Polymeric dispersants stabilize graphenic carbon co-dispersions to overcome aggregation limits and boost electrical conductivity in coatings.
Sol-gel polymerization creates porous nitrogenated carbon catalysts that boost oxygen reduction efficiency without noble metals.
Transferring a carbon nanotube array via van der Waals forces eliminates adhesive binders, preserving alignment and enabling expensive growing substrate reuse.
Basket milling with zirconia beads and surfactants disperses carbon nanotubes without damaging structural integrity.
Alkali metal hydroxides react with biomass to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, reducing energy intensity and safety risks of conventional gasification.
A three-stage gasification process converts pyrolysis coke into activated carbon using its own product gas.
A regenerative heat exchanger uses a raised discharge port to create gas-liquid two-phase flow.
Parallel detection lines braided with Teflon thread enable capacitance and resistance sensing for nonconductive liquids like oil.
Chemical activating agents mediate pore formation in carbonaceous material, reducing energy input and material loss during activation.
Separating combustion and calcination stages recovers excess heat as steam, reducing fossil fuel consumption by 30-50%.