Terahertz wireless communication apparatus and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception
By using superconducting SIS coherent receiving technology, the problem of insufficient receiving sensitivity in traditional terahertz wireless communication devices has been solved, realizing ultra-wideband, high-sensitivity terahertz communication, supporting high-speed, high-capacity data transmission over long distances of kilometers, simplifying the transmitter structure, and expanding applications between space-based and ground-based systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZIJINSHAN ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-18
Smart Images
Figure CN2025131613_18062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of terahertz communication technology, specifically relating to a terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception. Background Technology
[0002] Terahertz (THz) frequency band is generally defined as electromagnetic waves with frequencies between 0.1 and 10 THz. Its frequency is between microwave and infrared, and it has both electronic and photonic characteristics. It features wide bandwidth coverage, low photon energy, and good penetration.
[0003] Traditional microwave communication, primarily concentrated below 100 GHz, faces a growing contradiction between increasingly scarce spectrum resources and rapidly increasing demands for high-speed services as wireless communication needs grow rapidly. The near exhaustion of traditional spectrum resources further limits the application and expansion of traditional wireless communication technologies. In recent years, with the rapid development of terahertz technology, terahertz wireless communication has also experienced rapid growth. Compared to traditional microwave wireless communication, terahertz wireless communication operates at higher frequencies, offers higher information transmission capacity within the same relative bandwidth, effectively penetrates plasma "blackout" barriers, and is easier to miniaturize, making it considered one of the most effective technologies for real-time wireless transmission of large-capacity data. In particular, in the application of space-based information technology, facing the severe challenges of transmitting and deploying massive amounts of data in space, terahertz wireless communication technology is a crucial technological means to solve the future problems of transmitting and deploying massive amounts of data in space.
[0004] Generally, terahertz wireless communication devices mainly consist of two parts: a transmitter and a receiver for terahertz communication signals. At the transmitting end, current methods primarily include all-electronic terahertz signal modulation, optoelectronic hybrid terahertz wave modulation, and all-optical terahertz wave modulation for transmitting terahertz communication signals. At the receiving end, methods mainly include coherent mixing detection demodulation and direct detection demodulation for receiving and processing terahertz communication signals. In high-speed, long-distance transmission of large-capacity data in the terahertz band, the interaction between terahertz signals and atmospheric gas molecules (water vapor, oxygen, etc.) leads to strong absorption by atmospheric gas molecules. Furthermore, the severe attenuation caused by diffusion loss during free-space transmission necessitates high transmission rates and high transmission power from the transmitting end, while simultaneously requiring high-sensitivity detection and reception capabilities as well as broadband processing capabilities from the receiving end. In current terahertz wireless communication devices, the terahertz signal source used for signal modulation transmission is limited by technological bottlenecks, making it difficult to achieve high-power transmission. Furthermore, the receivers, which use traditional room-temperature Schottky or semiconductor detectors, are constrained by low detection sensitivity (noise temperature in the kilo-K range) and the requirement for high local oscillator power (tens or even hundreds of milliwatts or more). As the operating frequency increases, the detection sensitivity decreases rapidly, and the requirement for higher transmitted signal power becomes increasingly stringent. As a result, applications for high transmission rates (tens of Gbps or more) and long-distance communication (kilometers or more) at higher frequency bands with more spectrum resources are severely restricted and difficult to realize, especially in terahertz wireless communication applications involving long-distance, high-capacity data transmission between space-based and ground-based systems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, which enables long-distance high-speed communication with large data capacity at kilometer-level or higher in the terahertz band.
[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution:
[0007] In a first aspect, a terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, including a transmitting system and a receiving system;
[0008] The transmitting system includes: a signal modulation and processing component, a transmitter component, and a terahertz transmitting antenna component; the signal modulation and processing component is used to preprocess and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the transmitter component is used to convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; the terahertz transmitting antenna component transmits the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band outward in a directional manner;
[0009] The receiving system includes: a terahertz receiving antenna assembly, a superconducting receiving assembly, a room-temperature intermediate frequency (IF) assembly, and a signal demodulation processing assembly; the terahertz receiving antenna assembly receives communication signals from the transmitting system; the superconducting receiving assembly performs high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the communication signals, and outputs a low-noise amplified IF signal; the room-temperature IF assembly amplifies and filters the output IF signal; and the signal demodulation processing assembly demodulates and post-processes the amplified and filtered IF signal.
[0010] Optionally, the transmitter assembly includes: an upconverter and a first terahertz band local oscillator signal source; the first terahertz band local oscillator signal source generates a first local oscillator signal; the upconverter is used to mix the first local oscillator signal and the modulation signal, and to perform frequency conversion and selection on the mixed signal to output a communication signal in the required terahertz band.
[0011] Optionally, the superconducting receiving component includes: a superconducting SIS mixer, a second terahertz nuclear magnetic resonance (TMR) band local oscillator signal source, a broadband low-noise amplifier, and a cryogenic cooling unit; the cryogenic cooling unit provides an extremely low-temperature operating environment for the superconducting SIS mixer and the broadband low-noise amplifier; the second TMR band local oscillator signal source generates a second local oscillator signal; the second local oscillator signal and the communication signal received by the terahertz receiving antenna component are coupled and then fed into the superconducting SIS mixer; the superconducting SIS mixer performs coherent mixing on the fed-in signal and outputs an intermediate frequency (IF) signal; the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to perform a first-stage low-noise amplification on the IF signal before outputting it.
[0012] Optionally, the superconducting SIS mixer includes a superconducting SIS tunnel junction and an insulating layer covering the outside of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction; the superconducting SIS tunnel junction includes a first superconductor, a barrier layer, a second superconductor, and a substrate stacked sequentially from top to bottom; the first and second superconductors are made of niobium nitride; the substrate is made of magnesium oxide; the barrier layer is made of aluminum nitride; and the insulating layer is made of silicon oxide or magnesium oxide.
[0013] Optionally, the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting SIS mixer is output to a broadband low-noise amplifier after impedance transformation by an impedance transformer.
[0014] Optionally, both the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly and the terahertz receiving antenna assembly are terahertz antennas employing a Cassegrain structure.
[0015] Optionally, the signal modulation processing component includes a signal preprocessor and a modulator; the signal preprocessor is used to preprocess the signal or communication data to be transmitted; and the modulator is used to modulate and channel code the preprocessed signal.
[0016] Optionally, the room-temperature intermediate frequency component includes a broadband amplifier and a filter; the broadband amplifier is used to perform a second-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting receiving component, and the filter is used to filter the intermediate frequency signal after the second-stage low-noise amplification.
[0017] Optionally, the signal demodulation processing component includes a demodulator and a signal post-processor; the demodulator is used to perform reverse demodulation on the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal; the signal post-processor is used to perform data format reshaping, signal storage, or fast-viewing on the demodulated signal.
[0018] Secondly, a terahertz wireless communication method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, including:
[0019] Preprocessing and modulation of the signals or communication data to be transmitted;
[0020] Convert the modulated signal to the desired terahertz frequency band;
[0021] The communication signals converted to the terahertz frequency band will be transmitted outwards in a directional manner.
[0022] Receive communication signals from the transmitting system;
[0023] The received communication signal is received with high sensitivity and coherently mixed, and the output is a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal.
[0024] The low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal is amplified and filtered.
[0025] The amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal is demodulated and post-processed.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0027] (1) This invention overcomes the shortcomings of traditional terahertz wireless communication devices that use room-temperature Schottky mixers for reception, which are limited by receiver sensitivity (noise temperature on the order of kilo-K) and make it difficult to achieve long-distance transmission with all-electronic wireless technology. This invention uses a tunnel junction coherent mixer receiver made of low-temperature superconducting material, which has a sensitivity close to the quantum limit (e.g., the noise temperature of a 500GHz band system is on the order of 100K). Combined with the modulation and transmission of all-electronic coherent mixing, it achieves long-distance (kilometer-level) wireless reception of ultra-wideband extremely weak (up to the order of tens of microwatts) terahertz signals.
[0028] (2) This invention has the characteristics of ultra-wide radio frequency bandwidth (more than 20% relative bandwidth, and the radio frequency bandwidth of 500GHz band can reach 100GHz) and ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing bandwidth (up to 20GHz). It can achieve ultra-wide (tens to hundreds of GHz) terahertz communication spectrum coverage, and at the same time, it can achieve high-speed and large-capacity data transmission (more than 100Gbps) brought about by ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing capability.
[0029] (3) This invention greatly reduces the output power requirement of the transmitter (by more than one order of magnitude), thereby simplifying the modulation and transmission components of the transmitter, making the long-distance communication application of the all-electronic modulation and transmission technology of the transmitter a reality, and further expanding the application of terahertz wireless communication devices in large-capacity terahertz wireless communication between space-based and ground-based systems. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the superconducting SIS mixer of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction of the present invention.
[0033] In the figure, 1 is the first superconductor layer, 2 is the barrier layer, 3 is the second superconductor layer, 4 is the substrate, and 5 is the insulating layer. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] As shown in Figure 1, a terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, including a transmitting system and a receiving system; the transmitting system and the receiving system are separated by a distance on the order of kilometers.
[0038] The transmission system includes: a signal modulation and processing component, a transmitter component, and a terahertz transmitting antenna component; the signal modulation and processing component is used to preprocess and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the transmitter component is used to convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; the terahertz transmitting antenna component transmits the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band outward in a directional manner.
[0039] Specifically, the signal modulation processing component includes a signal preprocessor and a modulator; the signal preprocessor is used to preprocess the signal or communication data to be transmitted; optionally, the preprocessing includes video recording or data packaging, etc.; the modulator is used to modulate and channel code the preprocessed signal.
[0040] The transmitter components include: an upconverter and a local oscillator signal source for the first terahertz band; the local oscillator signal source generates a first local oscillator signal; the upconverter is used to mix the first local oscillator signal and the modulation signal, and after frequency conversion and selection, outputs the communication signal in the required terahertz band; specifically, the required terahertz band is mainly an atmospheric window band with high atmospheric transmittance, such as 230GHz, 345GHz, 460GHz, etc.
[0041] The receiving system includes: a terahertz receiving antenna assembly, a superconducting receiving assembly, a room-temperature intermediate frequency (IF) assembly, and a signal demodulation processing assembly. The terahertz receiving antenna assembly receives communication signals from the transmitting system. The superconducting receiving assembly performs high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing of the communication signals and outputs a low-noise amplified IF signal. The room-temperature IF assembly amplifies and filters the output IF signal. The signal demodulation processing assembly demodulates and post-processes the amplified and filtered IF signal.
[0042] Both the terahertz receiving antenna assembly and the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly are terahertz antennas using the Cassegrain structure, which is simple in structure and has good directivity.
[0043] The superconducting receiver assembly includes: a superconducting SIS mixer, a second terahertz nuclear magnetic band local oscillator signal source, a broadband low-noise amplifier, and a cryogenic cooling unit. The cryogenic cooling unit provides an extremely low-temperature operating environment for the superconducting SIS mixer and the broadband low-noise amplifier; the extremely low temperature is below -248.59℃. The structure of the cryogenic cooling unit can refer to existing technologies. The second terahertz nuclear magnetic band local oscillator signal source generates a second local oscillator signal. The second local oscillator signal and the communication signal received by the terahertz receiving antenna assembly are coupled and then fed into the superconducting SIS mixer. The superconducting SIS mixer performs coherent mixing on the fed-in signal and outputs an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The broadband low-noise amplifier is used to perform a first-stage low-noise amplification on the IF signal before outputting it.
[0044] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the superconducting SIS mixer includes, but is not limited to, a superconducting SIS tunnel junction and an insulating layer 5. The insulating layer 5 covers the outside of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction. The superconducting SIS tunnel junction includes, from top to bottom, a first superconductor 1, a barrier layer 2, a second superconductor 3, and a substrate 4. The first superconductor 1 and the second superconductor 3 are made of niobium nitride; the substrate 4 is made of magnesium oxide; the insulating layer 5 is made of magnesium oxide or silicon oxide; the barrier layer 2 is made of aluminum nitride. The aluminum nitride barrier layer 2 is used to match the shorter coherence length of niobium nitride, achieving a wideband RF bandwidth for the superconducting SIS mixer. Choosing silicon oxide (SiO) or magnesium oxide (MgO) as the insulating layer 5 material, and choosing MgO as the substrate 4, can reduce transmission loss, improve lattice matching, and ensure that the superconducting SIS mixer detects high superconducting sensitivity (noise performance approaching the quantum limit).
[0045] The intermediate frequency signal output from the superconducting SIS mixer is impedance-transformed by an impedance transformer and then output to a broadband low-noise amplifier. In other words, the intermediate frequency signal output from the superconducting SIS mixer enters an impedance transformer with a specific length and width design to transform the impedance to 50 ohms, achieving good impedance matching with the back-end low-temperature and low-noise circuit, thereby making full use of the ultra-wide intermediate frequency bandwidth characteristics of the superconducting SIS mixer (up to 20 GHz).
[0046] Superconducting SIS mixers possess ultra-high detection sensitivity characteristics approaching the quantum limit in the terahertz band (0.1–1 THz) (e.g., noise stability of only about 100 KJ in the 500 GHz band), enabling the reception of extremely weak (tens of microwatts) terahertz communication signals. The ultra-high sensitivity of superconducting SIS mixers can significantly increase terahertz communication distances (kilometers and above), making space-based and ground-based terahertz wireless communication possible. Furthermore, it greatly reduces the output power requirements of the transmitter (by more than an order of magnitude), making the miniaturization and portability of all-electronic modulation transmitters a reality. Terahertz communication devices employ coherent reception using superconducting SIS mixers, which can fully utilize their ultra-wide RF reception characteristics (more than 20% relative bandwidth, such as 100GHz RF bandwidth in the 500GHz band) and ultra-wide intermediate frequency output characteristics (up to 20GHz). The operating frequency band of a single coherent detector can achieve ultra-wide (tens to hundreds of GHz) terahertz communication spectrum coverage while also realizing high-speed, high-capacity data transmission (more than 100Gbps) brought about by ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing capabilities.
[0047] The room-temperature intermediate frequency (IF) component includes a broadband amplifier and a filter. The broadband amplifier is used to perform a second-stage low-noise amplification on the IF signal output by the superconducting receiving component, and the filter filters the IF signal after the second-stage low-noise amplification. The structure of the broadband amplifier and the filter can refer to existing technologies. The configuration of the room-temperature IF component can match the bandwidth and power level required by the subsequent signal demodulation processing component.
[0048] The signal demodulation processing component includes a demodulator and a signal post-processor; the demodulator is used to perform reverse demodulation on the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal; the signal post-processor is used to re-format the demodulated signal, store the signal, or perform fast-forwarding.
[0049] The transmitting system up-converts the low-frequency modulated communication signal to the terahertz band using a frequency converter. This allows for coherent mixing and reception with the superconducting high-sensitivity superconducting SIS at the receiving end. Simultaneously, combined with broadband terahertz up-conversion technology, it enables high-capacity terahertz data transmission. This coherent frequency conversion modulation signal transmission mode, compared to directly modulating the baseband signal at the terahertz signal source, provides a more stable terahertz communication signal output with a higher signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the transmitting system employs all-electronic terahertz signal modulation and transmission technology. Compared to optoelectronic hybrid terahertz wave modulation or all-optical terahertz wave modulation technology, the transmitting system is simpler to integrate and more miniaturized, making it more portable and suitable for ground-based field or space-based satellite applications.
[0050] This application employs a superconducting SIS mixer, which, due to its near-quantum-limit sensitivity (e.g., a system noise temperature on the order of 100K in the 500GHz band, with a minimum detectable signal of 2.8pW based on a 2GHz intermediate frequency processing bandwidth), combined with all-electronic coherent mixing modulation and transmission components, achieves long-distance (kilometer-level and above) wireless reception of extremely weak (tens of microwatts-level) terahertz signals. Simultaneously, the superconducting SIS mixer of this application possesses both ultra-wide RF bandwidth (over 20% relative bandwidth, with a 500GHz band RF bandwidth reaching 100GHz) and ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing bandwidth (up to 20GHz). Yes, a single coherent detector operating in a single frequency band can achieve ultra-wide (tens to hundreds of GHz) terahertz communication spectrum coverage while also enabling high-speed, high-capacity data transmission (above 100 Gbps) through ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing capabilities. In addition, superconducting SIS mixed-frequency coherent reception significantly reduces the output power requirements of the transmission system (by more than an order of magnitude), thereby simplifying the modulation and transmission components of the transmission system. This makes long-distance communication applications of the all-electronic modulation transmission technology of the transmission system a reality, further expanding the application of terahertz wireless communication devices in large-capacity terahertz wireless communication between space-based and ground-based systems.
[0051] Example 2
[0052] An example of a wireless communication device operating in the 500 GHz band with real-time video kilometer-level capability is provided.
[0053] The transmitting and receiving systems are placed on the ground at a distance of more than 1 kilometer, and there is a certain height difference between the two grounds (about 200 meters or more) to allow for the adjustment of the pointing of the terahertz receiving antenna components of the receiving system.
[0054] In the transmission system, the signal preprocessor of the signal modulation processing component uses a 4K frame rate high-definition video recorder to record real-time video image data and transmit the real-time image data to the modulator for encoding and modulation to form a modulated signal in the 5.84GHz microwave band.
[0055] In the transmitter assembly, the first terahertz local oscillator signal source uses a 20.3 GHz microwave reference source and a solid-state signal source with frequency multiplication and amplification to generate a 487.2 GHz terahertz local oscillator signal. The upconverter modulates and upconverts the 5.84 GHz signal to 481.36 GHz. The terahertz transmitting antenna assembly couples the terahertz communication signal and transmits it directionally into free space with a transmission power of approximately 15 microwatts.
[0056] In the receiving system, the terahertz receiving antenna assembly adjusts its antenna pointing to align with the transmission direction of the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly in the transmitting system, so as to efficiently receive the terahertz communication signal from the transmitting end and transmit it coupled into the superconducting receiving assembly.
[0057] The superconducting SIS mixer and broadband low-noise amplifier of the superconducting receiver component operate in the extremely low temperature (4K) operating temperature range. The superconducting SIS mixer has a detection sensitivity noise temperature of 100K in the 500GHz band (based on an intermediate frequency processing bandwidth of 2GH, corresponding to a minimum detectable signal power of 2.8pW), while the broadband low-noise amplifier has a baseband bandwidth of 2GHz and a gain of over 30dB.
[0058] The second terahertz local oscillator signal source uses a solid-state terahertz signal source similar to the transmitter components of the transmitting system, and sets the output frequency of the local oscillator signal source to 482.9 GHz. After coherent mixing of the received terahertz communication signal with a superconducting SIS mixer, an intermediate frequency signal is generated, which is then amplified by the first stage of a broadband low-noise amplifier before being output.
[0059] The output intermediate frequency signal is further amplified, filtered, and converted twice in the room temperature intermediate frequency processing component to form a 5.83 GHz microwave signal to be demodulated.
[0060] In the signal demodulation processing component, the demodulator performs reverse demodulation (relative to the modulator at the transmitting end) on the 5.83GHz signal to be demodulated, restores the video signal at the transmitting end, and then transmits it to the signal post-processor for video processing, and finally displays it in real time on the display terminal.
[0061] In this embodiment, the transmitting and receiving systems are 1.2 km apart, and the atmospheric water vapor power (PWV) is at the 1 mm level. The transmitting system transmits a terahertz real-time video signal with a power of 15 microwatts. After atmospheric absorption and free-space transmission loss, the power drops to 4 pW when received by the terahertz receiving antenna assembly of the receiving system. The received signal is fed into the superconducting receiver assembly and successfully received and coherently mixed by the ultra-high detection sensitivity superconducting SIS mixer (with a minimum detectable signal power of 2.8 pW based on a 2 GHz intermediate frequency processing bandwidth). This achieves long-distance (1.2 km) real-time transmission and reception of 4K frame rate high-definition video signals in the terahertz band.
[0062] Example 3
[0063] A terahertz wireless communication method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, comprising the following steps:
[0064] Step S1: Preprocess and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted;
[0065] Step S2: Convert the modulated signal to the desired terahertz frequency band;
[0066] Step S3: Directly transmit the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band.
[0067] Step S4: Receive communication signals from the transmitting system;
[0068] Step S5: Perform high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the received communication signal, and output a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal;
[0069] Step S6: Amplify and filter the output low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal;
[0070] Step S7: Demodulate and post-process the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal.
[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, characterized in that, Includes a transmitting system and a receiving system; The transmitting system includes: a signal modulation and processing component, a transmitter component, and a terahertz transmitting antenna component; the signal modulation and processing component is used to preprocess and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the transmitter component is used to convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; the terahertz transmitting antenna component transmits the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band outward in a directional manner; The receiving system includes: a terahertz receiving antenna assembly, a superconducting receiving assembly, a room-temperature intermediate frequency (IF) assembly, and a signal demodulation processing assembly; the terahertz receiving antenna assembly receives communication signals from the transmitting system; the superconducting receiving assembly performs high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the communication signals, and outputs a low-noise amplified IF signal; the room-temperature IF assembly amplifies and filters the output IF signal; and the signal demodulation processing assembly demodulates and post-processes the amplified and filtered IF signal.
2. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitter assembly includes: an upconverter and a first terahertz band local oscillator signal source; the first terahertz band local oscillator signal source generates a first local oscillator signal; the upconverter is used to mix the first local oscillator signal and the modulation signal, and to perform frequency conversion and selection on the mixed signal to output a communication signal in the required terahertz band.
3. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superconducting receiving component includes: a superconducting SIS mixer, a second terahertz nuclear magnetic band local oscillator signal source, a broadband low-noise amplifier, and a cryogenic cooling unit; the cryogenic cooling unit provides an extremely low-temperature operating environment for the superconducting SIS mixer and the broadband low-noise amplifier; the second terahertz nuclear magnetic band local oscillator signal source generates a second local oscillator signal; the second local oscillator signal and the communication signal received by the terahertz receiving antenna component are coupled and then fed into the superconducting SIS mixer; the superconducting SIS mixer performs coherent mixing on the fed signal and outputs an intermediate frequency (IF) signal; the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to perform a first-stage low-noise amplification on the IF signal before outputting it.
4. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 3, characterized in that, The superconducting SIS mixer includes a superconducting SIS tunnel junction and an insulating layer (5) covering the outside of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction; the superconducting SIS tunnel junction includes a first superconductor (1), a barrier layer (2), a second superconductor (3) and a substrate (4) stacked from top to bottom; the first superconductor (1) and the second superconductor (3) are made of niobium nitride; the substrate (4) is made of magnesium oxide; the barrier layer (2) is made of aluminum nitride; and the insulating layer (5) is made of silicon oxide or magnesium oxide.
5. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intermediate frequency signal output from the superconducting SIS mixer is then impedance-transformed by an impedance converter and output to a broadband low-noise amplifier.
6. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly and the terahertz receiving antenna assembly are terahertz antennas employing a Cassegrain structure.
7. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal modulation processing component includes a signal preprocessor and a modulator; the signal preprocessor is used to preprocess the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the modulator is used to modulate and channel code the preprocessed signal.
8. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ambient temperature intermediate frequency component includes a broadband amplifier and a filter; the broadband amplifier is used to perform a second-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting receiving component, and the filter is used to filter the intermediate frequency signal after the second-stage low-noise amplification.
9. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal demodulation processing component includes a demodulator and a signal post-processor; the demodulator is used to perform reverse demodulation on the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal; the signal post-processor is used to perform data format reshaping, signal storage, or fast-viewing on the demodulated signal.
10. A terahertz wireless communication method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, characterized in that, include: Preprocessing and modulation of the signals or communication data to be transmitted; Convert the modulated signal to the desired terahertz frequency band; The communication signals converted to the terahertz frequency band will be transmitted outwards in a directional manner. Receive communication signals from the transmitting system; The received communication signal is received with high sensitivity and coherently mixed, and the output is a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal. The low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal is amplified and filtered. The amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal is demodulated and post-processed.