Antenna system for an analyte sensor system

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide an analyte sensor system for communication with a partner device in a health management system. The analyte sensor system includes a transcutaneous analyte sensor configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system and an antenna system for communicating with the partner device. The antenna system includes a plurality of antennas and each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization. The analyte sensor system is configured to transmit an analyte data, associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user, to a partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas. Additionally, the analyte sensor system is configured to receive one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

Description

Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR AN ANALYTE SENSOR SYSTEMCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 730,860, filed December 11, 2024, which is assigned to the assignee of the present application and is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety for all applicable purposes, as if fully set forth herein.BACKGROUND

[0002] The present application relates generally to medical devices such as analyte sensors for monitoring analyte concentration levels of a user.

[0003] Diabetes is a metabolic condition relating to the production or use of insulin by the body. Insulin is a hormone that allows the body to use glucose for energy, or store glucose as fat.

[0004] Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which the pancreas cannot create sufficient insulin (Type I or insulin dependent) and / or in which insulin is not effective (Type 2 or non-insulin dependent). In the diabetic state, the victim suffers from high blood sugar, which causes an array of physiological derangements (kidney failure, skin ulcers, or bleeding into the vitreous of the eye) associated with the deterioration of small blood vessels. A hypoglycemic reaction (low blood sugar) may be induced by an inadvertent overdose of insulin, or after a normal dose of insulin or glucose-lowering agent accompanied by extraordinary exercise or insufficient food intake.

[0005] Conventionally, a diabetic patient carries a selfmonitoring blood glucose (SMBG) monitor, which may require uncomfortable finger pricking methods. Due to the lack of comfort and convenience, a diabetic will normally only measure his or her glucose level two to four times per day. Unfortunately, these time intervals are spread so far apart that the diabetic will likely be alerted to a hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic condition too late, sometimes incurring dangerous side effects as a result. In fact, it is unlikely that a diabetic will take a timely SMBG value, and further the diabetic will not know if his blood glucose value is going up (higher) or down (lower), due to limitations of conventional methods.

[0006] Consequently, a variety of non-invasive, transdermal (e.g., transcutaneous) and / or implantable sensors are being developed for continuously detecting and / orP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 1Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 quantifying blood glucose values. Generally, in a diabetes management system, a transmitter associated with the sensor wirelessly transmits raw or minimally processed data for subsequent display and / or analysis at one or more display devices, which can include a mobile device, a server, or any other type of communication devices. A display device, such as a mobile device, may then utilize a trusted software application (e.g., approved and / or provided by the manufacturer of the sensor), which takes the raw or minimally processed data and provides the user with information about the user's blood glucose levels. Because diabetes management systems using such implantable sensors can provide more up-to-date information to users, they may reduce the risk of a user failing to regulate the user's blood glucose levels.

[0007] This background is provided to introduce a brief context for the summary and detailed description that follow. This background is not intended to be an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter nor be viewed as limiting the claimed subject matter to implementations that solve any or all of the disadvantages or problems presented above.SUMMARY

[0008] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide an analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system includes a transcutaneous analyte sensor configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system, an antenna system, and a sensor electronics module. The antenna system comprises a plurality of antennas and each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization. Additionally, the plurality of antennas is configured to transmit, to a partner device, analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user and receive one or more signals from the partner device. The sensor electronics module is configured to obtain the one or more analyte concentration level measurements from the transcutaneous analyte sensor, process the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate the analyte data, transmit the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, and receive the one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

[0009] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a first health management device. The first health management device may comprise a partner device,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 2Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 such as an insulin pump, or an analyte measurement receiver device. The first health management device includes an antenna system and an electronics module. The antenna system includes a plurality of antennas for communicating with a second health management device associated with a user. Each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization. Additionally, the plurality of antennas is configured to receive, from the second health management device, analyte data associated with one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user and transmit one or more signals to the second health management device. The electronics module is configured to receive the analyte data from the second health management device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas and transmit the one or more signals to the second health management device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

[0010] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a health management system. The health management system includes an analyte sensor system and a partner device. The analyte sensor system includes a transcutaneous analyte sensor configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system, a first antenna system, and a sensor electronics module. The first antenna system comprises a first plurality of antennas and each antenna of the first plurality of antennas has a different polarization. Additionally, the first plurality of antennas is configured to transmit, to a partner device, analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user and receive one or more signals from the partner device. The sensor electronics module is configured to obtain the one or more analyte concentration level measurements from the transcutaneous analyte sensor, process the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate the analyte data, transmit the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of the first plurality of antennas, and receive the one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the first plurality of antennas.

[0011] Further, the partner device a second antenna system and an electronics module. The second antenna system includes a second plurality of antennas for communicating with the analyte sensor system. Each antenna of the second plurality of antennas has a different polarization. Additionally, the second plurality of antennas is configured to receive, from the analyte sensor system, the analyte data associated with one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user and transmit the one or more signals to the analyte sensor system. The an electronics module configured toP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 3Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 receive the analyte data from the analyte sensor system using one or more antennas of the second plurality of antennas and transmit the one or more signals to the analyte sensor system using one or more antennas of the second plurality of antennas.

[0012] Other aspects provide: an apparatus operable, configured, or otherwise adapted to perform the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; a non-transitory, computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; and an apparatus comprising means for performing the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device with a processing system, or processing systems cooperating over one or more networks.

[0013] The following description and the appended figures set forth certain features for purposes of illustration.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example diabetes management system, according to some embodiments disclosed herein.

[0015] FIG. 2 illustrates a more detailed view of a health management system including a display device that is communicatively coupled to an analyte sensor system, according to some embodiments disclosed herein.

[0016] FIG. 3A is an example analyte sensor system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 3B is an example analyte sensor system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0018] FIG. 3C illustrates aspects of an example analyte sensor system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0019] FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C illustrate the communication of signals between an analyte sensor system and a partner device of a user for three different orientation scenarios involving the analyte sensor system and the partner device, in accordance withP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 4Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 some embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 5 illustrates an analyte sensor system that includes an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas for communicating with a partner device.

[0021] FIG. 6 illustrates a receiver device that includes an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas for communicating with a partner device.

[0022] FIG. 7 depicts a method for wireless communication by an analyte sensor system, according to some embodiments disclosed herein.

[0023] FIG. 8 depicts a method for wireless communication by a health management device, according to some embodiments disclosed herein.

[0024] FIG. 9 depicts aspects of an example health management device, according to some embodiments disclosed herein.

[0025] FIG. 10 depicts aspects of an example health management, according to some embodiments disclosed herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for improving communication reliability (e.g., improving a signal strength or another quality metric) between an analyte sensor system and a partner device, such as an insulin pump, in a health management system. The analyte sensor system may be equipped with a plurality of antennas, each antenna having a different polarization. The different polarizations of the antennas may help to improve the communication reliability between the analyte sensor system and the partner device, particularly in scenarios where a user has the flexibility to orient these devices in various ways, which may otherwise result in suboptimal antenna alignment between these devices and poor communication reliability.Introduction to Health Management Systems

[0027] FIG. 1 depicts a health management system 100 including an example continuous analyte sensor system (SS) 8 having continuous analyte sensor(s) and sensor electronics, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. For example, SS 8 may be configured to continuously monitor one or more analytes of a user 50, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] As shown, SS 8 includes sensor electronics module 12 and one or moreP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 5Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 analyte sensor(s) 10 (individually referred to herein as analyte sensor(s) 10 and collectively referred to herein as analyte sensor(s) 10) associated with sensor electronics module 12. In some embodiments, the one or more analyte sensor(s) 10 may comprise one or more continuous analyte sensors configured to provide continuous analyte concentration level measurements. Sensor electronics module 12 may be in wireless communication (e.g., directly or indirectly) with one or more of display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140, and / or server system 134.

[0029] In certain embodiments, the analyte sensor(s) 10 may comprise one or more sensors for detecting and / or measuring analyte(s). The analyte sensor(s) 10 may be a multi-analyte sensor configured to continuously measure two or more analytes or a single analyte sensor configured to continuously measure a single analyte as a non-invasive device, a subcutaneous device, a transcutaneous device, a transdermal device, and / or an intravascular device. In certain embodiments, the analyte sensor(s) 10 may be configured to continuously measure analyte concentration levels of the user 50 using one or more techniques, such as enzymatic techniques, chemical techniques, physical techniques, electrochemical techniques, potentiostatic techniques, potentiometric techniques, impedimetric techniques, spectrophotometric techniques, polarimetric techniques, calorimetric techniques, iontophoretic techniques, radiometric techniques, immunochemical techniques, and the like. The term “continuous,” as used herein, can mean fully continuous, semi-continuous, periodic, etc. In certain aspects, the analyte sensor(s) 10 provides a data stream indicative of the concentration of one or more analytes of the user 50. The data stream may include raw data signals, which are then converted into a calibrated and / or filtered data stream used to provide estimated analyte value(s) to the user 50.

[0030] In certain embodiments, the analyte sensor(s) 10 may be a multi-analyte sensor, configured to continuously measure one or more analytes in a body of the user 50. In some embodiments, the one or more analytes may include at least one of sodium ions, potassium ions, hydrogen ions, lithium ions, magnesium ions, calcium ions, chloride ions, sulfite ions, sulfate ions, phosphate ions, ammonium ions, uric acid, urea, ketones, and / or glucose.

[0031] In certain embodiments, the analyte sensor(s) 10 may comprise a percutaneous wire that has a proximal portion coupled to the sensor electronics module 12 and a distal portion with several electrodes, such as a measurement electrode and aP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 6Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 reference electrode. The measurement (or working) electrode may be coated, covered, treated, embedded, etc., with one or more chemical molecules that react with a particular analyte, and the reference electrode may provide a reference electrical voltage. The measurement electrode may generate the analog electrical signal, which is conveyed along a conductor that extends from the measurement electrode to the proximal portion of the percutaneous wire that is coupled to the sensor electronics module 12. After the SS 8 has been applied to epidermis of the user 50, analyte sensor(s) 10 penetrates the epidermis, and the distal portion extends into the dermis and / or subcutaneous tissue under epidermis. Other configurations of analyte sensor(s) 10 may also be used, such as a multianalyte sensor that includes multiple measurement electrodes, each generating an analog electrical signal that represents the concentration levels of a particular analyte.

[0032] Generally, a single-analyte sensor generates an analog electrical signal that is proportional to the concentration level of a particular analyte. Similarly, each multianalyte sensor generates multiple analog electrical signals, and each analog electrical signal is proportional to the concentration level of a particular analyte. As an illustrative example, analyte sensor(s) 10 may include a single-analyte sensor configured to measure glucose concentration levels, and another single-analyte sensor configured to measure concentration levels of another analyte of the user 50, such as at least one of a sodium ion concentration level, a potassium ion concentration level, a hydrogen ion concentration level, a lithium ion concentration level, a magnesium ion concentration level, a calcium ion concentration level, a chloride ion concentration level, a sulfite ion concentration level, a sulfate ion concentration level, a phosphate ion concentration level, an ammonium ion concentration level, a uric acid concentration level, a urea concentration level, and / or a ketone concentration level. As another illustrative example, analyte sensor(s) 10 may include a single-analyte sensor configured to measure glucose concentration levels, and one or more multi-analyte sensors configured to measure a sodium ion concentration level, a potassium ion concentration level, a hydrogen ion concentration level, a lithium ion concentration level, a magnesium ion concentration level, a calcium ion concentration level, a chloride ion concentration level, a sulfite ion concentration level, a sulfate ion concentration level, a phosphate ion concentration level, an ammonium ion concentration level, a uric acid concentration level, a urea concentration level, a ketone concentration level, a concentration of lactate, a concentration level of creatinine, etc. As yet another illustrative example, analyte sensor(s) 10 may include a multi-analyte sensor configuredP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 7Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 to measure glucose concentration levels, a sodium ion concentration level, a potassium ion concentration level, a hydrogen ion concentration level, a lithium ion concentration level, a magnesium ion concentration level, a calcium ion concentration level, a chloride ion concentration level, a sulfite ion concentration level, a sulfate ion concentration level, a phosphate ion concentration level, an ammonium ion concentration level, a uric acid concentration level, a urea concentration level, a ketone concentration level, a concentration of lactate, a concentration level of creatinine, etc.

[0033] Accordingly, analyte sensor(s) 10 is configured to generate at least one analog electrical signal that is proportional to the concentration level of a particular analyte, and sensor electronics module 12 is configured to convert the analog electrical signal into an analyte sensor count values, calibrate the analyte sensor count values based on the sensitivity profile of the analyte sensor(s) 10 to generate measured analyte concentration levels, and transmit the measured analyte concentration level data, including the measured analyte concentration levels, to a display device, such as display devices 210, 220, 230, and / or 240, via a wireless connection. For example, sensor electronics module 12 may be configured to sample the analog electrical signal at a particular sampling period (or rate), such as every 1 second (1 Hz), 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, etc., and to transmit the measured analyte concentration data to the display device at a particular transmission period (or rate), which may be the same as (or longer than) the sampling period, such as every 1 minute (0.016 Hz), 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, at the conclusion of the wear period, etc. Depending on the sampling and transmission periods, the measured analyte concentration data transmitted to the display device include at least one measured analyte concentration level having an associated time tag, sequence number, etc. Additional details regarding analyte concentration level measurement and the configuration of the analyte sensor(s) 10 and sensor electronics module 12 may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18 / 241,658 filed on September 1, 2023 and entitled, “DEVICES AND METHODS FOR MEASURING A CONCENTRATION OF A TARGET ANALYTE IN A BIOLOGICAL FLUID IN VIVO,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0034] In certain embodiments, analyte sensor(s) 10 may incorporate a thermocouple within, or alongside, the percutaneous wire to provide an analog temperature signal to the sensor electronics module 12, which may be used to correct the analog electrical signal or the measured analyte data for temperature. In otherP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 8Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 embodiments, the thermocouple may be incorporated into the sensor electronics module 12 above the adhesive pad, or, alternatively, the thermocouple may contact the epidermis of the patient through openings in the adhesive pad.

[0035] In certain embodiments, sensor electronics module 12 includes electronic circuitry associated with measuring and processing the continuous analyte sensor data, including prospective algorithms associated with processing and calibration of the sensor data. Sensor electronics module 12 can be physically coupled to analyte sensor(s) 10 and can be integral with (non-releasably attached to) or releasably attachable to analyte sensor(s) 10. Sensor electronics module 12 may include hardware, firmware, and / or software that enable measurement of levels of analyte(s) via analyte sensor(s) 10. For example, sensor electronics module 12 can include an electrochemical analog front end (e.g., a potentiostat, galvanostat, coulostat, etc.), a power source for providing power to the sensor (including power switches and controlling logic), other components useful for signal processing and data storage, and a telemetry module for transmitting data from the sensor electronics module to, e.g., one or more display devices. Electronics can be affixed to a printed circuit board (PCB), or the like, and can take a variety of forms. For example, the electronics can take the form of an integrated circuit (IC), such as an Application- Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a microcontroller, and / or a processor.

[0036] Display devices 110, 120, 130, and / or 140 are configured for displaying displayable sensor data, including analyte data, which may be transmitted by sensor electronics module 12. Each of display devices 110, 120, 130, and / or 140 may include a display such as a touchscreen display 112, 122, 132, and / or 142 for displaying sensor data to a patient and / or for receiving inputs from the patient. For example, a graphical user interface (GUI) may be presented to the patient for such purposes. In certain embodiments, the display devices may include other types of user interfaces such as a voice user interface instead of, or in addition to, a touchscreen display for communicating sensor data to the patient of the display device and / or for receiving patient inputs. In certain embodiments, one, some, or all of display devices 110, 120, 130, 140 may be configured to display or otherwise communicate the sensor information as it is communicated from sensor electronics module 12 (e.g., in a data package that is transmitted to respective display devices), without any additional prospective processing required for calibration and / or real-time display of the sensor data.

[0037] The plurality of display devices 110, 120, 130, 140 depicted in FIG. 1 mayP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 9Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 include a custom or proprietary display device, for example, display device 110, especially designed for displaying certain types of displayable sensor information associated with analyte data received from sensor electronics module 12 (e.g., a numerical value and / or an arrow, in certain embodiments). In certain embodiments, one of the plurality of display devices 110, 120, 130, 140 includes a smartphone, such as a mobile phone, based on an Android, iOS, or another operating system configured to display a graphical representation of the continuous sensor data (e.g., including current and / or historic data). In some embodiments, one of the plurality of display devices 110, 120, 130, 140 may include a home automation system display or speakers. In certain embodiments, health management system 100 further includes a medical delivery device (e.g., an insulin pump or pen). Sensor electronics module 12 may be configured to transmit sensor information and / or analyte data to medical delivery device. The medical delivery device (not shown) may be configured to administer a certain dosage of insulin or another medicament to the user based on the sensor information and / or analyte data (e.g., which may include a recommended insulin dosage) received from the sensor electronics module 12.

[0038] Server system 134 may be used to directly or indirectly collect analyte data from SS 8 and / or the plurality of display devices, for example, to perform analytics thereon, generate universal or individualized models for analyte concentration levels and profiles, provide services or feedback, including from individuals or systems remotely monitoring the analyte data, perform or assist SS 8 and the plurality of display devices with identification, authentication, etc., according to the embodiments described herein, so on. Note that, in certain embodiments, server system 134 may be representative of multiple systems or computing devices that perform the functions of server system 134 (e.g., in a distributed manner).

[0039] The term “analyte” as used herein is a broad term and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to a substance or chemical constituent in a biological fluid (e.g., blood, interstitial fluid, cerebral spinal fluid, lymph fluid, urine, sweat, saliva, etc.) that can be analyzed. Analytes can include naturally occurring substances, artificial substances, metabolites, electrolytes, ions, gasses, hormones, proteins, enzymes, neurotransmitters, infectious agents, and / or reaction products. In some examples, the analyte measured by the sensing regions,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 10Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 devices, and methods is glucose. However, other analytes are contemplated as well, including but not limited to acarboxyprothrombin; acylcamitine; adenine phosphoribosyl transferase; adenosine deaminase; albumin; alpha-fetoprotein; amino acid profiles (arginine (Krebs cycle), histidine / urocanic acid, homocysteine, phenylalanine / tyrosine, tryptophan); andrenostenedione; antipyrine; arabinitol enantiomers; arginase; benzoylecgonine (cocaine); bilirubin, biotinidase; biopterin; c-reactive protein; carnitine; carnosinase; CD4; ceruloplasmin; chenodeoxycholic acid; chloroquine; cholesterol; cholinesterase; conjugated 1-P hydroxy-cholic acid; cortisol; creatine; creatine kinase; creatine kinase MM isoenzyme; creatinine; cyclosporin A; d-penicillamine; deethylchloroquine; dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; DNA (acetylator polymorphism, alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha 1 -antitrypsin, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne / Becker muscular dystrophy, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, hemoglobin C, hemoglobin D, hemoglobin E, hemoglobin F, D-Punjab, beta-thalassemia, hepatitis B virus, HCMV, HIV-1, HTLV-1, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, MCAD, RNA, PKU, Plasmodium vivax, 21 -deoxy corti sol); desbutylhalofantrine; dihydropteridine reductase; diptheria / tetanus antitoxin; erythrocyte arginase; erythrocyte protoporphyrin; esterase D; fatty acids / acylglycines; free P-human chorionic gonadotropin; free erythrocyte porphyrin; free thyroxine (FT4); free tri-iodothyronine (FT3); fumarylacetoacetase; galactose / gal-1 -phosphate; galactose- 1 -phosphate uridyltransferase; gentamicin; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutathione; glutathione perioxidase; glycerol; glycocholic acid; glycosylated hemoglobin; halofantrine; hemoglobin variants; hexosaminidase A; human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I; 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone; hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase; immunoreactive trypsin; beta-hydroxybutyrate; ketones; lactate; lead; lipoproteins ((a), B / A-l, P); lysozyme; mefloquine; netilmicin; oxygen; phenobarbitone; phenytoin; phytanic / pristanic acid; potassium, sodium, and / or other blood electrolytes; progesterone; prolactin; prolidase; purine nucleoside phosphorylase; quinine; reverse tri-iodothyronine (rT3); selenium; serum pancreatic lipase; sissomicin; somatomedin C; specific antibodies (adenovirus, anti-nuclear antibody, anti-zeta antibody, arbovirus, Aujeszky's disease virus, dengue virus, Dracunculus medinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Entamoeba histolytica, enterovirus, Giardia duodenalisa, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus, herpes virus, HIV-1, IgE (atopic disease), influenza virus, Leishmania donovani, leptospira, measles / mumps / rubella, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Myoglobin, Onchocerca volvulus, parainfluenza virus, Plasmodium falciparum,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 11Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 poliovirus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respiratory syncytial virus, rickettsia (scrub typhus), Schistosoma mansoni, Toxoplasma gondii, Trepenoma pallidium, Trypanosoma cruzi / rangeli, vesicular stomatis virus, Wuchereria bancrofti, yellow fever virus); specific antigens (hepatitis B virus, HIV-1); succinylacetone; sulfadoxine; theophylline; thyrotropin (TSH); thyroxine (T4); thyroxine-binding globulin; trace elements; transferrin; UDP-galactose-4-epimerase; urea; uric acid; uroporphyrinogen I synthase; vitamin A; white blood cells; and zinc protoporphyrin. Salts, sugar, protein, fat, vitamins, and hormones naturally occurring in blood or interstitial fluids can also constitute analytes in certain examples. The analyte can be naturally present in the biological fluid, or endogenous, for example, a metabolic product, a hormone, an antigen, an antibody, and the like. Alternately, the analyte can be introduced into the body, or exogenous, for example, a contrast agent for imaging, a radioisotope, a chemical agent, a fluorocarbon- based synthetic blood, or a drug or pharmaceutical composition, including but not limited to insulin; ethanol; cannabis (marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol, hashish); inhalants (nitrous oxide, amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, chlorohydrocarbons, hydrocarbons); cocaine (crack cocaine); stimulants (amphetamines, methamphetamines, Ritalin, Cylert, Preludin, Didrex, PreState, Voranil, Sandrex, Plegine); depressants (barbiturates, methaqualone, tranquilizers such as Valium, Librium, Miltown, Serax, Equanil, Tranxene); hallucinogens (phencyclidine, lysergic acid, mescaline, peyote, psilocybin); narcotics (heroin, codeine, morphine, opium, meperidine, Percocet, Percodan, Tussionex, Fentanyl, Darvon, Talwin, Lomotil); designer drugs (analogs of fentanyl, meperidine, amphetamines, methamphetamines, and phencyclidine, for example, Ecstasy); anabolic steroids; and nicotine. The metabolic products of drugs and pharmaceutical compositions are also contemplated analytes. Analytes such as neurochemicals and other chemicals generated within the body can also be analyzed, such as, for example, ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, noradrenaline, 3-methoxytyramine (3MT), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT), 5- hydroxyindoleacetic acid (FHIAA), and histamine.

[0040] The term “ion” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons. Ions in a biological fluid is referred to as “electrolytes.” Non-limiting examples of ions inP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 12Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 biological fluids include sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), hydrogen (H+), lithium (Li+), chloride (Cl’), sulfide (S2’), sulfite (SO32), sulfate (SO42’), phosphate (PO43), and ammonium (NH4+). An ion is an example of an analyte.

[0041] FIG. 2 illustrates a more detailed view of health management system 100 including a display device 150 that is communicatively coupled to SS 8. In certain embodiments, display device 150 may be any one of display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140 of FIG. 1. In some embodiments, the display device 150 includes smartphone, such as a mobile phone, based on an Android, iOS, or another operating system configured to display a graphical representation of the continuous sensor data (e.g., including current and / or historic data). In some embodiments, the display device 150 may be a smartwatch or another type of device, such as an insulin pump or other type of pump.

[0042] The communication path between SS 8 and display device 150 is shown as communication path 180. In certain embodiments, SS 8 and display device 150 are configured to wirelessly communicate over communication path 180 using low range and / or distance wireless communication protocols. Examples of low range and / or distance wireless communication protocols include Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocols. In certain embodiments, other short range wireless communications may include Near Field Communications (NFC), radio frequency identification (RFID) communications, IR (infra-red) communications, optical communications. In certain embodiments, wireless communication protocols other than low range and / or distance wireless communication protocols may be used for communication path 180, such as WiFi Direct. Display device 150 is also configured to connect to network 190 (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), the Internet, etc.). For example, display device 150 may connect to network 190 via a wired (e.g., Ethernet) or wireless (e.g., WLAN, wireless WAN, cellular, Mesh network, personal area network (PAN) etc.) interface. Display device 150 is able to communicate with server system 134 through network 190. The communication path between display device 150 and server system 134 is shown as communication path 181 via network 190.

[0043] Note that, in certain embodiments, SS 8 may be able to independently (e.g., wirelessly) communicate with server system 134 through network 190. An independent communication path between SS 8 and server system 134 is shown as communication path 182. However, in certain other embodiments, SS 8 may not be configured with the necessary hardware / software to establish, for example, an independent wirelessP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 13Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 communication path with server system 134 through network 190. In such embodiments, SS 8 may communicate with server system 134 through display device 150. An indirect or pass-through communication path between SS 8 and server system 134 is shown as communication path 183.

[0044] In embodiments where display device 150 is a proprietary display device, such as display device 110 designed specifically for the communication of analyte data, display device 150 may not be configured with the necessary hardware / software for independently connecting to network 190. Instead, in certain such embodiments, display device 150 is configured to establish a wired or wireless communication path 184 (e.g., through a Universal System Bus (USB) connection) with computer device 103, which is configured to communicate with server system 134 through network 190. For example, computer device 103 may connect to network 190 via a wired (e.g., Ethernet) or wireless (e.g., WLAN, wireless WAN, cellular, etc.) interface. In some embodiments, the display device 150 may be capable of independently communicating with server system 134 through network 190, independent of computer device 103.

[0045] Health management system 100 additionally includes server system 134, which in turn includes server 135 that is coupled to storage 136 (e.g., one or more computer storage systems, cloud-based storage systems and / or services, etc.). In certain embodiments, server system 134 may be located or execute in a public or private cloud. In certain embodiments, server system 134 is located or executes on-premises (“on- prem”). As discussed, server system 134 is configured to receive, collect, and / or monitor information, including analyte data and related information, as well as encryption / authenti cation information from SS 8 and / or display device 150. Such information may include input responsive to the analyte data or input (e.g., the user’s analyte concentration measurements and other physiological / behavioral information) received in connection with an analyte monitoring or sensor application running on SS 8 or display device 150. This information may be stored in storage 136 and may be processed, such as by an analytics engine capable of performing analytics on the information. An example of an analyte sensor application that may be executable on display device 150 is analyte sensor application 121, as further described below.

[0046] In certain embodiments, server system 134 at least partially directs communications between SS 8 and display device 150, for example, for facilitating authentication therebetween. Such communications include messaging (e.g.,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 14Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 advertisement, command, or other messaging), message delivery, and analyte data. For example, in certain embodiments, server system 134 may process and exchange messages between SS 8 and display device 150 related to frequency bands, timing of transmissions, security, alarms, and so on. In certain embodiments, server system 134 may also update information stored on SS 8 and / or display device 150. In certain embodiments, server system 134 may send / receive information to / from SS 8 and or display device 150 in realtime or sporadically. Further, in certain embodiments, server system 134 may implement cloud computing capabilities for SS 8 and / or display device 150.

[0047] FIG. 2 also illustrates the components of SS 8 in further detail. As shown, in certain embodiments, SS 8 includes analyte sensor(s) 10 coupled to sensor electronics module 12. As shown, the sensor electronics module 12 includes one or more hardware components, such one or more processors 11, sensor measurement circuitry 13, one or more memories 14, connectivity interface 15, and real time clock (RTC) 17. In some embodiments, the one or more hardware components of the sensor electronics module 12 may be implemented as an ASIC on a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0048] As shown, sensor electronics module 12 includes the sensor measurement circuitry 13 that is coupled to analyte sensor(s) 10 (such as a potentiostat) for processing and managing sensor data. Sensor measurement circuitry 13 may also be coupled to the one or more processors 11 of the sensor electronics module 12. In some embodiments, the one or more processors 11 may be a general-purpose or application-specific microprocessor, an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc., that executes instructions to perform control, computation, input / output, etc. functions for the sensor electronics module 12. The one or more processors 11 may include a single integrated circuit, such as a micro processing device, or multiple integrated circuit devices and / or circuit boards working in cooperation to accomplish the appropriate functionality.

[0049] In some embodiments, the one or more processors 11 may be configured to sample an analog electrical signal received from the analyte sensor(s) 10 using the analog- to-digital (A / D) signal processing circuitry, such as the sensor measurement circuitry 13, at regular intervals (such as the sampling period) to generate analyte sensor count values based on the analog electrical signals received from the analyte sensor(s) 10, calibrate the analyte sensor count values based on the sensitivity profile of the analyte sensor(s) 10 to generate measured analyte concentration levels, and generate measured analyte data from the measured analyte concentration levels, generate sensor data packages that include,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 15Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 inter alia, the measured analyte concentration level data. The one or more processors 11 may store the measured analyte concentration level data in the one or more memories 14, and generate the sensor data packages at regular intervals (such as the transmission period) for transmission to the display device 150. The one or more processors 11 may also add additional data to the sensor data packages, such as supplemental sensor information that includes a sensor identifier, a sensor status, temperatures that correspond to the measured analyte data, etc. The sensor data packages are then wirelessly transmitted over a wireless connection to the display device 150. In certain embodiments, the wireless connection is a Bluetooth or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) connection. In such embodiments, the sensor data packages are transmitted in the form of Bluetooth or BLE data packets to the display device 150.

[0050] In some embodiments, the one or more processors 11 may perform part or all of the functions of the sensor measurement circuitry 13 for obtaining and processing sensor measurement values from analyte sensor(s) 10. The one or more processors 11 may also be coupled to the one or more memories 14 and the RTC 17 for storing and tracking sensor data. In addition, the one or more processors 11 may be further coupled to the connectivity interface 15, which includes a radio unit or transceiver (TRX) 16 for sending sensor data (e.g., measured analyte concentration levels) and receiving requests and commands from an external device, such as display device 150. As used herein, the term transceiver generally refers to a device or a collection of devices that enable SS 8 to (e.g., wirelessly) transmit and receive data. It is contemplated that, in some embodiments, the sensor measurement circuitry 13 may carry out all the functions of the one or more processors 11 or vice versa.

[0051] Transceiver 16 may be configured with the necessary hardware and wireless communications protocols for enabling wireless communications between SS 8 and other devices, such as display device 150 and / or server system 134. For example, as described above, transceiver 16 may be configured with the necessary hardware and communication protocols to establish a Bluetooth or BLE connection with display device 150. As one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates, in such an example, the necessary hardware may include a Bluetooth or BLE security manager and / or other Bluetooth or BLE related hardware / software modules configured for Bluetooth or BLE communications standards. In some embodiments where SS 8 is configured to establish an independent communication path with server system 134, transceiver 16 may be configured with theP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 16Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 necessary hardware and communication protocols (e.g., long range wireless cellular communication protocol, such as, GSM, CDMA, LTE, VoLTE, 3G, 4G, 5G communication protocols) for establishing a wireless connection to network 190 to connect with server system 134. As discussed elsewhere, other short range protocols, may also be used for communication between display device 150 and a SS 8 such as NFC, RFID, etc.

[0052] FIG. 2 similarly illustrates the components of display device 150 in further detail. As shown, display device 150 includes connectivity interface 128, one or more processors 126, one or more memories 127, a real time clock (RTC) 163, a display 125 for presenting a graphical user interface (GUI), and a storage 123. Abus (not shown here) may be used to interconnect the various elements of display device 150 and transfer data between these elements. Connectivity interface 128 includes a transceiver (TRX) 129 used for receiving sensor data (e.g., measured analyte concentration levels) from SS 8 and for sending requests, instructions, and / or data to SS 8 as well as server system 134. Transceiver 129 is coupled to other elements of display device 150 via connectivity interface 128 and / or the bus. Transceiver 129 may include multiple transceiver modules operable on different wireless standards. For example, transceiver 129 may be configured with one or more communication protocols, such as wireless communication protocol(s) for establishing a wireless communication path with network 190 and / or low range wireless communication protocol(s) (e.g., Bluetooth or BLE) for establishing a wireless communication path 180 with SS 8. Additionally, connectivity interface 128 may in some cases include additional components for controlling radio and / or wired connections, such as baseband and / or Ethernet modems, audio / video codecs, and so on.

[0053] In some embodiments, when a standardized communication protocol is used between display device 150 and SS 8, commercially available transceiver circuits may be utilized that incorporate processing circuitry to handle low level data communication functions such as the management of data encoding, transmission frequencies, handshake protocols, security, and the like. In such embodiments, the one or more processors 126 of display device 150 and / or the one or more processors 11 of SS 8 may not need to manage these activities, but instead provide desired data values for transmission, and manage high level functions such as power up or down, set a rate at which messages are transmitted, and the like. Instructions and data values for performing these high level functions can be provided to the transceiver circuits via a dataP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 17Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 bus and transfer protocol established by the manufacturer of transceivers 129 and 16. However, in embodiments where a standardized communication protocol is not used between transceivers 129 and 16 (e.g., when non-standardized or modified protocols are used), the one or more processors 126 and 11 may be configured to execute instructions associated with proprietary communications protocols (e.g., one or more of the communications protocols described herein) to control and manage their respective transceivers. In addition, when non-standardized or modified protocols are used, customized circuitries may be used to service such protocols.

[0054] The one or more processors 126 may include processor sub-modules, including, by way of example, an applications processor that interfaces with and / or controls other elements of display device 150 (e.g., connectivity interface 128, analyte sensor application 121 (hereinafter “sensor application 121”), display 125, RTC 163, one or more memories 127, storage 123, etc.). In certain embodiments, the one or more processors 126 is configured to perform functions related to device management, such as, for example, managing lists of available or previously paired devices, information related to network conditions (e.g., link quality and the like), information related to the timing, type, and / or structure of messaging exchanged between SS 8 and display device 150, and so on. The one or more processors 126 may further be configured to receive and process user input, such as, for example, a user's biometric information, such as the user’s finger print (e.g., to authorize the user's access to data or to be used for authorization / encryption of data, including analyte data), as well as analyte data.

[0055] The one or more processors 126 may include and / or be coupled to circuitry such as logic circuits, memory, a battery and power circuitry, and other circuitry drivers for periphery components and audio components. The one or more processors 126 and any sub-processors thereof may include logic circuits for receiving, processing, and / or storing data received and / or input to display device 150, and data to be transmitted or delivered by display device 150. As described above, the one or more processors 126 may be coupled by a bus to display 125, connectivity interface 128, storage 123, etc. Hence, the one or more processors 126 may receive and process electrical signals generated by these respective elements and thus perform various functions. By way of example, the one or more processors 126 may access stored content from storage 123 and one or more memories 127 at the direction of analyte sensor application 121, and process the stored content to be displayed by display 125. Additionally, the oneP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 18Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 or more processors 126 may process the stored content for transmission via connectivity interface 128 to SS 8 and / or server system 134. Display device 150 may include other peripheral components not shown in detail in FIG. 2.

[0056] In certain embodiments, the one or more memories 127 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) for storing data and / or instructions for software programs and applications, such as analyte sensor application 121. Display 125 presents a GUI associated with operating system 162 and / or analyte sensor application 121. In various embodiments, a user may interact with analyte sensor application 121 via a corresponding GUI presented on display 125. By way of example, display 125 may be a touchscreen display that accepts touch input. Analyte sensor application 121 may process and / or present analyte-related data received by display device 150 and present such data via display 125. Additionally, analyte sensor application 121 may be used to obtain, access, display, control, and / or interface with analyte data and related messaging and processes associated with SS 8 (e.g., and / or any other medical device (e.g., insulin pump or pen) that are communicatively coupled with display device 150), as is described in further detail herein.

[0057] Storage 123 may be a non-volatile storage for storing software programs, instructions, data, etc. For example, storage 123 may store analyte sensor application 121 that, when executed using the one or more processors 126, for example, receives input (e.g., by a conventional hard / soft key or a touch screen, voice detection, or other input mechanism), and allows a user to interact with the analyte data and related content via display 125. In various embodiments, storage 123 may also store user input data and / or other data collected by display device 150 (e.g., input from other users gathered via analyte sensor application 121). Storage 123 may further be used to store volumes of analyte data received from SS 8 (or any other medical data received from other medical devices (e.g., insulin pump, pen, etc.) for later retrieval and use, e.g., for determining trends and triggering alerts.

[0058] As described above, SS 8, in certain embodiments, gathers analyte data (e.g., measured analyte concentration levels) from analyte sensor 10 and transmits the same or a modified version of the collected data to display device 150. Data points regarding analyte values may be gathered and transmitted over the life of analyte sensor(s) 10 (e.g., in the range of 1 to 30 days or more). New measurements may be transmitted often enough to adequately monitor analyte concentration levels. In certain embodiments, rather thanP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 19Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 having the transmission and receiving circuitry of each of SS 8 and display device 150 continuously communicate, SS 8 and display device 150 may regularly and / or periodically establish a communication channel among each other. Thus, in such embodiments, SS 8 may, for example, communicate with display device 150 at predetermined time intervals. The duration of the predetermined time interval can be selected to be long enough so that SS 8 does not consume too much power by transmitting data more frequently than needed, yet frequent enough to provide substantially real-time sensor information (e.g., measured glucose values or analyte data) to display device 150 for output (e.g., via display 125) to the user. While the predetermined time interval is every five minutes in some embodiments, it is appreciated that this time interval can be varied to be any desired length of time. In other embodiments, transceivers 129 and 16 may be continuously communicating. For example, in certain embodiments, transceivers 129 and 16 may establish a session or connection there between and continue to communicate together until the connection is lost.

[0059] Analyte sensor application 121 may be downloaded, installed, and initially configured / setup on display device 150. For example, display device 150 may obtain analyte sensor application 121 from server system 134, or from another source, such as an application store or the like, via a network, e.g., network 190. Following installation and setup, analyte sensor application 121 may be configured to access, process, and / or interface with analyte data (e.g., whether stored on server system 134, locally from storage 123, from SS 8, or any other medical device). By way of example, analyte sensor application 121 may present a menu that includes various controls or commands that may be executed in connection with the operation of SS 8, display device 150, one or more other display devices (e.g., display device 110, 130, 140, etc.), and / or one or more other partner devices, such as an insulin pump. For example, analyte sensor application 121 may be used to interface with or control other display and / or partner devices, for example, to deliver or make available thereto analyte data, including for example by receiving / sending analyte data directly to the other display and / or partner device and / or by sending an instruction for SS 8 and the other display and / or partner device to be connected.

[0060] In certain embodiments, after downloading analyte sensor application 121, as one of the initial steps, the user may be directed by analyte sensor application 121 to establish a secure wireless connection between the display device 150 to the SS 8 of theP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 20Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 user, which the user may have already placed on their body. A wireless communication path 180 between display device 150 and SS 8 allows SS 8 to transmit analyte measurements to display device 150 and for the two devices to engage in any of the other interactions described above.

[0061] FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of the SS 8 described with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown, the sensor electronics module 12 of the SS 8 may include an outer housing with a first, top portion 392 and a second, bottom portion 394. In embodiments, the outer housing may include a clamshell design.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 3A, the outer housing may feature a generally oblong shape. The outer housing may further include aperture 396 disposed substantially through a center portion of outer housing and adapted for analyte sensor(s) 10 and needle insertion through a bottom of SS 8. In embodiments, aperture 396 may be a channel or elongated slot. SS 8 may further include an adhesive patch 326 configured to secure SS 8 to epidermis of a user (e.g., user 50 described with respect to FIG. 1). In embodiments, adhesive patch 326 may include an adhesive suitable for skin adhesion, for example a pressure sensitive adhesive (e.g., acrylic, rubber-based, or other suitable type) bonded to a carrier substrate (e.g., spun lace polyester, polyurethane film, or other suitable type) for skin attachment, though any suitable type of adhesive is also contemplated. As shown, adhesive patch 326 may feature an aperture 398 aligned with aperture 396 such that analyte sensor(s) 10 may pass through a bottom of SS 8 and through adhesive patch 326.

[0063] FIG. 3B illustrates a bottom perspective view of SS 8 of FIG. 3A. FIG. 3B further illustrates aperture 396 disposed substantially in a center portion of a bottom of SS 8, and aperture 398, both adapted for analyte sensor(s) 10 and needle insertion.

[0064] FIG. 3C illustrates a cross-sectional view of SS 8 of FIGs. 3A and 3B. FIG. 3C illustrates the first, top portion 392 and the second, bottom portion 394 of the outer housing, adhesive patch 326, aperture 396 in the center portion of SS 8, aperture 398 in the center portion of adhesive patch 326, and analyte sensor(s) 10 passing through aperture 396. As sensor electronics module 12, previously described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2, may further include a PCB 304 for communicatively coupling one or more hardware components of the sensor electronics module 12 of the SS 8, such as the analyte sensor(s) 10, the one or more processors 11, the sensor measurement circuitry 13, the one or more memories 14, the connectivity interface 15, and the RTC 17. Additionally, asP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 21Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 shown, the sensor electronics module 12 may include a battery 302, which may be electrically coupled to the PCB 304 and configured to provide power to the one or more hardware components of the SS.Aspects Related to an Antenna System for an Analyte Sensor System

[0065] As noted above, an analyte sensor system, such as the SS 8, may wirelessly transmit analyte data to one or more partner devices, such as a display device or an insulin pump, using an antenna and a particular wireless communication technology (e.g., Bluetooth, BLE, WiFi, etc.). In some embodiments, to conserve space inside the analyte sensor system, the antenna may be printed directly onto a circuit board included within a housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0066] As the demand for more comfortable and wearable analyte sensor systems grows, manufacturers are striving to make analyte sensor systems smaller and less obtrusive. However, miniaturization poses challenges for antenna performance of an analyte sensor system. For example, smaller antennas may not radiate signals as effectively, potentially compromising the reliability of wireless communication between the analyte sensor system and the one or more partner devices. Further, in some embodiments, the antenna may be printed on a same plane as a ground plane of the circuit board, which may affect a radiation pattern of the antenna due to the antenna being in close proximity to various conductive elements of the circuit board.

[0067] In some cases, the radiation pattern of the antenna may be based on a particular type of polarization of the antenna, which may affect how the antenna radiates electromagnetic waves carrying one or more signals that include information related to an estimated analyte concentration of a user of the analyte sensor system. It should be appreciated that the “polarization” of an antenna may refer to an orientation of an electric field vector of the radiated electromagnetic waves carrying the one or more signals. In some cases, the antenna may have linear polarization, causing the electric field vector of the transmitted signals to oscillate within a single plane. Further, in some cases, the linear polarization of the antenna may be either vertical or horizontal, with the electric field vector aligned accordingly.

[0068] In some cases, the linear polarization of the antenna of the analyte sensor system may play a significant role in how signals or transmissions are radiated by the antenna. For example, as noted, linearly polarized antennas may emit signals that oscillateP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 22Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 in a single plane, which may direct the signal in a specific orientation. This characteristic may result in the antenna radiating most effectively in certain directions, which may impact the strength and reliability of a wireless connection between the analyte sensor system and partner device, for example, depending on a relative positioning or orientation of these devices. For example, a user may typically deploy the analyte sensor system onto the back of their arm, while an insulin pump may often be worn on the front of the user’s abdomen. However, since users have the flexibility to position these devices according to personal comfort and preference, the antennas of the two devices may not always be aligned with each other, which may create challenges in maintaining strong communication between them since misalignment of the linear polarizations of these antennas may cause significant signal degradation or loss of connectivity.

[0069] FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C illustrate the communication of signals between an analyte sensor system 402 and partner device 404 (e.g., an insulin pump or display device) of a user 400 for three different orientation scenarios involving the analyte sensor system 402 and the partner device 404. As shown, in each of FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C, the analyte sensor system 402 may be placed on the back of an arm of the user 400 while the partner device 404 may be placed on the abdomen of the user 400.

[0070] In a first orientation scenario shown in FIG. 4A, the partner device 404 may be oriented horizontally (e.g., relative to the torso of the user 400) with an antenna 406 of the partner device 404 facing towards the right, while the analyte sensor system 402 may be oriented such that an antenna 408 of the analyte sensor system is facing down. In this scenario, signals 410 transmitted by the analyte sensor system 402 may still be successfully received by the partner device 404, and signals 412 from the partner device 404 may likewise be successfully received by the analyte sensor system 402, as the proximity and alignment of the antennas 406 and 408 together provide a sufficient received signal strength indicator (RS SI) to maintain reliable communication despite the differing orientations of the antennas 406 and 408.

[0071] In the second orientation scenario shown in FIG. 4B, the partner device 404 may be oriented vertically (e.g., relative to the torso of the user 400) with the antenna 406 of the partner device 404 facing down, while the analyte sensor system 402 may be oriented such that the antenna 408 of the analyte sensor system 402 is also facing down. This scenario may represent a worst-case scenario, as the antenna 406 of the partner device 404 is oriented away from the antenna 408 of the analyte sensor system 402,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 23Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 making it difficult for the signals 412 transmitted by the partner device 404 to effectively reach the analyte sensor system 402. This orientation also makes it difficult for the signals 410 transmitted by the analyte sensor system 402 to be effectively received by the partner device 404. As a result, the RSSI in the scenario shown in FIG. 4B is likely to be very low, leading to poor communication reliability between the analyte sensor system 402 and the partner device 404. In some cases, the signals 410 and 412 from each of these devices may propagate as creeping waves along the body of the user 400 and eventually be received by the other device. However, when received, the signals 410 and 412 are typically too weak, due to absorption or scattering caused by the body of the user 400, to produce a sufficient RSSI for effective communication.

[0072] In the third orientation scenario shown in FIG. 4C, the partner device 404 may be oriented horizontally (e.g., relative to the torso of the user) with the antenna 406 of the partner device 404 facing towards the left, while the analyte sensor system 402 may be oriented such that the antenna 408 of the analyte sensor system 402 is facing down. This scenario is similar to the scenario illustrated in FIG. 4A, but the signals 410 and 412 communicated between the analyte sensor system 402 and the partner device 404 may be associated with a slightly weaker RSSI due to a less optimal alignment of the antennas. Despite this, the proximity of the analyte sensor system 402 to the partner device 404 my still allow for effective communication, albeit with a potentially reduced RSSI.

[0073] As can be seen, the user 400 has the flexibility to orient the partner device 404 and / or the analyte sensor system 402 in various ways, which may inadvertently reduce communication reliability between these two devices. As a result, there is no guarantee that the user 400 will consistently orient the partner device 404 and the analyte sensor system 402 in a manner that ensures a sufficient RSSI to enable reliable communication.

[0074] Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for improving communication reliability between an analyte sensor system and a partner device, such as an insulin pump or display device, particularly in scenarios where a user has the flexibility to orient these devices in various ways, which could otherwise result in suboptimal antenna alignment between these devices. For example, in some embodiments, these techniques may involve equipping the analyte sensor system with an antenna system including a plurality of antennas, each antenna having a different polarization. For example, in some cases, a first antenna may be implemented on a circuitP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 24Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 board of the analyte sensor system and may have a first polarization, such as a linear polarization. Additionally, a second antenna may be implemented on a surface of a housing of the analyte sensor system and may have a second polarization different from the first polarization, such as a circular polarization or elliptical polarization. In some cases, the different polarities may help to ensure that signals communicated between the analyte sensor system and the display device may be properly received regardless of the orientation of the analyte sensor system and / or the partner device.

[0075] Additionally, aspects of the present disclosure include techniques for selecting one or more antennas for communication to help ensure reliable communication between the analyte sensor system and the partner device. For example, in some cases, the analyte sensor system may be configured to monitor an RS SI associated with each antenna of the plurality of antennas and select, for communication with the partner device, the antenna having an RSSI that is greater than or equal to a threshold RSSI. In some embodiments, if each of the antennas has an RSSI that is greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI, the analyte sensor system may select the antenna having the higher RSSI for communication with the partner device. In some embodiments, when each of the antennas has an RSSI below the threshold RSSI, the analyte sensor system may be configured to select both antennas for communication.

[0076] FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of an analyte sensor system 500 that includes an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas for communicating with a partner device 501. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may be part of a health management system, such as the health management system 100 described above. Further in some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may be an example of the SS 8 depicted and described with respect to FIGS. 1, 2, 3A, 3B, and / or 3C.

[0077] As shown, the analyte sensor system 500 includes a housing that may be implemented using a clam-shell design having a bottom portion 502 and a top portion 504. The housing may be configured to encase a sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system 500, including a printed circuit board (PCB) 506, one or more processors 508, a transceiver (TRX) circuit 510, an antenna system including a plurality of antennas (e.g., a first antenna 512 and a second antenna 514), one or more memories 516 (e.g., including one or more memories), a battery 518, and sensor measurement circuitry 520. In some embodiments, the battery 518 may be configured to power the one or more components of the sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system 500. Further,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 25Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 as shown, the analyte sensor system 500 includes a transcutaneous analyte sensor 522 coupled with the sensor measurement circuitry 520.

[0078] In some embodiments, the PCB 506 may include circuitry for operatively connecting the one or more processors 508, the transceiver circuit 510, the plurality of antennas (e.g., the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514) of the antenna system, the one or more memories 516, the analyte sensor 522, and the sensor measurement circuitry 520. In some cases, the one or more processors 508 may be an example of the one or more processors 11 described with respect to FIG. 2, the transceiver circuit 510 may be an example of the transceiver 16 described with respect to FIG. 2, the one or more memories 516 may be an example of the one or more memories 14 described with respect to FIG. 2, the analyte sensor 522 may be an example of the analyte sensor(s) 10 described with respect to FIG. 2, and the sensor measurement circuitry 520 may be an example of the sensor measurement circuitry 13 described with respect to FIG. 2.

[0079] As noted above, the analyte sensor system 500 includes the analyte sensor 522 coupled with sensor measurement circuitry 520, which are configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system 500 and to provide the one or more analyte concentration level measurements to the one or more processors 508. In some embodiments, the one or more processors 508 may be configured to process the one or more analyte concentration level measurements to generate analyte data associated with or indicating the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user. The one or more processors may then provide the analyte data to the transceiver circuit 510 for transmission. For example, in some embodiments, after receiving the analyte data from the one or more processors 508, the transceiver circuit 510 may output the analyte data to an antenna feed of the transceiver circuit 510 for wireless transmission, as shown at 515, to a partner device 501, such as an insulin pump or display device, via at least one of the first antenna 512, the second antenna 514, or both. In some embodiments, the transceiver circuit 510 may also be configured to receive one or more signals transmitted by the partner device 501, as shown at 517.

[0080] In some embodiments, the transmission of analyte data and the reception of one or more signals may be performed periodically according to a sleep schedule of the analyte sensor system 500. For example, to conserve energy stored in the battery 518, the analyte sensor system 500 may periodically enter a sleep mode for a set period, then wake to exit the sleep mode, perform the analyte concentration level measurements, transmitP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 26Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 the associated analyte data to the partner device 501, and then re-enter sleep mode for another set period. In some embodiments, each time the analyte sensor system 500 exits sleep mode, it may be configured to re-establish a wireless connection with the partner device 501, which may be used for transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals from the partner device 501 via at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first antenna 512 may be implemented on the PCB 506 of the sensor electronics module while the second antenna 514 may be implemented on a surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system 500 that is configured to encase the sensor electronics module. For example, as shown, the second antenna 514 may be implemented on an exterior surface of the top portion 504 of the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, however, the second antenna 514 may be implemented on an interior surface of the top portion 504, may be embedded into the top portion 504, implemented on an exterior surface of the bottom portion 502 of the housing, implemented on an interior surface of the bottom portion 502, or embedded into the bottom portion 502.

[0082] In some embodiments, the second antenna 514 may implemented using different types of antennas, as shown at 514a and 514b. For example, in some embodiments, the second antenna 514 comprise a laser printed antenna 514a that is applied or printed on the exterior surface of top portion 504 of the housing of the analyte sensor system 500. In some embodiments, a laser-printed or etched ring may be printed along an outer edge of the exterior surface of the top portion 504. In such embodiments, the second antenna 514 may comprise a slot antenna 514b disposed within the laser- printed ring. In some embodiments, the second antenna 514 may be implemented using both the laser printed antenna 514a and the slot antenna 514b.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first antenna 512 may have a first polarization and the second antenna 514 may have a second polarization different from the first polarization. As one example, in some embodiments, the first antenna 512 may have a linear polarization while the second antenna 514 may have one of a circular polarization or an elliptical polarization or vice versa. In some embodiments, when the second antenna 514 is implemented using the laser printed antenna 514a and the slot antenna 514b, the laser printed antenna 514a may have a circular polarization while the slot antenna 514b may have an elliptical polarization or vice versa.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 27Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01

[0084] In some cases, the different polarizations may help to improve communication reliability and improve a signal strength between the analyte sensor system 500 and the partner device 501, particularly in scenarios where the user has the flexibility to orient the analyte sensor system 500 and the partner device 501 in various ways (e.g., as illustrated in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C), which may result in suboptimal antenna alignment between these devices. For example, the use of different polarizations may help to ensure that, regardless of how the analyte sensor system 500 or partner device 501 is oriented, signals communicated between the analyte sensor system 500 and the partner device 501 may still be reliably received, even if the respective antennas of these devices are not perfectly aligned.

[0085] In some embodiments, the second antenna 514 may lack a physical electrical connection to the transceiver circuit 510. Instead, in some embodiments, the PCB 506 of the analyte sensor system 500 may include a coupling contact 524 to wirelessly couple the second antenna 514 to the transceiver circuit 510. In some embodiments, the coupling contact 524 may comprise a conductive surface or coil that is printed or soldered onto the PCB 506 and may be configured to transfer signals or energy wirelessly to the second antenna 514 via electric or magnetic fields, without requiring direct physical electrical contact. For example, when transmitting the analyte data, the transceiver circuit 510 may output electrical signals to the coupling contact 524. These electrical signals may then wirelessly induce one or more signals in the second antenna 514 via either inductive coupling or capacitive coupling, which may then be transmitted (e.g., radiated) by the second antenna 514 to the partner device 501.

[0086] As discussed above with respect to FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C, the user may have flexibility in orienting the analyte sensor system 500 and the partner device 501 in various ways. However, these differing orientations may result in a misalignment of the antennas in each device, potentially reducing an RS SI associated with the antennas of the analyte sensor system 500 and partner device 501. As a result, due to the differences in polarization between the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514, an RS SI associated with the first antenna 512 and an RS SI associated with the second antenna 514 may vary depending on the orientation of the analyte sensor system 500 and / or partner device 501, leading to differences in communication reliability between the first antenna 512 and second antenna 514. For example, in certain orientations of the analyte sensor system 500 and / or partner device 501, the first antenna 512 may be associated with a higher RSSI,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 28Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 whereas in other orientations of the analyte sensor system 500 and / or partner device 501, the second antenna 514 may be associated with a higher RSSI.

[0087] Accordingly, to account for the differences in RSSI of the antennas and ensure the best communication reliability between the analyte sensor system 500 and partner device 501 for varying orientations of these devices, in some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 (e.g., using the one or more processors 508 of the sensor electronics module) may be configured to dynamically select at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514 for communicating (e.g., transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals) with the partner device 501. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system may be configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic re-establishment of the wireless connection with the partner device 501.

[0088] In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system may select at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514 based on a respective RSSI associated with each of the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514. For example, in some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may be configured to transmit one or more signals to the partner device 501. In some embodiments, the one or more signals may include advertisement messages or packet data, and may include various information such as a preamble, a recipient or transmitter address, protocol data, and or a cyclic redundancy check. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may receive one or more signals from the partner device 501 in response to the one or more signals transmitted to the partner device 501. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may use both of the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514 to receive the one or more signals from the partner device 501.

[0089] Thereafter, the analyte sensor system 500 (e.g., using the one or more processors 508 of the sensor electronics module) may be configured to determine a first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 512 based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna 512. The analyte sensor system 500 may also determine a second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 514 based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna 514. The analyte sensor system 500 may then select the antenna having the higher or stronger RSSI. For example, the analyte sensor system 500 may select the first antenna 512 when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 512 is higher than the second respective RSSI associatedP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 29Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 with the second antenna 514. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may select the second antenna 514 when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 514 is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 512.

[0090] In some embodiments, the PCB 506 of the sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system 500 may include a switch and combiner module 526 that may be used to select at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514. For example, in some embodiments, when the analyte sensor system 500 has selected at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514, the transceiver circuit 510 of the analyte sensor system may be configured to output a control signal to the switch and combiner module 526, causing the switch and combiner module 526 to set a switch that connects the antenna feed of the transceiver circuit 510 to the selected at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514.

[0091] In some embodiments, when determining the respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514, the analyte sensor system 500 may first cause the transceiver circuit 510 to output a first control signal that sets a switch in the switch and combiner module 526 such that the antenna feed of the transceiver circuit 510 is connected with the first antenna 512. The analyte sensor system 500 may then receive the one or more signals from the partner device 501 using the first antenna 512 and determine the first respective RSSI based on the one or more signals. Thereafter, the analyte sensor system 500 may then cause the transceiver circuit 510 to output a second control signal that sets the switch in the switch and combiner module 526 such that the antenna feed of the transceiver circuit 510 is connected with the second antenna 514. The analyte sensor system 500 may then receive the one or more signals from the partner device 501 using the second antenna 514 and determine the second respective RSSI based on the one or more signals. The analyte sensor system 500 may then select at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514 as described above based on the first respective RSSI and the second respective RSSI.

[0092] In some embodiments, selecting at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514 may be further based on a threshold RSSI and may depend on whether at least one of the first respective RSSI or the second respective RSSI is greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI. In some embodiments, the threshold RSSI may comprise an RSSI that is sufficient to maintain a reliable wireless connection between the analyteP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 30Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 sensor system 500 and partner device 501. For example, to maintain a reliable wireless connection, a block error ratio (BLER) associated with the one or more signals received by the analyte sensor system 500 must be sufficiently low. BLER measures the number of transmission errors within these received signals. When the BLER is too high (e.g., exceeding the BLER threshold), the signals received by the analyte sensor system 500 may not be decodable, compromising the reliability of the wireless connection. Thus, the threshold RSSI may comprise an RSSI such that the BLER is sufficiently low (e.g., less than or equal to a BLER threshold) to maintain the reliability of the wireless connection. It should be appreciated that, while RSSI and BLER are primarily described in relation to the techniques for selecting at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514, another signal quality measurement may be used, such as reference signal received power (RSRP), signal -to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), bit error rate (BER), packet error rate (PER), etc.

[0093] In some embodiments, when neither first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 512 nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 514 is greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI (e.g., the BLER is too high), the analyte sensor system 500 may be configured select both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514 for communicating with the partner device 501. For example, to select both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514, the analyte sensor system 500 may cause the transceiver circuit 510 to output a control signal that sets the switch in the switch and combiner module 526 such that the antenna feed of the transceiver circuit 510 is connected with both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514.

[0094] In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may be configured (e.g., via the one or more processors 508) to periodically establish a wireless connection with the partner device 501. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system 500 may be configured (e.g., via the one or more processors 508) to select at least one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514 during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the partner device 501.

[0095] Further, in some embodiments, to improve reliability of the wireless connection and reduce BLER, the analyte sensor system 500 may be configured to combine signals received via the first antenna 512 with signals received via the second antenna 514 using a combiner circuit in the switch and combiner module 526. For example, after receiving the one or more signals from the partner device 501 and selectingP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 31Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514 for communication with the partner device 501, the analyte sensor system 500 may be configured to receive one or more additional signals from the partner device 501 via both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514.

[0096] The combiner circuit in the switch and combiner module 526 may then be configured to combine the one or more additional signals received via the first antenna 512 with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna 514. In some cases, combining the one or more additional signals received via the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514 may reduce the BLER by leveraging a complementary nature of the signals received by each antenna. For example, packets or data missed by one antenna may be successfully received by the other, allowing the combined signals to fill in gaps and improve overall data integrity and communication reliability. Further, in some cases, the packets or data may be received by both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514 but at relatively low RSSI levels, and by combining the packets or data from each of these antennas may improve an effective RSSI, thereby supporting more reliable communication. Additionally, in some cases, when using both the first antenna 512 and the second antenna 514 to transmit the analyte data, a communication range associated with the analyte sensor system 500 may be improved / increased relative to a scenario in which the analyte sensor system 500 only uses one of the first antenna 512 or the second antenna 514.

[0097] The techniques described above related to the analyte sensor system 500 may be equally applicable to the partner device 501 (e.g., insulin pump) or a receiver device. For example, FIG. 6 illustrates a first health management device 600 of a health management system, such as the health management system 100 described above. In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may include an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas for communicating with a second health management device, such as the partner device 501 or analyte sensor system 500. For example, in some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may comprise an analyte measurement receiver device configured to communicate with the partner device 501 shown in FIG. 5. In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may comprise the partner device 501 shown in FIG. 5 configured to communicate with the analyte sensor system 500 shown in FIG. 5.

[0098] As shown, the first health management device 600 may include a housingP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 32Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 having a bottom portion 602 and a top portion 604, which, together, are configured to encase an electronics module 605. Further, as shown, the electronics module 605 may include a PCB 606 having one or more processors 608, a transceiver circuit 610, one or more memories 616, a coupling contact 624, and a switch and combiner module 626.

[0099] Additionally, as shown, the first health management device 600 may be equipped with a first antenna 612 that may be implemented the PCB 606 of the first health management device 600. Additionally, as shown, the first health management device 600 may also be equipped with a second antenna 614, which may be implemented on an exterior surface the housing of the first health management device 600, such as on the exterior surface of the bottom portion 602 of the housing. In some embodiments, the second antenna 614 may be implemented on an exterior surface of the top portion 604, an interior surface of the bottom portion 602, and / or an interior surface of the top portion 604. In some embodiments, the second antenna 614 may comprise a laser printed antenna as shown at 614a. In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may include a ring extending along an edge of the exterior surface of the bottom portion 602 of the housing. In some embodiments, the second antenna 614 may comprise a slot antenna, as shown at 614b, which may be disposed within the ring that extends along the edge of the exterior surface of the housing. In some embodiments, the second antenna 614 may be implemented using both the laser printed antenna and the slot antenna.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first antenna 612 may have a first polarization and the second antenna 614 may have a second polarization different from the first polarization. As one example, in some embodiments, the first antenna 612 may have a linear polarization while the second antenna 614 may have one of a circular polarization or an elliptical polarization or vice versa. In some embodiments, when the second antenna 614 is implemented using the laser printed antenna and the slot antenna, the laser printed antenna may have a circular polarization while the slot antenna may have an elliptical polarization or vice versa.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second antenna 614 may lack a physical electrical connection with the PCB 606. Instead, the coupling contact 624 may be used to electrically couple the second antenna 614 with the one or more processors 608 and transceiver circuit 610 using capacitive coupling or inductive coupling, for example, in a similar to the analyte sensor system 500 described above with respect to FIG. 5.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 33Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01

[0102] In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may be configured to use similar techniques as described above with respect to the analyte sensor system 500 to select at least one of the first antenna 612 or the second antenna 614 for communicating with the second health management device (e.g., the partner device 501 or the analyte sensor system 500). For example, in some embodiments, the one or more processors 608 may output one or more signals to the transceiver circuit 610 for transmission to the second health management device. In some embodiments, in response to the one or more signals transmitted to the second health management device, the first health management device 600 may then receive one or more signals from the second health management device via both the first antenna 612 and the second antenna 614. Based on the one or more signals received from the second health management device, the first health management device 600 may then determine (e.g., using the one or more processors 608) a first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna 612 and a second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 614.

[0103] The first health management device 600 may then select at least one of the first antenna 612 or the second antenna 614 for further communication with the second health management device. For example, in some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may select the first antenna 612 when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 612 is higher than the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 614. In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may select the second antenna 614 when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 614 is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 612.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may be further configured to select at least one of the first antenna 612 or the second antenna 614 based on a threshold RSSI. In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may select both the first antenna 612 and the second antenna 614 when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna 612 nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna 614 are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

[0105] Additionally, in some embodiments, when both the first antenna 612 and the second antenna 614 are selected, the first health management device 600 may be configured to combine signals received using both the first antenna 612 and the second antenna 614 using a combiner circuit in the switch and combiner module 626 to improveP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 34Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01BLER and reliability of wireless communication with the second health management device, similar to the techniques described above with respect to the analyte sensor system 500 of FIG. 5. For example, in some embodiments, wherein, when the first antenna 612 and the second antenna 614 are both selected, the first health management device 600 may be configured to receive one or more additional signals from the second health management device using the first antenna and the second antenna. Additionally, the first health management device 600 may be configured to combine the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna 612 with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna 614, for example, using the combiner circuit in the switch and combiner module 626.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may be configured (e.g., via the one or more processors 608) to periodically establish a wireless connection with the second health management device. In some embodiments, the first health management device 600 may be configured (e.g., via the one or more processors 608) to select at least one of the first antenna 612 or the second antenna 614 during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the second health management device.Example Operations of an Analyte Sensor System

[0107] FIG. 7 shows an example of a method 700 for wireless communication. The method 700 may be performed by an analyte sensor system, such as the SS 8 described with respect to FIGS. 1, 2, 3A, 3B, and 3C and / or the analyte sensor system described with respect to FIG. 5. In some embodiments, method 700 may be performed by one or more processors of the analyte sensor system, such as the one or more processors 11 described with respect to FIG. 2 and / or the one or more processors 904 described with respect to FIG. 9, based on instructions stored in one or more memories. For example, in some embodiments, the analyte sensor system may include one or more memories, such as the one or more memories 14 described with respect to FIG. 2 and / or the computer- readable medium / memory 920 described with respect to FIG. 9, including instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the wearable device to perform the method 700.

[0108] Method 700 begins at step 705 with obtaining, from a transcutaneous analyte sensor of the analyte sensor system, one or more analyte concentration levelP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 35Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 measurements associated with a user. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for obtaining and / or code for obtaining as described with reference to FIG. 9.

[0109] Method 700 then proceeds to step 710 with processing the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for processing and / or code for processing as described with reference to FIG. 9.

[0110] Method 700 then proceeds to step 715 with transmitting the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of a plurality of antennas. In some aspects, each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for transmitting and / or code for transmitting as described with reference to FIG. 9.[OHl] Method 700 then proceeds to step 720 with receiving one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for receiving and / or code for receiving as described with reference to FIG. 9.

[0112] In some aspects, the plurality of antennas includes: a first antenna having a first polarization; and a second antenna having a second polarization different from the first polarization.

[0113] In some aspects, the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

[0114] In some aspects, the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of a sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the analyte sensor system that is configured to encase the sensor electronics module.

[0115] In some aspects, the second antenna comprises one of: a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system; or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0116] In some aspects, transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or moreP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 36Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 signals comprises transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals using a transceiver of the sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system.

[0117] In some aspects, the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module.

[0118] In some aspects, the circuit board of the sensor electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver.

[0119] In some aspects, transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals using the transceiver comprises wirelessly coupling the second antenna with the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

[0120] In some aspects, the method 700 further includes selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for selecting and / or code for selecting as described with reference to FIG. 9.

[0121] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RSSI) associated with each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0122] In some aspects, receiving the one or more signals comprises receiving the one or more signals using both the first antenna and the second antenna; and the method further comprises determining a first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna and determining a second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna.

[0123] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting the first antenna when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna and selecting the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.

[0124] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is further based on a threshold RSSI.

[0125] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the secondP+S Ref. No. : DEXC / 0956PC 37Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 antenna comprises selecting both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RS SI.

[0126] In some aspects, the method 700 further includes receiving, when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected, one or more additional signals from the partner device using the first antenna and the second antenna. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for receiving and / or code for receiving as described with reference to FIG. 9.

[0127] In some aspects, the method 700 further includes combining the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for combining and / or code for combining as described with reference to FIG. 9.

[0128] In some aspects, the method 700 further includes periodically establishing a wireless connection with the partner device. In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the partner device. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for establishing and / or code for establishing as described with reference to FIG. 9

[0129] In some aspects, the partner device comprises an insulin pump.

[0130] In one aspect, method 700, or any aspect related to it, may be performed by an apparatus, such as health management device 900 of FIG. 9, which includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform the method 700. Health management device 900 is described below in further detail.

[0131] Note that FIG. 7 is just one example of a method, and other methods including fewer, additional, or alternative steps are possible consistent with this disclosure.Example Operations of a First Health Management Device

[0132] FIG. 8 shows an example of a method 800 for wireless communication. The method 800 may be performed by a first health management device, such as the firstP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 38Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 health management device 600. In some embodiments, method 800 may be performed by one or more processors of the first health management device, such as the one or more processors 1004 described with respect to FIG. 4, based on instructions stored in one or more memories. For example, in some embodiments, the first health management device may include one or more memories, such as the computer-readable medium / memory 1020 described with respect to FIG. 10, including instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the wearable device to perform the method 800.

[0133] Method 800 begins at step 805 with receiving, from a second health management device using one or more antennas of a plurality of antennas, analyte data associated with one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user. In some aspects, each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for receiving and / or code for receiving as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0134] Method 800 then proceeds to step 810 with transmitting the one or more signals to the second health management device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for transmitting and / or code for transmitting as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0135] In some aspects, the first health management device comprises an insulin pump and the second health management device comprises an analyte sensor system.

[0136] In some aspects, the first health management device comprises an analyte measurement receiver device and the second health management device comprises an insulin pump.

[0137] In some aspects, the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna having a first polarization and a second antenna having a second polarization different from the first polarization.

[0138] In some aspects, the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

[0139] In some aspects, the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of an electronics module of the first health management device and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the first health management device that is configured to encase the electronics module.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 39Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01

[0140] In some aspects, the second antenna comprises one of a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the first health management device or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the first health management device.

[0141] In some aspects, receiving the analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals comprises receiving the analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals using a transceiver of the electronics module of the first health management device.

[0142] In some aspects, the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module.

[0143] In some aspects, the circuit board of the electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver.

[0144] In some aspects, receiving the analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals using the transceiver comprises wirelessly coupling the second antenna with the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

[0145] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for selecting and / or code for selecting as described with reference to FIG.10

[0146] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RSSI) associated with each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0147] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes using both the first antenna and the second antenna to receive one or more signals from the second health management device in response to the one or more signals transmitted to the second health management device. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for using and / or code for using as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0148] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes determining a first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for determining and / or code for determining as described withP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 40Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 reference to FIG. 10.

[0149] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes determining a second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for determining and / or code for determining as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0150] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting the first antenna when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna and selecting the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.

[0151] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is further based on a threshold RSSI.

[0152] In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

[0153] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes receiving, when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected, one or more additional signals from the second health management device using the first antenna and the second antenna. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for receiving and / or code for receiving as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0154] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes combining the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for combining and / or code for combining as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0155] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes periodically establishing a wireless connection with the second health management device. In some aspects, selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of theP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 41Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 wireless connection with the second health management device. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, circuitry for establishing and / or code for establishing as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0156] In one aspect, method 800, or any aspect related to it, may be performed by an apparatus, such as health management device 1000 of FIG. 10, which includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform the method 800. Health management device 1000 is described below in further detail.

[0157] Note that FIG. 8 is just one example of a method, and other methods including fewer, additional, or alternative steps are possible consistent with this disclosure.Example Communications Device

[0158] FIG. 9 depicts aspects of an example health management device 900. In some aspects, health management device 900 is an analyte sensor system, such as the SS 8 described with respect to FIGS. 1, 2, 3A, 3B, and 3C and / or the analyte sensor system 500 described with respect to FIG. 5.

[0159] The health management device 900 includes a processing system 902 coupled to the transceiver 938 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver). The transceiver 938 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the health management device 900 via the antenna 940, such as the various signals as described herein. The processing system 902 may be configured to perform processing functions for the health management device 900, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the health management device 900.

[0160] The processing system 902 includes one or more processors 904. In various aspects, one or more processors 904 may be representative of the one or more processors 11, as described with respect to FIG. 2. The one or more processors 904 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 920 via a bus 936. In some aspects, the computer- readable medium / memory 920 may be representative of the one or more memories 14, as described with respect to FIG. 2. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 920 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by the one or more processors 904, cause the one or more processors 904 to perform the method 700 described with respect to FIG. 7, or any aspect related to it. Note that reference to a processor of health management device 900 performing aP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 42Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 function may include one or more processors 904 of health management device 900 performing that function.

[0161] In the depicted example, the computer-readable medium / memory 920 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code for obtaining 922, code for processing 924, code for transmitting 926, code for receiving 928, code for selecting 930, code for combining 932, and code for establishing 934. Processing of the code for obtaining 922, code for processing 924, code for transmitting 926, code for receiving 928, code for selecting 930, code for combining 932, and code for establishing 934 may cause the health management device 900 to perform the method 700 described with respect to FIG. 7, or any aspect related to it.

[0162] The one or more processors 904 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) the code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 920, including circuitry such as circuitry for obtaining 906, circuitry for processing 908, circuitry for transmitting 910, circuitry for receiving 912, circuitry for selecting 914, circuitry for combining 916, and circuitry for establishing 918. Processing with circuitry for obtaining 906, circuitry for processing 908, circuitry for transmitting 910, circuitry for receiving 912, circuitry for selecting 914, circuitry for combining 916, and circuitry for establishing 918 may cause the health management device 900 to perform the method 700 described with respect to FIG. 7, or any aspect related to it.

[0163] FIG. 10 depicts aspects of an example health management device 1000. In some aspects, health management device 1000 is an example of the first health management device 600 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 6.

[0164] The health management device 1000 includes a processing system 1002 coupled to the transceiver 1038 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver). The transceiver 1038 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the health management device 1000 via the antenna 1040, such as the various signals as described herein. The processing system 1002 may be configured to perform processing functions for the health management device 1000, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the health management device 1000.

[0165] The processing system 1002 includes one or more processors 1004. The one or more processors 1004 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1020 via a bus 1036. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1020 is configuredP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 43Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by the one or more processors 1004, cause the one or more processors 1004 to perform the method 800 described with respect to FIG. 8, or any aspect related to it. Note that reference to a processor of health management device 1000 performing a function may include one or more processors 1004 of health management device 1000 performing that function.

[0166] In the depicted example, the computer-readable medium / memory 1020 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code for receiving 1022, code for transmitting 1024, code for selecting 1026, code for using 1028, code for determining 1030, code for combining 1032, and code for establishing 1034. Processing of the code for receiving 1022, code for transmitting 1024, code for selecting 1026, code for using 1028, code for determining 1030, code for combining 1032, and code for establishing 1034 may cause the health management device 1000 to perform the method 800 described with respect to FIG. 8, or any aspect related to it.

[0167] The one or more processors 1004 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) the code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1020, including circuitry such as circuitry for receiving 1006, circuitry for transmitting 1008, circuitry for selecting 1010, circuitry for using 1012, circuitry for determining 1014, circuitry for combining 1016, and circuitry for establishing 1018. Processing with circuitry for receiving 1006, circuitry for transmitting 1008, circuitry for selecting 1010, circuitry for using 1012, circuitry for determining 1014, circuitry for combining 1016, and circuitry for establishing 1018 may cause the health management device 1000 to perform the method 800 described with respect to FIG. 8, or any aspect related to it.Example Clauses

[0168] Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0169] Clause 1 : A method for wireless communication by an analyte sensor system, comprising: obtaining, from a transcutaneous analyte sensor of the analyte sensor system, one or more analyte concentration level measurements associated with a user; processing the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; transmitting the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of a plurality of antennas, wherein each antenna of the plurality of antennasP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 44Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 has a different polarization; and receiving one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

[0170] Clause 2: The method of Clause 1, wherein the plurality of antennas includes: a first antenna having a first polarization; and a second antenna having a second polarization different from the first polarization.

[0171] Clause 3: The method of Clause 2, wherein the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

[0172] Clause 4: The method of any one of Clauses 2-2, wherein: the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of a sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system; and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the analyte sensor system that is configured to encase the sensor electronics module.

[0173] Clause 5: The method of Clause 4, wherein the second antenna comprises one of: a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system; or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0174] Clause 6: The method of any one of Clauses 4-5, wherein transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals comprises transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals using a transceiver of the sensor electronics module of the analyte sensor system.

[0175] Clause 7: The method of Clause 6, wherein the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module.

[0176] Clause 8: The method of Clause 7, wherein the circuit board of the sensor electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver.

[0177] Clause 9: The method of Clause 8, wherein transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals using the transceiver comprises wirelessly coupling the second antenna with the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

[0178] Clause 10: The method of any one of Clauses 2-9, further comprising selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for transmitting the analyteP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 45Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 data and receiving the one or more signals.

[0179] Clause 11 : The method of Clause 10, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RS SI) associated with each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0180] Clause 12: The method of Clause 11, wherein: receiving the one or more signals comprises receiving the one or more signals using both the first antenna and the second antenna; and the method further comprises: determining a first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna; and determining a second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna.

[0181] Clause 13: The method of Clause 12, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises: selecting the first antenna when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna; and selecting the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.

[0182] Clause 14: The method of any one of Clauses 12-13, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is further based on a threshold RSSI.

[0183] Clause 15: The method of Clause 14, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

[0184] Clause 16: The method of Clause 15, further comprising, when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected: receiving one or more additional signals from the partner device using the first antenna and the second antenna; and combining the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna.

[0185] Clause 17: The method of any one of Clauses 10-16, further comprising periodically establishing a wireless connection with the partner device, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of the wirelessP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 46Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 connection with the partner device.

[0186] Clause 18: The method of any one of Clauses 1-17, wherein the partner device comprises an insulin pump.

[0187] Clause 19: A method for wireless communication by a first health management device, comprising: receiving, from a second health management device using one or more antennas of a plurality of antennas, analyte data associated with one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user, wherein each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and transmitting the one or more signals to the second health management device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

[0188] Clause 20: The method of Clause 19, wherein the first health management device comprises an insulin pump and the second health management device comprises an analyte sensor system.

[0189] Clause 21 : The method of any one of Clauses 19-20, wherein the first health management device comprises an analyte measurement receiver device and the second health management device comprises an insulin pump.

[0190] Clause 22: The method of any one of Clauses 19-21, wherein the plurality of antennas includes: a first antenna having a first polarization; and a second antenna having a second polarization different from the first polarization.

[0191] Clause 23 : The method of Clause 22, wherein the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

[0192] Clause 24: The method of any one of Clauses 22-23, wherein: the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of an electronics module of the first health management device; and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the first health management device that is configured to encase the electronics module.

[0193] Clause 25: The method of Clause 24, wherein the second antenna comprises one of: a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the first health management device; or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the first health management device.

[0194] Clause 26: The method of any one of Clauses 24-25, wherein receiving theP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 47Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals comprises receiving the analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals using a transceiver of the electronics module of the first health management device.

[0195] Clause 27: The method of Clause 26, wherein the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module.

[0196] Clause 28: The method of Clause 27, wherein the circuit board of the electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver.

[0197] Clause 29: The method of Clause 28, wherein receiving the analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals using the transceiver comprises wirelessly coupling the second antenna with the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

[0198] Clause 30: The method of any one of Clauses 22-29, further comprising selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals.

[0199] Clause 31 : The method of Clause 30, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RS SI) associated with each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0200] Clause 32: The method of Clause 31, further comprising: using both the first antenna and the second antenna to receive one or more signals from the second health management device in response to the one or more signals transmitted to the second health management device; determining a first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna; and determining a second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna.

[0201] Clause 33: The method of Clause 32, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises: selecting the first antenna when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna; and selecting the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 48Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01

[0202] Clause 34: The method of any one of Clauses 32-33, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is further based on a threshold RSSI.

[0203] Clause 35: The method of Clause 34, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

[0204] Clause 36: The method of Clause 35, further comprising, when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected: receiving one or more additional signals from the second health management device using the first antenna and the second antenna; and combining the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna.

[0205] Clause 37: The method of any one of Clauses 30-36, further comprising periodically establishing a wireless connection with the second health management device, wherein selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna comprises selecting at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the second health management device.

[0206] Clause 38: An analyte sensor system, comprising: a transcutaneous analyte sensor configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system; an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas, wherein: each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and the plurality of antennas is configured to: transmit, to a partner device, analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; and receive one or more signals from the partner device; and a sensor electronics module configured to: obtain the one or more analyte concentration level measurements from the transcutaneous analyte sensor; process the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate the analyte data; transmit the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas; and receive the one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

[0207] Clause 39: The analyte sensor system of Clause 38, wherein the plurality of antennas includes: a first antenna having a first polarization; and a second antenna havingP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 49Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 a second polarization different from the first polarization.

[0208] Clause 40: The analyte sensor system of Clause 39, wherein the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

[0209] Clause 41 : The analyte sensor system of any one of Clauses 39-40, wherein: the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of the sensor electronics module; and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the analyte sensor system that is configured to encase the sensor electronics module.

[0210] Clause 42: The analyte sensor system of Clause 41, wherein the second antenna comprises one of: a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system; or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0211] Clause 43: The analyte sensor system of any one of Clauses 41-42, wherein the sensor electronics module includes a transceiver configured to transmit the analyte data and receive the one or more signals.

[0212] Clause 44: The analyte sensor system of Clause 43, wherein the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module.

[0213] Clause 45: The analyte sensor system of Clause 44, wherein the circuit board of the sensor electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver.

[0214] Clause 46: The analyte sensor system of Clause 45, wherein the coupling contact is configured to wirelessly couple the second antenna to the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

[0215] Clause 47: The analyte sensor system of any one of Clauses 39-45, wherein the sensor electronics module is further configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals.

[0216] Clause 48: The analyte sensor system of Clause 47, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RS SI) associated withP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 50Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0217] Clause 49: The analyte sensor system of Clause 48, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to: use both the first antenna and the second antenna to receive the one or more signals from the partner device; determine a first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna; and determine a second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna.

[0218] Clause 50: The analyte sensor system of Clause 49, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to: select the first antenna when the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna; and select the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.

[0219] Clause 51 : The analyte sensor system of any one of Clauses 49-50, wherein the sensor electronics module is further configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna based on a threshold RSSI.

[0220] Clause 52: The analyte sensor system of Clause 51, wherein the sensor electronic module is configured to select both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

[0221] Clause 53: The analyte sensor system of Clause 52, wherein, when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected, the sensor electronics module is configured to: receive one or more additional signals from the partner device using the first antenna and the second antenna; and combine the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna.

[0222] Clause 54: The analyte sensor system of any one of Clauses 47-53, wherein: the sensor electronics module is further configured to periodically establish a wireless connection with the partner device; and the sensor electronics module is configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the partner device.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 51Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01

[0223] Clause 55: The analyte sensor system of any one of Clauses 38-54, wherein the partner device comprises an insulin pump.

[0224] Clause 56: A first health management device, comprising: an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas for communicating with a second health management device associated with a user, wherein: each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and the plurality of antennas is configured to: receive, from the second health management device, analyte data associated with one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; and transmit one or more signals to the second health management device; and an electronics module configured to: receive the analyte data from the second health management device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas; and transmit the one or more signals to the second health management device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

[0225] Clause 57: The first health management device of Clause 56, wherein the first health management device comprises an insulin pump and the second health management device comprises an analyte sensor system.

[0226] Clause 58: The first health management device of any one of Clauses 56-57, wherein the first health management device comprises an analyte measurement receiver device and the second health management device comprises an insulin pump.

[0227] Clause 59: The first health management device of any one of Clauses 56-58, wherein the plurality of antennas includes: a first antenna having a first polarization; and a second antenna having a second polarization different from the first polarization.

[0228] Clause 60: The first health management device of Clause 59, wherein the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

[0229] Clause 61 : The first health management device of any one of Clauses 59-60, wherein: the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of the electronics module; and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the first health management device that is configured to encase the electronics module.

[0230] Clause 62: The first health management device of Clause 61, wherein the second antenna comprises one of: a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the first health management device; or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the first healthP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 52Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 management device.

[0231] Clause 63: The first health management device of any one of Clauses 61-62, wherein the electronics module includes a transceiver configured to receive the analyte data and transmit the one or more signals.

[0232] Clause 64: The first health management device of Clause 63, wherein the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module.

[0233] Clause 65: The first health management device of Clause 64, wherein the circuit board of the electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver.

[0234] Clause 66: The first health management device of Clause 65, wherein the coupling contact is configured to wirelessly couple the second antenna to the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

[0235] Clause 67: The first health management device of any one of Clauses 59-66, wherein the electronics module is further configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for receiving the analyte data and transmitting the one or more signals.

[0236] Clause 68: The first health management device of Clause 67, wherein the electronics module is configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RS SI) associated with each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0237] Clause 69: The first health management device of Clause 68, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to: use both the first antenna and the second antenna to receive one or more signals from the second health management device in response to the one or more signals transmitted to the second health management device; determine a first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna; and determine a second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna.

[0238] Clause 70: The first health management device of Clause 69, wherein the electronics module is configured to: select the first antenna when the first respective RSSIP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 53Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna; and select the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.

[0239] Clause 71: The first health management device of any one of Clauses 69-70, wherein the electronics module is further configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna based on a threshold RSSI.

[0240] Clause 72: The first health management device of Clause 71, wherein the electronic module is configured to select both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

[0241] Clause 73 : The first health management device of Clause 72, wherein, when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected, the electronics module is configured to: receive one or more additional signals from the second health management device using the first antenna and the second antenna; and combine the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna.

[0242] Clause 74: The first health management device of any one of Clauses 67-73, wherein: the electronics module is further configured to periodically establish a wireless connection with the second health management device; and the electronics module is configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the second health management device.

[0243] Clause 75: A health management system, comprising: an analyte sensor system; and a partner device, wherein: the analyte sensor system comprises: a transcutaneous analyte sensor configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system; a first antenna system comprising a first plurality of antennas, wherein: each antenna of the first plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and the first plurality of antennas is configured to: transmit, to the partner device, analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; and receive one or more signals from theP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 54Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 partner device; and a sensor electronics module configured to: obtain the one or more analyte concentration level measurements from the transcutaneous analyte sensor; process the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate the analyte data; transmit the analyte data to the partner device using one or more antennas of the first plurality of antennas; and receive the one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the first plurality of antennas; and the partner device comprises: a second antenna system comprising a second plurality of antennas for communicating with the analyte sensor system, wherein: each antenna of the second plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and the second plurality of antennas is configured to: receive, from the analyte sensor system, the analyte data associated with one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; and transmit the one or more signals to the analyte sensor system; and an electronics module configured to: receive the analyte data from the analyte sensor system using one or more antennas of the second plurality of antennas; and transmit the one or more signals to the analyte sensor system using one or more antennas of the second plurality of antennas.

[0244] Clause 76: An apparatus, comprising: one or more memories comprising executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform a method in accordance with any combination of Clauses 1-37.

[0245] Clause 77: An apparatus, comprising means for performing a method in accordance with any combination of Clauses 1-37.

[0246] Clause 78: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform a method in accordance with any combination of Clauses 1-37.

[0247] Clause 79: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing a method in accordance with any combination of Clauses 1-37.Additional Considerations

[0248] In this document, the terms “computer program medium” and “computer usable medium” and “computer readable medium”, as well as variations thereof, are usedP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 55Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 to generally refer to transitory or non-transitory media. These and other various forms of computer program media or computer usable / readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to a processing device for execution. Such instructions embodied on the medium, may generally be referred to as “computer program code” or a “computer program product” or “instructions” (which may be grouped in the form of computer programs or other groupings). When executed, such instructions may enable a computing module, such as the SS 8, display device 150, analyte sensor system 500, health management device 600, circuitry related thereto, and / or a processor thereof or connected thereto to perform features or functions of the present disclosure as discussed herein (for example, in connection with methods described above and / or in the claims), including for example when the same is / are incorporated into a system, apparatus, device and / or the like.

[0249] Various embodiments have been described with reference to specific example features thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the various embodiments as set forth in the appended claims. The specification and figures are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described embodiments with reference to different functional units. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units may be used without detracting from the invention. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate computing devices may be performed by the same computing device. Likewise, functionality illustrated to be performed by a single computing device may be distributed amongst several computing devices. Hence, references to specific functional units are only to be seen as references to suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0250] Although described above in terms of various example embodiments and implementations, it should be understood that the various features, aspects and functionality described in one or more of the individual embodiments are not limited in their applicability to the particular embodiment with which they are described, but instead may be applied, alone or in various combinations, to one or more of the other embodiments of the present application, whether or not such embodiments are described and whether or not such features are presented as being a part of a described embodiment.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 56Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01Thus, the breadth and scope of the present application should not be limited by any of the above-described example embodiments.

[0251] Terms and phrases used in the present application, and variations thereof, unless otherwise expressly stated, should be construed as open ended as opposed to limiting. As examples of the foregoing: the term “including” should be read as meaning “including, without limitation” or the like; the term “example” is used to provide illustrative instances of the item in discussion, not an exhaustive or limiting list thereof; the terms “a” or “an” should be read as meaning “at least one,” “one or more” or the like; the term “set” should be read to include one or more objects of the type included in the set; and adjectives such as “conventional,” “traditional,” “normal,” “standard,” “known” and terms of similar meaning should not be construed as limiting the item described to a given time period or to an item available as of a given time, but instead should be read to encompass conventional, traditional, normal, or standard technologies that may be available or known now or at any time in the future. Similarly, the plural may in some cases be recognized as applicable to the singular and vice versa. Likewise, where this document refers to technologies that would be apparent or known to one of ordinary skill in the art, such technologies encompass those apparent or known to the skilled artisan now or at any time in the future.

[0252] The presence of broadening words and phrases such as “one or more,” “at least,” “but not limited to” or other like phrases in some instances shall not be read to mean that the narrower case is intended or required in instances where such broadening phrases may be absent. The use of the term “module” does not imply that the components or functionality described or claimed as part of the module are all configured in a common package. Indeed, any or all of the various components of a module, whether control logic, circuitry, or other components, may be combined in a single package or separately maintained and may further be distributed in multiple groupings or packages or across multiple locations.

[0253] Additionally, the various embodiments set forth herein are described in terms of example block diagrams, flow charts, and other illustrations. As will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art after reading this document, the illustrated embodiments and their various alternatives may be implemented without confinement to the illustrated examples. For example, block diagrams and their accompanying description should not be construed as mandating a particular architecture or configuration. Moreover, theP+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 57Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 operations and sub-operations of various methods described herein are not necessarily limited to the order described or shown in the figures, and one of skill in the art will appreciate, upon studying the present disclosure, variations of the order of the operations described herein that are within the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

[0254] It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by execution of computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus (such as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or the like) in a sensor electronics system to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create instructions for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks presented herein.

[0255] It should be appreciated that all methods and processes disclosed herein may be used in any glucose or other analyte monitoring system, continuous or intermittent. It should further be appreciated that the implementation and / or execution of all methods and processes may be performed by any suitable devices or systems, whether local or remote. Further, any combination of devices or systems may be used to implement the present methods and processes.

[0256] In addition, the operations and sub-operations of methods described herein may be carried out or implemented, in some cases, by one or more of the components, elements, devices, modules, circuitry, processors, etc. of systems, apparatuses, devices, environments, and / or computing modules described herein and referenced in various of figures of the present disclosure, as well as one or more sub- components, elements,P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 58Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01 devices, modules, processors, circuitry, and the like depicted therein and / or described with respect thereto. In such instances, the description of the methods or aspects thereof may refer to a corresponding component, element, etc., but regardless of whether an explicit reference is made, one of skill in the art will recognize upon studying the present disclosure when the corresponding component, element, etc. may be used. Further, it will be appreciated that such references do not necessarily limit the described methods to the particular component, element, etc. referred to. Thus, it will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that aspects and features described above in connection with (sub-) components, elements, devices, modules, and circuitry, etc., including variations thereof, may be applied to the various operations described in connection with methods described herein, and vice versa, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 59

Claims

1. Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT01CLAIMS1. An analyte sensor system, comprising: a transcutaneous analyte sensor configured to perform one or more analyte concentration level measurements of a user of the analyte sensor system; an antenna system comprising a plurality of antennas, wherein: each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and the plurality of antennas is configured to: transmit, to a partner device, analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; and receive one or more signals from the partner device; and a sensor electronics module configured to: obtain the one or more analyte concentration level measurements from the transcutaneous analyte sensor; process the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate the analyte data; transmit the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas; and receive the one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.

2. The analyte sensor system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas includes: a first antenna having a first polarization; and a second antenna having a second polarization different from the first polarization.

3. The analyte sensor system of claim 2, wherein the first polarization is a linear polarization and the second polarization comprises one of a circular polarization or elliptical polarization.

4. The analyte sensor system of claim 2, wherein: the first antenna is implemented on a circuit board of the sensor electronics module; and the second antenna is implemented on a surface of a housing of the analyte sensor system that is configured to encase the sensor electronics module.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 60Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT015. The analyte sensor system of claim 4, wherein the second antenna comprises one of: a laser printed antenna implemented on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system; or a slot antenna implemented in a laser printed ring on an exterior surface of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

6. The analyte sensor system of claim 4, wherein: the sensor electronics module includes a transceiver configured to transmit the analyte data and receive the one or more signals; the second antenna lacks a physical electrical connection to the transceiver of the sensor electronic module; the circuit board of the sensor electronics module includes a coupling contact for wirelessly coupling the second antenna to the transceiver; and the coupling contact is configured to wirelessly couple the second antenna to the transceiver using one of inductive coupling or capacitive coupling.

7. The analyte sensor system of claim 2, wherein the sensor electronics module is further configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna for transmitting the analyte data and receiving the one or more signals.

8. The analyte sensor system of claim 7, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna based on a respective received signal strength indicator (RS SI) associated with each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

9. The analyte sensor system of claim 8, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to: use both the first antenna and the second antenna to receive the one or more signals from the partner device; determine a first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna based on the one or more signals received using the first antenna; and determine a second respective RS SI associated with the second antenna based on the one or more signals received using the second antenna.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 61Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT0110. The analyte sensor system of claim 9, wherein the sensor electronics module is configured to: select the first antenna when the first respective RS SI associated with the first antenna is higher than the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna; and select the second antenna when the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna is higher than the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna.

11. The analyte sensor system of claim 9, wherein: the sensor electronics module is further configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna based on a threshold RSSI; and the sensor electronic module is configured to select both the first antenna and the second antenna when neither the first respective RSSI associated with the first antenna nor the second respective RSSI associated with the second antenna are greater than or equal to the threshold RSSI.

12. The analyte sensor system of claim 11, wherein when the first antenna and the second antenna are both selected, the sensor electronics module is configured to: receive one or more additional signals from the partner device using the first antenna and the second antenna; and combine the one or more additional signals received using the first antenna with the one or more additional signals received using the second antenna.

13. The analyte sensor system of claim 7, wherein: the sensor electronics module is further configured to periodically establish a wireless connection with the partner device; and the sensor electronics module is configured to select at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna during each periodic establishment of the wireless connection with the partner device.

14. The analyte sensor system of claim 1, wherein the partner device comprises an insulin pump.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 62Dexcom Ref. No.: 0956-PCT0115. A method for wireless communication by an analyte sensor system, comprising: obtaining, from a transcutaneous analyte sensor of the analyte sensor system, one or more analyte concentration level measurements associated with a user; processing the one or more analyte concentration level measurements using one or more processors to generate analyte data associated with the one or more analyte concentration level measurements of the user; transmit the analyte data to a partner device using one or more antennas of a plurality of antennas, wherein each antenna of the plurality of antennas has a different polarization; and receiving one or more signals from the partner device using one or more antennas of the plurality of antennas.P+S Ref. No.: DEXC / 0956PC 63

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