Communication method and communication apparatus
By adapting CSI measurement and reporting to the status of companion beams in non-terrestrial systems, the method optimizes power consumption and reduces unnecessary transmissions, addressing power waste and overhead in non-terrestrial communication systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-21
AI Technical Summary
In non-terrestrial wireless communication systems, the periodic CSI measurement and reporting waste UE power due to the fast movement of non-terrestrial transmit and receive points, leading to unnecessary power consumption and signaling overhead.
The method involves performing CSI measurement and reporting based on the status of companion beams, suspending measurements and reports for inactive beams, and utilizing anchor beams to determine beam muting and reporting configurations, thereby optimizing power usage.
This approach conserves UE power by selectively performing CSI measurements and reports only when necessary, reducing unnecessary transmissions and signaling overhead.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024141399_21052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMMUNICATION METHOD AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
[0001] This application claims priority to United States of America Patent Application No. 63720037, filed on November 13, 2024, and entitled “Communication Method and Communication Apparatus” , which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications. Particularly, it relates to a method, apparatus and system for multiple hybrid automatic repeat request.BACKGROUND
[0003] A terrestrial communication system may also be referred to as a land-based or ground-based communication system, although a terrestrial communication system can also, or instead, be implemented on or in water. A wireless communications system may support communications between a UE and non-terrestrial devices, which is also called as a non-terrestrial communication system.
[0004] Channel state information (CSI) measurement and CSI report are scheduled periodically. In the situation that a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) moves fast, the CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) corresponding to the CSI measurement does not present if UEs are expected. This will waste UE’s power.
[0005] Therefore, there is a need to save UE’s power in non-terrestrial network (NTN) system.SUMMARY
[0006] This present disclosure provides a communication method and a communication apparatus used to save UE’s power in wireless communication networks such as non-terrestrial network (NTN) , terrestrial network, sidelink communication network, device-to-device communication network etc. systems.
[0007] According to a first aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a first apparatus, for example, a first apparatus or a module in a first apparatus, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem (modem) chip, also referred to as a baseband (baseband) chip, or a system on chip (system on chip, SoC) chip or a system in package (system in package, SIP) chip that includes a modem core) that is responsible for a communication function in a first device. For example, the method is applied to a first apparatus.
[0008] In this method, the first apparatus receives first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam. And the first apparatus performs a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information.
[0009] In some implementations of this application, the first apparatus may be a user equipment (UE) .
[0010] According to the foregoing method, instead of conducting the CSI measurement or the CSI report periodically, the first apparatus can perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report according to the status of companion beams when satellites move fast above Earth. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be saved. In addition, the first apparatus does not transmit unnecessary CSI report so that signaling overhead can also be saved.
[0011] In some implementations, that the first apparatus performs a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information comprises: the first apparatus determines to trigger the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam based on the first information. The first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is active. And the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on at least one first companion beam.
[0012] As such, the first apparatus can trigger to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report according to the active companion beams indicated by the first information. So other apparatus can also at least trigger to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the first information upon receiving the first information.
[0013] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.
[0014] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted. The third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.
[0015] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted. And the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the second companion beam.
[0016] In some implementation of this application, the fourth information can include a determined time when the second companion beam will be muted. Or the fourth information can include a time interval to determine when the second companion beam will be muted.
[0017] As such, the first apparatus can determine which companion beam will be muted timely so that the first apparatus can suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to that companion beam. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be further saved.
[0018] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted. The fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.
[0019] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted. And the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the at least one third companion beam.
[0020] In some implementations of this application, the sixth information can include one or more determined time when the at least one third companion beam will be released. Or the sixth information can include one or more time intervals that used to determine when the at least one third companion beam will be released.
[0021] It should be noted that the one or more determined time and the at least one third companion beam correspond one to one. And the one or more time intervals and the at least one third companion beam correspond one to one.
[0022] As such, the first apparatus can determine which companion beams will be released timely through the anchor beam so that the first apparatus can suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report timely. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be saved.
[0023] In some implementations, before the first apparatus performs a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report according to the first information, the method further includes that the first apparatus determines to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to at least one first companion beam. The first information further indicates that a status of the at least one first companion beam is active.
[0024] As such, the first apparatus just monitors the active companion beam upon receiving the first information. At least the power of the first apparatus can also be saved.
[0025] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives seventh information for indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not. And that the first apparatus performs a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information includes that the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information.
[0026] As such, the first apparatus just monitors the active companion beam upon receiving the first information. And then the first apparatus can perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the first apparatus is informed to perform. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be further saved.
[0027] In some implementations, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. That the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information includes that the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report base on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices comprises a first device that receives the seventh information.
[0028] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the seventh information indicative of the first set of devices including the first apparatus, the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam.
[0029] In some implementations, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. That the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information includes that the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the seventh information.
[0030] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the seventh information indicative of the first set of devices without the first apparatus, the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam.
[0031] In some implementations, the method further includes that the first apparatus receives eighth information for indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not. And the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information.
[0032] As such, the first apparatus can suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the first apparatus is informed to suspend. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be further saved.
[0033] In some implementations, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. That the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information includes that the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices comprises a first device that receives the eighth information.
[0034] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the eighth information indicative of the second set of devices including the first apparatus, the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0035] In some implementations, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. That the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information includes that the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the eighth information.
[0036] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the eighth information indicative of the second set of devices without the first apparatus, the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0037] In some implementations, an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.
[0038] According to a second aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a second apparatus, for example, a second apparatus or a module in a second apparatus, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem (modem) chip, also referred to as a baseband (baseband) chip, or a system on chip (system on chip, SoC) chip or a system in package (system in package, SIP) chip that includes a modem core) that is responsible for a communication function in a second apparatus. For example, the method is applied to a second apparatus.
[0039] In this method, the second apparatus determines first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam. The first information is used to perform channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or CSI report. And the second apparatus transmits the first information.
[0040] In some implementations of this application, the second apparatus may be non-terrestrial transmit receive point (NT-TRP) .
[0041] According to foregoing method, the first information is helpful for the first apparatus to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. So, the first information is helpful to at least save the power of the first apparatus.
[0042] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam. The first information indicates that a status of the at least one first companion beam is active.
[0043] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted. The third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.
[0044] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted.
[0045] In some implementation of this application, the fourth information can include a determined time when the second companion beam will be muted. Or the fourth information can include a time interval to determine when the second companion beam will be muted.
[0046] As such, the third information and / or the fourth information transmitted by the second apparatus is helpful for the first apparatus to determine which companion beam will be muted timely and suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. So, the third information and / or the fourth information is helpful for the first apparatus to at least save the power.
[0047] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam in the at least one first companion beam will be muted. The fifth information is carried on an anchor beam corelated with the at least one first companion beam.
[0048] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted.
[0049] In some implementations of this application, the sixth information can include one or more determined time when the at least one third companion beam will be released. Or the sixth information can include one or more time intervals that used to determine when the at least one third companion beam will be released.
[0050] It should be noted that the one or more determined time and the at least one third companion beam correspond one to one. And the one or more time intervals and the at least one third companion beam correspond one to one.
[0051] As such, the fifth information and / or the sixth information transmitted by the second apparatus is helpful for the first apparatus to determine which companion beams will be muted timely through the anchor beam and suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report timely. So, the fifth information and / or the sixth information is helpful for the first apparatus to at least save the power.
[0052] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits seventh information indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not.
[0053] As such, the seventh information transmitted by the second apparatus is helpful for the first apparatus to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the first apparatus is informed to perform. So, the seventh information is helpful for first apparatus to at least save the power.
[0054] In some implementations, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0055] In some implementations, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0056] In some implementations, the method further includes that the second apparatus transmits eighth information indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not.
[0057] As such, the seventh information transmitted by the second apparatus is helpful for the first apparatus to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the first apparatus is informed to perform. So, the seventh information is helpful for first apparatus to save the power.
[0058] In some implementations, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0059] In some implementations, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0060] In some implementations, an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.
[0061] According to a third aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the first aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the first aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0062] According to a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the second aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the second aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0063] According to a fifth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the first aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect.
[0064] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0065] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include the memory.
[0066] The communication apparatus may be a UE, a module in a UE, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a UE, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0067] According to a sixth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the second aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect.
[0068] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0069] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include the memory.
[0070] The communication apparatus may be a NT-TRP, a module in a NT-TRP, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a NT-TRP, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0071] According to a seventh aspect, a communication system is described. The system includes a first apparatus which is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect, and a second apparatus which is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect.
[0072] According to an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is described. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when a computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect to the second aspect.
[0073] According to a ninth aspect, this application provides a computer program product. When a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect to the second aspect.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0074] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0075] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100 according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0076] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0077] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0078] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0079] FIG. 6 illustrates a diagram of one scenario of NTN system in this application;
[0080] FIG. 7 illustrates a diagram of another scenario of NTN system in this application;
[0081] FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram of another scenario of NTN system in this application;
[0082] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a bent-pipe scenario according to this application;
[0083] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic of an NT-TRP’s footprint in this application;
[0084] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic of an NT-TRP’s footprint in this application;
[0085] FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic of an NT-TRP’s footprint in this application; and
[0086] FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an implementation of this application. DESCRIPTION OF IMPLEMENTATIONS
[0087] The following describes technical solutions of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0088] Wireless communications system such as fourth generation (4G) system (for example, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system) , fifth generation (5G) system (for example, New Radio (NR) system) have been deployed to provide various types of applications, such as message, voice, video and other data.
[0089] The technical solutions in implementations of this application may be applied to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. The technical solutions in implementations of this application may be applied to various communication systems, such as a fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system, a new ratio (NR) wireless communication system, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a wireless local area network (WLAN) , a satellite communication system, or other evolving communication systems, such as future wireless communication system.
[0090] For ease of understanding of the implementations of this application, a communication system shown in FIG. 1-FIG. 6 is used as an example to describe in detail a communication system to which the implementations of this application are applicable.
[0091] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to an implementation of the present disclosure, there is shown a communication system 100 that includes a radio access network (RAN) 120, one or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (collectively referred to as 110) , a core network 130, a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 . The RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future generation RAN, or a RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network. The RAN 120 may be, for example, an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) , a NextGen RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN. Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) for 2G, UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) based on WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) and CDMA2000 for 3G, LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for 4G, and NR (New Radio) for 5G. In some implementations, The RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more EDs 110 and the RAN 120. In some implementations, the term “radio access” may refer to the future generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations. The one or more communication EDs 110 (also referred to as “user equipment” ) are configured to connect (e.g., communicatively couple) with each other or to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (collectively referred to as 170) in the RAN 120. The core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and comprises of network nodes (e.g., 170a, 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. In some implementations, the CN 130 may be dependent on the RAT used in the communication system 100. In other implementations, the CN 130 may be access-agnostic, i.e., the CN 130 may be independent of the RAT used in the communication system 100. There are different types of CN 130, for different 3GPP system generations. For example, the CN 130 is the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) in 4G, also known as the Evolved Packet System (EPS) . In another example, the CN 130 is the 5G Core (5GC) which was developed as part of the 5G System (5GS) . The CN 130 also enables integration of different 3GPP and non-3GPP access types. In some implementations and referring to FIG. 1, the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
[0092] In general, the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and / or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0093] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services, Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) services, Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, Ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility and the like.
[0094] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network comprising multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0095] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. There is shown the communication system 100 includes EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (collectively referred to as ED 110) , RANs 120a, 120b, one or more CNs 130, a PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. Additionally, the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c. The RANs 120a and120b may include network nodes 170a and 170b respectively. Examples of network nodes 107a, 107b include base stations, which can be generally referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a and 170b (collectively referred to as 170) . In this context, the terms "TRP" and "base station" are used interchangeably unless otherwise specified. For simplicity, this disclosure primarily refers to network nodes as base stations; however, unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to TRP are considered non-limiting and interchangeable. The T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower. In one implementation, the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0096] In some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 is not attached to the ground, for example, as in the case of an airborne base station. An airborne base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a flying device. For example, a flying device may include, but is not limited to, an airborne platform (such as a blimp or an airship) , balloon, drone (such as quadcopter) , and other types of aerial vehicles. In some implementations, an airborne base station may be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , such as a drone. An airborne base station may be a moveable or mobile base station that can be flexibly deployed in different locations to meet network demand. A satellite base station is another example of a non-terrestrial base station. A satellite base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station may also be referred to as an orbiting base station. High altitude platforms are yet another example of non-terrestrial base stations, including international mobile telecommunication base stations.
[0097] As referred to herein, and unless specified otherwise, a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or an NT-TRP, a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP” , and an “NT-TRP” may also refer to an “NTN TRP” . The NTN 120c may be considered a RAN, sharing operational aspects with RANs 120a, 120b. The NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device. The at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, communicating with the ED 110 via the NTN device. Additionally, there may be an NTN gateway on the ground (referred to as a terrestrial network device) that also functions as a transport layer device facilitating communication with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node may communicate with the ED 110 via the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may be located within the same device.
[0098] A base station 170 (also referred to as a TRP as stated above) is a network element within a radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the ED (such as a user equipment) . In different implementations, the base station 170 may also be known as a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, and a positioning node, among other possibilities. The base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or combinations thereof. When the base station 170 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.
[0099] The EDs 110a-110d and TRPs 170a-170b, 172 are examples of communication equipment configured to implement some or all of the operations and / or implementations described herein. The T-TRP 170a forms part of the RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs, and / or other devices. Also, the TRP 170b forms part of the RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs, and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b may transmit and / or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or a “coverage area” . The TRPs 170a-170b may be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmission and / or reception in a set of cell (s) . A cell is a radio network object that can be uniquely identified by a cell identification that is broadcasted over a geographical region or area from base stations associated with the cell. A cell can work in either FDD or TDD mode. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and a base station 170a-170b may, for example, employ one or more transceivers to provide services to one or more sectors. Some implementations, may include pico or femto cells if supported by the radio access technology. In some implementations, one or more transceivers could be used for each cell, such as with Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology. The number of RANs 120a-120b shown is merely an example. Any number of RANs may be contemplated when designing the communication system 100.
[0100] A base station may be a single element, as shown in the figures, or multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or otherwise configured. In some implementations, a plurality of RAN nodes coordinates to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement and handle different functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc. The CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or included within the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) . The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit (i.e., a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , or a remote radio head (RRH) ) . In different systems, the CU (or the CU-CP and the CU-UP) , the DU, or the RU may be known by different names, but their functions are understood by person skilled in the art. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, a CU may be referred to as an open CU (O-CU) , a DU may be referred to as an open DU (O-DU) , and a CU-CP may be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) . The CU-UP may also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP) , and the RU may also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU) . Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP) , the DU, and the RU may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0101] Furthermore, communication between different devices / apparatuses in various implementations of this disclosure may refer to direct communication (that is, without the need of forwarding by another device / apparatus) , or may refer to communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses via another device / apparatus (that is, requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus) . Alternatively, such communication (s) may involve one functional unit inside a device / apparatus using another functional unit within the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, phrases such as "sending (or transmitting) information to. . . (an ED or a base station) " in this disclosure may be understood as a destination endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including, sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to an ED or a base station. Similarly, phrases like "receiving information from. . . (an ED or a base station) " may be understood as a source endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including directly or indirectly receiving information from an ED or a base station. Between the source endpoint that sends the information and the destination endpoint, necessary processing such as, but not limited to, format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering may be performed on the information. However, the destination endpoint may understand valid information from the source endpoint. A similar understanding applies to other descriptions in this disclosure without reiterating details already described. In the present disclosure, the terms "send" and "transmit" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this disclosure.
[0102] The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, and other entities. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, but not limited to, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , MTC, internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, and autonomous delivery and mobility.
[0103] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to as, but not limited to) a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , an MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus (such as a module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to by other terms. When an ED 110 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED itself, one or more modules (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0104] Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and / or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.
[0105] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any of the TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110d may communicate using an UL and / or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0106] An air interface (such as, for example, 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as EDs and base station (s) . For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (such as, data) over a wireless communications link. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, that may include any suitable radio access technology.
[0107] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the EDs 110a, 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or more NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0108] The TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (such as radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links. The air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) , Lattice Partition Multiple Access (LPMA) , Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) , and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) .
[0109] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, multimedia, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by the CN 130, and may employ different radio access technologies from RAN 120a and / or RAN 120b. The CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b and / or the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. For example, the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c communicate using different cellular communications protocols, such as, but not limited to, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a New Radio (NR) protocol, and the like. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate using wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and / or to the Internet 150. The PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . The Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and may incorporate one or multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0110] In addition, the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and / or any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In one implementation, the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In another implementation, the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and / or the RAN 120 (such as any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172) .
[0111] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (such as ED 110) . The apparatus 320 may be a network node (e, g., the network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172. Although only one apparatus 310, and one apparatus 320 are shown in the figure, the number of apparatus 310 and / or number of apparatus 320 can vary, potentially including one or more of each. For example, a single ED 110 may be served by a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) , or by multiple T-TRPs 170 (or multiple NT-TRPs 172) . Similarly, a single ED 110 may be served by one or more T-TRPs 170 and one or more NT-TRPs 172. Similarly, a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) may serve one or more EDs 110.
[0112] The apparatus 310 may include one or more processors 210. For clarity and to avoid overcrowding the illustration, only a single processor 210 is illustrated. The apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. For clarity, only a single antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated into a single unit, for example, as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by the one or more antennas 204 or a network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received by the one or more antennas 204. A transceiver may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received through wireless or wired communication. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. The apparatus 310 may include a memory 208. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 may include multiple memories 208. Only a single transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0113] The memory 208 is configured to store instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 208 may also be configured to store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310. For example, the memory 208 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or operations described herein and that which are executed by the one or more processors 210.
[0114] The apparatus 310 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces. The input / output devices or interfaces facilitate interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes suitable components for facilitating transmission of information to a user and reception of information from a user, and for various network interface communications. Such components may include, but are not limited to, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, and the like.
[0115] The processor 210 may be configured to perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310. For example, the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform the operations of: a) receiving one or more transport blocks (TBs) , b) using a resource for decoding at least one of the received TBs, c) releasing the resource for decoding another of the received TBs, and / or d) receiving configuration information configuring a resource. Specifically, the operations may include tasks related to: preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320, processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320, and handling SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, transmit / receive beamforming, modulating / demodulating and encoding / decoding symbols. Depending upon the implementation, a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (such as by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 may be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, which includes operations for detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, such as using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
[0116] Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 210 may either be a part of the transmitter 201 or a part of the receiver 203 or a part of both the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the memory 208 may be a part of the processor 210.
[0117] The processor 210, along with the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by one or more processors that may the same or different. These processors are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (such as in the memory 208) .
[0118] The apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated) . The apparatus 320 may further include one or more transmitters 252 and one or more receivers 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only a single antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid clutter in the illustration. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a single unit such as, for example, as a transceiver. The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may include multiple memories 258. The apparatus 320 may further include a scheduler 253. Only a single transmitter 252, receiver 254, processor 260, memory 258, antenna 256 and scheduler 253 are illustrated for simplicity, however the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components. In the present disclosure, in some implementations, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0119] In some implementations, various components of the apparatus 320 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remotely from the equipment housing the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (and therefore also can be viewed as one or more nodes) . These modules, which can be considered as one or more nodes, may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) , sometimes referred to as front haul, such as the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some implementations, the term apparatus 320 may also refer to network-side nodes that perform processing operations such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that which are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320. The nodes may also be coupled to other apparatuses 320. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may actually be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, such as through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or through the use of ORAN system as described above in the disclosure.
[0120] The processor 260 is configured to perform operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, precoding (such as MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 is further configured to generate an indication of beam direction, such as BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by the scheduler 253 which will be described below. In some implementations, the processor 260 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (such as BAI) received from another apparatus 320. The processor 260 is configured to perform other network side processing operations described herein, such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 may generate signaling data, to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and / or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling data generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may perform higher layer functions such as those at the Medium Access Control (MAC) or Radio Link Control (RLC) layers in addition to physical layer processing. In the apparatus 320, the scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260 or integrated within the processor 260. In some implementations, the scheduler 253 may be integrated within the apparatus 320 or may be operated separately from the apparatus 320. The scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (such as “configured grant” ) resources.
[0121] The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258 that is configured to store instructions for performing the operations described herein. The memory 258 may also store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or implementations described herein and that which are executed by the processor 260.
[0122] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may be implemented as part of the transmitter 252 and / or a part of the receiver 254. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253 and the memory 258 may be implemented as part of the processor 260.
[0123] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as in the memory 258.
[0124] The apparatus 320 and / or the apparatus 310 may include other components, not shown or described herein for the sake of clarity.
[0125] Note that the term “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be referred to as control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity. Signaling between a base station (such as the TRP 170a. 170b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (such as ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel. For DL, the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For UL, the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . For SL, signaling between different UEs or sensing devices (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be known as SL control information (SCI) which is transmitted in a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (such as higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, such as in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for SL signaling. Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling. The higher layer signaling may include radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control -control element (MAC-CE) signaling. Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
[0126] It should be noted that in present disclosure, “information” , when different from “message” , may be carried in one single message, or be carried in more than one separate message.
[0127] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 410 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as the ED 110 or the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. For example, the apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some instances may be referred to as a chip, a modem, a modem chip, a baseband chip, or a baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus 410 can include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within the ED 110, or within the apparatus 310. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within one of the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172, or the apparatus 320.
[0128] In an example, the apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411, and an interface circuit 412. The apparatus 410 may further include a memory 413. The one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. The memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In an example, the one or more processors 411 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the method implementations disclosed herein. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for execution by the one or more processors 411. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may include computer program instructions and / or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors 411. Thus, the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and / or data for a plurality times for the one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method implementations disclosed herein. As a communication interface, the interface circuit 412 is configured to implement communication with another component. For example, the interface circuit 412 may communicate a signal with other apparatus / system such as a radio frequency processing apparatus, or processor system. The communication includes transmitting signal (or data, information) to another component or device, or receives signal from another component or device. “transmitting” includes outputting the signal to a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit (transmitting unit) . “receiving” includes inputting or obtaining a signal from a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit (receiving unit) . Optionally, to reduce a load of the one or more processors, a baseband signal processing circuit 414 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
[0129] The apparatus 410 may be the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenarios, or may be included within the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenarios. The apparatus 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips. The apparatus 410 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, an SoC chip or an SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further be included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
[0130] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 510 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or implementations described herein. In some implementations, the apparatus 510 includes a processing unit 512 and a communication unit 513. Optionally, the apparatus 510 may further include a storage unit 511 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0131] The apparatus 510 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be the apparatus 310. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 210. The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 208.
[0132] The apparatus 510 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be apparatus 320. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) . The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 258.
[0133] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is an ED 110 or a module in an ED 110, a function of the apparatus 510 may be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit.
[0134] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in an ED 110, such as a modem chip, a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core -a function of the processing unit 512 may be implemented by a circuit system within the chip which includes one or more processors. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.
[0135] It may be understood that the units in the apparatus 510 may be logical or functional. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into a single functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into a single physical entity, or may be distributed across different physical entities. In addition, the functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this disclosure.
[0136] In an example, a functional unit in any one of the apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the methods disclosed herein, for example, as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more microprocessors or microprocessor units (MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers or microcontroller units (MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , or a combination of these.
[0137] In an example, the storage unit 511 may include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or a register.
[0138] A processor may be referred to as a processor system, an application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core. The processor may include one or a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more microprocessors (microprocessor units, MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , one or more artificial intelligence processors (AI processors) , or one or more neural network processing units (NPUs) .
[0139] Memory or a storage unit may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magnetoresistive random access memory (magnetoresistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache, a register, a read-only memory (ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk, and the like. In an example, computer program instructions used to execute implementations may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) . When a terminal runs, a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of a memory or a storage unit (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the method implementations disclosed herein.
[0140] A terrestrial communication system may also be referred to as a land-based or ground-based communication system, although a terrestrial communication system can also be implemented on or in water. A wireless communications system may support communications between a UE and non-terrestrial devices, which is also called a non-terrestrial communication system. The non-terrestrial communication system may bridge the coverage gaps for underserved areas by extending the coverage of cellular networks through non-terrestrial nodes, which will be key to ensuring global seamless coverage and providing mobile broadband services to unserved / underserved regions, in this case, it is hardly possible to implement terrestrial access-points / base-stations infrastructure in the areas like oceans, mountains, forests, or other remote areas.
[0141] The terrestrial communication system may use 5G technology and / or later generation wireless technologies. In some examples, the terrestrial communication system may also support wireless technologies, such as 3G or 4G. The non-terrestrial communication system may include satellite constellations like Geo-Stationary Orbit (GEO) satellites which are utilized to broadcast public / popular contents to a local server, Low earth orbit (LEO) satellites, which provide a better balance between large coverage areas and propagation path-loss / delay, stabilized satellites in Very Low Earth Orbits (VLEO) enabling technologies, which substantially reduce the costs for launching satellites to lower orbits, High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) which provide a low path-loss air interface for the users with limited power budget, or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) (or Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) ) , which allow for a dense deployment with coverage limited to local areas, such as airborne balloons quadcopters, drones, etc. In some examples, GEO satellites, LEO satellites, UAVs, HAPs and VLEOs may be considered in a horizontal and two-dimensional context. In other examples, UAVs, HAPs and VLEOs, coupled to integrate satellite communications into the cellular network’s emerging 3D vertical networks, includes many moving (other than geostationary satellites) and high-altitude access points such as UAVs, HAPs and VLEOs.
[0142] One possible scenario is that T-TRPs are communicating with NT-TRPs that are part of a satellite constellation, as illustrated FIG. 6. FIG. 6 illustrates a diagram of one scenario of NTN system in this application. A satellite constellation comprises a plurality of satellite orbits such that Earth is always provided with wireless coverage from the satellites, and each satellite orbit includes a plurality of satellites. T-TRPs may be connected to the core network through terrestrial gateways while satellite constellations may be connected to the core network through dedicated non-terrestrial gateways. Devices such as UEs may connect and communicate with a T-TRP and / or with an NT-TRP, depending on the conditions of traffic load, radio link quality, congestion, and so on.
[0143] Another possible scenario may be envisioned where the satellite constellation effectively acts as the gateway for T-TRPs on the ground, as illustrated in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 illustrates a diagram of another scenario of NTN system in this application. Satellites in the satellite constellation communicate with the CN through gateways located on the ground using a wireless link, while the gateways on the ground may use a wired link (such as fiber optical link) to communicate with the CN. T-TRPs communicate with satellites using a wireless link and satellites communicate between each other using free space optical links such as lasers. Devices such as UEs may connect and communicate with a T-TRP and / or with a NT-TRP, depending on the conditions of traffic load, radio link quality, congestion, and so on.
[0144] Another possible scenario may be envisioned where the NT-TRPs communicate with T-TRPs through the CN, as illustrated in FIG. 8. FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram of another scenario of NTN system in this application. NT-TRPs may first communicate with dedicated non-terrestrial gateways, which then communicate with the CN. The CN may then relay information from NT-TRPs to T-TRPs via dedicated terrestrial gateways. Devices such as UEs may connect and communicate with a T-TRP and / or with an NT-TRP, depending on the conditions of traffic load, radio link quality, congestion, and so on.
[0145] In the scenarios above shown in the figures, the link between the UE and the NT-TRPs may be called a service link, and the link between the NT-TRPs and the NTN gateway may be called a feeder link. In addition, the link between the NTN-TRPs may be called as inter-satellite link (ISL) (not shown in the figures) . Each NTN-TRP may be associated with one or more NTN Gateways.
[0146] The implementations set forth herein represent information sufficient to practice the claimed subject matter and illustrate ways of practicing such subject matter. Upon reading the following description in light of the accompanying figures, those of skill in the art will understand the concepts of the claimed subject matter and will recognize applications of these concepts not particularly addressed herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications fall within the scope of the disclosure and the accompanying claims.
[0147] For ease of understanding of the implementations of this application, the following briefly describes several terms used in this application.
[0148] 1) PDCCH / PUCCH / PSCCH
[0149] In downlink, control signaling may be transmitted in a control channel which may be called a PDCCH. The PDCCH is a type of physical downlink channel which may be used to carry a string of bits (e.g., downlink control information (DCI) bits) . For example, the PDCCH may be formed by a string of encoded DCI bits plus cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits.
[0150] In uplink, control signaling may be transmitted in a control channel which may be called PUCCH. The PUCCH is a type of physical downlink channel which may be used to carry a string of bits (e.g., uplink control information (UCI) bits) . For example, the PUCCH may be formed by a string of encoded UCI plus CRC bits.
[0151] In sidelink, control signaling may be transmitted in a control channel which may be called PSCCH. The PSCCH is a type of physical sidelink channel which may be used to carry a string of bits (e.g., sidelink control information (SCI) bits) . For example, the PSCCH may be formed by a string of encoded SCI plus CRC bits.
[0152] In some implementations, a signal carried on the PDCCH can also be called PDCCH. The transmitting / receiving a PDCCH may mean transmitting / receiving a signal carried by the PDCCH. Similarly, a signal carried on the PUCCH can also be called a PUCCH. The transmitting / receiving a PUCCH means transmitting / receiving a signal carried by the PUCCH. A signal carried on the PSCCH can also be called a PSCCH. Transmitting / receiving a PSCCH means transmitting / receiving a signal carried by the PSCCH.
[0153] 2) DCI
[0154] The DCI may be used for scheduling a data transmission or feedback of a data transmission. For example, the DCI may include information for scheduling the data transmission (e.g., for a downlink / uplink data transmission or a sidelink (SL) data transmission) and / or power control (e.g., uplink power control, or sidelink power control, or downlink power control) .
[0155] 3) PDSCH / PUSCH / PSSCH
[0156] The downlink data is scheduled by the DCI carried in the PDCCH and transmitted in a data channel which may be called a PDSCH. Similarly, the uplink data is transmitted in a data channel which may be called a PUSCH. The sidelink data is transmitted in a data channel which may be called PSSCH.
[0157] 4) Beam
[0158] Beam can also be expressed as a “spatial filter” or “spatial parameters” . A beam is formed by performing amplitude and / or phase weighting on data transmitted or received by at least one antenna port, or by using other methods such as, for example, adjusting a related antenna parameter. The beam may include a transmit (Tx) beam and / or a receive (Rx) beam. A beam used to transmit a signal, referred to as a transmit beam (Tx beam) , can also be expressed as a spatial domain transmit filter, or spatial transmit parameters. The transmit beam indicates distribution of signal strength formed in different spatial directions after a transmit beam signal is transmitted through an antenna. Similarly, a beam used to receive a signal, referred to as a receive beam (Rx beam) , can also be expressed as spatial domain receive filter, or spatial receive parameters. The receive beam indicates distribution of signal strength of a wireless signal received from an antenna and that is in different spatial directions. The beam information may include, but need not be limited to, a beam identifier, antenna port (s) identifier, channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource identifier, synchronization signal block (SSB) resource identifier, SRS resource identifier, and other reference signal resource identifiers.
[0159] 5) Beamforming technology
[0160] Beamforming technology can be used to form, shape or steer a beam. Beamforming can also be expressed as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception. Beamforming technology may include, but is not limited to, a digital beamforming technology, an analog beamforming technology, a hybrid digital / analog beamforming technology, and the like. Beamforming may relate to the adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna ports. The adjustments may include amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both, as defined by a beamforming weight set.
[0161] 6) Beam management
[0162] Beam management is a beam alignment mechanism for ensuring communication quality between the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus to ensure communication quality. A beam management mechanism includes detecting and predicting beam failure and mitigating beam failure. This mechanism facilitates agile beam recovery and autonomously tracks, refines and adjusts beams. Beam management mainly includes one or more of the following: beam sweeping, beam tracking, beam measurement and reporting, beam prediction, beam switching, beam failure and recovery (BFR) , and the like.
[0163] 7) Beam sweeping:
[0164] A base station (e.g., T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172) sequentially transmits signals using beams in different directions, in search for an optimal transmit beam aligned with a UE by traversing and sweeping all beams. During beam sweeping, the transmitting apparatus sends reference signals via beams in different directions while the receiving apparatus searches via beams in different directions for the reference signals transmitted by the transmitting apparatus. Reference signals transmitted by the transmitting apparatus, may include a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) or a positioning reference signal (PRS) . The receiving apparatus may transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS) , for example. The overhead for beam sweeping depends on a number of beam pairs (e.g., a transmitting apparatus beam and a receiving apparatus beam forming a beam pair) that are searched in order to find one or more beam pairs that have preferred characteristics, such as great signal strength, for data communication between the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus. Besides the number of beam pairs, the overhead for beam sweeping also depends on a duration measurement process (such as measurement of the receive signal strength) .
[0165] 8) Beam tracking:
[0166] This functionality used by a UE (e.g., ED 110) allows the UE to make informed decisions about selecting a different beam or beam pair.
[0167] 9) Beam measurements:
[0168] These are important for proper data transmission, decoding and beam and cell association, as communication parameters may be configured based at least partly on the beam measurement values. A UE periodically reports, to an associated base station, such as a base station serving the UE, (or a serving base station) , of a base station that may be a potential handover candidate, a base station that may be used as part of beam failure recovery, the beam measurement values, such as, for example, the measured beam reference signal received power (RSRP) , signal to noise ratio (SNR) , signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , interference power, and / or signal power. Whenever a UE changes its location, speed, or orientation, the beam to be reported to the associated base station may have different RSRP values, because the beam is configured to be transmitted at one or more particular angles or to a specific area. The UE may report, to the base station, measured RSRP values for different types of beams, such as, serving beams, beams used for beam switching, beams used for BFR, and / or beams used for potential handover (HO) .
[0169] 10) Beam Prediction:
[0170] This can potentially reduce latency for beam switching and thereby fluctuations in link quality. Beam prediction may be performed at the base station, the UE, or both.
[0171] 11) Beam Failure and Recovery (BFR) :
[0172] This includes beam failure detection, discovery of new beams, and beam recovery procedures.
[0173] 12) Beam pairing relationship
[0174] A beam pairing relationship prefers to the connection between a transmit beam and a receive beam. It may also be referred as the pairing relationship between a spatial transmit filter and a spatial receive filter. Transmit and receive beams may be spatially related. For example, parameters for a second beam (transmit or receive beam) for a second reference signal can be derived or inferred from information about a first beam (such as a Tx or Rx beam) for a first reference signal. A relatively large beamforming gain can be obtained by transmitting a signal between a transmit beam and a receive beam that have a beam pairing relationship.
[0175] 13) Antenna panel
[0176] An antenna panel, also called a panel can be configured with one or more receive beams, and one or more transmit beams. Therefore, an antenna panel can be understood or correspondingly referred as a unit of an antenna group, an antenna array, or an antenna sub-array which can control its transmit or receive beam independently. A base station or UE, may receive a signal by using a receive beam on an antenna panel, or may transmit a signal using a transmit beam on the antenna panel.
[0177] In some implementations, for the UE, antenna panels are distinguished by resources of uplink reference signal. For example, if the uplink reference signal is a sounding reference signal (SRS) , one antenna panel may correspond to one SRS resource set identifier (ID) . In other words, one SRS resource set ID indicates one panel.
[0178] In some implementations, base stations are distinguished by panel IDs. For example, the panel ID may be carried in a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) .
[0179] 14) Antenna port
[0180] An antenna port, or simply a port, is a transmit antenna identified by a receiving apparatus, or a transmit antenna that can be distinguished in the spatial domain. For each virtual antenna, one antenna port may be configured, and each virtual antenna may be a weighted combination of multiple physical antennas. Each antenna port may correspond to one reference signal port.
[0181] 15) Quasi-co-location (QCL) :
[0182] Two antenna ports are said to be quasi co-located if the large-scale properties (or channel features) of the channel over which a symbol on one antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from the channel over which a symbol on the other antenna port is conveyed.
[0183] The large-scale properties (or channel features) may include one or more of the following: delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average delay, average gain, and Spatial RX parameter. The spatial RX parameter may include, but is not limited to, angle of arrival (AOA) , average AOA, AOA spread, angle of departure (AOD) , average AOD, AOD spread, and RX antenna spatial correlation parameter, TX antenna spatial correlation parameter, transmit beam, receive beam, resource identifier, and the like.
[0184] The angle mentioned above may be decomposition values of different dimensions, or a combination of decomposition values of different dimensions. The two antenna ports mentioned above may be antenna ports with different antenna port numbers, and / or, antenna ports with a same antenna port number that send or receive information in different time and / or frequency and / or code domain resources, and / or, antenna ports that have different antenna port numbers to send or receive information in different time and / or frequency and / or code domain resources. The resource identifier may include, for example, a CSI-RS resource identifier, an SRS resource identifier, a synchronization signal / synchronization signal block resource identifier, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) resource identifier, or a preamble sequence resource identifier transmitted on a physical random access channel (PRACH) .
[0185] This above information is provided to reveal information believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance to the present disclosure. No admission is necessarily intended, nor should be construed, that any of the preceding information constitutes prior art against the present disclosure.
[0186] In cellular systems such as 5G NR, the UE can receive, detect and measure reference signals such as synchronization signals (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) blocks and non-zero-power channel state information reference signal (NZP-CSI-RS) . Such reference signals are based on pseudo random noise (PRN) binary sequences such as Gold sequences and those sequences may be initialized using common or UE-specific scrambling identities. As an example, primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) sequences are initialized using the physical cell identity (PCI) value, which is a common scrambling identity. NZP-CSI-RS sequences are initialized using UE-specific scrambling identities, which are configured by the network to the UE.
[0187] In 5G NR Rel-16, Power Saving features were introduced in order to help UEs reduce Power Consumption. UEs that are in DRX mode would be informed by the NW that they can continue to sleep using a wake-up indication bit included in DCI format 2_6. UEs in DRX mode are configured to monitor PDCCH candidates where the NW may send DCI format 2_6. DCI format 2_6 includes several wake-up indication bits intended for different UEs, where the wake-up indication bit indicates to the UE whether it should continue sleeping or wake up.
[0188] 5G NR Rel-17 introduces support for non-terrestrial networks by introducing several enhancements on the timing relationships for the Timing Advance, the reference timing for channel state information (CSI) resources, the transmission timing of DCIs scheduling PUSCH, the transmission timing of random access response carried by a PUSCH, the transmission timing of hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledge (HARQ-ACK) on a PUCCH.
[0189] 5G NR Rel-17 also introduces a solution combining closed-loop and open-loop Timing Advance compensation, where the closed-loop part is controlled by the network and the open-loop part is carried out by the UE. The compensation from the UE may be based on the knowledge of the satellite’s ephemeris (e.g. parameters such as the satellite’s orbital angles) .
[0190] In 5G NR Rel-17, non-terrestrial network (NTN) support was introduced allowing UEs to support DL / UL communication with satellites using the so-called "bent-pipe" scenario, where a ground station transmits signals towards satellites in space, and satellites reflect signals back to UEs on the ground. Dedicating signaling related to NTN was introduced in order to assist UEs with NTN operation. Higher-layer signaling such as RRC introduces signaling satellite ephemeris, satellite position, satellite signal polarization, timing advance offsets, satellite System Information Block (SIB) , satellite epochs in order to support NTN operation.
[0191] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a bent-pipe scenario according to this application. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the base-station is located behind an NTN gateway on the ground, the NTN gateway sends a transmission towards the satellite (as shown in FIG. 9, this link is called the “feeder” link) and the satellite transmits the transmission towards UEs on the ground (as shown in FIG. 9, this link is called the “service” link) . In such a scenario, the satellite may be considered as a “mirror” in the sky or a “reflector” in the sky, reflecting physical layer signals and / or channels from the NTN gateway back to UEs located on the ground.
[0192] A UE acquires the timing reference for radio frames transmitted by a satellite based on the higher-layer parameter epochTime signaled in the NTN SIB (e.g. SIB19) , where the higher-layer parameter epochTime corresponds to the starting time of a downlink sub-frame (or equivalently a downlink radio frame) . Other features that were introduced were the extension of HARQ processes to 32 in order to accommodate for large propagation delay scenarios and the disabling of HARQ-ACK feedback.
[0193] In 5G NR Rel-18, NTN support was further enhanced to introduce Coverage enhancements for NTN, network-verified UE location, as well as support TN to NTN and NTN to NTN mobility scenarios. In 5G Rel-19, further enhancements to NTN are being investigated in the context of power sharing among satellite beams or different satellite beam patterns and size across the satellite footprint. However, such work is not considering enhancements to Synchronization Signals and Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) blocks due to backward compatibility issues.
[0194] NZP CSI-RS is configured as periodic resource and associated with periodic reporting. So, the NZP CS-RS may not be present when UEs expect it. More specifically, companion beams are scheduled dynamically based on e.g. traffic conditions. If the traffic conditions are not good enough, the companion beams will not be scheduled. This will contribute that the NZP CS-RS may not be present when UEs expect it. Moreover, anchor beams are transmitted based on e.g. time division multiplexing (TDM) pattern and may change based on NT-TRP movement. This will also contribute that the NZP CS-RS may not be present when UEs expect it. This will waste UE’s power.
[0195] In addition, NT-TRP’s movement causes shifts in timing and Doppler effects due to varying propagation delays. So, pre-compensations are useful for timing shifts and doppler shifts. But, the complexity of this solution becomes prohibitive for UE-specific solutions. Moreover, NT-TRP’s need to update transmit (Tx) beams based on movement of NT-TRP’s footprint.
[0196] Satellites transmit multiple beams towards the ground and it is assumed that each beam is associated with a given “physical cell identity” . It is also assumed that satellites transmit beams in a “fixed” manner, where “fixed” means that the satellite isn’ t steering its beams towards a given direction, instead the beams “slide” on the surface of Earth and thus appear to be “moving” from the perspective of devices on the ground.
[0197] Starting from 5G NR Rel-19, 3GPP is studying aspects related to downlink coverage enhancements, which may include defining new features that assume power sharing among a satellite’s beams or different satellite beam patterns and / or beam sizes. This is due to the fact that a satellite’s EIRP needs to be shared across simultaneously active beams, therefore the actual transmit power of an active beam is lower than the satellite’s EIRP. The number of simultaneously active beams a satellite may be able to transmit may have to do with the on-board RF hardware capability of the satellite.
[0198] 5G NR includes support for CSI feedback using different types of NZP CSI-RS: periodic NZP CSI-RS, semi-persistent NZP CSI-RS and aperiodic NZP CSI-RS. Aperiodic CSI reporting is triggered by the network using DCI format 0_1 or 0_2 by including a CSIRequest field, which may have from 0 to 6 bits. DCI format 0_1 or 0_2 may be used by the NW to schedule a PUSCH transmission by the UE. A UE may be configured using higher-layer signaling with aperiodic CSI reporting configurations and aperiodic NZP CSI-RSs. Depending on the value of the CSIRequest field in DCI format 0_1 or 0_2, the UE may detect and measure the NZP CSI-RSs indicated by the CSIRequest field and transmit a corresponding CSI report to the NW using e.g. PUSCH.
[0199] 5G NR includes support for Power Saving using DCI format 2_6. The NW may transmit DCI format 2_6, which is monitored by UEs that are sleeping. The NW may provide a wake-up bit to each UE in order to wake up individual UEs. The NW would set the wake-up indication bit to “1” so that the corresponding UE would wake up. The NW would set the wake-up indication bit to “0” so that the UEs continue to sleep (and stay in DRX mode) . This mechanism would allow UEs in DRX mode to continue staying in DRX mode and thus help to reduce power consumption.
[0200] In general, it is a challenge to save UE’s power in wireless communication networks such as NTN system.
[0201] Accordingly, various methods are provided in the disclosure. This application discloses methods for Dynamic Companion Beam Updating in wireless communication networks, e.g., NTN systems. Although various examples and implementations in this disclosure are described / illustrated in relation to NTN systems and / or NT-TRPs, it is understood that the teachings of this disclosure can also be applied to terrestrial networks, sidelink communication networks, device to device communication networks etc. In some implementations, network nodes e.g., NT-TRPs such as satellites operating as part of a constellation transmit physical layer signals and channels towards UEs on the ground. Such NT-TRPs have to transmit beams towards UEs on the ground which may be e.g. “wide” beams or “narrow” beams. Wide beams would have a larger footprint and correspondingly a lower beamforming gain, whereas narrow beams would have a smaller footprint and correspondingly a higher beamforming gain.
[0202] This application introduces methods for NT-TRPs to inform UEs on the ground regarding when to measure CSI-RSs for the purpose of CSI feedback. UEs on the ground may be served by the NT-TRP using e.g. narrow transmit beams. However, the NT-TRP may transmit different such narrow transmit beams at different times, depending on e.g. scheduling decisions. This may affect the UE’s ability to measure CSI-RSs for e.g. CSI feedback because UEs would not be able to measure NZP CSI-RSs when the NT-TRP is not transmitting the narrow transmit beams serving a given UE. Therefore, the NT-TRP may use dynamic signaling to trigger UEs on the ground to measure NZP CSI-RSs and report CSI feedback.
[0203] In the following specific example implementations of this disclosure will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0204] In the implementations of this application, a resource can cover at least one of time domain, frequency domain or spatial domain.
[0205] In the implementations of this application, a time-frequency resource may be referred to as any one of: a time-frequency domain resource, a time-frequency resource set, or a time-frequency resource block.
[0206] FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an implementation of this application. The communication method may be performed by two communication apparatuses (for example, a first apparatus (e.g. a terminal device e.g., a UE) and a second apparatus (e.g., network node such as an NT-TRP) shown in FIG. 13) , or performed by a chip, a circuit, or a processing system configured in the two communication apparatuses. The communication method includes the following steps.
[0207] At step 1310, the second apparatus determines first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam. The first information is used to perform channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or CSI report.
[0208] The status of the at least one companion beam indicates whether the at least one companion beam is activated and / or deactivated.
[0209] In some implementations, the first information may indicate that the status of at least one first companion beam is activated. The at least one companion beam may include the at least one first companion beam.
[0210] Optionally, the first information may indicate that the status of at least one fourth companion beam is deactivated. The at least one companion beam may include the at least one fourth companion beam.
[0211] If the first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is activated, the first information is used to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.
[0212] For example, an anchor beam includes six companion beams (companion beam #1, companion beam #2, companion beam #3, companion beam #4, companion beam #5 and companion beam #6) . The first information indicates two of the six companion beams, e.g. companion beam #1 and companion beam #3 are activated. The first information is used to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the two of the 6 companion beams, e.g. companion beam #1 and companion beam #3.
[0213] If the first information indicates that the status of the at least one fourth companion beam is activated, the first information is used to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the at least one fourth companion beam.
[0214] For example, an anchor beam includes six companion beams (companion beam #1, companion beam #2, companion beam #3, companion beam #4, companion beam #5 and companion beam #6) . The first information indicates two of the 6 companion beams, e.g. companion beam #1 and companion beam #3 are not activated. The first information is used to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to other four of the six companion beams, e.g. companion beam #2, companion beam #4, companion beam #5 and companion beam #6.
[0215] At step 1320, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives the first information.
[0216] In some implementations, the first information may be carried in higher-layer message, for example, master information block (MIB) or system information block (SIB) etc.
[0217] At step 1330, the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the first information.
[0218] According to the foregoing method, instead of conducting the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report periodically, the first apparatus can perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report according to the status of companion beams e.g., when satellites move fast above Earth. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be saved. In addition, the first apparatus does not transmit unnecessary CSI report so that signaling overhead can also be saved.
[0219] In some implementations, the first apparatus determines to trigger the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam based on the first information. The first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is active. And the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on at least one first companion beam.
[0220] For example, the at least one companion beam may include the at least one first companion beam.
[0221] For example, if an anchor beam includes six companion beams (companion beam #1, companion beam #2, companion beam #3, companion beam #4, companion beam #5 and companion beam #6) . The first information indicates two of the six companion beams, e.g. companion beam #1 and companion beam #3 are activated. The first apparatus determines to trigger the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the two of the 6 companion beams, e.g. companion beam #1 and companion beam #3, based on the first information.
[0222] As such, the first apparatus can trigger to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report according to the active companion beams indicated by the first information. So other apparatus can also at least trigger to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the first information upon receiving the first information.
[0223] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.
[0224] In some implementations, the second information can be carried in a higher-layer message, for example, MIB message or SIB message etc.
[0225] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted. The third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.
[0226] In other words, if the second companion beam carries the third information, the second companion will be muted.
[0227] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted. And the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the second companion beam.
[0228] In some implementation of this application, the fourth information can include a determined time when the second companion beam will be muted. Or the fourth information can include a time interval to determine when the second companion beam will be muted.
[0229] As such, the first apparatus can determine which companion beam will be muted timely so that the first apparatus can suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to that companion beam. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be further saved.
[0230] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted. The fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.
[0231] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted. And the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the at least one third companion beam.
[0232] In some implementations of this application, the sixth information can include one or more determined time when the at least one third companion beam will be released. Or the sixth information can include one or more time intervals that used to determine when the at least one third companion beam will be released.
[0233] It should be noted that the one or more determined time and the at least one third companion beam correspond one to one. And the one or more time intervals and the at least one third companion beam correspond one to one.
[0234] As such, the first apparatus can determine which companion beams will be released timely through the anchor beam so that the first apparatus can suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report timely. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be saved.
[0235] The above solution is suitable for a scenario that the above information can be communicated in a multicast manner.
[0236] Optionally, before step 1330, the first apparatus determines to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to at least one first companion beam. The first information further indicates that a status of the at least one first companion beam is active.
[0237] In other words, if the at least one first companion beam is active, the first apparatus determines to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to the at least one first companion beam
[0238] As such, the first apparatus just monitors the active companion beam upon receiving the first information. At least the power of the first apparatus can also be saved.
[0239] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives seventh information for indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not. And the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information.
[0240] In other words, if the at least one first companion beam is active, the first apparatus may perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information.
[0241] As such, the first apparatus just monitors the active companion beam upon receiving the first information. And then the first apparatus can perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the first apparatus is informed to perform. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be further saved.
[0242] Optionally, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report base on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices comprises a first device that receives the seventh information.
[0243] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the seventh information indicative of the first set of devices including the first apparatus, the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam.
[0244] Optionally, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the seventh information.
[0245] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the seventh information indicative of the first set of devices without the first apparatus, the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam.
[0246] Optionally, the second apparatus transmits, and accordingly, the first apparatus receives eighth information for indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not. And the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information.
[0247] As such, the first apparatus can suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the first apparatus is informed to suspend. So, at least the power of the first apparatus can be further saved.
[0248] Optionally, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices comprises a first device that receives the eighth information.
[0249] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the eighth information indicative of the second set of devices including the first apparatus, the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0250] Optionally, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the eighth information.
[0251] The first device is another name of the first apparatus. In other words, if the first apparatus receives the eighth information indicative of the second set of devices without the first apparatus, the first apparatus suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.
[0252] In some implementations, an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.
[0253] In some implementations, there may be e.g. a LEO constellation operating at a given altitude e.g. 600 km above Earth. NT-TRPs such as satellites may be moving along their orbit and occupy different positions at different times. Assuming that NT-TRPs may have the capability to steer their transmit beams at specific locations that may be called “Reference Points (RPs) ” , such that as NT-TRPs are moving along their orbit the transmit beams are directed towards those RPs. Assuming that NT-TRPs have an aggregate equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) which is shared among its transmit beams for the purpose of transmitting physical layer signals and / or channels towards UEs on the ground. Assuming that UEs on the ground are in a power consumption mode that is associated with connected state (e.g. RRC_CONNECTED) , and have an active RRC connection with the NT NW.
[0254] The NT-TRP’s footprint may be different from the NT-TRP beam’s footprint. The NT-TRP may transmit one or more beams towards the ground and each beam may have a corresponding “footprint” which may be defined as the area which is “illuminated” by the beam. The NT-TRP’s footprint may be defined as the aggregation of all the beams the NT-TRP may transmit to the ground. The beams transmitted by the NT-TRP may be such that their tilt angles and / or scan angles are within a given threshold. An example is shown in FIG. 10. FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic of an NT-TRP’s footprint in this application.
[0255] As shown in FIG. 10, The area solid black may correspond to the area illuminated by a given active narrow / companion NT-TRP beam, where the small black oval line may be seen as a threshold for e.g. reference signal receiving power (RSRP) or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) , for instance the small black oval line may correspond to the line where the SINR is less than or equal to -3 dB (i.e., good coverage within the black oval lines) . The grey area may correspond to the area illuminated by a given anchor NT-TRP beam. The area inside of the thick dotted line or boundary may correspond to the NT-TRP’s footprint. The NT-TRP’s footprint may be much larger than the footprints of the NT-TRP’s active beams due to the fact that the NT-TRP may support only a few simultaneously active beams N (e.g. N=6) at any given time. The NT-TRP may select which N beams are to transmit simultaneously based on e.g. scheduling decisions. It may assume that NT-TRPs have an on-board MAC scheduler which may make scheduling decisions which may result in the NT-TRP transmitting up to N simultaneously active beams. An example of this is shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic of an NT-TRP’s footprint in this application
[0256] The grey areas depict the footprints of active beams (e.g., active companion beams) whereas the white areas inside dashed lines depict the footprints of inactive beams (e.g., inactive companion beams) . Assuming that UEs located in grey areas are able to receive, detect and / or decode physical layer signals and / or channels. Assuming that UEs located in the white areas aren’ t able to receive, detect and / or decode any physical layer signals and / or channels. Reference signals such as SS / PBCH blocks and common channels such as PDCCH / PDSCH associated with System Information or Paging may be associated with an anchor beam, while reference signals such as NZP CSI-RS and UE-specific channels such as PDCCH / PDSCH associated with UE-specific data may be associated with a companion beam.
[0257] In companion beams that are being scheduled by the NT-TRP, it may be possible for the NT-TRP to also transmit NZP CSI-RS for the purpose of CSI feedback given that the companion beams are being used by the NT-TRP to send PDSCH transmissions to UEs served by those companion beams. A “beam” may be a spatial filter applied to antenna elements such that physical layer signals add up in a constructive manner in a given direction. The PDSCH transmissions and the NZP CSI-RS for CSI feedback are effectively sent on the same companion beam.
[0258] In some implementations, the first information indicates status of at least one companion beam.
[0259] In some implementations, depending on multiple factors such as traffic load, UE distribution, load balancing, etc., the NT-TRP may mute companion beams where there is no traffic demand. The NT-TRP may do so by sending a SS / PBCH block carrying signaling information regarding the status of its companion beams. The SS / PBCH block may carry an Information Block e.g. Master Information Block (MIB) which may contain a higher-layer parameter called e.g. companionBeamStatus which may indicate to UEs on the ground which companion beams will be active after the end of e.g. the current slot. The higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus may be an example of the first information.
[0260] In the above example, the Master Information Block (MIB) is an example and the higher layer parameter may also be signaled via other signals / blocks, for example, System Information Block (SIB) etc. It would be understood that any reference to MIB and / or SIB herein would be construed as a non-limiting example. The MIB or SIB or said Information Block may be included as the payload of the PBCH in a SS / PBCH block. The MIB may include a higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus, which may indicate to UEs on the ground which companion beams will be active after the end of a time period, e.g. the current slot. The higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus may have a maximum size indicated by higher-layer parameter nrofMaxCompanionBeams which may be a positive integer value higher than zero. The higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus may include one or more bits associated with a respective companion beam. The NW may set a bit to “1” to indicate that the companion beam associated with this bit shall be activated after the end of e.g. the current slot. The NW may set a bit to “0” (e.g., some value) to indicate that the companion beam associated with this bit shall be deactivated after the end of e.g. the current slot. For example, the NW may send a SS / PBCH block carrying a MIB with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus set to the following:
[0261] In the above example, the anchor beam (i.e. the beam associated with the SS / PBCH block) may have six companion beams. As a result, the size of the bit string carried by higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus may be six bits. In some implementations, the Most Significant Bit (MSB) may be the left-most bit while the Least Significant Bit (LSB) may be the right-most bit. In some implementations, the left-most may be associated with the 1st companion beam (i.e. the beam associated with a first NZP CSI-RS) , the second left-most bit may be associated with the 2nd companion beam (i.e. the beam associated with a second NZP CSI-RS) , and so on until the right-most bit which may be associated with the 6th (and last) companion beam (i.e. the beam associated with sixth NZP CSI-RS) . The above signaling example activates the 3rd, 4th and 6th companion beams, and correspondingly deactivates the 1st, 2nd and 5th companion beams. In some implementations, an activated companion beam may be understood as equivalent to an activated NZP CSI-RS. In some implementations, a deactivated companion beam may be understood as equivalent to a deactivated NZP CSI-RS.
[0262] In some implementation, the first apparatus, such as the UE, starts CSI measurement and / or CSI report based on the first information indicative that the at least one first companion beam is activated.
[0263] If the UE decodes a MIB with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus, and companionBeamStatus carries a bit (corresponding to the UE’s serving companion beam) set to “1” , then the UE may start CSI measurement based on the activated NZP CSI-RS. The at least one first companion beam is associated with at least one activated NZP CSI-RS.
[0264] In some implementation, the first apparatus, such as the UE, starts CSI measurement based on the first information indicative that at least one companion beam is deactivated.
[0265] If the UE decodes a MIB with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus, and companionBeamStatus carries a bit (corresponding to the UE’s serving companion beam) set to “0” , then the UE may stop CSI measurement based on the deactivated NZP CSI-RS. The at least one companion beam is associated with at least one deactivated NZP CSI-RS.
[0266] In other implementations, the NW may provide UEs on the ground with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus as part of e.g. a System Information Block (SIB) message. In other words, the first information can be carried in SIB message. One example of a SIB message may be System Information Block One or SIB1, another example of a SIB message may be System Information Block Nineteen or SIB19. There may be a new SIB message designed specifically for the purpose of signaling the anchor beam to companion beam mapping to UEs on the ground, which could be e.g. SIB20. The following applies SIB1 as an example.
[0267] In some implementations, the second information indicates one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.
[0268] In some implementations, the SS / PBCH block may carry an Information Block e.g. Master Information Block (MIB) higher-layer parameter called e.g. csiReportTrigger which may indicate to UEs on the ground which CSI reporting configuration may be applied for a corresponding activated companion beam. The higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger may be an example of the second information.
[0269] In the above example, using the Master Information Block (MIB) as an example. The MIB may be included as the payload of the PBCH in a SS / PBCH block. The MIB may include a higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger, which may indicate to UEs on the ground which CSI reporting configuration may be applied for a corresponding activated companion beam. The higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger may include one or more fields corresponding to an Information Element associated with a CSI reporting configuration identity e.g. CSI-ReportConfigId. If the UE is provided with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus in MIB, the UE may expect to be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger in MIB. If the UE is provided with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus in MIB, the UE may expect to be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger in MIB where csiReportTrigger includes the same number of CSI reporting identities as the number of bits set to “1” in higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus. The NW may send a SS / PBCH block carrying a MIB with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger set to the following:
[0270] MIB = {
[0271] …,
[0272] companionBeamStatus = {001101} ,
[0273] csiReportTrigger = {0, 1, 2}
[0274] …,
[0275] }
[0276] In the above example, the anchor beam activates the 3rd, 4th and 6th companion beams, and correspondingly deactivates the 1st, 2nd and 5th companion beams. The UE may assume that each value provided in higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger is associated with a corresponding activated companion beam. In other words, each value in the second information is associated with an activated first companion beam. As an example, the 1st value in higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger may be associated with the 3rd companion beam, the 2nd value in higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger may be associated with the 4th companion beam and the 3rd value in higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger may be associated with the 6th companion beam. Based on the above example, UEs which are served by the 3rd companion beam (which is the 1st activated companion beam) may trigger CSI measurement and / or reporting based on the CSI reporting configuration whose CSI-ReportConfigID is equal to “0” . Similarly, UEs which are served by the 4th companion beam (which is the 2nd activated companion beam) may trigger CSI measurement and / or reporting based on the CSI reporting configuration whose CSI-ReportConfigID is equal to “1” . Similarly, UEs which are served by the 6th companion beam (which is the 3rd activated companion beam) may trigger CSI measurement and / or reporting based on the CSI reporting configuration whose CSI-ReportConfigID is equal to “2” .
[0277] Assuming that upon completing Initial Access and establishing their RRC connection with the NW, the NW may provide connected UEs with CSI reporting configurations with different parameters and settings, as an example a UE may be provided with the following higher-layer configuration in csiMeasConfig:
[0278] Following from the example provided before, UEs served by the 1st activated companion beam may be associated with the CSI reporting configuration whose CSI-ReportConfigID is equal to “0” , and the corresponding CSI reporting configuration is provided with higher-layer parameter slots5 which may mean that UEs may trigger CSI reporting periodicity with a periodicity of 5 slots. Similarly, UEs served by the 2nd activated companion beam may be associated with the CSI reporting configuration whose CSI-ReportConfigID is equal to “1” , and the corresponding CSI reporting configuration is provided with higher-layer parameter slots10 which may mean that UEs may trigger CSI reporting periodicity with a periodicity of 10 slots. Similarly, UEs served by the 2nd activated companion beam may be associated with the CSI reporting configuration whose CSI-ReportConfigID is equal to “2” , and the corresponding CSI reporting configuration is provided with higher-layer parameter slots20 which may mean that UEs may trigger CSI reporting periodicity with a periodicity of 20 slots.
[0279] In some implementations, the NT-TRP may be moving along its orbital plane, which may result in a change in terms of its beam footprint. As shown in the first implementation, the NT-TRP may first be in a given position which may look as shown in FIG. 11.
[0280] In FIG. 11, the NT-TRP is transmitting six companion beams in order to transmit UE-specific data. Each companion beam (which may be associated with a given NZP CSI-RS) may be associated to a given anchor beam (which may be associated with a given SS / PBCH block) . Companion beams may transmit an NZP CSI-RS in order to assist UEs in demodulating other physical layer reference signals such as e.g. PDCCH-DMRS or PDSCH-DMRS. Companion beams may transmit an NZP CSI-RS in order to enable UEs to perform CSI measurement and / or reporting. In some implementations, UEs may be provided in MIB with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus, which may indicate to UEs on the ground which companion beams are going to be activated. This mechanism is a common signaling mechanism in the sense that higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus is meant for all UEs under the coverage of the anchor beam carrying the PDSCH transmission which carried the MIB.
[0281] In some implementations, the first apparatus, such as the UE, determines to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to at least one first companion beam. The first information further indicates that a status of the at least one first companion beam is active.
[0282] In some implementation, the first apparatus, such as the UE, further receives seventh information for indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not. And the first apparatus performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information.
[0283] In some implementations, a UE-specific mechanism may be used in order to trigger CSI measurement and / or reporting. If the UE is provided with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus in MIB, the UE may monitor for PDCCH candidates for a type of PDCCH transmission carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by a CSI feedback Early Indication Radio Network Temporary Identifier (CEI-RNTI) . The PDCCH candidate is an example of a control channel. The CEI-RNTI may be a broadcast / multicast RNTI. Such PDCCH transmissions may schedule a PDSCH transmission carrying a csiMeasReportRecord message, which may indicate to UEs whether they’ re expected to trigger CSI measurement and / or feedback. The seventh information can be carried in the csiMeasReportRecord message.
[0284] In some implementations, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus, such as the UE, performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report base on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices comprises a first device that receives the seventh information.
[0285] In the above example, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList in the csiMeasReportRecord message. The higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList may include one or more entries of CSIMeasReportTrigger, where each entry of CSIMeasReportTrigger may include higher-layer parameter ue-Identity. The higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList may be an example of the seventh information. There may be as many entries of CSIMeasReportTrigger as the number of UEs that the NW may trigger to perform CSI measurement and / or reporting. If the UE receives a csiMeasReportRecord carrying a csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity matching the UE’s identity, then the UE may start CSI measurement and / or reporting. In other words, the first set of devices indicated by the seventh information includes the first device which is also referred to as the first apparatus, such as the UE. If the UE receives a csiMeasReportRecord carrying no csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity matching the UE’s identity, then the UE may assume that it is not expected to perform CSI measurement and / or feedback.
[0286] In the above example, a UE may receive a csiMeasReportRecord carrying higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList. Higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList may have one or more entries of csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity. The higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may carry one or more fields carrying a UE-specific identity. Each field in higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may be a bit string of several bits, e.g. 10 bits, 20 bits, 40 bits, 80 bits, etc.
[0287] There are several examples to indicate the first set of devices in the seventh information. As an example, the higher-layer parameter s-tmsi may be a shortened version of the UE’s Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (GUTI) . In other examples, the higher-layer parameter s-tmsi may be a complete or expanded version of the UE’s GUTI. As another example, the higher-layer parameter i-rnti may be the UE’s Inactive Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) . The higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may comprise a globally unique identifier of the UE or a locally unique identifier of the UE. A globally unique identifier of the UE may be understood or interpreted as an identifier of the UE that is unique across the whole NW. A locally unique identifier of the UE may be understood or interpreted as identifier of the UE that is unique within e.g. : the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more anchor beams transmitted by one NT-TRP; the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more companion beams transmitted by one NT-TRP; the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more anchor beams transmitted by one or more NT-TRPs; the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more companion beams transmitted by one or more NT-TRPs.
[0288] In some implementations, the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus, such as the UE, performs the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the seventh information.
[0289] In some implementations, a UE may be configured to monitor PDCCH candidates carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by CEI-RNTI in a search space set configured by higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerSearchSpace. The search space set configured by higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerSearchSpace may be a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. If the UE is configured with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerSearchSpace, then the UE may monitor PDCCH candidates carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by CEI-RNTI which may schedule a PDSCH transmission carrying a csiMeasReportRecord with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList.
[0290] In other words, if the UE is configured a search space set by a higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerSearchSpace, the UE determines to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to at least one first companion beam.
[0291] In a third implementation, the NT-TRP may be transmitting certain companion beams which may be used to carry PDSCH transmissions carrying UE-specific data, while other companion beams may not be transmitted due to e.g. no traffic load. This is shown in shown in FIG. 11.
[0292] In FIG. 11, the NT-TRP is transmitting six companion beams in order to transmit UE-specific data. After some time, the NT-TRP may have transmitted all of the UE-specific data to the UEs served by one or more of the transmitting six companion beams. In some implementations, the NT-TRP may dynamically mute those companion beams. An example of this shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic of an NT-TRP’s footprint in this application.
[0293] In FIG. 12, the NT-TRP dynamically muted three companion beams as shown in shaded pattern. The other three active companion beams shown in grey elliptical area.
[0294] In some implementations, the third information indicates that a second companion beam will be muted. The third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.
[0295] In some implementation, the fourth information indicates a time when the second companion beam will be muted.
[0296] In order to dynamically mute those three companion beams using e.g. DCI formats for the purpose of beam muting, in one example, the NW may transmit, over a companion beam to be muted, a PDCCH carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by DBM-RNTI (Dynamic Beam Muting-RNTI) carrying the following information:
[0297] DCI = {
[0298] …,
[0299] mute = {1} ,
[0300] mutingApplicationTime = {011} ,
[0301] …,
[0302] }
[0303] In above example, the mute field can be an example of the third information and the mutingApplicationTime field can be an example of the fourth information.
[0304] In some implementations, the fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted. The fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.
[0305] In some implementations, the sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted.
[0306] In a second example, the NW may transmit, over an anchor beam, a PDCCH carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by DBM-RNTI carrying the following information:
[0307] DCI = {
[0308] …,
[0309] / / Companion Beam #1
[0310] mute = {0} ,
[0311] mutingApplicationTime = {000} ,
[0312] / / Companion Beam #2
[0313] mute = {0} ,
[0314] mutingApplicationTime = {000} ,
[0315] / / Companion Beam #3
[0316] mute = {1} ,
[0317] mutingApplicationTime = {011} ,
[0318] / / Companion Beam #4
[0319] mute = {1} ,
[0320] mutingApplicationTime = {010} ,
[0321] / / Companion Beam #5
[0322] mute = {0} ,
[0323] mutingApplicationTime = {000} ,
[0324] / / Companion Beam #6
[0325] mute = {1} ,
[0326] mutingApplicationTime = {001} ,
[0327] …,
[0328] }
[0329] In one of both of the above two examples, the DCI format may include a mute field which UEs on the ground may interpret as the corresponding companion beam is going to be muted. If the UE receives a DCI format with CRC scrambled by DBM-RNTI with a mute field set to “1” for the companion beam serving the UE, then the UE may stop performing CSI measurement and / or reporting. The fifth information may include at least one mute field corresponding to the at least one companion beam. If the UE receives a DCI format with CRC scrambled by DBM-RNTI with a mute field set to “0” for the companion beam serving the UE, then the UE may continue performing CSI measurement and / or reporting as per the last received instance of higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger. If the UE receives a DCI format with CRC scrambled by DBM-RNTI with a mute field set to “1” and a mutingApplicationTime field set to e.g. “011” , then the UE may stop performing CSI measurement and / or reporting starting from the first OFDM symbol when the time corresponding to mutingApplicationTime has elapsed. The sixth information may include at least one mutingApplicationTime field corresponding to the at least one companion beam. The UE may assume that the mutingApplicationTime may be applied from the end of the last OFDM symbol of the PDCCH transmission that carried the DCI format with CRC scrambled by DBM-RNTI which carried the mutingApplicationTime.
[0330] In a fourth implementation, the NT-TRP may be transmitting certain companion beams which may be used to carry PDSCH transmissions carrying UE-specific data, while other companion beams may not be transmitted due to e.g. no traffic load. This is shown in FIG. 11.
[0331] In FIG. 11, the NT-TRP is transmitting six companion beams in order to transmit UE-specific data. Each companion beam (which may be associated with a given NZP CSI-RS) may be associated to a given anchor beam (which may be associated with a given SS / PBCH block) . Companion beams may transmit an NZP CSI-RS in order to assist UEs in demodulating other physical layer reference signals such as e.g. PDCCH-DMRS or PDSCH-DMRS. Companion beams may transmit an NZP CSI-RS in order to enable UEs to perform CSI measurement and / or reporting. In some implementations, UEs may be provided in MIB with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus, which may indicate to UEs on the ground which companion beams are going to be activated. This mechanism may be a common signaling mechanism in the sense that higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus is meant for all UEs under the coverage of the anchor beam carrying the PDSCH transmission which carried the MIB.
[0332] In some implementations, a UE-specific mechanism may be used in order to trigger CSI measurement and / or reporting. If the UE is provided with higher-layer parameter companionBeamStatus in MIB, the UE may monitor for PDCCH candidates for a type of PDCCH transmission carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by a CSI feedback Early Indication Radio Network Temporary Identifier (CEI-RNTI) . The CEI-RNTI may be a broadcast / multicast RNTI. Such PDCCH transmissions may schedule a PDSCH transmission carrying a csiMeasReportRecord message, which may indicate to UEs whether they’ re expected to trigger CSI measurement and / or feedback.
[0333] In some implementations, the NT-TRP transmits, and accordingly, the UE receives eighth information for indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not. And the UE suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information.
[0334] For example, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The UE suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices comprises a first device that receives the eighth information.
[0335] In the above example, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList in the csiMeasReportRecord message. The higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList may be an example of the eighth information. The higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList may include one or more entries of CSIMeasReportTrigger, where each entry of CSIMeasReportTrigger may include higher-layer parameter ue-Identity. In other words, the eighth information may include higher-layer parameter ue-Identity. There may be as many entries of CSIMeasReportTrigger as the number of UEs that the NW may trigger to suspend CSI measurement and / or reporting. If the UE receives a csiMeasReportRecord carrying a csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity matching the UE’s identity, then the UE may assume that it is not expected to perform CSI measurement and / or reporting. If the UE receives a csiMeasReportRecord carrying no csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity matching the UE’s identity, then the UE may start CSI measurement and / or feedback.
[0336] In one example, the NW may transmit PDSCH transmission carrying a csiMeasReportRecord with the following information:
[0337] In the above example, a UE may receive a csiMeasReportRecord carrying higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList. Higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList may have one or more entries of csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity. The higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may carry one or more fields carrying a UE-specific identity. Each field in higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may be a bit string of several bits, e.g. 10 bits, 20 bits, 40 bits, 80 bits, etc.
[0338] There are several examples to indicate the second set of devices in the eighth information. As an example, the higher-layer parameter s-tmsi may be a shortened version of the UE’s Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (GUTI) . In other examples, the higher-layer parameter s-tmsi may be a complete or expanded version of the UE’s GUTI. As another example, the higher-layer parameter i-rnti may be the UE’s Inactive Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) . The higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may comprise a globally unique identifier of the UE or a locally unique identifier of the UE. A globally unique identifier of the UE may be understood or interpreted as an identifier of the UE that is unique across the whole NW. In some implementations, a locally unique identifier of the UE may be understood or interpreted as identifier of the UE that is unique within e.g. : the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more anchor beams transmitted by one NT-TRP; the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more companion beams transmitted by one NT-TRP; the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more anchor beams transmitted by one or more NT-TRPs; the footprint formed by the aggregation of one or more companion beams transmitted by one or more NT-TRPs.
[0339] In some implementations, the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report. The first apparatus, such as the UE, suspends the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the eighth information.
[0340] In some implementations, a UE may be configured to monitor PDCCH candidates carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by CEI-RNTI in a search space set configured by higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendSearchSpace. The search space set configured by higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendSearchSpace may be a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. If the UE is configured with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendSearchSpace, then the UE may monitor PDCCH candidates carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by CEI-RNTI which may schedule a PDSCH transmission carrying a csiMeasReportRecord with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList.
[0341] In some implementations, a UE may be configured to monitor PDCCH candidates carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by CEI-RNTI in a search space set configured by higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSearchSpace. The search space set configured by higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSearchSpace may be a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. If the UE is configured with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSearchSpace, then the UE may monitor PDCCH candidates carrying a DCI format with CRC scrambled by CEI-RNTI which may schedule a PDSCH transmission carrying a csiMeasReportRecord with higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportTriggerList and / or csiMeasReportSuspendList.
[0342] In other words, if the UE is configured a search space set by a higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSearchSpace, the UE determines to suspend a control channel and / or a signal.
[0343] In the above example, a UE may receive a csiMeasReportRecord carrying higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList. Higher-layer parameter csiMeasReportSuspendList may have one or more entries of csiMeasReportTrigger with higher-layer parameter ue-Identity. The higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may carry one or more fields carrying a UE-specific identity. Each field in higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may be a bit string of several bits, e.g. 10 bits, 20 bits, 40 bits, 80 bits, etc. As an example, the higher-layer parameter s-tmsi may be a shortened version of the UE’s Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (GUTI) . In other examples, the higher-layer parameter s-tmsi may be a complete or expanded version of the UE’s GUTI. As another example, the higher-layer parameter i-rnti may be the UE’s Inactive Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) . The higher-layer parameter ue-Identity may comprise a globally unique identifier of the UE or a locally unique identifier of the UE.
[0344] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameters such that CSI measurement and / or CSI reporting may be triggered separately. In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameters such that CSI measurement and / or CSI reporting may be triggered jointly.
[0345] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger which may be provided in a System Information Block (SIB) message. Examples of SIB messages are SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, etc. Such SIB messages may be received in PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0346] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger which may be provided in a Paging message e.g. a Paging Record. Such Paging messages may be received in a PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a Paging RNTI (P-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0347] In other words, the second information, e.g. higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger, can be carried in higher-layer message, such as MIB message, SIB message or paging message etc.
[0348] In some Implementations, the NT-TRP transmits, and accordingly, the UE receives ninth information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI measurement corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.
[0349] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger, which may indicate to UEs on the ground which CSI measurement configuration may be applied for a corresponding activated companion beam. The higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger may be an example of the ninth information. The higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger may include one or more fields corresponding to an Information Element associated with a CSI measurement configuration identity e.g. CSI-MeasConfigId. In other words, the ninth information may include one or more configuration identities of the CSI measurement corresponding to the at least one first companion beam. The UE may be provided with one or more higher-layer parameters csiMeasConfig, which may comprise a list of one or more NZP CSI-RS resources, as shown in the example below:
[0350] In some implementations, the ninth information may further include a higher-layer parameter indicative of a type for performing the CSI measurement.
[0351] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger, which may further comprise higher-layer parameter measTriggerType set to ‘periodic’ , which may trigger UEs on the ground to perform CSI measurement in a periodic manner. The periodic manner is an example of the type for performing the CSI measurement. The UE may perform CSI measurement in a periodic manner based on the NZP CSI-RS that is associated with the activated companion beam used to serve the UE.
[0352] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger, which may further comprise higher-layer parameter measTriggerType set to ‘semi-persistent’ , which may trigger UEs on the ground to perform CSI measurement in a semi-persistent manner. The semi-persistent manner is another example of the type for performing the CSI measurement. The UE may perform CSI measurement in a semi-persistent manner based on the NZP CSI-RS that is associated with the activated companion beam used to serve the UE.
[0353] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger, which may further comprise higher-layer parameter measTriggerType set to ‘aperiodic’ , which may trigger UEs on the ground to perform CSI measurement in an aperiodic manner. The aperiodic manner is another example of the type for performing the CSI measurement. The UE may perform CSI measurement in an aperiodic manner based on the NZP CSI-RS that is associated with the activated companion beam used to serve the UE.
[0354] Configurations for the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report, which corresponds to the ninth information and the second information, can be separate higher-layer parameter, e.g. higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger and higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger. The separate higher-layer parameter can be as part of a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) command.
[0355] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger as part of a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) command, wherein the MAC-CE command may be for the purpose of CSI reporting triggering.
[0356] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger as part of a MAC-CE command, wherein the MAC-CE command may be for the purpose of the CSI measurement triggering.
[0357] Indications for suspending CSI measurement and / or the CSI report, which corresponds to the eighth information, can be separate higher-layer parameter, higher-layer parameter csiReportSuspend e.g. and higher-layer parameter csiMeasSuspend. The separate higher-layer parameter can be as part of a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) command.
[0358] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportSuspend as part of a MAC-CE command, wherein the MAC-CE command may be for the purpose of CSI reporting suspending.
[0359] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasSuspend as part of a MAC-CE command, wherein the MAC-CE command may be for the purpose of CSI measurement suspension.
[0360] The separate higher-layer parameter corresponding to the configurations for the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report can be carried in a SIB message.
[0361] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger which may be provided in a System Information Block (SIB) message. Examples of SIB messages are SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, etc. Such SIB messages may be received in PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0362] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger which may be provided in a System Information Block (SIB) message. Examples of SIB messages are SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, etc. Such SIB messages may be received in PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0363] The separate higher-layer parameter corresponding to the indications for suspending CSI measurement and / or the CSI report can be carried in a SIB message.
[0364] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportSuspend which may be provided in a System Information Block (SIB) message. Examples of SIB messages are SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, etc. Such SIB messages may be received in PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0365] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasSuspend which may be provided in a System Information Block (SIB) message. Examples of SIB messages are SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, etc. Such SIB messages may be received in PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0366] The separate higher-layer parameter corresponding to the configurations for the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report can be carried in a paging message.
[0367] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasTrigger which may be provided in a Paging message e.g. a Paging Record. Such Paging messages may be received in a PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a Paging RNTI (P-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0368] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportTrigger which may be provided in a Paging message e.g. a Paging Record. Such Paging messages may be received in a PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a Paging RNTI (P-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0369] The separate higher-layer parameter corresponding to the indications for suspending CSI measurement and / or the CSI report can be carried in a paging message.
[0370] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiReportSuspend which may be provided in a Paging message e.g. a Paging Record. Such Paging messages may be received in a PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a Paging RNTI (P-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0371] In some implementations, the UE may be provided with higher-layer parameter csiMeasSuspend which may be provided in a Paging message e.g. a Paging Record. Such Paging messages may be received in a PDSCH transmission scheduled by a DCI format with CRC scrambled with a Paging RNTI (P-RNTI) received in a corresponding PDCCH transmission.
[0372] The communication method proposed in the implementations of the present application is described in detail above, and a communication apparatus provided by the present application will be described below.
[0373] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device and capable of realizing corresponding functions of any one of the implementations of the present application. For example, the apparatus implemented in a communication device may be an integrated circuit, which in some contexts may be known by other colloquial names, such as chip, modem, modem chip, baseband chip, or baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus may include one or more integrated circuits or include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. The communication device may be a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, or an apparatus implemented in any one of these communication devices.
[0374] The communication apparatus 510 includes a communication unit 513. The communication unit 513 is configured to implement a transmitting action and / or a receiving action. The communication unit 513 also may be called as transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver device, or the like, and is configured to implement operations of receiving (which may be referred to as inputting) and / or transmitting (which may be referred to as outputting) .
[0375] The communication apparatus 510 may further include a processing unit 512. The processing unit 512 may be a processor, a processing circuit, a processing board, a processing unit, or a processing device, or the like. The processing unit 512 is configured to implement processing and / or operations implemented inside the communication apparatus except transmitting actions and / or receiving actions.
[0376] For example, if the communication apparatus 510 corresponds to the first apparatus in FIG. 13, the communication unit 513 is configured to receive first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam. The processing unit 512 is configured to perform a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information.
[0377] As an example, the first apparatus can be a UE.
[0378] For example, if the communication apparatus 510 corresponds to the second apparatus in FIG. 13, the processing unit 512 is configured to determine first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; wherein the first information is used to perform channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or CSI report. The communication unit 513 is configured to transmit first information.
[0379] As an example, the second apparatus can be a NT-TRP.
[0380] Briefly, the operations and / or functions of the communication apparatus 510 are intended to implement corresponding steps of the foregoing method implementations.
[0381] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The communication apparatus 410 includes at least one interface circuit 412, and the at least one interface circuit 412 is configured to input and / or output information or data. Optionally, the apparatus 410 may further include at least one processor 411. The at least one processor 411 is coupled to at least one memory 413. The at least one memory 413 is configured to store one or more instructions and / or executable computer code. The at least one processor 411 is configured to invoke the one or more instructions and / or executable computer code, so that the communication apparatus 410 implements the method provided in the implementations of the present application. Optionally, the apparatus 410 may further include the at least one memory 413.
[0382] In an implementation, the communication apparatus 410 may be any one of the communication devices in the method implementations. For example, the communication apparatus 410 may be the NT-TRP or UE. In this implementation, the processor 411 may be a baseband apparatus, and the interface circuit 412 may be a radio frequency apparatus.
[0383] In another implementation, the communication apparatus 410 may be implemented in a communication device such as the NT-TRP or UE. In this case, the apparatus may be an integrated circuit, which in some contexts may be known by other colloquial names, such as chip, modem, modem chip, baseband chip, or baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus may include one or more integrated circuits or include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In this implementation, the processor 411 may be a logical module or circuit that is part of the integrated circuit. The interface circuit 412 may be a transceiver, an interface circuit, an input / output interface, a bus, a module, a pin, or other types of interfaces.
[0384] An implementation of the present application further provides a communication system. The communication system may include at least one of the NT-TRP and the UE introduced in the above implementations. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the communication system may include the NT-TRP and the UE.
[0385] An implementation of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium may store one or more instructions for executing any of the foregoing methods.
[0386] An implementation of the present application further provides a computer program product, and the computer program product may store one or more instructions for executing any of the foregoing methods.
[0387] In the present disclosure, the terms “a” or “an” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0388] In the present disclosure, terms such as “substantially” , “generally” and “about” , which modify a value, condition or characteristic of a feature of an example implementation, should be understood to mean that the value, condition or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of the example implementation for its intended application.
[0389] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms “connected” and “coupled” , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
[0390] In the present disclosure, expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0391] In the present disclosure, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of”, “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0392] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in implementations of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0393] A person skilled in the art should understand that implementations of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only implementation, a software-only implementation, or an implementation with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0394] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device and enable a machine to execute the instructions. When executed by any computer or the processor of a programmable data processing device, the instructions cause the apparatus to implement specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0395] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or on another programmable device provide steps for implementing specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0396] It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
Claims
1.A communication method, comprising:receiving first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; andperforming a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the performing a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information comprises:determining to trigger the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam based on the first information, wherein the first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is active; andperforming the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on at least one first companion beam.3.The method according to claim 2, the method further comprising:receiving second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.4.The method according to claim 2 or 3, the method further comprising:receiving third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted; wherein the third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.5.The method according to claim 4, the method further comprising:receiving fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted; andsuspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the second companion beam.6.The method according to claim 2 or 3, the method further comprising:receiving fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted; wherein the fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.7.The method according to claim 6, the method further comprising:receiving sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted, andsuspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the at least one third companion beam.8.The method according to claim 1, before the performing a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report according to the first information, the method further comprising:determining to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to at least one first companion beam, wherein the first information further indicates that a status of the at least one first companion beam is active.9.The method according to claim 8, the method further comprising:receiving seventh information indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not,wherein the performing a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information comprises:performing the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information.10.The method according to claim 9, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the performing the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information comprises:performing the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices comprises a first device that receives the seventh information.11.The method according to claim 9, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the performing the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information comprises:performing the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the seventh information.12.The method according to anyone of claims 8 to 11, the method further comprising:receiving eighth information indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not; andsuspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information.13.The method according to claim 12, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the suspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information comprises:suspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices comprises a first device that receives the eighth information.14.The method according to claim 12, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the suspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information comprises:suspending the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the eighth information.15.The method according to anyone of claims 1 to 14, wherein an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.16.A communication method, comprising:determining first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; wherein the first information is used to perform channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or CSI report; andtransmitting the first information.17.The method according to claim 16, the method further comprising:transmitting second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam, wherein the first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is active.18.The method according to claim 16 or 17, the method further comprising:transmitting third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted; wherein the third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.19.The method according to claim 18, the method further comprising:transmitting fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted.20.The method according to claim 16 or 17, the method further comprising:transmitting fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted; wherein the fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.21.The method according to claim 20, the method further comprising:transmitting sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted.22.The method according to claim 16, the method further comprising:transmitting seventh information indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not.23.The method according to claim 22, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.24.The method according to claim 22, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.25.The method according to anyone of claims 22 to 24, the method further comprising:transmitting eighth information indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not.26.The method according to claim 25, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.27.The method according to claim 25, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.28.The method according to anyone of claims 16 to 27, wherein an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.29.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or 16 to 28.30.The communication apparatus of claim 29, comprising:receiving unit, configured to receive first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; andperforming unit, configured to perform a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information.31.The communication apparatus of claim 29, comprising:determining unit, configured to determine first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; wherein the first information is used to perform channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or CSI report; andtransmitting unit, configured to transmit the first information.32.The communication apparatus of claim 29, comprising:one or more processors, configured to perform processing step according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or 16 to 28;an interface circuit, configured to perform transmitting or receiving step according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or 16 to 28.33.The communication apparatus of claim 32, the interface circuit comprises one or more transceivers.34.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; anda memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 15 or 16 to 28.35.A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises a first apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 15 and a second apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 16 to 28.36.A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of 1 to 15 or 16 to 28.37.A computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 15 or 16 to 28.38.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; anda memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:receive first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; andperform a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information.39.The apparatus according to claim 38, the one or more processors are configured to:determine to trigger the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam based on the first information, wherein the first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is active; and perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on at least one first companion beam.40.The apparatus according to claim 39, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to the at least one first companion beam.41.The apparatus according to claim 39 or 40, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted; wherein the third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.42.The apparatus according to claim 41, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted; andsuspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the second companion beam.43.The apparatus according to claim 39 or 40, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted; wherein the fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.44.The apparatus according to claim 43, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted, andsuspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report corresponding to the at least one third companion beam.45.The apparatus according to claim 38, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:determine to monitor a control channel and / or a signal corresponding to at least one first companion beam, wherein the first information further indicates that a status of the at least one first companion beam is active.46.The apparatus according to claim 45, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive seventh information indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not,wherein the perform a channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or a CSI report based on the first information comprises:perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information.47.The apparatus according to claim 46, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information comprises:perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices comprises a first device that receives the seventh information.48.The apparatus according to claim 46, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the seventh information and the first information comprises:perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the at least one first companion beam if the first set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the seventh information.49.The apparatus according to anyone of claims 45 to 48, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:receive eighth information indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not; andsuspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information.50.The apparatus according to claim 49, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information comprises:suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices comprises a first device that receives the eighth information.51.The apparatus according to claim 49, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report,wherein the suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report based on the eighth information comprises:suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report if the second set of devices does not comprise a first device that receives the eighth information.52.The apparatus according to anyone of claims 38 to 51, wherein an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.53.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; anda memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:determine first information indicative of status of at least one companion beam; wherein the first information is used to perform channel state information (CSI) measurement and / or CSI report; andtransmit the first information.54.The apparatus according to claim 53, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to: :transmit second information indicative of one or more configurations of the CSI report corresponding to at least one first companion beam, wherein the first information indicates that the status of the at least one first companion beam is active.55.The apparatus according to claim 53 or 54, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:transmit third information indicating that a second companion beam will be muted; wherein the third information is carried on the second companion beam that belongs to the at least one first companion beam.56.The apparatus according to claim 55, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:transmit fourth information indicating a time when the second companion beam will be muted.57.The apparatus according to claim 53 or 54, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:transmit fifth information indicating at least one third companion beam belonging to the at least one first companion beam will be muted; wherein the fifth information is carried on an anchor beam associated with the at least one first companion beam.58.The apparatus according to claim 57, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:transmit sixth information indicating a time when the at least one third companion beam will be muted.59.The apparatus according to claim 53, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:transmit seventh information indicating a first set of devices whether to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not.60.The apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.61.The apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the seventh information indicates a first set of devices that are not excepted to perform the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.62.The apparatus according to anyone of claims 59 to 61, the one or more processes and the memory storing instructions cause the apparatus further to:transmit eighth information indicating a second set of devices whether to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report or not.63.The apparatus according to claim 62, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.64.The apparatus according to claim 62, wherein the eighth information indicates the second set of devices that are not excepted to suspend the CSI measurement and / or the CSI report.65.The apparatus according to anyone of claims 53 to 64, wherein an anchor beam is used to receive at least one common physical reference signal and / or channel, and the at least one companion beam is used to receive at least one user equipment (UE) -specific physical reference signal and / or channel.