Communication methods and apparatuses, and electronic device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are communication methods and apparatuses, and an electronic device, a storage medium and a program product. In the present disclosure, a communication method comprises: performing downlink channel measurement on a first signal from a base station; and sending first information to the base station, the first information comprising: a channel measurement result and beam switching information, wherein the first information is used for implementing interference preprocessing on a downlink signal.

Description

A communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This disclosure is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510002037.6, filed on January 2, 2025, entitled "A Communication Method, Apparatus, Electronic Device, Storage Medium and Program Product", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, when a terminal performs downlink channel measurements, the limited hardware switching capability of the terminal may lead to data point loss and inter-carrier interference (ICI), which in turn affects the accuracy of the channel measurement results and degrades the performance of the communication system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product to address the problem of ICI interference to a certain extent.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this disclosure embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0006] This application provides a communication method applied to a terminal. The method includes: performing downlink channel measurement on a first signal from a base station; sending first information to the base station, the first information including: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal.

[0007] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a communication method is provided, applied to a base station, the method comprising: sending a first signal to a terminal; receiving first information from the terminal; the first information comprising: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; and the first information is used to determine the downlink channel based on the first signal.

[0008] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a communication device is provided for use in a terminal. The device includes: a measurement unit configured to perform downlink channel measurement on a first signal from a base station; and a transmission unit configured to transmit first information to the base station, the first information including: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal.

[0009] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a communication apparatus is provided, applied to a base station, the apparatus comprising: a transmitting unit configured to transmit a first signal to a terminal; and a receiving unit configured to receive first information from the terminal; the first information including: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; and the first information is used to determine the downlink channel based on the first signal.

[0010] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory configured to store computer-readable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the computer-readable instructions, causing the electronic device to perform the method as described in any embodiment of one aspect.

[0011] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, configured to store computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method as described in any embodiment of one aspect.

[0012] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any embodiment of one aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of ICI interference generation in related technologies;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0015] Figure 3 illustrates a communication method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0016] Figure 4 illustrates the protocol format of the first information provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the communication between the terminal and the base station in this disclosure;

[0018] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of downlink channel measurement provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0019] Figure 7 is a code diagram of the configuration resources provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0020] Figure 8 is a complete communication interaction diagram provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 10 is a structural block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 11 is a hardware block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and the detailed descriptions in the specific embodiments should be understood as explanations of the purpose of this application and should not be regarded as undue limitations on this application.

[0026] Currently, in Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) mode, when performing downlink channel measurements, the base station typically sends pilot signals to the terminal. After receiving the pilot signals, the terminal uses its own multi-antenna receiving unit to analyze and process them, thereby obtaining the channel measurement results, and then sends them back to the base station. Based on this information, the base station performs at least one operation, such as downlink resource allocation, power control, and interference coordination.

[0027] However, due to the limitations of the terminal's hardware capabilities, when the terminal uses its own multi-antenna receiving unit to receive pilot signals, the slow beam switching speed may cause some sampling point data to be lost, resulting in ICI interference, which in turn affects the accuracy of channel measurement results and degrades the performance of the communication system.

[0028] Therefore, this disclosure proposes a communication method in which a terminal can perform downlink channel measurement on a first signal and determine, based on the first signal, first information considering the terminal's handover capability under normal conditions. This first information can be understood as comprehensive information on ICI interference that may occur under normal conditions due to limitations in the terminal's hardware capabilities. Furthermore, targeted interference preprocessing can be performed on subsequent downlink signals based on this first information.

[0029] First, please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of existing ICI interference generation. As shown in Figure 1, when a terminal receives a signal from a base station, it performs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (converting frequency domain information into time domain information). Due to limitations in the terminal's hardware switching capabilities, the energy of sampling points corresponding to different beams diffuses to other subcarriers, thus generating ICI interference. Specifically, in Figure 1, T... shift The sampling period can be represented by a vertical arrow, the sampling point by a cross, a missing or incorrect sampling point by a cross, and a correct sampling point by a checkmark. As shown in Figure 1, during the FFT transformation, there are cases where signal sampling points are missing or incorrect (as indicated by crosses). This causes the signal to fail to accurately maintain the energy distribution of each subcarrier when converted from the frequency domain to the time domain, resulting in ICI interference.

[0030] Next, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the communication system includes at least: a base station and a terminal;

[0031] The terminal, also known as a terminal device, user equipment, mobile station, or mobile terminal, is capable of communicating with a base station. The terminal may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, drone, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, smart home device, etc. This disclosure does not impose any particular limitations on the specific technology or device form used in the terminal.

[0032] A base station is responsible for allocating resources and scheduling communication tasks for terminals, and is able to communicate with terminals. There are no restrictions on the specific type of base station disclosed herein; it can be a base station, an evolved base station, a transmitting / receiving point, a next-generation base station in a fifth-generation mobile communication system, a next-generation base station in a sixth-generation mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity system, etc.; it can also be a module or unit that performs some of the functions of a base station, for example, it can be a centralized unit or a distributed unit.

[0033] Figure 3 illustrates a communication method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Referring to Figure 3, which is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown in Figure 3, the method is applied to a terminal and includes:

[0034] In step 301, downlink channel measurements are performed on the first signal from the base station.

[0035] In step 302, first information is sent to the base station. The first information includes: channel measurement results and beam switching information. The first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal. The channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of different beams measured by the terminal in the current channel environment.

[0036] In this disclosure, the first signal can be understood as a pilot signal sent by the base station to the terminal for channel measurement, and the first signal needs to be set with multiple sets of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) according to the number of beams fed back by the terminal.

[0037] In this disclosure, the first information can be understood as a set of feedback information including the channel results measured by the terminal and the relevant characteristics of its own antenna. It can provide detailed information for the base station to fully and accurately grasp the downlink channel conditions and the performance of the terminal antenna, thereby assisting the base station to carry out targeted downlink signal anti-interference operations and optimize the allocation of communication resources.

[0038] The first information disclosed herein may include: channel measurement results and beam switching information. The channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of different beams measured by the terminal in the current channel environment. The beam switching information describes the switching method of different beams and includes the number of beams and the number of continuous sampling points for each beam; the beams may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: the phase of an analog phase shifter (i.e., an analog beam), array characteristics (such as the impedance / load of the antenna, the characteristics of the smart reflective surface), angular position (such as the rotation / movement of the antenna array), etc., which will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0039] In other words, the first information disclosed herein can be understood as, under normal conditions, taking into account the impact of the terminal's own hardware switching capabilities, measuring the actual performance of different beams in the current channel environment, and generating a result that accurately reflects the impact of ICI interference. It can comprehensively and accurately display the situation of ICI interference, providing a solid foundation for the base station to carry out targeted interference preprocessing in the future.

[0040] Specifically, after receiving the first signal from the base station, the terminal can use at least one channel measurement method, such as the least squares method, the least mean square error method, or the estimation method, to perform channel measurement on the downlink channel, obtain the channel measurement results, and thus obtain the first information. This will be explained in detail later with reference to embodiments. In this way, the base station can clearly and comprehensively understand the true state of the downlink channel in which the terminal is located based on the received first information, especially the detailed situation of ICI interference on each subcarrier and the beam switching parameters of each antenna of the terminal itself. The base station can then scientifically and accurately formulate corresponding interference preprocessing, which will be detailed later.

[0041] In summary, the technical solution provided in this disclosure allows the terminal to perform downlink channel measurements on a first signal and, based on this first signal, determine first information that considers the terminal's handover capability, namely, the channel measurement result and beam switching information. The channel measurement result reflects the actual performance of the terminal under different beams in the current channel environment under the influence of ICI interference. The beam switching information details the switching methods of different beams. Combining these two, the channel impact and degree caused by ICI interference under the current hardware conditions of the terminal can be comprehensively presented. Therefore, the base station can perform targeted interference preprocessing on subsequent downlink signals based on this first information. Thus, through interactive preprocessing between the terminal and the base station, the potential impact of ICI interference can be effectively avoided or mitigated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel measurement results and enhancing communication performance.

[0042] The specific content of the first information of this disclosure will be described below. The first information of this disclosure may include channel measurement results and beams, as detailed below:

[0043] Channel measurement results include: downlink channel information, which is used to determine the interference preprocessing matrix corresponding to each beam;

[0044] Beam switching information includes at least the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam.

[0045] In this disclosure, the channel measurement results are the actual performance of different beams in the current channel environment as measured by the terminal. The terminal processes this data to obtain a set of quantified data about the channel state of each beam, which may include downlink channel information. This can be understood as the channel information formed after the terminal performs a comprehensive measurement of the downlink channel. Essentially, it is the channel state information of each beam generated in a certain order by integrating at least one parameter such as the channel gain, phase change, and delay spread of different beams in the terminal's downlink channel. Furthermore, the base station can determine the anti-interference coding matrix corresponding to each beam through at least one method such as matrix operation and eigenvalue decomposition, as described in the specific embodiments.

[0046] In this disclosure, beam switching information includes at least the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam. This is because the number of sampling points is closely related to the impact of ICI interference. A consistently high number of sampling points for a beam often indicates less ICI interference caused by rapid beam switching; conversely, a consistently low number of sampling points for a beam often indicates greater ICI interference caused by rapid beam switching. After receiving the downlink signal from the base station, the terminal may miss some downlink signal sampling points due to its hardware switching capabilities, potentially missing some signal sampling moments. Consequently, the number of sampling points obtained by the terminal is less than in the absence of interference. Therefore, by clearly defining the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam and combining it with the downlink channel information of different beams in the channel measurement results, the base station can intuitively and quantitatively understand the approximate situation of ICI interference on different ports, and can more comprehensively and accurately optimize and adjust the downlink signal transmission process.

[0047] It should be noted that the first information disclosed may also include: beam index value.

[0048] In this disclosure, the first information may further include: a beam index value. The beam index value uniquely identifies different beam values, helping the base station quickly and accurately distinguish and locate the switching of different beams. When dealing with multiple beams, it can quickly and efficiently analyze and process the downlink equivalent channel after beam switching. For example, if the number of sampling points corresponding to a beam with an index value of 1 is small, and the downlink equivalent channel matrix analysis shows that the ICI interference it generates is severe, the base station can quickly adjust the beam corresponding to this index value to mitigate the impact of ICI interference associated with that beam on downlink signal transmission and ensure overall communication quality.

[0049] For example, Figure 4 shows the protocol form of the first information provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, it should be noted that the feedback information reported by existing protocols only contains the Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) (i.e., the channel measurement result of this disclosure), while the feedback information reported in the embodiment of this disclosure, i.e., the first information, includes the PMI. i In addition, it can also add and report antenna feature index (AFI) values. i (i.e., the beam index value of this disclosure) and the number of continuous sampling points L i (i.e., the beam switching information disclosed herein). In summary, the feedback information reported by the terminal in this disclosure may include PMI. i AFI i and L i .

[0050] The first signal disclosed herein includes multiple CSI-RS located in different time-domain OFDM symbols, which can acquire accurate channel state information for beamforming, interference preprocessing, etc. The following details how the terminal of this disclosure performs downlink channel measurements on the first signal (i.e., CSI-RS) from the base station, including the following method:

[0051] For any CSI-RS, channel measurements are performed within the symbol period of the CSI-RS using a single beam.

[0052] CSI-RS has not undergone interference preprocessing;

[0053] Each CSI-RS corresponds to a specific beam.

[0054] In this disclosure, the first signal sent by the base station to the terminal can be one or more CSI-RS signals. The terminal can perform channel measurement operations on any CSI-RS signal using a beam within its corresponding symbol period to accurately obtain information about the CSI-RS signal under the current channel environment. It is important to note that since each beam does not switch within the symbol period of these CSI-RS signals, these CSI-RS signals are not affected by ICI interference, and therefore interference preprocessing is unnecessary. The purpose of this design is to allow the terminal to obtain data that most closely approximates the actual channel conditions, ensuring that the first information fed back to the base station by the terminal completely and accurately reflects the true performance of different beams in the downlink channel. Subsequently, based on this first information containing the original beam channel information and the beam switching method, the base station calculates the actual downlink equivalent channel including ICI interference caused by beam switching, and performs targeted and most suitable interference preprocessing, thereby comprehensively improving the entire communication system's ability to cope with complex channel environments and ensuring communication stability and efficiency.

[0055] Specifically, when different beams exist, and the terminal uses one beam to perform measurements within the symbol period corresponding to CSI-RS, the measurement methods differ because there can be one or more symbol periods, as explained below:

[0056] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the terminal can perform channel measurement using one beam for a CSI-RS signal within one symbol period. Thus, by using multiple CSI-RS signals over multiple symbol periods, different beams can be measured. This allows for a gradual, one-to-one correspondence approach to comprehensively cover the channel conditions under different beams.

[0057] In another embodiment of this disclosure, the terminal can perform channel measurements on multiple CSI-RS signals using multiple beams within one symbol period. Thus, by performing parallel channel measurements on multiple CSI-RS signals with different beams within the same symbol period, time resources can be fully utilized, and channel state information under different combinations can be efficiently acquired.

[0058] In summary, whether the terminal adopts a measurement method that corresponds to a single CSI-RS signal and beam per symbol period, or a method that measures multiple CSI-RS signals and multiple beams in parallel within the same symbol period, the core purpose is to collect channel information in different scenarios as comprehensively and efficiently as possible, so as to accurately reflect the real status of different beams in various actual channel environments and the interference they are subjected to, and then generate first information feedback to the base station containing detailed channel measurement results and accurate beam switching information.

[0059] The following will elaborate on how, before performing channel measurement on the first signal, the terminal can also independently determine whether ICI interference has occurred. Specifically, the methods include:

[0060] Based on the upsampling factor or switching speed, determine whether inter-carrier interference (ICI) occurs;

[0061] When an ICI is determined to occur, a second piece of information is sent to the base station; the second piece of information includes at least the number of beams.

[0062] In this disclosure, the upsampling factor can be a sampling rate enhancement parameter configured by the base station for the terminal. The terminal can obtain this parameter by receiving a configuration message sent by the base station. After determining the relationship between the upsampling factor and its own switching state, the subcarrier spacing of the current channel, etc., it can be determined whether ICI has occurred. For example, if the upsampling factor is large, causing the subcarrier spacing to narrow in the frequency domain, and the terminal is in a state of frequent switching (such as switching between different frequency bands, different antenna modes, etc.), then the signal is more likely to experience energy leakage and mutual interference between the subcarriers, thus indicating that ICI has occurred.

[0063] In this disclosure, the switching speed can be the speed at which the terminal itself switches beams, and it can be determined by at least one of the following: the time interval between two adjacent beam switching operations, the switching rate, etc. Furthermore, the relationship between at least one of the time interval, switching rate, etc., and a preset threshold or preset range is determined. When the preset threshold or preset range is not met, it can be determined that an ICI (Intermittent Conversion) has occurred.

[0064] Specifically, the terminal can determine whether ICI has occurred based on the acquired upsampling factor or switching speed, as described above. When it is determined that the terminal has generated ICI, the terminal can send second information to the base station. This second information includes at least the number of beams, and its main purpose is to enable the base station to further determine whether ICI interference has occurred and to determine the number of first signals to send to the terminal based on the number of beams. Therefore, the second information can also include at least one of different specific beams, the terminal's switching sequence, etc., as long as it enables the base station to determine whether the terminal has generated ICI and to determine the number of first signals to send, it can all be used as the second information, without any specific limitations.

[0065] The following will describe the method that the terminal uses before performing channel measurement on the first signal from the base station:

[0066] Receive third information from the base station, which carries CSI-RS configuration information.

[0067] In this disclosure, after sending second information containing at least the number of beams to the base station, the terminal can receive third information from the base station, which carries CSI-RS configuration information. The terminal can then determine the time-frequency resource location (such as the time slot symbol location) it is transmitting based on the CSI-RS configuration information carried in the third information, and subsequently receive the CSI-RS signal on the corresponding time-frequency resource according to the predetermined configuration. It can then perform channel measurement on this signal to obtain the downlink equivalent channel matrix. In other words, the third information can be understood as an indication for the terminal's channel measurement; upon receiving the third information, the terminal initiates channel measurement.

[0068] The following will describe the method of the terminal of this disclosure, which includes, before performing channel measurement on the first signal from the base station:

[0069] Receive a second signal from the base station;

[0070] Within one symbol period, channel measurements of the second signal are performed using multiple beam switching methods; the second signal undergoes interference preprocessing.

[0071] In this disclosure, after the terminal uses any of the above embodiments to enable the base station to determine the anti-interference coding matrix corresponding to each beam, the terminal can also perform corresponding decoding operations on the received second signal based on the determined anti-interference coding matrix, restoring the second signal after interference preprocessing to a state closer to a clean signal, so as to perform more accurate channel measurement subsequently. Subsequently, the terminal switches different beams in an orderly manner within one symbol period according to a preset multiple beam switching strategy to complete the downlink channel measurement of different beams. Among them, the multiple beam switching strategies may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: antenna gain switching, beam pointing switching, and preset sequence switching, and are not specifically limited here. For example, using the base station on the left side of Figure 5 above, it can be seen from Figure 5 that after the base station generates the anti-interference preprocessing matrix through channel feedback, the base station can send a set of CSI-RS that has been preprocessed by ICI to obtain the actual channel information after channel expansion. Subsequently, the base station can perform at least one processing such as user scheduling, pairing, and precoding based on the CSI fed back by the terminal, and send downlink data after ICI preprocessing. For the terminal, if it receives a signal from a base station that is configured with only one set of CSI-RS (i.e., the second signal of this disclosure), and its own beam is variable (N... f If >1), it can be assumed that the base station has generated an anti-interference preprocessing matrix and the CSI-RS will undergo ICI preprocessing. The terminal will measure within the symbol period of the CSI-RS using multiple beam switching methods to obtain the actual channel after channel expansion, which facilitates the base station to perform at least one of the following processes: user scheduling, pairing, and precoding.

[0072] The following will describe the methods for communication on the base station side. These methods include:

[0073] Send the first signal to the terminal;

[0074] The system receives first information from the terminal; the first information includes: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; the first information is used to determine the downlink channel measurement based on the first signal; the channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of different beams measured by the terminal in the current channel environment.

[0075] In this disclosure, the base station first sends a first signal to the terminal, which serves as the basic data source for the terminal to perform downlink channel measurements. Subsequently, the base station receives first information from the terminal, which includes channel measurement results and beam switching information. This information is crucial for the base station to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal. Based on the received first signal, the terminal performs downlink channel measurements, analyzing the signal propagation characteristics under different channel conditions and the impact of different beams on the signal, thereby determining the channel measurement results and beam switching information, and feeding them back to the base station. After obtaining this information, the base station can assess the current channel communication quality based on the channel measurement results. For details, please refer to the above; further elaboration is omitted here.

[0076] After receiving the first information from the terminal, the communication method on the base station side also includes:

[0077] Based on the first information, interference preprocessing is performed on the third signal to obtain the second signal; the third signal is the reference signal RS.

[0078] Send a second signal to the terminal.

[0079] In this disclosure, the third signal can be a reference signal (RS), specifically, it can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: cell-specific reference signal (CRS), CSI-RS, demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), and any of the above signals can be used to measure downlink channel information.

[0080] As explained earlier, the base station can receive the first information, generate an anti-interference coding matrix tailored to the current channel environment and terminal beam, and then perform interference preprocessing on the third signal to obtain the second signal, which is then transmitted to the terminal. During this process, the base station can perform corresponding encoding conversion operations on the data bitstream in the third signal based on the generated anti-interference coding matrix. By remapping and combining the original data according to the rules specified by the matrix, information is added to enhance the signal's ability to resist various types of interference in the channel, such as multipath fading, co-channel interference, and noise interference. Furthermore, when transmitting the second signal to the terminal, the base station can comprehensively consider the time-varying characteristics of the channel in the channel measurement results, such as the channel's coherence time and coherence bandwidth, to reasonably determine at least one of the following: signal transmission power, transmission timing, and modulation method. This ensures that the signal still has sufficient strength to be accurately identified when it reaches the terminal, thereby improving the reliability and communication quality of the entire communication link. This allows information to be transmitted stably and efficiently between the base station and the terminal, meeting the communication performance requirements of different service scenarios.

[0081] The following channel measurement results, including downlink channel information and beam switching information including the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam, will be used to explain in detail how the base station uses interference preprocessing on the third signal to obtain the second signal. The methods include:

[0082] For any beam, the precoding matrix corresponding to the beam is determined based on the number of sampling points corresponding to the beam and the downlink channel information.

[0083] The third signal is preprocessed for interference using the precoding matrix corresponding to each beam to obtain the second signal.

[0084] In this disclosure, the number of sampling points corresponding to a beam is closely related to the degree of ICI interference affecting each beam. A larger number of sampling points often indicates that the beam is less affected by ICI interference; conversely, a smaller number of sampling points indicates that the beam is more affected by ICI interference. Therefore, this information on the number of sampling points related to the degree of ICI interference becomes a key basis when determining the precoding matrix corresponding to a beam. For beams that are severely affected by ICI interference, the base station will focus on using algorithms and parameter settings that can effectively suppress ICI interference during the calculation of the precoding matrix. For example, it may add certain specific compensation terms or adjust the weights of matrix elements to enhance the signal's resistance to ICI interference under that beam. Simultaneously, the precoding matrix corresponding to the beam can be obtained by combining at least one piece of information, such as channel fading characteristics, multipath effects, and correlation between signals from different paths, reflected in the downlink equivalent channel matrix, through the comprehensive application of at least one method, including matrix operations, optimization algorithms, and channel estimation.

[0085] Specifically, the base station can construct a corresponding objective function based on at least one parameter, such as channel gain or phase change, represented by each element in the downlink channel information. This objective function aims to maximize the received signal quality after channel transmission and precoding processing, while minimizing the impact of ICI interference and other channel-related interference factors on the signal. Then, the ICI interference level information reflected by the number of sampling points is incorporated into the constraints of this objective function. For example, for cases with severe ICI interference (i.e., fewer sampling points), stricter interference suppression constraints are set, requiring optimization of the objective function under these conditions to obtain an anti-interference precoding matrix. During the solution process, at least one method, such as singular value decomposition or conjugate gradient method, can be used to obtain the optimal solution. Then, using the precoding matrices corresponding to each beam, interference preprocessing is performed on the third signal. According to the signal transformation rules specified by the precoding matrix, at least one operation, such as phase adjustment or amplitude scaling, is performed on each data element in the third signal, transforming it into a more anti-interference second signal. This ensures that the third signal can better cope with various interference situations in the channel during subsequent transmission, improving the overall performance and reliability of the communication link.

[0086] The following will explain in detail how the base station obtains the precoding matrix, including the following methods:

[0087] Based on the number of beams and downlink channel information, determine the spatial channel matrix and beamforming matrix;

[0088] The channel mapping matrix is ​​determined based on the antenna switching sequence, the number of sampling points corresponding to the beam, and the downlink channel information;

[0089] The precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the spatial channel matrix, beamforming matrix, and channel mapping matrix.

[0090] In this disclosure, firstly, the base station can determine the specific spatial channel matrix and beamforming matrix based on the number of beams and the channel information that truly reflects the downlink channel. Specifically, this involves determining the number of transmit antennas and receive antennas. Different transmit antennas have different indexes, and similarly, different receive antennas have different indexes. Then, a comprehensive spatial channel matrix is ​​formed using the indexes of the different transmit antennas and the different receive antennas. For example, if the transmit antennas are indexed as 1 and 2, and the receive antennas are indexed as 3 and 4, then the spatial channel matrix is... The beamforming matrix needs to be determined based on the number of beams and adjustment parameters. For example, if the number of beams is 2, the beamforming parameters for each beam are determined accordingly. Its corresponding beamforming matrix is

[0091] Next, the base station can comprehensively consider different antenna switching sequences, downlink channel information that truly reflects the downlink channel, and sampling point information that reflects the impact of ICI interference to determine the channel mapping matrix. Specifically, the channel mapping matrix can be the product of the determined physical channel mapping matrix and the antenna port mapping matrix. The physical channel mapping matrix reflects the mapping relationship between signals in different internal physical channels. The antenna port mapping matrix focuses on the association between different antenna ports and the corresponding situation during switching. Details will be explained later with reference to specific examples.

[0092] Finally, the precoding matrix is ​​calculated by multiplying the spatial channel matrix, beamforming matrix, and channel mapping matrix through matrix operations.

[0093] Specifically, this matrix operation can satisfy the following formula:

[0094] H effec =M down ·FFT·M port ·M BF ·H·IFFT·M up

[0095] Among them, H effec M is the precoding matrix. down M is the downsampling matrix (i.e., the sampling matrix of the terminal), FFT is the Fast Fourier Transform, and M... port M is the channel mapping matrix. BF H is the beamforming matrix, H is the spatial channel matrix, IFFT is the inverse fast Fourier transform, and M is the beamforming matrix. up This is the upsampling matrix (i.e., the sampling matrix of the base station).

[0096] Specifically, M up The dimension is U s n fft N s ×n fft N s U s n is the upsampling factor. fft N is the number of FFT points in the system. s The number of transmitting antennas. Matrix M up It can be represented as:

[0097]

[0098] IFFT consists of N dimensions fft It is constructed from the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) matrix, with dimension N. fft Ns N fft =U s n fft A matrix IFFT can be represented as:

[0099]

[0100] The dimension of H is N fft M×N fft N and H can be represented as:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, h i,j Let be the fading coefficient of the spatial channel, j∈{1,...,N}, i∈{1,...,M}, and N and M be the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, respectively.

[0103] M BF The beamforming matrix for the terminal has a dimension of N. fft N R ×N fft M, N R M represents the number of physical channels at the receiving end. BF It can be represented as:

[0104]

[0105] M port This is a channel merging matrix with dimension N. fft N port ×N fft N R N port M represents the number of receive antenna ports after channel expansion. It can be obtained by multiplying the two sub-matrices. port =M padding M combine Among them, submatrix M combine and M padding These are used for physical channel mapping and antenna port mapping of the terminal, respectively, and their structure is related to the terminal beam switching rules.

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Matrix FFT consists of N dimensions fft It is constructed from the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix, with dimension N. fft N s Transforming a time-domain signal into the frequency domain, the FFT can be represented as:

[0109]

[0110] M down This is a downsampling matrix with dimension n. fft N s ×N fft N s M is used to remove the end of a frequency domain signal. down It can be represented as:

[0111]

[0112] For example, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of terminal and base station communication according to this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5, the left side is the base station and the right side is the terminal. After precoding, upsampling, resource mapping, and IFFI, the base station maps the signals to the antenna through the antenna mapping unit, and then transmits multiple signals to the base station through the antenna. By changing the phase of the analog phase shifter, the terminal can receive multiple signals from the base station with different analog beams, and sequentially perform beam changing, channel mapping, and downsampling processing, and finally complete signal recovery through equalization processing.

[0113] For example, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of downlink channel measurement provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the base station can indicate the time slot symbol position of the CSI-RS in the CSI-RS configuration information. Then, after receiving the CSI-RS configuration information from the base station, the terminal can select one of the receiving beams on the corresponding symbol within the time slot and measure the CSI-RS on that symbol for a continuous symbol period, thereby obtaining the downlink channel corresponding to that receiving beam. As shown in Figure 6, the intervals in the left-hand time slot can be the time slot symbol positions. The terminal uses an analog beam to perform channel measurements on its CSI-RS signal at the corresponding CSI-RS time slot symbol positions to obtain the corresponding downlink channel matrix.

[0114] For example, Figure 7 is a code diagram of the configuration resources provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. In existing protocols, the time-domain location of CSI-RS is represented as... in, The time-domain start position is indicated, and the protocol supports a maximum of two, namely l0 and l1, where l0 ∈ {0,...,13} and l1 ∈ {2,...,12}. To support the terminal's measurement of channel information for different beams, the base station can configure multiple CSI-RS sets within a single time slot. As shown in Figure 7, multiple CSI-RS time-domain start positions can be configured in the RRC signaling, thereby providing the terminal with more measurement resources. Specifically, the code in Figure 7 can specify the time slot start positions of multiple CSI-RS sets. The code in Figure 7 defines the CSI-RS resource mapping, specifically including five aspects: 1. Overall Structure: The code defines a structure named CSI-RS, which is defined as a (sequence) type. 2. Frequency Domain Allocation Choice: This is a selection type used to allocate CSI-RS resources in the frequency domain. 3. Number of Ports (nrof Ports): This is an enumeration type used to define the number of CSI-RS ports. 4. Code Division Multiplexing Type (cdm-Type): This is an enumeration type used to define the Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) type. 5. Density Choice: This is a structure containing multiple enumeration values.

[0115] For example, the following will describe a complete implementation of obtaining a precoding matrix when both the terminal's transmit and receive antennas have two beams. In this case, the process can be as follows:

[0116] The terminal has two types of beams for both its transmitting and receiving antennas, so its corresponding channel matrix H can be expressed as:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, h ij Let i be the transmit / receive channel, i be the beam of the transmit antenna, and j be the beam of the receive antenna.

[0119] The two analog receiving beams of the terminal are respectively and Then the beamforming matrix M BF It can be represented as:

[0120]

[0121] in, and The adjustment parameters for the two simulated beams can be obtained by adjusting the simulated phase shifter.

[0122] So,

[0123]

[0124] When the terminal switching speed is slow, each analog wave velocity lasts for two sampling points, and the channel mapping matrix M port It can be represented as:

[0125]

[0126] After matrix calculation, the final downlink equivalent matrix H is obtained. effec Represented as:

[0127]

[0128] In the obtained precoding matrix, the bolded part represents the ICI interference caused by the slow switching speed.

[0129] The following will elaborate on the methods that the base station uses before sending the first signal to the terminal:

[0130] Receive second information from the terminal; the second information includes at least: the number of beams;

[0131] When there are at least two beams, a third message is sent to the terminal.

[0132] In this disclosure, after receiving the second information from the terminal, the base station analyzes and determines the number of beams contained therein. When the number of beams is at least two, it means that the terminal has multiple different antenna operating states available for switching, which is prone to ICI interference and requires interference preprocessing. Based on this situation, the base station can send third information to the terminal, which mainly carries CSI-RS configuration information. Each CSI-RS signal can correspond to one beam. See the above for details; further explanation is omitted here.

[0133] For example, Figure 8 is a complete communication interaction diagram provided by an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 8, the method includes:

[0134] In step 801, the terminal determines whether ICI preprocessing is required based on at least one of the following: the system's upsampling factor and its own hardware switching speed.

[0135] In step 802, the terminal reports its beam number N to the base station. f (i.e., the second information disclosed herein).

[0136] In step 803, the base station obtains N f If the value is greater than 1, it is considered that an ICI preprocessing request from the terminal has been received, and N is configured in the downlink time slot. f The system sets up the CSI-RS (i.e., the first signal of this disclosure) and notifies the terminal of the CSI-RS (i.e., the third information of this disclosure) time-frequency configuration information through RRC signaling and other means.

[0137] In step 804, the terminal uses different beams to measure each group of CSI-RS to obtain channel information under a complete symbol period.

[0138] In step 805, the terminal reports the channel information (i.e., the first information of this disclosure) of different beams according to the switching order of the variable beams, and notifies the number of sampling points (i.e., the first information of this disclosure) of different beams during the switching process.

[0139] In step 806, the base station calculates the downlink equivalent channel based on the beam switching mode and channel information reported by the terminal, and generates the ICI preprocessing matrix.

[0140] In step 807, the base station sends a set of CSI-RS (i.e., the second signal of this disclosure) after ICI preprocessing to the terminal.

[0141] In step 808, the terminal feeds back the channel measurement results of this set of CSI-RS to the base station.

[0142] In step 809, the terminal uses a variable beam to receive the downlink channel.

[0143] This disclosure also provides a communication device. Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 9, the communication device 900 is applied to a terminal and includes:

[0144] Measurement unit 901 is configured to perform downlink channel measurement on a first signal from a base station;

[0145] The transmitting unit 902 is configured to transmit first information to the base station. The first information includes: channel measurement results and beam switching information. The first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal. The channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of different beams measured by the terminal in the current channel environment.

[0146] In one exemplary embodiment, the channel measurement results include: downlink channel information, which is used to determine the interference preprocessing matrix corresponding to each beam; the beam switching information includes at least: the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam.

[0147] In one exemplary embodiment, the first signal includes multiple Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS). Downlink channel measurement of the first signal includes: for any one CSI-RS, using a beam, performing channel measurement within the symbol period of the CSI-RS; the CSI-RS have not undergone interference preprocessing; each CSI-RS corresponds to a beam.

[0148] In one exemplary embodiment, before performing downlink channel measurement on the first signal, the method further includes: determining whether an ICI (Inter-Channel Interference) occurs based on an upsampling factor or a switching speed; when it is determined that an ICI has occurred, sending second information to the base station; the second information includes at least the number of beams.

[0149] In one exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: receiving third information from a base station, the third information carrying CSI-RS configuration information.

[0150] In one exemplary embodiment, after sending a first signal to a base station, the method further includes: receiving a second signal from the base station; performing channel measurements on the second signal using multiple beam switching methods within one symbol period; and subjecting the second signal to interference preprocessing.

[0151] This disclosure also provides another communication device. Figure 10 is a structural block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 10, the communication device 1000 is applied to a base station and includes:

[0152] The transmitting unit 1001 is configured to send a first signal to the terminal;

[0153] The receiving unit 1002 is configured to receive first information from the terminal; the first information includes: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; the first information is used to determine the downlink channel measurement based on the first signal; the channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of different beams measured by the terminal in the current channel environment.

[0154] In one exemplary embodiment, after receiving the first information from the terminal, the method further includes: performing interference preprocessing on the third signal based on the first information to obtain a second signal; the third signal is a reference signal RS; and sending the second signal to the terminal.

[0155] In one exemplary embodiment, the channel measurement result includes downlink channel information; the beam switching information includes the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam; based on the first information, interference preprocessing is performed on the third signal to obtain the second signal, including: for any beam, determining the precoding matrix corresponding to the beam based on the number of sampling points corresponding to the beam and the downlink channel information; using the precoding matrix corresponding to each beam to perform interference preprocessing on the third signal to obtain the second signal.

[0156] In one exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: determining a spatial channel matrix and a beamforming matrix based on the number of beams and downlink channel information; determining a channel mapping matrix based on the antenna switching sequence, the number of sampling points corresponding to the beams, and downlink channel information; and determining a precoding matrix based on the spatial channel matrix, the beamforming matrix, and the channel mapping matrix.

[0157] Figure 11 is a hardware block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The electronic device 1100 according to an embodiment of this disclosure includes at least a processor and a memory for storing computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are loaded and executed by the processor, the processor performs the communication method described in any of the preceding embodiments of this disclosure.

[0158] The electronic device 1100 shown in Figure 11 specifically includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1101, a graphics processing unit (GPU) 1102, and a memory 1103. These units are interconnected via a bus 1104. The CPU 1101 and / or GPU 1102 can function as the aforementioned processors, and the memory 1103 can function as the aforementioned memory for storing computer-readable instructions. Furthermore, the electronic device 1100 may also include a communication unit 1105, a storage unit 1106, an output unit 1107, an input unit 1108, and an external device 1109, all of which are also connected to the bus 1104.

[0159] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 12, the computer-readable storage medium 1200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure stores computer-readable instructions 1201 thereon. When the computer-readable instructions 1201 are executed by a processor, the communication method described in any of the foregoing embodiments of this disclosure with reference to the above figures is performed. The computer-readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. Non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, optical disk, magnetic disk, etc.

[0160] This disclosure further provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method described in any of the preceding embodiments of this disclosure.

[0161] The present disclosure provides a communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. The present disclosure involves performing downlink channel measurement on a first signal; sending first information to a base station, the first information including: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; the channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of different beams measured by the terminal in the current channel environment. In summary, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure allows the terminal to perform downlink channel measurement on a first signal and, based on the first signal, determine first information that considers the terminal's handover capability, namely, the channel measurement results and beam switching information. The channel measurement results reflect the actual performance of the terminal under different beams in the current channel environment under the influence of ICI interference. The beam switching information details the switching method of different beams. Combining these two, the channel impact and degree of impact caused by ICI interference under the existing hardware conditions of the terminal can be comprehensively presented. Therefore, the base station can perform targeted interference preprocessing on subsequent downlink signals based on this first information. In this way, by using interactive preprocessing between the terminal and the base station, the potential impact of ICI interference can be effectively avoided or mitigated, thereby improving the accuracy of channel measurement results and enhancing communication performance.

[0162] The various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without creating contradictions.

[0163] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method applied to a terminal, the method comprising: Perform downlink channel measurements on the first signal from the base station; Send first information to the base station, the first information including: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on downlink signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The channel measurement results include: downlink channel information, which is used to determine the interference preprocessing matrix corresponding to each beam; The beam switching information includes at least the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first signal includes multiple Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), and the downlink channel measurement of the first signal from the base station includes: For any given CSI-RS, channel measurements are performed within the symbol period of the CSI-RS using a specific beam; wherein the CSI-RS has not undergone the aforementioned interference preprocessing; and each CSI-RS corresponds to one of the aforementioned beams.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Before performing downlink channel measurement on the first signal from the base station, the method further includes: Based on the upsampling factor or switching speed, determine whether inter-carrier interference (ICI) occurs; When the ICI is determined to occur, a second piece of information is sent to the base station; the second piece of information includes at least the number of beams.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Before performing downlink channel measurement on the first signal from the base station, the method further includes: Receive third information from the base station, the third information carrying CSI-RS configuration information.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, After sending the first information to the base station, the method further includes: Receive a second signal from the base station; Within one symbol period, channel measurements are performed on the second signal using multiple beam switching methods; the second signal undergoes the aforementioned interference preprocessing.

7. A communication method applied to a base station, the method comprising: Send the first signal to the terminal; Receive first information from the terminal; The first information includes: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; the first information is used to determine the downlink channel based on the first signal.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, After receiving the first information from the terminal, the method further includes: Based on the first information, interference preprocessing is performed on the third signal to obtain the second signal; the third signal is the reference signal RS. The second signal is sent to the terminal.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The channel measurement results include: downlink channel information; the beam switching information includes the number of sampling points corresponding to each beam; the interference preprocessing of the third signal based on the first information to obtain the second signal includes: For any beam, the precoding matrix corresponding to the beam is determined based on the number of sampling points corresponding to the beam and the downlink channel information; The third signal is subjected to interference preprocessing using the precoding matrix corresponding to each beam to obtain the second signal.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The step of determining the precoding matrix corresponding to the beam based on the number of sampling points corresponding to the beam and the downlink channel information includes: Based on the number of beams and the downlink channel information, the spatial channel matrix and beamforming matrix are determined. Based on the antenna switching sequence, the number of sampling points corresponding to the beam, and the downlink channel information, the channel mapping matrix is ​​determined; The precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the spatial channel matrix, the beamforming matrix, and the channel mapping matrix.

11. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Before sending the first signal to the terminal, the method further includes: Receive second information from the terminal; the second information includes at least: the number of beams; When the number of beams is at least two, third information is sent to the terminal.

12. A communication device applied to a terminal, the device comprising: The measurement unit is configured to perform downlink channel measurements on a first signal from the base station. The transmitting unit is configured to transmit first information to the base station, the first information including: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on downlink signals.

13. A communication device applied to a base station, the device comprising: The transmitting unit is configured to send a first signal to the terminal; The receiving unit is configured to receive first information from the terminal. The first information includes: channel measurement results and beam switching information; wherein, the first information is used to perform interference preprocessing on the downlink signal; the first information is used to determine the downlink channel based on the first signal.

14. An electronic device, comprising: Memory configured to store computer-readable instructions; as well as A processor configured to execute the computer-readable instructions, causing the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-11.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured to store computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-11.

16. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-11.

Images