Passive internet of things communication method and apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and provides a passive Internet of Things communication method and apparatus, a device, a storage medium, and a program product. The method comprises: in response to a terminal reporting service data, determining first energy collected by a first energy collection module and service demand energy; in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, controlling the terminal to operate in a first mode to use the first energy to report uplink information carrying the service data to a base station; in response to the first energy being less than the service demand energy, sending an uplink signal to the base station to request radio frequency energy supply to a second energy collection module, so as to collect second energy; and controlling the terminal to operate in a second mode to use the first energy and the second energy to report the uplink information to the base station. By means of the present disclosure, on the basis of the service data and energy storage conditions of the first energy collection module and the second energy collection module, the terminal can be selected to operate in different modes, thereby ensuring passive Internet of Things communication and saving energy resources.

Description

Passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication methods, devices, equipment, storage media, and software products

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024118648012, filed on December 17, 2024, entitled “Passive Internet of Things Communication Method, Apparatus, Electronic Device and Storage Medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0004] Passive IoT refers to terminals that are passive, meaning they require no batteries and operate by harvesting energy from the environment. Energy sources can include solar energy, vibration energy, thermoelectric energy, and radio frequency energy. Passive terminals can support the transmission of various sensing information, such as integrating multiple sensors to transmit temperature, pressure, and small-data-volume images and low-frame-rate video.

[0005] To improve the adaptability of passive terminals, related technologies propose that passive terminals can be configured to work using multiple energy sources, but there is a lack of suitable solutions for using passive terminals for passive IoT communication.

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This disclosure provides a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product, which at least to some extent overcomes the problem of the lack of suitable passive terminals for passive IoT communication in related technologies.

[0008] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this disclosure.

[0009] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication method is provided, applied to a terminal, the terminal including a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module, the method comprising:

[0010] In response to the service data reported by the terminal, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting;

[0011] In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the terminal is controlled to operate in a first mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy;

[0012] In response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, an uplink signal is sent to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy collection module, so that the second energy collection module can collect the second energy; the terminal is controlled to operate in a second mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

[0013] In some embodiments of this disclosure, controlling the terminal to operate in a first mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station using the first energy includes:

[0014] The business data is encapsulated into a first data packet;

[0015] The uplink information is obtained by appending an extended header identifier to the first data packet.

[0016] The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy.

[0017] In some embodiments of this disclosure, controlling the terminal to operate in a second mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station using the first energy and the second energy includes:

[0018] Determine whether the sum of the first energy and the second energy is greater than or equal to the energy required for the business;

[0019] In response to the energy and the energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy.

[0020] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy, including:

[0021] The business data is encapsulated into a second data packet;

[0022] The uplink information is obtained by appending an extended header identifier to the second data packet.

[0023] The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy.

[0024] In some embodiments of this disclosure, controlling the terminal to operate in a second mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station using the first energy and the second energy further includes:

[0025] In response to the energy being less than the energy required by the business, the following steps are executed cyclically:

[0026] Determine the energy and the corresponding amount of data to be sent, and based on the amount of data, extract a portion of the data from the service data to be sent and encapsulate it into a third data packet;

[0027] The third data packet is used as uplink information, and the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy;

[0028] Re-determine the service data to be sent and the transmission energy required for the service data to be sent;

[0029] After a time interval, the energy and sum are redefined;

[0030] Determine whether the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the energies;

[0031] The loop continues until it is determined that the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the energies;

[0032] The service data to be sent is encapsulated into a fourth data packet, and an extension header identifier is appended to the fourth data packet to form uplink information.

[0033] The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy.

[0034] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication method is provided, applied to a base station, comprising:

[0035] In response to receiving an uplink signal from a terminal, a wireless power carrier is sent down to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module;

[0036] Receive uplink information reported by the terminal;

[0037] Demodulate the uplink information;

[0038] The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module;

[0039] The terminal is configured to: in response to the terminal reporting service data, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting;

[0040] In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the system operates in a first mode by using the first energy to report the uplink information carrying the service data;

[0041] In response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, the second energy collection module collects the second energy, and the system operates in the second mode by using the first energy and the second energy to report the uplink information.

[0042] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the provided passive IoT communication method further includes:

[0043] In response to the detection that the uplink information carries an extended header identifier, the transmission of wireless power carriers to the terminal is stopped.

[0044] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the provided passive IoT communication method further includes:

[0045] Monitor the duration for which no signal is received from the terminal;

[0046] In response to the duration exceeding a preset time period threshold, a wireless power carrier is sent to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module.

[0047] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device is also provided, applied to a terminal, comprising:

[0048] An energy management unit is configured to, in response to the service data reported by the terminal, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting.

[0049] The first working unit is configured to control the terminal to work in a first mode in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, by using the first energy to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station.

[0050] The second working unit is configured to, in response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, send an uplink signal to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy collection module, so that the second energy collection module collects the second energy; and control the terminal to work in a second mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

[0051] The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module.

[0052] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device is also provided, applied to a base station, comprising:

[0053] The signal transmission unit is configured to, in response to receiving an uplink signal sent by the terminal, transmit a wireless power carrier to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module;

[0054] The information receiving unit is configured to receive uplink information reported by the terminal;

[0055] The information demodulation unit is configured to demodulate the uplink information;

[0056] The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module;

[0057] The terminal is configured to: in response to the terminal reporting service data, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting;

[0058] In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the system operates in a first mode by using the first energy to report the uplink information carrying the service data;

[0059] In response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, the second energy collection module collects the second energy, and the system operates in the second mode by using the first energy and the second energy to report the uplink information.

[0060] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to perform the passive Internet of Things communication method according to any one of the first and second aspects above by executing the executable instructions.

[0061] According to a sixth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the passive Internet of Things communication method according to any one of the first and second aspects above.

[0062] According to a seventh aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is also provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the passive Internet of Things communication method described in either the first or second aspect above.

[0063] The passive IoT communication method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure provides a dual energy source for the terminal by setting a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module. In response to the terminal reporting service data, the method determines the first energy collected by the first energy harvesting module and the energy required for service data reporting. If the first energy is greater than or equal to the required energy, the terminal is controlled to operate in a first mode, using the first energy to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station. If the first energy is less than the required energy, an uplink signal is sent to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy harvesting module, enabling the second energy harvesting module to collect the second energy. The terminal is then controlled to operate in a second mode, using both the first and second energy to report uplink information to the base station. This method selects different operating modes for the terminal based on the service data transmitted by the terminal and the energy storage status of the first and second energy harvesting modules, ensuring passive IoT communication and rationally utilizing the dual energy modules to save energy resources.

[0064] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0065] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0066] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction process of a passive Internet of Things communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0067] Figure 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a passive Internet of Things communication method applied to a terminal in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0068] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the implementation process of step S204 in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0069] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of an implementation process of step S206 in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0070] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the implementation process of step S404 in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0071] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of one implementation process of step S206 in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0072] Figure 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a passive Internet of Things communication method applied to a base station in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0073] Figure 8 shows a schematic flowchart of a passive Internet of Things communication method applied to a base station in some specific embodiments of this disclosure;

[0074] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the communication system and communication process constructed based on the passive Internet of Things communication method in a specific example of this disclosure;

[0075] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the data transmission method when the terminal is working in working mode 1 in a specific embodiment of this disclosure;

[0076] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the data transmission method when the terminal is working in working mode 2 in a specific embodiment of this disclosure;

[0077] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of an example table for calculating the energy required for business data in a specific instance of this disclosure;

[0078] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of a passive Internet of Things communication device applied to a terminal in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0079] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of a passive Internet of Things communication device applied to a base station according to an embodiment of this disclosure; and

[0080] Figure 15 shows a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0081] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0082] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0083] The specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] Figure 1 illustrates a communication architecture diagram of the passive IoT communication method provided in this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the system architecture may include: a terminal 10 and a base station 20. Communication is established between the two devices in the system.

[0085] In some embodiments of this disclosure, terminal 10 is a passive terminal, including a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module. The first energy harvesting module can harvest energy from the environment, such as solar energy, vibration energy, and thermoelectric energy, to supply energy to terminal 10. The second energy harvesting module can harvest radio frequency energy to supply energy to terminal 10. Since energy sources such as solar energy, vibration energy, and thermoelectric energy are susceptible to environmental interference and have low stability—for example, solar energy harvesting is not ideal in dark environments or with insufficient light, thermoelectric energy harvesting is not ideal when the temperature difference is small, and vibration energy harvesting is not ideal when the vibration amplitude is small—radio frequency energy can be harvested using the second energy harvesting module to supply energy to terminal 10, ensuring that terminal 10 has sufficient energy supply. This dual energy harvesting ensures the energy supply to terminal 10, preventing terminal 10 from failing due to environmental influences and guaranteeing the stability and reliability of passive IoT communication. Under the premise of ensuring reliable transmission, it maximizes the efficiency of green energy sources such as solar energy and vibration energy, and rationally utilizes radio frequency power supply.

[0086] In some embodiments of this disclosure, terminal 10 can support the transmission of various sensing information, such as integrating multiple sensors to transmit information such as temperature, pressure, and small data volume images and low frame rate videos. Based on business needs, terminal 10 collects the above information, feeds back uplink information to base station 20, and receives downlink control signals from base station 20 to complete communication with base station 20 and realize passive Internet of Things communication.

[0087] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when terminal 10 needs to report service data to base station 20, it determines the first energy collected by the first energy harvesting module and the service energy required for service data reporting; in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service energy requirement, it controls terminal 10 to operate in a first mode to report service data to base station 20 using the first energy; in response to the first energy being less than the service energy requirement, it sends an uplink signal to base station 20 to request radio frequency power to the second energy harvesting module, so that the second energy harvesting module collects second energy; and it controls terminal 10 to operate in a second mode to report service data to base station 20 using the first and second energy. That is, based on the service energy required for service data reporting, it determines whether the first energy harvesting module can support terminal 10 in uploading service data. If it is sufficient, it uses the first energy collected by the first energy harvesting module to provide energy to terminal 10. If it is insufficient, it uses both the first energy collected by the first energy harvesting module and the second energy collected by the second energy harvesting module to provide energy to terminal 10.

[0088] In some embodiments of this disclosure, specifically, the radio frequency power requires the base station 20 to send radio frequency signals to the terminal 10. That is, when the terminal 10 is operating in the second operating mode, it sends an uplink signal to the base station 20 to request the base station 20 to send a wireless power carrier to the terminal 10.

[0089] In some embodiments, the base station 20 receives uplink information reported by the terminal 10 and demodulates the uplink information. Specifically, upon receiving the uplink signal sent by the terminal 10, the base station 20 sends a wireless power supply carrier to the terminal 10 to provide radio frequency power to the second energy harvesting module of the terminal 10.

[0090] Figure 1 shows the interaction process of a passive IoT communication system, with two possible scenarios.

[0091] The first scenario, as shown in the interaction flow on the left side of Figure 1, includes:

[0092] S102, Terminal 10 determines the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the energy required for business data reporting;

[0093] S104, in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, terminal 10 operates in the first mode to report service data to base station 20 by utilizing the first energy;

[0094] S106, Base station 20 demodulates the uplink information.

[0095] The second scenario, as shown in the interaction flow on the right side of Figure 2, includes:

[0096] S102, Terminal 10 determines the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the energy required for business data reporting;

[0097] S108, in response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, terminal 10 sends an uplink signal to base station 20;

[0098] S110, Base station 20 sends a wireless power carrier to terminal 10;

[0099] S112, Terminal 10 controls the second energy harvesting module to harvest the second energy;

[0100] S114, Terminal 10 operates in the second mode and reports service data to base station 20 by utilizing the first energy and the second energy;

[0101] S116, Base station 20 demodulates the uplink information.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in specific implementation, the execution order of the above steps is not limited. Figure 1 is only an example. Steps S104 to S106 and steps S108 to S116 correspond to different situations. The execution of which steps is determined by the comparison between the magnitude of the first energy and the business demand energy, and is not used to limit the order of execution of the steps.

[0103] Under the above system architecture, this disclosure provides a passive IoT communication method. In some embodiments, the passive IoT communication method provided in this disclosure can be implemented by a terminal, a base station, or through the interaction between the terminal and the base station.

[0104] As shown in Figure 2, a passive IoT communication method for a terminal provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0105] S202, in response to the terminal reporting business data, determines the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the business demand energy required for reporting business data.

[0106] It should be noted that the terminal and the base station do not communicate in real time. It can be pre-agreed that the terminal will report service data to the base station at fixed intervals, or it can be pre-agreed that the terminal will report to the base station when a specific event is triggered, such as after acquiring service data. In response to the terminal reporting service data, that is, the terminal needs to communicate with the base station. Service data refers to the information that the terminal needs to report when performing corresponding service functions, such as ID information, temperature information, image information, status information, sensor data, and metering data.

[0107] It is understandable that different types of business data transmission require different amounts of energy. Based on the business data reported by the terminal, the pre-set mapping relationship between business type and transmission energy requirement can be used, along with the corresponding data volume, to determine the energy requirement for business data reporting. It should be noted that the mapping relationship between business type and transmission energy requirement can be obtained through multiple calculations of different business data reports at the time of terminal manufacturing or before deployment. This relationship can be stored in the terminal in tabular form for use when determining the energy requirement for business data reporting.

[0108] S204, in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the control terminal operates in the first mode to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy.

[0109] It should be noted that when the first energy is greater than or equal to the energy required for the service, it indicates that the first energy is sufficient to provide energy for the service data reporting. The terminal can work in the first mode and use the first energy to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station.

[0110] S206, in response to the first energy being less than the energy required for the service, an uplink signal is sent to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy collection module so that the second energy collection module can collect the second energy; the control terminal operates in the second mode to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

[0111] It should be noted that when the first energy is less than the energy required for the service, it means that the first energy is insufficient to provide enough energy for the service data reporting. The terminal needs to use the second energy to make up for the energy shortage. The terminal can work in the second mode and use the first and second energy to report the uplink information carrying the service data to the base station.

[0112] As can be seen from the above steps, the passive IoT communication method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure provides dual energy sources to the terminal by setting a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module. In response to the terminal reporting service data, the method determines the first energy collected by the first energy harvesting module and the energy required for service data reporting. In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the required energy, the method controls the terminal to operate in a first mode, using the first energy to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station. In response to the first energy being less than the required energy, the method sends an uplink signal to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy harvesting module, enabling the second energy harvesting module to collect the second energy. The method then controls the terminal to operate in a second mode, using both the first and second energy to report uplink information to the base station. This achieves the selection of different operating modes for the terminal based on the service data transmitted by the terminal and the energy storage status of the first and second energy harvesting modules, ensuring passive IoT communication and rationally utilizing the dual energy modules to save energy resources.

[0113] In some embodiments of this disclosure, step S204 is specifically implemented as shown in Figure 3, and includes the following steps:

[0114] S302, encapsulates the business data into a first data packet;

[0115] S304, append an extension header identifier to the first data packet to obtain uplink information;

[0116] S306 uses the first energy to report uplink information to the base station.

[0117] It should be noted that business data can be encoded, compressed, or encrypted to ensure data security and efficiency. IP headers, frame headers, frame trailers, and other processing can be added to the data to encapsulate it into the first data packet.

[0118] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the extension header identifier is used to indicate that service data reporting has been completed, informing the base station that all data has been uploaded. In specific implementations, the extension header identifier is agreed upon in advance with the base station, using a specific identifier to clarify the purpose of this extension header, for example, it can be represented by a number.

[0119] This embodiment of the disclosure utilizes the first energy to report uplink information to the base station, thereby enabling the reporting of business data using environmental energy collected and stored by the first energy harvesting module without the need for other energy supply, thus saving resources and power consumption consumed by the terminal during passive IoT communication.

[0120] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a specific implementation of step S206 is shown in Figure 4, including the following steps:

[0121] S402, determine whether the sum of the first energy and the second energy is greater than or equal to the business demand energy;

[0122] S404, in response to energy and energy greater than or equal to the service demand energy, reports uplink information to the base station through the first energy and the second energy.

[0123] It should be noted that the terminal sends an uplink signal to the base station to request radio frequency (RF) power to the second energy harvesting module. Upon receiving the uplink signal, the base station continuously transmits RF power carriers to provide RF power to the terminal. In other words, the base station operates in FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing) mode. In this mode, the uplink (communication from the terminal to the base station) and downlink (communication from the base station to the terminal) use different frequencies to transmit data simultaneously. After sending the uplink signal, the terminal collects RF power through the second energy harvesting module for a certain period until the energy collected by the second energy module reaches a certain threshold. Those skilled in the art will understand that this threshold is preset according to different application scenarios; for example, it could be 80%, 90%, or 100% of the upper limit of the energy stored in the second energy module. That is, the aforementioned certain period depends on the energy storage of the second energy module, the energy storage element, and the energy storage threshold of the energy storage element. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0124] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, after the second energy harvesting module collects and stores a certain amount of second energy, it is determined whether the sum of the first energy and the second energy is greater than or equal to the energy required for the service. If the sum of the energy is greater than or equal to the energy required for the service, it indicates that the terminal has sufficient energy supply to support the reporting of service data. Specifically, the implementation process of step S404 is shown in Figure 5, and includes the following steps.

[0125] S502 encapsulates business data into a second data packet;

[0126] S504, append an extension header identifier to the second data packet to obtain uplink information;

[0127] S506 reports uplink information to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

[0128] It should be noted that the implementation of step S502 is similar to that of step S302. The business data can be encoded, compressed, or encrypted to ensure data security and efficiency. IP headers, frame headers, frame trailers, etc. can be added to the data to encapsulate it into a second data packet.

[0129] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the extension header identifier is used to indicate that service data has been reported successfully, informing the base station that all data has been uploaded in this report. In specific implementations, the extension header identifier is pre-agreed with the base station, using a specific identifier to clearly define the purpose of this extension header; for example, it can be represented by a number. Uplink information is obtained by appending the extension header identifier to the second data packet, so that the base station, after receiving and parsing the uplink information, knows that all data has been uploaded successfully in this report.

[0130] In some embodiments of this disclosure, one specific implementation of step S206, based on the implementation process shown in FIG4, further includes the following cyclically executed steps in response to energy and energy less than the service demand, as shown in FIG6:

[0131] S602, determine the energy and the corresponding amount of data to be sent, and extract a portion of the data from the service data to be sent based on the data amount and encapsulate it into a third data packet;

[0132] S604, the third data packet is used as uplink information, and the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy;

[0133] S606, Re-determine the service data to be sent and the transmission energy required for the service data to be sent;

[0134] S608, after a time interval, redetermine the energy;

[0135] S610, determine whether the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of energies;

[0136] The loop ends when it is determined that the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the total energy.

[0137] S612 encapsulates the service data to be sent into a fourth data packet, and appends an extension header identifier to the fourth data packet to form uplink information;

[0138] S614 uses the first energy and the second energy to report uplink information to the base station.

[0139] In some embodiments of this disclosure, if the energy sum is less than the service requirement energy, it indicates that the terminal cannot upload all the service data to be reported at once. Based on the current energy sum, the amount of data that can be sent can be determined. A portion of this data is extracted and encapsulated to obtain a third data packet. This third data packet is used as uplink information, and the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first and second energy sums. The already sent data is deleted from the service data to be sent, and the service data to be sent and the required transmission energy are re-determined.

[0140] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a time interval is specified to allow the second energy harvesting module to collect radio frequency energy for a fixed duration, which is the time interval. It is understood that the first energy harvesting module also collects energy for a fixed duration, but its energy collection speed is slower, and the amount of first energy collected is less, negligible compared to the radio frequency energy collected by the second energy harvesting module, thus simplifying the processing flow. A time interval may be specified to redetermine the second energy collected by the second energy harvesting module, thereby re-determining the total energy. Those skilled in the art will understand that this time interval is set according to actual needs or multiple tests, or it may be a time interval to allow the radio frequency energy collected by the second energy harvesting module to reach a certain threshold. This threshold is preset according to different application scenarios, for example, it may be 80%, 90%, or 100% of the upper limit of the energy stored by the second energy module.

[0141] In some embodiments of this disclosure, it is determined whether the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of energies. If it is still greater than the sum of energies, steps S602 to S608 are repeated. After multiple uploads, the loop ends when the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of energies. Since the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of energies at this point, it indicates that the service data to be transmitted can be uploaded in one go. The service data to be transmitted is encapsulated into a fourth data packet, and an extension header identifier is appended to the fourth data packet to form uplink information. The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy, so as to inform the base station that the service data transmission is complete through the extension header identifier, so that the base station stops providing radio frequency energy to the terminal.

[0142] This disclosure selects different operating modes based on the terminal's service status and stored energy to maximize the use of primary energy and rationally utilize secondary energy provided by the base station, thereby further saving energy and resources provided by the base station while ensuring the quality of terminal services.

[0143] As shown in Figure 7, a passive IoT communication method applied to a base station provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps:

[0144] S702, in response to receiving an uplink signal from the terminal, sends a wireless power carrier to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module;

[0145] S704, receives uplink information reported by the terminal;

[0146] S706 demodulates the uplink information.

[0147] It should be noted that the terminal includes a first energy collection module and a second energy collection module; the terminal is configured to: in response to the terminal reporting service data, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for reporting the service data; in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, operate in a first mode to report uplink information carrying service data by utilizing the first energy; in response to the first energy being less than the service demand energy, utilize the second energy collection module to collect second energy, operate in a second mode to report uplink information by utilizing both the first and second energy.

[0148] It should be noted that if an uplink signal is received from the terminal, a wireless power carrier is sent to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module. If no uplink signal is received from the terminal, there is no need to send a wireless power carrier to the terminal. After receiving the uplink information reported by the terminal, the base station demodulates it to obtain the service data reported by the terminal.

[0149] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the passive IoT communication method further includes: in response to identifying that the uplink information carries an extended header identifier, stopping the transmission of wireless power carriers to the terminal, so as to ensure that the transmission of wireless power carriers to the terminal is stopped in a timely manner after the terminal completes the reporting of service data, thereby saving the resources consumed by the base station.

[0150] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the terminal may have extremely low stored energy, making it unable to wake up and actively transmit signals; that is, the terminal does not have enough energy to transmit uplink signals to the base station. To avoid this situation affecting passive IoT communication, the passive IoT communication method applied to the base station, as shown in Figure 8, further includes the following steps based on the flowchart shown in Figure 7:

[0151] S802, monitors the duration during which no signal is received from the terminal;

[0152] S804, in response to the duration exceeding a preset time period threshold, sends a wireless power carrier to the terminal to supply radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module.

[0153] It should be noted that the terminal can periodically send signals to the base station for passive IoT operations. The terminal can determine if it is in a low-energy state by monitoring whether the duration for which the base station has not received a signal from the terminal exceeds a preset time period threshold. If the duration exceeds the preset time period threshold, the base station controls the base station to send a wireless power carrier to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module. This allows the terminal's second energy harvesting module to collect enough energy to wake up the terminal. The terminal operates in a second mode, using both the first and second energy sources to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station. The terminal continues to send wireless power carriers to the terminal until it receives uplink information from the terminal carrying an extension header identifier, at which point it stops sending wireless power carriers. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the terminal may or may not send uplink signals to the base station. Once the base station detects that the duration for which it has not received a signal from the terminal exceeds the preset time period threshold, it will continuously send wireless power carriers to the terminal until it receives uplink information carrying an extension header identifier.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will understand that the preset time period threshold is related to the passive IoT communication operation cycle and the terminal energy storage capacity. This disclosure does not limit the time period, but it can be 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, etc.

[0155] To better illustrate the passive IoT communication method provided in this disclosure, a specific example is given for further explanation. As shown in Figure 9, this illustrates the communication system and communication process constructed based on the passive IoT communication method provided in this disclosure.

[0156] The communication system includes a base station and active passive terminals. The base station is configured to transmit downlink control signals, receive uplink signals, maintain normal communication with the active passive terminals, and simultaneously activate radio frequency power supply as needed to power the passive terminals.

[0157] The active passive terminal consists of an energy module, an active communication module, and a service decision module. The energy module includes a solar energy harvesting module (which can also be configured to use vibration energy, thermoelectric energy, etc., depending on the application scenario), a radio frequency energy harvesting module, and an energy management module. The energy management module can assess its own energy storage level. The active communication module is configured to communicate with the base station, i.e., receive downlink control signals and feed back uplink information and uplink signals. The service decision module is configured to assess whether the energy stored in the energy module is sufficient for service transmission, whether to activate the radio frequency energy harvesting function, select the terminal's operating mode, and determine the parameters required for the specific operating mode (such as the number of service transmissions and the amount of service transmitted per transmission).

[0158] Specifically, the active passive terminal has two working modes, including working mode 1 and working mode 2.

[0159] The data transmission method in working mode 1 is shown in Figure 10. It is a direct transmission mode, meaning that there is no need to wait for radio frequency wireless charging; all data to be transmitted (Dall) is transmitted at once. The identifier 'e' preceding the data packet indicates that all data has been transmitted in this service transmission. At this time, the base station operates in FDD mode, receiving and demodulating the uplink information sent by the active passive terminal.

[0160] The data transmission method in working mode 2 is shown in Figure 11. It is a charging communication cycle mode, meaning that communication requires radio frequency wireless power assistance. It employs a cycle of charging + data transmission + charging + data transmission until all data is transmitted. The identifier 'e' indicates that all data has been transmitted. In this mode, if the base station does not receive a data packet with the identifier 'e', ​​it means that the service data transmission is incomplete. At this time, the base station operates in FDD mode. When it receives an uplink signal from an active passive terminal, it will send a wireless power carrier until it receives a data packet with the identifier 'e'. Simultaneously, it receives and demodulates uplink information sent by the active passive terminal.

[0161] The workflow in specific scenarios includes:

[0162] Passive terminals typically report service data periodically, while the base station periodically receives the service data. At time T, the passive terminal needs to periodically report services to the base station:

[0163] The passive terminal has collected some energy Et from the solar energy harvesting module. At this time, the total amount of service data to be transmitted is Dall. The service decision module determines whether the energy Et meets the service transmission requirements. The judgment result depends on the hardware capability level of the passive terminal, which can be set at the factory.

[0164] Passive terminals typically integrate various types of sensors, transmitting information such as ID, temperature, and images, corresponding to different service volumes D1, D2, D3, etc., and corresponding energy requirements E1, E2, E3, etc. The specific E values ​​can be calculated at the factory and stored in a table in the service decision module. The service decision module can then look up the table for comparison each time (the table must list all service types of the passive terminal), that is, find the value of En in the table based on the current service type, and compare Et with En, thus saving power consumption to a certain extent. An example table is shown in Figure 12.

[0165] (1) When Et≥En, the passive terminal works in working mode 1, transmitting all the data to be transmitted to the base station at once. The base station receives the uplink signal with the e identifier, and the process ends.

[0166] (2) When Et < En, the passive terminal starts working mode 2 and sends an uplink signal to the base station to request radio frequency power supply; the base station continuously sends a power supply carrier; the passive terminal collects radio frequency energy for time t1 until the capacitor in the radio frequency energy collection module stores energy to a certain threshold (this threshold can be set according to different application scenarios, such as 80%, 90%, 100%, etc.), and the specific time t1 depends on the stored energy, the size of the passive terminal capacitor, the size of the capacitor threshold, etc.; the service decision module decides to start transmitting uplink information, and at the same time evaluates the existing energy En1 (collected radio frequency energy + stored energy). If the solar energy supply meets the service transmission requirements, the system will first send a data packet with the identifier "e". Upon receiving the data packet with the identifier "e", the base station will stop supplying power, demodulate the uplink information, and the process will end. If the solar energy supply does not meet the requirements, the passive terminal will send the maximum data packet it can send at that moment. Then, the charging and decision-making steps will be repeated. According to working mode 2, the system will charge and send the remaining service data packets in sequence until the data packet with the identifier "e" is sent, thus completing the information transmission task. Upon receiving the data packet with the identifier "e", the base station will stop supplying power, demodulate all uplink information, and the process will end.

[0167] If the passive terminal fails to collect energy from solar energy or collects only a small amount, it cannot be woken up to actively transmit information. If the base station does not receive information from the passive terminal within the specified time, it continues to send wireless power carriers. After the passive terminal obtains energy from radio frequency energy, it is woken up and starts working in mode 2. The service decision module evaluates whether the initial charging meets the energy requirements for transmitting services. If it does, the passive terminal directly sends a data packet with the 'e' identifier to the base station. The base station recognizes the 'e' identifier, stops sending power carriers, and demodulates uplink information, ending the process. If it does not meet the requirements, the passive terminal sends the maximum data packet it can send at that moment. Then, following working mode 2, it sequentially performs charging and sending the remaining service data packets until it sends a data packet with the 'e' identifier, completing the information transmission task. The base station receives the data packet with the 'e' identifier, stops power supply, demodulates all uplink information, and the process ends.

[0168] As can be seen from the above process, the communication system can not only guarantee the quality of terminal services, but also select the optimal operating mode based on the operational attributes and energy storage of the passive IoT terminal. Therefore, the base station can activate the wireless radio frequency power supply mode on demand, saving base station energy and resources. Furthermore, this communication system allows the passive terminal to determine and decide the operating mode, rather than relying on the base station to make judgments based on information reported by the terminal and then instructing the terminal on how to operate. This reduces interaction between the terminal and the base station, further reducing latency and freeing up some base station resources.

[0169] It should be noted that the acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this disclosed technical solution all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0170] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this device embodiment solves the problem is similar to that of the above-described method embodiments, the implementation of this device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above-described method embodiments, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0171] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device applied to a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module. As shown in Figure 13, the device includes:

[0172] Energy management unit 1301 is configured to determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the energy required for business data reporting in response to business data reported by the terminal.

[0173] The first working unit 1302 is configured to control the terminal to work in a first mode in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, and to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy.

[0174] The second working unit 1303 is configured to send an uplink signal to the base station in response to the first energy being less than the energy required for the service, requesting radio frequency power to be supplied to the second energy collection module so that the second energy collection module can collect the second energy; and to control the terminal to operate in the second mode to report uplink information carrying service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

[0175] It should be noted that the energy management unit 1301, the first working unit 1302, and the second working unit 1303 mentioned above correspond to S202 to S206 in the method embodiment. The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above method embodiment. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.

[0176] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the first working unit 1302 is specifically configured as follows:

[0177] Encapsulate the business data into a first data packet;

[0178] The uplink information is obtained by appending an extension header identifier to the first data packet.

[0179] The uplink information is reported to the base station by utilizing the first energy.

[0180] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second working unit 1303 is specifically configured as follows:

[0181] Determine whether the sum of the first energy and the second energy is greater than or equal to the energy required by the business.

[0182] In response to energy levels that are greater than or equal to the service demand energy, uplink information is reported to the base station via the first energy level and the second energy level.

[0183] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second working unit 1303 is configured as follows:

[0184] Encapsulate the business data into a second data packet;

[0185] The uplink information is obtained by appending an extension header identifier to the second data packet.

[0186] The uplink information is reported to the base station by utilizing the first and second energy sources.

[0187] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second working unit 1303 is further configured as follows:

[0188] In response to energy availability and energy levels falling below business requirements, the following steps are executed cyclically:

[0189] Determine the energy and the corresponding amount of data to be sent, and based on the data amount, extract a portion of the data from the business data to be sent and encapsulate it into a third data packet;

[0190] The third data packet is used as uplink information, and the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first and second energy;

[0191] Re-determine the service data to be sent and the transmission energy required for that data;

[0192] After a time interval, the energy sum is redefined;

[0193] Determine whether the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the energies;

[0194] The loop continues until it is determined that the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the total energy;

[0195] The business data to be sent is encapsulated into a fourth data packet, and an extension header identifier is appended to the fourth data packet to form uplink information;

[0196] The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first and second energy.

[0197] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this device embodiment solves the problem is similar to that of the above-described method embodiments, the implementation of this device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above-described method embodiments, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0198] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of a passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device applied to a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 14, the device includes:

[0199] The signal transmission unit 1401 is configured to transmit a wireless power carrier to the terminal in response to receiving an uplink signal sent by the terminal, so as to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module.

[0200] The information receiving unit 1402 is configured to receive uplink information reported by the terminal;

[0201] The information demodulation unit 1403 is configured to demodulate the uplink information.

[0202] The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module.

[0203] The terminal is configured to: in response to the terminal reporting business data, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the business demand energy required for reporting business data;

[0204] In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the business demand energy, the system operates in the first mode by using the first energy to report uplink information carrying business data.

[0205] In response to the fact that the first energy is less than the energy required by the business, the second energy collection module is used to collect the second energy, and the second mode is used to report uplink information by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

[0206] It should be noted that the signal transmitting unit 1401, information receiving unit 1402, and information demodulation unit 1403 mentioned above correspond to S702 to S704 in the method embodiment. The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above method embodiment. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.

[0207] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the provided passive IoT communication device further includes: a stop unit configured to stop sending wireless power carriers to the terminal in response to the recognition that uplink information carries an extension header identifier.

[0208] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the provided passive Internet of Things communication device further includes: a monitoring and control unit, configured to monitor the duration for which no signal is received from the terminal; and in response to the duration exceeding a preset time period threshold, to send a wireless power supply carrier to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module.

[0209] In some embodiments of this disclosure,

[0210] Those skilled in the art will understand that various aspects of this disclosure can be implemented as systems, methods, or program products. Therefore, various aspects of this disclosure can be specifically implemented in the following forms: entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or in a combination of hardware and software, collectively referred to herein as “circuit,” “module,” or “system.”

[0211] The electronic device 1500 according to this embodiment of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to FIG15. The electronic device 1500 shown in FIG15 is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0212] As shown in Figure 15, the electronic device 1500 is presented in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 1500 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 1510, at least one storage unit 1520, and a bus 1530 connecting different system components (including storage unit 1520 and processing unit 1510).

[0213] The storage unit stores program code that can be executed by the processing unit 1510, causing the processing unit 1510 to perform the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For example, the processing unit 1510 can execute the above-described passive Internet of Things communication method embodiments.

[0214] Storage unit 1520 may include readable media in the form of volatile storage units, such as random access memory (RAM) 15201 and / or cache memory 15202, and may further include read-only memory (ROM) 15203.

[0215] Storage unit 1520 may also include a program / utility 15204 having a set (at least one) program module 15205, such program module 15205 including but not limited to: operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules and program data, each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0216] Bus 1530 can represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of the various bus structures.

[0217] Electronic device 1500 can also communicate with one or more external devices 1540 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 1500, and / or any device that enables electronic device 1500 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., router, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 1550. Furthermore, electronic device 1500 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 1560. As shown, network adapter 1560 communicates with other modules of electronic device 1500 via bus 1530. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figures, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with electronic device 1500, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0218] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, terminal device, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0219] In particular, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described passive Internet of Things communication method.

[0220] In exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. In some possible implementations, various aspects of this disclosure may also be implemented as a program product including program code that, when run on a terminal device, causes the terminal device to perform the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0221] More specific examples of computer-readable storage media in this disclosure may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0222] In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, capable of transmitting, propagating, or transmitting a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0223] In some embodiments, program code contained on a computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0224] In practical implementation, program code for performing the operations of this disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0225] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0226] Furthermore, although the steps of the method in this disclosure are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additional or alternative steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or a step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0227] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, mobile terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0228] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, applied to a terminal, the terminal comprising a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module; The passive IoT communication method includes: In response to the service data reported by the terminal, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting; In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the terminal is controlled to operate in a first mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy; In response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, an uplink signal is sent to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy collection module, so that the second energy collection module can collect the second energy; the terminal is controlled to operate in a second mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy.

2. The passive IoT communication method according to claim 1, wherein, Controlling the terminal to operate in a first mode involves reporting uplink information carrying the service data to the base station using the first energy, including: The business data is encapsulated into a first data packet; The uplink information is obtained by appending an extended header identifier to the first data packet. The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy.

3. The passive IoT communication method according to claim 1, wherein, Controlling the terminal to operate in a second mode involves reporting uplink information carrying the service data to the base station using the first energy and the second energy, including: Determine whether the sum of the first energy and the second energy is greater than or equal to the energy required for the business; In response to the energy and the energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy.

4. The passive IoT communication method according to claim 3, wherein, Reporting the uplink information to the base station using the first energy and the second energy includes: The business data is encapsulated into a second data packet; The uplink information is obtained by appending an extended header identifier to the second data packet. The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy.

5. The passive IoT communication method according to claim 3, wherein, Controlling the terminal to operate in the second mode by reporting uplink information carrying the service data to the base station using the first energy and the second energy also includes: In response to the energy being less than the energy required by the business, the following steps are executed cyclically: Determine the energy and the corresponding amount of data to be sent, and based on the amount of data, extract a portion of the data from the service data to be sent and encapsulate it into a third data packet; The third data packet is used as uplink information, and the uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy; Re-determine the service data to be sent and the transmission energy required for the service data to be sent; After a time interval, the energy and sum are redefined; Determine whether the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the energies; The loop continues until it is determined that the transmitted energy is less than or equal to the sum of the energies; The service data to be sent is encapsulated into a fourth data packet, and an extension header identifier is appended to the fourth data packet to form uplink information. The uplink information is reported to the base station using the first energy and the second energy.

6. A passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication method applied to a base station, the passive IoT communication method comprising: In response to receiving an uplink signal from a terminal, a wireless power carrier is sent down to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module; Receive uplink information reported by the terminal; Demodulate the uplink information; The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module; The terminal is configured to: in response to the terminal reporting service data, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting; In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the system operates in a first mode by using the first energy to report the uplink information carrying the service data; In response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, the second energy collection module collects the second energy, and the system operates in the second mode by using the first energy and the second energy to report the uplink information.

7. The passive IoT communication method according to claim 6, wherein, Also includes: In response to the detection that the uplink information carries an extended header identifier, the transmission of wireless power carriers to the terminal is stopped.

8. The passive IoT communication method according to claim 6, wherein, Also includes: Monitor the duration for which no signal is received from the terminal; In response to the duration exceeding a preset time period threshold, a wireless power carrier is sent to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module.

9. A passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, applied to a terminal, comprising: An energy management unit is configured to, in response to the service data reported by the terminal, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting. The first working unit is configured to control the terminal to work in a first mode in response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, by using the first energy to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station. The second working unit is configured to, in response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, send an uplink signal to the base station to request radio frequency power to the second energy collection module, so that the second energy collection module collects the second energy; and control the terminal to work in a second mode to report uplink information carrying the service data to the base station by utilizing the first energy and the second energy. The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module.

10. A passive Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, applied to a base station, comprising: The signal transmission unit is configured to, in response to receiving an uplink signal sent by the terminal, transmit a wireless power carrier to the terminal to provide radio frequency power to the terminal's second energy harvesting module; The information receiving unit is configured to receive uplink information reported by the terminal; The information demodulation unit is configured to demodulate the uplink information; The terminal includes a first energy harvesting module and a second energy harvesting module; The terminal is configured to: in response to the terminal reporting service data, determine the first energy collected by the first energy collection module and the service demand energy required for the service data reporting; In response to the first energy being greater than or equal to the service demand energy, the system operates in a first mode by using the first energy to report the uplink information carrying the service data; In response to the first energy being less than the energy required by the service, the second energy collection module collects the second energy, and the system operates in the second mode by using the first energy and the second energy to report the uplink information.

11. An electronic device, comprising: processor; as well as Memory for storing the executable instructions of the processor; The processor is configured to execute the passive Internet of Things communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 by executing the executable instructions.

12. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the passive Internet of Things communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

13. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the passive Internet of Things communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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