Security protection for mac ce
By applying security keys and algorithms to MAC CEs, the vulnerability of MAC CEs to eavesdropping and manipulation is mitigated, improving communication security and reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LENOVO (BEIJING) LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-11
AI Technical Summary
The lack of encryption or integrity protection for Medium Access Control Control Elements (MAC CEs) in wireless communications systems exposes them to security vulnerabilities, such as eavesdropping and manipulation, particularly in L1/L2 triggered mobility scenarios, leading to potential handover failures.
Implementing security protection for MAC CEs by receiving and applying security key and algorithm information to perform encryption, decryption, integrity protection, or integrity verification, using a processor in communication devices.
Protects MAC CEs from eavesdropping and manipulation, enhancing security and reducing handover failures by ensuring secure communication.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025112832_11062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SECURITY PROTECTION FOR MAC CETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to user equipment (UE) , network nodes and methods for supporting security protection for medium access control control element (MAC CE) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] A MAC CE is used to carry control information which enables dynamically managing radio resources and coordinating communication between UE and a base station (BS) . Unlike higher-layer protocols (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) or non-access stratum (NAS) ) , the MAC CE is transmitted without encryption or integrity protection. This lack of protection exposes the MAC CE to potential security vulnerabilities.
[0004] The unprotected MAC CE will face the security issues in some cases. For example, the lack of security protection for the L1 / L2 triggered mobility (LTM) cell switch command MAC CE makes the next hop chaining counter (NCC) and cell identity (ID) information susceptible to eavesdropping or manipulation by the attacker, which increases the likelihood of handover failures.SUMMARY
[0005] The present disclosure relates to communication devices and methods that support security protection for MAC CE. With the communication devices and methods, information in the MAC CE may be protected from eavesdropping or manipulation by attackers.
[0006] Some implementations of a first communication device described herein may include a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive, via the transceiver from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; and perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0007] In some implementations, the first communication device comprises a first network device and the second communication device comprises a second network node.
[0008] In some implementations, the security key information comprises at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by at least one of the following: performing encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and performing integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0009] In some implementations, the security key information comprises a first key for a radio access network (RAN) node, and the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE, wherein the RAN node comprises the first network node and the second network node. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by at least one of the following: deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the first key and the first counter value; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0010] In some implementations, the security key information comprises at least one of an encryption key for a radio resource control (RRC) signaling and an integrity key for the RRC signaling, and the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by at least one of the following: deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the integrity key for the RRC signaling and the first counter value; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0011] In some implementations, the security key information comprises a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE, the second key is derived from a first key for a RAN node, the RAN node comprises the first network node and the second network node. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the second key; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0012] In some implementations, the security key information comprises a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE, the second key is derived from a first key for a RAN node, the RAN node comprises the first network node and the second network node and the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the second key and the first counter value; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0013] In some implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: performing integrity protection for a first MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information. In such implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit the first MAC CE via the transceiver to a UE, wherein the first MAC CE comprises the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE.
[0014] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises at least one of the following: a first indication indicating to activate the security protection for the at least MAC CE, a second indication indicating whether only encryption or only integrity protection is applied, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection, a MAC-I, or a first index of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0015] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive, via the transceiver from the UE, a third indication indicating that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE is activated.
[0016] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit, via the transceiver to the second network node, a request for security protection for at least one MAC CE; and receive a fourth indication via the transceiver from the second network node, wherein the fourth indication indicates that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE has been activated successfully.
[0017] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit, via the transceiver to the second network node, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to the security protection.
[0018] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to receive the at least one MAC CE from a UE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: performing integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information. In such implementations, the processor is further configured to: based on determining that the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE fails, performing at least one of the following: transmitting a fifth indication via the transceiver to the second network node, wherein the fifth indication indicates failure of the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE; or discarding the at least one MAC CE.
[0019] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit, via the transceiver to a UE, a sixth indication in a handover command message or a cell switch command MAC CE, wherein the sixth indication indicates the UE to change or retain security keys for at least one of the following: the at least one MAC CE, the at least one radio resource control (RRC) signaling, the at least one user plane traffic between the UE and the first network node.
[0020] In some implementations, the sixth indication comprises a second index of the security keys or a second counter value for derivation of further security keys.
[0021] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: based on determining that mobility of the UE to a target cell of a third network device is to be performed, determine to change the security keys.
[0022] In some implementations, the processor is configured to change the security keys by: deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the security keys for the at least one MAC CE and a second counter value for derivation of further security keys; or deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the second counter value and a first key for a RAN node, wherein the RAN node comprises the first communication device and the second network node; or deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the second counter value and a second key used for derivation of the security keys for the at least one MAC CE, wherein the second key is derived from the first key.
[0023] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive, via the transceiver from the second network node, further security key information and further security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE in the target cell of the third network node; and transmit, via the transceiver to the UE, the further security key information and the further security algorithm information.
[0024] In some implementations, the first communication device comprises a UE and the second communication device comprises a second network node.
[0025] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: deriving at least one of an encryption key and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from a first key for a RAN node and the first counter value; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0026] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: deriving a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE from a first key for a RAN node and the first counter value; deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the second key; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0027] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE. In such implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: deriving a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE from a first key for a RAN node; deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the second key and the first counter value; and performing at least one of the following: encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; and integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0028] In some implementations, the processor is configured to receive the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: receiving, via the transceiver from a first network node, a first MAC CE comprising the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE, wherein the first MAC CE is subjected to security protection by the security key information; or receiving, via the transceiver from a second network node, an RRC signaling comprising the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0029] In some implementations, the first MAC CE or the RRC signaling comprises at least one of the following: a first indication indicating to activate the security protection for the at least MAC CE, the security key information, the security algorithm information, a second indication indicating whether only encryption or only integrity protection is applied, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection, a MAC-I, or a first index of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0030] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: performing integrity verification for the first MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information; based on determining that the integrity verification for the first MAC CE succeeds, transmit, via the transceiver to the first network node or the second network node, a third indication indicating that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE is activated.
[0031] In some implementations, the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by: performing integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information. In such implementations, the processor is further configured to: based on determining that the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE fails, performing at least one of the following: an RRC re-establishment procedure; transmitting, via the transceiver to a first network node, a fifth indication indicating failure of the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE; or discarding the at least one MAC CE.
[0032] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive, via the transceiver from a first network node, a sixth indication in a handover command message or a cell switch command MAC CE, wherein the sixth indication indicates the UE to change or retain security keys for at least one of the following: the at least one MAC CE, the at least one radio resource control (RRC) signaling, the at least one user plane traffic between the UE and the first network node; and change or retain the security keys based on the sixth indication.
[0033] In some implementations, the sixth indication comprises a second index of the security keys or a second counter value for derivation of further security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0034] In some implementations, the processor is configured to change or retain the security keys based on the sixth indication by: based on determining that the second index of the security keys is the same as a first index of the security keys, retaining the security keys, wherein the first index of the security keys was previously assigned by the first network node; and based on determining that the second index of the security keys is different from the first index of the security keys, changing the security keys.
[0035] In some implementations, the processor is configured to change or retain the security keys based on the sixth indication by: based on determining that the second counter value is the same as a first counter value for derivation of the security keys, retaining the security keys, wherein the first counter value was previously received by the first network node; and based on determining that the second counter value is different from the first counter value for derivation of the security keys, changing the security keys.
[0036] In some implementations, the processor is configured to change the security keys based on the sixth indication by: deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the second counter value and the security keys for the at least one MAC CE;or deriving the further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from an identity of a second network node and the security keys for the at least one MAC CE; or deriving the further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from an index of the second network node and the security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0037] In some implementations, the processor is configured to change the security keys based on the sixth indication by: deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the second counter value and a first key for a RAN node; or deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the second counter value and a second key used for derivation of the security keys for the at least one MAC CE, wherein the second key is derived from the first key.
[0038] In some implementations, the processor is configured to change the security keys based on the sixth indication by: deriving a third key for a RAN node based on the sixth indication; deriving further security keys for the at least one MAC CE from the third key for the RAN node and the second counter value.
[0039] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive, via the transceiver from a first network node, further security key information and further security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE in a target cell of a third network node.
[0040] Some implementations of a second communication device described herein may include a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: determine to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE; and transmit information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE via the transceiver to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0041] In some implementations, the security key information comprises at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE, and the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0042] In some implementations, the security key information comprises a first key for a RAN node and the first counter value.
[0043] In some implementations, the security key information comprises an encryption key for an RRC signaling, an integrity key for the RRC signaling and the first counter value.
[0044] In some implementations, the security key information comprises a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE and the first counter value, wherein the second key is derived from the first key.
[0045] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive, via the transceiver from a first network node, a request for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; and transmit, via the transceiver to a UE based on the request, an RRC signaling comprising the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0046] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE further comprises at least one of the following: a first indication indicating to activate the security protection for the at least MAC CE, a second indication indicating whether only encryption or only integrity protection is applied, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection, or a MAC-I.
[0047] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive a fourth indication via the transceiver from a UE, wherein the fourth indication indicates that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE has been activated successfully; and transmit the fourth indication via the transceiver to a first network node.
[0048] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: receive, via the transceiver from the first network node, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to the security protection.
[0049] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to receive a fifth indication via the transceiver from a first network node, wherein the fifth indication indicates failure of integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE; and transmit, via the transceiver to a UE, an RRC release message based on the fifth indication; or reconfigure or initialize an intra-cell handover or a MAC CE key update procedure towards the UE.
[0050] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit, via the transceiver to a third network node providing a target cell, the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0051] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit, via the transceiver to a first network node, further security key information and further security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE in a target cell of a third network node.
[0052] Some implementations of a method described herein may include: receiving, from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; and performing the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0053] Some implementations of a method described herein may include: determining to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE; and transmitting information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0054] Some implementations of a processor described herein may include at least one memory and a controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to: receive, via a transceiver from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; and perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0055] Some implementations of a processor described herein may include at least one memory and a controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to: determine to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE; and transmit information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE via the transceiver to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0056] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0057] Fig. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;
[0058] Fig. 2A illustrates another example of a wireless communications system that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;
[0059] Fig. 2B illustrates a further example of a wireless communications system that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;
[0060] Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0061] Figs. 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, 7 and 8 illustrate an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0062] Figs. 9 an 10 illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0063] Fig. 11 illustrates an example of a device that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure;
[0064] Fig. 12 illustrates an example of a processor that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; and
[0065] Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate a flowchart of a method that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0066] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0067] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0068] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0069] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0070] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0071] As described above, the unprotected MAC CE will face the security issues in some cases. To support security protection for MAC CE, the following issues need to be addressed.
[0072] In 5G, both RRC and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions are currently located in a central unit (CU) . The CU is responsible for performing security processing for RRC messages and user plane data, including encryption / decryption and integrity protection / verification, as these functions are typically handled by the PDCP layer.
[0073] However, the encryption / decryption and integrity protection / verification of the MAC CE should be implemented within the DU. To enable security protection of MAC CE in the DU, it is essential to address the challenge of obtaining the security keys and selecting suitable security algorithms for the DU.
[0074] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a solution that supports security protection for MAC CE. In this solution, a first communication device receives, from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE. The information may comprise at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE. The first communication device performs the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information. With this solution, information in the MAC CE may be protected from eavesdropping or manipulation by attackers.
[0075] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.
[0076] Fig. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one at least one of network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more terminal devices or UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0077] The network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station (BS) , a network element, a radio access network (RAN) node, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface. The network entities 102 may be collectively referred to as network entities 102 or individually referred to as a network entity 102. Hereinafter, some implementations of the present disclosure will be described by taking a gNB as an example of the network entity 102. Thus, the network entity 102 may be used interchangeably with the gNB 102.
[0078] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0079] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an internet-of-things (IoT) device, an internet-of-everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0080] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in Fig. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0081] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0082] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0083] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a CU, a DU, a radio unit (RU) , a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0084] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0085] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., an L3, an L2) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as an L1 (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.
[0086] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0087] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0088] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0089] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0090] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0091] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0092] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0093] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0094] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0095] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0096] Fig. 2A illustrates another example of a wireless communications system 200A that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 2A, the wireless communications system 200A may comprise a first network node 210, a second network node 220 and the UE 104. Optionally, the wireless communications system 200A may further comprise a third network node 230. Both the first network node 210 and the third network node 230 are connected to the second network node 220.
[0097] In some implementations, the first network node 210, the second network node 220, and the third network node 230 may be collectively implemented as one of the following: a gNB, a base station, a network element, a RAN node, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, or an eNB. For example, the first network node 210, the second network node 220, and the third network node 230 may be collectively implemented as the gNB 102-1 in Fig. 1.
[0098] In the wireless communications system 200A, the second network node 220 may be implemented as a gNB-CU, and each of the first network node 210 and the third network node 230 may be implemented as a gNB-DU. In such implementations, the first network node 210, the second network node 220, and the third network node 230 may be referred to as a gNB-DU 210, a gNB-CU 220 and a gNB-DU 230, respectively.
[0099] In some implementations, the gNB-CU may be a logical node hosting RRC, SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB or RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-DU.
[0100] In some implementations, the gNB-DU may be a logical node hosting RLC, MAC and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partly controlled by gNB-CU. One gNB-DU supports one or multiple cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU. The gNB-DU terminates the F1 interface connected with the gNB-CU.
[0101] Fig. 2B illustrates another example of a wireless communications system 200B that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0102] The wireless communications system 200B is different from the wireless communications system 200A in that the wireless communications system 200B may further comprise a fourth network node 240. The first network node 210 and the second network node 220 may be collectively implemented as one of the following: a gNB, a base station, a network element, a RAN node, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, or an eNB. The third network node 230 and the fourth network node 240 may be collectively implemented as one of the following: a gNB, a base station, a network element, a RAN node, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, or an eNB. For example, the first network node 210 and the second network node 220 may be collectively implemented as the gNB 102-1 in Fig. 1, and the third network node 230 and the fourth network node 240 may be collectively implemented as the gNB 102-2 in Fig. 1.
[0103] In the wireless communications system 200B, the second network node 220 may be implemented as a first gNB-CU and the first network node 210 may be implemented as a gNB-DU connected to the first gNB-CU, and the fourth network node 240 may be implemented as a second gNB-CU and the third network node 230 may be implemented as a gNB-DU connected to the second gNB-CU. The second network node 220 may be connected to the fourth network node 240 through an Xn interface.
[0104] In some implementations, the UE 104 may move from a cell provided by one source network node (such as one gNB-DU) to a cell provided by a target network node (such as another gNB-DU) .
[0105] For example, the UE 104 may move from one cell provided by the first network node 210 to another cell provided by the first network node 210. In this example, the first network node 210 may be referred to as either a source network node (such as a source gNB-DU) or a target network node (such as a target gNB-DU) . For example, intra-DU handover or intra-DU LTM of the UE 104 may be performed.
[0106] For another example, the UE 104 may move from a cell provided by the first network node 210 to a cell provided by the third network node 230 in Fig. 2A. In this example, the first network node 210 may be referred to as a source network node (such as a source gNB-DU) , and the third network node 230 may be referred to as a target network node (such as a target gNB-DU) . For example, intra-CU inter-DU handover or intra-CU inter-DU LTM of the UE 104 may be performed.
[0107] For a further example, the UE 104 may move from a cell provided by the first network node 210 to a cell provided by the third network node 230 in Fig. 2B. In this example, the first network node 210 may be referred to as a source network node (such as a source gNB-DU) , and the third network node 230 may be referred to as a target network node (such as a target gNB-DU) . For example, inter-CU handover or inter-CU LTM of the UE 104 may be performed.
[0108] Fig. 3 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 300 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 300 may involve the UE 104, the first network node 210 and the second network node 220 in Fig. 2A or 2B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 300 and some example implementations of the process 300 will be described with reference to Fig. 2A or 2B.
[0109] As shown in Fig. 3, the second network node 220 determines 310 to activate security protection for at least one MAC CE.
[0110] In some implementations, the second network node 220 may determine to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE based on UE capability and network deployment.
[0111] The second network node 220 transmits 320 information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to the first network node 210. The information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0112] The first network node 210 may transmit 330 the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to the UE 104. Accordingly, the UE 104 may receive the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE from the first network node 220.
[0113] Alternatively, the second network node 220 may transmit the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to the UE 104. Accordingly, the UE 104 may receive the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE from the second network node 220.
[0114] In turn, the first network node 210 performs 340 the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0115] In some implementations, the first network node 210 may perform encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information.
[0116] Alternatively or additionally, the first network node 210 may perform integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0117] The UE 104 performs 350 the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0118] In some implementations, the UE 104 may perform encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key (also called as cipher key) and the security algorithm information.
[0119] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 104 may perform integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.
[0120] With the process 300, information in the MAC CE may be protected from eavesdropping or manipulation by attackers.
[0121] Fig. 4 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 400 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 400 may be considered as an example implementation of the process 300. The process 400 may involve the UE 104, the first network node 210 and the second network node 220 in Fig. 2A or 2B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 400 will be described with reference to Fig. 2A or 2B.
[0122] In the process 400, the first network node 210 may be implemented as a gNB-DU 210 or a DU of a base station 210, and the second network node 220 may be implemented as a gNB-CU 220 or CU of a base station 220.
[0123] As shown in Fig. 4, the gNB-CU 220 determines 410 to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE.
[0124] The gNB-CU 220 transmits 420 information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to the gNB-DU 210. The information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0125] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE may further comprise a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0126] In some implementations, optionally, the gNB-CU 220 can decide which type of MAC CE needs to be integrity protected and / or ciphered. In such implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE may further comprise at least one type or logical channel identity (LCID) of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection. In such implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE may further comprise at least one type or LCID of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to integrity protection. In such implementations, the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE may further comprise at least one type or LCID of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to encryption.
[0127] In turn, the gNB-DU 210 derives at least one security key for the at least one MAC CE.
[0128] In some implementations, the gNB-DU 210 may derive 430 at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE.
[0129] In some implementations, one of the following options 1A to 4B may be used to derive at least one security key for the at least one MAC CE.
[0130] Fig. 5A illustrates an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE based on option 1A in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0131] In 5G system, KgNB is a key derived by UE / ME and AMF. For 6G, we can call it as a key nodeB (represented by KxNB) . In the present disclosure, KgNB and KxNB are collectively referred to as a first key for a RAN node. For example, the RAN node may be the gNB 102-1. Hereinafter, some implementations of the present disclosure will be described by taking KgNB for example. These implementations are also applicable to KxNB.
[0132] In option 1A, the gNB-CU 220 derives at least one of an encryption key for at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE based on KgNB and a first counter value. In this option, the security key information for at least one MAC CE comprises at least one of the encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and the integrity key for the at least one MAC CE. The encryption key for the at least one MAC CE is represented by KMACenc and the integrity key for the at least one MAC CE is represented by KMACint. And the security algorithm information for the at least one MAC CE is the selected algorithm.
[0133] At step 1-1, the gNB-CU 220 receives KgNB from AMF e.g., in the Initial UE Context Setup Request message.
[0134] At step 1-2, the gNB-CU 220 derives security keys for at least one MAC CE which comprises at least one of the following: - KMACenc is an cipher key (also named as encryption key) derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KgNB and the first counter value, which shall only be used for the protection of at least one MAC CE between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular encryption algorithm; and - KMACint is an integrity key derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KgNB and the first counter value, which shall only be used for the protection of MAC CE between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular integrity algorithm.
[0135] In this example, the security key information for at least one MAC CE comprises at least one of KMACenc and KMACint.
[0136] Optionally, the gNB-CU 220 may derive keys for UP traffic (data radio bearer (DRB) ) which comprises at least one of the following: - KUPenc is a cipher key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular encryption algorithm; and - KUPint is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular integrity algorithm.
[0137] At step 1-3, the gNB-CU 220 selects the encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm for the at least one MAC CE.
[0138] In addition, the gNB-CU 220 decides the encryption algorithm for KMACenc. The encryption algorithms include EEA1, EEA2 and EEA3 (EEA -> EPS Encryption Algorithm) , which are: 128-EEA1 SNOW 3G based algorithm 128-EEA2 AES based algorithm 128-EEA3 ZUC based algorithm
[0139] The gNB-CU 220 selects one of them and transmits the selected encryption algorithm to the gNB-DU 210.
[0140] In addition, the gNB-CU 220 decides the integrity algorithm for integrity protection / verification. The integrity algorithm includes EIA1, EIA2 and EIA3 (EIA ->EPS Integrity Algorithm) which are: 128-EIA1 SNOW 3G based algorithm 128-EIA2 AES based algorithm 128-EIA3 ZUC based algorithm
[0141] The gNB-CU 220 selects one of them and transmits the selected integrity algorithm for at least one MAC CE to the gNB-DU 210.
[0142] The first counter value would be a non-negative integer which is an input for the gNB-CU 220 to derive KMACenc and KMACint.
[0143] At step 1-4, the gNB-CU 220 transmits KMACenc and KMACint, the selected security algorithm, and the first counter value to the gNB-DU 210.
[0144] Fig. 5B illustrates an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE based on option 1B in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0145] In option 1B, the gNB-CU 220 derives an encryption key for at least one MAC CE based on an encryption key for an RRC signaling and a first counter value. Additionally or alternatively, the gNB-CU 220 derives an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE based on an integrity key for an RRC signaling and the first counter value. The encryption key for an RRC signaling is represented by KRRCenc, and the integrity key for the RRC signaling is represented by KRRCint.
[0146] In this option, the security key information for at least one MAC CE comprises at least one of the encryption key for the at least one MAC CE (KMACenc) and the integrity key for the at least one MAC CE (KMACint) . And the security algorithm information for the at least one MAC CE is the selected algorithm.
[0147] At step 1-1, the gNB-CU 220 receives KgNB from AMF e.g., in the Initial UE Context Setup Request message.
[0148] At step 1-2, the gNB-CU 220 derives keys for RRC signalling that include: - KRRCenc is a cipher key derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular integrity algorithm; - KRRCint is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular encryption algorithm.
[0149] Then, the gNB-CU 220 derives security keys for at least one MAC CE which comprises at least one of the following: - KMACenc is an cipher key derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KRRCenc and the first counter value, which shall only be used for the protection of at least one MAC CE between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular encryption algorithm; and - KMACint is an integrity key derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KRRCint and the first counter value, which shall only be used for the protection of MAC CE between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular integrity algorithm.
[0150] In this example, the security key information for at least one MAC CE comprises at least one of KMACenc and KMACint.
[0151] At step 1-3, the gNB-CU 220 selects the encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm for the at least one MAC CE.
[0152] In addition, the gNB-CU 220 decides the encryption algorithm for KMACenc. The encryption algorithms include EEA1, EEA2 and EEA3 (EEA -> EPS Encryption Algorithm) , which are: 128-EEA1 SNOW 3G based algorithm 128-EEA2 AES based algorithm 128-EEA3 ZUC based algorithm
[0153] The gNB-CU 220 selects one of them and transmits the selected encryption algorithm to the gNB-DU 210.
[0154] In addition, the gNB-CU 220 decides the integrity algorithm for integrity protection / verification. The integrity algorithm includes EIA1, EIA2 and EIA3 (EIA ->EPS Integrity Algorithm) which are: 128-EIA1 SNOW 3G based algorithm 128-EIA2 AES based algorithm 128-EIA3 ZUC based algorithm
[0155] The gNB-CU 220 selects one of them and transmits the selected integrity algorithm for at least one MAC CE to the gNB-DU 210.
[0156] The first counter value would be a non-negative integer which is an input for the gNB-CU 220 to derive KMACenc and KMACint.
[0157] At step 1-4, the gNB-CU 220 transmits KMACenc and KMACint, the selected security algorithm, and the first counter value to the gNB-DU 210.
[0158] Fig. 6A illustrates an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE based on option 2A in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0159] In option 2A, the gNB-CU 220 transmits the KgNB and a first counter value to the gNB-DU 210. The gNB-DU 210 derives the security keys for the at least one MAC CE, i.e., KMACenc and KMACint based on the KgNB and the first counter value. In this option, the security key information for the at least one MAC CE is the KgNB and the security algorithm information for the at least one MAC CE comprises the supported encryption algorithms and integrity algorithms.
[0160] At step 2-1, the gNB-CU 220 receives KgNB from AMF, e.g., in the Initial UE Context Setup Request message.
[0161] At step 2-2, the gNB-CU 220 transmits KgNB and the first counter value to gNB-DU 210.
[0162] The gNB-CU 220 may also transmit the supported encryption algorithms and integrity algorithms to the gNB-DU 210.
[0163] Fig. 6B illustrates an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE based on option 2B in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0164] In option 2B, the gNB-CU 220 transmits at least one of KRRCenc and KRRCint and a first counter value to the gNB-DU 210. The gNB-DU 210 derives an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE, i.e., KMACenc based on KRRCenc and the first counter value. Alternatively or additionally, the gNB-DU 210 derives an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE, i.e., KMACint based on KRRCint and the first counter value.
[0165] In this option, the security key information for the at least one MAC CE comprises at least one of KRRCenc and KRRCint, and the security algorithm information for the at least one MAC CE comprises the supported encryption algorithms and integrity algorithms.
[0166] At step 2-1, the gNB-CU 220 receives KgNB from AMF, e.g., in the Initial UE Context Setup Request message.
[0167] The gNB-CU 220 derives keys for RRC signalling that comprises: - KRRCint is a cipher key derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular integrity algorithm; - KRRCenc is an integrity key derived by the gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular encryption algorithm.
[0168] Optionally, the gNB-CU 220 may derive keys for UP traffic (data radio bearer (DRB) ) which comprises at least one of the following: - KUPenc is a cipher key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular encryption algorithm; and - KUPint is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular integrity algorithm.
[0169] At step 2-2, the gNB-CU 220 transmits at least one of KRRCenc and KRRCint and the first counter value to gNB-DU 210.
[0170] The gNB-CU 220 may also transmit the supported encryption algorithms and integrity algorithms to the gNB-DU 210.
[0171] Fig. 7 illustrates an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE based on option 3 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0172] In option 3, the gNB-CU 220 derives a second key (represented by KDU) based on KgNB and a first counter value. And then the gNB-DU 210 derives security keys for the at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACenc and KMACint) based on the KDU. In this option, the security key information for the at least one MAC CE comprises KDU, and the security algorithm information for the at least one MAC CE comprises the selected algorithms or the supported algorithms. The KDU is the key used in the gNB-DU.
[0173] At step 3-1, the gNB-CU 220 receives KgNB from AMF e.g., in the Initial UE Context Setup Request message.
[0174] At step 3-2, the gNB-CU 220 derives KDU from KgNB and the first counter value. KDU is used for derivation of the security keys for the at least one MAC CE. The gNB-CU 220 transmits KDU and the first counter value to gNB-DU 210.
[0175] Optionally, the gNB-CU 220 may derive keys for RRC signalling which comprises at least one of the following: - KRRCint is a cipher key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular integrity algorithm; - KRRCenc is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular encryption algorithm.
[0176] Optionally, the gNB-CU 220 may derive keys for UP traffic (data radio bearer (DRB) ) which comprises at least one of the following: - KUPenc is a cipher key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular encryption algorithm; and - KUPint is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular integrity algorithm.
[0177] Fig. 8 illustrates an example process of deriving security keys for at least one MAC CE based on option 4 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0178] In option 4, the gNB-CU 220 derives KDU based on KgNB and an ID of the gNB-DU 210 (e.g., DU ID or DU index) . And then the gNB-DU 210 derives security keys for the at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACenc and KMACint) based on the KDU and a first counter value. In this option, the security key information for the at least one MAC CE is KDU. And the security algorithm information for the at least one MAC CE comprises the selected algorithms or the supported algorithms.
[0179] At step 4-1, the gNB-CU 220 receives KgNB from AMF, e.g. in the Initial UE Context Setup Request message.
[0180] The gNB-CU 220 derives KDU from KgNB and the DU ID or DU index. KDU is used for derivation of the security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0181] Optionally, the gNB-CU 220 may derive keys for RRC signalling which comprises at least one of the following: - KRRCint is a cipher key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular integrity algorithm; - KRRCenc is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of RRC signalling with a particular encryption algorithm.
[0182] Optionally, the gNB-CU 220 may derive keys for UP traffic (data radio bearer (DRB) ) which comprises at least one of the following: - KUPenc is a cipher key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular encryption algorithm; and - KUPint is an integrity key derived by gNB-CU 220 from KgNB, which shall only be used for the protection of UP traffic between the UE 104 and the gNB 102-1 with a particular integrity algorithm.
[0183] At step 4-2, the gNB-CU 220 transmits KDU and the first counter value to the gNB-DU 210.
[0184] The gNB-DU 210 derives the keys for the at least one MAC CE based on KDU and the first counter value.
[0185] Returning to Fig. 4, the gNB-DU 210 transmits 440, to the UE 104, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE. The information may comprise at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0186] In some implementations, the gNB-DU 210 may transmit a first MAC CE to the gNB-DU 210 to activate or configure security protection for the at least one MAC CE. The first MAC CE may comprise the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE. The first MAC CE is also referred to as a security activation MAC CE.
[0187] In some implementations, the first MAC CE may further comprise at least one of the following: - a first indication indicating to activate the security protection for the at least MAC CE, - a second indication indicating whether only encryption or only integrity protection is applied, - at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection, - a message authentication code for integrity (MAC-I) , or - a first index of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0188] In some implementations, the gNB-DU 210 may perform integrity protection for the first MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0189] For example, the first MAC CE is integrity protected by KMACenc. The gNB-DU 210 calculates 32 bits MAC-I and puts the MAC-I at the end of the first MAC CE.
[0190] For above options 1A and 1B described with reference to Figs. 5A and 5B, respectively, the gNB-DU 210 uses KMACint provided by the gNB-CU 220 and the selected integrity algorithm to perform integrity protection for the first MAC CE.
[0191] For above option 2Adescribed with reference to Figs. 6A, the gNB-DU 210 derives KMACint and KMACint according to the KgNB and the first counter value. For above option 2B described with reference to Figs. 6B, the gNB-DU 210 derives KMACint according to the KRRCint and the first counter value, and derives KMACenc according to the KRRCenc and the first counter value. The gNB-DU 210 uses the derived KMACint and the selected integrity algorithm to perform integrity protection for the first MAC CE. In this option, the gNB-DU 210 selects the encryption and integrity algorithms from the supported algorithms provided by the gNB-CU 220.
[0192] For above option 3 described with reference to Fig. 7, the gNB-DU 210 derives security keys for the at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACenc and KMACint) according to KDU. The gNB-DU 210 uses the derived KMACint and the selected integrity algorithm to perform integrity protection for the first MAC CE.
[0193] For above option 4 described with reference to Fig. 8, the gNB-DU 210 derives security keys for MAC CE (i.e., KMACenc and KMACint) according to KDU and the first counter value. The gNB-DU 210 uses the derived KMACint and the selected integrity algorithm to perform integrity protection for the first MAC CE.
[0194] The UE 104 may derive 450 at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE based on the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE.
[0195] For example, in the above option 1A, and 2A, the UE 104 derives the key KMACint based on KgNB or KxNB and the first counter value. The first count value is provided by the first MAC CE.
[0196] In above options 1B and 2B, the UE 104 derives the key KMACint based on KRRCint and the first count value. The first count value is provided by the first MAC CE.
[0197] In the above option 3, the UE 104 derives KDU based on KgNB and the first counter value. And then the UE 104 derives the key KMACint based on KDU.
[0198] In the above option 4, the UE 104 derives KDU based on KgNB. And then the UE 104 derives the key KMACint based on KDU and the first counter value.
[0199] In some implementations, the UE 104 may perform integrity verification for the first MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0200] In some implementations, the UE 104 may perform integrity verification for the first MAC CE using the integrity algorithm and the key KMACint. For example, the UE 104 calculates the X-MAC based on the key KMACint and the integrity algorithm. If the X-MAC (computed MAC-I) corresponds to the received MAC-I, the integrity verification for the first MAC CE succeeds.
[0201] In some implementations, if the integrity verification for the first MAC CE succeeds, the UE 104 may derive KMACenc associated with the ciphering algorithm indicated in the first MAC CE.
[0202] For example, in the above options 1A and 2A, the UE 104 derives the key KMACenc based on KgNB or KxNB and the first counter value. The first count value is provided by the first MAC CE.
[0203] In above options 1B and 2B, the UE 104 derives the key KMACenc based on KRRCenc and the first count value. The first count value is provided by the first MAC CE.
[0204] In the above option 3, the UE 104 derives KDU based on KgNB and the first counter value. And then the UE 104 derives the key KMACenc based on KDU.
[0205] In the above option 4, the UE 104 derives KDU based on KgNB. And then the UE 104 derives the key KMACenc based on KDU and the first counter value.
[0206] In some implementations, if the integrity verification for the first MAC CE succeeds, the UE 104 shall consider security activation for the at least one MAC CE is activated.
[0207] Then, the UE 104 may transmit, to the gNB-DU 210, a third indication indicating that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE is activated. For example, the UE 104 may transmit a Security Activation ACK MAC CE to the gNB-DU 210 to confirm the security protection for the at least one MAC CE has been activated successfully. The Security Activation ACK MAC CE is integrity protected and ciphered by the corresponding keys.
[0208] With continued reference to Fig. 4, the UE 104 may perform 460 integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0209] In turn, the UE 104 transmits 470, to the gNB-DU 210, at least one MAC CE with at least one of integrity protection and encryption.
[0210] Upon receiving the at least one MAC CE, the gNB-DU 210 performs 480 at least one of the integrity verification and decryption.
[0211] Fig. 9 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 900 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 900 may be considered as an example implementation of the process 300. The process 900 may involve the UE 104, the first network node 210 and the second network node 220 in Fig. 2A or 2B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 900 will be described with reference to Fig. 2A or 2B.
[0212] In the process 900, the first network node 210 may be implemented as a gNB-DU 210, and the second network node 220 may be implemented as a gNB-CU 220.
[0213] As shown in Fig. 9, the gNB-DU 210 transmits 910, to the gNB-CU 220, a request for security protection for at least one MAC CE.
[0214] In some implementations, the gNB-DU 210 may determine at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to the security protection. In such implementations, the gNB-DU 210 may transmit, to the gNB-CU 220, a request for security protection for some particular MAC CEs by transmitting, to the gNB-CU 220, the at least one type or logical channel identity (LCID) of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to the security protection.
[0215] The gNB-CU 220 transmits 920, to the UE 104, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE. The information may comprise at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0216] In some implementations, the gNB-CU 220 may transmit an RRC signaling to the UE 104 to activate security protection for the at least one MAC CE. The RRC signaling may comprise the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE.
[0217] In some implementations, the RRC signaling may further comprise at least one of the following: - a first indication indicating to activate the security protection for the at least MAC CE, - a second indication indicating whether only encryption or only integrity protection is applied, - at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection, - a message authentication code for integrity (MAC-I) calculated by the gNB-DU 210, or - a first index of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.
[0218] Upon receiving the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE from the gNB-CU 220, the UE 104 performs the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0219] In some implementations, the UE 104 may derive 930 at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE based on the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE. The action 930 is similar to the action 450 in Fig. 4. Details of this action are omitted for brevity.
[0220] In some implementations, the UE 104 may transmit 940, to the gNB-CU 220, a third indication indicating that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE is activated. For example, the UE 104 may transmit the third indication in an RRC message.
[0221] The gNB-CU 220 may transmit, to the gNB-DU 210, the third indication indicating that the security protection for the at least one MAC CE is activated.
[0222] In addition, the gNB-CU 220 may also transmit 950, to the gNB-DU 210, the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE. The information may comprise at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0223] In some implementations, the information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE may further comprise the first counter value.
[0224] Fig. 10 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 1000 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 1000 may be considered as an example implementation of the process 300. In some implementations, the process 1000 may be performed after the process 400 or 900. The process 1000 may involve the UE 104, the first network node 210 and the second network node 220 in Fig. 2A or 2B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 1000 will be described with reference to Fig. 2A or 2B.
[0225] In the process 1000, the first network node 210 may be implemented as a gNB-DU 210, and the second network node 220 may be implemented as a gNB-CU 220.
[0226] As shown in Fig. 10, the UE 104 performs 1010 integrity protection for an MAC CE based on the integrity key for the MAC CE and an integrity algorithm.
[0227] The UE 104 transmits 1020, to the gNB-DU 210, the MAC CE with integrity protection.
[0228] Upon receiving the MAC CE with integrity protection, the gNB-DU 210 performs 1030 the integrity verification for the MAC CE.
[0229] In some implementations, for an MAC CE with integrity protection, MAC-I is provided at the end of the MAC CE. Upon reception of the MAC CE, the gNB-DU 210shall calculate the X-MAC based on the integrity key and integrity algorithm. If the X-MAC does not correspond to the MAC-I, the integrity verification fails.
[0230] In some implementations, for UL, if the integrity verification fails, the gNB-DU 210 transmits 1040 a fifth indication to the gNB-CU 220 so that the gNB-CU 220 can release the UE 104. The fifth indication indicates failure of the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE. Upon receiving the fifth indication, the gNB-CU 220 may transmit 1050 an RRC release message to the UE 104.
[0231] Alternatively, the gNB-DU 210 may discard the MAC CE and transmits the fifth indication to the gNB-CU 220. The gNB-CU 220 may reconfigure or initialize an intra-cell handover or MAC CE key update procedure towards the UE 104.
[0232] In some implementations, for DL, upon reception of an MAC CE with integrity protection, the UE 104 may perform the integrity verification for the MAC CE. If the integrity verification for the MAC CE fails, the UE 104 may perform RRC Re-establishment procedure. Alternatively, the UE 104 may discard the MAC and transmit the fifth indication to the gNB-DU 210 by an MAC CE or RRC message. The fifth indication indicates failure of the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE.
[0233] In some implementations, if the UE 104 performs mobility procedure from a cell of the first network node 210 to a target cell of the first network node 210 or the second network node 220. In such implementations, the first network node 210 may transmit, to the UE 104, a sixth indication in a handover command message or a cell switch command MAC CE. The sixth indication indicates the UE 104 to change or retain security keys for at least one of the following: ‐ the at least one MAC CE, ‐ the at least one RRC signaling, or ‐ the at least one user plane traffic between the UE 104 and the first network node 210.
[0234] Hereinafter, some implementations of changing or retaining security keys will be described. In such implementations, the first network node 210 may be implemented as a source gNB-DU 210, the second network node 220 may be implemented as a source gNB-CU 220, the third network node 230 may be implemented as a target gNB-DU 230, and the fourth network node 240 may be implemented as a target gNB-CU 240.
[0235] In some implementations, for intra-CU handover, the UE 104 may only change the serving gNB-DU, in which case only MAC is relocated to a new gNB-DU while the RRC / UP is still located in the gNB-CU 220.
[0236] The source gNB-DU 210 may indicate to the UE 104 whether to change or retain the current security keys for at least one MAC CE in a Handover (HO) Command message or Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0237] The source gNB-DU 210 may also indicate to the UE 104 whether to change or retain the current security keys for at least one RRC signaling and / or UP traffic in the HO Command message or Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0238] The source gNB-DU 210 may also indicate to the UE 104 whether to change or retain the current KgNB in the HO Command message or Cell Switch Command MAC CE.Intra-DU handover or LTM
[0239] For example, for intra-DU handover, i.e., both source cell and target cell belong to the same gNB-DU 210, both security keys for at least one MAC CE and security keys for at least one RRC signaling / UP traffic does not need to change. In this case, the source gNB-DU 210 transmits the sixth indication in handover command message or cell switch command MAC CE and the sixth indication indicates the following: - the UE 104 retains the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) ; - the UE 104 retains the current security keys for at least one RRC signaling (i.e., KRRCint and KRRCen) ; and - the UE 104 retains the current security keys for UP traffic (i.e., KUPenc and KUPin) .
[0240] In another example, the gNB-DU 210 indicates to the UE 104 retain all the current security keys.
[0241] In one example, the gNB-DU 210 may assign a first index of current security keys for at least one MAC CE. For example, the first MAC CE for activation of the security protection for at least one MAC CE may comprise the first index. In the handover command message or cell switch command MAC CE, the gNB-DU 210 transmits a second index of new security keys for at least one MAC CE. If the second index in handover command message is the same as the first index, the UE 104 retains the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) . If the second index in handover command message or cell switch command MAC CEis the different from the first index, the UE 104 changes the current security keys for at least one MAC CE.
[0242] In another example, the gNB-DU 210 or the gNB-CU 220 assigns the first counter value for derivation of security keys for at least one MAC CE as described with reference to Figs. 4 to 9. If a second counter value in the handover command message or Cell Switch Command MAC CE is the same with the first counter value, the UE 104 retains the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) . Otherwise, the UE 104 may derive new security keys for at least one MAC CE according to the new counter value.Intra-CU inter-DU handover or LTM
[0243] For example, for inter-DU handover, i.e., the source cell and the target cell belong to the different gNB-DU but the same gNB-CU 220. For example, the source cell belongs to the source gNB-DU 210, and the target cell belong to the target gNB-DU 230 as shown in Fig. 2A. The security keys for at least one MAC CE needs to change while the security keys for at least one RRC signaling / UP traffic does not need to change. In this case, the source gNB-DU 210 transmits the sixth indication in handover command message or cell switch command MAC CE and the sixth indication indicates the following: - the UE 104 changes the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) to further security keys (or new security keys) for at least one MAC CE (i.e., K*MACint and K*MACenc) (hereinafter, the further security keys for at least one MAC CE are also referred to as new security keys for at least one MAC CE) ; and - the UE 104 retains the current security keys for at least one RRC signaling / UP traffic (i.e., KRRCenc and KRRCint, KUPenc and KUPint) .
[0244] In some implementations, one of the following options 1 to 3 may be used to determine the new security keys for at least one MAC CE.
[0245] Option 1: the new security keys for at least one MAC CE is derived from the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) based on a second counter value (e.g., an integer from 0 to 31) . For example, the K*MACint = KDF (KMACint, Counter) , while K*MACen= KDF (KMACenc, Counter) , where K*MACint represents a new integrity key for at least one MAC CE, K*MACenc represents a new encryption key for at least one MAC CE, KDF represents key derivation function, Counter represents the second counter value.
[0246] In this option 1, the source gNB-DU 210 derives the new keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., K*MACint and K*MACenc) and transmits them to the target gNB-DU 230 in a handover request message. The source gNB-DU 210 may have a direct interface with the target gNB-DU 230. The source gNB-DU 210 may transmits the handover request message over the direct interface to the target gNB-DU 230 directly.
[0247] The source gNB-DU 210 transmits the second counter value for derivation of the new security keys for at least one MAC CE to the UE 104. When receives the second counter value for at least one MAC CE, the UE 104 derives the new security keys for at least one MAC CE from the current security keys for at least one MAC CE based on the second counter value.
[0248] Option 2: the new security keys for at least one MAC CE is derived from the current KgNB or KDU based on the second counter value (e.g., an integer from 0 to 31) . For example, K*MACenc = KDF (KgNB, Counter) , while K*MACint= KDF (KgNB, Counter) . For another example, the K*MACenc = KDF (KDU, Counter) , while K*MACint= KDF (KDU, Counter) .
[0249] In this option 2, the source gNB-DU 210 derives the new keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., K*MACint and K*MACenc) and transmits them to the target gNB-DU 230 in a handover request message or the UE context setup request message.
[0250] The source gNB-DU 210 transmits the second counter value for derivation of the new security keys for at least one MAC CE to the UE 104. When receiving the second counter value, the UE 104 derives the new security keys for at least one MAC CE from the current security keys for at least one MAC CE based on the second counter value.
[0251] Alternatively, the KgNB or KDU and the second counter value may be sent to the UE 104 by the gNB-CU 220.
[0252] Option 3: the new security keys for at least one MAC CE is derived from current KgNB or KDU by the target gNB-DU.
[0253] In this option 3, when handover the UE 104 to a target cell of the target gNB-DU 230 is performed, the gNB-CU 220 transmits the current KgNB or KDU and a second counter value to the target gNB-DU 230, e.g, in handover preparation related signalling. The target gNB-DU 230 derives the new security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., K*MACint and K*MACenc) from the current KgNB or KDU based on the second counter value (e.g., an integer from 0 to 31) .
[0254] In another example, the new security keys for at least one MAC CE is derived from a DU ID or an index of DU ID instead of the second counter value.
[0255] For example, the new security keys for at least one MAC CE is derived from the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) based on a DU ID or an index of DU ID. For example, the K*MACint = KDF (KMACint, DU ID) , while K*MACenc= KDF (KMACenc, DU ID, Counter (optional) ) . The DU ID is an ID of the target gNB-DU 230 in case of handover.
[0256] For another example, the new security keys for at least one MAC CE is derived from the current KgNB based on a DU ID or an index of DU ID. For example, the K*MACint = KDF (KgNB, DU ID) , while K*MACen= KDF (KgNB, DU ID) .
[0257] For LTM case, the gNB-CU 220 transmits, to the source gNB-DU 210, further security key information and further security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE in the target cell of the target gNB-DU 230.
[0258] The gNB-CU 220 may also transmit, to the source gNB-DU 210, a second counter value for derivation of the security keys for the at least one MAC CE in the target cell.
[0259] The gNB-CU 220 may also transmit, to the source gNB-DU 210, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to the security protection.
[0260] And then the source gNB-DU 210 includes the information in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE and transmit the information to the UE 104.Inter-CU handover or LTM
[0261] For inter-CU handover, i.e., the source cell and target cell belong to the different gNB-CUs. For example, the source cell belong to the source gNB-CU 220, and the target cell belong to the gNB-CU 240. Both security keys for at least one MAC CE and security keys for at least one RRC signaling / UP traffic need to change. In this case, the source gNB-DU 210 transmits the sixth indication in handover command message and the sixth indication indicates the following: - the UE 104 change the current security keys for at least one MAC CE (i.e., KMACint and KMACenc) ; and - the UE 104 change the current security keys for at least one RRC signaling and UP traffic (i.e., KRRCint and KRRCen, KUPenc and KUPint) ; or - the UE 104 changes the current KgNB.
[0262] The source gNB-CU 220 decides to change the KgNB to K*gNB. K*gNB represents a third key for a RAN node. The source gNB-CU 220 transmits K*gNB to the target gNB-CU 240. The target gNB-CU 240 uses it to derive the new security keys for at least one MAC CE and the new keys for at least one RRC signaling / UP traffic.
[0263] When receiving the sixth indication in the handover command message, the UE 104 derives K*gNB and the UE 104 further uses it to derive the new security keys for at least one MAC CE and the new keys for at least one RRC signaling / UP traffic.
[0264] For LTM case, the source gNB-CU 220 transmits, to the source gNB-DU 210, further security key information and further security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE in the target cell of the target gNB-DU 230.
[0265] The source gNB-CU 220 may also transmit, to the source gNB-DU 210, a second counter value for derivation of the security keys for the at least one MAC CE in the target cell.
[0266] The source gNB-CU 220 may also transmit, to the source gNB-DU 210, at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to the security protection.
[0267] And then the source gNB-DU 210 includes the information in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE and transmit the information to the UE 104.
[0268] Fig. 11 illustrates an example of a device 1100 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1100 may be an example of a network entity 102 or a UE 104 as described herein. The device 1100 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1100 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 1102, a memory 1104, a transceiver 1106, and, optionally, an I / O controller 11011. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0269] The processor 1102, the memory 1104, the transceiver 1106, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 1102, the memory 1104, the transceiver 1106, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0270] In some implementations, the processor 1102, the memory 1104, the transceiver 1106, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1102 and the memory 1104 coupled with the processor 1102 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1102, instructions stored in the memory 1104) .
[0271] For example, the processor 1102 may support wireless communication at the device 1100 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1102 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: receiving, from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; and performing the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0272] Alternatively, the processor 1102 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: determining to activate security protection for at least one MAC CE; and transmitting information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0273] Fig. 12 illustrates an example of a processer 1200 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1200 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1200 may include a controller 1202 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1200 may optionally include at least one memory 1204. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1200 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1206. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0274] The processor 1200 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1200) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0275] The controller 1202 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1200 to cause the processor 1200 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1202 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1200, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1200. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0276] The controller 1202 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1204 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1200 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1202 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1204. The controller 1202 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1202 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1200 to cause the processor 1200 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1202 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1200. The controller 1202 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1200.
[0277] The memory 1204 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1200 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1204 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1200) . In some other implementations, the memory 1204 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1200) .
[0278] The memory 1204 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1200, cause the processor 1200 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1202 and / or the processor 1200 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1204 to cause the processor 1200 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization) . For example, the processor 1200 and / or the controller 1202 may be coupled with or to the memory 1204, the processor 1200, the controller 1202, and the memory 1204 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1200 may include multiple processors and the memory 1204 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0279] The one or more ALUs 1206 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1206 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1200) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1206 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1200) . One or more ALUs 1206 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1206 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1206 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1206 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1206 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0280] For example, the processor 1200 may support wireless communication at the device 1100 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1200 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: receiving, from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; and performing the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.
[0281] Alternatively, the processor 1200 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: determining to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE; and transmitting information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.
[0282] Fig. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1300 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by the first network node 210 or the UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0283] At 1310, the method may include receiving, from a second network node, information related to security protection for at least one MAC CE, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2A or 2B.
[0284] At 1320, the method may include performing the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2A or 2B.
[0285] Fig. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1400 that supports security protection for MAC CE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be performed by the second network node 220 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0286] At 1410, the method may include determining to activate or configure security protection for at least one MAC CE. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2A or 2B.
[0287] At 1420, the method may include transmitting information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE. The operations of 1420 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2A or 2B.
[0288] It shall be noted that implementations of the present disclosure which have been described with reference to Figs. 1 to 10 are also applicable to the device 1100, the processor 1200 as well as the methods 1300 and 1400.
[0289] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0290] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0291] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0292] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0293] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0294] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first communication device, comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, via the transceiver from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one medium access control control element (MAC CE) , wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; andperform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.2.The first communication device of claim 1, wherein the first communication device comprises a first network device and the second communication device comprises a second network node.3.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the security key information comprises at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE; andwherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by at least one of the following:performing encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; andperforming integrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.4.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the security key information comprises a first key for a radio access network (RAN) node, and the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE, wherein the RAN node comprises the first network node and the second network node; andwherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by at least one of the following:deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the first key and the first counter value; andperforming at least one of the following:encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; andintegrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.5.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the security key information comprises at least one of an encryption key for a radio resource control (RRC) signaling and an integrity key for the RRC signaling, and the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE; andwherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by at least one of the following:deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the integrity key for the RRC signaling and the first counter value; andperforming at least one of the following:encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; andintegrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.6.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the security key information comprises a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE, the second key is derived from a first key for a radio access network (RAN) node, the RAN node comprises the first network node and the second network node; andwherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by:deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the second key; andperforming at least one of the following:encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; andintegrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.7.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the security key information comprises a second key used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE, the second key is derived from a first key for a radio access network (RAN) node, the RAN node comprises the first network node and the second network node and the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE; andwherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by:deriving at least one of an encryption key for the at least one MAC CE and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from the second key and the first counter value; andperforming at least one of the following:encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; andintegrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.8.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by:performing integrity protection for a first MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information; andwherein the processor is further configured to:transmit the first MAC CE via the transceiver to a user equipment (UE) , wherein the first MAC CE comprises the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE.9.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the information related to security protection for the at least MAC CE further comprises at least one of the following:a first indication indicating to activate the security protection for the at least MAC CE,a second indication indicating whether only encryption or only integrity protection is applied,at least one type or logical channel identity of the at least one MAC CE that are subjected to security protection,a message authentication code for integrity (MAC-I) , ora first index of security keys for the at least one MAC CE.10.The first communication device of claim 2, wherein the processor is further configured to receive the at least one MAC CE from a user equipment (UE) ;wherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by:performing integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information; andwherein the processor is further configured to:based on determining that the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE fails, performing at least one of the following:transmitting a fifth indication via the transceiver to the second network node, wherein the fifth indication indicates failure of the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE; ordiscarding the at least one MAC CE.11.The first communication device of claim 1, wherein the first communication device comprises a user equipment (UE) and the second communication device comprises a second network node.12.The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE further comprises a first counter value used for derivation of security keys for the at least one MAC CE; andwherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by:deriving at least one of an encryption key and an integrity key for the at least one MAC CE from a first key for a radio access network (RAN) node and the first counter value; andperforming at least one of the following:encryption or decryption for the at least one MAC CE based on the encryption key and the security algorithm information; andintegrity protection or integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the integrity key and the security algorithm information.13.The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to perform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE by:performing integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information; andwherein the processor is further configured to:based on determining that the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE fails, performing at least one of the following:a radio resource control (RRC) re-establishment procedure;transmitting, via the transceiver to a first network node, a fifth indication indicating failure of the integrity verification for the at least one MAC CE; ordiscarding the at least one MAC CE.14.The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, via the transceiver from a first network node, a sixth indication in a handover command message or a cell switch command MAC CE, wherein the sixth indication indicates the UE to change or retain security keys for at least one of the following:the at least one MAC CE,the at least one radio resource control (RRC) signaling,the at least one user plane traffic between the UE and the first network node; andchange or retain the security keys based on the sixth indication.15.The first communication device of claim 14, wherein the sixth indication comprises a second index of the security keys or a second counter value for derivation of further security keys for the at least one MAC CE.16.The first communication device of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to change or retain the security keys based on the sixth indication by:based on determining that the second index of the security keys is the same as a first index of the security keys, retaining the security keys, wherein the first index of the security keys was previously assigned by the first network node; andbased on determining that the second index of the security keys is different from the first index of the security keys, changing the security keys.17.The first communication device of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to change or retain the security keys based on the sixth indication by:based on determining that the second counter value is the same as a first counter value for derivation of the security keys, retaining the security keys, wherein the first counter value was previously received by the first network node; andbased on determining that the second counter value is different from the first counter value for derivation of the security keys, changing the security keys.18.A second communication device, comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:determine to activate security protection for at least one medium access control control element (MAC CE) ; andtransmit information related to security protection for the at least one MAC CE via the transceiver to a first communication device, wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE.19.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:receive, via a transceiver from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one medium access control control element (MAC CE) , wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; andperform the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.20.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving, from a second communication device, information related to security protection for at least one medium access control control element (MAC CE) , wherein the information comprises at least one of security key information and security algorithm information for security protection for the at least one MAC CE; andperforming the security protection for the at least one MAC CE based on the security key information and the security algorithm information.