A shoulder dislocation repair system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shoulder dislocation repair system, comprising: a working channel device for delivering a graft bone block from the front side of the shoulder joint, a guiding device for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the back to the front, and a fixing device for fixing the graft bone block in front of the glenoid. The shoulder dislocation repair system of the present invention simplifies the number of surgical tools and optimizes the structural design of surgical tools, thereby optimizing the surgical process and improving surgical efficiency; the shoulder dislocation repair system can use a posterior approach to establish the glenoid bone marrow, avoiding the dense areas of the arteries, veins, nervous system, and lymphatic system on the front side of the shoulder joint, so that the wound is small, the damage to the human body is small, the requirements for doctors are low, the surgical risk is small, and it is easy to promote; the use of suture steel plate pressure fixation can avoid the complications related to screw fixation; the bone removal site is changed to the ilium, which does not change the original physiological structure of the human body and will not cause unknown risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shoulder joint repair, and in particular to a shoulder joint dislocation repair system. Background Art

[0002] The shoulder joint is the joint with the greatest range of motion in the human body. Its dislocation accounts for more than 40% of all joint dislocations in the body, of which anterior dislocations account for the vast majority. As the frequency of anterior dislocations of the shoulder joint increases, damage to the anterior and inferior glenoid labrum is often accompanied by varying degrees of bone defects. Currently, the mainstream treatment for recurrent shoulder dislocation is the anterior approach, where the coracoid process of the scapula is harvested and transplanted to the bone defect and then fixed with screws to achieve the purpose of repairing bone defects and treating dislocations.

[0003] Conventional shoulder glenoid bone grafting device combinations all use an anterior approach for treatment, which has obvious disadvantages. For example: (1) The anterior side of the shoulder joint is a dense area of ​​arteries, veins, nervous systems, and lymphatic systems, and the risk of surgery on the anterior side is relatively high; the coracoid process is connected to the coracoacromial ligament, and the cut coracoid process is not separated from the coracoacromial ligament. After transplantation, the original physiological structure of the human body is changed, and the risk is unknown; the cut coracoid process needs to be polished and cut before it can be used for transplantation. This process is likely to cause damage to the coracoacromial ligament and the human body; the anterior approach has a large incision and causes greater damage to the human body; the anterior approach requires a high level of operation and proficiency for the operator, and the operation threshold is high; (2) The repair device contains many tools and is difficult to operate. The field of view that can be observed during the use of the working channel device is small and unclear. During the channel expansion process, it is easy to damage nerves, arteries, veins and other human tissues. After the working channel is expanded, specific equipment is required to fix the working channel tube, otherwise the working channel tube is prone to displacement; the resistance to the simultaneous advancement of the various parts of the working channel device is relatively large, and advancement is somewhat difficult; (3) The guide tool structure in the repair device is large in design and occupies a large space. In the process of fixing it on the shoulder joint bone, it is not only inconvenient to operate but also has a poor fixation effect. The process of fixing the guide on the shoulder joint bone has many operating steps, which reduces the efficiency of the operation. After the guide needle is inserted, it must be withdrawn along the original route. Due to the limitation of the withdrawal space, the operation speed is slow; (4) The fixation method of fixing the coracoid bone to the worn shoulder joint with screws is difficult to operate and the operation process is complicated. It is prone to complications such as postoperative reduction failure and shoulder joint pain.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shoulder dislocation repair system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shoulder dislocation repair system in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A shoulder dislocation repair system is provided, comprising: a working channel device for delivering a graft bone block from the front side of the shoulder joint, a guiding device for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from back to front, and a fixing device for fixing the graft bone block in front of the glenoid.

[0008] Preferably, the working channel device comprises: a working channel with a hollow interior and an expansion component passing through the working channel and detachably connected to the working channel;

[0009] The proximal end of the working channel is provided with an outer edge, and a limiting groove is provided on the outer edge; the outer wall of the proximal end of the working channel is provided with an external thread; the distal end of the working channel is provided with an operation window;

[0010] The expansion assembly comprises: a guide rod, an expansion head fixedly connected to the distal end of the guide rod, and an expansion handle sleeved on the outer wall of the proximal end of the guide rod; the guide rod and the expansion head are provided with a first guide needle channel along the axial direction; the expansion head comprises: a cylindrical body coaxial with the guide rod and tapered truncated cones provided at both ends of the cylindrical body; the outer diameter of the cylindrical body matches the inner diameter of the working channel; the distal end of the expansion handle is provided with a limit block matched with the limit groove;

[0011] The expansion component passes through the working channel, the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove, and the tapered cone at the far end of the expansion head extends out from the far end of the working channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the operation window is opened along the axial direction and radial direction of the working channel, the length of the operation window is 20%-25% of the length of the working channel, and the edge corners of the operation window are all rounded corners.

[0013] Furthermore, the external thread is selected from a rectangular thread, a trapezoidal thread or a serrated thread, and has a smooth surface.

[0014] Preferably, the guiding device comprises: a positioning frame and a positioning rod;

[0015] The positioning frame includes a guide rod and a guide handle arranged on the lower surface of the proximal end of the guide rod; a guide block is arranged at the proximal end of the upper surface of the guide rod, and a guide needle release port with a width matching the outer diameter of the positioning guide needle is arranged at the upper end of the guide block; a fixing tip is arranged at the distal end of the upper surface of the guide rod, and the fixing tip faces the proximal end; a receiving cavity is vertically arranged at the proximal end of the guide rod; a positioning channel is arranged along the axial direction of the guide block, and the positioning channel is connected with the receiving cavity; a limit assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity;

[0016] The distal end of the positioning rod is provided with a positioning tip; the lower surface of the positioning rod is provided with a one-way tooth; the positioning rod is provided with a second guide needle channel along the axial direction;

[0017] The positioning rod passes through the positioning channel and cooperates with the fixing tip to be fixed on the bone of the shoulder joint; the upper end of the limiting component extends from the accommodating cavity and is stuck in two adjacent teeth of the one-way tooth.

[0018] Furthermore, the accommodating cavity is cylindrical, and the upper end of the accommodating cavity is closed.

[0019] Further, the limiting assembly includes: a limiting top screw fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the accommodating cavity, a limiting spring fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting top screw, and a limiting tooth fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting spring;

[0020] The limit tooth comprises: a cylindrical body, a clamping edge arranged at the lower end of the body, teeth arranged at the upper end of the body, and a mounting hole opened on the lower surface of the body; the outer diameter of the body matches the inner diameter of the closing; the outer diameter of the clamping edge is larger than the inner diameter of the closing, but smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity; the upper end surface of the limit spring is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the mounting hole;

[0021] The upper end of the limiting tooth extends out from the accommodating cavity and is clamped into two adjacent teeth of the one-way tooth.

[0022] Preferably, the fixing device comprises: a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a locking wire for connecting the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and a traction wire for traction of the locking wire to move;

[0023] The first fixing plate comprises: a first plate body, a pair of first threading holes opened on the first plate body, and a first wire groove for connecting the two first threading holes, and the ends of the first threading holes and the first wire groove are both provided with transition fillets (i.e., the hole corners are bluntly rounded to prevent cutting wires, the same below);

[0024] The second fixing plate comprises: a second plate body and a pair of second threading holes opened on the second plate body; the ends of the second threading holes are provided with transition fillets, and the second threading holes are provided with notches near the edge of the second plate body so as to communicate with the outside;

[0025] The end of the locking wire is pulled, and the relative positions of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are adjusted accordingly.

[0026] Furthermore, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are made of medical titanium alloy.

[0027] Further, one end of the locking wire is passed through the first threading hole on one side and the first threading hole on the other side in sequence, and the above steps are repeated once to form a coil and a wire segment; and then the part of the coil away from the first fixing plate is installed into the second threading hole through the notch;

[0028] The line segment partially overlaps with the coil, and the line segment wraps the overlapping section of the coil to form an arc-shaped braided surface. The inner cavity of the braided surface is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the locking wire.

[0029] Furthermore, the second plate body is provided with a pair of third threading holes and a second wire groove for connecting the two third threading holes, and the ends of the third threading holes and the second wire groove are both provided with transition fillets.

[0030] Further, one end of the locking wire is sequentially passed through the first threading hole on one side, the second threading hole on the same side, the first threading hole on the other side, and the second threading hole on the side, and the above steps are repeated once to form a coil and a wire segment; the initial distance between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate is 200-250 mm;

[0031] The line segment partially overlaps with the coil, and the line segment wraps the overlapping section of the coil to form an arc-shaped braided surface, and the inner cavity of the braided surface is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the locking wire;

[0032] The pulling wire is folded in half after passing through the second threading hole.

[0033] Furthermore, the locking wire and the pulling wire are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;

[0034] Further, the locking wire is a braided wire, and a wire tube is provided on the portion of the locking wire passing through the second threading hole;

[0035] Furthermore, by pulling the end of the line segment, the coil contracts, and the relative positions of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are adjusted accordingly.

[0036] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0037] The shoulder dislocation repair system of the present invention simplifies the number of surgical tools and optimizes the structural design of surgical tools, thereby optimizing the surgical process and improving surgical efficiency; the shoulder dislocation repair system can adopt a posterior approach to establish the glenoid bone marrow surgery, avoiding the dense areas of arteries, veins, nervous systems, and lymphatic systems on the front side of the shoulder joint, so that the wound is small, the damage to the human body is small, the requirements for doctors are low, the surgical risk is small, and it is easy to promote; the use of suture steel plate pressure fixation can avoid the complications related to screw fixation; the bone removal site is changed to the ilium, which does not change the original physiological structure of the human body and will not cause unknown risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the working channel device in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the working channel in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 For along Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure after the M-M' section;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion component in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide device in the present invention (wherein a limit assembly is provided at B);

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the one-way tooth and the limiting assembly in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the limiting component in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning frame in the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the positioning frame in the present invention (the guide handle is not shown);

[0047] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning rod in the present invention;

[0048] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing device in the present invention;

[0049] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the locking wire and the first fixing plate in the present invention;

[0050] Fig.13 for Fig.12 The enlarged schematic diagram of P in the middle;

[0051] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first fixing plate in the present invention;

[0052] Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of the second fixing plate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.16 is a schematic structural diagram of the second fixing plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 17-23 is a schematic flow chart of the operation of the shoulder dislocation repair system of the present invention;

[0055] Working channel device 1, working channel 101, limiting groove 102, operation window 103, external thread 104, guide rod 105, expansion head 106, limiting block 107, first guide needle channel 108, outer edge 109, guide device 2, positioning rod 201, guide rod 202, fixed tip 203, guide block 204, positioning channel 205, positioning tip 206, one-way tooth 207, accommodating cavity 208, limiting tooth 209, limiting spring 210, limiting top screw 211, second guide needle channel 212, guide needle release port 213, clamping edge 214, mounting hole 215, fixing device 3, first fixing plate 301, second fixing plate 302, locking wire 303, traction wire 304, first threading hole 305, second threading hole 306, coil 307, wire segment 308, braided surface 309, first wire groove 310, wire tube 311, third threading hole 312, second wire groove 313, positioning guide needle 4, shoulder joint 5, ilium 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment provides a shoulder dislocation repair system, comprising: a working channel device 1 for delivering a graft bone block from the front side of the shoulder joint, a guide device 2 for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the back to the front, and a fixing device 3 for fixing the graft bone block in front of the glenoid;

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the working channel device 1 comprises: a working channel 101 with a hollow interior and an expansion component passing through the working channel 101 and detachably connected to the working channel 101;

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, a limiting groove 102 is provided at the proximal end of the working channel 101, and an operating window 103 is provided at the distal end, and the edge corners of the operating window 103 are all rounded corners; an external thread 104 is provided on the outer wall of the proximal end of the working channel 101;

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, the expansion assembly includes: a guide rod 105, an expansion head 106 fixedly connected to the distal end of the guide rod 105, and an expansion handle sleeved on the outer wall of the proximal end of the guide rod 105; the expansion head 106 includes: a cylindrical body coaxial with the guide rod 105 and a tapered truncated cone arranged at both ends of the cylindrical body; the outer diameter of the cylindrical body matches the inner diameter of the working channel 101; the guide rod 105 and the expansion head 106 are provided with a first guide needle channel 108 along the axial direction; the distal end of the expansion handle is provided with a limit block 107 matched with the limit groove 102;

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the expansion assembly passes through the working channel 101, the limiting block 107 is inserted into the limiting groove 102, and the tapered cone at the distal end of the expansion head 106 extends out from the distal end of the working channel 101;

[0065] Insert the installed working channel 1 into the minimally invasive wound, turn the handle, and the working channel 101 and the expansion component are pushed into the wound synchronously to expand the wound. The tapered cone greatly reduces the pushing resistance. Finally, most of the working channel 101 is pushed into the wound, and the end of the wound squeezes the external thread 104 on the working channel 101 to fix the position of the working channel 101. The expansion component can be withdrawn to perform subsequent operations. The one-way open operation window 103 not only ensures a clear surgical field of view, but also protects the other side to prevent damage to human tissues such as nerves, arteries, and veins. When the surgical site needs to be changed, only the working channel 101 needs to be rotated to expose the target.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the guiding device 2 includes: a positioning frame and a positioning rod 201;

[0067] like Figure 8 As shown, the positioning frame includes a guide rod 202 and a guide handle provided on the lower surface of the proximal end of the guide rod 202; a guide block 204 is provided at the proximal end of the upper surface of the guide rod 202, and a fixing tip 203 is provided at the distal end, and the fixing tip 203 faces the proximal end; a receiving cavity 208 is vertically opened at the proximal end of the guide rod 202; a positioning channel 205 is opened along the axial direction of the guide block 204, and the positioning channel 205 is connected to the receiving cavity 208; Figure 6 As shown, a limiting component is provided in the accommodating cavity 208, such as Figure 7 As shown, the limiting assembly includes: a limiting top screw 211 fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the accommodating cavity 208, a limiting spring 210 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting top screw 211, and a limiting tooth 209 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting spring 210;

[0068] like Fig.10 As shown, the distal end of the positioning rod 201 is provided with a positioning tip 206; the lower surface of the positioning rod 201 is provided with a one-way tooth 207; the positioning rod 201 is provided with a second guide needle channel 212 along the axial direction;

[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, the positioning rod 201 passes through the positioning channel 205 and cooperates with the fixing tip 203 to be fixed on the bone of the shoulder joint; the upper end of the limiting tooth 209 extends from the accommodating cavity 208 and is stuck in two adjacent teeth of the one-way tooth 207;

[0070] When using the guide device 2, hold the guide handle and first fix the fixing tip 203 at the right end of the guide rod 202 to the back of the shoulder joint bone, then push the positioning rod 201 in the direction of the fixing tip 203 through the positioning channel 205. During the pushing process, the limiting tooth 209 moves downward and rebounds under the pushing action of the one-way tooth 207 and the elastic force of the limiting spring 210 until the pushing of the positioning rod 201 stops. At this time, the positioning tip 206 of the positioning rod 201 is also fixed on the bone of the shoulder joint, and is locked by the cooperation of the fixing tip 203 and the positioning tip 206. The bones of the shoulder joint are ensured by the one-way teeth 207 provided at the lower end of the positioning rod 201 to ensure that the positioning rod 201 can only move in one direction, that is, it cannot move backward. The positioning guide needle 4 is clamped by a medical electric drill, and the positioning guide needle 4 is inserted along the second guide needle channel 212. The bones of the shoulder joint are punched through the positioning guide needle 4. After the drilling is completed, the locator rod 201 rotates 180° in the circumferential direction, so that the one-way teeth 207 are upward and not restricted by the limiting teeth 209. The positioning rod 201 can be easily withdrawn, and then the positioning guide needle 4 can be withdrawn. The operation is convenient and efficient.

[0071] like Fig.11As shown, the fixing device 3 includes: a first fixing plate 301, a second fixing plate 302, a locking line 303 for connecting the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302, and a traction line 304 for traction the locking line 303 to move;

[0072] like Fig.14 As shown, the first fixing plate 301 includes: a first plate body and a pair of first threading holes 305 opened on the first plate body;

[0073] like Fig.15 As shown, the second fixing plate 302 includes: a second plate body and a pair of second threading holes 306 opened on the second plate body; the second threading holes 306 are provided with a notch near the edge of the second plate body so as to communicate with the outside;

[0074] like Fig.12 As shown, one end of the locking wire 303 is passed through the first threading hole 305 on one side and the first threading hole 305 on the other side in sequence, and the above steps are repeated once to form a coil 307 and a line segment 308; Fig.11 As shown, the portion of the coil 307 away from the first fixing plate 301 is installed into the second threading hole 306 through the notch;

[0075] like Fig.13 As shown, the line segment 308 partially overlaps with the coil 307, and the line segment 308 wraps the overlapping section of the coil 307 to form an arc-shaped braided surface 309, and the inner cavity of the braided surface 309 is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the locking wire 303;

[0076] like Fig.12 As shown, the end of the line segment 308 is pulled, the coil 307 contracts, and the relative positions of the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 are adjusted accordingly;

[0077] Holes are made on the shoulder joint and the graft (i.e., the bone used to fill the worn bone: ilium). Under the traction of the traction line 304, the locking line 303 is provided with a wire tube 311 that passes through the holes on the shoulder joint and the ilium. At this time, the first fixing plate 301 is fixed on the shoulder joint, and the second fixing plate 302 is quickly installed. The end of the wire segment 308 is pulled so that the second fixing plate 302 is in contact with the ilium. The two wire segments 308 are knotted and fixed and then cut off. In this process, the friction force formed by the first fixing plate 301 or the second fixing plate 302 and the coil 307, the friction force formed by the arc-shaped braided surface 309 of the coil 307 and the wire segment 308, and the friction force formed between the ilium and the coil 307 and the wire segment 308 make the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 self-lock.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the proximal end of the working channel 101 is provided with an outer edge 109, and the limiting groove 102 is opened on the outer edge 109, so as to ensure that the structural strength of the working channel 101 is not affected; the operating window 103 is opened along the axial and radial directions of the working channel 101, and the length of the operating window 103 is 20%-25% of the length of the working channel 101. Within this range, it can ensure that the operating field of view is large and clear, and the structural strength of the working channel 101 is not affected.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, the accommodating cavity 208 is cylindrical, and the upper end of the accommodating cavity 208 is closed (that is, the inner diameter of the closed end is smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity 208); Figure 7 As shown, the limiting tooth 209 includes: a cylindrical body, a clamping edge 214 provided at the lower end of the body, teeth provided at the upper end of the body, and a mounting hole 215 opened on the lower surface of the body;

[0080] The outer diameter of the main body matches the inner diameter of the closing; the outer diameter of the clamping edge 214 is larger than the inner diameter of the closing, but smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating chamber 208; the teeth cooperate with the teeth of the one-way teeth 207 to form a limit, and when subjected to the thrust of the positioning rod 201, the limit teeth 209 will move up and down but the clamping edge 214 is always restricted below the closing, ensuring the stability of the limit teeth 209 when forming a clamping limit with the one-way teeth 207; the upper end face of the limit spring 210 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the mounting hole 215.

[0081] like Fig. 9 As shown, a guide needle release port 213 is provided at the upper end of the guide block 204, and the width of the guide needle release port 213 matches the outer diameter of the positioning guide needle 4. After the drilling is completed and the positioning rod 201 is withdrawn, it is only necessary to move the positioning guide needle 4 upward to move it out of the guide needle release port 213, and the positioning guide needle 4 can be quickly withdrawn.

[0082] like Fig.11 As shown, the portion of the locking wire 303 passing through the second threading hole 306 is sleeved with a wire tube 311, and the wire tube 311 limits the relative positions of the coil 307 and the wire segment 308, so that the coil 307 and the wire segment 308 are more regular.

[0083] like Fig.14 As shown, a first wire groove 310 for connecting the pair of first wire threading holes 305 is opened on the first plate body, and the ends of the first wire threading holes 305 and the first wire groove 310 are both provided with transition fillets.

[0084] like Fig.15As shown, the end of the second threading hole 306 is provided with a transition fillet, and the purpose of setting the transition fillet is to minimize the friction of the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 on the locking wire 303 to prevent the locking wire 303 from being damaged during the process of pulling the wire segment 308.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment, the external thread 104 is selected from a rectangular thread, a trapezoidal thread or a serrated thread, and has a smooth surface, thereby ensuring that the squeezing force and friction force with the starting end of the minimally invasive incision are increased without damaging the skin tissue, and the position of the working channel 101 can be fixed without the aid of other specific tools.

[0086] As a preferred embodiment, the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 are made of medical titanium alloy.

[0087] As a preferred embodiment, the locking wire 303 and the pulling wire 304 are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

[0088] This embodiment further provides an operating method of the shoulder dislocation repair system as described above, the steps comprising:

[0089] Step 1: Fig.17 As shown, after the surgical incision is made, the working channel device 1 is screwed into the surgical site as a whole, and the entry depth of the working channel device 1 is fine-tuned by rotating the handle left and right;

[0090] Step 2: If Fig.18 As shown, after the working channel device 1 is delivered as a whole to the target position, the expansion component is withdrawn, leaving only the working channel 101;

[0091] Step 3: If Fig.19 As shown, the guide device 2 is sent to the surgical site along the working channel tube 101, and after being moved to the target position, it is locked and fixed by the cooperation of the positioning tip 206 and the fixing tip 203. For the sake of clarity, the working channel 101 is hidden in the figure;

[0092] Step 4: Fig. 20 As shown, a medical electric drill is used to clamp the positioning guide needle 4, and the guide device 2 is withdrawn after drilling through the second guide needle channel 212 to the fixed tip 203. For the sake of clarity, the working channel 101 is hidden in the figure;

[0093] Step 5: Fig.21 As shown, along the bone tunnel pulling traction wire 304 prepared in step 4, the locking wire 303 is pulled to the opposite side of the bone tunnel where the wire tube 311 is provided;

[0094] Step 6: Fig. 22 As shown, withdraw the traction line 304 and install the second fixing plate 302 as shown in the figure;

[0095] Step 7: Fig.23 As shown, after adjusting the position, tighten the line segment 308 so that the first fixing plate 301 abuts against the back of the shoulder joint and the second fixing plate abuts against the ilium. After the line segment 308 is fixed, the working channel 101 can be withdrawn.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] This embodiment provides another shoulder dislocation repair system, which is different from the first embodiment in that: Fig.16 As shown, a pair of third threading holes 312 and a second wire groove 313 for connecting the pair of third threading holes 312 are opened on the second plate body, and the ends of the third threading holes 312 and the second wire groove 313 are both provided with transition fillets;

[0098] Further, one end of the locking wire 303 is sequentially passed through the first threading hole 305 on one side, the second threading hole 306 on the same side, the first threading hole 305 on the other side and the second threading hole 306 on the side, and the above steps are repeated once to form a coil 307 and a line segment 308; the initial distance between the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 is 200-250 mm;

[0099] The line segment 308 partially overlaps with the coil 307, and the line segment 308 wraps the overlapping section of the coil 307 to form an arc-shaped braided surface 309, and the inner cavity of the braided surface 309 is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the locking wire 303;

[0100] The pulling wire 304 passes through the second threading hole 306 and then folds in half.

[0101] The traction line 304 pulls the second fixing plate 302 through the holes made on the shoulder joint 5 and the ilium 6, so that the second fixing plate 302 does not need to be installed on site. Instead, the line segment 308 is directly pulled out after the second fixing plate 302 passes through the bone tunnel made by the positioning guide needle 4, so that the relative positions of the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 are reduced until they respectively contact the shoulder joint and the ilium. The advantage of this operation method is that the operation is more convenient, and the disadvantage is that the aperture of the bone tunnel made by the positioning guide needle needs to be enlarged to facilitate the passage of the second fixing plate 302.

[0102] In summary, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0103] (1) Simplify the number of surgical tools, optimize the structural design of surgical tools, optimize the surgical process, and improve surgical efficiency. The repair device can use a posterior approach to establish the glenoid bone marrow, avoiding the dense areas of arteries, veins, nervous system, and lymphatic system on the front side of the shoulder joint; the incision is small, causing less damage to the human body; the requirements for doctors are low, the surgical risk is low, and it is easy to promote; the use of suture steel plate pressure fixation can avoid the complications related to screw fixation; the bone removal site is changed to the iliac bone, which does not change the original physiological structure of the human body and will not cause unknown risks;

[0104] (2) The operating window ensures a clear surgical field of view while protecting the other side to prevent damage to human tissues such as nerves, arteries, and veins. When the surgical site needs to be changed, the working channel only needs to be rotated to expose the target site. The external thread on the working channel tube is squeezed at the end of the wound, and the thread is rounded to ensure that the squeezing force and friction force with the beginning of the minimally invasive wound are increased without damaging the skin tissue. The position of the working channel can be fixed without the help of other specific tools. The limit block of the expansion handle is stuck in the limit groove of the working channel, and the tapered cone at the end of the expansion head extends from the working channel. The installed working channel device is inserted into the minimally invasive wound, and the expansion handle is screwed. The working channel and the expansion component are simultaneously pushed into the wound to expand the wound. The tapered cone greatly reduces the pushing resistance.

[0105] (3) The guide device has a simple structural design and occupies little space. By holding the guide handle, the guide rod is first fixed to the back of the shoulder joint bone through the fixing tip at the right end of the guide rod, and then the positioning rod is pushed toward the fixing tip through the positioning channel. During the pushing process, the limiting tooth moves downward and rebounds under the pushing action of the one-way tooth and the elastic force of the limiting spring until the positioning rod is stopped. At this time, the positioning tip of the positioning rod is also fixed on the shoulder joint bone; it can be quickly and conveniently fixed to the shoulder joint bone, and the shoulder joint bone is locked by the cooperation of the fixing tip and the positioning tip. One-way teeth are provided to ensure that the locator rod can only move in one direction, that is, it cannot move backward. A medical electric drill is used to clamp the positioning guide needle, and the positioning guide needle is inserted along the guide needle hole. The bone of the shoulder joint is punched through the positioning guide needle. After the drilling is completed, the positioning rod is rotated 180° circumferentially so that the one-way teeth face upward without being restricted by the limiting teeth. The positioning rod can be easily withdrawn, and then the positioning guide needle can be withdrawn. The operation is convenient and efficient. After the drilling is completed and the positioning rod is withdrawn, it is only necessary to move the positioning guide needle upward to move it out of the guide needle release port, and the positioning guide needle can be quickly withdrawn, thereby improving the efficiency of the operation.

[0106] (4) The fixing method of the fixing device is simple and durable, the surgical operation is easy, the operation process is simple, it will not fail after the operation, and it is not easy to cause complications. Holes are made on the shoulder joint and the graft (used to fill the worn bone block). Under the traction of the traction line, the locking line is provided with a wire tube to pass through the shoulder joint and the holes on the bone block used to fill the worn bone. At this time, the first fixing plate is fixed on the shoulder joint, and the second fixing plate is quickly installed. The end of the wire segment is pulled so that the second fixing plate is in contact with the bone block used to fill the worn bone. The two wire segments are knotted and fixed and then cut off.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the implementation mode and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shoulder dislocation repair system, characterized in that: include: A working channel device (1) for delivering a bone graft from the front of the shoulder joint, a guide device (2) for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the back to the front, and a fixing device (3) for fixing the bone graft in front of the glenoid; Wherein, the guiding device (2) comprises: a positioning frame and a positioning rod (201); The positioning frame comprises a guide rod (202) and a guide handle arranged on the lower surface of the proximal end of the guide rod (202); a guide block (204) is arranged at the proximal end of the upper surface of the guide rod (202), and a guide needle release port (213) whose width matches the outer diameter of the positioning guide needle (4) is provided at the upper end of the guide block (204); a fixing tip (203) is arranged at the distal end of the upper surface of the guide rod (202), and the fixing tip (203) faces the proximal end; a receiving cavity (208) is vertically provided at the proximal end of the guide rod (202); a through positioning channel (205) is provided on the guide block (204) along the axial direction, and the positioning channel (205) is connected to the receiving cavity (208); a limit assembly is provided in the receiving cavity (208); The distal end of the positioning rod (201) is provided with a positioning tip (206); the lower surface of the positioning rod (201) is provided with a one-way tooth (207); the positioning rod (201) is provided with a second guide needle channel (212) along the axial direction; The positioning rod (201) passes through the positioning channel (205) and cooperates with the fixing tip (203) to be fixed on the bone of the shoulder joint; the upper end of the limiting component extends from the accommodating cavity (208) and is inserted into two adjacent teeth of the one-way tooth (207); Wherein, the accommodating cavity (208) is cylindrical, and the upper end of the accommodating cavity (208) is closed; The limiting assembly comprises: a limiting top screw (211) fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the accommodating cavity (208), a limiting spring (210) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting top screw (211), and a limiting tooth (209) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting spring (210); The limiting tooth (209) comprises: a cylindrical main body, a clamping edge (214) arranged at the lower end of the main body, teeth arranged at the upper end of the main body, and a mounting hole (215) opened on the lower surface of the main body; the outer diameter of the main body matches the inner diameter of the closing end; the outer diameter of the clamping edge (214) is larger than the inner diameter of the closing end, but smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity (208); the upper end surface of the limiting spring (210) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the mounting hole (215); The upper end of the limiting tooth (209) extends out from the accommodating cavity (208) and is inserted into two adjacent teeth of the one-way tooth (207); The fixing device (3) comprises: a first fixing plate (301), a second fixing plate (302), a locking line (303) for connecting the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302), and a traction line (304) for traction of the locking line (303); The first fixing plate (301) comprises: a first plate body, a pair of first threading holes (305) formed on the first plate body, and a first wire groove (310) for connecting the two first threading holes (305), and the ends of the first threading holes (305) and the first wire groove (310) are both provided with transition fillets; The second fixing plate (302) comprises: a second plate body and a pair of second threading holes (306) opened on the second plate body; the ends of the second threading holes (306) are provided with transition fillets, and the second threading holes (306) are provided with notches near the edge of the second plate body so as to communicate with the outside; The end of the locking line (303) is pulled, and the relative positions of the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) are adjusted accordingly; The first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) are made of medical titanium alloy.

2. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working channel device (1) comprises: a working channel (101) with a hollow interior, and an expansion component passing through the working channel (101) and detachably connected to the working channel (101); The proximal end of the working channel (101) is provided with an outer edge (109), and a limiting groove (102) is provided on the outer edge (109); an outer thread (104) is provided on the outer wall of the proximal end of the working channel (101); and an operation window (103) is provided at the distal end of the working channel (101); The expansion assembly comprises: a guide rod (105), an expansion head (106) fixedly connected to the distal end of the guide rod (105), and an expansion handle sleeved on the outer wall of the proximal end of the guide rod (105); the guide rod (105) and the expansion head (106) are provided with a first guide needle channel (108) along the axial direction; the expansion head (106) comprises: a cylindrical body coaxial with the guide rod (105) and tapered cones provided at both ends of the cylindrical body; the outer diameter of the cylindrical body matches the inner diameter of the working channel (101); the distal end of the expansion handle is provided with a limit block (107) matched with the limit groove (102); The expansion component passes through the working channel (101), the limiting block (107) is inserted into the limiting groove (102), and the tapered cone at the far end of the expansion head (106) extends out from the far end of the working channel (101).

3. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operating window (103) is opened along the axial direction and radial direction of the working channel (101); the length of the operating window (103) is 20%-25% of the length of the working channel (101); and the edge corners of the operating window (103) are all rounded corners; The external thread (104) is selected from a rectangular thread, a trapezoidal thread or a sawtooth thread, and has a smooth surface.

4. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pass one end of the locking wire (303) through the first threading hole (305) on one side and the first threading hole (305) on the other side in turn, repeating once to form a coil (307) and a line segment (308); then install the portion of the coil (307) away from the first fixing plate (301) into the second threading hole (306) through the notch; The line segment (308) partially overlaps with the coil (307), and the line segment (308) wraps the overlapping section of the coil (307) to form an arc-shaped braided surface (309), and the inner cavity of the braided surface (309) is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the locking wire (303).

5. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second plate body is also provided with a pair of third threading holes (312) and a second wire groove (313) for connecting the two third threading holes (312), and the ends of the third threading holes (312) and the second wire groove (313) are both provided with transition fillets.

6. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Passing one end of the locking wire (303) through the first threading hole (305) on one side, the second threading hole (306) on the same side, the first threading hole (305) on the other side, and the second threading hole (306) on the side in sequence, and repeating once to form a coil (307) and a wire segment (308); the initial distance between the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) is 200-250 mm; The line segment (308) partially overlaps with the coil (307), and the line segment (308) wraps the overlapping section of the coil (307) to form an arc-shaped braided surface (309), and the inner cavity of the braided surface (309) is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the locking wire (303); The pulling wire (304) is folded in half after passing through the second threading hole (306).

7. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The locking wire (303) and the pulling wire (304) are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; The locking wire (303) is a braided wire, and the portion of the locking wire (303) passing through the second threading hole (306) is sleeved with a wire tube (311); By pulling the end of the line segment (308), the coil (307) contracts, and the relative positions of the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) are adjusted accordingly.

Images