System for generating ultrasonic waves

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (1) for generating ultrasonic waves, in particular for cosmetic or therapeutic treatment, comprising: an electrically controlled ultrasonic head (5) which is designed to generate ultrasonic waves U(fi) having a plurality of different frequencies fi, wherein said different frequencies fi form a group of frequencies; a signal generator (4) which is designed to generate signals S(fi) with said frequencies fi and to provide them at the ultrasonic head (5) for conversion into ultrasonic waves U(fi); and a control unit (3) which is designed to switch between the frequencies fi permanently or at least during predetermined time periods. The system (1) is characterised in that the control unit (3) is designed to randomly switch between all or at least a number of said frequencies fi according to a random function (6), wherein the number of said frequencies fi form a subgroup of said group.

Description

[0001] title

[0002] System for generating ultrasound waves

[0003] Description

[0004] The invention relates to a system for generating ultrasound waves according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0005] A generic system is known from EP 3 031439 Bl, in which ultrasound waves are used to treat biological tissue. The system is characterized by its ability to switch rapidly between at least two predefined frequencies, with the higher frequency being applied for a longer period than the lower one. This reduces undesirable effects such as periosteal inflammation or pain. The frequencies used, typically in the range of 0.7 MHz to 20 MHz, allow for flexible adaptation for deep or superficial tissue treatments.

[0006] Of particular note in the subject matter of EP 3031439 Bl is the frequency selection in non-integer ratios, which optimizes the efficiency between electrical input and acoustic output power. The system utilizes a controller for individual adjustment of treatment parameters and can be combined with other therapies. This results in an improved micromassage effect, which is beneficial for various applications in inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin diseases as well as for anti-aging treatments.

[0007] For a more detailed description of the beneficial effects achievable with ultrasound in the treatment of tissue, reference may be made to the disclosure in the aforementioned publication, which is incorporated into the present application by reference. As the applicant's further investigations and publications have shown, the main effect of these waves is achieved through modulation of the signaling protein caveolin-1, which serves as a target for inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin diseases as well as for anti-aging treatments.

[0008] Although this approach has proven successful in practice, there is a need for further development of the known system, characterized by even better effectiveness and, in particular, to prevent habituation effects.

[0009] This problem is solved according to the invention by a system having the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0010] A system according to the invention for generating ultrasound waves, in particular for cosmetic or therapeutic treatment, comprises: an electrically controlled ultrasound head configured to generate ultrasound waves with several different frequencies, wherein the aforementioned different frequencies T form a group of frequencies; a signal generator configured to generate signals S(fj) with the aforementioned frequencies T and to provide them to the ultrasound head for conversion into ultrasound waves U(fj); and a control unit configured to switch permanently or at least during predetermined time intervals between the frequencies T.The system according to the invention is characterized in that the control unit is configured to randomly switch between all or at least some of the aforementioned frequencies according to a random function, wherein some of the aforementioned frequencies T form a subgroup of the aforementioned group. In this way, a random or stochastic frequency sequence results.

[0011] The random function can be implemented using a Random Number Generator, which is known to experts.

[0012] This ensures, in particular, that habituation effects do not occur due to the random selection of at least a subset of the possible frequencies T. In this way, an improved effect can be achieved with the same ultrasound power as with previously known devices.

[0013] The following further developments of the invention have proven to be particularly advantageous in preclinical studies:

[0014] In one embodiment of the system according to the invention, it is provided that the said group of frequencies f comprises a number of at least three, preferably at least five, most preferably at least ten frequencies fi.

[0015] According to the applicant's findings, an efficient random (stochastic) frequency sequence can be achieved with such a number of frequencies. Furthermore, selecting frequencies from a (relatively) broad frequency spectrum can have a stronger effect on the aforementioned protein caveolin-1, which has proven advantageous.

[0016] In another embodiment of the system according to the invention, the frequencies fi are provided to lie in a range between 3 MHz and 19 MHz, preferably in a range between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. The frequencies can be arranged as evenly distributed as possible over this range.

[0017] Preferably, the individual frequencies fi are spaced apart by at least 0.5 MHz, more preferably by at least 1.0 MHz and even more preferably by at least 2.0 MHz.

[0018] The applicant has recognized that the best possible results for the preferred use of the invention for treating (specifically improving the skin's appearance) human skin can be achieved specifically at the aforementioned frequencies or in the corresponding frequency range. This includes, in particular, the treatment of scar tissue and wounds.

[0019] In a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, the ultrasound head is provided to have an ultrasound transducer, preferably a so-called thickness transducer, which has its resonant frequency or fundamental frequency at approximately a medium frequency from the aforementioned group, preferably at a frequency of approximately 10 MHz. The ultrasound transducer, preferably a piezoelectric element, serves to convert an electronic excitation signal into mechanical ultrasonic vibrations or waves, which is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0020] In a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, the control unit is designed to randomly switch between all or at least some of the aforementioned frequencies fi, with the exception of the aforementioned resonant frequency, according to the random function, and to repeat the aforementioned resonant frequency according to a regular pattern, in particular every second or third frequency change.

[0021] In this way, the invention is able to exploit the effect of so-called stochastic resonance, which states that a signal can be effectively amplified if a noise signal (at frequencies other than the signal) is present simultaneously with the signal. In the present case, the signal at the aforementioned mid-frequency is considered the signal; the signals at the other frequencies mentioned, with the exception of the resonance frequency, constitute a type of noise.

[0022] In yet another embodiment of the system according to the invention, the control unit is configured to switch between the frequencies fi after a fixed or randomly selected switching time. The switching time, particularly the randomly selected switching time, can be between 0.1 ms and 50 ms, preferably between 0.1 ms and 10 ms.

[0023] With such short switching times, which correspond to an equally long generation time of the frequencies in question, human tissue cells can no longer respond successively to the vibrational phenomena caused by the ultrasound waves. According to the applicant, the corresponding reaction time of the cells is approximately 100 ms to 500 ms. Therefore, with these relatively short switching times, a so-called "biological interference" occurs, in which the cells must react to different frequencies simultaneously and cannot adjust to the ultrasound effect of a single frequency. This is considered particularly helpful for successful treatment. According to the applicant, the aforementioned effect of "biological interference" is particularly pronounced with switching times of less than 10 ms or between 0.1 ms and 10 ms.Rapid frequency switching allows for the quasi-simultaneous application of all frequencies from a wide frequency spectrum, which increases treatment effectiveness and reduces habituation effects to individual frequencies.

[0024] During the aforementioned generation times, sinusoidal oscillations with the aforementioned frequencies f are preferably generated within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] In yet another embodiment of the system according to the invention, the switching time is correlated with the frequency, with higher frequencies resulting in longer switching times. This is equivalent to generating or applying higher frequencies or the corresponding ultrasonic waves for a longer period of time.

[0026] The applicant has recognized that such a design can also have a positive effect on the achievable treatment success.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention, the control unit is configured to select a first generation duration at one of the frequencies and a second generation duration, different from the first, at the other frequencies. Preferably, the second generation duration can be shorter than the first generation duration. Furthermore, most preferably, one of the frequencies can correspond to the resonance frequency introduced above. In particular, the first generation duration is 10 ms and the second generation duration is between 0.1 ms and 1.0 ms.

[0028] The generation time corresponds to the aforementioned switching time: If, after a time T, the system switches from one frequency to the next, the first frequency is generated with a generation time T. In this way, the effects of stochastic resonance, biological interference, and the efficient excitation of harmonics and sub-harmonics mentioned above can be used in any combination and to any degree.

[0029] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if, in a further development of the system according to the invention, the control unit is designed to change the intensity of the ultrasound waves along with the frequencies fi, preferably selecting the intensity from an interval ranging from 0 to 3 W / cm². 2 , preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 W / cm² 2 , suffices.

[0030] In principle, according to the applicant's findings, a good treatment outcome can be achieved especially when the intensity is distributed as evenly as possible across the entire frequency spectrum used, with the aforementioned values ​​proving to be particularly advantageous.

[0031] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if, in a further development of the system according to the invention, the control unit is configured to vary the intensity for at least some of the frequencies according to a random function, resulting in a random intensity sequence. In this way, the advantageous properties of the stochastic resonance already mentioned several times can be utilized within the scope of the invention.

[0032] This use is further enhanced if, in another further development of the system according to the invention, the control unit is designed to select a first intensity at one of the frequencies and to select a second intensity different from the first intensity at the other frequencies.

[0033] The applicant has also found that good treatment results can be achieved if, in a further development of the system according to the invention, the control unit is designed to select all frequencies with substantially the same probability or frequency, p, p ∝ f 0This is also considered a type of white noise in the present case and applies, with appropriate statistical analysis, i.e., after a large number of switching operations, possibly with the exception of the aforementioned resonance frequency, which can be used according to a different pattern. Furthermore, this approach can also apply to the ultrasound intensity and / or the generation or switching times: these, too, can be randomly selected from a respective interval of values ​​by the control unit with the aforementioned frequency.

[0034] The applicant has further discovered that good treatment results can be achieved for some indications if, in a further development of the system according to the invention, the control unit is configured to select the frequencies with a probability or frequency, p, that corresponds to a Gaussian normal distribution with a maximum at one of the frequencies. This also applies with appropriate statistical analysis, i.e., after a large number of switching operations, possibly with the exception of the aforementioned resonance frequency, which can be used according to a different pattern. Furthermore, this approach can also be applied to the ultrasound intensity and / or the generation or switching times: these, too, can be randomly selected from a respective interval of values ​​by the control unit with the aforementioned frequency.

[0035] The applicant also discovered that good treatment results can be achieved for some indications if, in a further development of the system according to the invention, the control unit is configured to select the frequencies with a probability or frequency, p, which corresponds to a mathematical function dependent on the frequency value, wherein preferably p oc 1 / / or p ∝ f -2 or p oc f or p ∝ f 2This corresponds to a type of colored noise. This also applies when considering the appropriate statistical approach, i.e., after a large number of switching operations, possibly with the exception of the aforementioned resonance frequency, which can be used according to a different pattern. Furthermore, this approach can also be applied to the ultrasound intensity and / or the generation or switching times: these, too, can be randomly selected from a given value interval by the control unit with the specified frequency. Combinations of the approaches described above are also possible: for example, the frequencies can be randomly selected according to a first type of noise, while the intensities and / or the switching times are fixed and / or randomly selected according to the first or a second type of noise. During treatment, the settings can also be changed to further prevent habituation effects.

[0036] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of specific embodiments with reference to the drawing.

[0037] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the system according to the invention;

[0038] Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of stochastic frequency selection;

[0039] Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of stochastic frequency selection;

[0040] Figure 4 shows a third embodiment of stochastic frequency selection;

[0041] Figure 5 shows a fourth embodiment of stochastic frequency selection;

[0042] Figure 6 shows a first embodiment of the selection of intensity and / or switching time depending on the frequency;

[0043] Figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the selection of intensity and / or switching time depending on the frequency;

[0044] Figure 8 shows a third embodiment of the selection of intensity and / or switching time depending on the frequency; and

[0045] Figure 9 shows a fourth configuration for selecting intensity and / or switching time depending on the frequency. In all figures, the same reference symbols represent identical or at least equivalently functioning elements.

[0046] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the system 1 according to the invention. It serves to generate ultrasound waves, in particular for the cosmetic or therapeutic treatment of body tissue 2, and comprises a control unit 3 which is operatively connected to a signal generator 4, which in turn is operatively connected to an electrically controlled ultrasound transducer 5. The ultrasound transducer 5 is used to act on the tissue, as schematically shown.

[0047] The ultrasound transducer 5 is configured to generate ultrasound waves U(fi) with several different frequencies fi, where these different frequencies fi form a group of frequencies. The signal generator 4 is accordingly configured to generate signals S(fj) with the aforementioned frequencies fi and to provide them to the ultrasound transducer s for conversion into ultrasound waves U(fj). The control unit 3 is configured to switch between the frequencies fi permanently or at least during predetermined time intervals. For this purpose, the control unit 3 includes a random function or the (software) implementation 6 of such a function, according to which switching between all or at least some of the aforementioned frequencies fi can be performed randomly, i.e., stochastically. The possible frequencies fi are predefined, as schematically represented by reference numeral 7 (with i = 0,..., n ∈ N), and stored in a storage medium 8 of the control unit 3.The value for n can, for example, be 10. The control unit 3 also has a user interface 9, preferably a GUI (Graphical User Interface), through which the user can make settings and changes to the frequencies fi (dashed arrow in Figure 1) and / or initiate random frequency output. Some of the frequencies fi mentioned above form a subgroup of the aforementioned group. According to the random function or its implementation 6, a random frequency sequence results during operation of the system 1, which leads to a correspondingly random (stochastic) application of ultrasound waves to the tissue 2.

[0048] As Figure 1 shows, the ultrasound head 5 comprises the ultrasound head for generating the ultrasound waves U(f). i) an ultrasonic transducer 10, which can be configured as a thickness transducer. The ultrasonic transducer 10 receives the frequency signals S( ) from the signal generator 4 and generates the ultrasonic waves U(f) from them. i ) with the respective frequency, intensity and duration, wherein these parameters depend on the control by the signal generator 4 and are adjustable (by the user) in this case, in particular according to or via the control unit 3.

[0049] The tissue 2 comprises cells 11 which, according to the invention, are preferably vibrated with (ultrasonic) vibrations U(f i) are subjected to ultrasound waves in such a way that the aforementioned biological interference occurs at them, in order to enhance the desired treatment effects. Particularly preferred is at least partially stochastic exposure to ultrasound waves with a frequency between 5 MHz and 15 MHz for a duration of less than 10 ms (1 ms to 10 ms) and an associated intensity of 1 W / cm². 2 up to 1.5 W / cm 2 .

[0050] Figures 2 to 9 below show control engineering possibilities for realizing the stochastic frequency selection used within the scope of the invention.

[0051] The graphs in Figures 2 to 5 show the (numerical) frequency p with which a specific frequency T is selected.

[0052] Figure 2 illustrates the previously mentioned case where the control unit 3 (see Figure 1) is configured to select the frequencies with a probability or frequency, p, which is analogous to white noise: p ∝ f 0 This corresponds to a horizontal line in the fp diagram. The marked interval f denotes the range from which the frequencies are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. In other words, all frequencies fi are selected with statistical probability or frequency.

[0053] Figure 3 illustrates the previously mentioned case where the control unit 3 (see Figure 1) is configured to select the frequencies fi with a statistical probability or frequency, p, that corresponds to a Gaussian normal distribution with a maximum at one of the frequencies fi, e.g., the mean frequency from the marked interval, in particular at a frequency of 10 MHz. The marked interval fi again denotes the range from which the frequencies fi are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. In other words, the frequencies fi are selected statistically with a probability or frequency that corresponds to the Gaussian bell curve shown.

[0054] Figure 4 illustrates the case already mentioned, in which the control unit 3 (see Figure 1) is configured to select the frequencies fi with a statistical probability or frequency, p, which corresponds to a mathematical function dependent on the frequency value, where, according to Figure 4: p ∝ f 2 The marked interval fi again denotes the range from which the frequencies fi are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. In other words, the frequencies fi are selected statistically with a probability or frequency that depends on the frequency according to the parabolic curve shown.

[0055] Figure 5 illustrates the case already mentioned, in which the control unit 3 (see Figure 1) is configured to select the frequencies fi with a statistical probability or frequency, p, which corresponds to a mathematical function dependent on the frequency value, where, according to Figure 4: p ∝ f-1 The marked interval fi again denotes the range from which the frequencies fi are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. In other words, the frequencies fi are selected statistically with a probability or frequency that, according to the curve shown, depends on the frequency. This is also a relationship p ∝ f. -2 This is possible (not shown). In principle, however, the frequencies can also be selected in such a way that there is no clear formal relationship of the aforementioned kind between frequency / probability p and frequency f.

[0056] The graphs in Figures 6 to 9 show the intensity I of the ultrasound waves U(f i ) and their generation time t as a function of the frequency f.

[0057] In Figure 6, the intensity values ​​or durations per frequency are represented as bars of equal height and finite width, although in practice, preferably exactly one precise frequency value is selected. The marked interval fi again denotes the range from which the frequencies fi are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. The durations mentioned are preferably less than 10 ms (e.g., 1 ms to 10 ms), and the intensity is preferably between 1 W / cm². 2 and 1.5 W / cm 2 .

[0058] In other words, Figure 6 shows (without limitation) six distinct frequency values ​​or correspondingly generated ultrasound waves U(f). i), all of which are generated during a defined, equal time period and with the same defined intensity, provided they are randomly selected within the stochastic frequency selection. This can be arbitrarily combined with the frequencies according to any one of Figures 2 to 5 within the scope of the invention.

[0059] The configuration shown can, of course, also be limited to only one of the two parameters, intensity and duration, while the other parameter is kept constant or modified in some other way. This applies equally to the configurations shown in Figures 7ff. The combined graphic representation is intended only to reduce the number of figures required.

[0060] In Figure 7, the intensity values ​​or durations per frequency are represented as bars of varying height and the same finite width, although in practice, preferably exactly one precise frequency value is selected. The marked interval fi again denotes the range from which the frequencies fi are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. The durations mentioned are preferably less than 10 ms (e.g., 1 ms to 10 ms), and the intensity is preferably between 1 W / cm². 2 and 1.5 W / cm 2 .

[0061] In other words, Figure 7 shows (without limitation) five distinct frequency values ​​or correspondingly generated ultrasound waves Ufi, all of which are generated for different durations and / or with different intensities. The selection of intensity and / or duration can be random, preferably according to the random function 6 shown in Figure 1. Within the scope of the invention, this can in turn be combined arbitrarily with the frequencies shown in any one of Figures 2 to 5.

[0062] Figure 8 shows the intensity values ​​or time durations for each frequency as bars with varying heights but the same finite width, although in practice, preferably exactly one precise frequency value is selected. The marked interval fi again denotes the range from which the frequencies fi are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. The time durations shown are preferably t. i=1 ms and t0=10 ms, and the intensities are preferably at I0=1 W / cm² 2 and I1=0.1 W / cm 2 The values ​​with index zero belong to the marked middle frequency, which is preferably 10 MHz and can correspond to the (main) resonant frequency of transducer 10 (see Figure 1). This allows the previously mentioned effect of stochastic resonance to be exploited.

[0063] In other words, Figure 8 shows (without limitation) five distinct frequency values ​​or correspondingly generated ultrasound waves U(f). i ), four of which are generated during the same duration and / or with the same intensity. The middle frequency, however, is generated with its own (higher) intensity and / or its own (longer) duration. Within the scope of the invention, this can in turn be combined arbitrarily with the frequencies according to any one of Figures 2 to 5.

[0064] Figure 9 shows the intensity values ​​or time durations for each frequency as bars with varying heights but the same finite width, although in practice, preferably exactly one precise frequency value is selected. The marked interval T again denotes the range from which the frequencies T are selected, e.g., between 5 MHz and 15 MHz. The time durations shown are preferably between t i =1 ms and t0=10 ms, and the intensities preferably lie between I0=1 W / cm² 2 and I1=0.1 W / cm 2 The marked mean frequency is preferably 10 MHz and can correspond to the (main) resonant frequency of transducer 10 (see Figure 1). This also allows the previously mentioned effect of stochastic resonance to be exploited.

[0065] In other words, Figure 9 shows (without limitation) five distinct frequency values ​​or correspondingly generated ultrasound waves U(f). i), four of which are generated over a relatively short period and / or with relatively low intensity. The middle frequency, on the other hand, is generated with its own (higher) intensity and / or its own (longer) duration. The selection of intensity and / or duration can be at least partially random, preferably according to the random function 6 shown in Figure 1. Within the scope of the invention, this can in turn be combined arbitrarily with the frequencies shown in any one of Figures 2 to 5.

Claims

Claims 1. System (1) for generating ultrasound waves, in particular for cosmetic or therapeutic treatment, comprising: an electrically controlled ultrasound head (5) designed to generate ultrasound waves U(f) with several different frequencies fi, wherein the aforementioned different frequencies fi form a group of frequencies, a signal generator (4) which is designed to generate signals S(f) with the aforementioned frequencies fi and to provide them to the ultrasound head (5) for conversion into ultrasound waves U(f), and a control unit (3) designed to switch permanently or at least during specified time intervals between the frequencies fi, characterized by the fact that the control unit (3) is designed to switch randomly between all or at least some of the aforementioned frequencies fi according to a random function (6), wherein some of the aforementioned frequencies fi form a subgroup of the aforementioned group.

2. System (1) according to claim 1, wherein the group comprises a number of at least three, preferably at least five, most preferably at least ten frequencies fi.

3. System (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frequencies fi lie in a range between 3 MHz and 19 MHz, preferably between 5 MHz and 15 MHz.

4. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the individual frequencies fi by at least 0.5 MHz each, preferably by at least 1.0 MHz each and even more preferably by at least 2.0 MHz each are spaced apart from each other.

5. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ultrasound head (5) has an ultrasound transducer (10) which has its resonant frequency at approximately a medium frequency from the aforementioned group, preferably at a frequency of approximately 10 MHz.

6. System (1) according to claim 5, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to switch randomly between all or at least some of the aforementioned frequencies fi, with the exception of the aforementioned resonant frequency, according to the random function (6), and to repeat the aforementioned resonant frequency according to a regular pattern, in particular every second or third frequency change.

7. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to switch between the frequencies fi after a fixed or randomly selected switching time t, wherein preferably the switching time t, in particular the randomly selected switching time t, is between 0.1 ms and 50 ms, preferably between 0.1 ms and 10 ms.

8. System (1) according to claim 7, wherein The switching time t is correlated with the frequency f, with higher frequencies having longer switching times.

9. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control unit (3) is configured to select a first generation duration (to) at one of the frequencies and to select a second generation duration (ti) different from the first generation duration at the other frequencies, wherein preferably the second generation duration is shorter than the first generation duration, wherein most preferably one of the frequencies corresponds to the resonance frequency according to claim 4 and wherein in particular the first The first generation time (to) is 10 ms and the second generation time (ti) is between 0.1 and 1.0 ms.

10. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to change, together with the frequencies fi, also an intensity I of the ultrasound waves, wherein the intensity I is preferably selected from an interval ranging from 0 to 3 W / cm 2 , preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 W / cm² 2 , suffices.

11. System (1) according to claim 10, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to change the intensity I for at least some of the frequencies according to a random function (6).

12. System (1) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to select a first intensity (Io) at one of the frequencies and to select a second intensity (li) different from the first intensity at the other frequencies.

13. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to select all frequencies with substantially the same probability or frequency, p, p ∝ f 0 .

14. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the control unit (3) is designed to select the frequencies with a probability or frequency, p, which corresponds to a Gaussian normal distribution with a maximum at one of the frequencies.

15. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the control unit (3) is configured to select the frequencies with a probability or frequency, p, which corresponds to a mathematical function dependent on the frequency value, where preferably p oc 1 / / or p ∝ f -2 orp oc f orp ∝ f 2 .

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