Preparation process for seed ball used for ecological restoration, and sowing method

Abstract

Disclosed are a preparation process for a seed ball used for ecological restoration, and a sowing method. The preparation process comprises: preparing a wrapping material, preparing a wrapping slurry, and forming a seed ball. In preparing the wrapping material, a protective shell substance and a soil binder are mixed uniformly to obtain the wrapping material. In preparing the wrapping slurry, water is added to the wrapping material and mixed uniformly to obtain the wrapping slurry. In forming the seed ball, the wrapping slurry and plant seeds are processed into a ball to obtain the seed ball. A seed ball prepared by the present invention maintains a high germination success rate and survival rate even in degraded land environments in arid and semi-arid regions.

Description

A preparation process and sowing method for seed bulbs used in ecological restoration Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration and afforestation technology, specifically to a process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration and a sowing method. Background Technology

[0002] Land degradation, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, poses a significant challenge to ecological restoration. The harsh conditions in these areas, such as low rainfall, poor soil quality, and high temperatures, severely hinder the restoration of natural vegetation. Traditional afforestation and planting methods often fail to achieve the desired results, exhibiting low germination success rates and survival rates. Therefore, it is essential to develop a sowing method that can improve the germination success rate and survival rate of plants in degraded land environments in arid and semi-arid regions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a process and method for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration. The prepared seed bulbs still have a high germination success rate and survival rate in degraded land environments in arid and semi-arid regions.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: preparing a coating material, preparing a coating slurry, and making the bulbs;

[0006] The preparation of the coating involves uniformly mixing the protective shell material and the soil binder to obtain the coating.

[0007] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, minerals, organic matter, matrix, and coconut coir;

[0008] The mineral is either perlite or rock wool;

[0009] The organic matter is either leaf mold or pine needle soil;

[0010] The matrix is ​​one of sand, gravel, ceramsite, and vermiculite;

[0011] The mass ratio of red clay, minerals, organic matter, matrix, and coconut coir in the protective shell material is 20-40:5-10:3-7:2-3:10-20.

[0012] Each bulb contains 145-190g of protective shell material;

[0013] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat.

[0014] In the soil binder, the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1;

[0015] Each bulb contains 20-35g of soil binder;

[0016] Preferably, in the preparation of the coating, nutrients are also added when the protective shell material is mixed with the soil binder;

[0017] In the preparation of the encapsulation, the nutrient is a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride;

[0018] The mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride in the nutrients is 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1.

[0019] Each bulb contains 20-35g of nutrients;

[0020] The preparation of the coating slurry involves adding water to the coating material and mixing it evenly to obtain the coating slurry;

[0021] In the preparation of the encapsulation slurry, the mass of water accounts for 18-25% of the total mass of the encapsulated material;

[0022] The pelleting process involves treating the coating slurry and plant seeds to obtain seed bulbs.

[0023] In the process of making the balls, the plant seeds are one or a combination of the following: Populus euphratica seeds, Haloxylon ammodendron seeds, Tamarix chinensis seeds, Trifolium repens seeds, Salix matsudana seeds, Ligusticum striatum seeds, Caragana korshinskii seeds, Salix psammophila seeds, Salix matsudana seeds, Caragana korshinskii seeds, Lespedeza bicolor seeds, Calligonum mongolicum seeds, Amaranthus chinensis seeds, Hippophae rhamnoides seeds, Alternanthera philoxeroides seeds, Nitraria tangutorum seeds, Hippophae rhamnoides seeds, Leymus chinensis seeds, Amorpha fruticosa seeds, Juniperus chinensis seeds, Lycium barbarum seeds, Artemisia argyi seeds, Ligusticum striatum seeds, Ligusticum striatum seeds, and Ilex chinensis seeds.

[0024] Each bulb contains 5-9 plant seeds;

[0025] The bulbs are one of the following: dry bulbs, frozen-dried bulbs, wet bulbs, and frozen-wet bulbs;

[0026] When the seed bulb is a dry seed bulb, the bulb-making process involves evenly coating the plant seed with a coating slurry, shaping it into a sphere, and then drying it at 25-30℃ for 4-6 hours.

[0027] When the seed bulb is a freeze-dried seed bulb, the bulb-making process involves evenly coating the plant seeds with a coating slurry, shaping them into spheres, drying them at 25-30℃ for 4-6 hours, and then freezing them at -17℃ to -15℃ for 6-8 days.

[0028] When the seed bulb is a wet seed bulb, the bulb-making process involves evenly coating the plant seed with a coating slurry to form a spherical shape;

[0029] When the bulbs are wet-frozen bulbs, the bulb-making process involves uniformly coating the plant seeds with a coating slurry and then freezing them at -17°C to -15°C for 6-8 days.

[0030] A method for sowing seed bulbs prepared by the aforementioned preparation process for ecological restoration involves sowing the seed bulbs by aerial seeding or transplanting.

[0031] The aerial seeding refers to the use of drones to sow the bulbs;

[0032] The drone has a seed bulb loading capacity of 35-45kg, a sowing operation height of less than 12m, a flight speed of less than 9m / s, and a sowing density of 1-3kg seed bulbs / acre;

[0033] The sowing method involves planting the bulbs in the soil using a sowing technique.

[0034] The sowing depth is 20-30cm, and the row spacing and plant spacing are (1.5-2.2)m×(1.5-2.2)m.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] (1) The preparation process and sowing method of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration of the present invention can be used in arid, semi-arid, desert and semi-desert areas with annual rainfall of less than 400 mm. By sowing by aerial seeding or transplanting, the germination rate and survival rate can be improved. It is applicable to various types of ecological restoration projects around the world and has a wide range of applications.

[0037] (2) The preparation process of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration of the present invention provides a scalable solution for large-scale ecological restoration, especially for areas where traditional afforestation methods have been proven ineffective;

[0038] (3) The preparation process of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration of the present invention includes the addition of pre-hydrated materials to the seed bulbs. The pre-hydrated materials can form a water system inside the seed bulbs, so that the seed bulbs can maintain a high water content in the early stage of planting and ensure that the seeds can obtain water even under extremely dry conditions. Red soil, minerals, organic matter, substrate and coconut coir are also added. Among them, red soil helps to maintain the looseness and fertility of the soil, which is conducive to the development of plant roots. Red soil is rich in nutrients such as iron, potassium and magnesium, which have a positive effect on plant growth. The substrate can anchor the plant, provide water and fertilizer retention capacity, and has good air permeability. In addition, the substrate can also regulate the environment of plant roots through its physical and chemical properties, such as stabilizing hydrogen ion concentration and treating root exudates.

[0039] (4) The preparation process of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration of the present invention can also be effectively applied to areas with high rainfall. In areas with rainfall exceeding 400 mm, wet-frozen seed bulbs can enhance ecological restoration work by providing an additional source of water, ensuring more consistent seedling establishment and plant survival.

[0040] (5) The preparation process of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration of the present invention has a high germination success rate and survival rate in the land degradation environment of arid and semi-arid regions. In areas with an annual rainfall of less than 400 mm, the germination rate of the seed bulbs can reach 40-96% 15 days after sowing and the survival rate of the seed bulbs can reach 35-92% 30 days after sowing. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described.

[0042] Example 1: Aerial seeding of dry bulbs

[0043] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres, and then drying them at 25℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried seed bulbs.

[0044] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0045] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0046] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0047] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Populus euphratica, 2 seeds of Haloxylon ammodendron, 2 seeds of Tamarix chinensis, and 2 seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum.

[0048] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a drone is used to sow the bulbs prepared in this embodiment, the bulb loading capacity of the drone is controlled to be 40kg, the sowing height is 3m, the flight speed is 7m / s, and the sowing density is 3kg bulbs / acre.

[0049] Example 2: Aerial seeding method for sowing dry bulbs

[0050] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres, and then drying them at 25℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried seed bulbs.

[0051] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0052] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, sand, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, sand, and coconut coir is 40:10:7:3:20, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0053] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0054] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Salix matsudana, 2 seeds of Caulis florida, 2 seeds of Caragana korshinskii, and 2 seeds of Salix psammophila.

[0055] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a drone is used to sow the bulbs prepared in this embodiment, the bulb loading capacity of the drone is controlled to be 40kg, the sowing height is 3m, the flight speed is 7m / s, and the sowing density is 3kg bulbs / acre.

[0056] Example 3: Aerial seeding method for sowing dry bulbs

[0057] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres, and then drying them at 25℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried seed bulbs.

[0058] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0059] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, gravel, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, gravel, and coconut coir is 40:10:7:3:20, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0060] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0061] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 willow seeds, 2 stalk seeds, 2 lespedeza seeds, and 2 jujube seeds.

[0062] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a drone is used to sow the bulbs prepared in this embodiment, the bulb loading capacity of the drone is controlled to be 40kg, the sowing height is 3m, the flight speed is 7m / s, and the sowing density is 3kg bulbs / acre.

[0063] Example 4: Sowing dry bulbs using the intercropping method

[0064] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres, and then drying them at 25℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried seed bulbs.

[0065] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0066] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0067] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0068] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, and 2 seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides.

[0069] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0070] Example 5: Sowing dry bulbs using the intercropping method

[0071] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres, and then drying them at 25℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried seed bulbs.

[0072] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0073] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, pine needle soil, vermiculite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, pine needle soil, vermiculite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0074] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0075] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of sheepgrass, 2 seeds of purple acacia, 2 seeds of juniper, and 2 seeds of black goji berries.

[0076] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0077] Example 6: Sowing dry bulbs using the intercropping method

[0078] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres, and then drying them at 25℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried seed bulbs.

[0079] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0080] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, pine needle soil, gravel, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, pine needle soil, gravel, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0081] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0082] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Artemisia argyi, 2 seeds of Echinochloa crus-galli, 2 seeds of Echinochloa chinensis, and 2 seeds of Ilex chinensis.

[0083] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0084] Example 7: Aerial Seeding Method for Sowing Dry-Freeze-Dried Bulbs

[0085] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; uniformly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres; then drying at 25℃ for 6 hours and freezing at -16℃ for 7 days to obtain freeze-dried seed bulbs;

[0086] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0087] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0088] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0089] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Populus euphratica, 2 seeds of Haloxylon ammodendron, 2 seeds of Tamarix chinensis, and 2 seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum.

[0090] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a drone is used to sow the bulbs prepared in this embodiment, the bulb loading capacity of the drone is controlled to be 40kg, the sowing height is 3m, the flight speed is 7m / s, and the sowing density is 3kg bulbs / acre.

[0091] Example 8: Aerial Seeding Method for Sowing Wet Seed Bulbs

[0092] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; then adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; and then evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spherical shapes to obtain wet seed bulbs.

[0093] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0094] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0095] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0096] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Populus euphratica, 2 seeds of Haloxylon ammodendron, 2 seeds of Tamarix chinensis, and 2 seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum.

[0097] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a drone is used to sow the bulbs prepared in this embodiment, the bulb loading capacity of the drone is controlled to be 40kg, the sowing height is 3m, the flight speed is 7m / s, and the sowing density is 3kg bulbs / acre.

[0098] Example 9: Aerial Seeding Method for Sowing Wet Frozen Bulbs

[0099] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: nutrient substances, protective shell material, and soil binder are mixed evenly to obtain a coating material; water is then added to the coating material, controlling the water mass to account for 20% of the total mass of the coating material, and mixed evenly to obtain a coating slurry; the coating slurry is evenly coated onto plant seeds to form spheres, and then frozen at -16℃ for 7 days to obtain wet-frozen seed bulbs.

[0100] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0101] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, perlite, leaf mold, vermiculite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0102] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0103] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Populus euphratica, 2 seeds of Haloxylon ammodendron, 2 seeds of Tamarix chinensis, and 2 seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum.

[0104] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a drone is used to sow the bulbs prepared in this embodiment, the bulb loading capacity of the drone is controlled to be 40kg, the sowing height is 3m, the flight speed is 7m / s, and the sowing density is 3kg bulbs / acre.

[0105] Example 10: Sowing of frozen-dried bulbs using the intercropping method

[0106] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, and mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; uniformly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spheres; then drying at 25℃ for 6 hours and freezing at -16℃ for 7 days to obtain freeze-dried seed bulbs;

[0107] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0108] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0109] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0110] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, and 2 seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides.

[0111] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0112] Example 11: Sowing wet bulbs using the intercropping method

[0113] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration includes: mixing nutrients, protective shell material, and soil binder evenly to obtain a coating; then adding water to the coating, controlling the water mass to be 20% of the total mass of the coating, mixing evenly to obtain a coating slurry; and then evenly coating the plant seeds with the coating slurry to form spherical shapes to obtain wet seed bulbs.

[0114] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0115] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0116] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0117] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, and 2 seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides.

[0118] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0119] Example 12: Sowing wet-frozen bulbs using the intercropping method

[0120] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: nutrient substances, protective shell material, and soil binder are mixed evenly to obtain a coating material; water is then added to the coating material, controlling the water mass to account for 20% of the total mass of the coating material, and mixed evenly to obtain a coating slurry; the coating slurry is evenly coated onto plant seeds to form spheres, and then frozen at -16℃ for 7 days to obtain wet-frozen seed bulbs.

[0121] The nutrients are a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride, wherein the mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of nutrients.

[0122] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0123] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0124] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, 2 seeds of Alternanthera philoxeroides, and 2 seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides.

[0125] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0126] Example 13: Sowing wet-frozen bulbs using the intercropping method

[0127] A process for preparing seed bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: a protective shell material and a soil binder are mixed evenly to obtain a coating material; water is then added to the coating material, with the water mass accounting for 20% of the total mass of the coating material, and the mixture is mixed evenly to obtain a coating slurry; the coating slurry is evenly coated onto plant seeds to form spheres, and then frozen at -16℃ for 7 days to obtain wet-frozen seed bulbs.

[0128] The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir, wherein the mass ratio of red clay, rock wool, leaf mold, ceramsite, and coconut coir is 20:5:3:2:10, and each bulb contains 184g of protective shell material.

[0129] The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat, wherein the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth and peat is 1:1:1, and each bulb contains 32g of soil binder.

[0130] Each bulb contains 8 plant seeds: 2 seeds of alfalfa, 2 seeds of camel thorn, 2 seeds of white thorn, and 2 seeds of sea buckthorn.

[0131] A method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration is as follows: the bulbs prepared in this embodiment are planted in the soil by intercropping, with the intercropping depth controlled at 30cm and the row spacing and plant spacing at 2m×2m.

[0132] Experimental Example 1

[0133] Following the bulb preparation process and sowing method described in Examples 1-12, sowing was carried out in the same area with an annual rainfall of less than 400 mm. 200 bulbs were used for each sowing. The total number of germinated bulbs at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days after sowing was counted. The germination rate of bulbs at 15 days after sowing was calculated, and the survival rate of bulbs at 30 days after sowing was also counted. The statistical results are as follows:

[0134] Comparing the results of Example 1 with those of Examples 7-9, Example 9 showed the best germination rate and survival rate. Comparing the results of Example 4 with those of Examples 10-12, Example 12 showed the best germination rate and survival rate. This indicates that the germination rate and survival rate of the wet-frozen bulbs were the best. The reasons for this are as follows:

[0135] 1. Frozen bulbs can gradually release moisture as they thaw, providing a certain source of water for the seeds. Once frozen bulbs are sown by air or planting in the soil, they begin to thaw, and the moisture inside the bulbs is slowly released into the seeds, ensuring that the seeds have enough moisture for germination even under extremely dry conditions;

[0136] 2. The protective shell of the wet-frozen bulbs gradually decomposes, allowing seedlings to access the nutrients stored within. This slow decomposition process ensures continuous nutritional support for the seeds in the bulbs during early growth, enabling them to grow even in nutrient-poor soil.

[0137] 3. Freezing slows down the metabolic rate of seeds to some extent, thus extending their shelf life. In contrast, wet bulbs are more susceptible to microbial influences when stored in a humid environment, leading to seed rot or mold, which in turn affects bulb germination.

[0138] 4. After freezing, the water inside the bulbs forms ice crystals, which enhances the physical strength of the bulbs. This makes the frozen bulbs less likely to break when dropped from a height, thus improving the success rate of aerial seeding.

[0139] 5. Freezing can induce dormancy in seeds. After sowing, the bulbs will gradually break dormancy and begin to germinate. Therefore, freezing plays a role in regulating the physiological state of seeds, which helps them adapt to the environment and germinate better after sowing.

[0140] 6. After freezing, the bulbs retain appropriate humidity, making them easier to absorb water and nutrients after sowing, which is beneficial for seed germination. Once the seedlings are stable, they can obtain water from the surrounding soil, thus increasing their chances of long-term survival.

[0141] Furthermore, the data above shows that although the absence of added nutrients will have some impact, the impact is not significant because the matrix, minerals, and organic matter can provide some nutrition.

[0142] Unless otherwise stated, all percentages used in this invention are mass percentages.

[0143] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing bulbs for ecological restoration, characterized in that, include: Preparation of the coating material, preparation of the coating slurry, and pelletizing; The preparation of the coating involves uniformly mixing the protective shell material and the soil binder to obtain the coating. The preparation of the coating slurry involves adding water to the coating material and mixing it evenly to obtain the coating slurry; The bulb-making process involves treating the coating material and plant seeds to produce bulbs.

2. The preparation process of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell material is a mixture of red clay, minerals, organic matter, matrix, and coconut coir; The mineral is either perlite or rock wool; The organic matter is either leaf mold or pine needle soil; The matrix is ​​one of sand, gravel, ceramsite, and vermiculite; Each bulb contains 145-190g of protective shell material.

3. The preparation process of bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of red clay, minerals, organic matter, matrix, and coconut coir in the protective shell material is 20-40:5-10:3-7:2-3:10-20.

4. The preparation process of the bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil binder is a composition of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat. In the soil binder, the mass ratio of humic acid, diatomaceous earth, and peat is 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1; Each bulb contains 20-35g of soil binder.

5. The preparation process of the bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the coating, nutrients were also added when the protective shell material was mixed with the soil binder. In the preparation of the encapsulation, the nutrient is a mixture of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride; The mass ratio of urea, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride in the nutrients is 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.

1. Each bulb contains 20-35g of nutrients.

6. The preparation process of the bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the encapsulation slurry, the mass of water accounts for 18-25% of the total mass of the encapsulation material.

7. The preparation process of the seed bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned ball-making process, the plant seeds are one or a combination of the following: Populus euphratica seeds, Haloxylon ammodendron seeds, Tamarix chinensis seeds, Trifolium repens seeds, Salix matsudana seeds, Ligusticum striatum seeds, Caragana korshinskii seeds, Salix psammophila seeds, Salix matsudana seeds, Caragana korshinskii seeds, Lespedeza bicolor seeds, Calligonum mongolicum seeds, Amaranthus chinensis seeds, Hippophae rhamnoides seeds, Alternanthera philoxeroides seeds, Nitraria tangutorum seeds, Hippophae rhamnoides seeds, Leymus chinensis seeds, Amorpha fruticosa seeds, Juniperus chinensis seeds, Lycium barbarum seeds, Artemisia argyi seeds, Ligusticum striatum seeds, Ligusticum striatum seeds, and Ilex chinensis seeds. Each bulb contains 5-9 seeds.

8. The preparation process of the bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bulbs are one of the following: dry bulbs, frozen-dried bulbs, wet bulbs, and frozen-wet bulbs; When the seed bulb is a dry seed bulb, the bulb-making process involves evenly coating the plant seed with a coating slurry, shaping it into a sphere, and then drying it at 25-30℃ for 4-6 hours. When the seed bulb is a freeze-dried seed bulb, the bulb-making process involves evenly coating the plant seeds with a coating slurry, shaping them into spheres, drying them at 25-30℃ for 4-6 hours, and then freezing them at -17℃ to -15℃ for 6-8 days. When the seed bulb is a wet seed bulb, the bulb-making process involves evenly coating the plant seed with a coating slurry to form a spherical shape; When the bulbs are wet-frozen bulbs, the bulb-making process involves uniformly coating the plant seeds with a coating slurry and then freezing them at -17°C to -15°C for 6-8 days.

9. A method for sowing seed bulbs for ecological restoration prepared by the preparation process according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The bulbs are sown using aerial seeding or seeding methods.

10. The method for sowing bulbs for ecological restoration according to claim 9, characterized in that, The aerial seeding refers to the use of drones to sow the bulbs; The drone has a seed bulb loading capacity of 35-45kg, a sowing operation height of less than 12m, a flight speed of less than 9m / s, and a sowing density of 1-3kg seed bulbs / acre; The sowing method involves planting the bulbs in the soil using a sowing technique. The sowing depth is 20-30cm, and the row spacing and plant spacing are (1.5-2.2)m×(1.5-2.2)m.

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