Control method and system for greenhouse vent

Abstract

A control method for a greenhouse vent, comprising: collecting adjustment data of a vent on the basis of a sensor, the adjustment data being one of environmental data inside a greenhouse, the opening / closing width and opening / closing angle of the vent, and the current stroke of a servo motor mounted at the vent; generating a vent adjustment instruction on the basis of the adjustment data, wherein the vent adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated on the basis of the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated on the basis of the opening / closing width and opening / closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated on the basis of the current stroke; and adjusting the opening area of the vent on the basis of the vent adjustment instruction. The method achieves precise monitoring of the opening area of a vent and effective regulation and control of the internal environment of a greenhouse. Also disclosed is a control system for a greenhouse vent.

Description

A method and system for controlling greenhouse ventilation openings Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of greenhouse technology, and further to a method and system for controlling greenhouse ventilation openings. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, greenhouse environmental monitoring technology can accurately measure key parameters such as indoor temperature, humidity, and light intensity, providing a scientific basis for crop growth. However, existing technologies still have significant shortcomings in monitoring greenhouse ventilation openings. The opening area of ​​ventilation openings is one of the key factors affecting the regulation of the internal environment of greenhouses, but the lack of high-precision monitoring methods directly affects the effective regulation of the internal environment of greenhouses. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a method and system for controlling greenhouse ventilation openings, which enables precise monitoring of the opening area of ​​the ventilation openings and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for controlling a greenhouse ventilation opening, comprising: collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening based on sensors, wherein the adjustment data is one of environmental data inside the greenhouse, the opening and closing width and opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and the current stroke of a servo motor installed in the ventilation opening; generating a ventilation opening adjustment command based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment command is any one of a first adjustment command generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment command generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment command generated based on the current stroke; and adjusting the opening area of ​​the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment command.

[0005] The above control method, based on the greenhouse internal environment data collected by sensors, the opening and closing width and angle of the ventilation openings, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed at the ventilation openings, can generate precise ventilation opening adjustment commands, realizing accurate monitoring of the ventilation opening area and effective control of the greenhouse internal environment.

[0006] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the environmental data, generating the vent adjustment command based on the adjustment data specifically includes: calculating the airflow inside the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse; calculating the plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity; calculating the current opening area of ​​the vent based on the airflow and the pre-measured air velocity and drag coefficient of the vent; generating a first adjustment command based on the current opening area, the airflow, and the plant transpiration, and using the first adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0007] The above control method utilizes environmental data collected by sensors within the greenhouse, including temperature, humidity, and wind speed, combined with a linear regression model to accurately calculate the airflow within the greenhouse. Furthermore, based on the linear regression model and temperature and humidity data, the transpiration rate of the plants can be calculated. In addition, by combining the airflow rate with pre-measured air velocity and drag coefficients at the vents, the current opening area of ​​the vents can be accurately calculated, achieving precise monitoring of the vent opening area. Finally, based on the current opening area, airflow rate, and plant transpiration rate, a first adjustment command is generated, which serves as the vent adjustment command. The actuator adjusts the vent opening area based on this command, achieving effective control of the greenhouse environment. Simultaneously, it avoids the increased manpower required for manual vent adjustment, reduces production costs, and further improves crop yield and quality.

[0008] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the opening width and the opening angle, generating the vent adjustment command based on the adjustment data specifically includes: calculating the opening width deviation and the opening angle deviation based on the opening width, the opening angle, a preset target opening width, and a preset target opening angle; when the absolute value of the opening width deviation is greater than a threshold or the absolute value of the opening angle deviation is greater than a threshold, generating a second adjustment command, and using the second adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0009] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the opening / closing width and the opening / closing angle, the adjustment data based on the sensor collecting the vent specifically includes: controlling the sensor to collect the opening / closing angle of the vent; controlling the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the vent and receive a second pulse signal reflected by the vent; and determining the opening / closing width based on the time difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

[0010] The above control method uses a sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the vent and receive the reflected second pulse signal, precisely determining the opening width of the vent by utilizing the time difference between the two signals. Then, based on the difference between the actual measured opening width and angle and the preset target values, the system calculates the opening width deviation and angle deviation. When these deviations exceed preset thresholds, a second adjustment command is generated and executed to adjust the greenhouse vent. This process achieves accurate monitoring of the greenhouse vent opening area and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse, and also solves the problems of inaccurate measurement and lag in traditional methods of monitoring vent opening area. Real-time analysis and automatic adjustment of the data collected by the sensors significantly improve the airflow and temperature control within the greenhouse, contributing to a more suitable environment for crop growth. Furthermore, using a combination of different types of sensors increases the redundancy of the entire system, ensuring normal operation even if one sensor fails.

[0011] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the current travel distance, generating the vent adjustment command based on the adjustment data specifically includes: comparing the current travel distance with a preset servo motor travel distance, wherein the preset servo motor travel distance includes a first preset travel distance and a second preset travel distance; when the current travel distance is greater than the first preset travel distance or the current travel distance is less than the second preset travel distance, generating a third adjustment command, and using the third adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0012] The above control method compares the current travel distance with a preset servo motor travel distance. When the current travel distance is greater than a first preset travel distance or less than a second preset travel distance, a third adjustment command is generated and used as the ventilation opening adjustment command. This allows the servo motor to adjust the opening area of ​​the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment command. This process, by introducing advanced sensor technology and precision servo motors, significantly improves the accuracy and stability of ventilation opening monitoring, enabling greenhouse managers to grasp the ventilation status more promptly and accurately, and thus make scientific and reasonable decisions. At the same time, the fully automated monitoring process greatly reduces the labor intensity of staff, saves human and material resources, and also improves production efficiency.

[0013] Secondly, this application also provides a control system for a greenhouse ventilation opening, comprising: a sensor configured to collect adjustment data of the ventilation opening, wherein the adjustment data is one of environmental data inside the greenhouse, the opening width and opening angle of the ventilation opening, and the current stroke of a servo motor installed in the ventilation opening; a monitoring device configured to generate a ventilation opening adjustment command based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment command is any one of a first adjustment command generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment command generated based on the opening width and the opening angle, and a third adjustment command generated based on the current stroke; and an execution device configured to adjust the opening area of ​​the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment command.

[0014] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the environmental data, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the airflow inside the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse; the monitoring device is configured to calculate the plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity; the monitoring device is configured to calculate the current opening area of ​​the vent based on the airflow, the plant transpiration, and pre-measured air velocity and resistance coefficient of the vent; the monitoring device is configured to generate a first adjustment command based on the current opening area, the airflow, and the plant transpiration, and use the first adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0015] In one implementation, when the adjustment data are the opening width and the opening angle, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the opening width deviation and the opening angle deviation based on the opening width, the opening angle, a preset target opening width, and a preset target opening angle; the monitoring device is configured to generate a second adjustment command when the absolute value of the opening width deviation is greater than a threshold or the absolute value of the opening angle deviation is greater than a threshold, and to use the second adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0016] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the current travel distance, the actuator is the servo motor; the monitoring device is configured to compare the current travel distance with a preset servo motor travel distance, wherein the preset servo motor travel distance includes a first preset travel distance and a second preset travel distance; the monitoring device is configured to generate a third adjustment command when the current travel distance is greater than the first preset travel distance or the current travel distance is less than the second preset travel distance, and to use the third adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0017] In one implementation, the servo motor is configured to rotate by a corresponding angle in the direction indicated by the vent adjustment command until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than the first preset stroke or greater than the second preset stroke.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Based on the data of the internal environment of the greenhouse collected by sensors, the opening width and opening angle of the vents, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed at the vents, precise vent adjustment commands can be generated, realizing accurate monitoring of the vent opening area and effective control of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

[0020] 2. By utilizing sensor-collected environmental data from inside the greenhouse, including temperature, humidity, and wind speed, and combining this data with a linear regression model, the airflow within the greenhouse can be accurately calculated. Furthermore, based on the linear regression model and temperature and humidity data, plant transpiration can be calculated. In addition, by combining the airflow with pre-measured air velocity and drag coefficients at the vents, the current opening area of ​​the vents can be accurately calculated, achieving precise monitoring of the greenhouse vent opening area. Finally, based on the current opening area, airflow, and plant transpiration, a first adjustment command is generated, which serves as the vent adjustment command. The actuator adjusts the vent opening area based on this command, achieving effective control of the greenhouse environment. Simultaneously, this avoids the increased manpower required for manual vent adjustment, reduces production costs, and further improves crop yield and quality.

[0021] 3. By controlling the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the vent and receive the reflected second pulse signal, the opening width of the vent is accurately determined using the time difference between the two signals. Then, based on the difference between the actual measured opening width and angle and the preset target values, the system calculates the opening width deviation and angle deviation. When these deviations exceed preset thresholds, a second adjustment command is generated and executed to adjust the greenhouse vent. This process achieves accurate monitoring of the greenhouse vent opening area and effective control of the internal environment of the greenhouse, and also solves the problems of inaccurate measurement and lag in traditional methods of monitoring vent opening area. Through real-time analysis and automatic adjustment of the data collected by the sensors, the effect of airflow and temperature control inside the greenhouse is significantly improved, which is conducive to creating a more suitable crop growth environment. At the same time, using a combination of different types of sensors to collect data increases the redundancy of the entire system, ensuring the normal operation of the entire system even if one sensor fails.

[0022] 4. By comparing the current travel distance with the preset servo motor travel distance, a third adjustment command is generated when the current travel distance is greater than the first preset travel distance or less than the second preset travel distance. This third adjustment command is then used as the ventilation opening adjustment command, causing the servo motor to adjust the opening area of ​​the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment command. This process, by introducing advanced sensor technology and precision servo motors, significantly improves the accuracy and stability of ventilation opening monitoring, enabling greenhouse managers to grasp the ventilation status more promptly and accurately, and thus make scientific and reasonable decisions. At the same time, the fully automated monitoring process greatly reduces the labor intensity of staff, saves human and material resources, and also improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The preferred embodiments will now be described in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages, and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 shows a flowchart of a method for controlling a greenhouse ventilation opening according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 shows a flowchart of generating a vent adjustment command according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of generating a vent adjustment command according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 shows a framework diagram of a control system for a greenhouse ventilation opening provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] To keep the drawings concise, each figure only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention, and these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, to facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one."

[0030] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0031] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] A greenhouse is a facility that uses sunlight as its primary light source, converting light energy into heat energy through its structure to provide suitable environmental conditions for plant growth. The temperature and humidity conditions inside the greenhouse are crucial for crop growth. To maintain suitable environmental conditions, greenhouses are equipped with ventilation openings (including top / bottom openings) to regulate airflow, temperature, and humidity. In this embodiment, sensors are installed in the greenhouse, and the data collected by the sensors is processed by a related data processing device to obtain the opening area of ​​the ventilation openings (or the opening width and angle), generating corresponding ventilation opening adjustment commands. The execution device adjusts the opening area of ​​the ventilation openings based on these commands, achieving at least one beneficial effect: accurate monitoring of the ventilation opening area and effective control of the internal environment of the greenhouse; or reducing production costs and improving crop quality and yield.

[0035] The following explanation is based on the accompanying diagram:

[0036] Referring to Figure 1, a flowchart of a method for controlling a greenhouse ventilation opening according to an embodiment of this application is shown. As shown in Figure 1, it includes:

[0037] S100 collects adjustment data of the ventilation opening based on sensors. The adjustment data includes one of the following: environmental data inside the greenhouse, opening and closing width and angle of the ventilation opening, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed at the ventilation opening.

[0038] S110, generate ventilation opening adjustment instructions based on adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instructions are any one of the following: a first adjustment instruction generated based on environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on opening and closing width and opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke.

[0039] S120 adjusts the opening area of ​​the vent based on the vent adjustment command.

[0040] Sensors can be installed at appropriate locations within the greenhouse. For example, sensors that collect environmental data inside the greenhouse can be installed inside the greenhouse, sensors that collect the opening width and angle of vents can be installed at the vents, and sensors that collect the current stroke of servo motors installed at the vents can be installed at the opening / closing points of the vents.

[0041] A communication link is established between the sensor and the monitoring device, and the parameter settings of the monitoring device are initialized to enable the monitoring device to effectively receive adjustment data from the sensor. The monitoring device processes the adjustment data sent by the sensor according to a preset algorithm, thereby generating corresponding ventilation opening adjustment commands, and sends the ventilation opening adjustment commands to the actuator. The actuator adjusts the opening area of ​​the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment commands. Different ventilation opening adjustment commands correspond to different actuators. For example, the actuator for the first adjustment command can be an electric actuator; the actuator for the second adjustment command can be an electric actuator Z-789, or a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder; the actuator for the third adjustment command can be a servo motor or other types of motor.

[0042] In this embodiment, based on the data of the internal environment of the greenhouse collected by sensors, the opening width and opening angle of the vents, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed at the vents, precise vent adjustment commands can be generated, realizing accurate monitoring of the vent opening area and effective control of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

[0043] Referring to Figure 2, a flowchart illustrating a method for generating vent adjustment commands according to an embodiment of this application is shown. As shown in Figure 2, it includes:

[0044] S200 calculates the airflow inside a greenhouse based on environmental data and a linear regression model. The environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse.

[0045] S210 calculates plant transpiration based on a linear regression model, temperature, and humidity.

[0046] S220 calculates the current opening area of ​​the vent based on the airflow rate and the pre-measured airflow velocity and drag coefficient of the vent.

[0047] S230 generates a first adjustment command based on the current opening area, airflow, and plant transpiration, and uses the first adjustment command as the vent adjustment command.

[0048] When adjusting for environmental data, sensors can be temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and wind speed sensors. Actuators can include electric drives, fans, humidifiers, etc. The wind speed sensor can be an ultrasonic wind speed sensor or a hot-wire wind speed sensor (or hot-wire anemometer), offering high sensitivity and stability; the temperature sensor can be a digital NTC thermistor with an accuracy of ±0.5℃; the humidity sensor can be a polymer film capacitive humidity sensor, providing rapid response and long-term stability. The monitoring device (or data processing center) can be an embedded microcontroller supporting multiple communication protocols, facilitating integration with third-party devices. Data transmission between the monitoring device and sensors can occur via a communication module. This communication module can utilize wireless transmission technologies such as LoRa, Wi-Fi, or Bluetooth to ensure reliable and secure data transmission. Alternatively, wired transmission can also be used between the monitoring device and sensors.

[0049] Temperature, humidity, and wind speed sensors are placed in appropriate locations inside the greenhouse and calibrated. Basic parameters of the monitoring device are set, such as the frequency of data collection and alarm thresholds. The connectivity and functional integrity of the sensors, monitoring device, and actuators are tested. If a sensor malfunctions, it can be replaced with another sensor of the same type. Temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse are periodically sampled using the temperature, humidity, and wind speed sensors. The monitoring device calculates the airflow inside the greenhouse based on temperature, humidity, wind speed, and a linear regression model, using the formula: AirFlow = a*W + b*T + c*H + d. Simultaneously, the monitoring device calculates plant transpiration based on temperature, humidity, and a linear regression model, using the formula: Transpiration = e*T + f*H. Here, AirFlow represents airflow, Transpiration represents transpiration, T represents temperature, H represents humidity, W represents wind speed, and a, b, c, d, e, and f are the coefficients of the linear regression model, which can be obtained through training with historical data.

[0050] Furthermore, the monitoring device calculates the current opening area of ​​the vent based on the airflow, the pre-measured air velocity at the vent, and the vent's drag coefficient. The specific formula is: S = (AirFlow / V) * (1 + R). Where S is the current opening area, V is the air velocity at the vent, and R is the vent's drag coefficient. Based on the current opening area, airflow, and plant transpiration, the monitoring device determines whether the vent's opening area needs adjustment. If adjustment is required, the monitoring device can generate a first adjustment command, and the electric actuator in the execution device adjusts the vent's opening area based on this command. The monitoring device can also generate other adjustment commands based on the airflow and plant transpiration inside the greenhouse, causing the execution device to perform operations such as humidification or increasing airflow.

[0051] This application embodiment utilizes sensor-collected internal greenhouse environmental data, including temperature, humidity, and wind speed, combined with a linear regression model to accurately calculate the airflow within the greenhouse. Furthermore, based on the linear regression model and temperature and humidity data, plant transpiration can be calculated. In addition, by combining the airflow with pre-measured air velocity and drag coefficient of the vents, the current opening area of ​​the vents can be accurately calculated, achieving precise monitoring of the greenhouse vent opening area. Finally, based on the current opening area, airflow, and plant transpiration, a first adjustment command is generated, which serves as the vent adjustment command. The execution device adjusts the vent opening area based on this command, achieving effective control of the greenhouse internal environment. Simultaneously, it avoids the increased manpower required for manual vent adjustment, reduces production costs, and further improves crop yield and quality.

[0052] Referring to Figure 3, a flowchart illustrating a method for generating vent adjustment commands according to an embodiment of this application is shown. As shown in Figure 3, it includes:

[0053] S300 controls the sensor to collect the opening and closing angle of the vent, controls the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the vent, and receives the second pulse signal reflected by the vent.

[0054] S310, determine the opening / closing width based on the time difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

[0055] S320 calculates the opening width deviation and opening angle deviation based on the opening width, opening angle, preset target opening width, and preset target opening angle.

[0056] S330: When the absolute value of the opening / closing width deviation is greater than the threshold or the absolute value of the opening / closing angle deviation is greater than the threshold, a second adjustment command is generated and used as the vent adjustment command.

[0057] When adjusting the opening width and opening angle, the sensors can be infrared or ultrasonic sensors. The actuator can be any of the following: an electric linear actuator (Z-789), a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder. The infrared sensor can be replaced with a pyroelectric sensor. The infrared sensor model X-123 can be selected, which features high sensitivity and a wide temperature range; the ultrasonic sensor model Y-456 can be selected, which features waterproof and dustproof capabilities and high-precision measurement. The monitoring device can employ an industrial-grade computer to ensure real-time data processing and secure storage. The actuator can use the electric linear actuator (Z-789), supporting remote control and status feedback, with a maximum stroke of 2 meters.

[0058] Infrared and ultrasonic sensors are installed at the vents, establishing a stable communication link between them and the monitoring device. The monitoring device is then started and its parameters are initialized. The infrared sensor acquires the opening angle of the vent, and the ultrasonic sensor acquires the opening width. The ultrasonic sensor acquires the opening width by periodically sending a first pulse signal to the vent and receiving a second pulse signal returned from the vent. The round-trip time difference between the first and second pulse signals (both are ultrasonic waves) is calculated to determine the opening width. Alternatively, other sensors can be used instead of the ultrasonic sensor based on the same principle. These include, but are not limited to, laser rangefinders (where the first and second pulse signals are laser beams), infrared sensors (where the first and second pulse signals are infrared light), and radar sensors (where the first and second pulse signals are radio waves).

[0059] Infrared and ultrasonic sensors collect the opening angle and opening width, transmitting them to the monitoring device via wired or wireless communication. Based on the opening width, opening angle, preset target opening width, and preset target opening angle, the monitoring device calculates the opening width deviation and opening angle deviation. The specific formula is: Opening angle deviation: Δθ=θ-θ set Opening / closing width deviation: Δw=ww set Where θ is the opening angle, w is the opening width, and θ set and w set These are the preset target opening angle and target opening width, respectively. When the absolute value of the opening angle deviation |Δθ| > ε, or the absolute value of the opening width deviation |Δw| > ε, the monitoring device generates a second adjustment command, where ε is a threshold. The execution device adjusts the opening area of ​​the vent based on the second adjustment command. Specifically, the adjustment amount includes the angle adjustment amount: Δθ adj =k1* Δθ, width adjustment amount: Δw adj =k 2* Δw. Where k1 and k2 are control gains, which can be adjusted based on the feedback data from the adjusted greenhouse.

[0060] This embodiment of the application uses a control sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the vent and receive a reflected second pulse signal, accurately determining the opening width of the vent by utilizing the time difference between the two signals. Then, based on the difference between the actual measured opening width and angle and the preset target values, the system calculates the opening width deviation and angle deviation. When these deviations exceed preset thresholds, a second adjustment command is generated and executed to adjust the greenhouse vent. This process achieves accurate monitoring of the greenhouse vent opening area and effective control of the internal environment of the greenhouse, and also solves the problems of inaccurate measurement and lag in traditional methods of monitoring the vent opening area. Real-time analysis and automatic adjustment of the data collected by the sensors significantly improve the airflow and temperature control within the greenhouse, which is beneficial for creating a more suitable environment for crop growth. Simultaneously, using a combination of different types of sensors to collect data increases the redundancy of the entire system, ensuring the normal operation of the entire system even if one sensor fails.

[0061] In one embodiment of this application, when the adjustment data is the current travel distance, a ventilation outlet adjustment command is generated based on the adjustment data. Specifically, this includes: comparing the current travel distance with the preset travel distance of the servo motor, wherein the preset travel distance of the servo motor includes a first preset travel distance and a second preset travel distance; when the current travel distance is greater than the first preset travel distance or less than the second preset travel distance, a third adjustment command is generated, and the third adjustment command is used as the ventilation outlet adjustment command.

[0062] When adjusting the data to the current stroke of the servo motor, the sensor can be any one of a position sensor, a rotary encoder, or a linear displacement sensor (where the accuracy of the linear displacement sensor is 0.01 mm and the resolution of the rotary encoder is 0.1°). The monitoring device can use an ARM-based embedded processor or an industrial-grade programmable logic controller. The actuator is a servo motor or other types of motor. The servo motor can be selected based on factors such as torque and speed, choosing a model suitable for the greenhouse environment.

[0063] Sensors are installed at the opening and closing points of the greenhouse vents. These sensors measure the actual travel distance of the vent driven by the servo motor. The servo motor is mounted on the vent's control device to ensure precise control of its opening and closing. After the entire system starts up, it performs a self-check on all hardware components to confirm they are functioning correctly. Simultaneously, the monitoring device initializes parameter settings, including calibrating the sensor zero point and setting safety protection thresholds. Users can set the initial vent position (fully closed or half-open) as a reference point and adjust parameters on the control panel. This includes inputting the desired first and second preset travel distances (essentially the desired maximum and minimum opening areas, as the servo motor's movement causes changes in the vent's opening area; the first preset travel distance corresponds to the maximum opening area, and the second preset travel distance corresponds to the minimum opening area). The sensor sends the current travel distance of the servo motor to the monitoring device. The monitoring device compares the current travel distance with a first preset travel distance and a second preset travel distance. If the current travel distance is greater than the first preset travel distance or less than the second preset travel distance, a third adjustment command is generated and sent to the servo motor as a ventilation opening adjustment command. Based on the ventilation opening adjustment command, the servo motor rotates by the corresponding angle in the direction indicated by the command until the current travel distance of the servo motor is less than the first preset travel distance or greater than the second preset travel distance, thereby adjusting the opening area (or opening size or width) of the ventilation opening.

[0064] During operation, the monitoring device can also monitor parameters such as voltage and current of the servo motor in real time to prevent overload. Additionally, the monitoring device can record the opening area and environmental parameters of the greenhouse before and after each adjustment, analyze historical trends, and provide a basis for further optimization. In this embodiment, a solar power supply system, including photovoltaic panels and energy storage batteries, can be added to power the sensors, monitoring devices, and actuators using clean energy, thereby reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, a distributed network can be established using wireless communication technology to centrally manage multiple monitoring devices, improving overall work efficiency.

[0065] This embodiment compares the current travel distance with a preset servo motor travel distance. When the current travel distance is greater than a first preset travel distance or less than a second preset travel distance, a third adjustment command is generated and used as a vent adjustment command. This allows the servo motor to adjust the opening area of ​​the vent based on the vent adjustment command. This process, by introducing advanced sensor technology and a precision servo motor, significantly improves the accuracy and stability of vent monitoring, enabling greenhouse managers to grasp ventilation conditions more promptly and accurately, and thus make scientific and reasonable decisions. At the same time, the fully automated monitoring process greatly reduces the labor intensity of staff, saves human and material resources, and also improves production efficiency.

[0066] Referring to Figure 4, which shows a framework diagram of a greenhouse ventilation opening control system provided in an embodiment of this application, used to execute the methods or means described in any of the above embodiments. As shown in Figure 4, it includes: a sensor 400, a monitoring device 500, and an execution device 600. The sensor 400 is configured to collect adjustment data of the ventilation opening, which may be one of the following: environmental data inside the greenhouse, the opening width and angle of the ventilation opening, or the current stroke of a servo motor installed at the ventilation opening. The monitoring device 500 is configured to generate ventilation opening adjustment commands based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment commands may be any one of the following: a first adjustment command generated based on environmental data, a second adjustment command generated based on the opening width and angle, or a third adjustment command generated based on the current stroke. The execution device 600 is configured to adjust the opening area of ​​the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment commands.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, when the adjustment data is environmental data, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the airflow inside the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse; the monitoring device is configured to calculate the plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, temperature, and humidity; the monitoring device is configured to calculate the current opening area of ​​the vent based on the airflow, plant transpiration, and pre-measured air velocity and resistance coefficient of the vent. The monitoring device is configured to generate a first adjustment command based on the current opening area, airflow, and plant transpiration, and to use the first adjustment command as a vent adjustment command.

[0068] In one embodiment of this application, when the adjustment data are opening width and opening angle, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the opening width deviation and opening angle deviation based on the opening width, opening angle, preset target opening width, and preset target opening angle; the monitoring device is configured to generate a second adjustment command when the absolute value of the opening width deviation is greater than a threshold or the absolute value of the opening angle deviation is greater than a threshold, and to use the second adjustment command as a vent adjustment command.

[0069] In one embodiment of this application, when the adjustment data is the current stroke, the execution device is a servo motor; the monitoring device is configured to compare the current stroke with the preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; the monitoring device is configured to generate a third adjustment command when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, and to use the third adjustment command as a ventilation opening adjustment command.

[0070] In one embodiment of this application, the servo motor is configured to rotate by a corresponding angle in the direction indicated by the vent adjustment command until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than a first preset stroke or greater than a second preset stroke.

[0071] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening by a sensor, the adjustment data being one of environmental data inside a greenhouse, opening width and opening angle of the ventilation opening, and current stroke of a servo motor installed on the ventilation opening; generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening width and the opening angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; adjusting the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

2. The method of controlling a ventilation opening of a greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the adjustment data is the environmental data, the step of generating the ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: calculating air flow inside the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data comprises temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse; calculating plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity; calculating the current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow, and pre-measured air flow rate of the ventilation opening and resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening; generating the first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow, and the plant transpiration, and taking the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

3. The method of controlling a greenhouse vent according to claim 1, wherein, When the adjustment data is the opening width and the opening angle, the step of generating the ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: calculating opening width deviation and opening angle deviation based on the opening width, the opening angle, preset target opening width, and preset target opening angle; generating the second adjustment instruction when the absolute value of the opening width deviation is greater than a threshold value or the absolute value of the opening angle deviation is greater than a threshold value, and taking the second adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

4. The method of controlling a greenhouse vent according to claim 1, wherein, When the adjustment data is the current stroke, the step of generating the ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: comparing the current stroke with preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor comprises a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; generating the third adjustment instruction when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, and taking the third adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

5. The method of controlling a vent of a greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the adjustment data is the opening width and the open angle, the step of collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening by the sensor specifically comprises: controlling the sensor to collect the opening angle of the ventilation opening; controlling the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the ventilation opening and receive a second pulse signal reflected by the ventilation opening; determining the opening width based on the time difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

6. A control system for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: a sensor configured to collect adjustment data of a ventilation opening, the adjustment data being one of environmental data inside a greenhouse, opening width and opening angle of a ventilation opening, and current stroke of a servo motor installed on the ventilation opening; The monitoring device is configured to generate a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environment data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; The execution device is configured to adjust the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

7. A control system for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse according to claim 6, characterized in that When the adjustment data is the environment data, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the air flow amount inside the greenhouse based on the environment data and a linear regression model, wherein the environment data includes the temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse; The monitoring device is configured to calculate the plant transpiration amount based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity; The monitoring device is configured to calculate the current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow amount, the plant transpiration amount, and the air flow rate and the resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening that are measured in advance; The monitoring device is configured to generate a first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow amount, and the plant transpiration amount, and take the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

8. The control system for a greenhouse vent according to claim 6, wherein, When the adjustment data is the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, the monitoring device is configured to calculate an opening and closing width deviation and an opening and closing angle deviation based on the opening and closing width, the opening and closing angle, a preset target opening and closing width, and a preset target opening and closing angle; The monitoring device is configured to generate a second adjustment instruction when the absolute value of the opening and closing width deviation is greater than a threshold value or the absolute value of the opening and closing angle deviation is greater than a threshold value, and take the second adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

9. The control system for a greenhouse vent according to claim 6, wherein, When the adjustment data is the current stroke, the execution device is the servo motor; The monitoring device is configured to compare the current stroke with a preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; The monitoring device is configured to generate a third adjustment instruction when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, and take the third adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

10. The control system for a greenhouse vent according to claim 9, wherein, The servo motor is configured to rotate by a corresponding angle in the direction indicated by the ventilation opening adjustment instruction until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than the first preset stroke or greater than the second preset stroke.

Images