Device-to-reader resource allocation
By determining time and frequency resources for D2R transmissions based on residual SFO, the solution addresses inefficiencies in existing systems, improving resource allocation and transmission reliability in wireless communications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QUALCOMM INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently managing device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions due to residual sampling frequency offset (SFO) causing timing and frequency errors, which affect resource allocation efficiency.
The proposed solution involves determining time and frequency resources for multiple D2R transmissions based on residual SFO, using configurations included in the reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, predefined settings, or calculations to account for timing and frequency errors, ensuring efficient resource allocation.
This approach improves resource efficiency by accurately accounting for timing and frequency errors associated with residual SFO, enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of D2R transmissions.
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Figure CN2024130654_15052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICE-TO-READER RESOURCE ALLOCATION
[0001] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including device-to-reader (D2R) resource allocation.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) . Some wireless communications systems may include reader devices, ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices, or both.SUMMARY
[0004] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.
[0005] A method for wireless communications by a first device is described. The method may include receiving, from a reader device, a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission that triggers a set of multiple device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions and communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0006] A first device for wireless communications is described. The first device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the first device to receive, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions and communicate, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0007] Another first device for wireless communications is described. The first device may include means for receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions and means for communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions and communicate, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0009] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, each D2R transmission of the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be communicated over a different time slot duration, a different frequency range, or both.
[0010] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the R2D transmission indicates a chip duration and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a D2R transmission duration over which the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be communicated, the D2R transmission duration in accordance with the chip duration, the MCS, and the TBS.
[0011] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the R2D transmission may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the R2D transmission that indicates a threshold D2R transmission duration or an exact D2R transmission duration over which the set of multiple D2R transmissions, where the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be communicated in accordance with the threshold D2R transmission duration or the exact D2R transmission duration.
[0012] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a start of a first D2R transmission in time of the set of multiple D2R transmissions or a start of the first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0013] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a middle of a first D2R transmission in time of the set of multiple D2R transmissions or a middle of the first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0014] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be indicated in the R2D transmission.
[0015] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be predefined or received prior to the R2D transmission.
[0016] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be each separated from the R2D transmission by the set of durations, the set of durations including respective time gaps between an end of reception of the R2D transmission and a beginning or middle of respective resources for each D2R transmission of the set of multiple D2R transmissions and the respective time gaps may be indicated in the R2D transmission or predefined at the first device.
[0017] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain may be separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations including time gaps between beginnings or middle points of the adjacent D2R transmissions.
[0018] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain may be separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations including threshold guard durations between ends and beginnings of the adjacent D2R transmissions.
[0019] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, adjacent device-to-reader transmissions of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising time gaps or guard durations and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for determining the respective durations of the set of durations based on a threshold D2R transmission duration or an actual D2R transmission duration, a threshold residual sampling frequency offset (SFO) , a device type, a transmission index in the time domain, or any combination thereof.
[0020] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the time gaps or the guard durations may be determined according to a table or an equation.
[0021] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the R2D transmission may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the R2D transmission that indicates the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies including a set of multiple frequency gaps, where the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be each separated by respective frequency gaps of the set of multiple frequency gaps between a center frequency of the R2D transmission and a center frequency of each D2R transmission.
[0022] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a frequency domain may be separated by respective frequencies of the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies including frequency gaps or guard bands, the frequency gaps or the guard bands indicated in the R2D transmission or preconfigured at the first device.
[0023] Some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining the frequency gaps or the guard bands based on a threshold D2R bandwidth or an actual D2R transmission bandwidth, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in the frequency domain, or any combination thereof.
[0024] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the frequency gaps or the guard bands may be determined according to a table or an equation.
[0025] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of durations includes a single time slot duration, the set of frequencies includes a single frequency range, or both and each D2R transmission of the set of multiple D2R transmissions may be communicated over the single time slot duration, the single frequency range, or both.
[0026] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of durations includes a single time gap or guard duration and adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain may be separated by the single time gap or guard duration.
[0027] In some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of frequencies includes a single frequency gap or guard band and adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a frequency domain may be separated by the single frequency gap or guard band.
[0028] Some examples of the method, first devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining whether the set of multiple D2R transmissions may have variable or uniform resource allocations based on: a device type of the reader device, a quantity of the set of multiple D2R transmissions that may be triggered by the R2D transmission, an amount of time between a D2R transmission occurring prior to the set of multiple D2R transmissions and a reception of the R2D transmission, a clock reliability of the reader device, or any combination thereof.
[0029] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] FIG. 1 and 2 show examples of wireless communications systems that support device-to-reader (D2R) resource allocations in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 3 shows an example of a timing diagram that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 4 shows an example of a frequency diagram that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 5 shows an example of a timing diagram that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIGs. 7 and 8 show block diagrams of devices that support D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0038] FIGs. 11 and 12 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] A network entity may communicate ambient Internet-of-Things (IoT) data or signaling with an IoT device directly or via an intermediate node. For example, a user equipment (UE) may operate as an intermediate device or node between the network entity and the IoT device. The UE, in such examples, may be an example of a reader or a reader device. The UE may transmit a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission to the IoT device that triggers multiple device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions. For example, the R2D transmission may trigger random access, and the multiple D2R transmissions may be for a first message of a random access procedure. The IoT device may position a clock that controls monitoring for the multiple D2R transmissions based on the R2D reception. That is, the IoT device may transmit the D2R transmissions using a clock that measures an amount of time from receipt of the R2D transmission. However, the IoT device may experience residual sampling frequency offset (SFO) . The residual SFO may be associated with timing errors for time domain resources that the IoT device uses to transmit the D2R transmissions. For example, D2R transmissions that are further away from the triggering R2D transmission may be associated with higher residual SFO and, accordingly, timing errors.
[0040] Techniques described herein may support time and frequency resource allocations for D2R transmissions that account for the residual SFO. For example, the IoT device may determine time domain resources, frequency domain resources, or both for multiple D2R transmissions that are triggered by an R2D transmission. the time domain resources may account for timing errors that are associated with residual SFO of the IoT device, while the frequency domain resources may account for frequency errors that are associated with the residual SFO of the IoT device. The time and frequency resources may be different or the same over a range of the multiple D2R transmissions. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more aspects of the time and frequency resources may be included in the R2D transmission, predefined, or determined based on other aspects. That is, the IoT device may transmit the D2R transmissions according to a configuration that is based on different information that is included in the R2D transmission, predefined, calculated, or any combination thereof. The time and frequency resources may improve resource efficiency by accounting for the time and frequency errors associated with residual SFO.
[0041] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are also described in the context of timing diagrams, frequency diagrams, and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to D2R resource allocation.
[0042] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0043] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0044] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0045] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0046] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0047] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0048] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0049] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0050] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0051] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support D2R resource allocation as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0052] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0053] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0054] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0055] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0056] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0057] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0058] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0059] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0060] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0061] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be relatively low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
[0062] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0063] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0064] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0065] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0066] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0067] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0068] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0069] As described herein, the UE 115 may operate as an intermediate device between the network entity 105 and an IoT device. For example, the UE 115 may be an example of a reader device. The UE 115 and the IoT device may communicate R2D transmissions, D2R transmissions, or both. In examples described herein, the UE 115 may transmit an R2D transmission that triggers multiple D2R transmissions. The IoT device may communicate the multiple D2R transmissions according to a resource configuration that is based on time errors, frequency errors, or both associated with residual SFO.
[0070] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 200 may implement or be implemented by the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include a network entity 105, a UE 115, and a device 205, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0071] The wireless communications system 200 may illustrate or describe a deployment scenario, a topology, or both. For example, in the deployment scenario or topology of FIG. 2, the UE 115 may be an intermediate node under network control (e.g., control of the network entity 105) . The network entity 105 may be a macro-cell or co-site. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may be indoor. The UE 115 may act as an intermediate node between the network entity 105 and the device 205. The device 205 may be an example of an IoT device, such as an ambient IoT device. For example, the device 205 may be an example of a first device, (e.g., Device 1) , a second device (e.g., Device 2a) , or a third device (e.g., Device 2b) .
[0072] The first device may support about ~1 μW peak power consumption, have energy storage, have an initial SFO up to 10X ppm, and be absent of downlink and uplink amplification. An uplink transmission of the first device may be backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally. The second device may support a few hundred μW of peak power consumption, have energy storage, have an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm, and support downlink amplification, uplink amplification, or both. An uplink transmission of the second device may be backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally. The third device may support less than or equal to a few hundred μW peak power consumption, have energy storage, have an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm, and support downlink amplification, uplink amplification. An uplink transmission of the third device may be generated internally by the device.
[0073] The network entity 105 and the UE 115 may communicate uplink and downlink traffic via uplink and downlink communications links, including via a Uu link 125. The UE 115 and the device 205 may communicate ambient IoT data or signaling. For example, the UE 115 and the device 205 may communicate multiple traffic types, including device-originated (DO) -device-terminated triggered (DTT) traffic, delay tolerant (DT) traffic, or both. The traffic may include indoor inventory (e.g., rUC1) and indoor command (e.g., rUC4) traffic. As described herein, the UE 115 and the device 205 may communicate according to a resource allocation.
[0074] The UE 115 may transmit a R2D transmission 210 to the device 205 that triggers random access. The R2D transmission may determine a quantity (e.g., X) of time domain resources for D2R transmissions 215 for a first message in a random access procedure (e.g., Msg1) , where each D2R transmission the first message occurs in one time domain resource of the quantity of time domain resources. In some examples, a threshold value of the quantity of time domain resources may be based on device implementation complexity, device power consumption, resource usage efficiency (e.g., affected by at least SFO) , and inventory latency. That is, the UE 115, the device 205, or both may determine time domain resources (e.g., quantities, size of each resource, or both) and address timing errors for adjacent time domain resources that are associated with residual SFO of the device 205.
[0075] The D2R transmissions 215 may be for a third message of the random access procedure (e.g., Msg3) . The device 205 may transmit the D2R transmissions 215 according to a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , a time division multiple access (TDMA) , or both. Additionally, or alternatively, the D2R transmissions 215 may be in response to a set of one or multiple transmissions of a second message of the random access procedure (e.g., Msg2) .
[0076] The single R2D transmission 210 may trigger multiple D2R transmissions 215. The device 205 may have fewer or limited capabilities compared to one or more other devices, such as the UE 115. In such examples, the device 205 may have poor clock maintenance, and adjacent time domain resources, frequency domain resources, or both may be associated with residual SFO. Accordingly, techniques described herein may support a mechanism for resource determination for multiple D2R transmissions 215 corresponding to a single R2D transmission 210 (e.g., a single physical R2D channel triggering) . The device 205 may communicate the D2R transmissions 215 over different time slot durations over time, different frequency ranges over frequency, or both. Alternatively, the device 205 may communicate the D2R transmissions 215 over same or equal time slot durations over time, same frequency ranges over frequency, or both.
[0077] Examples of times and frequencies over which the R2D transmission 210 and the D2R transmissions 215 may be communicated may be described in greater detail elsewhere herein, including with reference to FIGs. 3 through 5.
[0078] The UE 115 (e.g., a first device) may select between variable resources or equal resources for the multiple D2R transmissions 215. For example, the UE 115 may select a type of resource allocation based on a target device type (e.g., a device type of the device 205) . As an example, if the target device is an example of the second (e.g., Device 2a) or third device (e.g., Device 2b) , the UE 115 may select the equal resources, but if the target device is an example of the first device (e.g., Device 1) , the UE 115 may select the variable resources.
[0079] Additionally, the UE 115 may select a type of resource allocation based on a quantity of scheduled D2R transmissions which are corresponding to a single R2D scheduling. For example, if a quantity of scheduled D2R transmissions over time is greater than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the variable resources, but if the quantity of scheduled D2R transmissions is less than the threshold, the UE 115 may select the equal resources. Similarly, if a quantity of scheduled D2R transmissions over frequency is greater than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the variable resources; but if a quantity of scheduled D2R transmissions over frequency is less than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the equal resources.
[0080] In some examples, the UE 115 may select a type of resource allocation based on a time duration between reception of the R2D transmission 210 and last D2R transmission (e.g., prior to the D2R transmissions 215) . For example, if the time duration between the R2D reception and the last D2R transmission is less than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the equal resources, but if the time duration between the R2D reception and the last D2R transmission is greater than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the variable resources.
[0081] Additionally, the UE 115 may select a type of resource allocation based on a frequency gap between the reception of the R2D transmission 210 and a last D2R transmission (e.g., prior to the D2R transmissions 215) . For example, if the frequency gap between the R2D reception and the last D2R transmission is less than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the equal resources, but if the frequency gap between the R2D reception and the last D2R transmission is greater than a threshold, the UE 115 may select the variable resources.
[0082] In some examples, the UE 115 may select a type of resource allocation based on a clock reliability of the device 205. Additionally, or alternatively, the selection may be based on any of the examples above and described elsewhere herein.
[0083] FIG. 3 shows an example of a timing diagram 300 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The timing diagram 300 may implement or be implemented by the wireless communications system 100, the wireless communications system 200, or both. For example, the timing diagram 300 may illustrate timing of communications a reader, such as a UE, and a device, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.
[0084] A first device may transmit D2R transmissions over varied time domain resources. Time durations between and with reference to the different D2R transmissions may be with respect to a triggering R2D transmission (e.g., time durations 305) , with respect to an adjacent D2R transmission (e.g., time gaps 310) , or between adjacent D2R transmissions (e.g., guard durations 315) .
[0085] The time durations 305 and time gaps 310 described with reference to FIG. 3 may be defined using starting points or middle points of resources. For example, the time durations 305 and time gaps 310 described with reference to FIG. 3 may be defined using starting points of resources, but it may be understood that the time durations 305 and time gaps 310 may be in a middle of a time resource to which they are defined in reference to. As an example, a time duration 305-a may be between reception of an R2D transmission 210-a and transmission of an D2R transmission 215-a (e.g., from a perspective of the first device) . In the example of FIG. 3, the time duration 305-a may end at a starting point of the D2R transmission 215-a, but, in another example (not shown) the time duration 305-a may end at a middle point of the D2R transmission 215-a. Similarly, a time gap 310-a may be between a start of a D2R transmission 215-e and a start of a D2R transmission 215-g, but, in another example (not shown) , the time gap 310-b may be between a middle point of the D2R transmission 215-e and a middle point of the D2R transmission 215-f.
[0086] The R2D transmissions may indicate a starting point of a resource which can be used for the D2R transmissions, a D2R transmission duration, or both. Alternatively, the R2D transmissions may indicate a middle point of the resource which can be used for the D2R transmissions, a D2R transmission duration, or both. In some examples, the R2D transmissions may indicate a chip duration, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) , a transport block size (TBS) , or any combination thereof of the D2R transmissions. In such examples, the R2D transmissions may be absent of an indication of an actual transmission duration of the D2R transmissions. In some other examples, the R2D transmissions may indicate a threshold transmission duration (e.g., maximum allowed) or exact transmission duration of the D2R transmissions. That is, the D2R transmission 215-a, the D2R transmission 215-b, and so on may satisfy the threshold duration or be the exact transmission duration as indicated in a corresponding R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission 210-a) .
[0087] For resources which occur at a first or earliest assigned time resource among the scheduled resources for the D2R transmissions, time durations between the R2D transmissions and the D2R transmissions may be indicated or predefined. The time durations for first instances of the D2R transmissions (e.g., a time duration 305-a, a time duration 305-e, a time duration 305-f) may be between an end of R2D reception and the starting time of the first or earliest assigned time resource for D2R transmissions or the time durations between the R2D reception and a middle point of the first or earliest assigned time resource for D2R transmissions. For example, the R2D transmissions may include a dynamic indication of a time durations for a corresponding first D2R resource or transmission in time. Alternatively, the time durations may be predefined or preconfigured (e.g., received prior to the R2D transmissions) .
[0088] For resources which do not occur at a first or earliest assigned time resource among the scheduled resources for the D2R transmissions, time durations 305, time gaps 310, or guard durations 315 may be indicated or predefined. For example, the R2D transmissions may include dynamic indications of the time durations 305, time gaps 310, or guard durations 315 for corresponding D2R transmissions. Alternatively, the time durations 305, time gaps 310, or guard durations 315 may be predefined or preconfigured (e.g., received prior to the R2D transmissions) . In examples in which the D2R transmissions are separated by time gaps 310 or guard durations 315, a transmission index in the time domain may be indicated or predefined.
[0089] The time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 may be predefined or calculated according to a table. For example, a first device may determine the time gaps 310 or the guard durations 315 between D2R transmissions which are adjacent in time based on a threshold D2R transmission duration (e.g., based on a maximum supported TBS of D2R and a lowest D2R MCS or longest chip duration) , a maximum residual SFO or device type, a transmission index in the time domain, or any combination thereof. A relation between the time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 and the threshold D2R transmission duration, the maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in time domain may be indicated by a table. For example, the relation may be indicated via Table 1 below.
[0090] Table 1
[0091] Alternatively, the first device may determine the time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 based on an equation. That is, an equation may be introduced to calculate the time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 based on a threshold D2R transmission duration, a maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in the time domain.
[0092] For example, a first device may determine the time gaps 310 or the guard durations 315 between D2R transmissions which are adjacent in time based on an actual D2R transmission duration, a maximum residual SFO or device type, a transmission index in the time domain, or any combination thereof. A relation between the time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 and the actual D2R transmission duration, the maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in time domain may be indicated by a table. For example, the relation may be indicated via Table 2 below.
[0093] Table 2
[0094] Alternatively, the first device may determine the time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 based on an equation. That is, an equation may be introduced to calculate the time gaps 310 and guard durations 315 based on an actual D2R transmission duration, a maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in the time domain.
[0095] FIG. 4 shows an example of a frequency diagram 400 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The frequency diagram 400 may implement or be implemented by the wireless communications system 100, the wireless communications system 200, or both. For example, the frequency diagram 400 may illustrate frequencies of communications a reader, such as a UE, and a device, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.
[0096] A first device may transmit D2R transmissions over varied frequency domain resources. Frequencies between and with reference to the different D2R transmissions may be with respect to a triggering R2D transmission (e.g., frequency offsets, such as frequency offset 405) , with respect to an adjacent D2R transmission (e.g., frequency gaps, not shown) , or between adjacent D2R transmissions (e.g., guard bands 410) .
[0097] For a resource which occurs at a lowest frequency among frequencies for the D2R transmissions or a smallest frequency shift among frequency shifts for the D2R transmission, the R2D transmission 210 may indicate (e.g., dynamically) the frequency offset 405 between the R2D center frequency and the frequency for D2R transmission.
[0098] For a resource which does not occur at the lowest frequency among the frequencies for the D2R transmissions or does not occur at the smallest frequency shift among the frequency shifts for D2R transmissions, frequency gaps or guard bands 410 between D2R transmissions which are adjacent in the frequency domain and the transmission index in the frequency domain may be dynamically indicated or predefined. That is, the R2D transmission 210 may indicate the guard bands 410.
[0099] Alternatively, the guard bands 410 may be predefined or preconfigured. That is, the frequency gap or guard bands 410 between two D2R transmissions which are adjacent in frequency domain may be determined based on a threshold (e.g., maximum allowed) D2R bandwidth, a the maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in frequency domain. In such examples, a first device may determine the frequency gap or guard bands 410 using a table (e.g., similar to Table 1, but for frequency gaps or guard bands) or using an equation. That is, a table may be introduced to indicate a relation between the guard band 410 or frequency gap and the threshold D2R bandwidth, the maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in frequency domain. Or, the guard band 410 or frequency gap may be deduced through the threshold D2R bandwidth, the maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in frequency domain (e.g., an equation may be introduced to calculate the guard band 410 or frequency gap) .
[0100] In another example, the frequency gap or guard band 410 between two D2R transmissions which are adjacent in frequency domain may be determined based on the actual D2R bandwidth, the maximum residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in frequency domain. In such examples, a table may be introduced to indicate the relation between the guard band 410 or frequency gap and the actual D2R bandwidth, the residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in frequency domain (e.g., similar to Table 2, but for frequency gaps or guard bands) . Or, the guard band 410 or frequency gap may be deduced through the actual bandwidth, the residual SFO or device type, and the transmission index in frequency domain (e.g., an equation may be introduced to calculate the guard band 410 or frequency gap) .
[0101] FIG. 5 shows an example of a timing diagram 500 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The timing diagram 500 may implement or be implemented by the wireless communications system 100, the wireless communications system 200, or both. For example, the timing diagram 500 may illustrate timing of communications a reader, such as a UE, and a device, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.
[0102] A first device may transmit D2R transmissions over equal time domain resources. Time durations between and with reference to the different D2R transmissions may be with respect to a triggering R2D transmission (e.g., time durations 305) , with respect to an adjacent D2R transmission (e.g., time gaps 310) , or between adjacent D2R transmissions (e.g., guard durations 315) .
[0103] For resources of the D2R transmissions which occur at a first scheduled time resource among the resources for the D2R transmissions, the D2R transmissions may be separated from the corresponding R2D transmission by a time duration 305 that is indicated or predefined. The time duration 305 may be between an end of R2D reception and a starting time of D2R transmissions which occur at the first scheduled time resource for D2R transmission or the time duration 305 between the end of R2D reception and the middle time of D2R transmissions which occur at the first scheduled time resource for D2R transmission.
[0104] For the resources of D2R transmissions which do not occur at the first or earliest assigned time resource among resources for the D2R transmissions, the time gaps 310 or guard durations 315 may be indicated or predefined. For example, the adjacent D2R transmissions may be separated by time gaps 310 or guard durations 315 that are indicated in a corresponding R2D transmission or that are predefined. A single time gap 310 or guard duration 315 may apply for all the scheduled D2R transmissions. The time gap 310 or the guard duration 315 may be based on a maximum timing drift error or errors among the scheduled D2R transmissions. The time gaps 310 may refer to the time gap between two start point of two adjacent resources for D2R transmissions or two middle point of two adjacent resources for D2R transmissions.
[0105] In some examples, the R2D transmissions may indicate a chip duration, an MCS, a TBS, or any combination thereof of the D2R transmissions. In such examples, the R2D transmissions may be absent of an indication of an actual transmission duration of the D2R transmissions. In some other examples, the R2D transmissions may indicate a threshold transmission duration (e.g., maximum allowed) or exact transmission duration of the D2R transmissions. That is, the D2R transmission 215-a, the D2R transmission 215-b, and so on may satisfy the threshold duration or be the exact transmission duration as indicated in a corresponding R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission 210-a) .
[0106] For a frequency resource which occurs at a lowest frequency among the frequencies for D2R transmissions or a smallest frequency shift among frequency shifts for D2R transmissions, a frequency offset between the R2D center frequency and the frequency for D2R transmission may be dynamically indicated (e.g., by the corresponding R2D) . For frequency resources which do not occur at the lowest frequency among the frequencies for D2R transmissions or the smallest frequency shift among the frequency shifts for D2R transmissions, a corresponding R2D may indicate a D2R transmission index in the frequency domain. Additionally, the guard band or frequency gaps between two D2R transmissions which occur at two adjacent frequency resources may be indicated (e.g., via the corresponding R2D) or predefined. A single guard band or frequency gap may be indicated for all the scheduled D2R transmissions. In such examples, the guard band or frequency gap may be determined based on the maximum frequency drift errors among the scheduled D2R transmissions.
[0107] FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow 600 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 600 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the wireless communications system 200, the timing diagram 300, the frequency diagram 400, the timing diagram 500, or any combination thereof. For example, the process flow 600 may include a first device 605 and a reader 610, which may be examples of the device 205 and the UE 115, respectively, as described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0108] Alternative examples of the following may be implemented, where some operations are performed in a different order than described or are not performed at all. In some examples, operations may include additional features not mentioned below, or further operations may be added. Although the first device 605 and the reader 610 are shown performing the operations of the process flow 600, some aspects of some operations may also be performed by one or more other wireless devices.
[0109] At 615, the reader 610 may transmit or output an R2D transmission. For example, the first device 605 (e.g., an IoT device) may receive, from the reader 610, an R2D transmission that triggers a multiple D2R transmissions. The R2D transmission may be an example of the R2D transmission 210 as described with reference to FIGs. 2 through 5.
[0110] In some examples, the R2D transmission may indicate a chip duration, an MCS, and a TBS of the multiple D2R transmissions. In such examples, the first device 605 may determine a D2R transmission duration over which the multiple D2R transmissions are communicated, the D2R transmission duration in accordance with the chip duration, the MCS, and the TBS. The D2R transmission duration may refer to a total duration over which the multiple D2R transmissions are communicated. In other words, the D2R transmission duration may refer to a duration from a first D2R transmission of the multiple D2R transmissions in time to a last D2R transmission of the multiple D2R transmissions in time.
[0111] The R2D transmission may indicate a threshold D2R transmission duration or an exact D2R transmission duration over which the multiple D2R transmissions are communicated. For example, the D2R transmission duration may refer to a threshold (e.g., maximum allowed) D2R transmission duration, where an actual D2R transmission duration may be equal to or less than the threshold D2R transmission duration, or an exact D2R transmission duration, where an actual D2R transmission duration may be equal to the exact D2R transmission duration.
[0112] The R2D transmission may indicate a set of frequencies. The set of frequencies may include multiple frequency gaps, where the multiple D2R transmissions are each separated by respective frequency gaps of the multiple frequency gaps between a center frequency of the R2D transmission and a center frequency of each D2R transmission.
[0113] At 620, the first device 605 may determine time resources. Additionally, or alternatively, at 630, the reader 610 may determine time resources. For example, the first device 605, the reader 610, or both may determine respective durations of a set of durations based on a threshold D2R transmission duration or an actual D2R transmission duration, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in a time domain, or any combination thereof. The first device 605, the reader 610, or both may determine the respective durations in examples in which adjacent D2R transmissions of the multiple D2R transmissions in the time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations being time gaps or guard durations. In some examples, the first device 605, the reader 610, or both may determine time gaps or guard durations according to a table or an equation.
[0114] At 625, the first device 605 may determine frequency resources. Additionally, or alternatively, at 635, the reader 610 may determine frequency resources. For example, the first device 605, the reader 610, or both may determine frequency gaps or guard bands based on a threshold D2R bandwidth or an actual D2R transmission bandwidth, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in the frequency domain, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the first device 605, the reader 610, or both may determine the frequency gaps or guard bands according to a table or an equation.
[0115] In some examples, determining the time and frequency resources may include determining whether the multiple D2R transmissions have variable or uniform resource allocations. The first device 605, the reader 610, or both may determine whether the multiple D2R transmissions have variable or uniform resource allocations based on a device type of the reader 610, a quantity of the multiple D2R transmissions that are triggered by the R2D transmission, an amount of time between a D2R transmission occurring prior to the multiple D2R transmissions and a reception of the R2D transmission, a clock reliability of the reader 610, or any combination thereof.
[0116] At 640, the first device 605 may transmit or output the D2R transmissions. For example, the first device 605 may communicate, to the reader 610 and in accordance with a configuration, the multiple D2R transmissions. The configuration may include a set of durations associated with the multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the multiple D2R transmissions. Additionally, the configuration may include a set of frequencies associated with the multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the multiple D2R transmissions.
[0117] In some examples, D2R transmission of the multiple D2R transmissions is communicated over a different time slot duration, a different frequency range, or both. That is, the first device 605 and the reader 610 may communicate the D2R transmissions over different times or frequencies, such as the different times or frequencies as described with reference to FIGs. 3 and 4.
[0118] A time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the multiple D2R transmissions may be between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a start of a first D2R transmission in time of the multiple D2R transmissions or a start of the first resource of the multiple D2R transmissions. That is, a time between when the first device 605 receives the R2D transmission and transmits a first D2R transmission may refer to a time between an end of the R2D transmission and a start of the first D2R transmission (e.g., a first resource or transmission of the D2R) .
[0119] Alternatively, the time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the multiple D2R transmissions may be between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a middle of a first D2R transmission in time of the multiple D2R transmissions or a middle of the first resource of the multiple D2R transmissions. That is, the time between when the first device 605 receives the R2D transmission and transmits a first D2R transmission may refer to a time between an end of the R2D transmission and a middle of the first D2R transmission (e.g., a middle of a first resource, such as equidistant from a start of the first resource and an end of the first resource) .
[0120] In some examples, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the multiple D2R transmissions may be indicated in the R2D transmission. For example, the R2D transmission may include an indication of the time between the R2D transmission and the first resource. Additionally, or alternatively, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the multiple D2R transmissions may be predefined (e.g., at the first device 605, at a lookup table, etc. ) or received prior to the R2D transmission. For example, the reader 610 may output, prior to the R2D transmission, a message including an indication of the time between the R2D transmission and the first resource.
[0121] The multiple D2R transmissions may each be separated from the R2D transmission by the set of durations (e.g., of the configuration) . That is, the set of durations may be examples of the durations 305 in the example of FIG. 3. The set of durations may include respective time gaps between an end of reception of the R2D transmission and a beginning or middle of respective resources for each D2R transmission of the multiple D2R transmissions. The respective time gaps may be indicated in the R2D transmission or predefined at the first device 605.
[0122] In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations (e.g., of the configuration) , the set of durations including time gaps between beginnings or middle points of the adjacent D2R transmissions. For example, the set of durations may be examples of the time gaps 310 in the example of FIG. 3.
[0123] Adjacent D2R transmissions of the multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain may be separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations including threshold guard durations between ends and beginnings of the adjacent D2R transmissions. For example, the set of durations may be examples of guard durations 315 in the example of FIG. 3.
[0124] In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the multiple D2R transmissions in a frequency domain are separated by respective frequencies of the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies including frequency gaps or guard bands, the frequency gaps or the guard bands indicated in the R2D transmission or preconfigured at the first device 605.
[0125] The set of durations may include a single time slot duration, the set of frequencies may include a single frequency range, or both. In such examples, each D2R transmission of the multiple D2R transmissions may be communicated over the single time slot duration, the single frequency range, or both.
[0126] Additionally, or alternatively, the set of durations may include a single time gap or guard duration, and adjacent D2R transmissions of the multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain may be separated by the single time gap or guard duration. For example, the D2R transmissions may be separated by the time gap 310 or the guard duration 315 as described with reference to FIG. 5.
[0127] The set of frequencies may include a single frequency gap or guard band, and adjacent D2R transmissions of the multiple D2R transmissions in a frequency domain may be separated by the single frequency gap or guard band.
[0128] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 705 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of an IoT device, such as the device 205, as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communications manager 720. The device 705, or one or more components of the device 705 (e.g., the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communications manager 720) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0129] The receiver 710 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to D2R resource allocation) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0130] The transmitter 715 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 705. For example, the transmitter 715 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to D2R resource allocation) . In some examples, the transmitter 715 may be co-located with a receiver 710 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0131] The communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of D2R resource allocation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0132] In some examples, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0133] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0134] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both. For example, the communications manager 720 may receive information from the receiver 710, send information to the transmitter 715, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0135] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0136] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communications manager 720, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources.
[0137] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a device 705 or device 205 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0138] The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to D2R resource allocation) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0139] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to D2R resource allocation) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0140] The device 805, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of D2R resource allocation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820 may include a R2D receiver component 825 a D2R transmitter component 830, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 820 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 820, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0141] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The R2D receiver component 825 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions. The D2R transmitter component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0142] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a communications manager 920 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 720, a communications manager 820, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of D2R resource allocation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a R2D receiver component 925, a D2R transmitter component 930, a D2R duration component 935, a D2R resource allocation component 940, a D2R frequency component 945, a D2R frequency gap component 950, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0143] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The R2D receiver component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions. The D2R transmitter component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0144] In some examples, each D2R transmission of the set of multiple D2R transmissions is communicated over a different time slot duration, a different frequency range, or both.
[0145] In some examples, the R2D transmission indicates a chip duration, and the D2R duration component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a D2R transmission duration over which the set of multiple D2R transmissions are communicated, the D2R transmission duration in accordance with the chip duration, the MCS, and the TBS.
[0146] In some examples, to support receiving the R2D transmission, the D2R duration component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the R2D transmission that indicates a threshold D2R transmission duration or an exact D2R transmission duration over which the set of multiple D2R transmissions, where the set of multiple D2R transmissions are communicated in accordance with the threshold D2R transmission duration or the exact D2R transmission duration.
[0147] In some examples, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions is between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a start of a first D2R transmission in time of the set of multiple D2R transmissions or a start of the first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0148] In some examples, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions is between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a middle of a first D2R transmission in time of the set of multiple D2R transmissions or a middle of the first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0149] In some examples, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions is indicated in the R2D transmission.
[0150] In some examples, a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the set of multiple D2R transmissions is predefined or received prior to the R2D transmission.
[0151] In some examples, the set of multiple D2R transmissions are each separated from the R2D transmission by the set of durations, the set of durations including respective time gaps between an end of reception of the R2D transmission and a beginning or middle of respective resources for each D2R transmission of the set of multiple D2R transmissions. In some examples, the respective time gaps are indicated in the R2D transmission or predefined at the first device.
[0152] In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations including time gaps between beginnings or middle points of the adjacent D2R transmissions.
[0153] In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations including threshold guard durations between ends and beginnings of the adjacent D2R transmissions.
[0154] In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations including time gaps or guard durations, and the D2R duration component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining the respective durations of the set of durations based on a threshold D2R transmission duration or an actual D2R transmission duration, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in the time domain, or any combination thereof.
[0155] In some examples, the time gaps or the guard durations are determined according to a table or an equation.
[0156] In some examples, to support receiving the R2D transmission, the D2R frequency component 945 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the R2D transmission that indicates the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies including a set of multiple frequency gaps, where the set of multiple D2R transmissions are each separated by respective frequency gaps of the set of multiple frequency gaps between a center frequency of the R2D transmission and a center frequency of each D2R transmission.
[0157] In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a frequency domain are separated by respective frequencies of the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies including frequency gaps or guard bands, the frequency gaps or the guard bands indicated in the R2D transmission or preconfigured at the first device.
[0158] In some examples, the D2R frequency gap component 950 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining the frequency gaps or the guard bands based on a threshold D2R bandwidth or an actual D2R transmission bandwidth, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in the frequency domain, or any combination thereof.
[0159] In some examples, the frequency gaps or the guard bands are determined according to a table or an equation.
[0160] In some examples, the set of durations includes a single time slot duration, the set of frequencies includes a single frequency range, or both. In some examples, each D2R transmission of the set of multiple D2R transmissions is communicated over the single time slot duration, the single frequency range, or both.
[0161] In some examples, the set of durations includes a single time gap or guard duration. In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by the single time gap or guard duration.
[0162] In some examples, the set of frequencies includes a single frequency gap or guard band. In some examples, adjacent D2R transmissions of the set of multiple D2R transmissions in a frequency domain are separated by the single frequency gap or guard band.
[0163] In some examples, the D2R resource allocation component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining whether the set of multiple D2R transmissions have variable or uniform resource allocations based on: a device type of the reader device, a quantity of the set of multiple D2R transmissions that are triggered by the R2D transmission, an amount of time between a D2R transmission occurring prior to the set of multiple D2R transmissions and a reception of the R2D transmission, a clock reliability of the reader device, or any combination thereof.
[0164] FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of or include components of a device 705, a device 805, or a device 205 as described herein. The device 1005 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 1005 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1020, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 1010, a transceiver 1015, one or more antennas 1025, at least one memory 1030, code 1035, and at least one processor 1040. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1045) .
[0165] The I / O controller 1010 may manage input and output signals for the device 1005. The I / O controller 1010 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1005. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 1010 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1040. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I / O controller 1010 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1010.
[0166] In some cases, the device 1005 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 1005 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1015 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 1025 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1015 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1015 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1025. The transceiver 1015, or the transceiver 1015 and one or more antennas 1025, may be an example of a transmitter 715, a transmitter 815, a receiver 710, a receiver 810, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0167] The at least one memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1035. The code 1035 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1040, cause the device 1005 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1040 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1030 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0168] The at least one processor 1040 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1040. The at least one processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1030) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting D2R resource allocation) . For example, the device 1005 or a component of the device 1005 may include at least one processor 1040 and at least one memory 1030 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1040, the at least one processor 1040 and the at least one memory 1030 configured to perform various functions described herein.
[0169] In some examples, the at least one processor 1040 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1030 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1040 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1040) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1030) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1040 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1040 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1005 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 1035 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 1030 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0170] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions. The communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions.
[0171] By including or configuring the communications manager 1020 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1005 may support techniques for improved communication reliability, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, and longer battery life.
[0172] In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1015, the one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1020 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1020 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1040, the at least one memory 1030, the code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1035 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1040 to cause the device 1005 to perform various aspects of D2R resource allocation as described herein, or the at least one processor 1040 and the at least one memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0173] FIG. 11 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by an IoT device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a device 205 as described with reference to FIGs. 2 through 10. In some examples, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0174] At 1105, the method may include receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions . The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a R2D receiver component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0175] At 1110, the method may include communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a D2R transmitter component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0176] FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supports D2R resource allocation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by an IoT device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a device 205 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0177] At 1205, the method may include receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a set of multiple D2R transmissions . The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a R2D receiver component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0178] At 1210, the method may include determining a D2R transmission duration over which the set of multiple D2R transmissions are communicated, the D2R transmission duration in accordance with a chip duration, an MCS, and a TBS. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a D2R duration component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0179] At 1215, the method may include communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the configuration including: a set of durations associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of durations based on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the set of multiple D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the set of multiple D2R transmissions. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a D2R transmitter component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0180] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0181] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications by a first device, comprising: receiving, from a reader device, a R2D transmission that triggers a plurality of D2R transmissions; and communicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the plurality of D2R transmissions, the configuration comprising: a set of durations associated with the plurality of D2R transmissions, the set of durations based at least in part on time drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the plurality of D2R transmissions, and a set of frequencies associated with the plurality of D2R transmissions, the set of frequencies based at least in part on frequency drift errors associated with the R2D transmission triggering the plurality of D2R transmissions.
[0182] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein each D2R transmission of the plurality of D2R transmissions is communicated over a different time slot duration, a different frequency range, or both.
[0183] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, wherein the R2D transmission indicates a chip duration, a MCS, and a TBS of the plurality of D2R transmissions, the method further comprising: determining a D2R transmission duration over which the plurality of D2R transmissions are communicated, the D2R transmission duration in accordance with the chip duration, the MCS, and the TBS.
[0184] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3, wherein receiving the R2D transmission comprises: receiving the R2D transmission that indicates a threshold D2R transmission duration or an exact D2R transmission duration over which the plurality of D2R transmissions, wherein the plurality of D2R transmissions are communicated in accordance with the threshold D2R transmission duration or the exact D2R transmission duration.
[0185] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, wherein a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the plurality of D2R transmissions is between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a start of a first D2R transmission in time of the plurality of D2R transmissions or a start of the first resource of the plurality of D2R transmissions.
[0186] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the plurality of D2R transmissions is between an end of a reception of the R2D transmission and a middle of a first D2R transmission in time of the plurality of D2R transmissions or a middle of the first resource of the plurality of D2R transmissions.
[0187] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, wherein a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the plurality of D2R transmissions is indicated in the R2D transmission.
[0188] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein a time between the R2D transmission and a first resource of the plurality of D2R transmissions is predefined or received prior to the R2D transmission.
[0189] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, wherein the plurality of D2R transmissions are each separated from the R2D transmission by the set of durations, the set of durations comprising respective time gaps between an end of reception of the R2D transmission and a beginning or middle of respective resources for each D2R transmission of the plurality of D2R transmissions, and the respective time gaps are indicated in the R2D transmission or predefined at the first device.
[0190] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, wherein adjacent D2R transmissions of the plurality of D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising time gaps between beginnings or middle points of the adjacent D2R transmissions.
[0191] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein adjacent D2R transmissions of the plurality of D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising threshold guard durations between ends and beginnings of the adjacent D2R transmissions.
[0192] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein adjacent D2R transmissions of the plurality of D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising time gaps or guard durations, the method further comprising: determining the respective durations of the set of durations based at least in part on a threshold D2R transmission duration or an actual D2R transmission duration, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in the time domain, or any combination thereof.
[0193] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the time gaps or the guard durations are determined according to a table or an equation.
[0194] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 12 through 13, wherein receiving the R2D transmission comprises: receiving the R2D transmission that indicates the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies comprising a plurality of frequency gaps, wherein the plurality of D2R transmissions are each separated by respective frequency gaps of the plurality of frequency gaps between a center frequency of the R2D transmission and a center frequency of each D2R transmission.
[0195] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 through 14, wherein adjacent D2R transmissions of the plurality of D2R transmissions in a frequency domain are separated by respective frequencies of the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies comprising frequency gaps or guard bands, the frequency gaps or the guard bands indicated in the R2D transmission or preconfigured at the first device.
[0196] Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, further comprising: determining the frequency gaps or the guard bands based at least in part on a threshold D2R bandwidth or an actual D2R transmission bandwidth, a threshold residual SFO, a device type, a transmission index in the frequency domain, or any combination thereof.
[0197] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein the frequency gaps or the guard bands are determined according to a table or an equation.
[0198] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 1 through 17, wherein the set of durations comprises a single time slot duration, the set of frequencies comprises a single frequency range, or both, and each D2R transmission of the plurality of D2R transmissions is communicated over the single time slot duration, the single frequency range, or both.
[0199] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 1 through 18, wherein the set of durations comprises a single time gap or guard duration, and adjacent D2R transmissions of the plurality of D2R transmissions in a time domain are separated by the single time gap or guard duration.
[0200] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 1 through 19, wherein the set of frequencies comprises a single frequency gap or guard band, and adjacent D2R transmissions of the plurality of D2R transmissions in a frequency domain are separated by the single frequency gap or guard band.
[0201] Aspect 21: The method of any of aspects 1 through 20, further comprising: determining whether the plurality of D2R transmissions have variable or uniform resource allocations based at least in part on: a device type of the reader device, a quantity of the plurality of D2R transmissions that are triggered by the R2D transmission, an amount of time between a D2R transmission occurring prior to the plurality of D2R transmissions and a reception of the R2D transmission, a clock reliability of the reader device, or any combination thereof.
[0202] Aspect 22: A first device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first device to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 21.
[0203] Aspect 23: A first device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 21.
[0204] Aspect 24: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 21.
[0205] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0206] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0207] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0208] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0209] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0210] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0211] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0212] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “acomponent” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “acomponent” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0213] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0214] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0215] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0216] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first device to:receive, from a reader device, a reader-to-device transmission that triggers a plurality of device-to-reader transmissions; andcommunicate, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the configuration comprising:a set of durations associated with the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the set of durations based at least in part on time drift errors associated with the reader-to-device transmission triggering the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, anda set of frequencies associated with the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the set of frequencies based at least in part on frequency drift errors associated with the reader-to-device transmission triggering the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein each device-to-reader transmission of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions is communicated over a different time slot duration, a different frequency range, or both.3.The first device of claim 1, wherein the reader-to-device transmission indicates a chip duration, modulation and coding scheme (MCS) , and a transport block size (TBS) of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, and the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first device to:determine a device-to-reader transmission duration over which the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions are communicated, the device-to-reader transmission duration in accordance with the chip duration, the MCS, and the TBS.4.The first device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the reader-to-device transmission, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first device to:receive the reader-to-device transmission that indicates a threshold device-to-reader transmission duration or an exact device-to-reader transmission duration over which the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, wherein the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions are communicated in accordance with the threshold device-to-reader transmission duration or the exact device-to-reader transmission duration.5.The first device of claim 1, wherein a time between the reader-to-device transmission and a first resource of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions is between an end of a reception of the reader-to-device transmission and a start of a first device-to-reader transmission in time of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions or a start of the first resource of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions.6.The first device of claim 1, wherein a time between the reader-to-device transmission and a first resource of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions is between an end of a reception of the reader-to-device transmission and a middle of a first device-to-reader transmission in time of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions or a middle of the first resource of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions.7.The first device of claim 1, wherein a time between the reader-to-device transmission and a first resource of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions is indicated in the reader-to-device transmission.8.The first device of claim 1, wherein a time between the reader-to-device transmission and a first resource of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions is predefined or received prior to the reader-to-device transmission.9.The first device of claim 1, wherein:the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions are each separated from the reader-to-device transmission by the set of durations, the set of durations comprising respective time gaps between an end of reception of the reader-to-device transmission and a beginning or middle of respective resources for each device-to-reader transmission of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, andthe respective time gaps are indicated in the reader-to-device transmission or predefined at the first device.10.The first device of claim 1, wherein adjacent device-to-reader transmissions of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising time gaps between beginnings or middle points of the adjacent device-to-reader transmissions.11.The first device of claim 1, wherein adjacent device-to-reader transmissions of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising threshold guard durations between ends and beginnings of the adjacent device-to-reader transmissions.12.The first device of claim 1, wherein adjacent device-to-reader transmissions of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions in a time domain are separated by respective durations of the set of durations, the set of durations comprising time gaps or guard durations, and the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first device to:determine the respective durations of the set of durations based at least in part on a threshold device-to-reader transmission duration or an actual device-to-reader transmission duration, a threshold residual sampling frequency offset (SFO) , a device type, a transmission index in the time domain, or any combination thereof.13.The first device of claim 12, wherein the time gaps or the guard durations are determined according to a table or an equation.14.The first device of claim 12, wherein, to receive the reader-to-device transmission, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first device to:receive the reader-to-device transmission that indicates the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies comprising a plurality of frequency gaps, wherein the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions are each separated by respective frequency gaps of the plurality of frequency gaps between a center frequency of the reader-to-device transmission and a center frequency of each device-to-reader transmission.15.The first device of claim 1, wherein adjacent device-to-reader transmissions of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions in a frequency domain are separated by respective frequencies of the set of frequencies, the set of frequencies comprising frequency gaps or guard bands, the frequency gaps or the guard bands indicated in the reader-to-device transmission or preconfigured at the first device.16.The first device of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first device to:determine the frequency gaps or the guard bands based at least in part on a threshold device-to-reader bandwidth or an actual device-to-reader transmission bandwidth, a threshold residual sampling frequency offset (SFO) , a device type, a transmission index in the frequency domain, or any combination thereof.17.The first device of claim 16, wherein the frequency gaps or the guard bands are determined according to a table or an equation.18.The first device of claim 1, wherein:the set of durations comprises a single time slot duration, the set of frequencies comprises a single frequency range, or both, andeach device-to-reader transmission of the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions is communicated over the single time slot duration, the single frequency range, or both.19.A method for wireless communications by a first device, comprising:receiving, from a reader device, a reader-to-device transmission that triggers a plurality of device-to-reader transmissions; andcommunicating, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the configuration comprising:a set of durations associated with the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the set of durations based at least in part on time drift errors associated with the reader-to-device transmission triggering the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, anda set of frequencies associated with the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the set of frequencies based at least in part on frequency drift errors associated with the reader-to-device transmission triggering the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions.20.A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to:receive, from a reader device, a reader-to-device transmission that triggers a plurality of device-to-reader transmissions; andcommunicate, to the reader device and in accordance with a configuration, the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the configuration comprising:a set of durations associated with the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the set of durations based at least in part on time drift errors associated with the reader-to-device transmission triggering the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, anda set of frequencies associated with the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions, the set of frequencies based at least in part on frequency drift errors associated with the reader-to-device transmission triggering the plurality of device-to-reader transmissions.