Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method supports IEEE protocols, such as the 802.11be / Wi-Fi 7 / Wi-Fi 8 protocol, the IEEE 802.11bf / sensing protocol, or the IEEE 802.15 / UWB protocol. The method can also support the SparkLink protocol. The method may be applied to scenarios including backscatter devices, that is, backscatter communication scenarios. The method comprises: acquiring a synchronization sequence, wherein the synchronization sequence is used for synchronization, the synchronization sequence is a sequence comprising k symbols, at least h consecutive symbols in the synchronization sequence are symbol "1" or symbol "0", the last two symbols in the synchronization sequence are symbol "10" or symbol "01", symbol "10" and symbol "01" represent different binary numbers, k is an integer less than 16, and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3; the sending the synchronization sequence. The synchronization duration can be reduced.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to communication methods and communication devices. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of IoT devices, wearables, and smart sensors in modern technology, the demand for low-power, long-lasting energy supplies has become particularly important. However, traditional energy solutions, such as battery power or direct grid connection, face challenges such as limited battery life, high maintenance costs, and environmental issues. Ambient power (AMP) devices can harvest and convert energy from the environment. By capturing energy in the form of radio frequency signals, light, heat, or mechanical vibrations from the environment, AMP devices provide stable power support for IoT devices, especially suitable for low-power communication.

[0003] The core advantages of AMP-based IoT lie in its long-term operational capability and significantly reduced maintenance costs, making it suitable for deployment in fields such as industrial monitoring, smart cities, and environmental monitoring. Based on whether the station (STA) has the ability to actively transmit radio frequency signals, current STAs can be divided into active transmitters and backscatterers. Backscatterers have simple circuitry and require only a small amount of energy to modulate the reflected signal.

[0004] Due to the limitations of backscattering devices, reducing synchronization time is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application discloses a communication method and a communication device that can reduce synchronization time.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method applied to a first station. This method is implemented by the first station or a component on the first station side, and the following description uses the implementation by the first station as an example. The first station is an access point (AP) or a non-AP STA. The method includes: the first station acquiring a synchronization sequence, the synchronization sequence being used for synchronization, the synchronization sequence being a sequence including k symbols, where at least h consecutive symbols are symbol "1" or symbol "0", and the last two symbols in the synchronization sequence are symbol "10" or symbol "01", symbol "10" and symbol "01" representing different binary numbers, k being an integer less than 16, and h being an integer greater than or equal to 3; and transmitting the synchronization sequence. k is an integer greater than or equal to 4. Optionally, k is less than or equal to 8. In this application, a symbol is a high-level or low-level pulse of one unit time length. Alternatively, a symbol is a high-level pulse or low-level pulse of one unit time length. The length of a symbol in the time domain, i.e., the duration corresponding to one symbol, is one unit time length. The unit time length is 1 microsecond (µs), but other time lengths are not limited in this application. In this application, the duration corresponding to symbol "1" and symbol "0" is equal. One symbol is symbol "1" or symbol "0". Or, symbol "1" is one symbol, and symbol "0" is one symbol. Symbol "10" is two symbols, and symbol "01" is two symbols. The length of the synchronization sequence in the time domain, that is, the duration corresponding to the synchronization sequence, is k units of time. The synchronization sequence is a signal with a length of k units of time in the time domain. In one existing scheme, the synchronization sequence sent by the station is a sequence including 16 symbols, and the duration corresponding to this synchronization sequence is 16 units of time.

[0007] An equivalent description of this method is as follows: The first station acquires a synchronization sequence for synchronization. The synchronization sequence consists of k levels, with at least h consecutive levels being either high or low. The last two levels in the synchronization sequence are different, i.e., one is high and the other is low. The last two levels represent binary 1 or binary 0, where k is an integer less than 16 and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The synchronization sequence is then transmitted. Optionally, the length of each level is a unit time length. Optionally, k is less than or equal to 8.

[0008] In the first aspect of the method, the synchronization sequence sent by the first station is a sequence including k symbols, which reduces the synchronization time compared to the existing scheme that sends a synchronization sequence including 16 symbols. Furthermore, since the synchronization sequence sent by the first station includes fewer symbols than the synchronization sequence sent by the existing scheme, power consumption can also be reduced.

[0009] Secondly, this application provides another communication method applied to a second station. This method is implemented by the second station or a component on the second station side. The following description uses the implementation by the second station as an example. The second station is an AP or a non-AP STA. The method includes: the second station receiving a synchronization sequence, used for synchronization. The synchronization sequence is a sequence including k symbols, where at least h consecutive symbols are either symbol "1" or symbol "0". Symbol "1" represents a high level per unit time length, and symbol "0" represents a low level per unit time length. The last two symbols in the synchronization sequence are either symbol "10" or symbol "01". Symbol "10" in the data part represents the binary number 0, and symbol "01" in the data part represents the binary number 1. k is an integer less than 16, and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3. Synchronization is then performed according to the synchronization sequence.

[0010] In the second aspect of the method, the second station synchronizes according to a synchronization sequence comprising k symbols, which reduces the synchronization time compared to the existing synchronization sequence comprising 16 symbols. Furthermore, since the synchronization sequence received by the second station includes fewer symbols than the synchronization sequence received by the existing scheme, power consumption is also reduced.

[0011] In one possible design of the second aspect, receiving the synchronization sequence includes: a second station detecting the received synchronization sequence through envelope detection. The circuit is simple and suitable for stations that do not support other detection of the synchronization sequence.

[0012] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, symbol "1" is a high level for a unit time length and symbol "0" is a low level for a unit time length; or, symbol "1" is a low level for a unit time length and symbol "0" is a high level for a unit time length.

[0013] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, the symbol "10" represents the binary number 0, and the symbol "01" represents the binary number 1; or, the symbol "10" represents the binary number 1, and the symbol "01" represents the binary number 0.

[0014] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 4 and h is 3; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0015] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is either of the following: [1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,1].

[0016] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 5 and h is 3; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0017] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0], [1,0,0,0,1]. In this application, the description uses the symbol "1" as a high level per unit time and the symbol "0" as a low level per unit time. That is, the symbol "1" in the synchronization sequence can be described as a high level, and the symbol "0" in the synchronization sequence can be described as a low level. As an example, the synchronization sequence [1,1,1,0,1] can be described as [high level, high level, high level, low level, high level], or it can be described as [high, high, high, low, high], where high represents a high level and low represents a low level. It should be understood that any synchronization sequence in this application can be described as a sequence including k levels.

[0018] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 6 and h is 3; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0019] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0,1]; [1,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0], [1,0,1,1,1,0], [1,1,0,0,0,1], [0,1,0,0,0,1].

[0020] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 6 and h is 4; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0021] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1].

[0022] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 7 and h is 3; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0023] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,0,1]; [ 1,1,1,0,1,0,1];[1,1,1,1,0,0,1];[1,1,1,1,1,0,1];[0,0,1,1,1,0,1];[0,1,1,1,1,0,1];[1,0,1,1,1,0,1];[0,1,1,1,0,1,0];[0,1,1,1,0,0,1];[0,0,0,0,0,1,0];[0,0,0,0,1,1,0];[ [0,0,0,1,0,1,0];[0,0,0,1,1,1,0];[0,1,0,0,0,1,0];[1,0,0,0,0,1,0];[1,1,0,0,0,1,0];[0,0,0,0,0,0,1];[0,0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,1,0,1];[0,1,0,0,0,0,1]; [1,0,0,0,0,0,1];[1,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,1,0];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,0,1,1,1,0],[1,1,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0,0,0,1],[0,0,1,0,0,0,1],[1,0,1,0,0,0,1].

[0024] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 7 and h is 4; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0025] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0,1]; [1,0,0,0,0,0,1].

[0026] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 7 and h is 5; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0027] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,0,1].

[0028] In one possible design of either the first or second aspect, k is 8 and h is 4, 5, or 6; this can reduce the synchronization time.

[0029] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the method is applied to a scenario including a backscattering device. For example, the first station is a backscattering device, or in other words, the first station does not support actively transmitting signals, such as synchronization sequences. For example, the first station is an access point (AP), and transmitting a synchronization sequence by the first station could be: the first station transmitting a synchronization sequence to the backscattering device.

[0030] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the method is applied to the AP, or in other words, the first site is the AP.

[0031] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the method is applied to a STA that supports backscattering, or in other words, the first station is a STA that supports backscattering, and the method further includes: the first station receiving an excitation signal; transmitting a synchronization sequence, including: transmitting the synchronization sequence based on the excitation signal.

[0032] In one possible design of the first or second aspect, the method is applied to a STA that supports active transmission, or in other words, the first station is a STA that supports active transmission. For example, a STA that supports active transmission does not receive an excitation signal but transmits a synchronization sequence based on a carrier signal it generates itself. In this application, active transmission refers to transmitting a signal generated based on a carrier signal it generates itself.

[0033] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide another communication device that has the function of implementing the behavior described in the first aspect of the method embodiments. This communication device can be a communication equipment, a component of a communication equipment (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the communication equipment. The function of the communication device can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software, the hardware or software including one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions. In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a transceiver module and a processing module, wherein: the processing module is used to acquire a synchronization sequence, the synchronization sequence being used for synchronization, the synchronization sequence being a sequence including k code elements, at least h consecutive code elements in the synchronization sequence being code element "1" or code element "0", the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence being code element "10" or code element "01", code element "10" and code element "01" representing different binary numbers, k being an integer less than 16, and h being an integer greater than or equal to 3; the transceiver module is used to transmit the synchronization sequence.

[0034] For possible implementations of the communication device in the third aspect, please refer to the various possible implementations in the first aspect.

[0035] For the technical effects of the various possible implementations of the third aspect, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide another communication device that has the function of implementing the behavior described in the second aspect of the method embodiments. This communication device may be a communication equipment, a component of a communication equipment (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the communication equipment. It may also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software, the hardware or software including one or more modules or units corresponding to the above-described functions. In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a transceiver module and a processing module, wherein: the transceiver module is used to receive a synchronization sequence, the synchronization sequence being used for synchronization, the synchronization sequence being a sequence including k code elements, wherein at least h consecutive code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "1" or code element "0", code element "1" is a high level per unit time length, code element "0" is a low level per unit time length, the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "10" or code element "01", code element "10" in the data part represents the binary number 0, code element "01" in the data part represents the binary number 1, k is an integer less than 16, and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3; the processing module is used to perform synchronization according to the synchronization sequence.

[0037] In one possible design, the transceiver module is specifically used to detect the received synchronization sequence through envelope detection.

[0038] For possible implementations of the communication device in the fourth aspect, please refer to the various possible implementations in the second aspect.

[0039] For the technical effects of the various possible implementations of the fourth aspect, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0040] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide another communication device, which includes one or more processors for processing data and / or signaling to cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect above.

[0041] Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory that stores computer programs or instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect above. For example, the communication device may be a chip, the processor may be a processing unit within the chip, and the memory may be a random access memory or cache within the chip.

[0042] In this embodiment of the application, during the execution of the above method, the process of sending information (or signals) can be understood as a process of outputting information based on a computer program or instruction of the processor. When outputting information, the processor outputs the information to the transceiver so that the transceiver can transmit it. After being output by the processor, the information may undergo further processing before reaching the transceiver. Similarly, when the processor receives input information, the transceiver receives the information and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the information, the information may undergo further processing before being input into the processor.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, or unless it contradicts its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the sending and / or receiving operations involved by the processor can generally be understood as processor-based computer program or instruction output.

[0044] In implementation, the processor described above can be a processor specifically designed to execute these methods, or it can be a processor that executes computer programs or instructions stored in memory to execute these methods, such as a general-purpose processor. For example, the processor can also be used to execute programs stored in memory, which, when executed, cause the communication device to perform the methods as shown in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned communication device. In another possible implementation, the memory is located inside the aforementioned communication device.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the processor and memory may be integrated into a single device; that is, the processor and memory may be integrated together.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a transceiver for receiving or transmitting signals, etc.

[0048] In a sixth aspect, this application provides another communication device, which includes a processing circuit and an interface circuit, the interface circuit being used to acquire or output data; the processing circuit being used to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect above.

[0049] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect above. For example, the computer is a website.

[0050] Eighthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect above. For example, the computer is a website.

[0051] Ninthly, this application provides a chip, including a communication interface and a processor; the communication interface is used for signal transmission and reception of the chip; the processor is used to execute computer programs or instructions, causing a communication device including the chip to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication system;

[0053] Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of a network device sending downlink signals to a tag device;

[0054] Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the tag device sending an uplink reflected signal to the network device;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another backscatter communication system;

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of Manchester encoding;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a network structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of the device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are only used to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order. It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0063] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. In this application, message names are used only to distinguish different messages and should not be construed as limiting. That is, any message name in this application can be replaced with other names, and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0064] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items. For example, “A and / or B” can mean: the presence of only A, the presence of only B, and the presence of both A and B, where A and B can be singular or plural. The term “multiple” as used in this application refers to two or more. In the textual description of this application, the character “ / ” generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an “or” relationship.

[0065] It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that there is a correspondence between A and B, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining (or generating) B based on (or on) A does not mean that B is determined (or generated) solely based on (or on) A; B can also be determined (or generated) based on (or on) A and / or other information.

[0066] It should be understood that in this application, information C is used to determine information D, including both situations where information D is determined solely based on information C and situations where it is determined based on information C and other information. Furthermore, information C can also be used to determine information D indirectly, for example, where information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0067] In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between a first node and a second node, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, trace, or interface.

[0068] The technical solutions of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0069] To facilitate understanding of the detailed implementation of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are described below. These explanations are intended to make the embodiments of this application easier to understand and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0070] 1) Backscattering Communication System: Backscattering communication, also known as back reflection communication, reflection communication, passive communication, passive communication, or ambient communication, can also be called ambient power (AMP) communication system.

[0071] In one implementation, the backscatter communication system includes a tag device and a network device (hereinafter referred to as the network device) that provides radio frequency signals (or excitation signals) to the tag device. The tag device can be called a backscattering device. This type of backscatter communication system can be called a two-point system, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication system. As an example, the tag device is a STA that supports backscattering, i.e., an AMP STA, and the network device is an AMP AP capable of actively transmitting radio frequency signals. Based on whether the AMP STA has the ability to actively transmit radio frequency signals, or in other words, based on whether the AMP STA supports active transmission, AMP STAs can be divided into two main categories: active transmitting devices and backscattering devices. Backscattering devices can be further divided into backscattering devices supporting short-range communication and backscattering devices supporting longer-range communication. For short-range backscattering, the AMP AP and AMP charger are integrated on the same device. For longer-range backscattering, the AMP AP and AMP charger are independent devices that can communicate with each other via wired or wireless means. Figure 1 can be considered a schematic diagram of short-range backscattering. The characteristics of short-range backscatter are as follows: the tag device can operate in the 2.4G band or the Sub1G band; the tag device adopts single-site backscatter and full-duplex mode; the network device has two antennas, one of which transmits the excitation signal required for backscatter, and the other antenna receives the backscattered signal.

[0072] Network devices can send downlink information to tag devices. For example, a network device sends a downlink carrier signal, which carries information to be sent to the tag device, i.e., downlink information.

[0073] For example, the downlink carrier signal sent by the network device is c(t), the downlink information is s(t), and the downlink signal sent by the network device to the tag device is x(t) = c(t) × s(t). Taking binary on-off keying (OOK) modulation as an example, the downlink carrier signal sent by the network device is a sine wave, the downlink information is

[0101] , and the downlink signal sent by the network device to the tag device can be seen in Figure 1a.

[0074] The tag device can send uplink information to the network device. For example, when receiving downlink information, it feeds back uplink information to the network device. The tag device does not contain a radio frequency link and cannot actively send information, that is, it does not support active transmission. The tag device can send uplink information to the network device through the downlink excitation signal sent by the network device.

[0075] Exemplarily, the downlink excitation signal sent by the network device is c(t), the uplink information is s(t), and the tag device sends s(t) by changing the matching state of the antenna. The sent uplink reflection signal is x(t) = c(t) × s(t). Taking OOK modulation as an example, the tag device sends '1' or '0' by changing the impedance matching state of the antenna. The impedance matching state being the On state means sending '1'; the impedance matching state being the Off state means sending '0', as can be seen in Figure 1b. Here, the On state means the antenna is in the reflection state, and the Off state means the antenna is in the absorption state.

[0076] In one implementation, the backscatter communication system includes a tag device, a network device, and an AMP energizer. The backscatter communication system in this way can be called a three-point system. The three-point system can be seen in Figure 2. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another backscatter communication system. As an example, the tag device is an AMP STA, the network device is an AMP AP with the ability to actively transmit radio frequency signals, and the AMP energizer provides an excitation signal for the tag device. The AMP energizer can be powered by a battery and can generate and transmit radio frequency signals by itself, that is, the excitation signal. The AMP energizer can be a traditional active device. Figure 2 can be regarded as a schematic diagram of long-distance backscattering. The characteristics of long-distance backscattering are as follows: The tag device can operate in the 2.4G frequency band or the Sub1G frequency band; the tag device uses bistatic backscattering and a half-duplex mode; the AMP energizer, that is, the excitation source, is a physically independent node.

[0077] In the three-point system, an example of the backscatter communication process is as follows: The network device sends a control signal to the AMP energizer. After receiving the control signal, the AMP energizer transmits an excitation signal to wake up the tag device. The network device generates a downlink signal and sends it to the tag device after Manchester coding and OOK modulation.

[0078] For the backscatter situation, the received signal of the network device includes three parts: the leakage signal, that is, the interference signal of the excitation source to the network device; the backscatter signal, that is, the useful signal sent by the tag device to the network device; and noise.

[0079] 2) Modulation method: In this application, the modulation method may include, but is not limited to, OOK modulation, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulation or other higher-order modulation methods.

[0080] Assuming the received signal is x and the reflected signal is y, the relationship between them can be expressed as y = Γ*x. Here, Γ represents the reflection coefficient, which can be expressed as: Among them, Z a This indicates the impedance of the antenna, typically 50 ohms. Z represents a The conjugate of Z; i This represents the matching impedance in the i-th state. For example, the tag device uses OOK modulation to transmit uplink information, and Z in the reflection coefficient... i It can be Z1 or Z2. When the tag device sends '0', the reflection coefficient is selected to be 0 (e.g., Z1), the energy of the downlink excitation signal is absorbed, and no signal is transmitted. The antenna impedance matching state is Off. When the tag device sends '1', the reflection coefficient is selected to be non-zero (e.g., Z2), the energy of the downlink excitation signal is reflected, and a signal is transmitted. The antenna impedance matching state is On.

[0081] 3) Manchester Encoding: Manchester encoding, also known as split-phase encoding or bidirectional encoding, is an encoding method that uses level transitions to represent 1 or 0. Manchester encoding, which encodes binary numbers 0 or 1, consists of two code elements. The duration of each code element (or level) is called the chip duration, which is one unit of time.

[0082] As an example, the rules of Manchester encoding are as follows: a high-level pulse of one unit length represents the symbol "1", and a low-level pulse of one unit length represents the symbol "0"; two symbols "10" represent binary 0, and two symbols "01" represent binary 1, or two symbols "10" represent binary 1, and two symbols "01" represent binary 0. When using a high-level pulse of one unit length to represent symbol "1" and a low-level pulse of one unit length to represent symbol "0", let's take the example of using two symbols "10" to represent binary 0 and two symbols "01" to represent binary 1. Alternatively, when the sending end transmits data, using Manchester encoding to encode the binary number 0 in the data yields two code symbols "10", representing a high level and a low level for one unit of time, with the high level preceding the low level. Similarly, using Manchester encoding to encode the binary number 1 in the data yields two code symbols "01", representing a low level and a high level for one unit of time, with the low level preceding the high level. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of Manchester encoding. As shown in Figure 3, the binary number 0 is encoded into two code symbols "10" by Manchester encoding, representing a high level and a low level for one unit of time; the binary number 1 is encoded into two code symbols "01", representing a low level and a high level for one unit of time.

[0083] As another example, the rules of Manchester encoding are as follows: a high-level pulse of one unit length represents the symbol "0", and a low-level pulse of one unit length represents the symbol "1"; two symbols "10" represent binary 0, and two symbols "01" represent binary 1, or two symbols "10" represent binary 1, and two symbols "01" represent binary 0. When using a high-level pulse of one unit length to represent symbol "0" and a low-level pulse of one unit length to represent symbol "1", let's take the example of using two symbols "10" to represent binary 1 and two symbols "01" to represent binary 0. Alternatively, when the sending end transmits data, using Manchester encoding to encode the binary number 0 in the data yields two code symbols "01", representing a high level and a low level for one unit of time, with the high level preceding the low level. Similarly, using Manchester encoding to encode the binary number 1 in the data yields two code symbols "10", representing a low level and a high level for one unit of time, with the low level preceding the high level. As shown in Figure 3, the binary number 0, after Manchester encoding, becomes two code symbols "01", representing a high level and a low level for one unit of time; the binary number 1, after Manchester encoding, becomes two code symbols "10", representing a low level and a high level for one unit of time.

[0084] The following uses Figure 4 as an example to illustrate the network structure to which the communication method provided in this application is applicable. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a network structure provided in an embodiment of this application. This network structure may include one or more AP-type stations and one or more non-access point stations (non-AP STAs). For ease of description, AP-type stations are referred to as access points (APs), and non-access point stations are referred to as stations (STAs). Figure 4 illustrates this network structure as including one AP and six stations (STA 1, STA 2, STA 3, STA 4, STA 5, STA 6).

[0085] Access points are points through which terminal devices (such as mobile phones) access wired (or wireless) networks. They are primarily deployed in homes, buildings, and campuses, with a typical coverage radius of tens to hundreds of meters. They can also be deployed outdoors. An access point acts as a bridge between wired and wireless networks, connecting various wireless network clients and then connecting the wireless network to the Ethernet. Specifically, access points can be terminal devices (such as mobile phones) or network devices (such as routers) equipped with wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) chips. Access points can be devices supporting the 802.11be standard. They can also be devices supporting various wireless local area network (WLAN) standards from the 802.11 family, such as 802.11bp, 802.11bn, 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a. The access point in this application may be an AMP AP, a high efficient (HE) AP, or an extrameally high throughput (EHT) AP, or an access point that is compatible with a future generation of Wi-Fi standards.

[0086] An access point can be a complete device, or it can be a chip or processing system installed within a complete device. Devices with these chips or processing systems installed can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application under the control of the chip or processing system (i.e., the AP). The AP in the embodiments of this application is a device that provides services to non-AP STAs, and for example, it can support one or more standards in the IEEE 802.11 series, such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be, 802.11ad, 802.11ay, 802.11bf, and 802.11bn.

[0087] Specifically, the access point can be a terminal or network device with a Wi-Fi chip. This network device can be a server, router, switch, bridge, computer, mobile phone, relay station, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, network device in a 5G network, network device in a 6G network, or network device in a public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and this application embodiment is not limited to these. Of course, the access point can also be the chip and processing system within these various forms of network devices, thereby implementing the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The access point can be a device that supports Wi-Fi standards. For example, the access point can also support one or more standards in the IEEE 802.11 series, such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be, 802.11ad, 802.11ay, 802.11bf, and 802.11bn.

[0088] A site is a device with wireless communication capabilities, supporting communication via the WLAN protocol and having the ability to communicate with other non-AP STAs or access points in a WLAN network. For example, a site is any communication device that allows a user to communicate with an AP and thus with the WLAN. A site can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal, and can also be referred to as a user. For example, a site can be a mobile phone supporting Wi-Fi communication, a tablet computer supporting Wi-Fi communication, a set-top box supporting Wi-Fi communication, a smart TV supporting Wi-Fi communication, a smart wearable device supporting Wi-Fi communication, an in-vehicle communication device supporting Wi-Fi communication, a computer supporting Wi-Fi communication, a tag supporting Wi-Fi communication, a sensor supporting Wi-Fi communication, etc. Optionally, the site can support various WLAN standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11bp, 802.11bn, 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.

[0089] A site can be a complete device, or it can be a chip or processing system installed in a complete device. Devices with these chips or processing systems installed can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application under the control of the chips or processing systems. A non-AP STA can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal, and can also be referred to as a user, user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device.

[0090] Sites may include tag devices / smart tag devices, mobile phones, mobile stations (MS), tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities (e.g., laptops), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, subscriber units, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, wireless data cards, personal digital assistant (PDA) computers, tablet computers, laptop computers, machine type communication (MTC) terminals, etc. The non-AP STA can include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, terminal devices in 5G networks, terminal devices in 6G networks, or terminal devices in PLMNs, etc., and this application embodiment is not limited thereto. The non-AP STA can be a device that supports WLAN standards. For example, the non-AP STA can support one or more standards of the IEEE 802.11 series, such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be, 802.11ad, 802.11ay, and 802.11bf.

[0091] The access point in this application can be a high efficient (HE) STA that supports AMP or an extremely high throughput (EHT) STA that supports AMP, or it can be a STA that supports AMP and is compatible with a future generation of Wi-Fi standards.

[0092] For example, access points and sites can be devices used in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), IoT nodes and sensors in the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cameras, smart remote controls, smart water and electricity meters in smart homes, and sensors in smart cities.

[0093] An AP can be a multi-link device (MLD). A site can be an MLD. An MLD is a device that supports (has) multi-link simultaneous transmission. In other words, an MLD has the ability to establish multiple links simultaneously. In this application embodiment, a device that simultaneously supports multiple links and supports the IEEE 802.11 standard is referred to as an MLD. In the IEEE 802.11be (Wi-Fi 7) standard, an MLD can use multiple links simultaneously. An MLD can be an access point MLD (AP MLD) or a non-AP MLD. It should be noted that the above-mentioned names of multi-link devices are just examples and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of this application. For example, an AP MLD can also be called a multi-link AP. A non-AP MLD can also be called a STA MLD. With the development of communication technology, AP MLD or non-AP MLD can also have other names, which will not be listed here. An MLD can include multiple affiliated sites. Each affiliated site has its own media access control (MAC) address. Each auxiliary site's MAC address can be referred to as a low-level MAC address. A MLD has an upper-level MAC address. Auxiliary sites in an AP MLD are called APs. Auxiliary sites in a non-AP MLD are called STAs. The operating frequency band of an MLD can be, for example, all or part of 2.4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz, and the high-frequency 60GHz. For instance, different APs in an AP MLD operate on different frequency bands, and different STAs in a non-AP MLD operate on different frequency bands. AP MLDs and non-AP MLDs can establish multi-link connections through signaling exchange on any link.

[0094] This application primarily uses the deployment of a WLAN network, particularly one employing the IEEE 802.11 system standard, as an example for illustration. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the various aspects described in this application can be extended to other networks employing various standards or protocols, such as high-performance radio local area networks (HIPERLANs), wireless wide area networks (WWANs), wireless personal area networks (WPANs), or other networks now known or developed in the future. Therefore, regardless of the coverage area and wireless access protocol used, the various aspects provided in this application can be applied to any suitable wireless network.

[0095] The preceding text introduced some technical terms and concepts involved in the embodiments of this application, as well as the network architecture to which the communication method provided by this application is applicable. The following text introduces the technical background involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0096] The current 802.11bp standard is still under discussion, but it has been determined that Manchester coding and OOK modulation will be used for uplink and downlink communication of backscatter devices. Currently, the shortest synchronization sequence for AMP STA transmission and reception using Manchester coding is a sequence of 16 symbols, each symbol representing a level of one unit of time. That is, the duration of the shortest synchronization sequence for AMP STA transmission and reception using Manchester coding is currently 16 units of time. When the duration of the synchronization sequence for AMP STA transmission and reception is greater than or equal to 16 units of time, the synchronization time of the AMP STA is relatively long, severely affecting the performance of backscatter transmission. Due to the limitations of backscatter devices, how to reduce the synchronization time is an urgent problem to be solved. To this end, this application designs a synchronization sequence consisting of k symbols, where k is an integer less than 16. Since the synchronization sequence provided in this application is shorter than the current shortest synchronization sequence, AMP STAs can reduce the synchronization time when transmitting and receiving the synchronization sequence provided in this application compared to transmitting and receiving a synchronization sequence consisting of 16 symbols. Furthermore, the AMP STA's transmission and reception of the synchronization sequence provided in this application can reduce power consumption compared to transmitting and receiving a synchronization sequence including 16 symbols. The communication method provided in this application is a scheme for an AP or AMP STA to transmit and receive the synchronization sequence provided in this application.

[0097] The communication method provided in this application is described below with reference to Figure 5.

[0098] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. In the method flowchart of Figure 5, the first station is a sending station, that is, a station that sends a synchronization sequence, and the second station is a receiving station, that is, a station that receives a synchronization sequence. In this application, the operation performed by the sending station (i.e., the first station) can be implemented by the sending station or a component in the sending station, and the following description uses the sending station as an example; the operation performed by the receiving station (i.e., the second station) can be implemented by the receiving station or a component in the receiving station, and the following description uses the receiving station as an example. The method flowchart of Figure 5 is applicable to scenarios containing a backscattering device. As shown in Figure 5, the method includes:

[0099] 501. The first station obtains the synchronization sequence.

[0100] The first station is an AP, AMP STA, or AMP charger. A synchronization sequence is used for synchronization; the synchronization sequence is a sequence comprising k symbols. k is an integer less than 16. Optionally, k is less than or equal to 8. At least h consecutive symbols in the synchronization sequence are symbol "1" or symbol "0". h is an integer greater than or equal to 3. In this application, a symbol is a high or low level for one unit of time. The unit of time is 1 microsecond (µs), but other time lengths are not limited in this application. Alternatively, a symbol is a high or low pulse for one unit of time. A symbol is symbol "1" or symbol "0". Or, symbol "1" is one symbol, and symbol "0" is one symbol. Symbol "10" is two symbols, and symbol "01" is two symbols. As an example, symbol "1" is a high level for one unit of time, and symbol "0" is a low level for one unit of time. As another example, symbol "1" represents a low level per unit time length, and symbol "0" represents a high level per unit time length. The length of a symbol in the time domain, i.e., the duration corresponding to one symbol, is one unit time length. The duration corresponding to both symbol "1" and symbol "0" is one unit time length. The length of the synchronization sequence in the time domain, i.e., the duration corresponding to the synchronization sequence, is k units of time length. The last two symbols in the synchronization sequence are symbol "10" or symbol "01". Symbol "10" and symbol "01" represent different binary numbers. In one possible design, symbol "10" represents binary number 0, and symbol "01" represents binary number 1. In another possible design, symbol "10" represents binary number 1, and symbol "01" represents binary number 0.

[0101] As an example, the first station is an AP or AMP charger. An example of the first station acquiring and transmitting the synchronization sequence is as follows: The first station encodes the data to be transmitted, modulates the synchronization sequence and the encoded data onto a radio frequency carrier, and transmits it through an antenna. The synchronization sequence is appended to the data after the number. Taking OOK modulation as an example, the antenna transmitting a carrier signal indicates the transmission of symbol "1"; the antenna turning off the carrier signal indicates the transmission of symbol "0".

[0102] As another example, the first station is an AMP STA. An example of the first station acquiring and transmitting the synchronization sequence is as follows: The first station encodes the data information to be transmitted; the first station receives an excitation signal; based on the excitation signal, it transmits the synchronization sequence and the encoded data information, where the synchronization sequence is appended to the numbered data information. For example, the first station transmits the synchronization sequence by changing the impedance matching state of the antenna to transmit or absorb the excitation signal. Taking OOK modulation as an example, the first station transmits symbol '1' or symbol '0' by changing the impedance matching state of the antenna. An impedance matching state of On indicates the transmission of symbol '1'; an impedance matching state of Off indicates the transmission of symbol '0', as shown in Figure 1b. Here, the On state indicates that the antenna is in a reflection state, and the Off state indicates that the antenna is in an absorption state.

[0103] 502. The first station sends the synchronization sequence.

[0104] Correspondingly, the second station receives the synchronization sequence. The second station can detect the received synchronization sequence through envelope detection, correlation detection, or other methods; this application does not limit this. As an example, the second station is an AMP STA that only supports envelope detection of the synchronization sequence, resulting in a simple circuit and low cost. The second station can be an AP or an AMP STA. As another example, the synchronization sequence is a downlink signal, the first station is an AP, and the second station is an AMP STA. As yet another example, the synchronization sequence is an uplink signal, the first station is an AMP STA, and the second station is an AP.

[0105] As an example, the first station is the AP. The first station can send the synchronization sequence directly, which is a sequence including k symbols; or it can send a signal modulated by the synchronization sequence.

[0106] In one possible design, the physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmitted by the AP or AMP STA comprises two parts: the first part is a Wi-Fi preamble, used to provide coexistence and compatibility with traditional Wi-Fi devices; the second part includes a synchronization symbol and a carrier signal (which may be referred to as a carrier symbol) / data information (which may be referred to as a data symbol). The synchronization sequence in this application is the synchronization sequence corresponding to the synchronization symbol in the PPDU transmitted by the AP or AMP STA. The first station transmitting the synchronization sequence can be as follows: the first station transmits a first PPDU containing a Wi-Fi preamble, a synchronization sequence, and a carrier signal / data information. The data information in the first PPDU can be obtained using Manchester encoding.

[0107] In another possible design, the PPDU transmitted by the AP or AMP STA only includes the synchronization symbol and carrier signal / data information, i.e., it does not include the Wi-Fi preamble. For APs or AMP STAs operating in the Sub-1GHz band, their transmitted PPDUs can contain only the synchronization symbol and carrier signal / data information. AMP APs can transmit PPDUs containing either carrier signals or data information, while AMP chargers transmit PPDUs containing only carrier signals. The synchronization sequence transmitted by the first station can be: the first station transmits a second PPDU containing the synchronization sequence and carrier signal / data information. The data information in the second PPDU can be obtained using Manchester encoding.

[0108] As another example, the first station is an AMP STA, and the first station can transmit the synchronization sequence by transmitting or absorbing the excitation signal by changing the impedance matching state of the antenna.

[0109] 503. The second station synchronizes according to the synchronization sequence.

[0110] The purpose of a synchronization sequence is to provide synchronization information to the second station. In one possible design, the synchronization sequence is used to indicate the starting point of data information or the backscattered signal. As an example, the position adjacent to the last symbol of the synchronization sequence in the time domain and following that symbol is the starting position of the data information or the carrier signal. The carrier signal transmitted by the first station can serve as the excitation signal for the backscattered signal transmitted by the second station. The second station can determine the starting position of the data information or the carrier signal transmitted by the first station based on the synchronization sequence. After receiving the signal, the second station can detect the received signal to identify the synchronization sequence. For example, the second station can detect the received signal through envelope detection to identify the synchronization sequence.

[0111] An example of a second station synchronizing according to a synchronization sequence is as follows: The second station detects the received signal; when it detects h consecutive symbol "1"s and the two symbols at the first position are "10", it takes the time-domain position adjacent to and following the first position as the starting position of the data information or the starting position of the carrier signal. The interval between the first symbol at the first position and the last symbol "1" in the h consecutive symbol "1"s is x1 time units. The first symbol at the first position refers to the earlier symbol in the time domain among the two symbols at the first position. x1 is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The synchronization sequence is specified by the standard or configured by the AP to the AMP STA. It should be understood that the first and second stations are aware of the synchronization sequence. That is, the second station knows the interval between the first symbol at the first position and the last symbol "1" in the h consecutive symbol "1"s, i.e., x1. For example, the synchronization sequence is [1,1,1,1,0], h is 3, the first position is the position of the last two symbols in the synchronization sequence, and x1 is 0. For example, the synchronization sequence is [1,1,1,0,1,0], h is 3, the first position is the position of the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence, and x1 is 1.

[0112] Another example of a second station synchronizing based on a synchronization sequence is as follows: The second station detects the received signal; when it detects h consecutive "1" symbols and the two symbols at the second position are "01", it takes the time domain position adjacent to and following the second position as the starting position of the data information or the starting position of the carrier signal. The interval between the first symbol at the second position and the last "1" symbol in the h consecutive "1" symbols is x2 time units. x2 is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The second station knows the interval between the first symbol at the second position and the last "1" symbol in the h consecutive "1" symbols, i.e., x2. For example, the synchronization sequence is [1,1,1,0,1], h is 3, the second position is the position of the last two symbols in the synchronization sequence, and x2 is 0. Another example is the synchronization sequence [1,1,1,0,0,1], h is 3, the second position is the position of the last two symbols in the synchronization sequence, and x2 is 1.

[0113] Another example of a second station synchronizing based on a synchronization sequence is as follows: The second station detects the received signal; when it detects h consecutive code elements "0" and the two code elements at the third position are "01", it takes the time domain position adjacent to and following the third position as the starting position of the data information or the starting position of the carrier signal. The interval between the first code element at the third position and the last code element "1" in the h consecutive code elements "1" is x3 time units. x3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The second station knows the interval between the first code element at the third position and the last code element "1" in the h consecutive code elements "1", i.e., x3. For example, the synchronization sequence is [0,0,0,0,1], h is 3, the third position is the position of the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence, and x3 is 0. Another example is the synchronization sequence [0,0,0,0,0,1], h is 3, the third position is the position of the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence, and x3 is 1.

[0114] Another example of synchronization by the second station based on the synchronization sequence is as follows: The second station detects the received signal; when it detects h consecutive code elements "0" and the two code elements at the fourth position are "10", it takes the time domain position adjacent to and following the fourth position as the starting position of the data information or the starting position of the carrier signal. The interval between the first code element at the fourth position and the last code element "1" in the h consecutive code elements "1" is x4 time units. x4 is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The second station knows the interval between the first code element at the fourth position and the last code element "1" in the h consecutive code elements "1", i.e., x4. For example, the synchronization sequence is [0,0,0,1,0], h is 3, the fourth position is the position of the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence, and x4 is 0. Another example is the synchronization sequence [0,0,0,0,1,0], h is 3, the fourth position is the position of the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence, and x4 is 1.

[0115] Since the PPDU containing the synchronization sequence sent by the first station includes data information (optionally, a WiFi preamble) in addition to the synchronization sequence number and carrier signal, and the data information is obtained using Manchester encoding, and the carrier signal corresponds to the carrier signal, only the synchronization sequence in this PPDU contains at least h consecutive symbol "1" or symbol "0". Because only the synchronization sequence in the PPDU containing the synchronization sequence sent by the first station contains at least h consecutive symbol "1" or symbol "0", detecting h consecutive symbol "1" or symbol "0" can accurately determine that these h consecutive symbol "1" or symbol "0" are included in the synchronization sequence. The last two symbols in the synchronization sequence can be used as delimiters; that is, the time domain position after these two symbols is the data information / carrier signal, which can accurately determine the starting position of the data information / carrier signal in the time domain.

[0116] Optionally, if the synchronization sequence is followed by a carrier signal, meaning the PPDU sent by the first station includes both a synchronization sequence and a carrier signal, the second station can also perform the following operation: The second station encodes and modulates the data bitstream to be transmitted, adds the same synchronization sequence before the encoded and modulated data information, and transmits the data information to the first station via a backscattered carrier signal. The first station is the AP, and the second station is the AMP STA. The excitation signal for the second station to perform backscattered communication can come from the first station or from the AMP charger.

[0117] Optionally, if the synchronization sequence is followed by data information, meaning the PPDU sent by the first station includes both the synchronization sequence and data information, the second station can also perform the following operations: The second station decodes the data information to obtain the corresponding baseband instructions, and then performs the next operation according to the instructions. In one possible design, when the second station decodes the data information, it decodes the code element "01" into binary number 1 and the code element "10" into binary number 0.

[0118] In this embodiment, the synchronization sequence sent by the first station is a sequence including k symbols, which reduces the synchronization time compared to existing schemes that send synchronization sequences including 16 symbols. Furthermore, since the synchronization sequence sent by the first station includes fewer symbols than those in existing schemes, power consumption is also reduced.

[0119] The following describes several possible designs for the synchronization sequence provided in this application.

[0120] In one possible design, k is 4 and h is 3.

[0121] As an example, the synchronization sequence is either of the following: [1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,1].

[0122] In one possible design, k is 5 and h is 3.

[0123] As an example, the synchronization sequence can be any of the following: [1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0], [1,0,0,0,1]. In this application, the code symbol "1" is used as a unit of time for a high-level signal, and the code symbol "0" is used as a unit of time for a low-level signal. That is, the code symbol "1" in the synchronization sequence can be described as a high level, and the code symbol "0" in the synchronization sequence can be described as a low level. As an example, the synchronization sequence [1,1,1,0,1] can be described as [high level, high level, high level, low level, high level], or it can be described as [high, high, high, low, high], where high represents a high level and low represents a low level. It should be understood that any synchronization sequence in this application can be described as a sequence including k levels.

[0124] In another possible design, k is 6 and h is 3.

[0125] As an example, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0,1]; [1,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0], [1,0,1,1,1,0], [1,1,0,0,0,1], [0,1,0,0,0,1].

[0126] In one possible design, k is 6 and h is 4.

[0127] As an example, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1].

[0128] In one possible design, k is 7 and h is 3.

[0129] As an example, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,0,1] [,0,1];[1,1,1,1,0,0,1];[1,1,1,1,1,0,1];[0,0,1,1,1,0,1];[0,1,1,1,1,0,1];[1,0,1,1,1,0,1];[0,1,1,1,0,1,0];[0,1,1,1,0,0,1];[0,0,0,0,0,1,0];[0,0,0,0,1,1,0];[0,0,0, 1,0,1,0];[0,0,0,1,1,1,0];[0,1,0,0,0,1,0];[1,0,0,0,0,1,0];[1,1,0,0,0,1,0];[0,0,0,0,0,0,1];[0,0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,1,0,1];[0,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1, 0,0,0,0,0,1];[1,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,1,0];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,0,1,1,1,0],[1,1,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0,0,0,1],[0,0,1,0,0,0,1],[1,0,1,0,0,0,1].

[0130] In one possible design, k is 7 and h is 4.

[0131] As an example, the synchronization sequence is any of the following: [1,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0,1]; [1,0,0,0,0,0,1].

[0132] In one possible design, k is 8 and h is 4.

[0133] The synchronization sequence provided in this application is a sequence including k symbols, which can reduce the synchronization time compared with the existing synchronization sequence including 16 symbols.

[0134] The foregoing embodiments primarily use devices in existing network architectures as examples for illustrative purposes. It should be understood that the specific form of the devices is not limited in this application. For instance, any device that can achieve the same functionality in the future is applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0135] It is understood that, in the various method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by the device (such as the first station, the second station, etc.) can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the device.

[0136] It is also understood that some optional features in the various embodiments of this application may not depend on other features in some scenarios, or may be combined with other features in some scenarios, without limitation.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0138] The communication device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 6 to 8. It should be understood that the description of the device embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments. Therefore, for content not described in detail, please refer to the method embodiments above. For the sake of brevity, some content will not be repeated.

[0139] This application embodiment can divide the sending or receiving station into functional modules according to the method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the division of functional modules according to each function as an example.

[0140] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of the device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 10 can be used to implement any method and function related to the first / second station in the embodiments of this application. The device 10 may include a transceiver module 11 and a processing module 12. Optionally, the transceiver module 11 corresponds to a baseband circuit and a radio frequency circuit included in the first / second station. The transceiver module 11 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 12 is used for data processing. In other words, the transceiver module 11 is used to perform receiving and transmitting related operations, and the processing module 12 is used to perform other operations besides receiving and transmitting. The transceiver module 11 may also be referred to as a communication interface or communication unit. Optionally, the transceiver module 11 includes a transmitting module and / or a receiving module.

[0141] Optionally, the device 10 may further include a storage module 13, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 12 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the device to perform the actions of the stations in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0142] In one design, the device 10 may correspond to the first station in the above method embodiments, or to a component of the first station (such as a chip).

[0143] The device 10 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the first station in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the first station in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to perform the processing-related operations of the first station in the above method embodiment.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the processing module 12 is used to obtain a synchronization sequence for synchronization. The synchronization sequence is a sequence including k code elements, in which at least h consecutive code elements are code element "1" or code element "0", and the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "10" or code element "01". Code element "10" and code element "01" represent different binary numbers, k is an integer less than 16, and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0145] Transceiver module 11 is used to send synchronization sequences.

[0146] In one design, the device 10 may correspond to the second station in the above method embodiments, or to a component of the second station (such as a chip).

[0147] The device 10 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the second station in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the second station in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to perform the processing-related operations of the second station in the above method embodiment.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is used to receive a synchronization sequence for synchronization. The synchronization sequence is a sequence including k code elements, in which at least h consecutive code elements are code element "1" or code element "0". Code element "1" is a high level per unit time length, and code element "0" is a low level per unit time length. The last two code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "10" or code element "01". In the data part, code element "10" represents the binary number 0, and code element "01" represents the binary number 1. k is an integer less than 16, and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The processing module 12 is used to perform synchronization according to the synchronization sequence.

[0149] The communication devices and products involved in this application include, but are not limited to, communication servers, routers, switches, bridges, computers, mobile phones, smart home devices, tags, and other central control points. The solutions provided in this application include transmitters and receivers for transmitting / receiving packet-structured data; memory for storing signaling information and pre-agreed preset values; and a processor for parsing signaling information and processing related data.

[0150] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device 20 provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, the device 20 may include: a processor 201, a transceiver 205, and optionally a memory 202.

[0151] Transceiver 205, also known as a transceiver unit, transceiver, or transceiver circuit, is used to implement transceiver functions. Transceiver 205 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver, also known as a receiver circuit, is used to implement the receiving function. The transmitter, also known as a transmitter or transmitting circuit, is used to implement the transmitting function.

[0152] The memory 202 may store computer programs, software code, or instructions 204, which may also be referred to as firmware. The processor 201 may control the media access control (MAC1) layer and the physical layer by running the computer programs, software code, or instructions 203 therein, or by calling the computer programs, software code, or instructions 204 stored in the memory 202, to implement the various embodiments of this application.

[0153] The processor 201 and transceiver 205 described in this application can be implemented on integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc.

[0154] The aforementioned device 20 may also include an antenna 206. The modules included in the device 20 are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0155] The processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0156] The memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes various forms such as: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0157] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0158] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0159] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. The chip system 30 (or may also be called a processing system) includes logic circuitry 31 and an input / output interface 32.

[0160] The logic circuit 31 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 30. The logic circuit 31 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the site including the chip system 30 to implement the methods and functions of the various embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 32 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 30, outputting processed information from the chip system 30, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 30 for processing.

[0161] As one approach, the chip system 30 is used to implement the operations performed by the first station in the various method embodiments described above.

[0162] For example, logic circuit 31 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the first station in the above method embodiment; input / output interface 32 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the first station in the above method embodiment.

[0163] As one approach, the chip system 30 is used to implement the operations performed by the second station in the various method embodiments described above.

[0164] For example, logic circuit 31 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the second station in the above method embodiment; input / output interface 32 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the second station in the above method embodiment.

[0165] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods of the above embodiments.

[0166] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes instructions or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the methods in the above embodiments to be executed.

[0167] This application also provides a chip, which includes: a communication interface and a processor; the communication interface is used for signal transmission and reception of the chip; the processor is used to execute computer program instructions, causing a communication device including the chip to perform the methods as described in the above embodiments.

[0168] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0169] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0170] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs). For example, the aforementioned available media include, but are not limited to, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0171] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: A synchronization sequence is obtained, which is used for synchronization. The synchronization sequence is a sequence including k code elements, wherein at least h consecutive code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "1" or code element "0", and the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "10" or code element "01". The code element "10" and the code element "01" represent different binary numbers, where k is an integer less than 16 and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3. Send the synchronization sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The symbol "1" represents a high level per unit time length, and the symbol "0" represents a low level per unit time length; or, The symbol "1" represents a low level for a unit of time, and the symbol "0" represents a high level for a unit of time.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The value of k is 4, and the value of h is 3.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,1].

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The value of k is 5, and the value of h is 3.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0], [1,0,0,0,1].

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The value of k is 6, and the value of h is 3.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,0,0,0,1]; [0,1,0,0,0,1].

9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The value of k is 7, and the value of h is 3.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,0,1,0,1] [1,1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [1,0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,1,1,0]; [0,1,0];[0,0,0,1,1,1,0];[0,1,0,0,0,1,0];[1,0,0,0,0,1,0];[1,1,0,0,0,1,0];[0,0,0,0,0,0,1];[0,0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,1,0,1];[0,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1,0 ,0,0,0,0,1];[1,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,1,0];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,0,1,1,1,0],[1,1,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0,0,0,1],[0,0,1,0,0,0,1],[1,0,1,0,0,0,1].

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The method is applied to scenarios that include backscattering devices.

12. A communication method, characterized in that, include: A synchronization sequence is received, wherein the synchronization sequence is a sequence comprising k code elements, wherein at least h consecutive code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "1" or code element "0", and the last two code elements in the synchronization sequence are code element "10" or code element "01", wherein code element "10" and code element "01" represent different binary numbers, wherein k is an integer less than 16, and h is an integer greater than or equal to 3; Synchronization is performed according to the synchronization sequence.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The symbol "1" represents a high level per unit time length, and the symbol "0" represents a low level per unit time length; or, The symbol "1" represents a low level for a unit of time, and the symbol "0" represents a high level for a unit of time.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The value of k is 4, and the value of h is 3.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,1].

16. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The value of k is 5, and the value of h is 3.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0], [1,0,0,0,1].

18. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The value of k is 6, and the value of h is 3.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,1,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,1,0]; [1,0,0,0,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,0,0,0,1]; [0,1,0,0,0,1].

20. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The value of k is 7, and the value of h is 3.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The synchronization sequence is any one of the following: [1,1,1,0,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [1,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,0,1,1,1,1,0]; [1,1,1,0,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,0,1,0,1] [1,1,1,1,0,0,1]; [1,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,1,0,1]; [1,0,1,1,1,0,1]; [0,1,1,1,0,1,0]; [0,1,1,1,0,0,1]; [0,0,0,0,0,1,0]; [0,0,0,0,1,1,0]; [0,0,0,1,1,0]; [0,1,0];[0,0,0,1,1,1,0];[0,1,0,0,0,1,0];[1,0,0,0,0,1,0];[1,1,0,0,0,1,0];[0,0,0,0,0,0,1];[0,0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,0,1];[0,0,0,1,1,0,1];[0,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1,0 ,0,0,0,0,1];[1,1,0,0,0,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,1,0];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,0,1,0,1];[1,0,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,0,1,1,1,0],[1,1,0,1,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0,0,0,1],[0,0,1,0,0,0,1],[1,0,1,0,0,0,1].

22. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that, Receive synchronization sequence, including: The received synchronization sequence is detected by envelope detection.

23. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that, The method is applied to scenarios that include backscattering devices.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-11, or includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 12-23.

25. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor coupled to a memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer programs or instructions in the memory, causing the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 23.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 23.

27. A chip, characterized in that, include: A communication interface and a processor; the communication interface being used for signal transmission and reception of the chip; the processor being used to execute a computer program or instructions, causing a communication device including the chip to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 23.

28. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 23.

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