Combined transparent substrate having thermal insulation layer, and combined transparent substrate system

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a combined transparent substrate having a thermal insulation layer, and a combined transparent substrate system. In the present invention, the combined transparent substrate having a thermal insulation layer comprises a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate which are stacked; the first transparent substrate has a first inner surface facing the second transparent substrate and a first outer surface facing away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent substrate has a second inner surface facing the first transparent substrate and a second outer surface facing away from the first transparent substrate. The combined transparent substrate having a thermal insulation layer further comprises three layers, i.e., a light-blocking layer, a dimming layer and a heat barrier layer which are arranged together simultaneously; one or more of the light-blocking layer, the dimming layer and the heat barrier layer are arranged on one or more of the first inner surface, the first outer surface, the second inner surface and the second outer surface, thus significantly improving the thermal insulation effect.

Description

Combined transparent substrate with heat insulation layer and combined transparent substrate system

[0001] This patent application claims priority to the following Chinese patent application:

[0002] 1. Submission Date: December 12, 2024; Application Number: 2024118349665; Invention Title: Combined Transparent Substrate with Heat Insulation Layer and Combined Transparent Substrate System;

[0003] The full text of the above application is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0004] This invention relates to a glass or other transparent substrate, and particularly to a combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer and a combined transparent substrate system. Background Technology

[0005] Buildings need sunlight indoors, and they also need to insulate against the outside temperature to create an ideal living environment where it's warm inside even when it's hot outside, or warm inside even when it's cold outside. When the outside sunlight is stronger than people can tolerate, especially when the temperature is much higher than the comfortable indoor temperature, even insulated glass doors and windows, particularly large-area glass skylights, still don't provide ideal insulation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer and a combined transparent substrate system, which significantly increases the heat insulation effect and can also be applied to extreme cases such as large-area transparent windows and transparent curtain walls.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer, comprising: a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate stacked together; the first transparent substrate has a first inner surface facing the second transparent substrate and a first outer surface facing away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent substrate has a second inner surface facing the first transparent substrate and a second outer surface facing away from the first transparent substrate;

[0008] The combined transparent substrate of the heat insulation layer further includes: a light blocking layer, a light-modulating layer, and a heat-blocking layer; one or more of the light blocking layer, the light-modulating layer, and the heat-blocking layer are disposed on one or more of the first inner surface, the first outer surface, the second inner surface, and the second outer surface.

[0009] In one embodiment, a light-blocking layer is disposed on the first inner surface to form a first functional layer; and a heat-blocking layer is disposed on the second inner surface to form a second functional layer.

[0010] In one embodiment, a hollow cavity is provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the hollow cavity has at least one of the heat-insulating layer and the light-blocking layer forming an intermediate functional layer, and the intermediate functional layer is in a hollow region between the first functional layer and the second functional layer, and the intermediate functional layer is used for heat insulation and / or light blocking.

[0012] In one embodiment, the intermediate functional layer is an organic thin film.

[0013] In one embodiment, the combined transparent substrate further includes a sealing frame connecting the outer edge of the first transparent substrate and the outer edge of the second transparent substrate, the sealing frame forming the hollow cavity around the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first functional layer and the second functional layer are bonded together.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first outer surface has the dimming layer forming a third functional layer.

[0016] In one embodiment, a first protective layer is provided on the side of the third functional layer opposite to the first transparent substrate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second outer surface having the dimming layer forms a fourth functional layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, a second protective layer is provided on the side of the fourth functional layer opposite to the second transparent substrate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the light-blocking layer is a multilayer coating layer for blocking infrared light; the dimming layer is a liquid crystal layer with electrodes; the heat-blocking layer is a coating or film layer, and the heat-blocking layer has microcrystalline particles.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are glass, plexiglass, PC, or PI.

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a combined transparent substrate system with a heat insulation layer, comprising: a plurality of combined transparent substrates as described in any one of the above, wherein the plurality of combined transparent substrates are spliced ​​and unfolded together.

[0022] Current insulated glass is generally used in small spaces. In these spaces, the area covered by the insulated glass is small, and the amount of heat entering from outside sunlight is limited. Existing ordinary insulated glass with a heat-insulating layer is sufficient. However, the use of ordinary insulated glass in large spaces has not been considered. The inventors realized that when ordinary insulated glass is used in large spaces, the total amount of heat (and cold) entering the room increases dramatically due to the large area covered by the insulated glass. This necessitates a significantly higher level of insulation performance, requiring the insulation effect per unit area of ​​the skylight to be several times, or even hundreds of times, higher than that of existing coated glass skylights. Existing ordinary insulated glass cannot meet these requirements. Against this backdrop, the combined transparent substrate described in this application was invented. The inventors' idea of ​​using insulated glass in large spaces is something that those skilled in the art would find difficult to conceive of, breaking the traditional concept of using insulated glass in small spaces. Based on this, the core of the combined transparent substrate in this application lies in achieving extremely high heat insulation by simultaneously combining three layers: a light-blocking layer, a light-modulating layer, and a heat-blocking layer. The heat-blocking layer prevents external heat from being transferred to the inner side through the combined transparent substrate, and some heat-blocking layers also have the function of absorbing ultraviolet and infrared light. The light-modulating layer directly adjusts the intensity of light entering the substrate, reducing the transmittance of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light to 5%-20% of the incident light entering from the outer substrate. The light-blocking layer reflects most of the infrared light while allowing visible light to pass through, reducing the transmittance of infrared light to 3%-5%, forming an ultra-low infrared transmittance layer. The combination of multiple functional layers allows the combined transparent substrate to achieve a strong heat insulation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of heat-insulating glass in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first type of combined transparent substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second type of combined transparent substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third type of combined transparent substrate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth type of combined transparent substrate in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to enable the reader to better understand this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0030] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known apparatuses, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not have been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0031] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the word “comprising” and its variations, such as “including” and “having”, shall be understood to have an open, inclusive meaning, that is, to be interpreted as “including, but not limited to”.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative of the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0033] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the appearance of "in an embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0034] The singular forms “a” and “the” used in this specification and the appended claims include plural references unless otherwise expressly stated herein. It should be noted that the term “or” is generally used to mean “and / or” unless otherwise expressly stated herein.

[0035] In the following description, in order to clearly demonstrate the structure and working method of the present invention, a number of directional terms will be used. However, terms such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "outside", "inside", "outward", "inward", "up", and "down" should be understood as convenient terms and not as limiting terms.

[0036] There are two ways for external heat energy to enter a room: one is through light, i.e., solar radiation. Visible light entering the room directly is welcome, but infrared light must be blocked because it carries heat and causes indoor temperature to rise (indoor infrared light must also be blocked by glass to prevent leakage). In hot environments, suppressing indoor temperature rise requires indoor air conditioning, which is very energy-intensive. Poor infrared blocking effect of glass will directly increase the energy consumption of indoor air conditioning. Glass insulation can be achieved by coating (plating) the glass. The common practice is to create a light-reflecting layer on the glass through multiple coatings, i.e., making Low-E (low-emissivity) glass, which reflects most of the infrared light back to the outdoor environment. The number of silver layers in the coating determines the type: single-silver Low-E, double-silver Low-E, and triple-silver Low-E. In the solar heat radiation region, single-silver has the largest coverage area, followed by double-silver, and triple-silver has the smallest coverage area, meaning that the least amount of heat passes through glass with a triple-silver Low-E coating. However, even with a multi-layer reflective film system consisting of three layers of silver coating, at least 3%-5% of the infrared light still passes through the coating. For a typical glass area, this infrared attenuation is considerable and sufficient for use in existing small spaces. However, for rooms with large areas of transparent glass, such as sunrooms or glass domes, the total infrared radiation entering the room is still very strong, leading to a significant temperature rise in the summer when the sun is strong. Another cause is heat conduction, where external heat passes through the glass and enters the room, causing an indoor temperature rise. In hot weather, the high outside air temperature causes the outer glass to heat up, and direct sunlight also causes the glass to absorb heat and heat up. This external heat, indicated by the glass temperature, must be blocked to prevent it from conducting to the inner glass and ultimately to the indoor air.

[0037] Among the light-blocking technologies currently used to achieve heat insulation, the most commonly used technique is multi-layer coating of glass. As shown in Figure 1, in an insulated glass unit, the space between the outer glass A and the inner glass B is a hollow cavity AB. Generally, a coating is applied to the inner surface A2 of the outer glass A. This coating, also called Low-E coating, allows visible light to pass through while reflecting infrared light. However, even with a Low-E coating alone, some infrared light still passes through, and it cannot completely block heat from the outside into the room. To further block infrared light, a Low-E coating is usually applied to the outer surface B1 of the inner glass B. This causes a second outward reflection of the infrared light transmitted from the outer glass, further attenuating the infrared light passing through the outer surface of the inner glass. However, the problem here is that most of the light reflected outward from the outer surface B1 is reflected back by the inner surface A2 of the outer glass, creating back-and-forth reflections within the hollow cavity. Each reflection increases the amount of infrared light transmitted into the room through the outer surface B1. Much of this reflected light is retained as heat within the insulated glass, causing a temperature rise. Therefore, the Low-E coating on the outer surface B1 is far less effective at blocking infrared light than the Low-E coating on the inner surface A2. Besides the multi-layer Low-E coating blocking infrared light, other coatings can also block infrared radiation. Generally, the Low-E coating temperature for the silver layer is very high, requiring a glass substrate. However, by selecting a low-temperature coating process, the coating temperature can be lowered to below 150°C, allowing the use of lightweight transparent substrates such as acrylic glass, PC, PI, and other organic polymer visible light transparent substrates.

[0038] The porous nature of Cu-btc can also be used as a functional material to enhance the coating's repeated refraction and absorption of infrared light, achieving an infrared blocking rate of 96%, an ultraviolet transmittance as low as 2%, and a visible light transmittance of 70%. This involves using antimony tin oxide nanoparticles to absorb infrared light, incorporating titanium oxide particles to absorb ultraviolet light, or using coating materials with antimony tin oxide particles to leverage the infrared absorption properties of antimony tin oxide.

[0039] However, large-area glass skylights have not yet been widely used; those currently in use are primarily for small-scale applications. The heat insulation requirements for these small-scale applications can be met by existing coated glass skylights. Given the current usage, the application of glass in large venues is not anticipated. Large-area skylights dramatically increase the total heat (and cold) entering the room, necessitating a significantly higher level of heat insulation. The required heat insulation performance per unit area of ​​the skylight must be several times, even hundreds of times, higher than that of existing coated glass skylights. Therefore, existing coating technologies for glass skylights are insufficient for large-area applications, making the invention of new heat-insulating glass urgently needed. In other words, none of the existing technologies, including current combined technologies, have achieved a sufficiently low heat transmittance of the combined transparent substrate, thus preventing excessively high indoor temperatures even under high outdoor solar radiation in large-area glass applications.

[0040] Embodiments of this application relate to a composite transparent substrate with a heat-insulating layer. The composite transparent substrate includes: a first transparent substrate 1 and a second transparent substrate 2 stacked together; the first transparent substrate 1 has a first inner surface 12 facing the second transparent substrate 2 and a first outer surface 11 facing away from the second transparent substrate 2, and the second transparent substrate 2 has a second inner surface 22 facing the first transparent substrate 1 and a second outer surface 21 facing away from the first transparent substrate 1. The composite transparent substrate with the heat-insulating layer further includes: a light-blocking layer, a light-switching layer, and a heat-insulating layer. One or more of the light-blocking layer, the light-switching layer, and the heat-insulating layer are disposed on one or more of the first inner surface 12, the first outer surface 11, the second inner surface 22, and the second outer surface 21. In this embodiment, when using the composite transparent substrate, taking the first transparent substrate 1 as the outer substrate layer and the second transparent substrate 2 as the inner substrate layer as an example, the sunlight intake direction is from the first transparent substrate 1 to the second transparent substrate 2.

[0041] As can be seen from the above, current heat-insulating glass is generally used in small venues. In these venues, because the area covered by the heat-insulating glass is small, the amount of heat entering from outside sunlight is limited, and existing ordinary heat-insulating glass with a heat-blocking layer is sufficient. However, the use of ordinary heat-insulating glass in large venues (such as 500m²) has not been considered. 2In the above, the inventors conceived of using heat-insulating glass in large-scale applications. They discovered that when ordinary heat-insulating glass is used in large venues, the large area of ​​the glass leads to a sudden increase in the total heat (and cold) entering the room from the outside. This necessitates a significantly higher requirement for insulation performance. The insulation performance per unit area of ​​the glass skylight must be several times, even tens of times, higher than that of existing coated glass skylights. Existing ordinary heat-insulating glass cannot meet these requirements. Against this backdrop, the inventors developed the combined transparent substrate described in this application. The inventors' idea of ​​applying heat-insulating glass to large venues is something that those skilled in the art would find difficult to conceive of, breaking the traditional concept of using heat-insulating glass in small venues. Based on this, the combined transparent substrate in this application can be configured with a light-blocking layer, a light-adjusting layer, and a heat-blocking layer. The heat-blocking layer prevents external heat from being transferred to the inside through the combined transparent substrate. The light-adjusting layer directly adjusts the intensity of light entering the substrate, attenuating the transmittance of infrared light to 5%-20% of the incident light entering from the outer substrate. The light-blocking layer reflects most of the infrared light while allowing visible light to pass through, reducing the infrared transmittance to 3%-5%, thus forming an ultra-low infrared transmittance layer. The combination of multiple functional layers creates a strong heat insulation effect on the composite transparent substrate.

[0042] The first and second transparent substrates can be glass, plexiglass, PC or PI, or other possible materials or combinations of materials that are transparent in the visible light band.

[0043] The light-blocking layer is a multilayer coating layer used to block infrared light. It can be the aforementioned triple silver Low-E film, which reflects most of the infrared light and allows visible light to pass through. For example, Low-E technology can reduce the transmittance of infrared light to 3%-5%.

[0044] The heat-insulating layer is a coating or film layer, and it contains microcrystalline particles and / or hollow microspheres and / or micro / nano-microcapsules, with particle sizes ranging from nanometer to micrometer. The heat-insulating layer blocks heat transfer from the outer transparent substrate to the inner transparent substrate. Simultaneously, the heat-insulating layer also reduces infrared light transmittance. For example, the heat-insulating layer can be a porous medium composed of microcrystalline particles and hollow microspheres. The porous structure, including the microspheres, reduces the contact area for heat conduction, creating a heat-insulating effect. It can also absorb a certain amount of infrared light, resulting in a significantly lower temperature on the inner substrate compared to the outer substrate.

[0045] Specifically, the heat-insulating layer can also be one or more organic (PET) films, on which a reflective multilayer coating can be deposited at low temperature, achieving the effect of infrared reflection without increasing the weight of the composite transparent substrate.

[0046] Another technique for creating a heat-resistant layer is to fabricate microcrystalline structures and bond them together with an adhesive. The microcrystals have extremely sharp edges, with the tips only a few to tens of nanometers in size. These very sharp points have very poor thermal conductivity, resulting in a very high thermal resistance for the coating. Using appropriate processes, the microcrystalline layer can be made transparent to visible light.

[0047] Furthermore, the dimming layer consists of a multi-layered structure, including electrode layers on both sides and a PDLC liquid crystal medium in the middle. The level of transmission voltage can cause the liquid crystal layer to be transparent or opaque. Opacity refers to the diffuse reflection of incident light caused by the liquid crystal, so that the actual light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer can be reduced when blocked. Directly adjusting the intensity of light entering the substrate (ultraviolet, visible, and infrared) can reduce the transmittance of infrared light to 5%-20% of the incident light entering from the outer substrate, thus having a light-blocking effect. The advantage of the dimming layer is that it can artificially control the visible and infrared light entering the room. At noon, when the sun is strongest, infrared light needs to be greatly suppressed, and the dimming layer can adjust the transmittance of light (visible and infrared light) to the lowest level, while at dusk, the dimming layer can adjust the transmittance of light to the highest level. Another advantage of using dimming layers in large-area skylights / curtain walls is that the use of multiple (e.g., hundreds or even thousands) of modular transparent substrates with dimming capabilities, similar to a display screen, allows for the adjustment of different light transmittance of the dimming layers to create a large-area dimming skylight / curtain wall composed of the modular transparent substrates, displaying both static and dynamic effects of the screen image, thus achieving an artistic effect. The combination of heat insulation and the artistic effect of a display screen is the perfect fusion of substrate skylights / curtain walls. Here, the introduction of the dimming layer not only further enhances the heat insulation effect of large-area substrate skylights / curtain walls but also adds static and dynamic image effects similar to a display screen.

[0048] The following are four examples of combined transparent substrates. However, each of them uses the core of this invention simultaneously: a light-adjusting layer, a heat-blocking layer, and a dimming layer.

[0049] (1) The first type of combined transparent substrate 100 shown in Figure 2:

[0050] As shown in Figure 2, the composite transparent substrate includes a first transparent substrate 1 and a second transparent substrate 2 stacked together. A light-blocking layer is disposed on the first inner surface 12 to form a first functional layer 3, a heat-blocking layer is disposed on the second inner surface 22 to form a second functional layer 4, and a dimming layer is disposed on the second outer surface 21 to form a fourth functional layer 5. The light-blocking layer on the first inner surface 12 is a multi-layer coated infrared reflective layer forming an ultra-low infrared transmittance layer. Next, the second inner surface 22 has a heat-blocking layer, which can be a coating and has a microcrystalline structure, and is bonded together with an adhesive. The microcrystals have very sharp edges, with the tips only a few to tens of nanometers in size. The very sharp contact points have very poor thermal conductivity, resulting in a very high thermal resistance of the coating. Using a suitable process, the microcrystalline layer can be made transparent to visible light. The heat-blocking layer can be mixed with an adhesive material to bond the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2 together. When using the composite substrate, the first transparent substrate faces outwards, and the second transparent substrate 2 faces inwards. At this time, the temperature experienced by the dimming layer is significantly lower than the outdoor temperature, which is beneficial for the dimming layer to be at a suitable operating temperature.

[0051] Understandably, in other embodiments, the first functional layer 3 may be a heat-blocking layer or the second functional layer 4 may be a light-blocking layer. The dimming layer may also be disposed on the first outer surface 11, and is not limited to the second outer surface 21 in FIG2.

[0052] In addition, a protective layer 6 is provided outside the dimming layer.

[0053] (2) The second type of combined transparent substrate 200 as shown in Figure 3:

[0054] As shown in Figure 3, the composite transparent substrate includes a first transparent substrate 1 and a second transparent substrate 2 stacked together. A light-blocking layer is disposed on the first inner surface 12 to form a first functional layer 3, a heat-blocking layer is disposed on the second inner surface 22 to form a second functional layer 4, and a light-switching layer is disposed on the second outer surface 21 to form a fourth functional layer 5. The heat-blocking layer can be a coating and has a microcrystalline structure, and is bonded together with an adhesive. The edges of the microcrystals are very sharp, with the tips only a few to tens of nanometers in size. The very sharp contact points have very poor thermal conductivity, resulting in very high thermal resistance of the coating. Using a suitable process, the microcrystalline layer can be made transparent to visible light. A hollow cavity 7 is provided between the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2, in which the first functional layer 3 and the second functional layer 4 are separated. The hollow cavity 7 has a heat insulation effect, and the gas filled in the hollow cavity 7 is generally argon gas with poor thermal conductivity. The spacing between the transparent substrates on both sides of the hollow cavity 7 is generally around 5-10mm. The narrower spacing can prevent the convection of airflow in the hollow cavity 7, thereby reducing the heat conduction efficiency of the hollow cavity 7.

[0055] In addition, a protective layer 6 is provided outside the dimming layer.

[0056] Furthermore, the combined transparent substrate also includes a sealing frame 101 connecting the outer edge of the first transparent substrate 1 and the outer edge of the second transparent substrate 2, and the sealing frame 101 forms a hollow cavity 7 around the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2.

[0057] In other embodiments, the first functional layer 3 may be a heat-blocking layer or the second functional layer 4 may be a light-blocking layer. The dimming layer may also be disposed on the first outer surface 11, and is not limited to the second outer surface 21 in FIG3.

[0058] (3) The third type of combined transparent substrate 300 as shown in Figure 4:

[0059] As shown in Figure 4, the composite transparent substrate includes a first transparent substrate 1 and a second transparent substrate 2 stacked together. A light-blocking layer is disposed on the first inner surface 12 to form a first functional layer 3, a heat-blocking layer is disposed on the second inner surface 22 to form a second functional layer 4, and a light-switching layer is disposed on the second outer surface 21 to form a fourth functional layer 5. The heat-blocking layer of the second functional layer 4 can be a coating and has a microcrystalline structure. A hollow cavity 7 is provided between the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2, in which the first functional layer 3 and the second functional layer 4 are separated. At least one of a heat-blocking layer and a light-blocking layer is disposed in the hollow cavity 7 to form an intermediate functional layer 8, and the intermediate functional layer 8 and the first functional layer 3 and the second functional layer 4 are both hollow regions. The intermediate functional layer 8 is used for heat insulation. The intermediate functional layer 8 can be a heat-blocking layer, that is, one or more organic thin films, such as PET, PC or PI, are placed inside the hollow cavity 7. The organic thin film has a coating. These organic films can further reduce the spacing of the air cavity, thereby further reducing gas convection and improving thermal resistance efficiency. In addition, a reflective multilayer coating can be applied to the thin film, achieving the effect of a Low-E glass coating without increasing the weight of the composite transparent substrate. This coating is successfully applied in an environment below the melting temperature of the organic thin film. The number of layers in the intermediate functional layer 8 is not limited to one layer in this embodiment; it can also be multiple layers, and may include a light-blocking layer.

[0060] The hollow cavity 7 has a heat insulation effect, and the gas filled in the hollow cavity 7 is generally argon, which has poor thermal conductivity. The distance between the transparent substrates on both sides of the hollow cavity 7 is generally about 5-10mm. The narrower distance can prevent the convection of airflow in the hollow cavity 7, thereby reducing the heat conduction efficiency of the hollow cavity 7.

[0061] In addition, a protective layer 6 is provided outside the dimming layer.

[0062] Furthermore, the combined transparent substrate also includes a sealing frame 101 connecting the outer edge of the first transparent substrate 1 and the outer edge of the second transparent substrate 2, and the sealing frame 101 forms a hollow cavity 7 around the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2.

[0063] In other embodiments, the first functional layer 3 may be a heat-blocking layer or the second functional layer 4 may be a light-blocking layer. The dimming layer may also be disposed on the first outer surface 11, and is not limited to the second outer surface 21 in FIG4.

[0064] (4) The fourth type of combined transparent substrate 400 as shown in Figure 5:

[0065] As shown in Figure 5, the composite transparent substrate includes a first transparent substrate 1 and a second transparent substrate 2 stacked together. A light-blocking layer is disposed on the first inner surface 12 to form a first functional layer 3, a heat-blocking layer is disposed on the second inner surface 22 to form a second functional layer 4, and a light-switching layer is disposed on the second outer surface 21 to form a fourth functional layer 5. The heat-blocking layer of the second functional layer 4 can be a coating and has a microcrystalline structure. A hollow cavity 7 is provided between the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2. In this structure, the first functional layer 3 and the second functional layer 4 are separated. At least one of a heat-blocking layer and a light-blocking layer is disposed in the hollow cavity 7 to form an intermediate functional layer 8. The intermediate functional layer 8 and the first functional layer 3 and the second functional layer 4 are both hollow regions. The intermediate functional layer 8 is used for heat insulation. The intermediate functional layer 8 can be a heat-blocking layer, that is, one or more organic (PET) films are placed inside the hollow cavity 7. These organic films can further reduce the spacing of the air cavities, thereby further reducing gas convection and improving thermal resistance efficiency. Furthermore, a reflective multilayer coating can be deposited on the thin film, achieving the effect of Low-E glass coating without increasing the weight of the composite transparent substrate. The number of layers in the intermediate functional layer 8 is not limited to one layer in this embodiment; it can also be multiple layers, and may include a light-blocking layer. A third functional layer 9 is also disposed on the first outer surface 11, and the third functional layer 9 can be a dimming layer. In other embodiments, the third functional layer 9 can also be a light-blocking layer.

[0066] The hollow cavity 7 has a heat insulation effect, and the gas filled in the hollow cavity 7 is generally argon, which has poor thermal conductivity. The distance between the transparent substrates on both sides of the hollow cavity 7 is generally about 5-10mm. The narrower distance can prevent the convection of airflow in the hollow cavity 7, thereby reducing the heat conduction efficiency of the hollow cavity 7.

[0067] In addition, a protective layer 6 is provided outside the fourth functional layer 5.

[0068] In addition, a protective layer 10 is provided outside the third functional layer 9.

[0069] Furthermore, the combined transparent substrate also includes a sealing frame 101 connecting the outer edge of the first transparent substrate 1 and the outer edge of the second transparent substrate 2, and the sealing frame 101 forms a hollow cavity 7 around the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 2.

[0070] In other embodiments, the first functional layer 3 may be a heat-blocking layer or the second functional layer 4 may be a light-blocking layer. The dimming layer may also be disposed on the first outer surface 11, and is not limited to the second outer surface 21 in FIG4.

[0071] In other embodiments, the intermediate functional layer 8 may be absent, or the hollow cavity 7 may be absent.

[0072] The above examples illustrate four types of combined transparent substrates with light-blocking layers, dimming layers, and heat-blocking layers. In other embodiments, the combination of light-blocking layers, dimming layers, and heat-blocking layers can also take other forms and are not limited to these, which will not be elaborated here.

[0073] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a combined transparent substrate system with a heat insulation layer, comprising: multiple combined transparent substrates as described in the above embodiment, wherein the multiple combined transparent substrates are spliced ​​together. Specifically, in use, after multiple combined transparent substrates are spliced ​​together, the use of a dimming layer, like a display screen, allows the adjustment of different light transmittances of the dimming layer to form a large-area dimming skylight / curtain wall composed of the entire combined transparent substrate, displaying static and dynamic effects of the display screen image, thereby enabling the dimming skylight / curtain wall to achieve an artistic effect. The combination of heat insulation and display screen artistic effect is a perfect combination of transparent substrate skylight / curtain wall. The introduction of the dimming layer not only further increases the heat insulation effect of the large-area transparent substrate skylight / curtain wall, but also increases the static and dynamic image effects that a display screen can provide. For example, a combined transparent substrate is 4m... 2 Hundreds of modular transparent substrates are spliced ​​together to form a large space of several hundred square meters or more.

[0074] It is not difficult to see that this embodiment is a system embodiment corresponding to the first embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the first embodiment. The relevant technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.

[0075] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but it should be understood that, if necessary, aspects of the embodiments can be modified to utilize aspects, features, and concepts from various patents, applications, and publications to provide other embodiments.

[0076] In light of the detailed description above, these and other changes can be made to the embodiments. Generally, the terminology used in the claims should not be considered limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and claims, but should be understood to include all possible embodiments together with the full scope of equivalents enjoyed by these claims.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer, characterized in that, include: A first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate stacked together; The first transparent substrate has a first inner surface facing the second transparent substrate and a first outer surface facing away from the second transparent substrate; the second transparent substrate has a second inner surface facing the first transparent substrate and a second outer surface facing away from the first transparent substrate. The combined transparent substrate of the heat insulation layer also includes: a light blocking layer, a light-modulating layer and a heat blocking layer; One or more of the light-blocking layer, the dimming layer, and the heat-blocking layer are disposed on one or more of the first inner surface, the first outer surface, the second inner surface, and the second outer surface.

2. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A light-blocking layer is disposed on the first inner surface to form a first functional layer; a heat-blocking layer is disposed on the second inner surface to form a second functional layer.

3. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, A hollow cavity exists between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

4. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hollow cavity has at least one of the heat-insulating layer and the light-blocking layer forming an intermediate functional layer. The intermediate functional layer is a hollow region between itself and the first functional layer and the second functional layer. The intermediate functional layer is used for heat insulation and / or light blocking.

5. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intermediate functional layer is an organic thin film.

6. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The combined transparent substrate further includes a sealing frame connecting the outer edge of the first transparent substrate and the outer edge of the second transparent substrate, the sealing frame forming the hollow cavity around the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

7. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first functional layer and the second functional layer are bonded together.

8. The combined transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first outer surface has the dimming layer to form a third functional layer.

9. The composite transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third functional layer has a first protective layer on the side opposite to the first transparent substrate.

10. The composite transparent substrate with a heat-insulating layer according to claim 2 or 8, characterized in that, The second outer surface has the dimming layer to form a fourth functional layer.

11. The composite transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fourth functional layer has a second protective layer on the side opposite to the second transparent substrate.

12. The composite transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-blocking layer is a multilayer coating layer used to block infrared light; the dimming layer is a liquid crystal layer with electrodes; the heat-blocking layer is a coating or film layer, and the heat-blocking layer has microcrystalline particles.

13. The composite transparent substrate with a heat insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are made of glass, plexiglass, PC, or PI.

14. A combined transparent substrate system with a heat insulation layer, characterized in that, include: Multiple composite transparent substrates as described in any one of claims 1-13, wherein the multiple composite transparent substrates are spliced ​​and unfolded together.

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