Surgical instrument

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a surgical instrument, comprising: an adaptor unit (20), comprising a handle housing and an elongated body assembly connected to the distal end of the handle housing by means of a rotary head assembly, the elongated body assembly defining a longitudinal axis, the handle housing comprising a handle body that has an accommodating chamber and a handle cover body located on the upper side of the handle body, and the proximal side of the rotary head assembly being provided with an adapting engagement portion (24); and a reusable power unit (10), comprising a driving housing and a driving assembly accommodated in the driving housing, the driving assembly being adapted to provide a driving force, the distal end of the power unit being provided with a power engagement portion (17), the power engagement portion comprising a sliding locking member (171) which is operable to slide relative to the driving housing, and the sliding locking member being adapted to be operably engaged with the adapting engagement portion so as to mount the power unit in the handle body. The surgical instrument disclosed in the present application achieves high connection reliability and high power transmission accuracy between a disposable portion and a reusable portion.

Description

A surgical instrument

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510030139.9, filed on January 8, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of surgical instrument technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument and its adaptable connection structure. Background Technology

[0004] Surgical instruments, especially electrically powered surgical instruments with linear clamping, cutting, and anastomosis capabilities, enable clamping, suturing / anastomosis, and cutting operations during surgery. Based on reusability, existing staplers can be categorized into single-use staplers, partially reusable staplers, and fully or nearly fully reusable staplers. Single-use staplers offer advantages in safety and portability; fully or nearly fully reusable staplers offer advantages in intelligence and cost per procedure, but require partial or complete sterilization; while partially reusable staplers combine the cost and safety advantages of both single-use and fully or nearly fully reusable staplers, attracting increasing attention from the medical device industry.

[0005] For partially reusable electrically powered surgical anastomosis instruments, the reusable part is typically the power unit, which contains costly control and power modules. High-temperature, high-pressure, or plasma sterilization may damage the core components of this power unit, causing it to malfunction. Therefore, research is needed on reusable power units that do not require sterilization. The sterile handle housing is connected to the elongated body assembly to form an adapter unit. This adapter unit can be disposable or sterilized. The reusable power unit is installed within the handle housing of the adapter unit, achieving a transmission connection with the elongated body assembly. To achieve precise power transmission, the design of the connection between the reusable power unit and the adapter unit is a technical issue that needs to be considered by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a surgical instrument that can be partially reused, so as to improve the connection reliability between the reusable power unit and the adapter unit and improve the power transmission accuracy.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A surgical instrument includes: an adapter unit comprising a handle housing and an elongated body assembly connected to a distal end of the handle housing via a rotating head assembly, the elongated body assembly defining a longitudinal axis; the handle housing including a handle body having a receiving chamber and a handle cover located on an upper side of the handle body; and an adapter engagement portion disposed proximally on the rotating head assembly; and a reusable power unit including a drive housing and a drive assembly housed within the drive housing, the drive assembly being adapted to provide a driving force; a power engagement portion disposed distally on the power unit, the power engagement portion including a sliding lock operably slidable relative to the drive housing, the sliding lock being adapted to operably engage with the adapter engagement portion to mount the power unit within the handle body.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sliding locking member can be driven to move between a first position and a second position along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. When the sliding locking member is in the first position, the adapter engagement portion is operably engaged with the power unit, and when the sliding locking member is in the second position, the adapter engagement portion is disengaged from the power unit.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power engagement portion further includes a first elastic member, which is mounted on the distal end face of the drive housing and acts on the sliding locking member, and is adapted to provide a biasing force to the sliding locking member to hold it in a first position.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power engagement portion further includes an unlocking member, which engages with the wedge surface of the sliding locking member, and the unlocking member moves along a first direction to push the sliding locking member to a second position.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adapter engagement portion includes an adapter snap-fit ​​groove disposed on the proximal end face of the rotating head assembly, and when the sliding locking member is in the first position, at least a portion of the sliding locking member is located within the adapter snap-fit ​​groove.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a drive output rod, the adapter unit includes a transmission rod, the power engagement portion further includes a plug notch disposed on the distal side of the drive output rod, and the adapter engagement portion further includes an annular plug groove disposed on the proximal side of the transmission rod. When the power unit engages with the adapter unit, the plug notch and the annular plug groove cooperate to restrict the relative movement between the transmission rod and the drive output rod along the longitudinal axis.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating head assembly further includes an initial position retainer defining the initial position of the transmission rod. When the power unit and the adapter unit are not engaged, the initial position retainer engages with the annular insertion groove of the transmission rod. When the power unit and the adapter unit are engaged, the initial position retainer is operably disengaged from the transmission rod.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power unit is provided with an unlocking rod at its distal end that cooperates with the initial position holding member. When the power unit is engaged with the adapter unit, the unlocking rod triggers the initial position holding member to move away from the transmission rod.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, a guide structure is provided between the proximal side of the rotating head assembly and the distal side of the drive housing, the guide structure having a guide slide extending in a first direction.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first electrical connection portion is provided near the rotating head assembly, and a second electrical connection portion is provided at the far end of the power unit. The power unit also includes a main controller. The second electrical connection portion is electrically connected to the main controller. When the adapter unit and the power unit are properly adapted and engaged, the second electrical connection portion and the first electrical connection portion are electrically connected to form a conductive circuit, providing the main controller with a signal that the adapter unit and the power unit are properly engaged.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the proximal end face of the rotating head assembly includes a first surface located on the upper side and a second surface located on the lower side, the first surface and the second surface being transitioned by a first stepped surface facing upward, and the first stepped surface is provided with the first electrical connection portion; the distal end face of the drive housing includes a third surface located on the upper side and a fourth surface located on the lower side, the third surface and the fourth surface being transitioned by a second stepped surface facing downward, and the second stepped surface is provided with the second electrical connection portion; when the power unit and the adapter unit are engaged, the second electrical connection portion cooperates with the first electrical connection portion.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the proximal side of the transmission rod is located in the region of the first stepped surface near the proximal end face of the rotary head assembly, and the proximal end of the transmission rod extends to the outside of the first surface and extends to a position near the second surface; the distal side of the drive output rod is located in the region of the second stepped surface near the distal end face of the drive housing, and the distal end of the drive output rod extends to the outside of the third surface of the drive housing and extends to a position near the fourth surface.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive gear set, and a lead screw and nut assembly that are pulverizedly connected to the drive output rod; the drive gear set includes a driving gear and a driven gear that are meshed together; the lead screw and nut assembly includes a transmission lead screw connected to the driven gear and a transmission nut threaded onto the transmission lead screw; the drive output rod is connected to the transmission nut; and the rotational power of the drive motor is converted into linear motion of the drive output rod along the longitudinal axis direction through the drive gear set and the lead screw and nut assembly.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, a mounting bracket is provided inside the drive housing, the drive motor is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, the transmission screw is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket through a thrust bearing, and a force sensor for detecting transmission force is provided on the transmission screw.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting bracket is further provided with a limiting plate to restrict the rotation of the transmission nut. The transmission nut is provided with fins on both sides of the axis of the transmission screw, and the fins of the transmission nut abut against the limiting plate located on both sides of the transmission screw.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power unit further includes an energy storage device, which is detachably connected to the lower side of the drive housing.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power unit includes a first circuit board and a second circuit board that are electrically connected to each other. A mounting bracket is provided inside the drive housing. The first circuit board is mounted on the upper side of the mounting bracket, the second circuit board is mounted on the lower side of the mounting bracket, the main controller is mounted on the first circuit board, and the energy storage device is electrically connected to the second circuit board.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, one end of the handle cover is pivotally connected to the handle body, and the other end is engaged with the handle body.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, a sensing component is further provided between the handle cover and the power unit. The sensing component senses the connection status between the handle cover and the handle body and sends a sensing signal to the main controller.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sensing component includes a magnetic sensor installed inside the drive housing and a magnetic trigger installed on the inner wall of the handle cover. After the handle cover is connected to the handle body, the magnetic trigger triggers the magnetic sensor to emit a sensing signal.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, an insertion guide is further included, which is adapted to engage with the opening area of ​​the handle body and the rotating head assembly when the handle cover is open, so as to isolate the power unit from the handle body and the rotating head assembly during the insertion of the power unit into the handle body.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the insertion guide is constructed as a frame that matches the shape of the opening area of ​​the handle body. The frame is formed by an opening frame that mates with the handle body and an arc-shaped connecting plate located on the far side and mates with the rotating head housing. The opening frame is U-shaped, and at least a portion of its bottom area is provided with an insertion interface that covers the side wall of the handle body.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0031] The surgical instrument provided by this invention, in its assembled standby and use states, integrates an adapter unit and a power unit into its handle assembly. When the adapter unit and the power unit are assembled and joined, the transmission rod in the adapter unit and the drive component of the power unit can quickly and reliably engage, improving the connection strength between the handle and the adapter and increasing the accuracy of power transmission. Furthermore, when the adapter unit and / or the power unit are detached from the handle assembly, the transmission rod in the adapter unit and the drive component of the power unit can also easily disengage. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surgical instrument in one embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the adapter unit and the power unit in the coupled state in one embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the adapter unit in one embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the power unit in one embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the power unit in one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the power unit after removing the drive sleeve in one embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component in one embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the power connection portion of the power unit in one embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter joint of the adapter unit in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the adapter joint after removing the handle shell from the adapter unit in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process for installing the power unit by inserting a guide in one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the power unit by inserting a guide in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inserted guide in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0049] In various embodiments of the present invention, "distal / side" refers to the end / side of the surgical instrument that is farther from the operator during operation, while "proximal / side" refers to the end / side of the surgical instrument that is closer to the operator during operation. The following is a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument.

[0050] Generally, the surgical instruments described herein are endoscopic surgical cutting and anastomosis instruments. However, it should be noted that surgical instruments can also be used in non-endoscopic surgical cutting and anastomosis instruments, such as open motorized surgical instruments for open surgery.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 1 shows one embodiment of the surgical instrument 100 provided in this application. The surgical instrument 100 includes an adapter unit 20, a disposable end-effector assembly 30, and a reusable power unit 10 (the power unit 10 is hidden inside the adapter unit 20). The end-effector assembly 30 is used to manipulate tissue to perform specific surgical operations, such as tissue clamping, suturing / anastomosis, and cutting. The power unit 10 drives the end-effector assembly 30 to perform clamping, suturing / anastomosis, and cutting actions. The adapter unit 20 transmits the driving force of the power unit 10 to the end-effector assembly 30.

[0052] Referring to FIG1, the end effector 30 includes a cartridge assembly 31 and an anvil assembly 32, which are movable relative to each other to close the jaws and grip tissue. In one specific embodiment, the anvil assembly 32 of the end effector 30 is operably pivoted toward the cartridge assembly 31 until the jaws of the end effector 30 are closed to grip tissue; the anvil assembly 32 is pivoted toward a direction away from the cartridge assembly 31 until the jaws of the end effector 30 are opened to release tissue. Alternatively, the cartridge assembly 31 of the end effector 30 may be operably pivoted toward the anvil assembly 32 until the jaws of the end effector 30 are closed to grip tissue; and the cartridge assembly 31 may be operably pivoted toward a direction away from the cartridge assembly 31 until the jaws of the end effector 30 are opened to release tissue. Furthermore, a movable firing member for performing surgical actions is provided within the end-effector 30. The firing member can be operatively reciprocated. For example, when the firing member is driven to move from the proximal end to the distal end, a corresponding surgical operation is performed, such as cutting and anastomosis of tissue.

[0053] As shown in Figure 2, the adapter unit 20 includes a handle housing 21 suitable for the operator to hold and an elongated body assembly 22 connected to the distal end of the handle housing 21 via a rotating head assembly 23. The handle housing 21 is generally T-shaped, including a main body extending along the longitudinal axis C and a gripping part extending approximately perpendicular to or at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis C. The handle housing 21 forms an installation space for the power unit 10. An operating part 213 is provided on the handle housing 21, featuring a push-button and / or button structure. The user performs closing and / or firing actions by manipulating the push-button or button on the operating part 213. The handle housing 21 includes a handle body 211 with a receiving chamber and a handle cover 212 located on the upper side of the handle body 211. The handle cover 212 and the handle body 211 are connected by a snap-fit ​​connection or other detachable connection method. When closed, they form a sterile shell to enclose the power unit 10 within it. The distal end of the handle housing 21 abuts against the proximal side of the rotating head assembly 23, so that the power unit 10 is entirely located inside the handle housing 21, forming a sterile outer surface for the surgical instrument. Thus, the handle housing 21 creates a sterile barrier between the power unit 10 and the external environment, preventing the contaminated power unit 10 from being exposed to the surgical environment and causing contamination, enabling the reuse of the sterile power unit 10, and reducing surgical costs.

[0054] It is understandable that the handle housing 21 can also be implemented in other ways. For example, it can be formed by two detachable shielding housings on the left and right or by front and rear detachable splicing to form an installation space for accommodating the power unit 10, which will not be elaborated here.

[0055] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the proximal end of the handle cover 212 is pivotally connected to the proximal end of the handle body 211, while the distal end of the handle cover 212 is detachably connected to the distal end of the handle body 211 via a snap-fit ​​connection. This one-sided pivot connection and one-sided snap-fit ​​connection prevents the handle cover 212 from separating from the handle body 211, thus avoiding the risk of bacterial contamination. It is understood that in other alternative embodiments, the pivoting and snap-fit ​​positions of the handle cover 212 and handle body 211 can be interchanged with those shown in Figure 2 or positioned in the left-right direction of the handle housing 21.

[0056] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the elongated body assembly 22 is generally elongated tubular, including a tubular outer shell 223 that defines the longitudinal axis C. A transmission rod 221 / 222 is disposed within the tubular outer shell 223 for transmitting the driving force of the power unit 10 to the end actuation assembly 30. In some embodiments, the adapter unit 20 includes two sets of transmission rods 221 / 222, namely a firing transmission rod 221 and a bending transmission rod 222. A rotating head assembly 23 is disposed proximally on the elongated body assembly 22, which can drive the elongated body assembly 22 to rotate relative to the power unit 10 about the longitudinal axis C. The rotating head assembly 23 includes a rotating head shell 231, on the proximally of which is an adapter engagement portion 24 for engaging with the power unit 10, thereby achieving a reliable transmission connection between the two parts. The proximally portion of the transmission rods 221 / 222 in the adapter unit 20 extends outward from the proximal end face of the rotating head shell 231 to operably engage with the drive assembly within the power unit 10.

[0057] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the power unit 10 includes a drive section and an energy storage device 14 that supplies power to the drive section. The drive section includes a drive housing 11 and drive components and control components located within the drive housing 11. The drive housing 11 is detachably assembled from an upper housing 11a and a lower housing 11b, and has a mounting bracket 15 inside. The drive components and control components are both mounted on the mounting bracket 15. The energy storage device 14 is a rechargeable battery, which is detachably connected to the lower side of the drive housing 11 and electrically connected to the control components inside the drive housing.

[0058] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the driving assembly includes a firing driving assembly 12 and a bending driving assembly 13. The output end of the firing driving assembly 12 drives the firing transmission rod 221 of the elongated body assembly 22, which in turn drives the firing member of the end-acting assembly 30 to reciprocate, thereby enabling the closing and opening of the jaws of the end-acting assembly 30, and the cutting and merging of the tissue held in the jaws. The output end of the bending driving assembly 13 drives the bending transmission rod 222 of the elongated body assembly 22, which in turn drives the bending member of the end-acting assembly 30 to reciprocate, thereby enabling the bending operation of the end-acting assembly 30 relative to the elongated body assembly 22.

[0059] The firing drive assembly 12 and the bending drive assembly 13 have the same structure, each including a drive output rod 121 / 131 as the output component of the drive assembly, a drive motor 122 / 132, a drive gear set, and a lead screw and nut assembly that are connected to the drive output rod 121 / 131. The drive gear set includes a driving gear 123 / 133 and a driven gear 124 / 134 that are meshed together. The lead screw and nut assembly includes a transmission lead screw 125 / 135 connected to the driven gear 124 / 134 and a transmission nut 126 / 136 threaded onto the transmission lead screw 125 / 135. The drive output rod 121 / 131 is connected to the transmission nut 126 / 136. The rotational power of the drive motor 122 / 132 is converted into linear motion of the drive output rod 121 / 131 along its axial direction through the drive gear set and the lead screw and nut assembly.

[0060] Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, the firing drive assembly 12 includes a firing drive motor 122 and a firing drive gear set. The firing drive gear set includes a firing drive gear 123 that is driven by the output shaft of the firing drive motor 122 and a firing driven gear 124 that is driven by the firing drive screw 125. The firing driven gear 124 is fixedly connected to the firing drive screw 125, and a firing drive nut 126 is provided on the firing drive screw 125, forming a screw-nut mechanism. The firing drive output rod 121 is fixedly connected to the firing drive nut 126. The rotation of the firing drive motor 122 drives the firing drive gear 123 to rotate, and the meshing transmission of the firing drive gear set drives the firing drive screw 125 to rotate, so that the firing drive nut 126 located thereon moves along the axial direction of the firing drive screw 125, thereby driving the firing drive output rod 121 to move in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis. Similarly, the bending drive assembly 13 includes a bending drive motor 132 and a bending drive gear set. The bending drive gear set includes a bending drive gear 133 that is driven by the output shaft of the bending drive motor 132 and a bending driven gear 134 that is driven by the bending drive screw 135. The bending driven gear 134 is fixedly connected to the bending drive screw 135, and the bending drive screw 135 is provided with a bending drive nut 136, forming a screw-nut mechanism. The bending drive output rod 131 is fixedly connected to the bending drive nut 136. The rotation of the bending drive motor 132 can drive the bending drive gear 133 to rotate, and the meshing transmission of the bending drive gear set can drive the bending drive screw 135 to rotate, so that the bending drive nut 136 located thereon moves along the axial direction of the bending drive screw 135, thereby driving the bending drive output rod 131 to move in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis.

[0061] It is understood that, in alternative embodiments, the drive assembly may include only one set of firing drive assembly 12 to provide the driving force to drive the surgical instrument to complete the closing, bending and retraction reset operations, while the bending operation of the surgical instrument is achieved by a driven manual bending mechanism.

[0062] Specifically, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the drive motors 122 / 132 are fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 15. The output shafts of the drive motors 122 / 132 extend towards the proximal end in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis. The drive gear set is located in the proximal region of the drive housing 11. The transmission screws 125 / 135 are rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 15 via thrust bearings 127 / 137. The mounting bracket 15 is also provided with a limiting plate to restrict the rotation of the transmission nut 126 / 136. The limiting plate includes a firing limiting plate 151 and a bending limiting plate 152. The limiting plates 151 / 152 extend in the same direction as the transmission screw 125 / 135. The transmission nut 126 / 136 is provided with fins on both sides of the axis of the transmission screw 125 / 135. The fins of the transmission nut 126 / 136 abut against the limiting plates 151 / 152 on both sides of the transmission screw 125 / 135, so that the transmission nut 126 / 136 can translate axially along the transmission screw 125 / 135.

[0063] As shown in Figure 7, a firing force sensor 129 for detecting the transmission force is provided on the firing transmission screw 125. Specifically, as shown in Figure 9, the firing force sensor 129 is used to detect the force acting on the firing transmission screw 125 when the firing transmission nut 126 moves. The firing force sensor 129 is located in a portion of the area near the end of the firing transmission screw 125 and far from the driven wheel. One end face of the sensor abuts against the mounting bracket 15, and the other end face abuts against the firing thrust bearing 127 sleeved on the firing transmission screw 125. A firing rolling bearing is provided at the far end of the firing thrust bearing 127. The arrangement of the firing rolling bearing and the firing thrust bearing 127 can avoid the circumferential force from affecting the detection sensitivity of the firing force sensor 129. Similarly, for the bending transmission system, in order to detect the magnitude of the bending transmission force, a bending force sensor can be installed on the bending transmission lead screw 135. Its installation method and working principle are the same as those of the firing force sensor 129, and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] As shown in Figure 6, the control component includes a main controller 18 and a control circuit board 16. The control circuit board 16 includes a first circuit board 161 and a second circuit board 162 electrically connected to each other. The first circuit board 161, serving as the main control circuit board 16, is mounted on the upper side of the mounting bracket 15. The main controller 18 is mounted on the first circuit board 161. The second circuit board 162 is mounted on the lower side of the mounting bracket 15 and is electrically connected to the energy storage device 14. Specifically, the upper surface of the energy storage device 14 is provided with an electrical connection interface 14a, and the lower side of the second circuit board 162 is provided with an electrical connection connector 162a. The two are connected to establish a power supply connection between the energy storage device 14 and the drive component. The second circuit board 162 is used to control and manage the energy storage device 14, such as boosting or bucking the voltage of the battery. The first circuit board 161 faces upwards, and its upper surface is also provided with an instrument status display device 19 for displaying the current control status information of the surgical instrument, such as firing force and bending angle. It is understood that a portion of the drive housing 11 corresponding to the display device 19 is a transparent area. The second circuit board 162 is also provided with control buttons for controlling the operation of the drive assembly, such as a firing drive button, a bending drive button, and a firing safety switch. Since the second circuit board 162 is located below the mounting bracket 15, corresponding to the grip portion of the handle housing 21, it is convenient for the operator to operate.

[0065] As shown in Figure 8, the power unit 10 has a power engagement portion 17 at its distal end. This power engagement portion 17 is used to cooperate with the adaptation engagement portion 24 of the adaptation unit 20. This achieves a reliable connection between the housings of the power unit 10 and the adaptation unit 20, and also allows the drive output end within the power unit 10 to engage with the transmission input end within the adaptation unit 20, thus achieving a reliable transmission connection of the driving force. The following section describes the engagement structure of the power unit 10 and the adaptation unit 20 in detail.

[0066] As shown in Figure 8, the power engagement portion 17 of the power unit 10 includes a sliding locking member 171 that is operably slidable relative to the drive housing 11. The sliding locking member 171 is adapted to operably engage with the adapter engagement portion 24 to mount the power unit 10 within the handle body 211. Specifically, in an optional embodiment, the distal end face of the drive housing 11 is provided with a guide support seat 172 for slidably supporting the sliding locking member 171. The guide support seat 172 extends horizontally, and the sliding locking member 171 can be driven to move along the upper surface of the guide support seat 172 between a first position and a second position. When the sliding locking member 171 is in the first position, the adapter engagement portion 24 is operably engaged with the power unit 10, and when the sliding locking member 171 is in the second position, the adapter engagement portion 24 is disengaged from the power unit 10. A first elastic element 173 is provided between the guide support 172 and the sliding locking member 171. The first elastic element 173 acts on the sliding locking member 171 and is adapted to provide a biasing force to the sliding locking member 171 to hold it in a first position.

[0067] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the adapter engagement portion 24 of the adapter unit 20 includes an adapter locking groove 241 disposed on the proximal end face of the rotating head housing 231. The opening of the adapter locking groove 241 faces horizontally. When the sliding locking member 171 is in the first position, at least a portion of the sliding locking member 171 is located within the adapter locking groove 241. Specifically, the proximal end face of the rotating head housing 231 is provided with an engagement protrusion 232 extending vertically. The adapter locking groove 241 is formed on the inner side of the engagement protrusion 232. The upper surface of the engagement protrusion 232 has a beveled portion. The side of the sliding locking member 171 near the adapter locking groove 241 is constructed with a wedge-shaped structure. When the power unit 10 moves downward to the inside of the handle housing 21, the sliding locking member 171 first engages with the proximal end face of the rotating head housing 231. The engaging protrusion 232 on the surface contacts, that is, the wedge structure of the sliding locking member 171 contacts and engages with the inclined surface of the engaging protrusion 232. Under the action of the engaging protrusion 232, the sliding locking member 171 overcomes the first elastic member 173 and moves towards the second position. When the power unit 10 continues to move downward, the sliding locking member 171 enters the adapter slot 241 under the action of the first elastic member 173, realizing the engagement of the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20.

[0068] To disengage the power unit 10 from the adapter unit 20, as shown in Figure 8, the power engagement portion 17 further includes an unlocking member 174. The unlocking member 174 engages with the wedge surface of the sliding locking member 171. The unlocking member 174 moves along a first direction to push the sliding locking member 171 to a second position. Specifically, the unlocking member 174 is slidably connected to the distal surface of the drive housing 11 along the first direction and is located above the sliding locking member 171. The lower end of the unlocking member 174 has a wedge surface structure that engages with the wedge surface of the sliding locking member 171. When the unlocking member 174 is moved downwards, it can be pushed to move the sliding unlocking member 174 to the outside of the adapter slot 241 in the second position. At this time, moving the power unit 10 upwards can move the power unit 10 out of the handle body 211 of the adapter unit 20.

[0069] To achieve the transmission connection between the drive output rod 121 / 131 (including the firing drive output rod 121 and the bending drive output rod 131) in the power unit 10 and the transmission rod 221 / 222 (including the firing transmission rod 221 and the bending transmission rod 222) in the adapter unit 20, as shown in Figures 8-10, the power engagement part 17 further includes an insertion notch 121a / 131a disposed on the far side of the drive output rod 121 / 131, and the adapter engagement part 24 further includes an annular insertion groove 221a / 222a disposed on the near side of the transmission rod 221 / 222. When the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20 are engaged, the insertion notch 121a / 131a and the annular insertion groove 221a / 222a cooperate to restrict the relative movement between the transmission rod 221 / 222 and the drive output rod 121 / 131 along the longitudinal axis. Since the insertion notch 121a / 131a and the annular insertion groove 221a / 222a can achieve surface contact between the drive output rod 121 / 131 and the transmission rod 221 / 222 in most areas along the circumference, the transmission connection strength between the two can be guaranteed, and the transmission reliability is high.

[0070] To ensure that the transmission rods 221 / 222 in the adapter unit 20 are in a position that can engage with the drive output end in the power unit 10 in the initial state when the power unit 10 is not loaded, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the rotating head assembly 23 further includes an initial position retainer 233 that defines the initial position of the transmission rods 221 / 222. When the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20 are not engaged, the initial position retainer 233 engages with the annular insertion grooves 221a / 222a of the transmission rods 221 / 222 to restrict the movement of the transmission rods 221 / 222 along the axial direction. When the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20 are engaged, the initial position retainer 233 can be operably disengaged from the transmission rods 221 / 222.

[0071] In one optional embodiment, the initial position retainer 233 is used to simultaneously maintain the initial positions of the firing transmission rod 221 and the bending transmission rod 222. The initial position retainer 233 is constructed with two spaced-apart arc-shaped grooves on its upper surface, respectively used to accommodate the regions of the firing transmission rod 221 and the bending transmission rod 222 located on the outer side near the end of the rotating head housing 231. A second elastic member 234 is also provided between the initial position retainer 233 and the rotating head housing 231. The second elastic member 234 acts on the initial position retainer 233 and is adapted to provide a biasing force to the initial position retainer 233 to maintain it in the position engaged with the transmission rods 221 / 222. When the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20 are not engaged, the initial position retainer 233, under the action of the second elastic member 234, engages with the annular insertion grooves 221a / 222a of the transmission rods 221 / 222 to restrict the movement of the transmission rods 221 / 222 along the axial direction.

[0072] As shown in Figure 8, the power unit 10 has an unlocking rod 175 at its distal end that cooperates with the initial position holding member 233. When the power unit 10 is engaged with the adapter unit 20, the unlocking rod 175 triggers the initial position holding member 233 to move away from the transmission rod 221 / 222. Specifically, the unlocking rod 175 is installed on the distal side of the drive housing 11 and extends vertically. The end of the unlocking rod 175 cooperates with the upper surface of the initial position holding member 233. When the power unit 10 moves downward, the unlocking rod 175 first contacts the initial position holding member 233, causing it to overcome the force of the second elastic member 234 and move downward until it disengages from the transmission rod 221 / 222. At this point, the insertion notch 121a / 131a on the drive output rod 121 / 131 can fit into the annular insertion groove 221a / 222a on the transmission rod 221 / 222, thus realizing the transmission connection between the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20.

[0073] A guide structure is also provided between the proximal side of the rotating head housing 231 and the distal side of the drive housing 11. The guide structure has a guide slide extending along a first direction (indicated by arrow a in Figure 8) to align the engagement positions of the drive housing 11 and the rotating head housing 231, avoiding poor engagement due to wobbling between the two during engagement. Specifically, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, a first groove 235 extending along the first direction is provided on the proximal side of the rotating head housing 231, and as shown in Figure 8, a second groove 111 extending along a second direction is provided on the distal side of the drive housing 11. The upper side of the first groove 235 is notched, and the lower side of the second groove 111 is notched. When the power unit 10 is engaged with the adapter unit 20 from top to bottom, the first groove 235 of the drive housing 11 is inserted along the second groove 111 of the rotating head housing 231 to guide the installation of the power unit 10.

[0074] The proximal end face of the rotating head assembly 23 includes a first surface on the upper side and a second surface on the lower side. The first surface and the second surface transition through a first step surface facing upward, that is, the second surface is located near the first surface. The distal end face of the drive housing 11 includes a third surface on the upper side and a fourth surface on the lower side. The third surface and the fourth surface transition through a second step surface facing downward, that is, the fourth surface is located near the third surface. A first electrical connection portion 242 is provided on the first step surface, and a second electrical connection portion 176 is provided on the second step surface. When the power unit 10 is engaged with the adapter unit 20, the second electrical connection portion 176 cooperates with the first electrical connection portion 242 to achieve electrical connection.

[0075] The second electrical connection part 176 is electrically connected to the main controller 18 via a transmission line. When the adapter unit 20 and the power unit 10 are properly adapted and engaged, the second electrical connection part 176, the first electrical connection part 242, and the transmission line form a conductive loop, providing the main controller 18 with a signal that the adapter unit 20 and the power unit are properly engaged.

[0076] The proximal side of the transmission rod 221 / 222 is located in the region of the first stepped surface near the proximal end face of the rotary head housing 231. The proximal end of the transmission rod 221 / 222 extends beyond the first surface and reaches a position close to the second surface. That is, the proximal end face of the transmission rod 221 / 222 is located far from the second surface of the rotary head housing 231, avoiding the risk of damage due to excessive length of the transmission rod 221 / 222. The distal side of the drive output rod 121 / 131 is located in the region of the second stepped surface near the distal end face of the drive housing 11. The distal end of the drive output rod 121 / 131 extends beyond the third surface and reaches a position close to the fourth surface. That is, the distal end face of the drive output rod 121 / 131 is located near the fourth surface of the drive housing 11, avoiding the risk of damage due to excessive length of the drive output rod 121 / 131.

[0077] Specifically, in order to improve the safety of using the surgical instrument, after the power unit 10 is installed on the handle body 211, the handle cover 212 is connected to the handle body 211 before the surgical operation is performed. A sensing component is also provided between the handle cover 212 and the power unit 10. The sensing component senses the connection status between the handle cover 212 and the handle body 211 and sends a sensing signal to the main controller 18.

[0078] As shown in Figures 6 and 2, the sensing component includes a magnetic sensor 163 mounted on a first circuit board 161 inside the drive housing 11, and a magnetic trigger 25 mounted on the inner wall of the handle cover 212. When the handle cover 212 is connected to the handle body 211, the magnetic trigger 25 moves with the handle cover 212 into the sensing range of the magnetic sensor 163, triggering the magnetic sensor 163 to emit a sensing signal.

[0079] Since the reusable power unit 10 is in a sterile environment, when installing the power unit 10, it is important to avoid the power unit 10 coming into contact with the disposable, sterile adapter unit 20, especially the relevant area of ​​the insertion port between the handle body 211 and the rotating head housing 231. The surgical instrument also includes an insertion guide 40, as shown in Figures 11 and 12. The insertion guide 40 is adapted to engage with the opening area of ​​the handle body 211 when the handle cover 212 is open, so as to isolate the power unit 10 from the handle body 211 / rotating head assembly 23 during the process of inserting the power unit 10 into the handle body 211.

[0080] As shown in Figure 13, the insertion guide 40 is constructed as a frame that matches the shape of the opening area of ​​the handle body 211. The frame is formed by an opening frame 41 that mates with the handle body 211 and an arc-shaped connecting plate 42 located on the far side and mates with the rotating head housing 231. The arc-shaped connecting plate 42 covers the top of the rotating head housing 231. The opening frame 41 is constructed as a U-shape that matches the shape of the handle body 211, and at least a portion of its bottom area is provided with an insertion interface that covers the side wall of the handle body 211.

[0081] More specifically, the insertion guide 40 is constructed in the form of an upwardly expanding frame, so that the operator can minimize or avoid contact with the power unit 10 when inserting it into the frame. At the same time, the insertion guide 40 is also provided with a handhold 421 on the upper side of the arc-shaped connecting plate 42, which is suitable for the operator to install and remove the insertion guide 40. The handhold 421 is constructed as two parallel and opposite plates integrally formed on the upper side of the arc-shaped connecting plate 42.

[0082] The assembly process of the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20 is shown in Figures 11 and 12. The handle cover 212 of the adapter unit 20 is opened, and the insertion guide 40 is inserted into the handle body 211. The power unit 10 is then inserted into the handle body 211 along the frame of the insertion guide 40 until the power engagement part 17 of the power unit 10 engages with the adapter engagement part 24 of the adapter unit 20, thus achieving the engagement of the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20. Since the insertion guide 40 covers the upper side of the handle body 211 and the rotating head housing 231, it can completely isolate the power unit 10 from the handle body 211, preventing bacterial contamination. After the power unit 10 and the adapter unit 20 are engaged, the insertion guide 40 is removed, and the handle cover 212 is snapped onto the handle body 211, thus completing the loading of the surgical instrument 100. At this time, the main controller 18 receives the assembly completion signal sent by the magnetic sensor 163, and the display device 19 displays the relevant signals indicating that the installation is complete. After the operation is completed, the handle cover 212 can be opened first, and then the unlocking member 174 can be pressed down to move the sliding unlocking member 174 to the outside of the adapter slot 241; pulling the power unit 10 upward will move the power unit 10 out of the handle body 211 of the adapter unit 20.

[0083] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument (100), characterized in that, include: The adapter unit (20) includes a handle housing (21) and an elongated body assembly (22) connected to the distal end of the handle housing via a rotating head assembly (23), the elongated body assembly defining a longitudinal axis (C), the handle housing including a handle body (211) having a receiving chamber and a handle cover (212) located on the upper side of the handle body, and an adapter engagement portion (24) provided on the proximal side of the rotating head assembly; A reusable power unit (10) includes a drive housing (11) and a drive assembly (12, 13) housed within the drive housing, the drive assembly being adapted to provide driving force. The power unit has a power engagement (17) at its distal end, the power engagement including a sliding lock (171) operable to slide relative to the drive housing (11), the sliding lock being adapted to operably engage with the adapter engagement (24) to mount the power unit (10) within the handle body (211).

2. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding locking member (171) can be driven to move between a first position and a second position in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (C). When the sliding locking member is in the first position, the adapter engagement (24) is operably engaged with the power unit (10). When the sliding locking member is in the second position, the adapter engagement (24) is disengaged from the power unit (10).

3. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power engagement portion (17) further includes a first elastic element (173), which is mounted on the distal end face of the drive housing (11) and acts on the sliding lock (171), and is adapted to provide a biasing force to the sliding lock to hold it in a first position.

4. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The power engagement portion (17) further includes an unlocking member (174), which engages with the wedge surface of the sliding locking member (171), and the unlocking member moves along a first direction to push the sliding locking member to a second position.

5. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The adapter engagement portion (24) includes an adapter snap-fit ​​groove (241) disposed on the proximal end face of the rotating head assembly (23). When the sliding locking member (171) is in the first position, at least a portion of the sliding locking member is located within the adapter snap-fit ​​groove.

6. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly (12, 13) includes a drive output rod (121, 131), the adapter unit (20) includes a transmission rod (221, 222), the power engagement part (17) further includes a plug notch (121a, 131a) disposed on the far side of the drive output rod, and the adapter engagement part (24) further includes an annular plug groove (221a, 222a) disposed on the near side of the transmission rod. When the power unit (10) engages with the adapter unit (20), the plug notch and the annular plug groove cooperate to restrict the relative movement between the transmission rod (221, 222) and the drive output rod (121, 131) along the longitudinal axis.

7. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating head assembly (23) further includes an initial position retainer (233) that defines the initial position of the transmission rod (221, 222). When the power unit (10) is not engaged with the adapter unit (20), the initial position retainer engages with the annular insertion groove (221a, 222a) of the transmission rod. When the power unit (10) is engaged with the adapter unit (20), the initial position retainer is operably disengaged from the transmission rod (221, 222).

8. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power unit (10) has an unlocking lever (175) at its far end that cooperates with the initial position holding member (233). When the power unit (10) is engaged with the adapter unit (20), the unlocking lever (175) triggers the initial position holding member (233) to move away from the transmission rod (221, 222).

9. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, A guide structure is provided between the proximal side of the rotating head assembly (23) and the distal side of the drive housing (11), the guide structure having a guide slide extending in a first direction.

10. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The rotating head assembly (23) has a first electrical connection part (242) near its proximal side, and the power unit (10) has a second electrical connection part (176) at its distal end. The power unit (10) also includes a main controller (18). The second electrical connection part (176) is electrically connected to the main controller (18). When the adapter unit (20) is properly adapted to the power unit (10), the second electrical connection part (176) and the first electrical connection part (242) are electrically connected to form a conductive circuit, providing the main controller (18) with a signal that the adapter unit and the power unit are properly engaged.

11. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The proximal end face of the rotating head assembly (23) includes a first surface located on the upper side and a second surface located on the lower side. The first surface and the second surface are transitioned by a first step surface facing upward. The first step surface is provided with the first electrical connection part (242). The distal end face of the drive housing (11) includes a third surface located on the upper side and a fourth surface located on the lower side. The third surface and the fourth surface are transitioned by a second step surface facing downward. The second step surface is provided with the second electrical connection part (176). When the power unit (10) is engaged with the adapter unit (20), the second electrical connection part (176) cooperates with the first electrical connection part (242).

12. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The proximal side of the transmission rod (221, 222) is located in the region of the first stepped surface near the proximal end face of the rotary head assembly (23), and the proximal end of the transmission rod extends to the outside of the first surface and extends to a position near the second surface; the distal side of the drive output rod (121, 131) is located in the region of the second stepped surface near the distal end face of the drive housing (11), and the distal end of the drive output rod (121, 131) extends to the outside of the third surface of the drive housing (11) and extends to a position near the fourth surface.

13. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The drive assembly (12, 13) includes a drive motor (122, 132), a drive gear set, and a lead screw and nut assembly that are connected to the drive output rod (121, 131). The drive gear set includes a driving gear (123, 133) and a driven gear (124, 134) that are meshed together. The lead screw and nut assembly includes a transmission screw (125, 135) connected to the driven gear and a transmission nut (126, 136) threaded onto the transmission screw. The drive output rod (121, 131) is connected to the transmission nut (126, 136). The rotational power of the drive motor (122, 132) is converted into linear motion of the drive output rod (121, 131) along the longitudinal axis through the drive gear set and the lead screw and nut assembly.

14. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The drive housing (11) is provided with a mounting bracket (15), the drive motor (122, 132) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, the transmission screw (125, 135) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket through a thrust bearing (127, 137), and the transmission screw (125) is provided with a force sensor (129) for detecting the transmission force.

15. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 14, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (15) is also provided with limiting plates (151, 152) to restrict the rotation of the transmission nut (126, 136). The transmission nut is provided with fins on both sides of the axis of the transmission screw (125, 135), and the fins of the transmission nut abut against the limiting plates on both sides of the transmission screw.

16. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The power unit (10) also includes an energy storage device (14) which is detachably connected to the lower side of the drive housing (11).

17. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The power unit (10) includes a first circuit board (161) and a second circuit board (162) that are electrically connected to each other. A mounting bracket or the mounting bracket (15) is provided inside the drive housing (11). The first circuit board is mounted on the upper side of the mounting bracket, and the second circuit board is mounted on the lower side of the mounting bracket. A main controller or the main controller (18) is mounted on the first circuit board (161), and the energy storage device (14) is electrically connected to the second circuit board (162).

18. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, One end of the handle cover (212) is pivotally connected to the handle body (211), and the other end is engaged with the handle body (211).

19. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 10 to 18, characterized in that, A sensing component is also provided between the handle cover (212) and the power unit (10). The sensing component senses the connection status between the handle cover (212) and the handle body (211) and sends a sensing signal to the main controller (18).

20. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 19, characterized in that, The sensing component includes a magnetic sensor (163) installed inside the drive housing (11) and a magnetic trigger (25) installed on the inner wall of the handle cover (212). After the handle cover (212) is connected to the handle body (211), the magnetic trigger (25) triggers the magnetic sensor (163) to emit a sensing signal.

21. The surgical instrument (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that, It also includes an insertion guide (40) adapted to engage with the opening area of ​​the handle body (211) and the rotating head assembly (23) when the handle cover (212) is open, so as to isolate the power unit (10) from the handle body (211) and the rotating head assembly (23) during the insertion of the power unit (10) into the handle body (211).

22. The surgical instrument (100) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The insertion guide (40) is constructed as a frame that matches the shape of the opening area of ​​the handle body (211). The frame is formed by an opening frame (41) that mates with the handle body (211) and an arc-shaped connecting plate (42) located on the far side and mates with the rotating head shell (231) of the rotating head assembly (23). The opening frame (41) is U-shaped, and at least a portion of its bottom area is provided with an insertion interface that covers the side wall of the handle body (211).

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