Agricultural irrigation method and system, device, medium, and product

Abstract

The present application discloses an agricultural irrigation method and system, a device, a medium, and a product. The method comprises: acquiring a farmland condition dataset of an area to be irrigated; on the basis of a comparison result between minimum soil moisture content data and farmland water-holding capacity data, determining whether to generate a first irrigation instruction, the first irrigation instruction being used for controlling on of a first solenoid valve and a first water pump which are located on a first pipe, and watering a farmland on the basis of the first irrigation instruction; on the basis of a comparison result between soil nutrition data and preset nutrition data, determining whether to generate a second irrigation instruction, the second irrigation instruction being used for controlling on of a second solenoid valve and a second water pump which are located on a second pipe, and fertilizing the farmland on the basis of the second irrigation instruction; and on the basis of a level of an expected crop disease index, determining whether to generate a third irrigation instruction, and applying pesticides to the farmland on the basis of the third irrigation instruction.

Description

Agricultural irrigation methods, systems, equipment, media and products

[0001] Priority application

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese application No. 202411476677.2, filed on October 22, 2024, entitled “Agricultural Irrigation Methods, Systems, Equipment, Media and Products”. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of agricultural irrigation, and more specifically, to an agricultural irrigation method, system, equipment, medium, and product. Background Technology

[0004] Agricultural irrigation refers to the agricultural activity of extracting water from crops through artificial means to meet their growth needs. Traditional agricultural irrigation methods mainly include the following steps: First, farmers need to observe the growth of the crops to determine whether irrigation is necessary. Then, water, fertilizer, and pesticides are introduced into the field through irrigation canals, pipes, or other irrigation facilities. When farmers determine that the irrigation amount is sufficient, they close the valves and stop irrigation.

[0005] However, in traditional agricultural irrigation, farmers often can only make rough estimates based on experience, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of irrigation.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide an agricultural irrigation method, system, equipment, medium, and product that can improve irrigation efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, this application provides an agricultural irrigation method, comprising:

[0010] Obtain a farmland condition dataset for the area to be irrigated, wherein the farmland condition dataset includes minimum soil moisture content data, soil nutrient data, and crop expected disease index data;

[0011] Based on the comparison results between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data, it is determined whether to generate a first irrigation command. The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump located on the first pipeline, and to irrigate the farmland based on the first irrigation command.

[0012] Based on the comparison results between the soil nutrient data and the preset nutrient data, it is determined whether to generate a second irrigation command. The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump located on the second pipeline, and to fertilize the farmland based on the second irrigation command.

[0013] Based on the level of the expected disease index of the crop, it is determined whether to generate a third irrigation command. The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump located on the third pipeline, and to apply pesticides to the farmland based on the third irrigation command.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides an agricultural irrigation system, comprising:

[0015] The system comprises the following modules: an acquisition module for acquiring a dataset of farmland conditions in the area to be irrigated, wherein the dataset includes minimum soil moisture content data, soil nutrient data, and expected crop disease index data; a first judgment module for determining whether to generate a first irrigation command based on a comparison between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data, wherein the first irrigation command controls the opening of a first solenoid valve and a first water pump located on a first pipeline, and irrigates the farmland based on the first irrigation command; a second judgment module for determining whether to generate a second irrigation command based on a comparison between the soil nutrient data and preset nutrient data, wherein the second irrigation command controls the opening of a second solenoid valve and a second water pump located on a second pipeline, and fertilizes the farmland based on the second irrigation command; and a third judgment module for determining whether to generate a third irrigation command based on the level of the expected crop disease index, wherein the third irrigation command controls the opening of a third solenoid valve and a third water pump located on a third pipeline, and applies pesticides based on the third irrigation command.

[0016] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the agricultural irrigation method described in any one of the above.

[0017] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the agricultural irrigation method described in any one of the above.

[0018] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the agricultural irrigation method described above. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of an agricultural irrigation method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an agricultural irrigation system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Traditional agricultural irrigation refers to the act of providing water to crops manually to meet their growth needs. First, farmers need to observe the crop growth to determine if irrigation is necessary. Then, water is introduced into the fields through canals, pipes, or other irrigation facilities. In the fields, the water flows along pre-designed irrigation channels, distributing evenly to the crop roots. The crop roots absorb this water, obtaining the necessary moisture for growth and promoting healthy development. When farmers determine that the irrigation amount is sufficient, they turn off the water supply and stop irrigation. Therefore, traditional agricultural irrigation processes involve a high degree of manual intervention and relatively low automation.

[0025] Meanwhile, fertilizer application is also a crucial step in agricultural production. The required amount of fertilizer varies depending on the soil type, fertility, and crop variety. However, in traditional agriculture, fertilizer application often relies on farmers' experience and subjective judgment, frequently leading to under- or over-fertilization. Under-fertilization may result in crops lacking essential nutrients, hindering their growth and development; while over-fertilization not only wastes resources but can also pollute the soil and environment. Furthermore, manual fertilizer application requires significant manpower, is inefficient, and yields unsatisfactory results.

[0026] In other aspects of agricultural production, such as pest and disease control, traditional methods also rely on real-time manual observation and intervention. For example, downy mildew is a common crop disease that severely damages crop leaves. To effectively control downy mildew, farmers need to regularly inspect the fields, and once signs of disease are detected, they must take timely measures, such as spraying appropriate pesticides. This manual observation and spraying is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also requires farmers to possess certain professional knowledge and experience to ensure effective control. However, due to the varying levels of knowledge and experience among farmers, the effectiveness of pest and disease control often falls short of expectations.

[0027] The agricultural irrigation method provided in this application embodiment involves a terminal communicating with a server via an edge terminal. A data storage system can store the data that the server needs to process. The data storage system can be set up independently, integrated into the server, or placed in the cloud or on another server. The terminal can send the farmland condition dataset to be processed to the server via the edge terminal. After receiving the farmland condition dataset, the server determines whether to generate a first irrigation instruction based on a comparison between minimum soil moisture content data and farmland water holding capacity data; it determines whether to generate a second irrigation instruction based on a comparison between soil nutrient data and preset nutrient data; and it determines whether to generate a third irrigation instruction based on the level of the expected crop disease index. The server can then feed back the first, second, and third irrigation instructions to the terminal via the edge terminal. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the agricultural irrigation method can also be implemented independently by the server or the edge terminal. For example, the edge terminal can directly process the farmland condition dataset, or the server can obtain the farmland condition dataset from the data storage system and process it.

[0028] The terminal can be, but is not limited to, various desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can include smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, and smart in-vehicle devices. Portable wearable devices can include smartwatches, smart bracelets, and head-mounted devices. In this application, the terminal can also include various sensors, water pumps, water valves, etc. Server 104 can be implemented using a standalone server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers, or it can be a cloud server or cloud platform.

[0029] This application's embodiments can employ a cloud-edge-device-based agricultural irrigation method. Cloud-edge-device refers to the three layers involved in a cloud computing architecture: the cloud, the edge, and the terminal. These three layers form a layered architecture to meet the computing, storage, and processing needs of different application scenarios.

[0030] The cloud typically refers to traditional cloud computing centers, usually composed of massive data centers with powerful computing and storage capabilities, providing users with a wide variety of cloud services. In the cloud, data is centrally stored and processed, and users can easily access these services via the internet, including but not limited to cloud storage, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. In this application, the cloud may specifically refer to the Onenet cloud platform, which is primarily used to receive processed data from the main control board and display this data. Furthermore, the Onenet cloud platform also has the function of issuing start commands, thereby enabling remote control of related devices or systems.

[0031] The edge refers to a layer located between the cloud and terminal devices, closer to the user. Typically, the edge refers to edge servers or devices close to the data generation source. These edge devices possess computing and storage capabilities, enabling partial processing and analysis at the data generation point. This avoids transmitting all data to the cloud or terminal devices, reducing data transmission latency and effectively alleviating network congestion. In this way, the edge not only improves data processing efficiency but also optimizes overall network performance. In this application, the edge refers to the main control board, which has two main functions: first, processing sensor data (i.e., farmland condition data of the area to be irrigated) and uploading it to the cloud platform; second, receiving irrigation instructions from the cloud platform, parsing them, and then sending them to the terminal.

[0032] In this application, the edge device refers to the main control board. Firstly, one of the main functions of the edge device is to process data from sensors and upload this data to the cloud platform. During this process, it performs preliminary analysis and organization of the information collected by the sensors to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. Once the data processing is complete, the edge device sends the data to the cloud platform via a reliable communication method, such as a 4G network. In addition, the edge device is also responsible for receiving instructions and commands from the cloud platform and transmitting these instructions to various terminal devices through LoRa networking technology to ensure the coordinated operation of the entire system. On the other hand, the edge device also has real-time monitoring and automatic control functions. It continuously compares and analyzes the data collected by the sensors with pre-set thresholds. If the detected data exceeds the set threshold range, the edge device immediately generates corresponding control commands based on the comparison results.

[0033] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG1, an agricultural irrigation method is provided. This method is executed by a computer device, specifically a terminal or server, or both. In this embodiment, the method is described using a cloud-edge-device approach, including steps 101 to 104. Wherein:

[0034] Step 101: Obtain the farmland condition dataset of the area to be irrigated, which includes minimum soil moisture content data, soil nutrient data, and expected crop disease index data.

[0035] Specifically, to effectively manage farmland irrigation, it is necessary to obtain a dataset of farmland conditions in the area to be irrigated. This dataset contains several key pieces of information to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the farmland's current condition. First, minimum soil moisture content data helps us understand the soil's water content, thereby determining whether irrigation is needed and, if so, the amount. Second, soil nutrient data provides information on the content of various nutrients in the soil, allowing for timely replenishment of missing nutrients and ensuring healthy crop growth. Finally, crop disease index data is used to promptly detect and address pests and diseases in the farmland, preventing crop damage. By integrating this data, we can develop more scientific and rational irrigation plans, improving farmland productivity and crop yield.

[0036] Step 102: Based on the comparison results between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data, determine whether to generate a first irrigation command. The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump located on the first pipeline, and to irrigate the farmland based on the first irrigation command.

[0037] Step 102, "determining whether to generate the first irrigation instruction based on the comparison results between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data," includes the following sub-steps A1-A4:

[0038] A1. Calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration.

[0039] A2. Calculate crop water requirements based on reference crop evapotranspiration.

[0040] A3. Calculate the minimum soil moisture content based on the initial soil moisture content and the crop's water requirement.

[0041] A4. Compare the minimum soil moisture content with the preset percentage of farmland water holding capacity. If the minimum soil moisture content is less than the preset percentage of farmland water holding capacity, then generate the first irrigation instruction.

[0042] Specifically, the evapotranspiration of a reference crop is first calculated using the following formula:

[0043] Where ET0 represents the reference crop evapotranspiration, R represents the net surface radiation flux, T represents the average temperature, e1 represents the saturated water vapor pressure, e2 represents the actual water vapor pressure, U represents the wind speed, γ represents the ecliptic constant, and Δ represents the slope of the curve of water pressure and temperature in saturated state.

[0044] Crop water requirement is calculated based on reference crop evapotranspiration. The formula for calculating crop water requirement is as follows: ET = K·ET0;

[0045] Where ET represents crop water requirement and K represents crop coefficient.

[0046] The minimum soil moisture content is calculated based on the initial soil water requirement and the crop water requirement. The formula for calculating the minimum soil moisture content is as follows: W min =W0-ET;

[0047] Among them, W min W0 represents the minimum soil moisture content, and W0 represents the initial soil water requirement.

[0048] For example, compare W min Compared to 60% of the farmland water holding capacity F, if W min If the soil surface temperature is less than 60%, then the farmland needs irrigation.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first irrigation instruction also includes an irrigation quota.

[0050] Specifically, based on the initial soil moisture content, current soil moisture content, rainfall within a preset number of days, and reference crop evapotranspiration, an irrigation quota is calculated, and the amount of water to be poured is determined according to the irrigation quota. The formula for calculating the irrigation quota is as follows: M = W t -W0-P+ET;

[0051] Where M represents the irrigation quota, W t The current soil moisture content is represented by W0, the initial soil moisture content is represented by P, the rainfall within the preset number of days is represented by ET, and the crop water requirement is represented by ET.

[0052] In one feasible approach, reference crop evapotranspiration is obtained from a weather station, initial and current soil moisture content is obtained from a soil moisture sensor, and rainfall within a preset number of days is obtained from a rain gauge.

[0053] It is understandable that crop evapotranspiration is used as an important benchmark for assessing crop water requirements, and its calculation relies on a series of meteorological data provided by weather stations. This data includes, but is not limited to, daily maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, sunshine duration, and wind speed. Modern weather stations utilize sensor technology and data processing systems to collect these meteorological elements in real time. Soil moisture content is another key indicator for assessing soil moisture status and guiding irrigation decisions. Both initial soil moisture content (i.e., soil moisture content before irrigation) and current soil moisture content (i.e., real-time moisture content during irrigation) can be measured using soil moisture sensors. These sensors indirectly calculate the soil moisture content by measuring physical properties such as soil conductivity and dielectric constant. Different types of soil moisture sensors (such as time domain reflectometers (TDR) and frequency domain reflectometers (FDR)) are suitable for different soil types and monitoring needs. In field practice, soil moisture sensors are typically installed in key areas where crop roots are distributed to obtain the most accurate soil moisture information. The sensors transmit the monitored data in real time to terminals or agricultural management systems via wireless transmission technology to monitor dynamic changes in soil moisture at any time. Rainfall is one of the important natural factors affecting agricultural production. Rainfall prediction and monitoring within a preset number of days is mainly achieved through rain gauges.

[0054] For example, the rain gauge's inlet, used to collect rainwater, is typically located at the top of the sensor and designed to effectively guide rainwater into the sensor's interior. The collected rainwater then flows into an upper cylinder, usually funnel-shaped, which concentrates the rainwater and directs it to a metering tipping bucket. The tipping bucket has two equal-volume semi-conical chambers separated by a central partition. One chamber is in a receiving / operating state, while the other is in a waiting state. When rainwater begins to flow into one chamber and gradually accumulates to a predetermined volume, typically 0.5 mm of rainfall, gravity causes this chamber to tip over, changing its state from receiving / operating to waiting. Simultaneously, the other chamber, which was previously waiting, begins to collect water. This tipping action is continuous; once one chamber is full of the predetermined volume of rainwater, it tipes over, and the other chamber begins operating, thus repeating the cycle. Magnets are mounted on the side walls of the tipping bucket, moving as the bucket tipps. The movement of the magnet can be detected by a dry reed switch. Each time the magnet scans past the dry reed switch, it causes a change in the switch's on / off state, generating a pulse signal. This pulse signal is then converted into a digital signal, typically output using the RS-485 communication protocol, for data transmission and recording.

[0055] To acquire soil moisture data using a soil moisture sensor, the first step is to select a suitable sensor and install it at the appropriate location in the irrigated area. These sensors should possess high accuracy and stability to ensure data reliability. During installation, ensure the sensor probe is fully inserted into the soil and evenly distributed to comprehensively cover the entire irrigation area. Connect the soil moisture sensor to a data acquisition unit, and then connect the data acquisition unit to the LORA communication module. Next, configure the data acquisition unit's parameters, setting an appropriate sampling frequency and data recording interval. The sampling frequency should be adjusted according to actual needs and sensor performance to ensure timely capture of changes in soil moisture. The data recording interval should be set based on irrigation requirements and management strategies. The STH20 temperature and humidity sensor can be selected as a suitable soil moisture sensor.

[0056] It is understandable that the soil moisture sensor is activated to begin real-time monitoring of soil moisture. During monitoring, the system's operational status is checked regularly to ensure the accuracy of data transmission and recording. On-site calibration and maintenance are performed as necessary to guarantee data reliability. Soil moisture data is acquired through a data acquisition device, monitoring the moisture content in the soil, and then transmitted to a cloud platform for analysis and processing. Dedicated software or applications, such as Tableau or Power BI, can be used to visualize the data, transforming it into charts to better understand the trends and distribution of soil moisture changes.

[0057] Step 103: Based on the comparison results between soil nutrient data and preset nutrient data, determine whether to generate a second irrigation command. The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump located on the second pipeline, and to fertilize the farmland based on the second irrigation command.

[0058] Specifically, step 103, "determining whether to generate a second irrigation instruction based on the comparison results between soil nutrient data and preset nutrient data," includes the following sub-steps B1-B3:

[0059] B1. Obtain data on the actual soil nutrient content in farmland.

[0060] Specifically, actual nutrient data should include, but are not limited to, the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other important trace elements.

[0061] B2. Set preset nutrient data based on crop needs and expected crop yield.

[0062] B3. Compare the soil nutrient data with the preset nutrient data. If the soil nutrient data is less than the preset nutrient data, generate a second irrigation instruction.

[0063] In one feasible approach, the second irrigation instruction also includes the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0064] For each required nutrient element, the nutrient difference is calculated using the following formula:

[0065] ΔNutrients = Preset nutrient content - Actual nutrient content;

[0066] For example, for each nutrient that needs to be replenished, the required amount of fertilizer is calculated based on the difference. Assuming the total amount of nutrient to be replenished is ΔX, and the percentage content of that nutrient in the fertilizer is P%, the required weight of fertilizer W can be calculated using the following formula:

[0067] Specifically, soil nutrient sensors continuously monitor the content of key nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil. This real-time data provides a comprehensive understanding of the soil's nutrient status, avoiding the uncertainties of traditional experience-based judgments and ensuring that every piece of land receives the most appropriate nutrient replenishment, thus preventing resource waste. Soil nutrient sensors are deployed in the irrigated areas to acquire nutrient data in real time. Based on the terrain and soil type of the irrigated areas, the sensors are evenly distributed in different locations to ensure that the acquired data is representative and comprehensively reflects the soil nutrient status of the entire area.

[0068] It's understandable that soil nutrient sensors are installed in the soil near crop roots, typically at a depth of 10-20 cm. Connect the data transmission lines to the soil nutrient sensors or configure a LoRa communication module to ensure data can be transmitted to the cloud platform. Then, based on actual needs, set the data acquisition frequency and the time interval for data collection from the soil nutrient sensors, such as once per hour or once per day. This allows for real-time monitoring of soil nutrient changes and timely adjustments to fertilization methods. Finally, establish a data management system. Transmit the collected soil nutrient data to the cloud platform for storage, analysis, and visualization. Data analysis helps understand soil nutrient trends. Simultaneously, it allows for better protection of soil structure and prevention of soil degradation and pollution.

[0069] Step 104: Based on the level of the expected disease index of the crop, determine whether to generate a third irrigation command. The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump located on the third pipeline, and apply pesticides to the farmland based on the third irrigation command.

[0070] Specifically, step 104, "determining whether to generate a third irrigation instruction based on the level of the expected crop disease index," includes the following sub-steps C1-C3:

[0071] C1. Obtain the average daily temperature, cumulative rainfall, average daily relative humidity, and cumulative rainy days within a preset time period, wherein the average daily temperature and the average daily relative humidity are obtained through a Stevenson screen, and the cumulative rainfall and the cumulative rainy days are obtained through a rain gauge;

[0072] C2. Based on the average daily temperature, cumulative rainfall, average daily relative humidity, and cumulative rainy days, the expected crop disease index is obtained;

[0073] C3. When the expected crop disease index is greater than or equal to level three, a third irrigation instruction is generated.

[0074] For example, using the grape downy mildew disease index as the dependent variable and related meteorological factors as independent variables, a regression equation is established: Y = 47.98 - 1.51X1 + 0.35X2 - 0.12X3 - 0.86X4;

[0075] Where Y represents the expected crop disease index, X1 represents the average daily temperature of the previous 7 days, X2 represents the cumulative rainfall of the previous 7 days, X3 represents the average daily relative humidity of the previous 7 days, and X4 represents the cumulative number of rainy days of the previous 7 days. The average daily temperature and average daily relative humidity were obtained using a Stevenson screen, while the cumulative rainfall and cumulative number of rainy days were obtained using a rain gauge. The distribution table of the expected crop disease index is shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Depending on the severity of grape downy mildew, appropriate drug treatment measures are required. When the expected disease index reaches or exceeds level three, a third irrigation order needs to be initiated. This order includes not only irrigation operations but also the dosage of pesticides applied.

[0078] For example, the main fungicides used for grape downy mildew are: half-strength / equal-strength Bordeaux mixture at 150-200 times dilution, 70% propineb (Antaisheng) wettable powder at 500-700 times dilution, 80% mancozeb (Pengke) wettable powder at 600-800 times dilution, and 78% Bordeaux mixture (Kebo) wettable powder at 500-600 times dilution. The dosage can be adjusted according to the severity of the disease index.

[0079] In one possible implementation, a first irrigation command is used to control the opening of a first solenoid valve and a first water pump by sequentially activating a first solenoid valve relay and a first water pump relay, thereby watering the area to be irrigated. A first flow meter is installed in a first pipeline. When the flow meter's statistical data is greater than or equal to a first preset flow rate, a first shutdown command is generated. This first shutdown command is used to sequentially shut down the first water pump relay and the first solenoid valve relay.

[0080] Specifically, the main function of the first irrigation command is to activate two key components: the first solenoid valve relay and the first water pump relay. The first solenoid valve relay controls the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve, while the first water pump relay controls the opening and closing of the first water pump. To protect the water pipes, the first solenoid valve relay must be activated first, followed by the first water pump relay. Through the coordinated operation of these two relays, precise irrigation of farmland can be achieved. When the first solenoid valve and the first water pump are opened sequentially, the water source in the water tank flows through the first pipe connected to these two relays to the main pipe, and then through the main pipe to the farmland to be irrigated, thus achieving watering. This process ensures that the farmland receives an appropriate amount of water according to the actual soil moisture requirements, thereby maintaining the healthy growth of crops.

[0081] A flow meter is installed in the first pipeline. When the real-time flow data detected by the flow meter accumulates to a certain level, reaching or exceeding a first preset flow data (the irrigation quota included in the first irrigation instruction), the edge terminal compares the real-time flow data with the preset flow data. When the real-time flow data exceeds the preset flow data, the edge terminal sends a first shutdown command to the control unit. The first shutdown command sequentially activates the first water pump relay and the first solenoid valve relay. The first water pump relay controls the first water pump to stop operating. Then, the first solenoid valve relay drives and controls the closing action of the first solenoid valve. In this way, the system can quickly respond to excessive flow, prevent possible pipeline ruptures, leaks, or other potential hazards, and ensure the safety and stability of the entire pipeline system.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the second irrigation command controls the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump by sequentially activating the second solenoid valve relay and the second water pump relay, thereby watering the area to be irrigated. A second flow meter is installed in the second pipeline. When the flow meter's statistical data is greater than or equal to a second preset flow rate, a second shutdown command is generated. This second shutdown command sequentially shuts down the second water pump relay and the second solenoid valve relay.

[0083] Specifically, the main function of the second irrigation command is to activate two key components: the second solenoid valve relay and the second water pump relay. The second solenoid valve relay controls the opening and closing of the second solenoid valve, while the second water pump relay controls the opening and closing of the second water pump. To protect the water pipes, the second solenoid valve relay must be activated first, followed by the second water pump relay. Through the coordinated operation of these two relays, precise fertilization of the farmland can be achieved. When the second solenoid valve and the second water pump are opened sequentially, the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank flows through the second pipe connected to these two relays to the main pipe, and then through the main pipe to the farmland to be irrigated, thus achieving fertilization of the farmland.

[0084] A flow meter is installed in the second pipeline to monitor and record the liquid flow rate through it in real time. When the real-time flow data detected by the flow meter accumulates to a certain level, reaching or exceeding a second preset flow rate (which represents the fertilizer application amount included in the second irrigation command), the edge terminal compares the real-time flow data with the preset flow rate. When the real-time flow data exceeds the preset flow rate, the edge terminal sends a second shutdown command to the control unit. This command sequentially activates the second water pump relay and the second solenoid valve relay, causing the second water pump to stop. Then, the second solenoid valve relay drives and controls the closing action of the second solenoid valve. In this way, the system can quickly respond to excessive flow, preventing potential pipeline ruptures, leaks, or other potential hazards, ensuring the safety and stability of the entire pipeline system.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the third irrigation command controls the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump by sequentially activating the third solenoid valve relay and the third water pump relay, thereby irrigating the area to be irrigated. A third flow meter is installed in the third pipeline. When the flow meter's statistical data is greater than or equal to a third preset flow data, a third shutdown command is generated. This third shutdown command is used to sequentially shut down the third water pump relay and the third solenoid valve relay.

[0086] Specifically, the main function of the third irrigation command is to activate two key components: the third solenoid valve relay and the third water pump relay. The third solenoid valve relay controls the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve, while the third water pump relay controls the opening and closing of the third water pump. To protect the water pipes, the third solenoid valve relay must be activated first, followed by the third water pump relay. Through the coordinated operation of these two relays, precise irrigation of farmland can be achieved. When the third solenoid valve and the third water pump are opened sequentially, the water source in the water tank flows through the third pipe connected to these two relays to the main pipe, and then through the main pipe to the farmland to be irrigated, thus achieving irrigation. This process ensures that the farmland receives an appropriate amount of water according to the actual soil moisture requirements, thereby maintaining the healthy growth of crops.

[0087] A flow meter is installed in the third pipeline to monitor and record the fluid flow rate through it in real time. When the real-time flow data detected by the flow meter accumulates to a certain level, reaching or exceeding a third preset flow rate (the dosage included in the third irrigation command), the edge terminal sends a third shutdown command to the control unit when the real-time flow data exceeds the preset flow rate. This command sequentially activates the third water pump relay and the third solenoid valve relay, causing the third water pump to stop operating. Then, the third solenoid valve relay drives and controls the closing action of the third solenoid valve. In this way, the system can quickly respond to excessive flow conditions, preventing potential pipeline ruptures, leaks, or other potential hazards, ensuring the safety and stability of the entire pipeline system.

[0088] For example, the LORA communication module mentioned above can be a TAS-LORA-181 wireless data transmission radio. The first, second, and third flow meters can be YF-S201 flow meters. The YF-S201 flow meters are connected to the LORA communication module, and the flow meter data is uploaded to the main control board through the LORA communication module. The main control board compares the flow meter data with preset data and decides whether to send a shutdown command to the irrigation module based on the comparison result. At the same time, the main control board uses a 4G module to upload the flow meter data to the cloud platform.

[0089] In one feasible approach, during irrigation of farmland in the area to be irrigated, if the pressure in the first, second, or third pipe exceeds a preset water flow pressure, the corresponding water pump relay is shut off. The pressure within the pipes is measured by a pressure sensor, which can be, but is not limited to, the HK1100C type. The pressure sensor is connected to a 4G communication module, and the pressure data is transmitted to the cloud platform via the 4G communication module.

[0090] In one feasible approach, water hammer absorbers are installed in the first, second, and third pipes, respectively.

[0091] Specifically, these water hammer absorbers are used to absorb and mitigate pressure fluctuations caused by a sudden stop or change in water flow, effectively preventing water hammer. This further protects pipelines from damage and extends their service life. The type of water hammer absorber can be selected based on actual needs; for example, the 9000X model water hammer absorber can be chosen.

[0092] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an agricultural irrigation system for implementing the agricultural irrigation method described above. The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations of one or more agricultural irrigation system embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the agricultural irrigation method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] In one exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG2, an agricultural irrigation system is provided, comprising:

[0094] The acquisition module is used to acquire a dataset of farmland conditions in the area to be irrigated, wherein the dataset includes minimum soil moisture content data, soil nutrient data, and expected crop disease index data.

[0095] The first judgment module is used to determine whether to generate a first irrigation command based on the comparison result between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data. The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump located on the first pipeline, and to irrigate the farmland based on the first irrigation command.

[0096] The second judgment module is used to determine whether to generate a second irrigation command based on the comparison result between the soil nutrient data and the preset nutrient data. The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump located on the second pipeline, and to fertilize the farmland based on the second irrigation command.

[0097] The third judgment module is used to determine whether to generate a third irrigation command based on the level of the expected disease index of the crop. The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump located on the third pipeline, and to apply pesticides to the farmland based on the third irrigation command.

[0098] As an optional implementation, the first judgment module is specifically used for:

[0099] Calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration;

[0100] Calculate crop water requirements based on the reference crop evapotranspiration.

[0101] Calculate the minimum soil moisture content based on the initial soil moisture content and the crop's water requirement;

[0102] The minimum soil moisture content is compared with the preset percentage of the farmland water holding capacity. If the minimum soil moisture content is less than the preset percentage of the farmland water holding capacity, the first irrigation instruction is generated.

[0103] As an optional implementation, the third judgment module is specifically used for:

[0104] The system acquires the average daily temperature, cumulative rainfall, average daily relative humidity, and cumulative rainy days within a preset time period. The average daily temperature and average daily relative humidity are acquired using a Stevenson screen, and the cumulative rainfall and cumulative rainy days are acquired using a rain gauge.

[0105] Based on the average daily temperature, cumulative rainfall, average daily relative humidity, and cumulative rainy days, the expected crop disease index is obtained.

[0106] When the expected disease index of the crop is greater than or equal to level three, a third irrigation instruction is generated.

[0107] As an optional implementation, an agricultural irrigation system further includes:

[0108] During the irrigation of farmland in the irrigation area, if the pressure inside the irrigation pipe is greater than the preset water flow pressure, the first water pump relay is turned off and the first solenoid valve relay is turned on.

[0109] As an optional implementation, an agricultural irrigation system further includes:

[0110] The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump by sequentially activating the first solenoid valve relay and the first water pump relay, and to water the area to be irrigated by opening the first solenoid valve and the first water pump.

[0111] The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump by sequentially activating the second solenoid valve relay and the second water pump relay, and to fertilize the area to be irrigated by opening the second solenoid valve and the second water pump.

[0112] The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump by sequentially activating the third solenoid valve relay and the third water pump relay, and to apply pesticide to the area to be irrigated by opening the third solenoid valve and the third water pump.

[0113] As an optional implementation, an agricultural irrigation system further includes:

[0114] A first flow meter is installed in the first pipeline. When the statistical data of the first flow meter is greater than or equal to the first preset flow data, a first shutdown command is generated. The first shutdown command is used to shut down the first water pump relay and the first solenoid valve relay in sequence.

[0115] A second flow meter is installed in the second pipeline. When the statistical data of the second flow meter is greater than or equal to the second preset flow data, a second shutdown command is generated. The second shutdown command is used to shut down the second water pump relay and the second solenoid valve relay in sequence.

[0116] A third flow meter is installed in the third pipeline. When the statistical data of the third flow meter is greater than or equal to the third preset flow data, a third shut-off command is generated. The third shut-off command is used to shut down the third water pump relay and the third solenoid valve relay in sequence.

[0117] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram is shown in Figure 3. The computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interfaces (I / O), and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor of the computer device provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device stores a dataset of farmland conditions in the area to be irrigated. The I / O interfaces of the computer device are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used for communicating with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an agricultural irrigation method.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 3 is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0119] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0120] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0121] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0122] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0124] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0125] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0126] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An agricultural irrigation method, characterized in that, The agricultural irrigation methods include: Obtain a farmland condition dataset for the area to be irrigated, wherein the farmland condition dataset includes minimum soil moisture content data, soil nutrient data, and crop expected disease index data; Based on the comparison results between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data, it is determined whether to generate a first irrigation command. The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump located on the first pipeline, and to irrigate the farmland based on the first irrigation command. Based on the comparison results between the soil nutrient data and the preset nutrient data, it is determined whether to generate a second irrigation command. The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump located on the second pipeline, and to fertilize the farmland based on the second irrigation command. Based on the level of the expected disease index of the crop, it is determined whether to generate a third irrigation command. The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump located on the third pipeline, and to apply pesticides to the farmland based on the third irrigation command.

2. The agricultural irrigation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to generate a first irrigation instruction based on the comparison results between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data specifically includes: Calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration; Calculate crop water requirements based on the reference crop evapotranspiration. The minimum soil moisture content is calculated based on the initial soil moisture content and the crop's water requirement. The minimum soil moisture content is compared with the preset percentage of farmland water holding capacity. If the minimum soil moisture content is less than the preset percentage of farmland water holding capacity, the first irrigation instruction is generated.

3. The agricultural irrigation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reference crop evapotranspiration was obtained from a weather station, and the initial soil moisture content was obtained from a soil moisture sensor.

4. The agricultural irrigation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to generate a third irrigation instruction based on the level of the expected crop disease index specifically includes: The system acquires the average daily temperature, cumulative rainfall, average daily relative humidity, and cumulative rainy days within a preset time period. The average daily temperature and average daily relative humidity are acquired using a Stevenson screen, and the cumulative rainfall and cumulative rainy days are acquired using a rain gauge. Based on the average daily temperature, the cumulative rainfall, the average daily relative humidity, and the cumulative rainy days, the expected crop disease index is obtained; When the expected disease index of the crop is greater than or equal to level three, the third irrigation instruction is generated.

5. The agricultural irrigation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump by sequentially activating the first solenoid valve relay and the first water pump relay, and to water the area to be irrigated by opening the first solenoid valve and the first water pump. The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump by sequentially activating the second solenoid valve relay and the second water pump relay, and to fertilize the area to be irrigated by opening the second solenoid valve and the second water pump. The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump by sequentially activating the third solenoid valve relay and the third water pump, thereby applying pesticide to the area to be irrigated.

6. The agricultural irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The agricultural irrigation method also includes: A first flow meter is installed in the first pipeline. When the statistical data of the first flow meter is greater than or equal to the first preset flow data, a first shutdown command is generated. The first shutdown command is used to shut down the first water pump relay and the first solenoid valve relay in sequence. A second flow meter is installed in the second pipeline. When the statistical data of the second flow meter is greater than or equal to the second preset flow data, a second shutdown command is generated. The second shutdown command is used to shut down the second water pump relay and the second solenoid valve relay in sequence. A third flow meter is installed in the third pipeline. When the statistical data of the third flow meter is greater than or equal to a third preset flow data, a third shut-off command is generated. The third shut-off command is used to sequentially shut down the third water pump relay and the third solenoid valve relay.

7. An agricultural irrigation system, characterized in that, The agricultural irrigation system includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire a dataset of farmland conditions in the area to be irrigated, wherein the dataset includes minimum soil moisture content data, soil nutrient data, and expected crop disease index data. The first judgment module is used to determine whether to generate a first irrigation command based on the comparison result between the minimum soil moisture content data and the farmland water holding capacity data. The first irrigation command is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve and the first water pump located on the first pipeline, and to irrigate the farmland based on the first irrigation command. The second judgment module is used to determine whether to generate a second irrigation command based on the comparison result between the soil nutrient data and the preset nutrient data. The second irrigation command is used to control the opening of the second solenoid valve and the second water pump located on the second pipeline, and to fertilize the farmland based on the second irrigation command. The third judgment module is used to determine whether to generate a third irrigation command based on the level of the expected disease index of the crop. The third irrigation command is used to control the opening of the third solenoid valve and the third water pump located on the third pipeline, and to apply pesticides to the farmland based on the third irrigation command.

8. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the agricultural irrigation method according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the agricultural irrigation method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the agricultural irrigation method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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