPROM, or EEPROM memories can also be included in the memory (607). Further, the memory (607) of the UE (601) can store various information received from the network apparatus (501) such as a UE capability enquiry, UE context modification request message that indicates the UE (601) to switch to the R-BWP.

[0075] The I / O interface (605) transmits information between the memory (607) and external peripheral devices, which are input-output devices associated with the UE (601). The I / O interface (605) receives various information from the network apparatus (501). This information can include, but is not limited to, a UE capability enquiry, UE context modification request message that indicates the UE (601) to switch to the R-BWP (hereinafter the R-BWP is interchangeably used as second BWP).

[0076] The bandwidth handler (609) communicates with the I / O interface (605) and memory (607) for handling R-BWP in the telecommunication network. The bandwidth handler (609) is an innovative hardware device that combines analog and digital circuits, including logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive and active electronic components, and optical components. This sophisticated integration ensures efficient bandwidth management and allocation in dynamic network environments. The blend of analog and digital circuits provides high precision and reliability in signal processing, while optical components enhance data transmission speeds and reduce latency.

[0077] The bandwidth handler (609) receives the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus (501). The second BWP is a subset of a first BWP, allowing for more granular control over bandwidth resources. This allocation process is critical for optimizing network performance and ensuring that resources are used efficiently. Further, the bandwidth handler (609) transmits a message to indicate an overheating condition to the network apparatus (501). This proactive communication helps prevent potential damage to the hardware and maintains the stability of the network. By utilizing the second BWP to access network services from the network apparatus (501), the bandwidth handler (609) can effectively mitigate the overheating condition, ensuring continuous and reliable operation.

[0078] Additionally, the bandwidth handler (609) transmits service requirements and indications to support power-saving mode to the network apparatus (501). In response to sending these indications, the bandwidth handler (609) receives the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus (501) based on the service requirements and indications to support power-saving mode. This feature is particularly important in energy-conscious environments where reducing power consumption is a priority. In an embodiment, the bandwidth handler (609) transmits the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, Quality of Experience (QoE) requirements, or thermal mitigation service requirements to the network apparatus (501). In response, the bandwidth handler (609) receives the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus (501) based on these specific requirements. This ensures that the network can adapt to varying conditions and maintain optimal performance, providing users with a seamless and high-quality experience.

[0079] Fig. 6 is the flow diagram that illustrates the method for handling R-BWP in a telecommunication network by network apparatus according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0080] At block 701, the method includes detecting the one or more UEs (601) that are utilizing the first BWP allocation. The first BWP is the initial BWP allocation to the one or more UEs (601) for receiving the network services.

[0081] At block 703, the method includes creating the one or more R-BWPs during the cell configuration for the one or more UEs (601) based on the PDCCH capacity, the number of the UEs (601) to be served, the QoS requirement of the network cell, the service requirements, capability of the UE to support the power-saving mode, and capability of the UE (601) to indicate an overheating condition. The R-BWP is dynamically created for the one or more UEs (601) based on the PDCCH capacity, the number of the UEs to be served, the QoS requirement of the network cell, the service requirements, capability of the UE (601) to support the power-saving mode, and capability of the UE (601) to indicate an overheating condition.

[0082] At block 705, the method includes allocating the second BWP to the one or more UEs (601) based on the location of the UE (601), QoS requirements, QoE requirements, thermal mitigation, service requirement, reported L1SSB-RSRP, and CQI reports. In an embodiment, the second BWPs are allocated to the one or more UEs (601) having similar QoS requirements, QoE requirements, and thermal mitigation requirements, location of the UE (601). In an embodiment, the second BWPs are allocated dynamically to the one or more UEs (601) based on the location of the UE (601). Particularly, the network apparatus (501) allocates the second BWPs with high frequency or mid frequency for one or more UEs (601) that are located near the cell center. Also, the network apparatus (501) allocates the second BWPs with low frequency for the one or more UEs (601) that are located near the cell edge.

[0083] At block 707, the method includes receiving the signaling message from the UE (601) indicating the overheated condition. The signaling message can include the overheating status for the UE (601) and the maximum R-BWP size supported by the UE (601). The signaling message can be, but is not limited to, an RRC message, UE assistance information message, L2 signaling message, or MAC message.

[0084] At block 709, the method includes switching the UE (601) from the first BWP to the second BWP based on the maximum second BWP upon receiving the indication of the overheated condition for the UE in the signaling message.

[0085] Fig. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for handling Reduced Bandwidth Part (R-BWP) in a telecommunication network by User Equipment (UE). This method optimizes network performance and ensures efficient power consumption and thermal management of the UE.

[0086] At block 801, the method includes receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus (501). The second BWP, a subset of the first BWP, meets specific service requirements and power-saving needs. The UE (601) indicates its support for power-saving mode to the network apparatus (501), ensuring operation within an optimal bandwidth that conserves energy while maintaining necessary quality of service (QoS). The second BWP allocation is based on factors such as QoS, Quality of Experience (QoE), or thermal mitigation service requirements, balancing network load and enhancing user experience.

[0087] At block 803, the method includes transmitting a message indicating an overheating condition to the network apparatus (501). This message can be a signaling message such as the Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, UE assistance information message, Layer 2 (L2) signaling message, or Medium Access Control (MAC) message. By communicating the overheating condition, the UE allows the network apparatus (501) to make appropriate adjustments, preventing potential damage and maintaining performance.

[0088] At block 805, the method includes the UE (601) utilizing the second BWP to access network services from the network apparatus (501) to mitigate the overheating condition. Operating within the second BWP reduces power consumption and thermal output, alleviating the overheating condition. The network apparatus (501) continues to provide necessary services within the constraints of the second BWP, ensuring minimal impact on user experience. This method demonstrates a balanced approach to managing network resources and UE performance, highlighting the importance of adaptive bandwidth allocation in modern telecommunication networks.

[0089] Fig. 8A is a schematic diagram illustrating the creation of R-BWPs for UEs according to the disclosed embodiments. The network apparatus (501) performs the creation of multiple R-BWPs via cell setup or modification, either at the RAN node or near the RT-RIC. It divides the total cell bandwidth into smaller chunks called bandwidth parts (BWPs), which are then assigned to specific UEs (601) based on their key requirements. Multiple UEs can share a single BWP within a cell, with the maximum number determined by the BWP size, purpose, SCS, PDCCH configuration, and dynamic reports from the RAN scheduler.

[0090] The network apparatus (501) can also provide services like power saving and overheating mitigation by dividing a BWP into one or more R-BWPs. Each R-BWP has different PDCCH configurations, sizes, and SCS. For example, a BWP can be divided into multiple R-BWPs (e.g., R-BWP1, R-BWP2, R-BWP3, R-BWPN) to serve different groups of UEs.

[0091] Additionally, the network apparatus (501) can dynamically adjust R-BWPs based on real-time network conditions and UE requirements. During high congestion, it reallocates R-BWPs to optimize bandwidth usage and maintain service quality. Conversely, during low traffic, it consolidates R-BWPs to reduce power consumption. This dynamic allocation ensures efficient network operation and meets diverse UE needs.

[0092] Furthermore, the network apparatus (501) can use advanced algorithms to predict bandwidth demand and adjust R-BWPs preemptively. By analyzing historical data and usage patterns, it forecasts peak usage times and manages R-BWP allocation proactively. This predictive approach reduces latency, maintains high-speed connectivity, and enhances overall network efficiency, ensuring optimal resource utilization and superior UE service.

[0093] Fig. 8B illustrates the grouping and allocation of R-BWP for UEs as per the disclosed embodiments. During cell creation, various R-BWPs with different PDCCH capacities are used based on the number of UEs (601) and their QoS needs. UEs (601) are grouped and assigned to R-BWPs according to thermal mitigation, QoS, and QoE requirements. If a UE (601) overheats, it can switch to a reduced BWP that matches its QoS needs, preventing service discontinuity and mitigating overheating.

[0094] With fewer RBs in the R-BWP, power saving and overheating mitigation for the UE (601) are achieved, allowing longer connectivity even in low power scenarios. The dynamic allocation and reallocation of R-BWPs ensure that UEs (601) receive necessary bandwidth while optimizing power consumption and thermal performance. This resource management maintains high service quality and user experience under varying network conditions and UE states.

[0095] The system's ability to adjust R-BWP allocations based on real-time UE (601) data enhances network efficiency. During peak usage, UEs (601) with higher QoS needs are prioritized with higher PDCCH capacity R-BWPs, while those with lower needs get fewer resources. This optimizes resource utilization, maintains thermal balance, prevents overheating, and extends device lifespan. The flexible R-BWP allocation allows the network to adapt quickly to changes in user demand and environmental conditions, ensuring a robust and resilient communication infrastructure.

[0096] Fig. 9A is the schematic diagram that illustrates the allocation of the Reduced Bandwidth Part (R-BWP) based on the location of the User Equipment (UE) according to the embodiments disclosed herein. Consider the one or more UEs (6011, 6012, 6013) operating in the network cell and receiving network services from the network apparatus (501). During the cell bring-up, multiple reduced BWPs are dynamically created with varying Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) capacities based on the number of UEs to be serviced in the cell as well as their Quality of Service (QoS) needs. Further, during the connection establishment of the one or more UEs (6011, 6012, 6013) with the network apparatus (501), the network apparatus (501) configures or allocates the one or more UEs (6011, 6012, 6013) with the one R-BWP based on the location of the UE (601). For example, the UE (6011) is situated at the cell center, and hence the network apparatus (501) allocates the R-BWP with higher frequency, that is, R-BWPN. Similarly, the UE (6012) is also situated at the cell center, and hence the network apparatus (501) allocates the R-BWP(N+1 / 2) having the higher frequency. Additionally, the UE (6013) is situated at the cell beginning, and hence the network apparatus (501) allocates the R-BWP3 having the next higher frequency.

[0097] Upon establishing a connection, the network apparatus (501) monitors the location of UEs (6011, 6012, 6013) and adjusts resource allocation accordingly. This monitoring is used for optimal network performance and resource management. As UEs move within the cell, the network apparatus (501) adapts to these changes. For example, if UE (6011) moves from the cell center to the edge (Fig. 9A), it reallocates UE (6011) to R-BWP1 with a lower frequency, ensuring adequate service.

[0098] Dynamic reallocation of R-BWPs based on UE location optimizes frequency resource use and enhances user experience. By adjusting frequency allocations, the network apparatus (501) effectively manages interference and provides stable, reliable connections. This strategy maximizes spectrum efficiency and meets varying QoS requirements. UEs at the cell edge need robust connections due to weaker signals, while UEs at the center benefit from higher frequencies for better data rates. Thus, this dynamic allocation ensures a balanced, efficient network that adapts to real-time user demands and movements.

[0099] Fig. 9B is the schematic diagram that illustrates allocation of the R-BWP based on the UE capabilities, L1 RSRP, and location of UEs according to the embodiments disclosed herein. Consider the UE (6011) is establishing a connection with the network apparatus (501) in the network cell. During the connection establishment, the network apparatus (501) estimates whether the UE (6011) is situated near the cell, at the cell center, or at the cell edge based on the UE capabilities, UE's L1 RSRP, and location of the UE. Upon estimating, the network apparatus (501) selects the R-BWP based on the estimated / received UE location and configures the R-BWP for overheat mitigation and power-saving purposes.

[0100] Further, the network apparatus (501) selects the R-BWP related to higher frequencies of subcarriers if the UE (6011) is situated at the cell center. This selection is advantageous because higher frequency subcarriers can provide higher data rates, which are more efficiently utilized when the UE is in a position with strong signal strength and lower path loss, typically found at the cell center. Conversely, the network apparatus (501) selects the R-BWP related to lower frequencies of subcarriers if the UE (6011) is situated at the cell edge for better coverage. Lower frequency subcarriers have better propagation characteristics, which are beneficial for maintaining a stable connection and ensuring adequate coverage at the cell edge where signal strength is weaker.

[0101] Moreover, the network apparatus (501) reconfigures the R-BWPN to R-BWP1 (i.e., from higher frequency subcarrier R-BWP to lower frequency subcarrier R-BWP) when the UE (6011) is moving from the cell center to the cell edge based on L3 RRC Measurement reports, and vice-versa. This dynamic reconfiguration ensures that the UE maintains optimal performance and connectivity as it moves within the cell. Additionally, the network apparatus (501) configures multiple R-BWPs (one R-BWP with a lower frequency subcarrier and one R-BWP with a higher frequency) during the initial attach or hand-in. This pre-configuration allows for seamless switching between R-BWPs based on real-time L1-RSRP reports, thereby enhancing the overall user experience by reducing latency and improving connection reliability.

[0102] Fig. 10 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the allocation of the R-BWP to the UE based on the overheating condition of the UE according to the embodiments disclosed herein. Primarily, consider the network apparatus (501) configures the UE (601) with up to 4 BWPs where one of the BWPs is configured for the purpose of thermal mitigation, that is, R-BWP and Initial BWP or first Active BWP for sending or receiving the data. Further, the UE (601) reports to the network apparatus (501) indicating the overheating condition when the UE (601) is overheated. The UE (601) reports to the network apparatus (501) about the overheated condition by using one of the RRC UE Assistance information procedure L2 Scell CQI value. Upon receiving the indication of the overheated condition, the network apparatus (501) performs the L2 level BWP switching from FULL or initial or current active BWP to the R-BWP. Switching to the R-BWP will help the UE (601) to decode fewer PDCCH instances. Also, the R-BWP is configured with spaced PDCCH and lesser BWP size compared to the Active BWP (which is used based on service bandwidth required). Hence, the less PDCCH decoding ensures the reduction in battery usage and less thermal generation since the number of blind decodings is reduced. Further, when the UE (601) thermal mitigation succeeds and the UE (601) heat is normal, the network apparatus (501) can trigger the BWP switching from R-BWP to Full / Active BWP based on the bandwidth / service requirements.

[0103] Fig. 11A is the sequence diagram that illustrates the interaction between the UE and the network apparatus for allocation of the UE based on the overheating condition of the UE at Layer 3 (RRC layer) according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0104] At step S1, the network apparatus (501), which is a centralized Point (513), sends a UE capability enquiry message to the UE (601).

[0105] At step S2, the UE (601) sends the UE capability information message to the CP (513) that indicates the capability information of the UE (601). The capability information can include the overheatingInd status indicating whether the UE (601) is overheated or not.

[0106] At step S3, the CP (513) determines whether the overheatingInd status is indicated in the UE capability information message. Further, the CP (513) configures the UE (601) to report the overheating assistance information with prohibit timer in the RRC Reconfiguration message when the overheatingInd status is indicated in the UE capability information message.

[0107] At step S4, the UE (601) sends the RRC reconfiguration complete message to the CP (513) indicating the successful reception of the RRC reconfiguration message.

[0108] At step S5, the UE (601) sends the UE assistance information to the CP (513). The UE assistance information for overheating and power saving preference comprises one or more information elements. The one or more information elements can include, but are not limited to, reducedMaxCCs, reducedMaxBW-FR1, reducedMaxBW-FR2, reducedMIMO-LayersFR1-DL, reducedMIMO-LayersFR1-UL, reducedMIMO-LayersFR2-DL, reducedMIMO-LayersFR2-UL, and reducedMaxBwpSize. Particularly, the reducedMaxBwpSize indicates the maximum R-BWP size supported by the UE (601).

[0109] At step S6, upon reception of the UEAssistanceInformation message from the UE (601), the CP (517) sends a UE context modification request message to a Distributed unit (511) to perform Scell activation / deactivation or to switch from BWP to R-BWP.

[0110] At step S7, the DU (511) performs SCell activation / deactivation and MIMO layer rank limitation based on the one or more parameters. For example, if the reducedMaxBwpSize IE is included as part of the UE assistance information, the DU (511) switches to the R-BWP from the current / initial BWP to mitigate the thermal heating of the UE (601).

[0111] At step S8, the DU (511) sends a UE context modification response to the CP (513) indicating completion of switching to R-BWP or performing Scell activation / deactivation.

[0112] Fig. 11B is the sequence diagram that illustrates interaction between the UE and network apparatus for allocation of UE based on overheating condition of the UE at Layer 2 (MAC layer) according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0113] At step S1, consider the UE (601) and network apparatus (501) is performing a high-speed data communication. Due to the high-speed data communication, the UE (601) can get overheated.

[0114] At step S2, when the UE (601) gets overheated, the UE (601) sends a MAC Control Element OverheatInd as "ON" to network apparatus (501). The indication of the OverheatInd as ON can be provided in a signaling message. The MAC CE bit for indicating overheat condition is as shown in Fig. 11C.

[0115] At step S3, the network apparatus (501) performs one or more operations upon receiving the MAC CE with OverheatInd as "ON". The one or more operations can include, but not limited to, reduce Max MIMO layer, deactivate sCells, switch to reduced BWP by using BWP switching procedure. The switching from the BWP to the R-BWP mitigates the thermal overheat condition at the UE (601).

[0116] At step S4, the UE (601) can send MAC CE OverheatInd as "OFF" to the network apparatus (501) when the thermal overheat condition is reduced at the UE (601). Further, the network apparatus (501) after receiving the MAC CE with OverheatInd as "OFF" can perform one or more operations. The one or more operations can include, but not limited to, switch reduced BWP to initial BWP or actual BWP by using BWP switching procedure, activate sCell, increase Max MIMO layer.

[0117] Fig. 12A is the schematic diagram that illustrates scheduling different BWP with different SCS overlapping with each other according to prior arts. In existing techniques, scheduling different BWPs to one or more UEs within stipulated time may be difficult to cater to all different services with different SCS overlapping over each other. The time-consuming task here is the candidate selection and resource allocation. The candidate across the different BWP with different SCS needs to be selected and the resource allocation also needs to map the different SCS operation, which would make operation more complex. For example, as shown in Fig. 12A, the slot 0 for SCS 60Khz BWP spans twice the slot of 120Khz BWP for which the scheduler has to check the frequency resources as well as time domain resources. Also, with the increase in the number of UEs, the time required for selecting the candidates also increases. The graphical representation of indicating the increase in the number of the UE being directly proportional to the time required for candidate selection is as shown in Fig. 12B.

[0118] Fig. 13 is the block diagram that illustrates the network apparatus for scheduling radio resources in the telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein. The network apparatus (1401) includes a processor (1403), an I / O interface (1405), a memory (1407), and a radio resource scheduler (1409). The network apparatus (1401) are the hardware devices that can be used to manage and maintain a network and network services offered to the UE and other devices associated with network apparatus (1401). For example, the network apparatus (1401) can be a base station and gNodeB. Furthermore, the processor (1403) of the network apparatus (1401) communicates with the memory (1407), the I / O interface (1405), and the radio resource scheduler (1409). The processor (1403) is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory (1407) and to perform various processes. The processor (1403) can include one or a plurality of processors, can be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and / or an Artificial Intelligence (AI) dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU).

[0119] Furthermore, the memory (1407) of the network apparatus (1401) includes storage locations that can be addressed through the processor (1403). The memory (1407) is not limited to volatile or non-volatile memory and can include one or more computer-readable storage media. Non-volatile storage elements such as magnetic hard disks, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, EPROM, or EEPROM memories can also be included in the memory (1407). Further, the memory (1407) of the network apparatus (1401) can store various information received from the RT-RIC such as radio resources allocated to the one or more UEs.

[0120] The I / O interface (1405) transmits information between the memory (1407) and external peripheral devices, which are input-output devices associated with the network apparatus (1401). The I / O interface (1405) receives various information from the RT-RIC. This information can include but is not limited to radio resources that need to be allocated to the one or more UEs and the like.

[0121] The radio resource scheduler (1409) communicates with the I / O interface (1405) and memory (1407) for scheduling radio resources in the telecommunication network. The radio resource scheduler (1409) is an innovative hardware that is realized through the physical implementation of both analog and digital circuits, including logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive and active electronic components, as well as optical components. Also, the radio resource scheduler (1409) is realized through the physical implementation of both analog and digital circuits, including logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive and active electronic components, as well as optical components. The radio resource scheduler (1409) of the network apparatus (1401) schedules the radio resources for the plurality of the UEs associated with overlapping BWPs having different SCS. The radio resource scheduler (1409) receives the preconfigured scheduling information from the RT-RIC for scheduling the radio resources for the plurality of UEs. The scheduling information can include but is not limited to a start slot in the physical resource block, Physical Resource Block (PRBs), Control Channel Element (CCEs), Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) layers, and Antenna ports. Further, the radio resource scheduler (1409) schedules the radio resources for the plurality of UEs based on the scheduling information received from the RT-RIC.

[0122] The radio resource scheduler (1409) receives the preconfigured scheduling information in response to transmitting the KPI information to the RT-RIC. The KPI information can include but is not limited to SRS reports, HARQ, CQI reports, L1 RSRPs, buffer status report, bearer QoS requirement, service history of PRB usages that are tagged with location and the UEs. The overlapping BWPs between the UEs can be the overlapping between the initial BWPs associated with plurality or UEs or can be the overlapping between the initial BWP and the R-BWP associated with the plurality of the UEs.

[0123] Fig. 14 is the block diagram of the RT-RIC for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein. The RT-RIC (1501) includes a processor (1503), an I / O interface (1505), a memory (1507), and a radio resource scheduler (1509). Furthermore, the processor (1503) of the RT-RIC (1501) communicates with the memory (1507), the I / O interface (1505), and the radio resource scheduler (1509). The processor (1503) is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory (1507) and to perform various processes. The processor (1503) can include one or a plurality of processors, can be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and / or an Artificial Intelligence (AI) dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU).

[0124] Furthermore, the memory (1507) of the RT-RIC (1501) includes storage locations that can be addressed through the processor (1503). The memory (1507) is not limited to volatile or non-volatile memory and can include one or more computer-readable storage media. Non-volatile storage elements such as magnetic hard disks, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, EPROM, or EEPROM memories can also be included in the memory (1507). Further, the memory (1507) of the RT-RIC (1501) can store various information received from the network apparatus (1401) such as KPI information that is required to schedule the radio resources for the one or more UEs.

[0125] The I / O interface (1505) transmits information between the memory (1507) and external peripheral devices, which are input-output devices associated with the RT-RIC (1501). The I / O interface (1505) receives various information from the network apparatus (1401). This information can include, but is not limited to, KPI information that is required to schedule the radio resources for the one or more UEs. The radio resource scheduler (1509) communicates with the I / O interface (1505) and memory (1507) for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network. The radio resource scheduler (1509) is an innovative hardware that is realized through the physical implementation of both analog and digital circuits, including logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive and active electronic components, as well as optical components. The radio resource scheduler (1509) receives the KPI information from the network apparatus (1401). The KPI information can include, but is not limited to, the SRS reports, the buffer status reports, the bearer QoS requirement, the HARQ, the CQI reports, the L1 RSRPs, the service history of PRB usages that are tagged with location and the UEs. Further, the radio resource scheduler (1509) stores the received KPI information from the network apparatus (1401).

[0126] The radio resource scheduler (1509) determines preconfigured resource scheduling information based on the received KPI information using the resource estimation model and resource allocation model. The radio resource scheduler (1509) transmits the determined preconfigured resource scheduling information to the network apparatus (1401) to allocate the radio resources for the plurality of the UEs that perform different services on the overlapping BWPs with different SCS. Particularly, the radio resource scheduler (1509) inputs the KPI information to the resource estimation model to estimate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs. Further, the resource estimation model estimates the first data set that includes the starting resource block, the total number of resource blocks, the number of slots assigned, and the SCS for the UE based on the KPI information. Further, the resource estimation model sends the estimated first dataset to the resource allocation model. The resource allocation model determines the resource scheduling information based on the received first dataset, past state of the PRBs, and the current state of the PRBs to allocate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS using the resource allocation model.

[0127] The resource estimation model and the resource allocation model are the DNN models, generative adversarial network models, RNN models, or CNN models. Also, before the resource estimation model and the resource allocation models are used for inferring the results for the resource scheduling, these models are trained. The training of these models is carried out until the performance of the models meets a predefined threshold value. Once the performance of these models meets the predefined threshold value, then these models are deployed for the implementation and for inferring the results for the resource scheduling for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS. Particularly, the resource estimation model is trained using localized training or federated learning. During the training, the resource estimation model inputs the KPI information to the resource estimation model to estimate the radio resources. Further, the resource estimation model is trained using the KPI information for a fixed number of iterations or until the performance of the resource estimation model meets the pre-defined threshold value. Further, the resource estimation is deployed to estimate the first data set when the performance of the resource estimation model meets the pre-defined threshold value. However, the resource estimation model is continued to be trained using the KPI information when the performance of the resource estimation model does not meet the pre-defined threshold value.

[0128] During the training of the resource allocation model, the first data set obtained by the resource estimation model is inputted to the resource allocation model. The first data set includes, but is not limited to, starting resource block, total number of resource blocks, number of slots assigned, and SCS for the UE. The training of the resource allocation model is performed for a fixed number of iterations or until the performance of the resource allocation model meets a pre-defined threshold value. Further, the resource allocation model is deployed to determine the resource scheduling information for the plurality of UEs when the performance of the resource allocation model meets the pre-defined threshold value. However, the resource allocation model is continued to be trained using the first data set when the performance of the resource allocation model does not meet the pre-defined threshold value.

[0129] Fig. 15 is the flow diagram that illustrates the method for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein. At block 1601, the method includes scheduling radio resources for a plurality of UEs associated with overlapping BWPs with different SCS. This involves determining the allocation of bandwidth parts (BWPs) and subcarrier spacing (SCS) for each user equipment (UE) to ensure efficient use of the available spectrum. At block 1603, the method includes receiving the preconfigured scheduling information from the RT-RIC (1501) to schedule the radio resources for the plurality of UEs. The scheduling information can include, but is not limited to, start slot in the physical resource blocks (PRBs), PRBs, control channel elements (CCEs), modulation and coding schemes (MCS), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) layers, and antenna ports. At block 1605, the method includes receiving the preconfigured scheduling information from the RT-RIC (1501) to schedule the radio resources for the plurality of UEs, ensuring that the scheduling is optimized based on the preconfigured parameters.

[0130] Fig. 16 is the flow diagram that illustrates the method for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network according to embodiments disclosed herein. At block 1701, the method includes receiving the key performance indicator (KPI) information from the network apparatus (1401) to provide the resource scheduling information. The KPI information can include, but is not limited to, sounding reference signal (SRS) reports, buffer status reports, bearer quality of service (QoS) requirements, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback, channel quality indicator (CQI) reports, layer 1 reference signal received power (L1 RSRP) measurements, service history of PRB usages tagged with location, and the UEs. At block 1703, the method includes storing the received KPI information. At block 1705, the method includes determining the preconfigured resource scheduling information based on the KPI information using the resource estimation model and the resource allocation model. At block 1707, the method includes transmitting the preconfigured resource scheduling information to the network apparatus (1401) to allocate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS. The preconfigured scheduling information can include, but is not limited to, the start slot in the PRBs, PRBs, CCEs, MCS, MIMO layers, and antenna ports.

[0131] Fig. 17 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the AI / ML model that determines radio resources for schedulers to offer different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS RB according to embodiments disclosed herein. The RT-RIC (1501) determines the resource scheduling information for the network apparatus (1401) using the AI / ML models. Particularly, the RT-RIC (1501) determines the resource scheduling information using a resource estimation model (1801) and a resource allocation model (1803). The resource estimation model (1801) and the resource allocation model (1803) can be a Neural Network model. The RT-RIC (1501) receives the KPI information from the network apparatus (1401). The KPI information can include, but is not limited to, history of SRS reports, HARQ, CQI reports, L1 RSRPs, best beams, service history of PRB usages, all tagged with location and UEs. Also, the RT-RIC (1501) stores the KPI information received from the network apparatus (1401). Further, the RT-RIC (1501) inputs the KPI information to the resource estimation model (1801). Further, the resource estimation model (1801) estimates a tuple of information based on the KPI information. The tuple of information can include, but is not limited to, starting RB, number of RBs, number of slots, and the SCS associated with the UE. Further, the tuple of information generated by the resource estimation model (1801) is provided as an input to the resource allocation model (1803). Also, the present state and past state of the Physical Resource Bearer (PRB) block are given as input to the resource allocation model (1803). Further, the resource allocation model (1803) allocates the radio resources / slots to the UE based on the tuple of information associated with the UE and the present state and past state of the Physical Resource Bearer (PRB) block. The resource allocation model (1803) allocates the slots for the UEs to access network services from the network apparatus (1401). Also, the resource allocation model (1803) predicts the future state if a tuple's allocation is feasible based on the past states and the slot allocation.

[0132] Fig. 18 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the Neural Network (NN) architecture used by the resource estimation model to estimate the slot allocation for UEs according to embodiments disclosed herein. The resource estimation model (1801) is solving a regression task that is predicting tuples of starting RB, number of RBs, number of slots, and the SCS. Particularly, a neural network approach is used to predict the tuples of starting RB, number of RBs, number of slots, and the SCS. The resource estimation model (1801) estimates the tuple of information based on the training of the model. The resource estimation model (1801) can be, but is not limited to, Dense Neural Network (DNN), Generative Adversarial Network (GANs), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The resource estimation model (1801) is trained by giving a large number of inputs that indicate the KPI information of the one or more UEs to estimate the tuple of information for the UE. The input information is passed through multiple layers to provide a refined output. The hyper-parameters like the number of hidden layers, learning rate, dimension of hidden layers, weight initialization, etc., are adjusted using hyper-parameter optimization. Also, the hyper-parameters will be different for each VRAN / ORAN / CRAN depending upon the environment. Based on the training, the resource estimation model (1801) provides a tuple of information as the output. The tuple of information is starting RB, number of RBs, number of slots, and the SCS associated with the UE. Also, the larger the number of inputs given for the model during training, the greater the accuracy of the output provided by the model.

[0133] Fig. 19 is the flow diagram that illustrates the method for training resource estimation model, according to embodiments disclosed herein. At block 2001, the method includes providing a collection of dataset that includes the KPI information of the one or more UEs as input to the resource estimation model (1801). At block 2003, the method includes training the resource estimation model (1801) using the collection of the dataset. The resource estimation model (1801) can be trained using local training or a federated training. At block 2005, the resource estimation model (1801) is trained using a local training. During the local training, the KPI list is provided as input to the neural network. Further, the prediction of the neural network is obtained by forward propagation which obtained as product of the weights and input KPI list. The prediction gives tuples of start RB, no of RBs, no of slots, subcarrier spacing as output. The neural networks weights are adjusted using back propagation. It updates the weights using the loss calculated after each iteration of training. After completion of the training the resource estimation model is deployed. For example, the training of the resource estimation model is performed using the below code:

[0134]

[0135] At block 2007, the resource estimation model (1801) is trained using thefederated training. During the federated training, the resource estimation model (1801) is trained on the dataset which contains the KPI list and output tuples. The model hyperparameters like number of layers, initialization, number of nodes in each layer etc. depend upon the data. Before initiating the training, hyperparameter optimization is carried out to tune the parameters. Further, the resource estimation model training is done in central or edge cloud and then deployed in Base Stations (BS). For example, the BS is, but not limited to RAN elements such enodeb, gnodeb DU. Back propagation step for weight updation requires significant computational resources and hence training is not possible on BS. We can only deploy a trained neural network on BS. To measure the continuous performance and efficacy of the model, loss function is calculated at periodic intervals. If the model's prediction accuracy goes down then it is retrained on an updated dataset. This makes the model more adaptable to changing user conditions and environments.

[0136] At block 2009, the method includes determining, whether the performance of the resource estimation model (1801) meets a minimum threshold. At block 2011, the method includes deploying the resource estimation model (1801) in O-RAN system for estimating the radio resource, when the performance of the resource estimation model (1801) meets the minimum threshold. However, the resource estimation model (1801) is continued training, when the performance of the resource estimation model (1801) does not meet the minimum threshold. At block 2013, the method includes determining the tuple of information such as starting RB, no of RBs, no of slots and the SCS associated with the UE.

[0137] Fig. 20 is the schematic diagram that illustrates O-RAN architecture according to embodiments disclosed herein. The proposed solution can be easily integrated with O-RAN based solutions for wider deployment. The RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) customizes network optimization for each network environment and use case. Virtualization (NVF or containers) creates software app infrastructure and a cloud-native environment for RIC. Near-RT RIC leverages embedded Intelligence and is responsible for per-UE controlled load-balancing, RB management, interference detection and mitigation, QoS management, connectivity management, and seamless handover control. The RIC can be deployed as a VNF, a set of VMs, or CNF and provides a scalable platform to onboard third-party control applications. It leverages a Radio-Network Information Base (R-NIB) database, which captures the near real-time state of the underlying network. Hence, the information stored can be used to train and deploy the resource estimation model (1801) and resource allocation model (1803) in the O-RAN system.

[0138] The RIC's ability to integrate third-party applications provides a flexible and extensible platform that can adapt to various network demands and innovations. This modularity ensures that operators can implement new functionalities without overhauling the entire system, thereby reducing operational costs and deployment times. Furthermore, the use of virtualization technologies such as NVF and containers allows for efficient resource utilization and scalability. This is particularly beneficial in dynamic network environments where the demand for resources can fluctuate significantly. By leveraging a cloud-native environment, the RIC can dynamically allocate resources based on real-time data, ensuring optimal network performance and user experience.

[0139] Fig. 21 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the process of federated training of the resource estimation model to estimate radio resources for UE according to embodiments disclosed herein. Federated Learning enables ORANs / CRANs / VRANs to collaboratively learn a shared PUCCH RA model while keeping all the training data on edge cloud, decoupling the ability to do machine learning from the need to store the data in the central cloud. Firstly, a local ORAN / CRAN / VRAN downloads the current model from the central cloud. Further, the model is improved by learning from the data at the local ORAN / VRAN / CRAN and then summarizes the changes as a small, focused update. Further, only this update to the model is sent to the central cloud using encrypted communication, where it is immediately averaged with other user updates to improve the shared model. Hence, federated learning allows training a model with a very large dataset and varying environments. Federated training also takes into account the different computational resources present at the edge cloud / VRAN / ORANs and distributes the training load accordingly. Also, the distributed training will allow the model to run on RAN systems with varying specifications and help the operator to develop a neural network that will work for all of them. As a result, federated learning will increase the efficacy of the model as it will be able to perform in environments which were not previously present at a particular ORAN / CRAN / VRAN.

[0140] The decentralized nature of federated learning ensures data privacy and security, as sensitive user data does not need to be transferred to a central location. Additionally, federated learning can lead to faster model convergence, as it leverages the computational power of multiple edge devices. This distributed approach not only enhances the robustness of the model but also ensures that it is updated with the latest data, thereby maintaining high accuracy and relevance. By accommodating varying computational resources, federated learning ensures that even less powerful edge devices can contribute to the model training process, making the system more inclusive and efficient.

[0141] Fig. 22 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the Neural Network (NN) architecture used by the resource allocation model to allocate radio resources for UEs according to embodiments disclosed herein. The resource allocation model (1803) determines resource scheduling information to allocate the radio resources for the one or more UEs. The resource allocation is a regression task that predicts the start slot in the PRB that can be used to allocate resources for the one or more UEs. The resource allocation model (1803) can be a DNN, GAN, RNN, or CNN. The hyper-parameters like the number of hidden layers, learning rate, dimension of hidden layers, weight initialization, etc., are adjusted using hyper-parameter optimization. These hyper-parameters will be different for each scheduler depending upon the environment and current and past state of PRB. The resource allocation model (1803) receives the tuple of information such as start RBs, number of RBs, number of slots, and current PRB allocation table as input from the resource estimation model (1801). Further, the resource allocation model (1803) determines resource scheduling information such as the slot allocation for the one or more UEs based on the tuple of information received from the resource estimation model (1801).

[0142] The adaptability of the resource allocation model to different neural network architectures (DNN, GAN, RNN, CNN) allows for a tailored approach to resource management, optimizing performance based on specific network conditions and requirements. Hyper-parameter optimization ensures that the model is fine-tuned for maximum efficiency, taking into account the unique characteristics of each network environment. This level of customization is used for maintaining high levels of QoS and ensuring seamless connectivity for end-users. By leveraging advanced machine learning techniques, the resource allocation model can dynamically adjust to changing network conditions, providing a robust solution for real-time resource management.

[0143] Fig. 23 is the flow diagram that illustrates the method for training the resource allocation model to allocate radio resources for UEs according to embodiments disclosed herein. At block 2401, the method includes receiving by the resource allocation model (1803) the tuple of information as an input from the resource estimation model (1801). Further, at block 2403, the method includes training the resource allocation model (1803). The resource allocation model (1803) is trained using isolated training. Also, the training can be performed for a fixed number of iterations until the performance of the resource allocation model (1803) reaches a minimum performance threshold. At block 2405, the method includes determining whether the resource allocation model (1803) has met the minimum performance threshold. At block 2407, the method includes deploying the resource allocation model (1803) in the O-RAN system when the resource allocation model (1803) has met the minimum performance threshold. However, the resource allocation model (1803) is continued to train when the minimum performance threshold is not met. At block 2409, the trained resource allocation model (1803) determines the scheduling information for the slot allocation based on the tuple of information received from the resource estimation model (1801). Also, the performance parameters are monitored continuously; if the performance of the allocated parameters by the model goes below the minimum threshold, then the model is trained again and redeployed.

[0144] This iterative training and deployment process ensures that the resource allocation model remains highly effective and responsive to real-time network conditions. Continuous monitoring of performance parameters allows for proactive adjustments, ensuring that the model consistently meets the required performance standards. This approach not only enhances the reliability of the network but also minimizes downtime and service disruptions. By continuously refining the model based on real-world data, operators can ensure optimal resource allocation, thereby improving overall network efficiency and user satisfaction.

[0145] In one aspect, the objectives are achieved by providing a method for handling reduced Bandwidth Parts (RBWP) in a telecommunication network. The method includes detecting by a network apparatus a plurality of User Equipment (UEs) that are utilizing a first Bandwidth Part (BWP) allocation. Further, the method includes creating by the network apparatus a plurality of second BWP during cell configuration based on a PDCCH capacity, number of UEs to be served, and Quality of Service (QOS) requirement of the network cell, wherein the second BWP is a subset of the first BWP. Further, the method includes allocating by the network apparatus the second BWP to UE based on the location of the UE and key parameters of the UE. Further, the method includes receiving by the network apparatus a message from the UEs indicating an overheating condition. Further, the method includes switching by the network apparatus from the first BWP to the second BWP for utilization by the UE from which the overheating condition is received.

[0146] In an embodiment, the first BWP is an initial BWP and the second BWP is a reduced BWP.

[0147] In an embodiment, the method of creating a plurality of second BWP during cell configuration includes receiving by the network apparatus service requirements from the UE and an indication to support power saving mode. Further, the method includes determining by the network apparatus whether a network cell of the network apparatus supports power saving at the UEs and overheating mitigation at the UEs. Further, the method includes dividing by the network apparatus the first BWP into a plurality of second BWP based on the key requirements of the UE when the network cell of the network apparatus supports power saving at the UEs and overheating mitigation at the UEs.

[0148] In an embodiment, each of the second BWP from the plurality of second BWPs is associated with a PDCCH configuration size for the second BWP and Sub Carrier Spacing (SCS).

[0149] In an embodiment, the method of allocating the second BWP to UE includes grouping by the network apparatus two UEs from the plurality of UEs having similar QoS requirements, Quality of Experience (QoE) requirements, or thermal mitigation service requirements. Further, the method includes allocating by the network apparatus different second BWPs for each group of UEs having similar QoS requirements, Quality of Experience (QoE) requirements, or thermal mitigation service requirements.

[0150] In an embodiment, the method of allocating the second BWP to UE includes determining by the network apparatus whether the location of the UE is near to the network apparatus (network cell center) or farther from the network apparatus (network cell edge) during the connection establishment with the UE. Further, the method includes allocating by the network apparatus the second BWP associated with higher frequency or mid frequency to the UE when the UE is located closer to the network apparatus. Also, the method includes allocating by the network apparatus the RBWP associated with lower frequency to the UE when the UE is located farther from the network apparatus.

[0151] In an embodiment, the method includes determining by the network apparatus whether the location of the UE is closer to the network apparatus (network cell center) or farther from the network apparatus (network cell edge) during the mobility of the UE. Further, the method includes reallocating the UE with a second BWP associated with higher frequency when the UE is located closer to the network apparatus. Also, the method includes reallocating the UE with one second BWP associated with lower frequency when the one UE is located farther from the network apparatus.

[0152] In an embodiment, the method of switching from the first BWP to the second BWP for utilization by the UE includes receiving by the network apparatus a signaling message from the UE indicating whether the UE is overheated and the maximum second BWP that the UE is able to support. Further, the method includes switching by the network apparatus the UE from the first BWP to the second BWP based on the maximum second BWP indicated by the UE when the UE is indicated as overheated. Further, the method includes continuing utilizing by the network apparatus the first BWP allocated to UE when the UE is indicated as not overheated.

[0153] In an embodiment, the signaling message is a Radio Resource Configuration (RRC) message, UE assistance information message, Layer 2 signaling message, and Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element.

[0154] In an embodiment, the method of switching from the first BWP to the second BWP for utilization by the UE includes transmitting by the network apparatus a UE capability request message to the UE. Further, the method includes receiving by the network apparatus a UE capability information message indicating the overheating condition from the UE. Further, the method includes transmitting by the network apparatus an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE requesting to report overheating assistance information with a prohibit timer. Further, the method includes receiving by the network apparatus a UE assistance information message from the UE, wherein the UE assistance information comprises the maximum second BWP supported by the UE. Further, the method includes switching by the network apparatus the UE from the first BWP to the second BWP based on the maximum second BWP indicated by the UE to mitigate the overheating condition of the UE.

[0155] In an embodiment, the method of switching from the first BWP to the second BWP for utilization by the UE includes receiving by the network apparatus a MAC signaling message from the UE. The MAC signaling message comprises an overheating status that indicates whether the UE is overheated or not. Further, the method includes determining by the network apparatus whether the overheating status is set to ON or OFF from the MAC signaling message. Further, the method includes switching by the network apparatus the UE from the first BWP to the second BWP to mitigate the overheating condition of the UE when the overheating status in the MAC signaling message is set to ON. Also, the method includes continuing utilizing by the network apparatus the first BWP allocated to UE when the overheating status in the MAC signaling message is set to OFF.

[0156] In an embodiment, the key parameters are reported L1SSB-Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) reports, and location of the UE.

[0157] Accordingly, the embodiment herein is to provide a method for handling BWP in a telecommunication network. The method includes receiving by a User Equipment (UE) a second BWP allocation from a network apparatus. The second BWP is a subset of a first BWP. Further, the method includes transmitting by the UE a message to indicate an overheating condition to the network apparatus. Further, the method includes utilizing by the UE the second BWP to access network services from the network apparatus to mitigate the overheating condition.

[0158] In an embodiment, the method to receive the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus includes transmitting by the UE service requirements and an indication to support power saving mode to the network apparatus. Further, the method includes receiving by the UE the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus. The second BWP is a subset of the first BWP.

[0159] In an embodiment, the method to receive the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus includes transmitting by the UE QoS requirements, Quality of Experience (QoE) requirements, or a thermal mitigation service requirement to the network apparatus. Further, the method includes receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus based on the QoS requirements, the Quality of Experience (QoE) requirements, or the thermal mitigation service requirement.

[0160] Accordingly, the embodiment herein is to provide a method for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network. The method includes scheduling by a network apparatus radio resources for a plurality of UEs associated with overlapping BWPs with different Subcarrier Spacing (SCS). Further, the method includes receiving by the network apparatus preconfigured scheduling information from a Real Time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) to schedule the radio resources for the plurality of UEs. Further, the method includes scheduling by the network apparatus the radio resources for the plurality of UEs based on the preconfigured scheduling information.

[0161] In an embodiment, the method to receive preconfigured scheduling information from a Real Time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) to schedule the radio resources for the plurality of UEs includes transmitting by the network apparatus Key Performance Indicator (KPI) information to Real Time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) to provide resource scheduling information. The KPI information comprises Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) reports, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) reports, L1 (Reference Signal Received Power) RSRPs, Buffer status report, bearer QoS requirement, service history of Physical Resource Block (PRB) usages that are tagged with location and UEs. Further, the method includes receiving by the network apparatus the preconfigured scheduling information from the RT RIC to schedule the radio resources for the plurality of UEs.

[0162] In an embodiment, the preconfigured scheduling information comprises a start slot in the physical resource block, Physical Resource Block (PRBs), Control Channel Element (CCEs), Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) layers, and Antenna ports.

[0163] In an embodiment, the overlapping BWPs are overlapping between the initial BWPs associated with a plurality of UEs and overlapping between R-BWPs and initial BWPs associated with the plurality of UEs.

[0164] In another aspect, the embodiment herein is to provide a method for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network. The method includes receiving by an RT-RIC KPI information from the network apparatus to provide resource scheduling information. The KPI information comprises SRS reports, Buffer status reports, bearer QoS requirements, HARQ, CQI reports, L1 RSRPs, service history of PRB usages that are tagged with location and UEs. Further, the method includes storing by the RT-RIC the KPI information received from the network apparatus. Further, the method includes determining by the RT-RIC the preconfigured resource scheduling information based on the KPI information using one resource estimation model and resource allocation model. Further, the method includes transmitting by the RT-RIC the preconfigured resource scheduling information to the network apparatus to allocate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS.

[0165] In an embodiment, the method to determine the resource scheduling information includes inputting by the RT-RIC the KPI information to a resource estimation model to estimate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS. Further, the method includes estimating by the RT-RIC one first dataset that includes starting resource block, total number of resource blocks, number of slots assigned, and SCS for the UE based on the KPI information using the resource estimation model. Further, the method includes inputting by the RT-RIC the first dataset that includes starting resource block, total number of resource blocks, number of slots assigned, and SCS for the UE to a resource allocation model to determine the resource scheduling information. Further, the method includes determining by the RT-RIC the resource scheduling information based on the first dataset, past state of physical resource block, and current state of the physical resource block to allocate resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS using the resource allocation model.

[0166] In an embodiment, the resource estimation model and the resource allocation model are a dense neural network, generative adversarial network, recurrent neural network, or convolutional network.

[0167] In an embodiment, the method includes inputting by the RT-RIC the KPI information to a resource estimation model to estimate the radio resources. Further, the method includes training by the RT-RIC the resource estimation model using the KPI information for a fixed number of iterations or until resource estimation model performance is greater than a pre-defined threshold value. Further, the method includes determining by the RT-RIC whether the performance of the resource estimation model is greater than the pre-defined threshold value. Further, the method includes estimating by the RT-RIC the first dataset that includes starting resource block, total number of resource blocks, number of slots assigned, and SCS for the UE based on the KPI information using the resource estimation model when the performance of the resource estimation model is greater than the pre-defined threshold value. Also, the method includes continuing training by the RT-RIC the resource estimation model using the KPI information for a fixed number of iterations or until resource estimation model performance is greater than a pre-defined threshold when the performance of the resource estimation model is not greater than the pre-defined threshold value.

[0168] In an embodiment, the resource estimation model is trained using localized training or federated learning.

[0169] In an embodiment, the method includes inputting by the RT-RIC the first dataset obtained from the resource estimation model to the resource allocation model to allocate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs. The first dataset comprises starting resource block, total number of resource blocks, number of slots assigned, and SCS for the UE. Further, the method includes training by the RT-RIC the resource allocation model using the first dataset for a fixed number of iterations or until resource allocation model performance is greater than a pre-defined threshold value. Further, the method includes determining by the RT-RIC whether the performance of the resource estimation model is greater than the pre-defined threshold value. Further, the method includes determining by the RT-RIC the resource scheduling information based on the first dataset, past state of physical resource block, and current state of the physical resource block to allocate resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS using the resource allocation model when the performance of the resource allocation model is greater than the pre-defined threshold value. Also, the method includes continuing training by the RT-RIC the resource allocation model using the first dataset for a fixed number of iterations or until resource allocation model performance is greater than a pre-defined threshold value when the performance of the resource allocation model is not greater than the pre-defined threshold value.

[0170] In yet another aspect, the embodiment herein is to provide a network apparatus for handling reduced Bandwidth Parts (RBWP) in a telecommunication network. It comprises a processor and a bandwidth handler communicatively coupled to the processor. The bandwidth handler is configured to detect a plurality of User Equipment (UEs) that are utilizing a first Bandwidth Part (BWP) allocation. Further, the bandwidth handler creates a plurality of second BWP during cell configuration based on a PDCCH capacity, number of UEs to be served, and Quality of Service (QOS) requirement of the network cell, wherein the second BWP is a subset of the first BWP. Further, the bandwidth handler allocates the second BWP to UE based on the location of the UE and key parameters of the UE. Further, the bandwidth handler receives a message from the UEs indicating an overheating condition. Further, the bandwidth handler switches from the first BWP to the second BWP for utilization by the UE from which the overheating condition is received.

[0171] Accordingly, the embodiment herein is to provide a UE for handling BWP in a telecommunication network. The UE comprises a processor and a bandwidth handler communicatively coupled to the processor. The bandwidth handler is configured to receive a second BWP allocation from a network apparatus, wherein the second BWP is a subset of a first BWP. Further, the bandwidth handler transmits a message to indicate an overheating condition to the network apparatus. Further, the bandwidth handler utilizes the second BWP to access network services from the network apparatus to mitigate the overheating condition.

[0172] Accordingly, the embodiment herein is to provide a network apparatus for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network. The network apparatus includes a processor and a radio resource scheduler communicatively coupled to the processor. The radio resource scheduler is configured to schedule radio resources for a plurality of UEs associated with overlapping BWPs with different Subcarrier Spacing (SCS). Further, the radio resource scheduler receives preconfigured scheduling information from a Real-Time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) to schedule the radio resources for the plurality of UEs. Further, the radio resource scheduler schedules the radio resources for the plurality of UEs based on the preconfigured scheduling information.

[0173] Accordingly, the embodiment herein is to provide an RT-RIC for scheduling radio resources in a telecommunication network. The RT-RIC includes a processor and a radio resource scheduler communicatively coupled to the processor. The radio resource scheduler is configured to receive KPI information from the network apparatus to provide resource scheduling information. The KPI information comprises SRS reports, Buffer status reports, bearer QoS requirements, HARQ, CQI reports, L1 RSRPs, and service history of PRB usages that are tagged with location and UEs. Further, the radio resource scheduler stores the KPI information received from the network apparatus. Further, the radio resource scheduler determines the preconfigured resource scheduling information based on the KPI information using the resource estimation model and resource allocation model. Further, the radio resource scheduler transmits the preconfigured resource scheduling information to the network apparatus to allocate the radio resources for the plurality of UEs that perform different services on overlapping BWPs with different SCS.

[0174] According to an embodiment, a method performed by a network apparatus, comprises detecting a plurality of user equipment (UE) that are utilizing a first bandwidth part (BWP) allocation, identifying a plurality of second BWPs based on at least one of a channel capacity, the number of the plurality of UEs to be served, or quality of service (QOS) requirement of a cell of network apparatus, wherein the plurality of second BWPs are subset of the first BWP, and receiving a message indicating overheating condition from a UE among the plurality of UEs, and switching a BWP allocated for the UE, from the first BWP to one of the plurality of second BWPs.

[0175] For example, a frequency range of the first BWP is greater than a frequency range of each of the plurality of second BWPs.

[0176] For example, the method comprises receiving at least one of service requirements from the UE, an indication to support power saving mode, determining whether the cell of the network apparatus supports power saving operation for the plurality of UEs, and based on determining that the cell of the network apparatus supports the power saving operation for the plurality of UEs, dividing the first BWP into the plurality of second BWPs.

[0177] For example, the method comprises each of the plurality of second BWPs is associated with a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) configuration, size for corresponding second BWP and sub carrier spacing (SCS).

[0178] For example, the method comprises grouping at least two UEs from the plurality of UEs having at least one of similar QoS requirements, quality of experience (QoE) requirements or thermal mitigation service requirement, and allocating different second BWPs for each group of UEs.

[0179] For example, the method comprises determining, based on a distance between the network apparatus and the UE, a type of the UE, allocating one of the plurality of second BWPs according to the type of the UE.

[0180] For example, the type of the UE determined one of a first type and a second type. When the UE corresponds to an edge UE, the type of the UE determined as the first type. When the UE corresponds to a center UE, the type of the UE determined as the second type.

[0181] For example, the method comprises, based on the type of the UE being the first type, allocating a second BWP associated with higher frequency or mid frequency to the UE.

[0182] For example, the method comprises, based on the type of the UE being the second type, allocating a second BWP associated with low frequency to the UE.

[0183] For example, the method comprises receiving a signaling message from the UE indicating whether the UE is overheated and the maximum second BWP that the UE is able to support.

[0184] For example, the signaling message is at least one of a radio resource configuration (RRC) message, UE assistance information message, layer 2 signaling message and medium access control (MAC) control element.

[0185] According to an embodiment, a method performed by a user equipment (UE), comprises receiving a second bandwidth part (BWP) allocation from a network apparatus, wherein the second BWP is a subset of a first BWP, transmitting a message to indicate overheating condition to the network apparatus, and utilizing the second BWP to access network services from the network apparatus to mitigate the overheating condition.

[0186] For example, receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus comprises transmitting at least one of service requirements and indication to support power saving mode to the network apparatus, and receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus.

[0187] For example, receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus comprises transmitting at least one of a quality of service (QoS) requirements, a quality of experience (QoE) requirements, or a thermal mitigation service requirement to the network apparatus, and receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus based on at least one of the QoS requirements, the QoE requirements, or the thermal mitigation service requirement.

[0188] According to an embodiment, a network apparatus comprises communication circuitry, memory comprising one or more storage media, storing instructions, at least one processor comprising processing circuitry. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor individually or collectively, cause the network apparatus to detect a plurality of user equipment (UE) that are utilizing a first bandwidth part (BWP) allocation, identify a plurality of second BWPs based on at least one of a channel capacity, the number of the plurality of UEs to be served, or quality of service (QOS) requirement of a cell of network apparatus, wherein the plurality of second BWPs are subset of the first BWP, receive a message indicating overheating condition from a UE among the plurality of UEs, and switch a BWP allocated for the UE, from the first BWP to one of the plurality of second BWPs.

[0189] These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications be made within the scope of the embodiments herein.

[0190] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, and / or methods as set forth herein. For example, a processor (e.g., baseband processor) as described herein in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth herein. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, transmitter, network element, etc. as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth herein.

[0191] Any of the above described embodiments may be combined with any other embodiment (or combination of embodiments), unless explicitly stated otherwise. The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of various embodiments.

[0192] The methods according to various embodiments described in the claims and / or the specification of the disclosure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0193] When implemented by software, a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs (software modules) may be provided. One or more programs stored in such a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., non-transitory storage medium) are configured for execution by one or more processors in an electronic device. The one or more programs include instructions that cause the electronic device to execute the methods according to embodiments described in the claims or specification of the disclosure.

[0194] Such a program (e.g., software module, software) may be stored in a random-access memory, a non-volatile memory including a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic disc storage device, a compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVDs), other types of optical storage devices, or magnetic cassettes. Alternatively, it may be stored in a memory configured with a combination of some or all of the above. In addition, respective constituent memories may be provided in a multiple number.

[0195] Further, the program may be stored in an attachable storage device that can be accessed via a communication network, such as e.g., Internet, Intranet, local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), or storage area network (SAN), or a communication network configured with a combination thereof. Such a storage device may access an apparatus performing an embodiment of the disclosure through an external port. Further, a separate storage device on the communication network may be accessed to an apparatus performing an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0196] In the above-described specific embodiments of the disclosure, a component included therein may be expressed in a singular or plural form according to a proposed specific embodiment. However, such a singular or plural expression may be selected appropriately for the presented context for the convenience of description, and the disclosure is not limited to the singular form or the plural elements. Therefore, either an element expressed in the plural form may be formed of a singular element, or an element expressed in the singular form may be formed of plural elements.

[0197] Meanwhile, specific embodiments have been described in the detailed description of the disclosure, but it goes without saying that various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0198] The various actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like in the method are performed in the order presented, in a different order, or simultaneously. Furthermore, in some embodiments, some of the actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like are omitted, added, modified, skipped, or the like without departing from the scope of the proposed method.

[0199] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein such that others can readily modify and / or adapt such specific embodiments for various applications without departing from the generic concept. Therefore, such adaptations and modifications are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Thus, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modifications within the scope of the embodiments as described herein.

Claims

1.A method performed by a network apparatus, comprising:detecting a plurality of user equipment (UE) that are utilizing a first bandwidth part (BWP) allocation;identifying a plurality of second BWPs based on at least one of a channel capacity, the number of the plurality of UEs to be served, or quality of service (QOS) requirement of a cell of network apparatus, wherein the plurality of second BWPs are subset of the first BWP;receiving a message indicating overheating condition from a UE among the plurality of UEs; andswitching a BWP allocated for the UE, from the first BWP to one of the plurality of second BWPs.2.The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a frequency range of the first BWP is greater than a frequency range of each of the plurality of second BWPs.3.The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:receiving at least one of service requirements from the UE, an indication to support power saving mode;determining whether the cell of the network apparatus supports power saving operation for the plurality of UEs; andbased on determining that the cell of the network apparatus supports the power saving operation for the plurality of UEs, dividing the first BWP into the plurality of second BWPs.4.The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of second BWPs is associated with a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) configuration, size for corresponding second BWP and sub carrier spacing (SCS).5.The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:grouping at least two UEs from the plurality of UEs having at least one of similar QoS requirements, quality of experience (QoE) requirements or thermal mitigation service requirement; andallocating different second BWPs for each group of UEs.6.The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:determining, based on a distance between the network apparatus and the UE, a type of the UE; andallocating one of the plurality of second BWPs according to the type of the UE.7.The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the type of the UE determined one of a first type and a second type,wherein, when the UE corresponds to an edge UE, the type of the UE determined as the first type, andwherein, when the UE corresponds to a center UE, the type of the UE determined as the second type.8.The method as claimed in claim 7, comprising, based on the type of the UE being the first type, allocating a second BWP associated with higher frequency or mid frequency to the UE.9.The method as claimed in claim 7, comprising, based on the type of the UE being the second type, allocating a second BWP associated with low frequency to the UE.10.The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:receiving a signaling message from the UE indicating whether the UE is overheated and the maximum second BWP that the UE is able to support.11.The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the signaling message is at least one of a radio resource configuration (RRC) message, UE assistance information message, layer 2 signaling message and medium access control (MAC) control element.12.A method performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising:receiving a second bandwidth part (BWP) allocation from a network apparatus, wherein the second BWP is a subset of a first BWP;transmitting a message to indicate overheating condition to the network apparatus; andutilizing the second BWP to access network services from the network apparatus to mitigate the overheating condition.13.The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus comprising:transmitting at least one of service requirements and indication to support power saving mode to the network apparatus; andreceiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus.14.The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein receiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus comprising:transmitting at least one of a quality of service (QoS) requirements, a quality of experience (QoE) requirements, or a thermal mitigation service requirement to the network apparatus; andreceiving the second BWP allocation from the network apparatus based on at least one of the QoS requirements, the QoE requirements, or the thermal mitigation service requirement.15.A network apparatus comprising:communication circuitry,memory comprising one or more storage media, storing instructions,at least one processor comprising processing circuitry,wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor individually or collectively, cause the network apparatus to:detect a plurality of user equipment (UE) that are utilizing a first bandwidth part (BWP) allocation;identify a plurality of second BWPs based on at least one of a channel capacity, the number of the plurality of UEs to be served, or quality of service (QOS) requirement of a cell of network apparatus, wherein the plurality of second BWPs are subset of the first BWP;receive a message indicating overheating condition from a UE among the plurality of UEs; andswitch a BWP allocated for the UE, from the first BWP to one of the plurality of second BWPs.

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