Bogie frame, assembly method and bogie
By designing a bogie frame that includes side beams, end beams, cross beams, and traction beams, the problem of poor load-bearing performance was solved, and higher structural strength and stability were achieved, making it suitable for railway freight cars.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRRC ZHUZHOU ROLLING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-11
AI Technical Summary
The bogie frame of railway freight cars has poor load-bearing capacity.
Design a bogie frame including two side beams, end beams, a first crossbeam, a traction beam, and two second crossbeams. A stable structure is formed by welding, the connection points of the traction beams are increased to improve structural strength, and a specific assembly method is used to ensure the accuracy of the relative positions of each component.
The overall stability and load-bearing capacity of the bogie have been improved, enabling it to support heavier cargo boxes, reduce deformation, and ensure uniform stress distribution and tensile strength.
Smart Images
Figure CN2025116914_11062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Bogie frame, assembly method and bogie
[0001] Cross-reference to related applications
[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2024117888593, filed on December 6, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0003] This disclosure relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, and more particularly to a bogie frame, assembly method, and bogie. Background Technology
[0004] The bogie of a railway freight car includes the frame, wheelset assembly, traction drive unit, spring transmission unit, basic braking unit, vibration damping unit, and equalization unit.
[0005] The bogie frame is the skeleton of the bogie and one of the key components. It is also the mounting base for other bogie components and plays a role in transmitting traction force, braking force, width force and vertical force during the traction operation of the locomotive.
[0006] Among related technologies, the load-bearing capacity of the structure is relatively poor. Summary of the Invention
[0007] By utilizing one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the technical problem of poor load-bearing performance of bogie frames can be solved to a certain extent. Therefore, this disclosure provides a bogie frame, an assembly method, and a bogie.
[0008] In a first aspect, a steering architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
[0009] It consists of two side beams, which are arranged opposite to each other.
[0010] An end beam assembly is disposed between and connected to the two side beam assemblies, and the end beam assembly is used to install the coupler buffer device;
[0011] The first crossbeam is disposed between the two side beams opposite to the end beam and connected to the two side beams.
[0012] A traction beam assembly is disposed between and connected to the two side beam assemblies, and disposed between and connected to the first crossbeam assembly and the first crossbeam assembly. The traction beam assembly is used to mount the lower center plate.
[0013] Two second crossbeams are respectively disposed between the two side beams and the traction beam, and are respectively connected to the side beams and the traction beam.
[0014] In a second aspect, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for assembling a bogie frame as described in the first aspect above includes:
[0015] Positioning marks are machined on both of the aforementioned side beam components;
[0016] The side beam assembly, the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly are placed on the support seat of the assembled tire in relative positions;
[0017] Adjust the relative position of the two side beams according to the positioning marks, and position and press the side beams onto the support of the assembled tire using the clamping member of the assembled tire;
[0018] Adjust the relative positions of the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly, and position and press the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly onto the support seat of the assembled tire using the clamping device of the assembled tire; and
[0019] Weld the traction beam assembly and the side beam assembly, the traction beam assembly and the second crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly and the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly and the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly and the side beam assembly, the second crossbeam assembly and the side beam assembly, and the end beam assembly and the side beam assembly.
[0020] In a third aspect, a bogie according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the bogie frame described in the first aspect above. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0022] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a bogie according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0023] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a steering frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0024] Figure 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of a bogie frame with the reinforcing beams concealed according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0025] Figure 4 shows a front view of an assembled tire according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0026] Figure 5 shows a top view of an assembled tire according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0027] Figure 6 shows a left view of an assembled tire according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0028] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the side beam assembly after machining the center line in the width direction, the center line in the length direction, and punching holes according to the present disclosure.
[0029] Reference numerals: 1000-Bogie, 100-Bogie frame, 110-Side beam assembly, 120-End beam assembly, 130-First crossbeam assembly, 140-Traction beam assembly, 141-First connecting part, 142-Second connecting part, 143-Lower center plate fixing structure, 150-Second crossbeam assembly, 160-Reinforcing beam, 170-Lower tie rod seat, 200-Lower center plate, 300-Coupled buffer device, 2000-Assembled tire, 2100-Base, 2200-Support seat, 2300-Mass frame, 2310-First support column, 2320-Second support column, 2320a-Limiting groove, 2330-Limiting post, 2400-Clamping component. Embodiments of the present invention
[0030] The following will describe some embodiments of this disclosure clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
[0031] It should be noted that all directional indications in this embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.
[0032] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.
[0033] Furthermore, in this disclosure, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this disclosure.
[0034] In related technologies, bogie frames suffer from poor load-bearing performance. A bogie frame, assembly method, and bogie according to embodiments of this disclosure can at least partially solve the problem of poor load-bearing performance in bogie frames.
[0035] The technical solutions of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0036] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the bogie frame 100 includes an end beam assembly 120, a first crossbeam assembly 130, a traction beam assembly 140, two side beam assemblies 110, and two second crossbeam assemblies 150. The two side beam assemblies 110 are arranged opposite to each other. The end beam assembly 120 is located between and connected to the two side beam assemblies 110, and is used to mount the coupler buffer device 300. The first crossbeam assembly 130 is located opposite to the end beam assembly 120 between and connected to the two side beam assemblies 110. The traction beam assembly 140 is located between and connected to the two side beam assemblies 110, and is also located between the end beam assembly 120 and the first crossbeam assembly 130, connecting the first crossbeam assembly 130 and the end beam assembly 120. The traction beam assembly 140 is used to mount the lower center plate 200. Two second crossbeams 150 are respectively disposed between the two side beams 110 and the traction beam 140, and are respectively connected to the side beams 110 and the traction beam 140.
[0037] The wheelset assembly, traction drive assembly, spring transmission assembly, basic braking assembly, vibration damping assembly, equalization assembly, etc. of the bogie 1000 can be connected to the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, the two side beam assemblies 110 or the two second crossbeam assemblies 150, and are not limited in this disclosure.
[0038] Two side beam assemblies 110 are arranged opposite each other, with a certain distance between them. An end beam assembly 120 is positioned between the two side beam assemblies 110, with one end of the end beam assembly 120 fixedly connected to one of the side beam assemblies 110 and the other end fixedly connected to the other side beam assemblies 110. A first crossbeam assembly 130 and an end beam assembly 120 are spaced apart along the length of the side beam assemblies 110. The first crossbeam assembly 130 is positioned between the two side beam assemblies 110, with one end of the first crossbeam assembly 130 fixedly connected to one of the side beam assemblies 110 and the other end fixedly connected to the other side beam assemblies 110. An end beam assembly 140 is also positioned between the two side beam assemblies 110, with one end fixedly connected to one of the side beam assemblies 110 and the other end fixedly connected to the other side beam assemblies 110. The traction beam assembly 140 is also located between the end beam assembly 120 and the first crossbeam assembly 130, with one end fixedly connected to the end beam assembly 120 and the other end fixedly connected to the first crossbeam assembly 130. Two second crossbeam assemblies 150 are provided, located on both sides of the traction beam assembly 140, as shown in Figure 2. One is located on the front side of the traction beam assembly 140, fixedly connecting the traction beam assembly 140 to the front side beam assembly 110; the other is located on the rear side of the traction beam assembly 140, fixedly connecting the traction beam assembly 140 to the rear side beam assembly 110.
[0039] The bogie frame 100 includes an end beam assembly 120, a first crossbeam assembly 130, a traction beam assembly 140, two side beam assemblies 110, and two second crossbeam assemblies 150. The end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, and the traction beam assembly 140 are all positioned between and connected to the two side beam assemblies 110. The traction beam assembly 140 is connected not only to the side beam assemblies 110 but also to the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, and the two second crossbeam assemblies 150. The second crossbeam assemblies 150 are also connected to the side beam assemblies 110. This design improves the overall stability, structural strength, and load-bearing capacity of the bogie frame 100, enabling it to support heavier cargo boxes and other loads. The traction beam assembly 140 is connected not only to the side beam assemblies 110 but also to the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, and the two second crossbeam assemblies 150. This design results in higher structural strength and better support performance for the traction beam assembly 140. Therefore, the lower center plate 200 can be mounted on the traction beam assembly 140, which is less prone to deformation under stress, providing better support for objects such as cargo boxes located above it. This design also improves the tensile strength of the bogie frame 100, with the coupler buffer device 300 positioned on the end beam assembly 120. When the end beam assembly 120 is pulled, the tension on the traction beam can be transferred to the traction beam assembly 140 and the side beam assembly 110, and then further transferred through these components to the first crossbeam assembly 130 and the two second crossbeam assemblies 150. This results in more even stress distribution throughout the bogie frame 100, reducing the likelihood of deformation.
[0040] As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments, the traction beam assembly 140 includes a first connecting portion 141 and two second connecting portions 142. The first connecting portion 141 extends along the length direction of the side beam assembly 110, and its two ends are connected to the end beam assembly 120 and the first crossbeam assembly 130, respectively. The two second connecting portions 142 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first connecting portion 141 and located between the second crossbeam assembly 150 and the first crossbeam assembly 130. Both second connecting portions 142 are connected to the first connecting portion 141 and are respectively connected to the two side beam assemblies 110.
[0041] In other words, the length direction of the first connecting part 141 is parallel to the length direction of the side beam assembly 110. Along the length direction of the first connecting part 141, one end of the first connecting part 141 is connected to the end beam assembly 120, and the other end is connected to the first crossbeam assembly 130. The two second connecting parts 142 are arranged opposite to each other and are located on both sides of the first connecting part 141, and both second connecting parts 142 are located between the second crossbeam assembly 150 and the first crossbeam assembly 130. As shown in Figure 2, one second connecting part 142 is located on the front side of the first connecting part 141, and the other second connecting part 142 is located on the rear side of the first connecting part 141. The second connecting part 142 located on the front side is fixedly connected to the first connecting part 141 and the side beam assembly 110 located on the front side, and the second connecting part 142 located on the rear side is fixedly connected to the first connecting part 141 and the side beam assembly 110 located on the rear side. With this design, the traction beam assembly 140 is in a cross shape, and along the length of the side beam assembly 110, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the second connecting part 142, the second crossbeam assembly 150, and the end beam assembly 120 are arranged sequentially. The second connecting part 142 strengthens the structural strength between the first crossbeam assembly 130 and the second crossbeam assembly 150, which helps to ensure that the bogie frame 100 bears the load evenly. The first connecting part 141 connects the first crossbeam assembly 130, the second connecting part 142, the second crossbeam assembly 150, and the end beam assembly 120 in sequence, ensuring the overall structural strength of the bogie frame 100.
[0042] In some embodiments, a lower center plate fixing structure 143 is provided on the first connecting portion 141, and the lower center plate fixing structure 143 is located in the area where the first connecting portion 141 and the second connecting portion 142 intersect. The lower center plate 200 can be fixed on the lower center plate fixing structure 143 and located in the area where the first connecting portion 141 and the second connecting portion 142 intersect. With this design, the lower center plate 200 is located in the middle area of the bogie frame 100. The pressure applied by the upper center plate to the lower center plate 200 can be transmitted through the traction beam assembly 140 to the first crossbeam assembly 130, the second crossbeam assembly 150, the end beam assembly 120, and the side beam assembly 110. The bogie frame 100 is subjected to more uniform force and has better support stability.
[0043] In some embodiments, the length directions of the second connecting portion 142, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the second crossbeam assembly 150, and the end beam assembly 120 are all perpendicular to the length direction of the side beam assembly 110.
[0044] In some embodiments, along the length of the end beam assembly 120, a first connecting portion 141 is connected to the middle of the end beam assembly 120, and the coupler buffer device 300 is also installed at the middle of the end beam assembly 120. This design helps to reduce the deformation of the end beam assembly 120 when the traction bogie frame 100 is in operation.
[0045] In some embodiments, the bogie frame 100 further includes a reinforcing beam 160 disposed between two side beam assemblies 110 and located on the side of the first crossbeam assembly 130 away from the traction beam assembly 140, and the reinforcing beam 160 is connected to the two side beam assemblies 110.
[0046] One end of the reinforcing beam 160 is fixedly connected to one of the side beam assemblies 110, and the other end is fixedly connected to another side beam assembly 110. The design of the reinforcing beam 160 improves the structural strength of the bogie frame 100, resulting in better stability and load-bearing capacity. The reinforcing beam 160 is positioned on the side of the first crossbeam assembly 130 away from the traction beam assembly 140, thus keeping it away from the end beam assembly 120. This prevents the reinforcing beam 160 from interfering with the installation of the coupler buffer device 300 or the connection between adjacent coupler buffer devices 300.
[0047] In some embodiments, the bogie frame 100 further includes a pull rod seat 170, which is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the side beam assembly 110. The pull rod seat 170 can be used to position the axle box of the wheelset assembly of the bogie 1000, and its structure varies and is not limited in this disclosure.
[0048] In some embodiments, four pull rod seats 170 are provided, two of which are provided on each side beam assembly 110.
[0049] Based on the same inventive concept, a bogie 1000 according to an embodiment of this disclosure includes the aforementioned bogie frame 100. The bogie 1000 may further include wheelset assembly, traction drive assembly, spring drive assembly, basic braking assembly, vibration damping assembly, equalizing assembly, etc., which can be mounted on the bogie frame 100. Since the bogie 1000 includes the bogie frame 100, it naturally possesses all the beneficial effects of the bogie frame 100, which will not be elaborated upon here.
[0050] Based on the same inventive concept, an assembly method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is used to assemble the above-mentioned bogie frame 100. The method includes steps S100, S200, S300, S400, S500, S600 and S700.
[0051] In S100, positioning marks are machined on both side beams 110.
[0052] Positioning marks are machined on both side beam assemblies 110 to facilitate positioning of the side beam assemblies 110 in subsequent processes, ensuring the accuracy of their relative positions. The positioning marks can be machined punch holes, chalk marks, or stickers affixed to the side beam assemblies 110, etc., and are not limited in this disclosure.
[0053] Step S100 may include S110 and S120.
[0054] In S110, the center lines in the width direction and the center lines in the length direction are machined on the two side beam components 110, as shown in Figure 7. Specifically, the center lines in the width direction and the center lines in the length direction are machined on the upper end face of the side beam component 110. The center lines in the width direction and the center lines in the length direction can be drawn using a three-dimensional scribing instrument.
[0055] In S120, two punched holes are machined on the centerline of the width direction, with the centerline of the length direction as the centerline of symmetry. The punched holes serve as positioning marks, as shown in Figure 7. A punched hole is a circular hole, which can be either a through hole or a blind hole. Two punched holes are machined on each side beam assembly 110. Both punched holes are located on the centerline of the width direction and are symmetrical about the centerline of the length direction.
[0056] In S200, the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140 and second crossbeam assembly 150 are placed on the support 2200 of the assembly tire 2000 in relative positions.
[0057] That is, two side beam assemblies 110 are placed on the support base 2200 and arranged opposite to each other. A traction beam assembly 140 is placed on the support base 2200 and located between the two side beam assemblies 110. A second crossbeam assembly 150 is placed on the support base 2200 and located between the traction beam assembly 140 and the side beam assemblies 110. A first crossbeam assembly 130 is placed on the assembly tire 2000 and located between the two side beam assemblies 110 and at one end of the traction beam assembly 140. An end beam is placed on the assembly tire 2000 and located between the two side beam assemblies 110 and at the other end of the traction beam assembly 140.
[0058] In S300, the relative positions of the two side beam components 110 are adjusted according to the positioning marks, and the side beam components 110 are positioned and pressed onto the support seat 2200 of the assembly tire 2000 by the clamping member 2400 of the assembly tire 2000.
[0059] After the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 are initially placed on the support seat 2200 of the assembly tire 2000 according to their relative positions, the relative positions of the two side beam assemblies 110 are precisely adjusted according to the positioning marks to ensure that the spacing and parallelism between the two side beam assemblies 110 meet the design requirements. After the relative positions of the two side beam assemblies 110 are adjusted to meet the design requirements, the action of the clamping member 2400 of the assembly tire 2000 can be controlled to clamp the side beam assemblies 110, preventing the side beam assemblies 110 from moving in subsequent processes, thus ensuring the accurate relative positions of the two side beam assemblies 110.
[0060] The relative positions of the two side beams 110 can be adjusted so that the spacing between the two sets of punched holes located diagonally is equal to a set value, thus ensuring that the relative positions of the two side beams 110 meet the design requirements. Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, the relative positions of the two side beams 110 are adjusted so that the spacing between punched holes 1 and 3 is equal to the spacing between punched holes 2 and 4, and this spacing is equal to the set value. In this way, the four punched holes form a rectangle, with the line connecting punched holes 1 and 2 parallel to the line connecting punched holes 3 and 4, making the center lines of the two side beams 110 parallel in the width direction, and the line connecting punched holes 1 and 4 parallel to the line connecting punched holes 2 and 3, making the center lines of the two side beams 110 collinear in the length direction, and thus ensuring that the two ends of the length of the two side beams 110 are aligned. The distance between punch 1 and punch 3 is equal to the distance between punch 2 and punch 4, and this distance is equal to the set value, so that the distance between the center lines of the width direction of the two side beams 110 satisfies the set value.
[0061] In S400, the relative positions of the adjusting end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 are adjusted and the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 are positioned and pressed onto the support seat 2200 of the assembly tire 2000 by the clamping member 2400 of the assembly tire 2000.
[0062] After the side beam assembly 110 is clamped and fixed, the positions of the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 can be precisely adjusted according to the position of the side beam assembly 110 and the relative positions between the various components, so that the relative positions between the side beam assembly 110, the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 meet the design requirements. After the adjustment is completed, the action of the clamping component 2400 of the assembly jig 2000 can be controlled so that the clamping component 2400 clamps the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150, preventing the clamping end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 from moving in subsequent processes. The end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 can be adjusted individually. After adjusting one assembly, it is tightened, and then the next assembly is adjusted. The end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 can also be adjusted together. After adjustment, the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 are tightened together.
[0063] In S500, the following components are welded: traction beam assembly 140 and side beam assembly 110; traction beam assembly 140 and second crossbeam assembly 150; traction beam assembly 140 and first crossbeam assembly 130; traction beam assembly 140 and end beam assembly 120; first crossbeam assembly 130 and side beam assembly 110; second crossbeam assembly 150 and side beam assembly 110; and end beam assembly 120 and side beam assembly 110.
[0064] After step S400 is completed, the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 are all clamped by the clamping parts 2400 of the assembly jig 2000, and the relative positional relationship of the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 meets the design requirements. After clamping, the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 can be welded to fix them, so that the positional relationship of each component of the processed bogie frame 100 meets the design requirements.
[0065] The structure of the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 is not limited in this disclosure. In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cross-sections of the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 are all U-shaped, and are box-shaped parts.
[0066] After the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140 and second crossbeam assembly 150 are all pressed onto the support seat 2200, butt welds and fillet welds are formed between the two components to be welded.
[0067] Specifically, step S500 includes S510, S520, S530, S540, S550, S560, and S570.
[0068] In S510, tack welding is performed on the weld seam. Tack welding fixes the components together, ensuring that the relative positions of the components do not change during subsequent welding processes, thus facilitating subsequent welding.
[0069] In S520, the butt weld is welded on the front side, that is, the butt weld that is currently facing upwards and can be welded.
[0070] In S530, the clamping member 2400 of the control assembly tire 2000 is activated, causing the clamping member 2400 to release the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150. After release, the bogie frame 100 can be flipped using a lifting device or the like.
[0071] In step S540, the bogie frame 100 is horizontally flipped to weld the butt welds on the back side. Horizontal flipping means flipping 180°, resulting in the state shown in Figure 3. Before flipping, the bogie frame 100 is in the state shown in Figure 2. In step S420, the back welds are located on the lower side and facing downwards, making them unweldable in step S520. After the horizontal flipping in step S540, the unweldable butt welds face upwards, allowing them to be welded. If the back butt welds have already been welded in step S520, these welds must be cleaned before welding to ensure weld quality. At this point, all butt welds of the bogie frame 100 have been completed.
[0072] In the S550, the bogie frame 100 is rotated 90° so that the fillet welds are horizontal.
[0073] In S560, fillet welds are welded on the front side, that is, fillet welds that are currently facing upwards and can be welded.
[0074] In S570, the bogie frame 100 is rotated 180° so that the fillet welds that could not be welded at the bottom in step S560 are facing upwards, and these fillet welds are welded, thus completing the welding of the fillet welds and butt welds.
[0075] Before performing butt welds, arc-starting plates can be added to both ends of the butt weld joint, that is, arc-starting plates can be added at the start and end points of the weld joint to improve the weld quality. In addition, before performing butt welds, permanent backing plates can be placed below the bevel to strengthen the strength and stability of the welded joint.
[0076] In some embodiments, the bogie frame 100 is made of WeldoX960E high-strength low-alloy fine-grained structural steel, which has the characteristics of high strength and good toughness.
[0077] In some embodiments, the welding is performed using gas metal arc welding, wherein the mixed gas includes Ar and CO2, and Ar:CO2 = 80%:20%, and the welding wire diameter is 1.2 mm.
[0078] In some embodiments, the welding wire grade is CARBOFIL FK-1000.
[0079] In some embodiments, the bogie frame 100 is connected to the negative electrode (cathode) and the welding gun is connected to the positive electrode (anode), i.e., DC reverse connection, to ensure the stability of the welding process and the welding quality.
[0080] In some embodiments, the welding process parameters are: welding current of 210-240A, welding voltage of 22-26V, and welding heat input ≤0.6KJ / mm.
[0081] The welding process parameters ensure weld quality. Tests have verified that when the bogie frame 100 is made of WeldoX960E high-strength low-alloy fine-grained structural steel, the quality of the butt welds of each component of the bogie frame 100 meets the ultrasonic testing Class I standard of standard NB / T 47013.3 and the magnetic particle testing Class I standard of standard NB / T 47013.4-2015. The quality of the fillet welds also meets the magnetic particle testing Class I standard of standard NB / T 47013.4-2015.
[0082] In some embodiments, the welding employs a multi-layer, multi-pass welding process. Before welding, the welding area is preheated at a temperature controlled between 80 and 100°C. During the welding process, the interpass temperature is controlled at 80–100°C.
[0083] Both butt welds and fillet welds employ a multi-layer, multi-pass welding process. Preheating of the welding area is necessary before welding both butt welds and fillet welds. During the welding process, interpass temperature control is crucial. Maintaining the preheating temperature between 80 and 100°C reduces thermal stress and deformation during welding, improves the fusion quality between the weld metal and the base metal, prevents welding cracks, and enhances the mechanical properties of the weld joint. Preheating ensures the welding area reaches a suitable temperature, slowing down the cooling rate and facilitating the complete melting and mixing of the welding materials, thus ensuring weld quality. Interpass temperature control ensures that each weld layer remains within a suitable temperature range before the next layer is welded during multi-layer welding. Maintaining the interpass temperature between 80 and 100°C helps reduce welding stress and deformation, improves weld fusion quality and mechanical properties, and prevents welding defects such as cracks and lack of fusion caused by excessively high or low temperatures, guaranteeing the overall quality and stability of multi-layer welding.
[0084] In some embodiments, the bevel gap of the butt weld is 2mm-3mm, and arc-starting plates made of WeldoX960E are added to both ends of the butt weld, and a permanent backing plate made of WeldoX960E is added to the back of the bevel.
[0085] In some embodiments, the butt weld with a plate thickness of 12mm has 4 layers and 7 passes on the front side, and the butt weld with a plate thickness of 16mm has 5 layers and 11 passes on the front side. In some embodiments, the fillet weld with a plate thickness of 12mm has a weld radius of 7mm and has 4 layers and 7 passes. In some embodiments, the fillet weld with a plate thickness of 16mm has a weld radius of 6mm and has 5 layers and 7 passes.
[0086] In S600, after welding is completed, the weld seams undergo flaw detection. Specifically, butt welds are inspected using ultrasonic testing combined with magnetic particle testing, while fillet welds are inspected using magnetic particle testing to check whether the welding quality of butt welds and fillet welds is up to standard. If the weld quality is unsatisfactory, it is repaired by methods such as re-welding or weld cutting until the weld quality is acceptable. If the weld quality is still unsatisfactory, the excess weld height is removed until it is flush with the base material and has a smooth transition. At the same time, the arc-starting plate is removed, and the weld ends are ground smooth after removal.
[0087] In S700, the welds undergo spectral aging treatment for 40-45 minutes. Specifically, if the weld quality is acceptable, spectral aging treatment is performed to eliminate welding stress and improve the strength and toughness of the bogie frame 100.
[0088] In the embodiment where the bogie frame 100 includes a pull rod seat 170, after step S500 is completed, a three-dimensional scribing instrument is used to scribing the assembly lines of each pull rod seat 170 on the lower end face of the two side beam components 110, and assembly dimension lines corresponding to the side beam components 110 are scribing on each pull rod seat 170. Each pull rod seat 170 is assembled with the frame according to the assembly lines. After the assembly dimensions are inspected and found to be qualified, welding is performed so that the pull rod seat 170 is fixed on the side beam components 110.
[0089] In the embodiment where the bogie 1000 includes a reinforcing beam 160, during step S200, the reinforcing beam 160 is simultaneously placed between the two side beam assemblies 110; during step S400, the position of the reinforcing beam 160 is adjusted; and during step S500, the reinforcing beam 160 is also welded. The reinforcing beam 160 can be supported by the support seat 2200 of the assembly jig 2000, or it can be supported by a separate support member, which is not limited in this disclosure.
[0090] As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, in some embodiments, the assembly tire 2000 includes a base 2100, a support 2200, a gantry 2300, and a clamping member 2400. The support 2200 is disposed on the base 2100 and is used to support the side beam assembly 110, the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150. The gantry 2300 is mounted on the base 2100. The clamping member 2400 is mounted on the gantry 2300 and is located between the gantry 2300 and the support 2200. The clamping member 2400 can move toward the support 2200 to clamp the side beam assembly 110, the end beam assembly 120, the first crossbeam assembly 130, the traction beam assembly 140, and the second crossbeam assembly 150 located on the support 2200.
[0091] The base 2100 supports the gantry 2300 and the support base 2200, both of which are fixedly connected to the base 2100. When using the assembly jig 2000, the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 are all placed on and supported by the support base 2200. The gantry 2300 supports the clamping member 2400, positioning it above the support base 2200. The clamping member 2400 can move towards the support base 2200, thereby clamping the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140, and second crossbeam assembly 150 located on the support base 2200.
[0092] In some embodiments, the gantry 2300 includes a first support column 2310, a second support column 2320, and a limiting column 2330. The lower ends of both the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320 are fixedly connected to the base 2100. A clamping member 2400 is installed on the limiting column 2330, which is located between the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320. One end of the limiting column 2330 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first support column 2310. A limiting groove 2320a is formed on the second support column 2320. The limiting column 2330 has a clamping position located on the support base 2200 with its other end located in the limiting groove 2320a, and a lifting position not located on the support base 2200. The clamping member 2400 is installed on the limiting column 2330. In other words, the limiting post 2330 can rotate around the first support post 2310. The limiting post 2330 can rotate to a pressing position where its other end is located within the limiting groove 2320a and is limited by the limiting groove 2320a. The limiting post 2330 can also rotate to a position where its other end is located within the limiting groove 2320a, and the limiting post 2330 is not located in any of the hoisting positions on the support base 2200. With this design, before hoisting the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, etc., onto the support base 2200, the limiting post 2330 can be rotated to a hoisting position not located on the support base 2200, so as to avoid the limiting post 2330 interfering with the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, etc., and to facilitate the hoisting of the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, etc.
[0093] In some embodiments, the gantry 2300 includes a first support column 2310, a second support column 2320, and a limiting column 2330. The lower ends of both the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320 are fixedly connected to the base 2100. A clamping member 2400 is installed on the limiting column 2330, which is located between the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320. The two ends of the limiting column 2330 are detachably connected to the upper ends of the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320 by means of bolts or other methods. With this design, before hoisting the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, etc., onto the support base 2200, the limiting column 2330 can be removed from the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320 to avoid interference from the limiting column 2330 with the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, etc., thus facilitating the hoisting of the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, etc.
[0094] In some embodiments, four masts 2300 are provided, each located above the end beam assembly 120, the second crossbeam assembly 150, the second connecting portion 142, and the first crossbeam assembly 130. One end of the second support column 2320 of the mast 2300 located above the end beam assembly 120 and the first crossbeam assembly 130 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first support column 2310, and the other end is located within the limiting groove 2320a of the second support column 2320. Both ends of the second support column 2320 of the mast 2300 located above the second crossbeam assembly 150 and the second connecting portion 142 are detachably connected to the upper ends of the first support column 2310 and the second support column 2320, respectively.
[0095] In some embodiments, the clamping member 2400 is a hydraulic cylinder, which clamps the side beam assembly 110, end beam assembly 120, first crossbeam assembly 130, traction beam assembly 140 and second crossbeam assembly 150 on the support seat 2200 via the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.
[0096] In a first aspect, a steering architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
[0097] It consists of two side beams, which are arranged opposite to each other.
[0098] An end beam assembly is disposed between and connected to the two side beam assemblies, and the end beam assembly is used to install the coupler buffer device;
[0099] The first crossbeam is disposed between the two side beams opposite to the end beam and connected to the two side beams.
[0100] A traction beam assembly is disposed between and connected to the two side beam assemblies, and disposed between and connected to the first crossbeam assembly and the first crossbeam assembly. The traction beam assembly is used to mount the lower center plate.
[0101] Two second crossbeams are respectively disposed between the two side beams and the traction beam, and are respectively connected to the side beams and the traction beam.
[0102] In some embodiments, the traction beam comprises:
[0103] A first connecting portion extends along the length of the side beam assembly, and both ends of the first connecting portion are respectively connected to the end beam assembly and the first crossbeam assembly; and
[0104] Two second connecting parts are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first connecting part and located between the second crossbeam assembly and the first crossbeam assembly. Both second connecting parts are connected to the first connecting part and are respectively connected to the two side beam assemblies.
[0105] In some embodiments, the steering architecture further includes:
[0106] A reinforcing beam is disposed between the two side beam assemblies and located on the side of the first crossbeam assembly away from the traction beam assembly, the reinforcing beam being connected to the two side beam assemblies.
[0107] In a second aspect, a method for assembling a steering frame as described in the first aspect according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
[0108] Positioning marks are machined on both of the aforementioned side beam components;
[0109] The side beam assembly, the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly are placed on the support seat of the assembled tire in relative positions;
[0110] Adjust the relative position of the two side beams according to the positioning marks, and position and press the side beams onto the support of the assembled tire using the clamping member of the assembled tire;
[0111] Adjust the relative positions of the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly, and position and press the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly onto the support seat of the assembled tire using the clamping device of the assembled tire; and
[0112] Weld the traction beam assembly and the side beam assembly, the traction beam assembly and the second crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly and the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly and the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly and the side beam assembly, the second crossbeam assembly and the side beam assembly, and the end beam assembly and the side beam assembly.
[0113] In some embodiments, machining positioning marks on the two side beam components includes:
[0114] The width direction centerline and the length direction centerline are respectively machined on the two side beams; and
[0115] Two punched holes are machined on the center line of the width direction with the center line of the length direction as the center line of symmetry. The punched holes are the positioning marks.
[0116] In some embodiments, adjusting the relative position of the two side beams according to the positioning marks includes:
[0117] Adjust the relative position of the two side beams so that the spacing between the two sets of punch holes located diagonally is equal to the set value.
[0118] In some embodiments, the assembled tire includes:
[0119] Base;
[0120] A support base is disposed on the base and is used to support the side beam assembly, the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly;
[0121] The gantry, mounted on the base; and
[0122] A clamping member is installed on the gantry and located between the gantry and the support base. The clamping member is movable toward the support base to clamp the side beam assembly, the end beam assembly, the first crossbeam assembly, the traction beam assembly, and the second crossbeam assembly located on the support base.
[0123] In some embodiments, the welding is performed using a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) system, wherein the GMAW system comprises Ar and CO2, with Ar:CO2 = 80%:20%, and the welding wire diameter is 1.2 mm.
[0124] In some embodiments, the welding process parameters are: welding current of 210-240A, welding voltage of 22-26V, and welding heat input ≤0.6KJ / mm.
[0125] In some embodiments, the welding adopts a multi-layer, multi-pass welding process. Before welding, the welding area is preheated, and the preheating temperature is controlled at 80-100°C. During the welding process, the interpass temperature is controlled at 80-100°C.
[0126] In some embodiments, the assembly method further includes: performing spectral aging treatment on the weld after welding, wherein the spectral aging treatment time is 40-45 minutes.
[0127] In a third aspect, a bogie according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the bogie frame described in the first aspect above.
[0128] This disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0129] The bogie frame comprises end beams, a first crossbeam, a traction beam, two side beams, and two second crossbeams. The end beams, first crossbeams, and traction beams are all positioned between and connected to the two side beams. The traction beams connect not only to the side beams but also to the end beams, first crossbeams, and two second crossbeams. The second crossbeams also connect to the side beams. This design improves the overall stability, structural strength, and load-bearing capacity of the bogie frame, enabling it to support heavier cargo boxes and other loads. The traction beams, connected not only to the side beams but also to the end beams, first crossbeams, and two second crossbeams, exhibit higher structural strength and better support. Therefore, the lower center plate can be mounted on the traction beams, which are less prone to deformation under stress, resulting in better support for cargo boxes and other objects positioned above them. Furthermore, with this design, the bogie frame has better tensile strength. The coupler buffer device is set on the end beam assembly. When the end beam assembly is pulled, the tension on the traction beam can be transferred to the traction beam assembly and the side beam assembly, and then transferred to the first crossbeam assembly and the two second crossbeam assemblies through the traction beam assembly and the side beam assembly. The stress on the bogie frame is more uniform and less prone to deformation.
[0130] The bogie frame assembly method involves machining positioning marks and using these marks to locate the side beam components. Then, the relative positions of the traction beam, second crossbeam, end beam, and first crossbeam components are adjusted. By designing an assembly tire to press the side beams, end beams, first crossbeam, traction beam, and second crossbeam, the assembly dimensions of the bogie frame are ensured, preventing displacement of these components during welding. This assembly method also reduces welding defects by establishing reasonable welding parameters and steps, ensuring that the mechanical properties of the weld joints and the internal and external quality of the welds fully meet product process quality requirements. When the bogie frame material is WeldoX960E high-strength low-alloy fine-grained structural steel, this assembly method also guarantees that the assembly dimensions, mechanical properties of the weld joints, and the internal and external quality of the welds meet product process quality requirements.
[0131] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
[0132] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this disclosure.
[0133] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A steering architecture, comprising: Two side beams (110) are arranged opposite to each other; An end beam assembly (120) is disposed between and connected to the two side beam assemblies (110), and the end beam assembly (120) is used to install the coupler buffer device (300). The first crossbeam assembly (130) is disposed between the two side beam assemblies (110) opposite to the end beam assembly (120) and is connected to the two side beam assemblies (110). A traction beam assembly (140) is disposed between and connected to the two side beam assemblies (110), and is disposed between and connected to the end beam assembly (120) and the first crossbeam assembly (130). The traction beam assembly (140) is used to mount the lower center plate (200); and Two second crossbeams (150) are respectively disposed between the two side beams (110) and the traction beam (140), and are respectively connected to the side beams (110) and the traction beam (140).
2. The truck frame of claim 1, wherein, The traction beam assembly (140) includes: A first connecting portion (141) extends along the length of the side beam assembly (110), and both ends of the first connecting portion (141) are connected to the end beam assembly (120) and the first crossbeam assembly (130), respectively; and Two second connecting parts (142) are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first connecting part (141) and located between the second crossbeam assembly (150) and the first crossbeam assembly (130). Both second connecting parts (142) are connected to the first connecting part (141) and are respectively connected to the two side beam assemblies (110).
3. The bogie frame according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: A reinforcing beam (160) is disposed between the two side beam assemblies (110) and located on the side of the first crossbeam assembly (130) away from the traction beam assembly (140), the reinforcing beam (160) being connected to the two side beam assemblies (110).
4. A method for assembling a bogie frame as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: Positioning marks are machined on both of the side beam components (110); The side beam assembly (110), the end beam assembly (120), the first crossbeam assembly (130), the traction beam assembly (140), and the second crossbeam assembly (150) are placed on the support seat (2200) of the assembly tire (2000) in relative positions; The relative positions of the two side beam assemblies (110) are adjusted according to the positioning marks, and the side beam assemblies (110) are positioned and pressed onto the support seat (2200) of the assembly tire (2000) by the clamping member (2400) of the assembly tire (2000). Adjust the relative positions of the end beam assembly (120), the first crossbeam assembly (130), the traction beam assembly (140), and the second crossbeam assembly (150), and position and press the end beam assembly (120), the first crossbeam assembly (130), the traction beam assembly (140), and the second crossbeam assembly (150) onto the support seat (2200) of the assembled tire (2000) using the clamping member (2400); and Weld the traction beam assembly (140) and the side beam assembly (110), the traction beam assembly (140) and the second crossbeam assembly (150), the traction beam assembly (140) and the first crossbeam assembly (130), the traction beam assembly (140) and the end beam assembly (120), the first crossbeam assembly (130) and the side beam assembly (110), the second crossbeam assembly (150) and the side beam assembly (110), and the end beam assembly (120) and the side beam assembly (110).
5. The method of assembly of claim 4, wherein, The process of machining positioning marks on both of the side beam components (110) includes: The center lines in the width direction and the center lines in the length direction are respectively machined on the two side beam components (110); and Two punched holes are machined on the center line of the width direction with the center line of the length direction as the center line of symmetry. The punched holes are the positioning marks.
6. The method of assembly of claim 5, wherein, The step of adjusting the relative position of the two side beam components (110) according to the positioning marks includes: Adjust the relative positions of the two side beam components (110) so that the spacing between the two sets of punch holes located diagonally is equal to the set value.
7. The method of assembly of claim 4, wherein, The assembled tire (2000) includes: Base (2100); A support base (2200) is disposed on the base (2100) for supporting the side beam assembly (110), the end beam assembly (120), the first crossbeam assembly (130), the traction beam assembly (140), and the second crossbeam assembly (150). The gantry (2300) is mounted on the base (2100); and A clamping member (2400) is installed on the gantry (2300) and located between the gantry (2300) and the support base (2200). The clamping member (2400) can move toward the support base (2200) to clamp the side beam assembly (110), the end beam assembly (120), the first crossbeam assembly (130), the traction beam assembly (140), and the second crossbeam assembly (150) located on the support base (2200).
8. The method of assembly of claim 4, wherein, The welding adopts gas metal arc welding, wherein the gas mixture includes Ar and CO2, with Ar:CO2 = 80%:20%, and the welding wire diameter is 1.2 mm.
9. The method of assembly of claim 4, wherein, The welding process parameters are as follows: welding current is 210~240A, welding voltage is 22~26V, and welding heat input is ≤0.6KJ / mm.
10. The method of assembly of claim 4, wherein, The welding process employs a multi-layer, multi-pass welding technique. Before welding, the welding area is preheated, with the preheating temperature controlled between 80 and 100°C. During the welding process, the interpass temperature is controlled between 80 and 100°C.
11. The method of assembly of claim 4, further comprising: After welding, the weld is subjected to spectral aging treatment for 40-45 minutes.
12. A bogie comprising the bogie frame (100) according to any one of claims 1-3.