Straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali soil, and preparation method therefor and use thereof

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali soil, and a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The straw decomposing agent of the present invention comprises the following main components: a compound microbial agent, zeolite powder, soybean cake, and corn meal. The parts by weight of the raw materials respectively are: 1-2 parts of the compound microbial agent, 31-35 parts of zeolite powder, 2-5 parts of soybean cake, and 30-40 parts of corn meal. The well-decomposed straw of the present invention is applied to the saline-alkali soil, thereby promoting growth of crops planted on the saline-alkali soil, reducing the salt content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil, and improving the physicochemical properties of the soil.

Description

A straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land, its preparation method and application Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land improvement technology, and more specifically to a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Soil salinization renders farmland uncultivable, reduces soil economic efficiency, and wastes land resources. Through biological remediation, saline-alkali land can be converted into arable land without damaging the ecological environment. By improving the soil's physical and chemical properties and microclimate, the goals of reducing soil moisture evaporation and inhibiting soil salinization can be achieved, which is of great significance for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0003] The decomposed crop straw contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms, organic matter, and nutrients. When applied to saline-alkali land, it can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and increase the number of beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, developing a straw decomposing agent containing beneficial microorganisms and applying decomposed straw to planting in saline-alkali land is of great significance for improving saline-alkali land.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a method for preparing a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land, its preparation method and application.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land. It is made from 1-2 parts of compound microbial agent, 31-35 parts of zeolite powder, 2-5 parts of soybean cake and 30-40 parts of cornmeal. After mixing and stirring the raw materials evenly, the moisture content is adjusted to 40-65%. After aerobic fermentation at 20-30℃ for 5-10 days, the straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land is obtained.

[0008] A method for preparing a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land specifically includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Preparation of compound microbial agent: The powders of Aspergillus glaucus, Trichothecium roseum, Trichoderma harzianum, Verticillium chlamydosporium, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Candida utilis were compounded according to the following weight ratio to obtain the compound microbial agent. The powders were: 15-25 parts of Aspergillus glaucus powder, 10-20 parts of Trichothecium roseum powder, 5-15 parts of Trichoderma harzianum powder, 10-20 parts of Verticillium chlamydosporium powder, 5-15 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii powder, and 10-25 parts of Candida utilis powder.

[0010] (2) Obtaining straw decomposing agent: Weigh 1-2 parts of compound microbial agent, 31-35 parts of zeolite powder, 2-5 parts of soybean cake and 30-40 parts of corn flour according to the predetermined weight ratio, pile them up for aerobic fermentation at a temperature of 20-30℃ for 5-10 days to obtain straw decomposing agent.

[0011] The present invention also claims protection for the application of a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land as described above, or a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land prepared by the preparation method described above, in crop cultivation.

[0012] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: promoting the growth of crops planted in saline-alkali land, increasing yield, and improving the physical and chemical properties and ecological environment of saline-alkali land soil. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] The reagents required for this invention are conventional experimental reagents, purchased from commercially available channels; the experimental methods not mentioned are conventional experimental methods, and will not be described in detail here.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] Preparation of Straw Decomposing Agent 1

[0017] The raw materials for the straw decomposition agent include, by weight, 1 part of compound microbial agent, 31 parts of zeolite powder, 3 parts of soybean cake, and 30 parts of cornmeal. The compound microbial agent is a mixture of mycelial powders of *Aspergillus glaucus*, *Polygonum tinctorium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Verticillium chrysogenum*, *Lactobacillus delbrueckii*, and *Candida utilis*, with the following weight percentages: 15 parts *Aspergillus glaucus* powder, 16 parts *Polygonum tinctorium* powder, 15 parts *Trichoderma harzianum* powder, 20 parts *Verticillium chrysogenum* powder, 5 parts *Lactobacillus delbrueckii* powder, and 17 parts *Candida utilis* powder. The bacterial counts are as follows: *Aspergillus glaucus* ≥ 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g and the bacterial count of *Aspergillus pinkis* ≥ 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g and Trichoderma harzianum count ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g and the bacterial count of *Verticillium chrysogenum* ≥ 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g and Lactobacillus delbrueckii count ≥2.0×10⁻⁶ 11 CFU / g and the content of *Candida utilis* ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ 9 cfu / g.

[0018] A compound microbial agent is prepared by uniformly mixing Aspergillus glaucus powder, Polysporus pulveratum powder, Trichoderma harzianum powder, Verticillium chrysogenum powder, Lactobacillus delbrueckii powder, and Candida utilis powder. The compound microbial agent, zeolite powder, soybean cake, and cornmeal are then mixed and stirred evenly, and water is added to a moisture content of 40%. The mixture is then piled up for aerobic fermentation at 20-30℃ for 5 days. The fermented product is straw decomposing agent 1.

[0019] Example 2

[0020] Preparation of Straw Decomposing Agent 2

[0021] The raw materials for the straw decomposition agent include, by weight, 1.6 parts of compound microbial agent, 35 parts of zeolite powder, 2 parts of soybean cake, and 34 parts of cornmeal. The compound microbial agent is a mixture of powders of *Aspergillus glaucus*, *Polygonum tinctorium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Verticillium chrysogenum*, *Lactobacillus delbrueckii*, and *Candida utilis*, with the following weight percentages: 19 parts *Aspergillus glaucus* powder, 20 parts *Polygonum tinctorium* powder, 5 parts *Trichoderma harzianum* powder, 15 parts *Verticillium chrysogenum* powder, 12 parts *Lactobacillus delbrueckii* powder, and 25 parts *Candida utilis* powder. The bacterial count is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ for *Aspergillus glaucus*. 10 CFU / g and the bacterial count of *Aspergillus pinkis* ≥ 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g and Trichoderma harzianum count ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g and the bacterial count of *Verticillium chrysogenum* ≥ 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g and Lactobacillus delbrueckii count ≥2.0×10⁻⁶ 11 CFU / g and the content of *Candida utilis* ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶9 cfu / g.

[0022] A compound microbial agent is prepared by uniformly mixing Aspergillus glaucus powder, Polysporus pulveratum powder, Trichoderma harzianum powder, Verticillium chrysogenum powder, Lactobacillus delbrueckii powder, and Candida utilis powder. The compound microbial agent, zeolite powder, soybean cake, and cornmeal are then mixed and stirred until homogeneous. Water is added to bring the moisture content to 52%. The mixture is then piled up and aerobically fermented for 7 days at 20-30℃. The fermented product is straw decomposing agent 2.

[0023] Example 3

[0024] Preparation of straw decomposing agent 3

[0025] The raw materials for the straw decomposition agent include, by weight, 2 parts of compound microbial agent, 33 parts of zeolite powder, 5 parts of soybean cake, and 40 parts of cornmeal. The compound microbial agent is a mixture of mycelial powders of *Aspergillus greenii*, *Polygonum pinki*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Verticillium chrysogenum*, *Lactobacillus delbrueckii*, and *Candida utilis*, with the following weight percentages: 25 parts *Aspergillus greenii* powder, 10 parts *Polygonum pinki* powder, 11 parts *Trichoderma harzianum* powder, 10 parts *Verticillium chrysogenum* powder, 15 parts *Lactobacillus delbrueckii* powder, and 10 parts *Candida utilis* powder. The bacterial count is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ for *Aspergillus greenii*. 10 CFU / g and the bacterial count of *Aspergillus pinkis* ≥ 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g and Trichoderma harzianum count ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g and the bacterial count of *Verticillium chrysogenum* ≥ 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g and Lactobacillus delbrueckii count ≥2.0×10⁻⁶ 11 CFU / g and the content of *Candida utilis* ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ 9 cfu / g.

[0026] A compound microbial agent is prepared by uniformly mixing Aspergillus glaucus powder, Polysporus pulveratum powder, Trichoderma harzianum powder, Verticillium chrysogenum powder, Lactobacillus delbrueckii powder, and Candida utilis powder. The compound microbial agent, zeolite powder, soybean cake, and cornmeal are then mixed and stirred until homogeneous. Water is added to bring the moisture content to 65%. The mixture is then piled up and aerobically fermented for 10 days at 20-30℃. The fermented product is straw decomposing agent 3.

[0027] Example 4

[0028] The effect of straw decomposition agents on the improvement of saline-alkali land and their impact on sunflower growth

[0029] Saline-alkali soil plots were selected in Shizuishan City, Ningxia. The basic physicochemical properties of the topsoil were: pH 8.75, total salt content 3.25 g / kg, organic matter content 1.30%, available phosphorus 13.62 mg / kg, available potassium 177 mg / kg, and available nitrogen 50.26 mg / kg. The experiment was designed with four groups: three experimental groups and one control group. Each experimental plot was 30 m². 2 .

[0030] The experimental group was treated with chemical fertilizers and the straw decomposing agent prepared according to this invention. Specifically, urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate were applied to the soil as base fertilizers before sunflower planting. The application rates of the three fertilizers were as follows: urea 455 kg / hm². 2 915 kg / hm of superphosphate 2 Potassium sulfate 83 kg / hm 2 The experimental group used the straw decomposing agent prepared according to this invention to decompose the straw of the previous season's corn, and then returned the straw to the field in situ. The specific application method of the straw decomposing agent was as follows: after the first year's corn harvest, the above-ground parts were harvested and collected, then crushed into particles with a length ≤5cm. The corn particles were then evenly scattered back into the field, and the straw decomposing agent was evenly scattered on the straw returned to the field in situ. The straw was then turned into the soil together with the straw to a depth of 25cm, and the field was irrigated. In the three experimental groups, the application rates of straw decomposing agent 1, straw decomposing agent 2, and straw decomposing agent 3 were 15kg / hm², respectively. 2 23kg / hm 2 and 30kg / hm 2 The control group was not treated with straw decomposing agent, but all other procedures were the same as those in the experimental group.

[0031] Ningkui Za 4 was selected as the experimental variety, and the same routine management was adopted in all areas. After the sunflower harvest, the sunflower yield in each area was counted, and the soil pH, total salt content, organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1

[0033] As shown in Table 1, the pH and total salt content of the soil in the three sunflower planting groups treated with straw decomposition agents were significantly lower than the control, while the organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium content were significantly higher. Sunflower yield was also significantly higher than the control. This indicates that the straw decomposition agents 1, 2, and 3 prepared above can effectively decompose straw. When these three decomposed straws are applied to saline-alkali land, they can all reduce soil pH and salinity, improve soil physicochemical properties, promote sunflower growth, and increase sunflower yield.

[0034] Example 5

[0035] The effects of straw decomposition agents on saline-alkali land improvement and rice growth

[0036] Saline-alkali fields used for rice cultivation were selected in Da'an City, Jilin Province. The basic physicochemical properties of the soil were as follows: pH 9.75, total salt content of the topsoil 2.03 g / kg, organic matter content 0.84%, available phosphorus 16.95 mg / kg, available potassium 109.25 mg / kg, and available nitrogen 16.25 mg / kg. The experiment was designed with four groups: three experimental groups and one control group. Each experimental plot was 20 m². 2 .

[0037] The experimental group applied the straw decomposing agent and fertilizer of this invention. Specifically, urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and well-rotted rice straw were evenly spread on the soil surface, followed by tilling. The application rates of the three fertilizers were 230 kg / hm² for urea. 2 618 kg / hm² of superphosphate 2 and potassium sulfate 160 kg / hm 2 The specific application method of the straw decomposing agent is as follows: After the first harvest, the above-ground parts of the rice straw are harvested and collected. Residual straw in the field is removed manually. Straw decomposing agent 1, straw decomposing agent 2, and straw decomposing agent 3 are evenly spread on three piles of rice straw, respectively. The moisture content is adjusted to 50%, 55%, and 65%, and then piled up for composting for 150 days, 120 days, and 80 days, respectively. The three composted straw piles are then returned to the soil of the three experimental groups. For each 1000 kg of rice straw, the straw decomposing agent used is: 1 kg of straw decomposing agent 1, 2 kg of straw decomposing agent 2, and 4 kg of straw decomposing agent 3. The control group uses the same amount of chopped straw but no straw decomposing agent; all other operations are the same as the experimental groups.

[0038] Changbai No. 9 was selected as the experimental variety, and the same routine management was adopted in each region. After rice harvest, the rice yield in each region was counted, and the soil pH, total salt content, organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Table 2

[0040] As shown in Table 2, the pH and total salt content of the rice-growing soils in the three groups treated with straw decomposition agents were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium content were significantly higher. The yield in these areas was also significantly higher than the control. This indicates that the straw decomposition agents 1, 2, and 3 prepared above can significantly improve saline-alkali land, reduce soil pH and salinity, improve soil physicochemical properties, and simultaneously promote rice growth and increase rice yield.

[0041] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 1-2 parts compound microbial agent, 31-35 parts zeolite powder, 2-5 parts soybean cake, and 30-40 parts cornmeal.

2. The method for preparing the straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Preparation of compound microbial agents; (2) Obtaining straw decomposing agent.

3. The method for preparing a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the compound microbial agent includes Aspergillus glaucus, Polysporus pulvinatus, Trichoderma harzianum, Verticillium chrysogenum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Candida utilis.

4. The application of a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land as described in claim 1, or a straw decomposing agent for improving saline-alkali land prepared by the preparation method described in claims 2-3, in crop cultivation.

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