Display panel and display device

Abstract

A display panel and a display device. The display panel is provided with a first display area (AA1) and a second display area (AA2). The display panel comprises a display backplane (10) and a touch layer group (5). The display backplane (10) comprises a first light-shielding layer (101), and first via holes (1011) are provided on the first light-shielding layer (101) in the second display area (AA2). The display backplane (10) comprises a plurality of sub-pixels (35), and a first via hole (1011) is located between two adjacent sub-pixels (35). The touch layer group (5) is disposed on a light-emitting side of the display backplane (10). The touch layer group (5) comprises at least two insulating layers (5a). The at least two insulating layers (5a) comprise a first insulating layer (5a1) and a second insulating layer (5a2), and the refractive index of the second insulating layer (5a2) is greater than the refractive index of the first insulating layer (5a1). A first recessed portion (5a11) is provided on the first insulating layer (5a1) in the second display region (AA2). The orthographic projection of the first recessed portion (5a11) on the display backplane (10) at least partially overlaps with a first via hole (1011), and a portion of the second insulating layer (5a2) is located in the first recessed portion (5a11) to form a first protruding portion (5a21). The amount of ambient light entering the described display panel is increased, ensuring the recognition capabilities of a photosensitive sensor.

Description

Display panel and display device Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a display panel and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panels have become the mainstream development direction in the field of display technology due to their advantages such as self-illumination, high brightness, good image quality, and low energy consumption.

[0003] Some display devices require the installation of a photosensor to receive ambient light. Furthermore, full-screen display is required, meaning that the display can also be achieved in the area where the photosensor is located. This can lead to insufficient ambient light received by the photosensor, thereby affecting its recognition capability.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a display panel and display device.

[0006] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a display panel is provided having a first display area and a second display area, the display panel comprising:

[0007] The display back panel includes a first light-shielding layer, and a first via is provided on the first light-shielding layer in the second display area; the display back panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the first via is located between two adjacent sub-pixels.

[0008] A touch layer assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display back panel. The touch layer assembly includes at least two insulating layers, including a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer. The refractive index of the second insulating layer is greater than that of the first insulating layer. In the second display area, a first recess is provided on the first insulating layer. The orthographic projection of the first recess on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via. A portion of the second insulating layer is located within the first recess to form a first protrusion.

[0009] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, at least two first vias are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels.

[0010] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, at least two of the first vias include at least one annular via, and the at least two first vias are nested together; or, at least two of the first vias include at least one annular via, and the at least two first vias are nested together and concentrically arranged; or, at least two of the first vias are arranged according to a predetermined pattern.

[0011] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the plurality of sub-pixels includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel, and the touch layer group includes:

[0012] A base layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display back panel;

[0013] The first touch function layer is located on the side of the base layer opposite to the display back panel;

[0014] A touch-insulating layer is disposed on the side of the first touch function layer opposite to the display back panel;

[0015] The second touch function layer is located on the side of the touch insulating layer opposite to the display back panel;

[0016] A protective layer is disposed on the side of the second touch function layer opposite to the display back panel.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a first groove, a second groove, and a third groove are provided on the substrate layer. The orthographic projection of the first groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the second groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the third groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel. The display panel further includes:

[0018] A first filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the first filter layer is located within the first groove, and the refractive index of the first filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer;

[0019] A second filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the second filter layer is located within the second groove, and the refractive index of the second filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer;

[0020] A third filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the third filter layer is located within the third groove, and the refractive index of the third filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer;

[0021] The base layer is the first insulating layer, and the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer.

[0022] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the substrate layer includes a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion. The orthographic projection of the first protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the third protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel. The display panel further includes:

[0023] A first filter layer is disposed on the side of the first protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion. The refractive index of the first filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer.

[0024] A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer.

[0025] A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the third protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer.

[0026] The touch insulating layer is the first insulating layer, and the first recess is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer near the display back panel. The base layer is the second insulating layer, and the first protrusion is provided on the side of the base layer away from the display back panel.

[0027] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a first groove is provided on the base layer, the orthographic projection of the first groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel; the touch insulating layer includes a second protrusion, the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel; a third groove is provided on the protective layer, the orthographic projection of the third groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel; the display panel further includes:

[0028] A first filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the first filter layer is located within the first groove, and the refractive index of the first filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer;

[0029] A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer.

[0030] A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the protective layer opposite to the display back panel. At least a portion of the third filter layer is located within the third groove. The refractive index of the third filter layer is greater than that of the protective layer.

[0031] The base layer is the first insulating layer, and the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer; or, the protective layer is the first insulating layer, the first recess is provided on the side of the protective layer near the display back panel, the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer, and the first protrusion is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer away from the display back panel; or, the first protrusion is included in the touch insulating layer, and the first protrusion is spaced apart from other parts of the touch insulating layer.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a first groove is provided on the substrate layer, the orthographic projection of the first groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel; the touch insulating layer includes a second protrusion, the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel; the protective layer includes a third protrusion, the orthographic projection of the third protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel; the display panel further includes:

[0033] A first filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the first filter layer is located within the first groove, and the refractive index of the first filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer;

[0034] A second filter layer is provided at least on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer.

[0035] A third filter layer is provided at least on the side of the third protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than that of the protective layer.

[0036] The base layer is the first insulating layer, and the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer.

[0037] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel further includes:

[0038] The second planarization layer is disposed on the side of the touch layer group away from the display back panel. In the second display area, the protective layer has a second recess on the side away from the display back panel. The orthographic projection of the second recess on the display back panel overlaps at least partially with the first via. A portion of the second planarization layer is located in the second recess to form a second protrusion. The refractive index of the second planarization layer is greater than that of the protective layer.

[0039] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the base layer includes a first protrusion, the orthographic projection of which on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel; the touch insulating layer includes a second protrusion, the orthographic projection of which on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel; the protective layer includes a third protrusion, the orthographic projection of which on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel; the display panel further includes:

[0040] A first filter layer is disposed on the side of the first protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion. The refractive index of the first filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer.

[0041] A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer.

[0042] A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the third protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than that of the protective layer.

[0043] The touch insulating layer is the first insulating layer, and the first recess is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer near the display back panel. The base layer is the second insulating layer, and the first protrusion is provided on the side of the base layer away from the display back panel.

[0044] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the second filter layer further includes:

[0045] A second protruding structure is disposed on the side of the touch insulating layer facing away from the display back panel; at least two orthographic projections of the second protruding structures on the display back panel are disposed between two adjacent sub-pixels, and a second gap is disposed between two adjacent second protruding structures, the orthographic projection of the second gap on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via; or, the orthographic projection of the second protruding structure on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels, a second via is disposed on the second protruding structure, the orthographic projection of the second via on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via; a portion of the protective layer is located within the second gap or the second via, and the refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the protective layer;

[0046] And / or, the third filter layer further includes:

[0047] A third protruding structure is disposed on the side of the protective layer opposite to the display back panel. At least two orthographic projections of the third protruding structures on the display back panel are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels, and a third gap is provided between two adjacent third protruding structures. The orthographic projection of the third gap on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via. Alternatively, the orthographic projection of the third protruding structure on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels, and a third via is provided on the third protruding structure. The orthographic projection of the third via on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via. The display panel further includes:

[0048] The second planarization layer is disposed on the side of the protective layer away from the display back panel. A portion of the second planarization layer is located within the third gap or the third via. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than that of the second planarization layer.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the distance between the inner sidewall of the second protruding structure and the center of the first through hole in the first direction increases as the height of the inner sidewall of the second protruding structure in the second direction increases, and the inner sidewall of the second protruding structure is a sidewall close to the center of the first through hole; and / or, the distance between the inner sidewall of the third protruding structure and the center of the first through hole in the first direction increases as the height of the inner sidewall of the third protruding structure in the second direction increases, and the inner sidewall of the third protruding structure is a sidewall close to the center of the first through hole;

[0050] The first direction is parallel to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed, and the second direction is perpendicular to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed.

[0051] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the inner wall of the second protruding structure includes a slope, and the angle between the inner wall of the second protruding structure and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°, and / or, the inner wall of the third protruding structure includes a slope, and the angle between the inner wall of the third protruding structure and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°, and the first reference plane is parallel to the side of the display back panel on which the touch layer group is disposed.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, when the first protrusion is provided on the side of the insulating layer away from the display back panel, the side of the first protrusion away from the display back panel is an arc surface that protrudes away from the display back panel.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, when the first recess is provided on the side of the insulating layer near the display back panel, the first recess is configured as a blind hole.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, when the base layer is the first insulating layer, the first recess is configured as a via.

[0055] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the distance between the sidewall of the first recess and its central axis in a first direction increases as the height of the sidewall of the first recess in a second direction increases, and the first direction is parallel to the side of the display back panel on which the touch layer group is disposed.

[0056] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the sidewall of the first recess includes a slope, the angle between the sidewall of the first recess and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°, and the first reference plane is parallel to the side of the display back panel on which the touch layer group is disposed.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel further includes:

[0058] The second light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the touch layer group away from or close to the display back panel, or between any two film layers in the touch layer group. The second light-shielding layer is provided with a plurality of fourth vias, and the orthographic projection of the fourth vias on the display back panel covers the sub-pixel. In the second display area, the second light-shielding layer is provided with a fifth via, and the orthographic projection of the fifth via on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via.

[0059] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, when the display panel includes a third filter layer and the third filter layer includes a third protruding structure, the third gap between the third protruding structures or the third via of the third protruding structure is located within the fifth via.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the first touch function layer includes a first grid line, the orthographic projection of the first grid line on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels, and in a first direction, the distance between the first grid line and the first recess and the first protrusion is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers.

[0061] The second touch function layer includes a second grid line. The orthographic projection of the second grid line on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels. In the first direction, the distance between the second grid line and the first recess and the first protrusion is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers. The first direction is parallel to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed.

[0062] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the first light-shielding layer is a pixel definition layer.

[0063] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the insulating layer is made of an organic material.

[0064] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a display device is provided, comprising:

[0065] The display panel is any one of the display panels described above;

[0066] A photosensor is located on the non-display side of the display panel, and in the second display area.

[0067] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0068] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0069] Figure 1 is a top view of an example embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0070] Figure 2 is a top view of another example embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0071] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0072] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a first example embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0073] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0074] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0075] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an example embodiment of the first light-shielding layer in Figure 6.

[0076] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another example embodiment of the first light-shielding layer in Figure 6.

[0077] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0078] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0079] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a sixth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0080] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a seventh exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0081] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the eighth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0082] Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the ninth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0083] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the tenth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0084] Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the eleventh exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0085] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the twelfth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0086] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of a thirteenth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0087] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourteenth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0088] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifteenth exemplary embodiment of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0089] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10. Display backplate; 101. First light-shielding layer; 1011. First via; 1. Substrate; 2. Driving substrate; 21. Shielding layer; 22. Buffer layer; 231. Channel portion; 232. Source connection portion; 233. Drain connection portion; 24. Gate insulating layer; 25. Gate layer; 251. Gate; 26. Interlayer dielectric layer; 27. First interconnect conductor layer; 271. Source; 272. Drain; 28. First planarization layer; 3. Light-emitting substrate; 31. First electrode; 32. Pixel definition layer; 321. Opening; 33. Light-emitting layer group; 34. Second electrode; 35. Subpixel; 351. First subpixel; 352. Second subpixel; 353. Third subpixel; 4. Encapsulation layer group; 41. First inorganic layer; 42. Organic layer; 43. Second inorganic layer; 5. Touch layer group; 51. Base layer; 52. First touch functional layer; 521. First grid line; 53. Touch insulating layer; 54. Second touch functional layer; 541. Second grid line; 55. Protective layer; 551. Second recess; 5a. Insulating layer; 5a1. First insulating layer; 5a11. First recess; 5a2. Second insulating layer; 5a21. First protrusion; 5a3. First groove; 5a4. Second groove; 5a5. Third groove; 5a6. First boss; 5a7. Second boss; 5a8. Third boss; 61. First filter layer; 62. Second filter layer; 621. Second protruding structure; 622. Second gap; 623. Second via; 63. Third filter layer; 631. Third protruding structure; 632. Third gap; 633. Third via; 7. Second light-shielding layer; 71. Fourth via; 72. Fifth via; 8. Second planarization layer; 81. Second protrusion; AA, display area; AA1, first display area; AA2, second display area; NAA, non-display area; X, first direction; Y, second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0090] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0091] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0092] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.

[0093] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "And / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0094] This disclosure provides a display panel, as shown in Figures 1-20. The display panel has a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2. The display panel may include a display back panel 10 and a touch layer group 5. The display back panel 10 may include a first light-shielding layer 101. A first via 1011 is provided on the first light-shielding layer 101 in the second display area AA2. The display back panel 10 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 35, and the first via 1011 is located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. The touch layer group 5 is disposed on the display back panel 10. On the light-emitting side, the touch layer group 5 includes at least two insulating layers 5a, which include a first insulating layer 5a1 and a second insulating layer 5a2. The refractive index of the second insulating layer 5a2 is greater than that of the first insulating layer 5a1. In the second display area AA2, a first recess 5a11 is provided on the first insulating layer 5a1. The orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. A portion of the second insulating layer 5a2 is located within the first recess 5a11 to form a first protrusion 5a21.

[0095] In the display panel of this disclosure, because the refractive index of the second insulating layer 5a2 is greater than that of the first insulating layer 5a1, in some example embodiments, the interface between the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 forms a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light incident from the display side of the display panel at a large tilt angle is easily totally internalized at the total internal reflection interface, changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the totally internalized light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor. In other example embodiments, the interface between the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 forms a refractive interface. Ambient light incident from the display side of the display panel at a large tilt angle is easily refracted at the refractive interface, changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the refracted light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0096] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the display panel has a display area AA and a non-display area NAA. The display area AA may include a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2. The first display area AA1 is the normal display area AA, and the second display area AA2 is the light-transmitting display area AA, that is, the light transmittance of the second display area AA2 is greater than that of the first display area AA1. Specifically, the second display area AA2 can transmit ambient light. A photosensitive sensor can be set on the non-display surface of the second display area AA2 so that the photosensitive sensor can receive the ambient light transmitted through the second display area AA.

[0097] The first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 each include sub-pixels 35, so that the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 can both display images, thus forming a continuous display area AA.

[0098] The pixel density of the first display area AA1 can be greater than the pixel density of the second display area AA2. This is achieved by setting the display area AA1 to have a high pixel density (i.e., high resolution) and the second display area AA2 to have a low pixel density (i.e., low resolution). Since the pixel density in the second display area AA2 is lower, optical electronic components such as photosensors can be placed within the second display area AA2. Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the pixel density of the first display area AA1 can also be equal to the pixel density of the second display area AA2.

[0099] It should be noted that pixel density can refer to the number of subpixels (35) evenly distributed per unit area. A higher number of subpixels (35) per unit area results in higher pixel density and higher resolution. Conversely, a lower number of subpixels (35) per unit area results in lower pixel density and lower resolution.

[0100] The second display area AA2 can be one, two, or more. Furthermore, the second display area AA2 can be a continuous area or a non-contiguous area, which can be designed and determined according to the actual application environment, and is not limited here.

[0101] Referring to FIG2, at least a portion of the edge of the second display area AA2 coincides with at least a portion of the edge of the display area AA, and the remaining portion of the second display area AA2 is surrounded by the first display area AA1. This allows the second display area AA2 to be positioned at the edge of the display area AA.

[0102] Referring to Figure 1, the first display area AA1 can surround the second display area AA2. This allows the second display area AA2 to be positioned inside the display area AA.

[0103] The second display area AA2 can be set to a regular shape, such as a rectangle. The apex of this rectangle can be a right angle or a rounded angle. Alternatively, the second display area AA2 can be set to a trapezoid (e.g., an inverted trapezoid). The apex of this trapezoid can be a regular included angle or a rounded angle. Another option is a circle. Of course, the second display area AA2 can also be set to an irregular shape, such as a teardrop shape. In practical applications, the shape of the second display area AA2 can be designed based on the shape of the components set within it, and is not limited here.

[0104] The display back panel 10 can be an OLED (Organic Electroluminescence Display) display back panel 10, a QLED (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes) display back panel 10, etc.; the display back panel 10 has a light-emitting side and a non-light-emitting side, which are arranged opposite to each other. The light-emitting side can display the image, and the side displaying the image is the display surface.

[0105] The following explanation uses the OLED display back panel 10 as an example.

[0106] In this exemplary embodiment, referring to FIG3, the display backplane 10 may include a substrate 1. The material of the substrate 1 may include inorganic materials, such as glass, quartz, or metal. The material of the substrate 1 may also include organic materials, such as resins like polyimide, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate. The substrate 1 may be formed from multiple material layers; for example, the substrate 1 may include multiple substrate layers, and the substrate layers may be made of any of the aforementioned materials. Of course, the substrate 1 may also be a single layer, and may be any of the aforementioned materials.

[0107] Referring to FIG3, the display back panel 10 may further include a driving substrate 2 and a light-emitting substrate 3. The driving substrate 2 is disposed on one side of the substrate 1, and the light-emitting substrate 3 is disposed on the side of the driving substrate 2 opposite to the substrate 1. The driving substrate 2 may include multiple driving circuits arranged in an array, and the light-emitting substrate 3 may include multiple light-emitting devices arranged in an array. The driving circuits can drive the light-emitting devices to emit light.

[0108] Specifically, referring to Figure 3, a shielding layer 21 can be provided on one side of the substrate 1. Light incident from the substrate 1 into the active layer generates photogenerated carriers in the active layer, which in turn has a significant impact on the characteristics of the thin-film transistor, ultimately affecting the display quality of the display device. The shielding layer 21 can block the light incident from the substrate 1, thereby preventing the thin-film transistor from affecting its characteristics and the display quality of the display device. In the second display area AA2, a via is also provided on the shielding layer 21 opposite to the first via 1011. Alternatively, the shielding layer 21 may include multiple shielding portions, which are spaced apart to allow ambient light passing through the first via 1011 to pass through the gaps between the shielding portions. Depending on the type of thin-film transistor, the shielding layer 21 may be omitted.

[0109] A buffer layer 22 can also be formed on the side of the shielding layer 21 facing away from the substrate 1. The buffer layer 22 serves to block moisture and impurity ions in the substrate 1 (especially organic materials) and to increase hydrogen ions for the subsequently formed active layer. The buffer layer 22 is made of an insulating material to insulate the shielding layer 21 from the active layer. The buffer layer 22 may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or silicon oxynitride. Depending on the type of substrate 1 or the process conditions, the buffer layer 22 may be omitted.

[0110] An active layer is provided on the side of the buffer layer 22 facing away from the substrate 1. The active layer may include a channel portion 231 and conductor portions disposed at both ends of the channel portion 231. One of the two conductor portions is a source connection portion 232, and the other is a drain connection portion 233. A gate insulating layer 24 is provided on the side of the active layer facing away from the substrate 1. A gate layer 25 is provided on the side of the gate insulating layer 24 facing away from the substrate 1. The gate layer 25 may include a gate 251 and a gate line (not shown in the figure).

[0111] An interlayer dielectric layer 26 is provided on the side of the gate layer 25 facing away from the substrate 1. A connection via is provided on the interlayer dielectric layer 26, which connects to the source connection portion 232 and the drain connection portion 233. A first connection conductor layer 27 is provided on the side of the interlayer dielectric layer 26 facing away from the substrate 1. The first connection conductor layer 27 may include a source 271, a drain 272, and a data line (not shown in the figure). The data line may be connected to the source 271, or a part of the data line may be used as the source 271. The source 271 is connected to the source connection portion 232 through the connection via on the interlayer dielectric layer 26, and the drain 272 is connected to the drain connection portion 233 through the connection via on the interlayer dielectric layer 26.

[0112] In some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a passivation layer is provided on the side of the first connection conductor layer 27 facing away from the substrate 1, and a connection via is also provided on the passivation layer; a second connection conductor layer is provided on the side of the passivation layer facing away from the substrate 1, and the second connection conductor layer may include a second source and / or a second drain, and the second source and the second drain are respectively connected to the source 271 and the drain 272 through the connection via on the passivation layer. Of course, a third connection conductor layer, a fourth connection conductor layer, etc., may also be provided as needed.

[0113] Referring to Figure 3, a first planarization layer 28 is provided on the side of the first interconnect conductor layer 27 facing away from the substrate 1. A connection via is provided on the first planarization layer 28, and the connection via is connected to the drain 272. The channel portion 231, gate 251, source 271, and drain 272 form a thin-film transistor.

[0114] It should be noted that the thin-film transistor described in this specification is a top-gate thin-film transistor. In other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the thin-film transistor may also be a bottom-gate or dual-gate type, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here. Moreover, in cases where thin-film transistors with opposite polarities are used or where the current direction changes during circuit operation, the functions of "source 271" and "drain 272" are sometimes interchanged. Therefore, in this specification, "source 271" and "drain 272" can be interchanged.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 3. A light-emitting substrate 3 is disposed on the side of the first planarization layer 28 away from the substrate 1. The light-emitting substrate 3 may include a first electrode 31, a pixel definition layer 32, a light-emitting layer group 33, and a second electrode 34.

[0116] Specifically, a first electrode 31 is provided on the side of the first planarization layer 28 away from the substrate 1. The first electrode 31 is connected to the drain 272 of the driving backplate through a connecting via. The drain 272 provides a driving signal to the first electrode 31. The first electrode 31 can be an anode (pixel electrode).

[0117] A pixel definition layer 32 is provided on the side of the first electrode 31 facing away from the substrate 1. Referring to FIG3, the pixel definition layer 32 has an opening 321 that connects to the first electrode 31, so that at least a portion of the first electrode 31 is not covered by the pixel definition layer 32. The pixel definition layer 32 can be made of a black material capable of absorbing photons, for example, the material of the pixel definition layer 32 can be black ink; the pixel definition layer 32 can absorb stray light and improve the display effect.

[0118] A light-emitting layer group 33 is provided at least on the side of the first electrode 31 facing away from the substrate 1, that is, at least a portion of the light-emitting layer group 33 is located within the opening 321 and connected to the first electrode 31. A second electrode 34 is provided on the side of the light-emitting layer group 33 facing away from the substrate 1, and the second electrode 34 may be a cathode (common electrode). The light-emitting layer group 33 within one opening 321 emits light to form a sub-pixel 35, such that the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 35 onto the substrate 1 is the orthographic projection of the light-emitting layer group 33 within the opening 321 onto the substrate 1.

[0119] It should be noted that since the sidewall of the opening 321 of the pixel definition layer 32 is inclined, the sub-pixel 35 refers to the range of the bottom wall of the opening 321 of the pixel definition layer 32. In other words, the sub-pixel 35 refers to the range defined by the edge of the opening 321 of the pixel definition layer 32 near the substrate 1.

[0120] The display backplane 10 may include a plurality of sub-pixels 35. Specifically, the display backplane 10 may include a plurality of first sub-pixels 351, a plurality of second sub-pixels 352, and a plurality of third sub-pixels 353. The first sub-pixels 351 may be red sub-pixels 35, that is, the first sub-pixels 351 may emit red light. The second sub-pixels 352 may be green sub-pixels 35, that is, the second sub-pixels 352 may emit green light. The third sub-pixels 353 may be blue sub-pixels 35, that is, the third sub-pixels 353 may emit blue light. Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the display backplane 10 may include a plurality of fourth sub-pixels 35. The fourth sub-pixels 35 may be white sub-pixels 35, that is, the fourth sub-pixels 35 may emit white light. Alternatively, the first sub-pixels 351, the second sub-pixels 352, and the third sub-pixels 353 may all emit white light, and then be filtered by a red filter layer, a green filter layer, and a blue filter layer.

[0121] It should be noted that the limitation on the emission color of each sub-pixel 35 is only an example. This disclosure does not make specific limitations on the emission color of each sub-pixel 35. The following explanation uses the first sub-pixel 351, the second sub-pixel 352, and the third sub-pixel 353 as examples, corresponding to the red sub-pixel R, the green sub-pixel G, and the blue sub-pixel B, respectively.

[0122] The pixel definition layer 32 can block light. Therefore, the pixel definition layer 32 is the first light-shielding layer 101, so that the display back panel 10 can include the first light-shielding layer 101. In the second display area AA2, a first via 1011 is provided on the first light-shielding layer 101, and the first via 1011 is located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, so that ambient light can be transmitted to the non-display side of the display panel through the first via 1011, so that the photosensitive sensor provided in the second display area AA2 can receive ambient light.

[0123] Referring to FIG3, the display backplane 10 may further include an encapsulation layer group 4, which is disposed on the side of the light-emitting substrate 3 facing away from the substrate 1. For example, the encapsulation layer group 4 may include a first inorganic layer 41, an organic layer 42, and a second inorganic layer 43; the first inorganic layer 41 is disposed on the side of the second electrode 34 facing away from the substrate 1; the material of the first inorganic layer 41 may be silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxynitride (SiNO), etc., and the first inorganic layer 41 may be formed on the side of the second electrode 34 facing away from the substrate 1 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The organic layer 42 is disposed on the side of the first inorganic layer 41 facing away from the substrate 1, and the material of the organic layer 42 may be acrylic, epoxide, or other organic materials. The second inorganic layer 43 is disposed on the side of the organic layer 42 facing away from the substrate 1. The material of the second inorganic layer 43 can be silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxynitride (SiNO), etc. The second inorganic layer 43 can be formed on the side of the organic layer 42 facing away from the substrate 1 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The light-emitting layer 33 can be encapsulated by the encapsulation layer group 4 to isolate it from corrosion by water / oxygen in the air.

[0124] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, referring to FIG3, the display panel may further include a touch layer group 5, which is disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer group 4 away from the substrate 1, that is, the touch layer group 5 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display back panel 10, and the touch layer group 5 enables the display panel to realize touch function.

[0125] Referring to Figures 4-6 and 9-20, the touch layer group 5 may include at least two insulating layers 5a. The at least two insulating layers 5a may include a first insulating layer 5a1 and a second insulating layer 5a2. The refractive index of the second insulating layer 5a2 is greater than that of the first insulating layer 5a1. In the second display area AA2, a first recess 5a11 is provided on the first insulating layer 5a1. The orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10.

[0126] A portion of the second insulating layer 5a2 is located within the first recess 5a11 to form a first protrusion 5a21, such that the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a21 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a21 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a21 on the display back panel 10, thereby completely covering the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a21 on the display back panel 10.

[0127] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011, such that a portion of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a21 on the display back panel 10 may also overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011; or the orthographic projection of the first recess 5a11 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011, such that the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a21 on the display back panel 10 may also cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011.

[0128] With this configuration, since the refractive index of the second insulating layer 5a2 is greater than that of the first insulating layer 5a1, in some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the interface between the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 forms a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light incident from the display side of the display panel at a large tilt angle is easily subjected to total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, thus changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the total internal reflection light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor. In other exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the interface between the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 forms a refractive interface. Ambient light incident from the display side of the display panel at a large tilt angle is easily refracted at the refractive interface, thus changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the refracted light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, thus increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0129] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, referring to Figures 6-8, at least two first vias 1011 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, at least two first vias 1011 are provided between two adjacent openings 321. For example, two first vias 1011 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, or three or more first vias 1011 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35.

[0130] Referring to FIG7, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, at least two first vias 1011 include at least one annular via, and at least two first vias 1011 are nested around each other; for example, when there are two first vias 1011, one first via 1011 is an annular via, and the other first via 1011 is a circular via, with the annular via nested outside the circular via; when there are three first vias 1011, two first vias 1011 are annular vias with progressively increasing diameters and nested around each other, that is, the first via 1011 with a larger diameter is nested outside the first via 1011 with a smaller diameter, and the other first via 1011 is a circular via, with the annular via nested outside the circular via.

[0131] In addition, at least two first vias 1011 can be configured as rectangular annular vias, elliptical annular vias, or other regular or irregular annular vias, which will not be described in detail here.

[0132] Alternatively, at least two first vias 1011 include at least one annular via, and the at least two first vias 1011 are nested together and concentrically arranged, that is, the central axes of the at least two first vias 1011 extending along the second direction Y are coaxially arranged. Of course, the central axes of the at least two first vias 1011 extending along the second direction Y may also not be coaxially arranged.

[0133] It should be noted that in this disclosure, the first direction X is parallel to the side of the display back panel 10 where the touch layer group 5 is disposed, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the side of the display back panel 10 where the touch layer group 5 is disposed, so that the first direction X and the second direction Y are also perpendicular.

[0134] Referring to FIG8, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, at least two first vias 1011 are arranged according to a set pattern. For example, two first vias 1011 can be arranged in a column, or two first vias 1011 can be arranged in a row; three first vias 1011 can be arranged to form a triangle, or four first vias 1011 can be arranged to form a quadrilateral; when multiple first vias 1011 are provided, the multiple first vias 1011 can be arranged in an array, or the multiple first vias 1011 can be arranged in a non-array, which will not be described in detail here.

[0135] This configuration reduces the opening of the first via 1011, reduces the reflectivity of the gate layer 25, the first connecting conductor layer 27, etc. to ambient light, and prevents the first via 1011 from being observed, especially under strong light, which is beneficial for image cancellation.

[0136] In particular, in the embodiments shown in Figures 4, 9, 11, and 13-16, where the side facing away from the display back panel is not provided as an arc-shaped protrusion away from the display back panel, the first protrusion in these example embodiments cannot collimate the light, resulting in more diffused light and making it easier to cause the technical problem of increased emissivity. By providing at least two first vias 1011, the opening of the first via 1011 can be reduced more effectively, reducing the reflectivity of the gate layer 25, the first connecting conductor layer 27, etc. to ambient light, and preventing the first via 1011 from being observed, especially under strong light, which is beneficial for image cancellation.

[0137] Referring to Figures 4-6 and 9-20, the touch layer group 5 may include a base layer 51, a first touch functional layer 52, a touch insulating layer 53, and a second touch functional layer 54. The base layer 51 is disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer group 4 away from the substrate 1. The first touch functional layer 52 is disposed on the side of the base layer 51 away from the substrate 1. The touch insulating layer 53 is disposed on the side of the first touch functional layer 52 away from the substrate 1. The second touch functional layer 54 is disposed on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 away from the substrate 1. The touch layer group 5 may also include a protective layer 55, which is disposed on the side of the second touch functional layer 54 away from the substrate 1, and protects the second touch functional layer 54. In this case, the base layer 51, the touch insulating layer 53, and the protective layer 55 are all insulating layers 5a. Generally, the second touch function layer 54 may include multiple touch electrodes arranged in an array, and the first touch function layer 52 may include multiple bridging portions. The bridging portions can connect a portion of two adjacent touch electrodes through the connection vias provided on the touch insulating layer 53.

[0138] The base layer 51, the touch insulating layer 53, and the protective layer 55 are all made of organic materials. For example, the base layer 51, the touch insulating layer 53, and the protective layer 55 can be made of epoxy resin, acrylic, etc. This arrangement ensures that the thickness of the base layer 51, the touch insulating layer 53, and the protective layer 55 meets the thickness requirements for setting the first filter layer 61, the second filter layer 62, and the third filter layer 63, and also meets the thickness requirements for setting the first groove 5a3, the second groove 5a4, and the third groove 5a5. Alternatively, the thickness requirements for setting the first protrusion 5a6, the second protrusion 5a7, and the third protrusion 5a8 can be met; moreover, the refractive index of the organic material is easy to adjust, so that the refractive indices of the base layer 51, the touch insulating layer 53, and the protective layer 55 can meet the requirements; furthermore, the etching process of the organic material has high precision, which can meet the morphological requirements of the first groove 5a3, the second groove 5a4, and the third groove 5a5, or meet the morphological requirements for setting the first protrusion 5a6, the second protrusion 5a7, and the third protrusion 5a8.

[0139] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, the touch layer group 5 may also include a base layer 51, a first touch function layer 52 and a touch insulating layer 53. In this case, both the base layer 51 and the touch insulating layer 53 are insulating layers 5a.

[0140] Referring to Figures 4 and 9, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a first groove 5a3, a second groove 5a4, and a third groove 5a5 are provided on the base layer 51. The orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first sub-pixel 351, or the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first sub-pixel 351. In both cases, the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the first sub-pixel 351.

[0141] Specifically, the distance in the first direction X between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the first sub-pixel 351 is greater than or equal to 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the distance in the first direction X between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the first sub-pixel 351 can be 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.7 micrometers, etc.

[0142] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 onto the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first sub-pixel 351.

[0143] The first groove 5a3 may include a side wall and a bottom wall, with the bottom wall parallel to the display surface and the side wall intersecting the display surface. It should be noted that since the side wall of the first groove 5a3 is inclined, when compared with the first sub-pixel 351, the orthographic projection range of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the side of the first groove 5a3 closest to the display back panel 10 (the bottom wall) on the display back panel 10. That is, the orthographic projection of the bottom wall of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351. This ensures that even when the orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the first sub-pixel 351, the side wall of the first groove 5a3 does not overlap with the first sub-pixel 351, further ensuring the convergence of light and the uniformity of light.

[0144] The first groove 5a3 is configured with an opening larger than its bottom. The sidewall of the first groove 5a3 may include a slope. The angle between the sidewall of the first groove 5a3 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the first groove 5a3 and the first reference plane may be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc. The first reference plane is parallel to the side of the display back panel 10 where the touch layer group 5 is disposed.

[0145] The orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel 352. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the second sub-pixel 352, or the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the second sub-pixel 352. In both cases, the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the second sub-pixel 352.

[0146] Specifically, the distance in the first direction X between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the second sub-pixel 352 is greater than or equal to 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the distance in the first direction X between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the second sub-pixel 352 can be 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.7 micrometers, etc.

[0147] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 onto the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the second sub-pixel 352.

[0148] The second groove 5a4 may include a side wall and a bottom wall, with the bottom wall parallel to the display surface and the side wall intersecting the display surface. It should be noted that, since the side wall of the second groove 5a4 is inclined, when compared with the second sub-pixel 352, the orthographic projection range of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the side of the second groove 5a4 closest to the display back panel 10 (the bottom wall) on the display back panel 10. That is, the orthographic projection of the bottom wall of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel 352. This ensures that even when the orthographic projection of the second groove 5a4 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the second sub-pixel 352, the side wall of the second groove 5a4 does not overlap with the second sub-pixel 352, further ensuring the convergence of light and the uniformity of light.

[0149] The second groove 5a4 is configured with an opening larger than the bottom. The sidewall of the second groove 5a4 may include an inclined surface. The angle between the sidewall of the second groove 5a4 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the second groove 5a4 and the first reference plane may be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0150] The orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel 353; for example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the third sub-pixel 353, or the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the third sub-pixel 353. In both cases, the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the third sub-pixel 353.

[0151] Specifically, the distance in the first direction X between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the third sub-pixel 353 is greater than or equal to 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the distance in the first direction X between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the third sub-pixel 353 can be 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.7 micrometers, etc.

[0152] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 onto the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the third sub-pixel 353.

[0153] The third groove 5a5 may include a side wall and a bottom wall, with the bottom wall parallel to the display surface and the side wall intersecting the display surface. It should be noted that, since the side wall of the third groove 5a5 is inclined, when compared with the third sub-pixel 353, the orthographic projection range of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the side of the third groove 5a5 closest to the display back panel 10 (the bottom wall) on the display back panel 10. That is, the orthographic projection of the bottom wall of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel 353. This ensures that even when the orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the third sub-pixel 353, the side wall of the third groove 5a5 does not overlap with the third sub-pixel 353, further ensuring the convergence of light and the uniformity of light.

[0154] The third groove 5a5 is configured with an opening larger than the bottom. The sidewall of the third groove 5a5 may include a slope. The angle between the sidewall of the third groove 5a5 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the third groove 5a5 and the first reference plane may be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0155] In this case, when a first via 1011 is provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, the opening width of the first via 1011 is greater than or equal to 6 micrometers and less than or equal to 10 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the first via 1011 can be 6.5 micrometers, 7 micrometers, 7.5 micrometers, 8 micrometers, 8.5 micrometers, 9 micrometers, 9.5 micrometers, etc.

[0156] Referring to Figures 4 and 9, the display panel may further include a first filter layer 61, a second filter layer 62, and a third filter layer 63.

[0157] The first filter layer 61 is disposed on the side of the substrate layer 51 facing away from the display back panel 10. At least a portion of the first filter layer 61 is located within the first groove 5a3. For example, a portion of the first filter layer 61 may be located within the first groove 5a3, or the entire first filter layer 61 may be located within the first groove 5a3. Generally, the thickness of the first filter layer 61 may be greater than or equal to the depth of the first groove 5a3, filling the first groove 5a3 completely. The first filter layer 61 may be a red filter layer, meaning that the first filter layer 61 can only allow red light to pass through.

[0158] The first filter layer 61 overlaps the side of the substrate layer 51 facing away from the display back panel 10, and the single-sided overlap width of the first filter layer 61 and the side of the substrate layer 51 facing away from the display back panel 10 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5 micrometers. For example, the single-sided overlap width of the first filter layer 61 and the side of the substrate layer 51 facing away from the display back panel 10 can be 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.5 micrometers, 2 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, etc.

[0159] The refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. Specifically, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 can be 1.62, 1.65, 1.68, 1.7, 1.73, etc. The refractive index of the substrate layer 51 is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.55. For example, the refractive index of the substrate layer 51 can be 1.47, 1.5, 1.53, etc.

[0160] Referring to Figure 4, when light travels from the first filter layer 61 to the substrate layer 51, it travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium. Therefore, total internal reflection easily occurs at the interface between the first filter layer 61 and the sidewall of the first groove 5a3. The sidewall of the first groove 5a3 causes the tilted outgoing light to undergo total internal reflection, changing the angle of the outgoing light and thus converging the total internal light, which then exits from the front of the display panel. This improves the light emission efficiency of the front of the display panel, reduces the light emission efficiency of the sides of the display panel, increases the privacy protection effect, and reduces display power consumption.

[0161] Moreover, when the ambient light is strong, after the ambient light passes through the first filter layer 61, only red light enters the display panel. After being reflected by the display panel, only red light exits the display panel, thus achieving the purpose of anti-glare.

[0162] The second filter layer 62 is disposed on the side of the substrate 51 opposite to the display back panel 10. At least a portion of the second filter layer 62 is located within the second groove 5a4. For example, a portion of the second filter layer 62 may be located within the second groove 5a4, or the entire second filter layer 62 may be located within the second groove 5a4. Generally, the thickness of the second filter layer 62 may be greater than or equal to the depth of the second groove 5a4, completely filling the second groove 5a4. The second filter layer 62 may be a green filter layer, meaning that the second filter layer 62 can only allow green light to pass through.

[0163] The second filter layer 62 overlaps the side of the substrate 51 facing away from the display back panel 10, and the single-sided overlap width of the second filter layer 62 and the side of the substrate 51 facing away from the display back panel 10 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5 micrometers. For example, the single-sided overlap width of the second filter layer 62 and the side of the substrate 51 facing away from the display back panel 10 can be 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.5 micrometers, 2 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, etc.

[0164] The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. Specifically, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 can be 1.62, 1.65, 1.68, 1.7, 1.73, etc.

[0165] Similarly, when light travels from the second filter layer 62 to the substrate layer 51, it travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium. Therefore, total internal reflection easily occurs at the interface between the second filter layer 62 and the sidewall of the second groove 5a4. The sidewall of the second groove 5a4 causes the tilted outgoing light to undergo total internal reflection, changing the angle of the outgoing light and thus converging the total internal light, which then exits from the front of the display panel. This improves the light emission efficiency of the front of the display panel, reduces the light emission efficiency of the sides of the display panel, increases the privacy protection effect, and reduces display power consumption.

[0166] Moreover, when the ambient light is strong, after the ambient light passes through the second filter layer 62, only green light enters the display panel. After being reflected by the display panel, only green light exits the display panel, thus achieving the purpose of anti-glare.

[0167] The third filter layer 63 is disposed on the side of the substrate 51 opposite to the display back panel 10. At least a portion of the third filter layer 63 is located within the third groove 5a5. For example, a portion of the third filter layer 63 may be located within the third groove 5a5, or the entire third filter layer 63 may be located within the third groove 5a5. Generally, the thickness of the third filter layer 63 may be greater than or equal to the depth of the third groove 5a5, completely filling the third groove 5a5. The third filter layer 63 may be a blue filter layer, meaning that the third filter layer 63 can only allow blue light to pass through.

[0168] The third filter layer 63 overlaps the side of the substrate 51 facing away from the display back panel 10, and the single-sided overlap width of the third filter layer 63 and the side of the substrate 51 facing away from the display back panel 10 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5 micrometers. For example, the single-sided overlap width of the third filter layer 63 and the side of the substrate 51 facing away from the display back panel 10 can be 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.5 micrometers, 2 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, etc.

[0169] The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. Specifically, the refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the third filter layer 63 can be 1.62, 1.65, 1.68, 1.7, 1.73, etc.

[0170] Similarly, when light travels from the third filter layer 63 to the substrate layer 51, it travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium. Therefore, total internal reflection easily occurs at the interface between the third filter layer 63 and the sidewall of the third groove 5a5. The sidewall of the third groove 5a5 causes the tilted outgoing light to undergo total internal reflection, changing the angle of the outgoing light and making the total internal reflection more focused. This allows the light to exit from the front of the display panel, improving the light emission efficiency of the front of the display panel, reducing the light emission efficiency of the sides of the display panel, increasing the privacy protection effect, and reducing display power consumption.

[0171] Moreover, when the ambient light is strong, after the ambient light passes through the third filter layer 63, only blue light enters the display panel. After being reflected by the display panel, only blue light exits the display panel, thus achieving the purpose of anti-glare.

[0172] It should be noted that the above-mentioned limitations on the filter colors of each filter layer are only illustrative examples. This disclosure does not specifically limit the filter colors of each filter layer. The specific implementation is illustrated by taking the first filter layer 61, the second filter layer 62, and the third filter layer 63 as red filter layer, green filter layer, and blue filter layer, respectively.

[0173] In this case, the base layer 51 is the first insulating layer 5a1, and the touch insulating layer 53 is the second insulating layer 5a2; that is, a plurality of first recesses 5a11 are provided on the base layer 51, a portion of the first recesses 5a11 being located between adjacent first grooves 5a3 and second grooves 5a4, a portion of the first recesses 5a11 being located between adjacent second grooves 5a4 and third grooves 5a5, and a portion of the first recesses 5a11 being located between adjacent first grooves 5a3 and third grooves 5a5. A portion of the touch insulating layer 53 forms a first protrusion 5a21 within the first recesses 5a11.

[0174] Alternatively, the opening width of the first recess 5a11 is greater than or equal to 4 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the first recess 5a11 can be 4.2 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, 4.7 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc.

[0175] The refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. The refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 can be 1.68, 1.7, 1.72, etc. This makes the interface between the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21 a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is easily totally internally reflected at the total internal reflection interface, changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the total internal reflection light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0176] The first recessed portion 5a11 can be configured as a via, meaning that the first recessed portion 5a11 can penetrate the substrate layer 51. Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the first recessed portion 5a11 can be configured as a blind via, meaning that the first recessed portion 5a11 does not penetrate the substrate layer 51. In this case, the first recessed portion 5a11 is located on the side of the substrate layer 51 facing away from the display back panel 10, and the first protrusion 5a21 is located on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 near the display back panel 10.

[0177] The distance between the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 and its central axis in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 in the second direction Y increases, so that the first recess 5a11 forms a structure in which the opening is larger than the bottom.

[0178] Specifically, the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 includes an inclined surface, and the angle between the sidewall of the first recess and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the first recess and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0179] If the angle between the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the first protrusion 5a21 covers the sidewall of the first recess 5a11, it cannot fill the corner formed by the first recess 5a11 and the display back panel 10. That is, a gap is easily formed at the corner formed by the first recess 5a11 and the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve total reflection well, and the total reflection surface is lost, thus failing to achieve the focusing effect on the environment well.

[0180] Since the ambient light is incident from the first protrusion 5a21 to the first recess 5a11 from a denser medium to a less dense medium, light rays with a larger tilt angle are more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the interface. If the angle between the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 and the first reference plane is too small, the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 will be relatively flat, causing the ambient light to fail to undergo total internal reflection. Even if some light rays are refracted and emitted, they will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0181] The above-mentioned numerical range enables total internal reflection of ambient light at the interface between the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21, and also enables the light emitted through total internal reflection to converge.

[0182] Alternatively, as shown in FIG9, in the second display area AA2, a second recess 551 is provided on the side of the protective layer 55 facing away from the display back plate 10. The orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10.

[0183] Specifically, the shape of the second recess 551 can be the same as the shape of the first recess 5a11, and the opening size of the second recess 551 can be the same as the opening size of the first recess 5a11, that is, the opening width of the second recess 551 is greater than or equal to 4 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the second recess 551 can be 4.2 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, 4.7 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc.

[0184] The display panel may further include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 away from the display back panel 10. Specifically, the second planarization layer 8 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10, such that a portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located in the second recess 551 to form a second protrusion 81, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10.

[0185] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011, such that a portion of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011; or the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011.

[0186] The distance between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and its central axis in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the second recess 551 in the second direction Y increases, so that the second recess 551 forms a structure in which the opening is larger than the bottom.

[0187] Specifically, the sidewall of the second recess 551 includes an inclined surface, and the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0188] If the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the second recess 551 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the second protrusion 81 covers the sidewall of the second recess 551, it cannot fill the corner formed by the second recess 551 near the display back panel 10. That is, a gap is easily formed at the corner formed by the second recess 551 near the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve total reflection well, loses the total reflection surface and thus cannot achieve the convergence effect on the environment well.

[0189] Since the ambient light is emitted from the second protrusion 81 to the second recess 551 from a denser medium to a less dense medium, light rays with a larger tilt angle are more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the interface. If the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is too small, the sidewall of the second recess 551 will be relatively flat, causing the ambient light to fail to undergo total internal reflection. Even if some light rays are refracted and emitted, they will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0190] The above-mentioned numerical range enables total internal reflection of ambient light at the interface between the second recess 551 and the second protrusion 81, and also enables the light emitted through total internal reflection to converge.

[0191] The refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55. Specifically, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.75; for example, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 can be 1.68, 1.7, 1.72, etc. The refractive index of the protective layer 55 is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.5; for example, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 can be 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, etc.

[0192] With this configuration, since the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55, the interface between the second recess 551 and the second protrusion 81 also forms a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface to form total internal reflection light. By changing the incident angle of the ambient light through two total internal reflections, and the total internal reflection light is more focused, more light can be transmitted to the photosensor through the first via 1011, further improving the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0193] Referring to Figures 5 and 10, in some example embodiments of this disclosure, the base layer 51 may include a first boss 5a6, a second boss 5a7, and a third boss 5a8.

[0194] In this case, when a first via 1011 is provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, the opening width of the first via 1011 is greater than or equal to 4 micrometers and less than or equal to 8 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the first via 1011 can be 4.5 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 6 micrometers, 6.5 micrometers, 7 micrometers, 7.5 micrometers, etc.

[0195] The first protrusion 5a6 may include a sidewall and a top wall, with the top wall parallel to the display surface and the sidewall intersecting the display surface. The first protrusion 5a6 and the first sub-pixel 351 may correspond one-to-one. Specifically, the number of first protrusions 5a6 is the same as the number of first sub-pixels 351, and the shape of the first protrusion 5a6 is the same as the shape of the first sub-pixel 351. For example, if the first sub-pixel 351 is circular, the first protrusion 5a6 is also circular; if the first sub-pixel 351 is rectangular, the first protrusion 5a6 is also rectangular. Of course, in other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the shapes of the first sub-pixel 351 and the first protrusion 5a6 may also be other shapes, which will not be described in detail here.

[0196] The orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first sub-pixel 351, or the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first sub-pixel 351. In both cases, the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the first sub-pixel 351. In this case, the distance between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the first sub-pixel 351 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the distance between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the first sub-pixel 351 in the first direction X may be 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.7 micrometers, etc.

[0197] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first sub-pixel 351.

[0198] It should be noted that since the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 is inclined, when compared with the first sub-pixel 351, the range of the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back plate 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the side (bottom wall) of the first protrusion 5a6 closest to the display back plate 10 on the display back plate 10, that is, the orthographic projection of the bottom wall of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351.

[0199] The distance between the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 and the center of the first sub-pixel 351 in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 in the second direction Y decreases, so that the first protrusion 5a6 forms a roughly frustum-shaped structure with the top smaller than the bottom.

[0200] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 may include a curved surface; the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 may include a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion that are smoothly connected in sequence, the first portion being closer to the display back panel 10 than the third portion, the second portion being a sloped surface, and the first and third portions being arc-shaped surfaces. The first portion may be recessed, and the third portion may be protruding. Specifically, the portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 near the display back panel 10 may be an arc-shaped surface, the middle portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 may be a sloped surface, and the portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 away from the display back panel 10 may be an arc-shaped surface. In other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 may be a sloped surface, and the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 may only include the smoothly connected first and third portions, but the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 is generally inclined.

[0201] The first light filter layer 61 is disposed on the side of the first protrusion 5a6 opposite to the display back panel 10. The first light filter layer 61 can be a red light filter layer, that is, the first light filter layer 61 can only allow red light to pass through. The first light filter layer 61 covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6. For example, the first light filter layer 61 can cover all the sidewalls of the first protrusion 5a6, or it can cover only a portion of the sidewalls of the first protrusion 5a6.

[0202] The following explanation will be based on the example that the first filter layer 61 can cover all the sidewalls of the first protrusion 5a6.

[0203] The refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is less than the refractive index of the first protrusion 5a6. Specifically, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.65. For example, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 can be 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, etc. The refractive index of the first protrusion 5a6 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85. For example, the refractive index of the first protrusion 5a6 can be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc.

[0204] When light travels from the first protrusion 5a6 to the first filter layer 61, it travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium. The sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 can adjust the incident angle of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 351 at the interface between the first protrusion 5a6 and the first filter layer 61, making the incident angle smaller. As a result, refraction can occur at the interface between the first protrusion 5a6 and the first filter layer 61 instead of total internal reflection. Furthermore, the incident light is positioned on the side where the normal is closer to the display back panel 10. After refraction at the interface between the first protrusion 5a6 and the first filter layer 61, the outgoing light is deflected towards the positive viewing angle, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.

[0205] Furthermore, in situations with strong ambient light, after the ambient light passes through the first filter layer 61, only red light enters the display panel. After being reflected by the display panel, only red light exits the display panel, thus achieving the purpose of anti-glare.

[0206] The angle between the sidewall of the first boss 5a6 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the first boss 5a6 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 83°, etc.

[0207] If the angle between the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the first filter layer 61 covers the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6, it cannot fill the corner formed by the first protrusion 5a6 and the display back panel 10. That is, gaps are easily formed at the corner formed by the first protrusion 5a6 and the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve reflection well, loses the reflective surface and thus cannot achieve the converging effect of the emitted light well.

[0208] If the angle between the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 and the first reference plane is too small, making the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6 relatively flat, since the outgoing light emitted from the first sub-pixel 351 is emitted from the first protrusion 5a6 to the first filter layer 61 from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium, the light with a large tilt angle is prone to total internal reflection at the interface, resulting in the inability to emit. Even if some light is refracted and emitted, it will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0209] The aforementioned numerical range allows for angle adjustment of the outgoing light rays emitted from the first sub-pixel 351 at the interface between the first protrusion 5a6 and the first filter layer 61, and also enables the light rays to converge through refraction.

[0210] The thickness of the first filter layer 61 is greater than or equal to 2 micrometers and less than or equal to 4 micrometers. For example, the thickness of the first filter layer 61 can be 2.2 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 2.7 micrometers, 3 micrometers, 3.3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 3.8 micrometers, etc.

[0211] The second protrusion 5a7 may include a sidewall and a top wall, with the top wall parallel to the display surface and the sidewall intersecting the display surface. The second protrusion 5a7 and the second sub-pixel 352 may correspond one-to-one. Specifically, the number of second protrusions 5a7 is the same as the number of second sub-pixels 352, and the shape of the second protrusion 5a7 is the same as the shape of the second sub-pixel 352. For example, if the second sub-pixel 352 is circular, the second protrusion 5a7 is also circular; if the second sub-pixel 352 is rectangular, the second protrusion 5a7 is also rectangular. Of course, in other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the shapes of the second sub-pixel 352 and the second protrusion 5a7 may also be other shapes, which will not be described in detail here.

[0212] The orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel 352. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the second sub-pixel 352, or the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the second sub-pixel 352. In both cases, the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the second sub-pixel 352. In this case, the distance between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the second sub-pixel 352 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the distance between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the second sub-pixel 352 in the first direction X may be 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.7 micrometers, etc.

[0213] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 onto the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the second sub-pixel 352.

[0214] It should be noted that, since the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 is inclined, when compared with the second sub-pixel 352, the range of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back plate 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the side (bottom wall) of the second protrusion 5a7 closest to the display back plate 10 on the display back plate 10, that is, the orthographic projection of the bottom wall of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel 352.

[0215] The distance between the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 and the center of the second sub-pixel 352 in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 in the second direction Y decreases, so that the second protrusion 5a7 forms a roughly frustum structure with the top smaller than the bottom.

[0216] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 may include a curved surface; the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 may include a fourth portion, a fifth portion, and a sixth portion that are smoothly connected in sequence, the fourth portion being closer to the display back panel 10 than the sixth portion, the fifth portion being a slope, and the fourth and sixth portions being arc surfaces. The fourth portion may be recessed, and the sixth portion may be protruding. Specifically, the portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 near the display back panel 10 may be an arc surface, the middle portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 may be a slope, and the portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 away from the display back panel 10 may be an arc surface. In other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 may be a slope, and the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 may only include the smoothly connected fourth and sixth portions, but the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 is generally inclined.

[0217] The second filter layer 62 is disposed on the side of the second protrusion 5a7 opposite to the display back panel 10. The second filter layer 62 can be a green filter layer, that is, the second filter layer 62 can only allow green light to pass through. The second filter layer 62 covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7. For example, the second filter layer 62 can cover all the sidewalls of the second protrusion 5a7, or the second filter layer 62 can cover only a portion of the sidewalls of the second protrusion 5a7.

[0218] The following explanation will be based on the example that the second filter layer 62 can cover all the sidewalls of the second protrusion 5a7.

[0219] The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than that of the second protrusion 5a7. Specifically, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.65. For example, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 can be 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, etc. The refractive index of the second protrusion 5a7 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85. For example, the refractive index of the second protrusion 5a7 can be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc.

[0220] Light rays traveling from the second protrusion 5a7 to the second filter layer 62 travel from a denser medium to a less dense medium. The sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 can adjust the incident angle of the light rays emitted from the second sub-pixel 352 at the interface between the second protrusion 5a7 and the second filter layer 62, making the incident angle smaller. As a result, refraction can occur at the interface between the second protrusion 5a7 and the second filter layer 62 instead of total internal reflection. Furthermore, the incident light rays are positioned on the side where the normal is closer to the display back panel 10. After refraction at the interface between the second protrusion 5a7 and the second filter layer 62, the outgoing light rays are deflected towards the positive viewing angle, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.

[0221] Furthermore, in situations with strong ambient light, after the ambient light passes through the second filter layer 62, only green light enters the display panel. After being reflected by the display panel, only green light exits the display panel, thus achieving the purpose of anti-glare.

[0222] The angle between the sidewall of the second boss 5a7 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the second boss 5a7 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 83°, etc.

[0223] If the angle between the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the second filter layer 62 covers the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7, it cannot fill the corner formed by the second protrusion 5a7 and the display back panel 10. That is, gaps are easily formed at the corner formed by the second protrusion 5a7 and the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve reflection well, loses the reflective surface and thus cannot achieve the converging effect of the emitted light well.

[0224] If the angle between the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 and the first reference plane is too small, making the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7 relatively flat, the outgoing light emitted from the second sub-pixel 352 will travel from the second protrusion 5a7 to the second filter layer 62 from a denser medium to a less dense medium. Light with a large tilt angle is prone to total internal reflection at the interface, resulting in the inability to exit. Even if some light is refracted and exits, it will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0225] The aforementioned numerical range allows for angle adjustment of the outgoing light rays emitted from the second sub-pixel 352 at the interface between the second protrusion 5a7 and the second filter layer 62, and also enables the light rays to converge through refraction.

[0226] The thickness of the second filter layer 62 is greater than or equal to 2 micrometers and less than or equal to 4 micrometers. For example, the thickness of the second filter layer 62 can be 2.2 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 2.7 micrometers, 3 micrometers, 3.3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 3.8 micrometers, etc.

[0227] The third protrusion 5a8 may include a sidewall and a top wall, with the top wall parallel to the display surface and the sidewall intersecting the display surface. The third protrusion 5a8 and the third sub-pixel 353 may correspond one-to-one. Specifically, the number of third protrusions 5a8 is the same as the number of third sub-pixels 353, and the shape of the third protrusion 5a8 is the same as the shape of the third sub-pixel 353. For example, if the third sub-pixel 353 is circular, the third protrusion 5a8 is also circular; if the third sub-pixel 353 is rectangular, the third protrusion 5a8 is also rectangular. Of course, in other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the shapes of the third sub-pixel 353 and the third protrusion 5a8 may also be other shapes, which will not be described in detail here.

[0228] The orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel 353. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the third sub-pixel 353, or the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the third sub-pixel 353. In both cases, the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 completely covers the third sub-pixel 353. In this case, the distance between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the third sub-pixel 353 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the distance between the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 and the edge line of the third sub-pixel 353 in the first direction X may be 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.2 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.7 micrometers, etc.

[0229] Of course, in some other example embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 onto the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the third sub-pixel 353.

[0230] It should be noted that, since the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 is inclined, when compared with the third sub-pixel 353, the range of the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back plate 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the side (bottom wall) of the third protrusion 5a8 closest to the display back plate 10 on the display back plate 10, that is, the orthographic projection of the bottom wall of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel 353.

[0231] The distance between the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 and the center of the third sub-pixel 353 in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 in the second direction Y decreases, so that the third protrusion 5a8 forms a roughly frustum-shaped structure with the top smaller than the bottom.

[0232] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 may include a curved surface; the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 may include a seventh portion, an eighth portion, and a ninth portion that are smoothly connected in sequence, the seventh portion being closer to the display back panel 10 than the ninth portion, the eighth portion being a sloped surface, and the seventh and ninth portions being arc-shaped surfaces. The seventh portion may be recessed, and the ninth portion may be protruding. Specifically, the portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 near the display back panel 10 may be an arc-shaped surface, the middle portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 may be a sloped surface, and the portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 away from the display back panel 10 may be an arc-shaped surface. In other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 may be a sloped surface, and the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 may only include the smoothly connected seventh and ninth portions, but the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 is generally inclined.

[0233] The third light filter layer 63 is disposed on the side of the third protrusion 5a8 opposite to the display back panel 10. The third light filter layer 63 can be a blue light filter layer, that is, the third light filter layer 63 can only allow blue light to pass through. The third light filter layer 63 covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8. For example, the third light filter layer 63 can cover all the sidewalls of the third protrusion 5a8, or the third light filter layer 63 can cover only a portion of the sidewalls of the third protrusion 5a8.

[0234] The following explanation uses the example of the third filter layer 63 covering all the sidewalls of the third boss 5a8.

[0235] The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than that of the third protrusion 5a8. Specifically, the refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.65. For example, the refractive index of the third filter layer 63 can be 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, etc. The refractive index of the third protrusion 5a8 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85. For example, the refractive index of the third protrusion 5a8 can be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc.

[0236] Light rays traveling from the third protrusion 5a8 to the third filter layer 63 travel from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium. The sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 can adjust the incident angle of the light rays emitted from the third sub-pixel 353 at the interface between the third protrusion 5a8 and the third filter layer 63, making the incident angle smaller. As a result, refraction can occur at the interface between the third protrusion 5a8 and the third filter layer 63 instead of total internal reflection. Furthermore, the incident light rays are positioned on the side where the normal is closer to the display back panel 10. After refraction at the interface between the third protrusion 5a8 and the third filter layer 63, the outgoing light rays are deflected towards the positive viewing angle, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.

[0237] Furthermore, in situations with strong ambient light, after the ambient light passes through the third filter layer 63, only blue light enters the display panel. After being reflected by the display panel, only blue light exits the display panel, thus achieving the purpose of anti-glare.

[0238] The angle between the sidewall of the third boss 5a8 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the third boss 5a8 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 83°, etc.

[0239] If the angle between the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the third filter layer 63 covers the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8, it cannot fill the corner formed by the third protrusion 5a8 and the display back panel 10. That is, gaps are easily formed at the corner formed by the third protrusion 5a8 and the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve reflection well, loses the reflective surface and thus cannot achieve the converging effect of the emitted light well.

[0240] If the angle between the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 and the first reference plane is too small, making the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8 relatively flat, the outgoing light emitted from the third sub-pixel 353 will travel from the third protrusion 5a8 to the third filter layer 63 from a denser medium to a less dense medium. Light with a large tilt angle is prone to total internal reflection at the interface, resulting in the inability to exit. Even if some light is refracted and exits, it will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0241] The above-mentioned numerical range allows for the adjustment of the angle of the outgoing light emitted from the third sub-pixel 353 at the interface between the third protrusion 5a8 and the third filter layer 63, and also enables the light to converge through refraction.

[0242] The thickness of the third filter layer 63 is greater than or equal to 2 micrometers and less than or equal to 4 micrometers. For example, the thickness of the third filter layer 63 can be 2.2 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 2.7 micrometers, 3 micrometers, 3.3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 3.8 micrometers, etc.

[0243] In this case, referring to Figures 5 and 10, the touch insulating layer 53 is a first insulating layer 5a1, the first recess 5a11 is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 near the display back panel 10, the base layer 51 is a second insulating layer 5a2, and the first protrusion 5a21 is provided on the side of the base layer 51 away from the display back panel 10. The side of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 is an arc surface protruding away from the display back panel 10. For example, the side of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 can be a circular arc surface, an elliptical arc surface, or a parabolic arc surface protruding away from the display back panel 10. The side of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 can also be other regular or irregular arc surfaces protruding away from the display back panel 10. These will not be described in detail here.

[0244] This configuration causes the first protrusion 5a21 to form a converging lens. Furthermore, the refractive index of the base layer 51 is greater than that of the touch insulating layer 53. Specifically, the refractive index of the base layer 51 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85; for example, the refractive index of the base layer 51 could be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc. The refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.5; for example, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 could be 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49. This causes ambient light incident at an angle at the interface between the first protrusion 5a21 and the first recess 5a11 to be refracted, converging the originally divergent light rays into a nearly parallel state. The light then passes through the first through-hole 1011 to the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering and ensuring the photosensor's recognition capability.

[0245] Since the first recessed portion 5a11 is formed following the first protrusion 5a21, the first recessed portion 5a11 is configured as an arc surface that is recessed towards the side of the display back panel 10. Moreover, the specific structure of the arc surface of the first recessed portion 5a11 is the same as the specific structure of the arc surface of the first protrusion 5a21, that is, the arc surface of the first protrusion 5a21 is a circular arc surface, and the arc surface of the first recessed portion 5a11 is also a circular arc surface.

[0246] The side of the first protrusion 5a21 that connects to the base layer 51, near the base layer 51, can be configured as a concave arc surface.

[0247] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the top surface of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 may also include a portion of a plane, and the side surface of the first protrusion 5a21 may also include a portion of a plane, so that the cross section of the first protrusion 5a21 along the second direction Y is a rounded trapezoidal structure.

[0248] The width of the first protrusion 5a21 near the bottom of the display back panel 10 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the width of the first protrusion 5a21 near the bottom of the display back panel 10 in the first direction X can be 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc. The opening width of the first recess 5a11 is the same as the width of the first protrusion 5a21 near the bottom of the display back panel 10 in the first direction X.

[0249] The height of the first protrusion 5a21 in the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the height of the first protrusion 5a21 in the second direction Y can be 1.3 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.8 micrometers, etc. The depth of the first recess 5a11 in the second direction Y is the same as the height of the first protrusion 5a21 in the second direction Y.

[0250] The first recessed portion 5a11 is configured as a blind hole to ensure that a refractive interface is formed between the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21.

[0251] Alternatively, as shown in FIG10, in the second display area AA2, a second recess 551 is provided on the side of the protective layer 55 facing away from the display back plate 10. The orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10.

[0252] Specifically, the shape of the second recess 551 can be the same as the shape of the first recess 5a11, and the opening size of the second recess 551 can be the same as the opening size of the first recess 5a11, that is, the opening width of the second recess 551 is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the second recess 551 can be 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc.

[0253] The display panel may further include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 away from the display back panel 10. Specifically, the second planarization layer 8 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10, such that a portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located in the second recess 551 to form a second protrusion 81, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10.

[0254] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011, such that a portion of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011; or the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011.

[0255] The distance between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and its central axis in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the second recess 551 in the second direction Y increases, so that the second recess 551 forms a structure in which the opening is larger than the bottom.

[0256] Specifically, the sidewall of the second recess 551 includes an inclined surface, and the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0257] If the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the second recess 551 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the second protrusion 81 covers the sidewall of the second recess 551, it cannot fill the corner formed by the second recess 551 near the display back panel 10. That is, a gap is easily formed at the corner formed by the second recess 551 near the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve total reflection well, loses the total reflection surface and thus cannot achieve the convergence effect on the environment well.

[0258] Since the ambient light is emitted from the second protrusion 81 to the second recess 551 from a denser medium to a less dense medium, light rays with a larger tilt angle are more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the interface. If the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is too small, the sidewall of the second recess 551 will be relatively flat, causing the ambient light to fail to undergo total internal reflection. Even if some light rays are refracted and emitted, they will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0259] The above-mentioned numerical range enables total internal reflection of ambient light at the interface between the second recess 551 and the second protrusion 81, and also enables the light emitted through total internal reflection to converge.

[0260] The refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55. Specifically, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.75; for example, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 can be 1.68, 1.7, 1.72, etc. The refractive index of the protective layer 55 is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.5; for example, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 can be 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, etc.

[0261] With this configuration, since the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55, the interface between the second recess 551 and the second protrusion 81 also forms a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. Through one total internal reflection and one refraction, the incident angle of the ambient light is further changed, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0262] Referring to FIG11, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a first groove 5a3 is provided on the base layer 51. The orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351. The specific structure of the first groove 5a3 is the same as that of the first groove 5a3 in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIG4 and FIG9, and will not be described again here.

[0263] The first filter layer 61 is disposed between the substrate layer 51 and the touch insulating layer 53. At least a portion of the first filter layer 61 is located within the first groove 5a3. The refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. The specific structure of the first filter layer 61 is the same as that in the example embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 9, and will not be described again here. Furthermore, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 and the refractive index of the substrate layer 51 can also be the same as those described in the example embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 9, and will not be described again here.

[0264] Alternatively, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 can be greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 can be 1.68, 1.7, 1.72, etc.

[0265] The touch insulating layer 53 may include a second protrusion 5a7. The orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 overlaps at least partially with the second sub-pixel 352. The specific structure of the second protrusion 5a7 is the same as that of the second protrusion 5a7 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0266] The second filter layer 62 is disposed on the side of the second protrusion 5a7 opposite to the display back panel 10, and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53. The specific structure of the second filter layer 62 is the same as that of the second filter layer 62 in the example embodiments shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 10, and will not be described again here.

[0267] The difference between this embodiment and the example embodiments shown in Figures 5 and 10 is that the second protrusion 5a7 is included in a different film layer. Additionally, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85; for example, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 could be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.6; for example, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 could be 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, etc.

[0268] A third groove 5a5 is provided on the protective layer 55. The orthographic projection of the third groove 5a5 on the display back panel 10 overlaps at least partially with the third sub-pixel 353. The specific structure of the third groove 5a5 is the same as that of the third groove 5a5 in the example embodiments shown in FIG4 and FIG9, and will not be described again here.

[0269] The third filter layer 63 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. At least a portion of the third filter layer 63 is located in the second groove 5a4. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than that of the protective layer 55. The specific structure of the third filter layer 63 is the same as that of the third filter layer 63 in the example embodiments shown in FIG4 and FIG9, and will not be described again here.

[0270] The difference from the example embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 9 is that the refractive index of the protective layer 55 is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.5. For example, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 can be 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, etc. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the third filter layer 63 can be 1.67, 1.7, 1.73, etc.

[0271] Referring to Figure 11, in this case, the base layer 51 can be a first insulating layer 5a1, and the touch insulating layer 53 can be a second insulating layer 5a2; that is, a plurality of first recesses 5a11 are provided on the base layer 51, a portion of the first recesses 5a11 being located between adjacent first grooves 5a3 and second protrusions 5a7, a portion of the first recesses 5a11 being located between adjacent second protrusions 5a7 and third grooves 5a5, and a portion of the first recesses 5a11 being located between adjacent first grooves 5a3 and third grooves 5a5. A portion of the touch insulating layer 53 forms a first protrusion 5a21 within the first recesses 5a11.

[0272] Alternatively, the opening width of the first recess 5a11 is greater than or equal to 4 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the first recess 5a11 can be 4.2 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, 4.7 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc.

[0273] The refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. The refractive index of the substrate layer 51 is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.5. For example, the refractive index of the substrate layer 51 can be 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, etc. This makes the interface between the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21 a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is easily totally internally reflected at the total internal reflection interface, changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the total internal reflection light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0274] The first recessed portion 5a11 can be configured as a via, meaning that the first recessed portion 5a11 can penetrate the substrate layer 51. Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the first recessed portion 5a11 can be configured as a blind via, meaning that the first recessed portion 5a11 does not penetrate the substrate layer 51. In this case, the first recessed portion 5a11 is located on the side of the substrate layer 51 facing away from the display back panel 10, and the first protrusion 5a21 is located on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 near the display back panel 10.

[0275] The distance between the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 and its central axis in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 in the second direction Y increases, so that the first recess 5a11 forms a structure in which the opening is larger than the bottom.

[0276] Specifically, the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 includes an inclined surface, and the angle between the sidewall of the first recess and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the first recess and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0277] If the angle between the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the first protrusion 5a21 covers the sidewall of the first recess 5a11, it cannot fill the corner formed by the first recess 5a11 and the display back panel 10. That is, a gap is easily formed at the corner formed by the first recess 5a11 and the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve total reflection well, and the total reflection surface is lost, thus failing to achieve the focusing effect on the environment well.

[0278] Since the ambient light is incident from the first protrusion 5a21 to the first recess 5a11 from a denser medium to a less dense medium, light rays with a larger tilt angle are more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the interface. If the angle between the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 and the first reference plane is too small, the sidewall of the first recess 5a11 will be relatively flat, causing the ambient light to fail to undergo total internal reflection. Even if some light rays are refracted and emitted, they will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0279] The above-mentioned numerical range enables total internal reflection of ambient light at the interface between the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21, and also enables the light emitted through total internal reflection to converge.

[0280] Referring to FIG12, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the protective layer 55 may be a first insulating layer 5a1, the first recess 5a11 is provided on the side of the protective layer 55 near the display back panel 10, the touch insulating layer 53 may be a second insulating layer 5a2, the first protrusion 5a21 is included in the touch insulating layer 53, and the first protrusion 5a21 is spaced apart from other parts of the touch insulating layer 53. The side of the first protrusion 5a21 facing away from the display back panel 10 is an arc surface protruding away from the display back panel 10. For example, the side of the first protrusion 5a21 facing away from the display back panel 10 may be a circular arc surface, an elliptical arc surface, or a parabolic arc surface protruding away from the display back panel 10. The side of the first protrusion 5a21 facing away from the display back panel 10 may also be other regular or irregular arc surfaces protruding away from the display back panel 10, which will not be described in detail here.

[0281] This configuration causes the first protrusion 5a21 to form a converging lens. Furthermore, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than that of the protective layer 55, as explained above. This causes the ambient light incident at the interface between the first protrusion 5a21 and the first recess 5a11 to be refracted, and the originally divergent light rays to converge into an approximately parallel state. The light rays then pass through the first through-hole 1011 to the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0282] Since the first recessed portion 5a11 is formed following the first protrusion 5a21, the first recessed portion 5a11 is configured as an arc surface that is recessed towards the side of the display back panel 10. Moreover, the specific structure of the arc surface of the first recessed portion 5a11 is the same as the specific structure of the arc surface of the first protrusion 5a21, that is, the arc surface of the first protrusion 5a21 is a circular arc surface, and the arc surface of the first recessed portion 5a11 is also a circular arc surface.

[0283] The side of the first protrusion 5a21 that connects to the touch insulating layer 53, near the base layer 51, can be configured as a concave arc surface.

[0284] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the top surface of the first protrusion 5a21 facing away from the display back panel 10 may also include a portion of a plane, and the side surface of the first protrusion 5a21 may also include a portion of a plane, such that the cross-section of the first protrusion 5a21 along the second direction Y is a rounded trapezoidal structure. The first protrusion 5a21 may also be located on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 facing away from the display back panel 10, so that there is no gap between the first protrusion 5a21 and other parts of the touch insulating layer 53, that is, the first protrusion 5a21 is interconnected with other parts of the touch insulating layer 53.

[0285] The width of the first protrusion 5a21 near the bottom of the display back panel 10 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the width of the first protrusion 5a21 near the bottom of the display back panel 10 in the first direction X can be 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc. The opening width of the first recess 5a11 is the same as the width of the first protrusion 5a21 near the bottom of the display back panel 10 in the first direction X.

[0286] The height of the first protrusion 5a21 in the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 2 micrometers. For example, the height of the first protrusion 5a21 in the second direction Y can be 1.3 micrometers, 1.5 micrometers, 1.8 micrometers, etc. The depth of the first recess 5a11 in the second direction Y is the same as the height of the first protrusion 5a21 in the second direction Y.

[0287] The first recessed portion 5a11 is configured as a blind hole to ensure that a refractive interface is formed between the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21.

[0288] Alternatively, referring to Figures 11 and 12, in the second display area AA2, a second recess 551 is provided on the side of the protective layer 55 facing away from the display back plate 10. The orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10.

[0289] Specifically, the shape of the second recess 551 can be the same as the shape of the first recess 5a11, and the opening size of the second recess 551 can be the same as the opening size of the first recess 5a11; or the opening width of the second recess 551 can be greater than or equal to 4 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers. For example, the opening width of the second recess 551 can be 4.2 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, 4.7 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 5.3 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers, 5.8 micrometers, etc.

[0290] The display panel may further include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 away from the display back panel 10. Specifically, the second planarization layer 8 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10, such that a portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located in the second recess 551 to form a second protrusion 81, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10.

[0291] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011, such that a portion of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011; or the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011.

[0292] The distance between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and its central axis in the first direction X increases as the height of the sidewall of the second recess 551 in the second direction Y increases, so that the second recess 551 forms a structure in which the opening is larger than the bottom.

[0293] Specifically, the sidewall of the second recess 551 includes an inclined surface, and the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 82°, etc.

[0294] If the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is too large, making the sidewall of the second recess 551 almost perpendicular to the display back panel 10, when the second protrusion 81 covers the sidewall of the second recess 551, it cannot fill the corner formed by the second recess 551 near the display back panel 10. That is, a gap is easily formed at the corner formed by the second recess 551 near the display back panel 10, which cannot achieve total reflection well, loses the total reflection surface and thus cannot achieve the convergence effect on the environment well.

[0295] Since the ambient light is emitted from the second protrusion 81 to the second recess 551 from a denser medium to a less dense medium, light rays with a larger tilt angle are more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the interface. If the angle between the sidewall of the second recess 551 and the first reference plane is too small, the sidewall of the second recess 551 will be relatively flat, causing the ambient light to fail to undergo total internal reflection. Even if some light rays are refracted and emitted, they will still have a diffusion effect on the light.

[0296] The above-mentioned numerical range enables total internal reflection of ambient light at the interface between the second recess 551 and the second protrusion 81, and also enables the light emitted through total internal reflection to converge.

[0297] Since the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55, specifically, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85. For example, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 can be 1.77, 1.8, 1.83, etc. This configuration makes the interface between the second recessed portion 551 and the second protruding portion 81 also form a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface to form total internal reflection light. In the structure shown in Figure 11, the incident angle of the ambient light is changed by two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, so that more light can pass through the first via 1011 to the photosensitive sensor, further improving the amount of ambient light entering and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensitive sensor. In the structure shown in Figure 12, the incident angle of the ambient light is further changed by one total internal reflection and one refraction, and the incident ambient light is more focused, so that more light can pass through the first through-hole 1011 to the photosensitive sensor, which further increases the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensures the recognition capability of the photosensitive sensor.

[0298] Referring to FIG13, in some example embodiments of this disclosure, a first groove 5a3 is provided on the base layer 51. The orthographic projection of the first groove 5a3 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351. The specific structure of the first groove 5a3 is the same as that of the first groove 5a3 in the example embodiments shown in FIG4 and FIG9, and will not be described again here.

[0299] The first filter layer 61 is disposed between the substrate layer 51 and the touch insulating layer 53. At least a portion of the first filter layer 61 is located within the first groove 5a3. The refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. The specific structure of the first filter layer 61 is the same as that in the example embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 9, and will not be described again here. Furthermore, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 and the refractive index of the substrate layer 51 are also the same as those described in the example embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 9, and will not be described again here.

[0300] Alternatively, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 can be greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the first filter layer 61 can be 1.68, 1.7, 1.72, etc.

[0301] The touch insulating layer 53 may include a second protrusion 5a7. The orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 overlaps at least partially with the second sub-pixel 352. The specific structure of the second protrusion 5a7 is the same as that of the second protrusion 5a7 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0302] The second filter layer 62 is at least disposed on the side of the second protrusion 5a7 away from the display back plate 10, and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53. The specific structure of the second filter layer 62 is the same as that of the second filter layer 62 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0303] The difference between this embodiment and the example embodiments shown in Figures 5 and 10 is that the second protrusion 5a7 is included in a different film layer. Additionally, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85; for example, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 could be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.6; for example, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 could be 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, etc.

[0304] The protective layer 55 may include a third protrusion 5a8, the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel 353; the specific structure of the third protrusion 5a8 is the same as that of the third protrusion 5a8 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0305] The third filter layer 63 is disposed on the side of the third protrusion 5a8 away from the display back plate 10 and covers at least part of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than the refractive index of the protective layer 55. The specific structure of the third filter layer 63 is the same as that of the third filter layer 63 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0306] The difference between this embodiment and the example embodiments shown in Figures 5 and 10 is that the third protrusion 5a8 is included in a different film layer. Furthermore, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85; for example, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 could be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.6; for example, the refractive index of the third filter layer 63 could be 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, etc.

[0307] In this case, the base layer 51 is the first insulating layer 5a1, and the touch insulating layer 53 is the second insulating layer 5a2. Specifically, the base layer 51 has multiple first recesses 5a11. A portion of the first recesses 5a11 are located between adjacent first grooves 5a3 and second protrusions 5a7; a portion of the first recesses 5a11 are located between adjacent second protrusions 5a7 and third protrusions 5a8; and a portion of the first recesses 5a11 are located between adjacent first grooves 5a3 and third protrusions 5a8. A portion of the touch insulating layer 53 forms a first protrusion 5a21 within the first recesses 5a11.

[0308] The specific structure of the first recess 5a11 has been described in detail above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0309] The refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than that of the substrate layer 51. The refractive index of the substrate layer 51 is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.5. For example, the refractive index of the substrate layer 51 can be 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, etc. This makes the interface between the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21 a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is easily totally internally reflected at the total internal reflection interface, changing the incident angle of the ambient light. Moreover, the total internal reflection light is more focused, and most of it can pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, increasing the amount of ambient light entering and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0310] Alternatively, as shown in FIG13, the second filter layer 62 may further include a second protrusion structure 621. The second protrusion structure 621 is disposed on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 away from the display back panel 10. At least two orthogonal projections of the second protrusion structure 621 on the display back panel 10 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, at least two second protrusion structures 621 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. For example, two orthogonal projections of the second protrusion structure 621 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, and three or more orthogonal projections of the second protrusion structure 621 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35.

[0311] Two adjacent second protruding structures 621 are spaced apart, and a second gap 622 is provided between two adjacent second protruding structures 621. The orthographic projection of the second gap 622 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first through hole 1011. For example, the orthographic projection of the second gap 622 on the display back panel 10 may cover the first through hole 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the second gap 622 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011.

[0312] A portion of the protective layer 55 is located within the second gap 622. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than that of the protective layer 55. The specific values ​​have been described in detail above and will not be repeated here. This makes the interface between the second protruding structure 621 and the protective layer 55 a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface to form total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0313] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second protruding structure 621 on the display back panel 10 may be located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, a second protruding structure 621 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. A second via 623 may be provided on the second protruding structure 621, such that the second protruding structure 621 is annular, and the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may at least partially overlap with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may be located within the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first via 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first via 1011.

[0314] A portion of the protective layer 55 is located within the second via 623. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than that of the protective layer 55, causing the interface between the second via 623 and the protective layer 55 to form a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light becomes more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0315] The width of the second protruding structure 621 near the bottom edge of the display back panel 10 is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers and less than or equal to 5 micrometers. For example, the width of the second protruding structure 621 near the bottom edge of the display back panel 10 can be 3.3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 3.8 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.2 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, 4.7 micrometers, etc. When a second via 623 is provided on the second protruding structure 621, the circumferential width of the second protruding structure 621 near the display back panel 10 is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers and less than or equal to 5 micrometers.

[0316] Alternatively, as shown in FIG14, the third filter layer 63 may further include a third protrusion structure 631. The third protrusion structure 631 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. At least two orthogonal projections of the third protrusion structure 631 on the display back panel 10 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, at least two third protrusion structures 631 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. For example, two orthogonal projections of the third protrusion structure 631 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, and three or more orthogonal projections of the third protrusion structure 631 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35.

[0317] Two adjacent third protrusions 631 are spaced apart, and a third gap 632 is provided between two adjacent third protrusions 631. The orthographic projection of the third gap 632 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the orthographic projection of the third gap 632 on the display back panel 10 may cover the first via 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the third gap 632 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first via 1011.

[0318] The display panel may also include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. A portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located within the third gap 632. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than that of the second planarization layer 8. The refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85. For example, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 can be 1.78, 1.8, 1.82, etc. This makes the interface between the third gap 632 and the second planarization layer 8 a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle incident from the display side of the display panel is easily subjected to total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0319] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 631 on the display back panel 10 may be located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, a third protrusion 631 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. A third via 633 may be provided on the third protrusion 631, such that the third protrusion 631 is configured as an annular shape, and the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may at least partially overlap with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may be located within the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first via 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first via 1011.

[0320] The display panel may also include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. A portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located within the third via 633. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than that of the second planarization layer 8, as specifically described above. This results in a total internal reflection interface between the third gap 632 and the second planarization layer 8. Ambient light with a large tilt angle incident from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light becomes more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0321] Alternatively, referring to FIG15, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, both a second protruding structure 621 and a third protruding structure 631 may be provided. The specific structures of the second protruding structure 621 and the third protruding structure 631 have been described in detail above, and therefore will not be repeated here. With this configuration, the incident angle of the ambient light is changed by three total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first through-hole 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0322] Alternatively, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, referring to FIG16, a second recess 551 is provided on the side of the protective layer 55 facing away from the display back plate 10 in the second display area AA2. The orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10.

[0323] The display panel may further include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 away from the display back panel 10. Specifically, the second planarization layer 8 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10, such that a portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located in the second recess 551 to form a second protrusion 81, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10.

[0324] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011, such that a portion of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011; or the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011.

[0325] With this configuration, since the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55, specifically, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85, for example, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 can be 1.77, 1.8, 1.83, etc.; this also forms a total internal reflection interface between the second recessed portion 551 and the second protruding portion 81. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface to form total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0326] The specific structures of the second recessed portion 551 and the second protruding portion 81 have been described in detail above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0327] Referring to FIG17, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the base layer 51 may include a first protrusion 5a6. The orthographic projection of the first protrusion 5a6 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel 351. The specific structure of the first protrusion 5a6 is the same as that of the first protrusion 5a6 in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0328] The first filter layer 61 is disposed on the side of the first protrusion 5a6 away from the display back plate 10 and covers at least part of the sidewall of the first protrusion 5a6. The refractive index of the first filter layer 61 is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer 51. The specific structure of the first filter layer 61 is the same as the specific structure of the second filter layer 62 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0329] The touch insulating layer 53 may include a second protrusion 5a7. The orthographic projection of the second protrusion 5a7 on the display back panel 10 overlaps at least partially with the second sub-pixel 352. The specific structure of the second protrusion 5a7 is the same as that of the second protrusion 5a7 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0330] The second filter layer 62 is disposed on the side of the second protrusion 5a7 away from the display back plate 10 and covers at least part of the sidewall of the second protrusion 5a7. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53. The specific structure of the second filter layer 62 is the same as the specific structure of the first filter layer 61 in the example embodiment shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0331] The difference from the second example embodiment lies in the film layer included in the second protrusion 5a7. Additionally, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85; for example, the refractive index of the touch insulating layer 53 could be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.6; for example, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 could be 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, etc.

[0332] The protective layer 55 may include a third protrusion 5a8, the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 5a8 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel 353; the specific structure of the third protrusion 5a8 is the same as that of the third protrusion 5a8 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0333] The third filter layer 63 is disposed on the side of the third protrusion 5a8 away from the display back plate 10 and covers at least part of the sidewall of the third protrusion 5a8. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than the refractive index of the protective layer 55. The specific structure of the third filter layer 63 is the same as that of the third filter layer 63 in the example embodiments shown in FIG5 and FIG10, and will not be described again here.

[0334] The difference between this embodiment and the example embodiments shown in Figures 5 and 10 is that the third protrusion 5a8 is included in a different film layer. Furthermore, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85; for example, the refractive index of the protective layer 55 could be 1.77, 1.79, 1.8, 1.82, 1.84, etc. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.6; for example, the refractive index of the second filter layer 62 could be 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, etc.

[0335] In this case, referring to FIG17, the touch insulating layer 53 is the first insulating layer 5a1, the first recess 5a11 is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 near the display back panel 10, the base layer 51 is the second insulating layer 5a2, and the first protrusion 5a21 is provided on the side of the base layer 51 away from the display back panel 10. The side of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 is an arc surface protruding away from the display back panel 10. For example, the side of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 can be a circular arc surface, an elliptical arc surface, or a parabolic arc surface protruding away from the display back panel 10. The side of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 can also be other regular or irregular arc surfaces protruding away from the display back panel 10. These will not be described in detail here.

[0336] This configuration allows the first protrusion 5a21 to form a converging lens. Furthermore, the refractive index of the base layer 51 is greater than that of the touch insulating layer 53, causing ambient light that is obliquely incident on the interface between the first protrusion 5a21 and the first recess 5a11 to be refracted. This also causes the originally divergent light to converge into an approximately parallel state, which is then transmitted to the photosensor through the first via 1011, thereby increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0337] Since the first recessed portion 5a11 is formed following the first protrusion 5a21, the first recessed portion 5a11 is configured as an arc surface that is recessed towards the side of the display back panel 10. Moreover, the specific structure of the arc surface of the first recessed portion 5a11 is the same as the specific structure of the arc surface of the first protrusion 5a21, that is, the arc surface of the first protrusion 5a21 is a circular arc surface, and the arc surface of the first recessed portion 5a11 is also a circular arc surface.

[0338] The side of the first protrusion 5a21 that connects to the base layer 51, near the base layer 51, can be configured as a concave arc surface.

[0339] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the top surface of the first protrusion 5a21 away from the display back panel 10 may also include a portion of a plane, and the side surface of the first protrusion 5a21 may also include a portion of a plane, so that the cross section of the first protrusion 5a21 along the second direction Y is a rounded trapezoidal structure.

[0340] The first protrusion 5a21 and the first recess 5a11, as well as other structures, have been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.

[0341] Alternatively, referring to FIG17, the second filter layer 62 may further include a second protrusion structure 621. The second protrusion structure 621 is disposed on the side of the touch insulating layer 53 away from the display back panel 10. At least two orthogonal projections of the second protrusion structure 621 on the display back panel 10 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, at least two second protrusion structures 621 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. For example, two orthogonal projections of the second protrusion structure 621 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, and three or more orthogonal projections of the second protrusion structure 621 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35.

[0342] Two adjacent second protruding structures 621 are spaced apart, and a second gap 622 is provided between two adjacent second protruding structures 621. The orthographic projection of the second gap 622 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first through hole 1011. For example, the orthographic projection of the second gap 622 on the display back panel 10 may cover the first through hole 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the second gap 622 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011.

[0343] A portion of the protective layer 55 is located within the second gap 622. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than that of the protective layer 55, causing the interface between the second protruding structure 621 and the protective layer 55 to form a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light becomes more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0344] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second protruding structure 621 on the display back panel 10 may be located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, a second protruding structure 621 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. A second via 623 may be provided on the second protruding structure 621, such that the second protruding structure 621 is annular, and the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may at least partially overlap with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may be located within the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first via 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the second via 623 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first via 1011.

[0345] A portion of the protective layer 55 is located within the second via 623. The refractive index of the second filter layer 62 is less than that of the protective layer 55, causing the interface between the second via 623 and the protective layer 55 to form a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light becomes more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0346] The second protruding structure 621 and other structures have been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.

[0347] Alternatively, referring to FIG18, the third filter layer 63 may further include a third protrusion structure 631. The third protrusion structure 631 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. At least two orthogonal projections of the third protrusion structure 631 on the display back panel 10 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, at least two third protrusion structures 631 are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. For example, two orthogonal projections of the third protrusion structure 631 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, and three or more orthogonal projections of the third protrusion structure 631 on the display back panel 10 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35.

[0348] Two adjacent third protrusions 631 are spaced apart, and a third gap 632 is provided between two adjacent third protrusions 631. The orthographic projection of the third gap 632 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the orthographic projection of the third gap 632 on the display back panel 10 may cover the first via 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the third gap 632 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first via 1011.

[0349] The display panel may also include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. A portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located within the third gap 632. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than that of the second planarization layer 8. The refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than or equal to 1.75 and less than or equal to 1.85. For example, the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 can be 1.78, 1.8, 1.82, etc. This makes the interface between the third gap 632 and the second planarization layer 8 a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle incident from the display side of the display panel is easily subjected to total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0350] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the third protrusion 631 on the display back panel 10 may be located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, that is, a third protrusion 631 may be provided between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. A third via 633 may be provided on the third protrusion 631, such that the third protrusion 631 is configured as an annular shape, and the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may at least partially overlap with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may be located within the first via 1011, or the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first via 1011, or a portion of the orthographic projection of the third via 633 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first via 1011.

[0351] The display panel may also include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10. A portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located within the third via 633. The refractive index of the third filter layer 63 is less than that of the second planarization layer 8, so that the interface between the third gap 632 and the second planarization layer 8 forms a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface to form total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes the incident angle of the ambient light through two total internal reflections, and makes the incident ambient light more focused, so that more light can pass through the first via 1011 to the photosensor, further improving the amount of ambient light entering and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0352] Alternatively, referring to FIG19, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, both a second protruding structure 621 and a third protruding structure 631 may be provided. The specific structures of the second protruding structure 621 and the third protruding structure 631 have been described in detail above, and therefore will not be repeated here. With this configuration, the incident angle of the ambient light is changed by three total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first through-hole 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0353] Alternatively, referring to FIG20, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, in the second display area AA2, a second recess 551 is provided on the side of the protective layer 55 facing away from the display back plate 10. The orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back plate 10.

[0354] The display panel may further include a second planarization layer 8, which is disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 away from the display back panel 10. Specifically, the second planarization layer 8 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 away from the display back panel 10, such that a portion of the second planarization layer 8 is located in the second recess 551 to form a second protrusion 81, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011, or the first via 1011 may cover and be larger than the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10, so that the first via 1011 completely covers the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10.

[0355] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a portion of the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011, such that a portion of the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also overlap with a portion of the first through hole 1011; or the orthographic projection of the second recess 551 on the display back panel 10 may cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011, such that the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 81 on the display back panel 10 may also cover and be larger than the first through hole 1011.

[0356] With this configuration, since the refractive index of the second planarization layer 8 is greater than that of the protective layer 55, the interface between the second recess 551 and the second protrusion 81 also forms a total internal reflection interface. Ambient light with a large tilt angle that enters from the display side of the display panel is more likely to undergo total internal reflection at the total internal reflection interface, forming total internal reflection light. The ambient light changes its incident angle through two total internal reflections, and the incident ambient light is more focused, allowing more light to pass through the first via 1011 to reach the photosensor, further increasing the amount of ambient light entering the sensor and further ensuring the recognition capability of the photosensor.

[0357] The specific structures of the second recessed portion 551 and the second protruding portion 81 have been described in detail above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0358] The distance between the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 and the center of the first through hole 1011 in the first direction X increases as the height of the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 in the second direction Y increases, so that the second gap 622 forms a roughly trapezoidal structure with the top larger than the bottom, or the second through hole 623 forms a roughly frustum structure with the top larger than the bottom; the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 is the side wall close to the center of the first through hole 1011.

[0359] The inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 includes an inclined surface. The angle between the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 83°, etc.

[0360] If the angle between the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 and the first reference plane is too large, making the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 almost perpendicular to the touch insulating layer 53, when the protective layer 55 covers the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621, it cannot fill the corner formed by the second protruding structure 621 and the touch insulating layer 53. That is, gaps are easily formed at the corner formed by the second protruding structure 621 and the touch insulating layer 53, which cannot achieve total reflection well, and the total reflection surface is lost, thus failing to achieve the converging effect of incident ambient light well.

[0361] Since the incident ambient light from the protective layer 55 to the second protruding structure 621 is from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium, total internal reflection is required. If the angle between the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 and the first reference plane is too small, making the inner wall of the second protruding structure 621 relatively flat, total internal reflection will not be possible, the incident angle of the ambient light cannot be adjusted, and thus the amount of ambient light entering the system cannot be increased.

[0362] The above-mentioned numerical range allows for angle adjustment of the incident ambient light at the interface between the second protruding structure 621 and the protective layer 55, thereby increasing the amount of ambient light entering the system.

[0363] The distance between the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 and the center of the first through hole 1011 in the first direction X increases as the height of the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 in the second direction Y increases, so that the third gap 632 forms a roughly trapezoidal structure with the top larger than the bottom, or the third through hole 633 forms a roughly frustum structure with the top larger than the bottom; the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 is the side wall close to the center of the first through hole 1011.

[0364] The inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 includes an inclined surface. The angle between the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. For example, the angle between the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 and the first reference plane can be 57°, 60°, 63°, 65°, 68°, 70°, 72°, 75°, 77°, 80°, 83°, etc.

[0365] If the angle between the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 and the first reference plane is too large, making the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 almost perpendicular to the touch insulating layer 53, when the second planarization layer 8 covers the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631, it cannot fill the corner formed by the third protruding structure 631 and the touch insulating layer 53. That is, gaps are easily formed at the corner formed by the third protruding structure 631 and the touch insulating layer 53, which cannot achieve total reflection well, and the total reflection surface is lost, thus failing to achieve the converging effect of incident ambient light well.

[0366] Since the incident ambient light from the second planarization layer 8 to the third protruding structure 631 needs to undergo total internal reflection from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium, if the angle between the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 and the first reference plane is too small, making the inner wall of the third protruding structure 631 relatively flat, total internal reflection will not be able to occur, the incident angle of the ambient light cannot be adjusted, and thus the amount of ambient light entering the system cannot be increased.

[0367] The above-mentioned numerical range allows for angle adjustment of the incident ambient light at the interface between the third protruding structure 631 and the second planarization layer 8, thereby increasing the amount of ambient light entering the environment.

[0368] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 9-20, the display panel may further include a second light-shielding layer 7. The second light-shielding layer 7 is disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 opposite to the display back panel 10. Specifically, the second light-shielding layer 7 is disposed on the side of the protective layer 55 opposite to the display back panel 10. The second light-shielding layer 7 is provided with a plurality of fourth vias 71. The orthographic projection of the fourth vias 71 on the display back panel 10 covers the sub-pixels 35, so that the light emitted through each sub-pixel 35 can be emitted through the fourth vias 71, thus preventing the second light-shielding layer 7 from blocking the light emitted by each sub-pixel 35.

[0369] In the second display area AA2, a fifth via 72 is provided on the second light-shielding layer 7. The orthographic projection of the fifth via 72 on the display back panel 10 is located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35. The orthographic projection of the fifth via 72 on the display back panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the first via 1011. For example, the edge line of the orthographic projection of the fifth via 72 on the display back panel 10 may coincide with the edge line of the first via 1011; the orthographic projection of the fifth via 72 on the display back panel 10 may be located within the first via 1011; the first via 1011 may be located within the orthographic projection of the fifth via 72 on the display back panel 10; or a portion of the orthographic projection of the fifth via 72 on the display back panel 10 may overlap with the first via 1011. This allows ambient light to enter the display panel through the fifth via 72 and be projected onto the non-display side of the display panel through the first via 1011, enabling the photosensor located in the second display area AA2 to receive ambient light.

[0370] Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the second light-shielding layer 7 may also be disposed on the side of the touch layer group 5 near the display back panel 10, and the second light-shielding layer 7 may also be disposed between any two film layers in the touch layer group 5.

[0371] Referring to Figures 14, 15, 18, and 19, when the display panel includes a third light filter layer 63, and the third light filter layer 63 includes a third protruding structure 631, the third gap or third via between the third protruding structures 631 is located within the fifth via 72. Specifically, the third protruding structure 631 is located within the fifth via 72, thereby ensuring that the third gap or third via between the third protruding structures 631 is located within the fifth via 72. This allows the incident ambient light to first undergo total internal reflection through the third protruding structure 631, changing the incident angle and preventing the second light-shielding layer 7 from affecting the total internal reflection surface of the third protruding structure 631.

[0372] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 9-20, the first touch function layer 52 may include a first grid line 521. The orthographic projection of the first grid line 521 on the display back panel 10 is located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, so as to avoid the first touch function layer 52 blocking the light emission of each sub-pixel 35 and ensure the light emission efficiency of the display panel.

[0373] In the first direction X, the distance between the first grid line 521 and the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers. For example, the distance between the first grid line 521 and the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 can be 3.5 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, etc.

[0374] During the manufacturing process, certain deviations will inevitably occur. If the distance between the first grid line 521 and the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21 is too small, the first grid line 521 will overlap with the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21, thereby affecting the light transmission effect at the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21, and thus affecting the amount of ambient light incident.

[0375] The second touch function layer 54 may include a second grid line 541. The orthographic projection of the second grid line 541 on the display back panel 10 is located between two adjacent sub-pixels 35, so as to avoid the second touch function layer 54 blocking the light emission of each sub-pixel 35 and ensure the light emission efficiency of the display panel.

[0376] In the first direction X, the distance between the second grid line 541 and the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers. For example, the distance between the second grid line 541 and the first recess 5a11 and the first protrusion 5a21 can be 3.5 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, etc.

[0377] Similarly, certain deviations will inevitably occur during the preparation process. If the distance between the second grid line 541 and the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21 is too small, the second grid line 541 will overlap with the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21, thereby affecting the light transmission effect at the first recessed portion 5a11 and the first protruding portion 5a21, and thus affecting the amount of ambient light incident.

[0378] By placing the first filter layer 61, the second filter layer 62, and the third filter layer 63 at different heights, or by setting them to different structures, color shift can be avoided due to differences in light extraction efficiency caused by the different refractive indices of the first filter layer 61, the second filter layer 62, and the third filter layer 63. This ensures that the intensity of the light emitted through the first filter layer 61, the second filter layer 62, and the third filter layer 63 basically meets the requirements, thus preventing color shift.

[0379] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure provides a display device that may include the display panel described in any of the above-described embodiments. The specific structure of the display panel has been described in detail above, and therefore will not be repeated here.

[0380] The display device may also include a light sensor located on the non-display side of the display panel, specifically in the second display area AA2. The light sensor may be a camera, a light-sensitive fingerprint sensor, or the like.

[0381] The specific type of display device is not particularly limited; any type of display device commonly used in the field is acceptable, such as mobile devices like mobile phones, wearable devices like watches, VR devices, etc. Those skilled in the art can make the appropriate selection based on the specific purpose of the display device, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0382] It should be noted that, in addition to the display panel, the display device also includes other necessary components and parts. Taking the monitor as an example, these include, for instance, the casing, circuit board, power cord, etc. Those skilled in the art can supplement these components according to the specific usage requirements of the display device, and will not be elaborated here.

[0383] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the display device provided by the example embodiments of the present invention are the same as the beneficial effects of the display panel provided by the example embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0384] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display panel having a first display area and a second display area, wherein, The display panel includes: The display back panel includes a first light-shielding layer, and a first via is provided on the first light-shielding layer in the second display area; the display back panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the first via is located between two adjacent sub-pixels. A touch layer assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display back panel. The touch layer assembly includes at least two insulating layers, including a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer. The refractive index of the second insulating layer is greater than that of the first insulating layer. In the second display area, a first recess is provided on the first insulating layer. The orthographic projection of the first recess on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via. A portion of the second insulating layer is located within the first recess to form a first protrusion.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, At least two first vias are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein, At least two of the first vias include at least one annular via, and at least two of the first vias are nested together; or, at least two of the first vias include at least one annular via, and at least two of the first vias are nested together and concentrically arranged; or, at least two of the first vias are arranged according to a predetermined pattern.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixels includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel, and the touch layer group includes: A base layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display back panel; The first touch function layer is located on the side of the base layer opposite to the display back panel; A touch-insulating layer is disposed on the side of the first touch function layer opposite to the display back panel; The second touch function layer is located on the side of the touch insulating layer opposite to the display back panel; A protective layer is disposed on the side of the second touch function layer opposite to the display back panel.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein, The base layer is provided with a first groove, a second groove and a third groove. The orthographic projection of the first groove on the display back panel overlaps at least partially with the first sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the second groove on the display back panel overlaps at least partially with the second sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the third groove on the display back panel overlaps at least partially with the third sub-pixel. The display panel also includes: A first filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the first filter layer is located within the first groove, and the refractive index of the first filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer; A second filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the second filter layer is located within the second groove, and the refractive index of the second filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer; A third filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the third filter layer is located within the third groove, and the refractive index of the third filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer; The base layer is the first insulating layer, and the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer.

6. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein, The base layer includes a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion. The orthographic projection of the first protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the third protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel. The display panel further includes: A first filter layer is disposed on the side of the first protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion. The refractive index of the first filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer. A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer. A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the third protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer. The touch insulating layer is the first insulating layer, and the first recess is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer near the display back panel. The base layer is the second insulating layer, and the first protrusion is provided on the side of the base layer away from the display back panel.

7. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein, A first groove is provided on the base layer, and the orthographic projection of the first groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel; the touch insulating layer includes a second protrusion, and the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel; a third groove is provided on the protective layer, and the orthographic projection of the third groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel; the display panel further includes: A first filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the first filter layer is located within the first groove, and the refractive index of the first filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer; A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer. A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the protective layer opposite to the display back panel. At least a portion of the third filter layer is located within the third groove. The refractive index of the third filter layer is greater than that of the protective layer. The base layer is the first insulating layer, and the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer; or, the protective layer is the first insulating layer, the first recess is provided on the side of the protective layer near the display back panel, the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer, and the first protrusion is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer away from the display back panel; or, the first protrusion is included in the touch insulating layer, and the first protrusion is spaced apart from other parts of the touch insulating layer.

8. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein, A first groove is provided on the base layer, and the orthographic projection of the first groove on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel; the touch insulating layer includes a second protrusion, and the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel; the protective layer includes a third protrusion, and the orthographic projection of the third protrusion on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel; the display panel further includes: A first filter layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the touch insulating layer, at least a portion of the first filter layer is located within the first groove, and the refractive index of the first filter layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer; A second filter layer is provided at least on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer. A third filter layer is provided at least on the side of the third protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than that of the protective layer. The base layer is the first insulating layer, and the touch insulating layer is the second insulating layer.

9. The display panel according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein, The display panel also includes: The second planarization layer is disposed on the side of the touch layer group away from the display back panel. In the second display area, the protective layer has a second recess on the side away from the display back panel. The orthographic projection of the second recess on the display back panel overlaps at least partially with the first via. A portion of the second planarization layer is located in the second recess to form a second protrusion. The refractive index of the second planarization layer is greater than that of the protective layer.

10. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein, The base layer includes a first protrusion, the orthographic projection of which on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first sub-pixel; the touch insulating layer includes a second protrusion, the orthographic projection of which on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the second sub-pixel; the protective layer includes a third protrusion, the orthographic projection of which on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the third sub-pixel; the display panel further includes: A first filter layer is disposed on the side of the first protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the first protrusion. The refractive index of the first filter layer is less than the refractive index of the substrate layer. A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the second protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the second protrusion. The refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the touch insulating layer. A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the third protrusion away from the display back panel and covers at least a portion of the sidewall of the third protrusion. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than that of the protective layer. The touch insulating layer is the first insulating layer, and the first recess is provided on the side of the touch insulating layer near the display back panel. The base layer is the second insulating layer, and the first protrusion is provided on the side of the base layer away from the display back panel.

11. The display panel according to claim 8 or 10, wherein, The second filter layer also includes: A second protruding structure is disposed on the side of the touch insulating layer facing away from the display back panel; at least two orthographic projections of the second protruding structures on the display back panel are disposed between two adjacent sub-pixels, and a second gap is disposed between two adjacent second protruding structures, the orthographic projection of the second gap on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via; or, the orthographic projection of the second protruding structure on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels, a second via is disposed on the second protruding structure, the orthographic projection of the second via on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via; a portion of the protective layer is located within the second gap or the second via, and the refractive index of the second filter layer is less than the refractive index of the protective layer; And / or, the third filter layer further includes: A third protruding structure is disposed on the side of the protective layer opposite to the display back panel. At least two orthographic projections of the third protruding structures on the display back panel are provided between two adjacent sub-pixels, and a third gap is provided between two adjacent third protruding structures. The orthographic projection of the third gap on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via. Alternatively, the orthographic projection of the third protruding structure on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels, and a third via is provided on the third protruding structure. The orthographic projection of the third via on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via. The display panel further includes: The second planarization layer is disposed on the side of the protective layer away from the display back panel. A portion of the second planarization layer is located within the third gap or the third via. The refractive index of the third filter layer is less than that of the second planarization layer.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The distance between the inner wall of the second protruding structure and the center of the first through hole in the first direction increases as the height of the inner wall of the second protruding structure in the second direction increases, and the inner wall of the second protruding structure is a side wall close to the center of the first through hole; and / or, the distance between the inner wall of the third protruding structure and the center of the first through hole in the first direction increases as the height of the inner wall of the third protruding structure in the second direction increases, and the inner wall of the third protruding structure is a side wall close to the center of the first through hole; The first direction is parallel to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed, and the second direction is perpendicular to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed.

13. The display panel according to claim 12, wherein, The inner wall of the second protruding structure includes a slope, and the angle between the inner wall of the second protruding structure and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. Alternatively, the inner wall of the third protruding structure includes a slope, and the angle between the inner wall of the third protruding structure and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. The first reference plane is parallel to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed.

14. The display panel according to claim 6, 7 or 10, wherein, When the first protrusion is located on the side of the insulating layer away from the display back panel, the side of the first protrusion away from the display back panel is an arc surface that protrudes away from the display back panel.

15. The display panel according to claim 6, 7 or 10, wherein, When the first recess is located on the side of the insulating layer near the display back panel, the first recess is configured as a blind hole.

16. The display panel according to claim 5, 7 or 8, wherein, When the base layer is the first insulating layer, the first recess is configured as a via.

17. The display panel according to claim 16, wherein, The distance between the sidewall of the first recess and its central axis in the first direction increases as the height of the sidewall of the first recess in the second direction increases. The first direction is parallel to the side of the display back panel on which the touch layer group is disposed.

18. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein, The sidewall of the first recess includes a slope, and the angle between the sidewall of the first recess and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 55° and less than or equal to 85°. The first reference plane is parallel to the side of the display back panel on which the touch layer group is disposed.

19. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The display panel also includes: The second light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the touch layer group away from or close to the display back panel, or between any two film layers in the touch layer group. The second light-shielding layer is provided with a plurality of fourth vias, and the orthographic projection of the fourth vias on the display back panel covers the sub-pixel. In the second display area, the second light-shielding layer is provided with a fifth via, and the orthographic projection of the fifth via on the display back panel at least partially overlaps with the first via.

20. The display panel according to claim 19, wherein, When the display panel includes a third filter layer, and the third filter layer includes a third protruding structure, the third gap between the third protruding structures or the third via of the third protruding structure is located within the fifth via.

21. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein, The first touch function layer includes a first grid line. The orthographic projection of the first grid line on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels. In a first direction, the distance between the first grid line and the first recess and the first protrusion is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers. The second touch function layer includes a second grid line. The orthographic projection of the second grid line on the display back panel is located between two adjacent sub-pixels. In the first direction, the distance between the second grid line and the first recess and the first protrusion is greater than or equal to 3 micrometers. The first direction is parallel to the side of the display back panel where the touch layer group is disposed.

22. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The first light-shielding layer is a pixel definition layer.

23. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The insulating layer is made of organic materials.

24. A display device, wherein, include: The display panel is the display panel described in any one of claims 1 to 23; A photosensor is located on the non-display side of the display panel, and in the second display area.

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