A monitoring and sampling device for forest litter layer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a monitoring and sampling device for forest litter layers, which includes a sampling cylinder I, a control mechanism I, a control mechanism II, a fixing mechanism, a control mechanism III, a sampling cylinder II, and a power mechanism; the sampling cylinder I and the sampling cylinder II are arranged below the fixing mechanism, and the sampling cylinder II is arranged inside the sampling cylinder I; the control mechanism I is arranged above the sampling cylinder I and is movably connected to the fixing mechanism; the control mechanism III is movably connected to the control mechanism II; the power mechanism is arranged on the fixing mechanism, and the power mechanism is movably connected to the sampling cylinder I; the sampling cylinder II is fixed at the bottom end of the control mechanism II; the control mechanism II includes a cylinder body, a fixing plate, a motor I, an installation groove I, a connecting rod I, a supporting arm I, an installation groove V, a pushing block II, a spring, a supporting arm II, a guiding shaft I, a fixing flange, and a conical head. The present invention can effectively sample the litter layer, making the sampling process fast and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dead branches and leaves sampling, and particularly relates to a monitoring and sampling device for forest dead branches and leaves layer. Background Art

[0002] The dead branches and leaves layer refers to the organic matter layer formed on the surface of the mineral soil under forest vegetation, also known as the dead vegetation layer, including undecomposed fallen materials and decomposed organic matter layers. The forest dead branches and leaves layer can be divided into three sub-layers according to its decomposition degree: the first is the undecomposed dead branches and leaves layer, which is composed of newly fallen leaves, twigs, fruits, bark, etc., and the original shape of the covering layer can still be identified; the second is the semi-decomposed dead branches and leaves layer, in which the covering layer has been partially decomposed, but their structures can still be distinguished; the third is the coarsely humified dead branches and leaves layer, which has been completely decomposed into mud and cannot be distinguished.

[0003] As the main source of forest soil organic matter, it has extremely important significance for restoring forest soil fertility, improving tree nutrition and enhancing forest productivity; therefore, the research on the dead branches and leaves layer is of great significance for forest protection and forest ecological research.

[0004] During the research process, it is necessary to sample the dead branches and leaves layer. When researchers collect samples in the wild, they will directly damage the original structure, and bringing them back to the laboratory for processing and research will affect the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the research results; at the same time, the sampling process is time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a monitoring and sampling device for forest dead branches and leaves layer, which can effectively sample the dead branches and leaves layer and make the sampling process fast and convenient.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A monitoring and sampling device for forest dead branches and leaves layer includes sampling cylinder I, control mechanism I, control mechanism II, fixing mechanism, control mechanism III, sampling cylinder II, and power mechanism; sampling cylinder I and sampling cylinder II are arranged below the fixing mechanism, and sampling cylinder II is arranged inside sampling cylinder I; control mechanism I is arranged above sampling cylinder I and is movably connected to the fixing mechanism; control mechanism III is movably connected to control mechanism II; the power mechanism is arranged on the fixing mechanism, and the power mechanism is movably connected to sampling cylinder I; sampling cylinder II is fixed at the bottom end of control mechanism II.

[0008] The fixing mechanism includes fixing disk I, fixing disk II, fixing shaft, and fixing disk III; the fixing shaft is fixedly connected to fixing disk I, fixing disk II, and fixing disk III, a handle is provided on fixing disk III, an annular groove II is provided on fixing disk II, an annular groove I is provided on fixing disk I, and fixing disk II is arranged between fixing disk I and fixing disk III.

[0009] The top of the sampling cylinder I is provided with a bevel gear I, a guide groove I, and a fixing column. The top of the fixing column is provided with a disc, and the disc is arranged in the annular groove I. The fixing column is fixed to the top of the sampling cylinder I by bolts; a flow guide plate is arranged inside the sampling port of the sampling cylinder I and is fixed by bolts.

[0010] The power mechanism includes a motor II, a bearing seat, and a bevel gear II. The motor II is fixed on the fixing disc II, and a sprocket is provided at the output shaft end. The bearing seat is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing disc I. The bevel gear II is connected to the bearing seat through a rotating shaft. A sprocket is provided at one end of the rotating shaft and is connected to the sprocket at the output shaft end of the motor II through a chain; the bevel gear I meshes with the bevel gear II.

[0011] The control mechanism I includes a ring I, a ring II, a rotating ring, an adjusting ring, a fixing frame, a control rod I, a control rod II, a control rod III, a support plate I, a support plate II, and a support plate III; the ring I, the ring II, and the rotating ring are sleeved on the fixing mechanism, and the ring II is arranged between the ring I and the rotating ring; a clamping plate is provided on the inner circle of the rotating ring, and the clamping plate is arranged in the annular groove II; several groups of the fixing frames are provided and fixed on the top of the sampling cylinder I; the adjusting ring is arranged on the top of the sampling cylinder I. Several trapezoidal blocks and paddles are provided on the circumference of the adjusting ring. Several guide columns are provided at the bottom of the adjusting ring, and the guide columns are arranged in the guide groove I. The trapezoidal blocks are arranged in the fixing frame; several groups of the control rod I and the control rod II are provided. A pair of the control rod I and the control rod II are provided in each group of the fixing frames. Wedge-shaped blocks are provided at the ends of the control rod I and the control rod II. The control rod I and the control rod II are arranged oppositely. Threads are provided at the other ends of the control rod I and the control rod II. The control rod I and the control rod II are movably connected to the fixing frame, the adjusting ring, the ring I, and the ring II; the ring II is connected to the control rod I by bolts, and the ring I is connected to the control rod II by bolts.

[0012] Six groups of the control rod III are provided. One end of the control rod III passes through the top of the sampling cylinder I and is movably connected. A control shaft is provided at the top of the control rod III and is movably connected to the paddle. The other end is hinged to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder I and is located above the flow guide plate; one end of the support plate I is rotatably connected to the control rod III. A connecting plate with a movable connection is provided on the support plate I, and one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder I; one end of the support plate III is fixedly connected to the end of the control rod III. A blade is provided on one side of the support plate III. Several groups of the support plate II are provided. The support plate II is arranged between the support plate I and the support plate III. One end of the support plate II is rotatably connected to the control rod III. The support plate II is stacked up and down with each other. Several guide shafts are provided on one side of the support plate II, and several guide grooves II are provided on the other side. The adjacent support plates II are movably connected by inserting the guide shafts into the guide grooves II; a guide shaft on the support plate III is arranged in the guide groove II on the support plate II. A guide groove II is provided at the bottom of the support plate I and is slidably connected to the guide shaft on the support plate II. The support plate I, the support plate II, and the support plate III are arranged above the flow guide plate.

[0013] The control mechanism II includes a cylinder, a fixing plate, a motor I, a mounting groove I, a connecting rod I, a supporting arm I, a mounting groove V, a pushing block II, a spring, a supporting arm II, a guiding shaft I, a fixing flange, and a tapered head; the cylinder is hollow and is movably connected to a sampling cylinder I, a fixing plate I, a fixing plate II, and a fixing plate III. The fixing plate is fixed to the top end of the cylinder, the fixing flange is fixed to the bottom end of the cylinder, and the tapered head is fixedly connected to the fixing flange by bolts; the motor I is fixed on the fixing plate III, the output shaft of the motor I passes through the fixing plate III and is provided with a sprocket, and a sprocket is provided on the cylinder and is located below the fixing plate. The sprocket on the cylinder is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end of the motor I by a chain; the mounting groove I and the mounting groove V are provided at the bottom end of the cylinder, the mounting groove I and the mounting groove V are vertically corresponding, the supporting arm I is arranged in the mounting groove I, one end of the supporting arm I is hinged to the cylinder, and the supporting arm I is provided with a slot I, a mounting groove II, a slot II, and a mounting groove III. A pair of supporting arms II are arranged in the slot I, one end of the supporting arm II is hinged to the supporting arm I, the pushing block II is arranged in the mounting groove III, the pushing block II is provided with an insertion plate II and is arranged in the slot II, and the pushing block II is provided with a connecting rod II. One end of the connecting rod II is hinged to the pushing block II, and the other end is hinged to the supporting arm II; the spring and the guiding shaft I are arranged in the mounting groove III, one end of the guiding shaft I is fixedly connected to the pushing block II, and the spring is sleeved on the guiding shaft I; the connecting rod I is arranged in the mounting groove V, one end of the connecting rod I is hinged to the cylinder, and the other end is provided with a pushing block I. The pushing block I is hinged to the connecting rod I, the pushing block I is arranged in the mounting groove III, the pushing block I is provided with an insertion plate I and is arranged in the slot II; there is a gap between the pushing block I and the pushing block II.

[0014] The control mechanism III includes a control rod V, a fixing seat, a gear, a pin, an L-shaped fixing plate, and a connecting rod III; the control rod V is arranged inside the cylinder, one end of the connecting rod III is hinged to the control rod V, and the other end is hinged to the supporting arm I. The fixing seat and the L-shaped fixing plate are fixed on the fixing plate. The gear is arranged on the fixing seat through a rotating shaft, several jacks are provided on the gear, a jack is provided on the fixing seat, and the pin is inserted into the jack to fix the gear; one end of the control rod V is inserted into the L-shaped fixing plate, and the top end of the control rod V is provided with teeth and meshes with the gear.

[0015] The sampling cylinder II includes a cylinder body I and a cylinder body II; overflow holes are provided on the cylinder body I and the cylinder body II; a T-shaped groove is provided on the end face of the cylinder body I, and a through port is provided at the top end of the T-shaped groove; a T-shaped block is provided on the end face of the cylinder body II.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0017] 1) By lifting Ring Ⅰ and pressing Ring Ⅱ, the wedge block at the end of Control Rod Ⅰ pushes the trapezoidal block to rotate the adjusting ring. Further, by lifting Ring Ⅱ and pressing Ring Ⅰ, the wedge block at the end of Control Rod Ⅱ pushes the trapezoidal block to reverse-rotate the adjusting ring; through the rotation of the adjusting ring, the control shaft is then toggled by the dial, and then Control Rod Ⅲ is rotated, thereby driving the rotation of Support Plate Ⅲ, so that one end of Support Plate Ⅲ rotates to be supported on the fixed flange, and thus Support Plate Ⅱ is pulled by Support Plate Ⅲ to fan out and block the sampling port of Sampling Tube Ⅰ; the control mechanism Ⅱ controls the reverse rotation of the adjusting ring to reset and retract Support Plate Ⅲ, Support Plate Ⅰ, and Support Plate Ⅱ; during this process, since there is a blade on one side of Support Plate Ⅲ, it is convenient to cut off dead branches and fallen leaves.

[0018] 2) By rotating the gear to drive the lowering of Control Rod Ⅴ, and then pushing Support Arm Ⅰ to expand outwards through Link Ⅲ. During the process of Support Arm Ⅰ expanding, Link Ⅰ pushes Push Block Ⅰ to slide in Installation Slot Ⅲ. As Support Arm Ⅰ continues to expand, Push Block Ⅰ pushes Push Block Ⅱ to slide along Installation Slot Ⅲ, and then pulls Support Arm Ⅱ to rotate and expand from Slot Ⅰ through Link Ⅱ. Support Arm Ⅰ and Support Arm Ⅱ cooperate to support and compress dead branches and fallen leaves to prevent them from slipping when Sampling Tube Ⅰ is lifted; when the gear is rotated in the reverse direction, Control Rod Ⅴ is lifted, and Support Arm Ⅰ is gradually reset by pulling through Link Ⅲ. First, Link Ⅰ synchronously pulls Push Block Ⅰ to reset, then the spring pushes Push Block Ⅱ to reset, Push Block Ⅱ pushes Support Arm Ⅱ to complete the reset through Link Ⅱ, and finally Support Arm Ⅰ completes the reset. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Attached Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a forest dead branches and fallen leaves layer monitoring sampling device of the present invention;

[0020] Attached Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the fixing mechanism in the attached;

[0021] Attached Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the control mechanism Ⅰ in the attached;

[0022] Attached Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the control mechanism Ⅲ in the attached;

[0023] Attached Figure 5 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting ring in the attached;

[0024] Attached Figure 6 is Figure 1 a schematic internal structural diagram of Sampling Tube Ⅰ in the attached;

[0025] Attached Figure 7 is Figure 6Schematic diagram of the unfolded effect of the middle support plate I, support plate II, and support plate III;

[0026] Appendix Figure 8 is the appendix Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the middle support plates II; Figure 1 ;

[0027] Appendix Figure 9 is the appendix Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the middle support plates II; Figure 2 ;

[0028] Appendix Figure 10 is the appendix Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle guide plate;

[0029] Appendix Figure 11 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle sampling cylinder II; Figure 1 ;

[0030] Appendix Figure 12 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle sampling cylinder II; Figure 2 ;

[0031] Appendix Figure 13 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the end structure of the control mechanism II; Figure 1 ;

[0032] Appendix Figure 14 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the end structure of the control mechanism II; Figure 2 ;

[0033] Appendix Figure 15 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the end structure of the control mechanism II; Figure 3 ;

[0034] Appendix Figure 16 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the end structure of the control mechanism II; Figure 4 ;

[0035] Appendix Figure 17 is the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the end structure of the control mechanism II; Figure 5 ;

[0036] Appendix Figure 18 is the appendix Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the end cross-sectional structure of the cylinder;

[0037] Appendix Figure 19 is the appendix Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle support arm I;

[0038] Appendix Figure 20 is the appendixFigure 13 Schematic diagram of the unfolding effect of the strut arms Ⅰ and Ⅱ at the end of the middle cylinder

[0039] In the figure: 1. Sampling cylinder Ⅰ; 1011. Bevel gear Ⅰ; 1012. Guide groove Ⅰ; 102. Fixed column; 1021. Disc; 103. Deflector; 2. Control mechanism Ⅰ; 201. Ring Ⅰ; 202. Ring Ⅱ; 203. Rotating ring; 2031. Clamping plate; 204. Adjusting ring; 2041. Trapezoidal block; 2042. Paddle; 2043. Guide post; 205. Fixed frame; 206. Control rod Ⅰ; 2061. Wedge block; 207. Control rod Ⅱ; 208. Control rod Ⅲ; 2081. Control shaft; 209. Support plate Ⅰ; 2091. Connecting plate; 210. Support plate Ⅱ; 2101. Guide shaft; 2102. Guide groove Ⅱ; 211. Support plate Ⅲ; 3. Control mechanism Ⅱ; 301. Cylinder; 302. Fixed plate; 303. Motor Ⅰ; 304. Installation groove Ⅰ; 305. Connecting rod Ⅰ; 3051. Pushing block Ⅰ; 30511. Inserting plate Ⅰ; 306. Strut arm Ⅰ; 3061. Slot Ⅰ; 3062. Installation groove Ⅱ; 3063. Slot Ⅱ; 3064. Installation groove Ⅲ; 307. Installation groove Ⅴ; 308. Pushing block Ⅱ; 3081. Inserting plate Ⅱ; 3082. Connecting rod Ⅱ; 309. Spring; 310. Strut arm Ⅱ; 311. Guide shaft Ⅰ; 312. Fixed flange; 313. Taper head; 4. Fixing mechanism; 401. Fixed disc Ⅰ; 4011. Annular groove Ⅰ; 402. Fixed disc Ⅱ; 4021. Annular groove Ⅱ; 403. Fixed shaft; 404. Fixed disc Ⅲ; 4041. Handle; 5. Control mechanism Ⅲ; 501. Control rod Ⅴ; 5011. Teeth; 502. Fixed seat; 503. Gear; 5031. Jack; 504. Plug pin; 505. L-shaped fixing plate; 506. Connecting rod Ⅲ; 6. Sampling cylinder Ⅱ; 601. Cylinder body Ⅰ; 6011. Overflow hole; 6012. T-shaped groove; 60121. Through port; 602. Cylinder body Ⅱ; 6021. T-shaped block; 7. Power mechanism; 701. Motor Ⅱ; 702. Bearing seat; 703. Bevel gear Ⅱ. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] For the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further specifically described below in conjunction with the attached Figure 1-20 , drawings.

[0041] A monitoring and sampling device for forest litter layer, comprising a sampling cylinder I 1, a control mechanism I 2, a control mechanism II 3, a fixing mechanism 4, a control mechanism III 5, a sampling cylinder II 6, and a power mechanism 7; the sampling cylinder I 1 and the sampling cylinder II 6 are arranged below the fixing mechanism 4, and the sampling cylinder II 6 is arranged inside the sampling cylinder I 1; the control mechanism I 2 is arranged above the sampling cylinder I 1 and is movably connected to the fixing mechanism 4; the control mechanism III 5 is movably connected to the control mechanism II 3; the power mechanism 7 is arranged on the fixing mechanism 4, and the power mechanism 7 is movably connected to the sampling cylinder I 1; the sampling cylinder II 6 is fixed at the bottom end of the control mechanism II 3; this device has two usage methods. When only a small amount of samples need to be taken, hold the handle 4041 and place the sampling cylinder II 6 at the sampling location, and then control the rotation of the sampling cylinder II 6 through the control mechanism II 3 to complete the sampling; when a large amount of sampling needs to be carried out at the sampling point, remove the sampling cylinder II 6, then install the sampling cylinder I 1 and the control mechanism I 2, and drive the rotation of the sampling cylinder I 1 through the power provided by the power mechanism 7 for sampling. At this time, if the main body of the samples in the sampling cylinder I 1 is mostly undecomposed dead branches and leaves, drive the control mechanism II 3 through the control mechanism III 5 to support and compress the dead branches and leaves in the sampling cylinder I 1 to prevent the dead branches and leaves from falling during the process of lifting the sampling cylinder I 1. Secondly, if the main body of the samples in the sampling cylinder I 1 is mostly rotten and thoroughly decomposed rotten mud-like leaf layer, block the bottom of the sampling cylinder I 1 through the control mechanism I 2 to prevent the samples from slipping when the sampling cylinder I 1 is lifted.

[0042] The fixing mechanism 4 includes a fixing disk I 401, a fixing disk II 402, a fixing shaft 403, and a fixing disk III 404; the fixing shaft 403 is fixedly connected to the fixing disk I 401, the fixing disk II 402, and the fixing disk III 404. A handle 4041 is provided on the fixing disk III 404, a circular groove II 4021 is provided on the fixing disk II 402, a circular groove I 4011 is provided on the fixing disk I 401, and the fixing disk II 402 is arranged between the fixing disk I 401 and the fixing disk III 404.

[0043] The top of the sampling cylinder I 1 is provided with a bevel gear I 1011, a guide groove I 1012, and a fixing column 102. The top of the fixing column 102 is provided with a disk 1021, the disk 1021 is arranged in the circular groove I 4011, and the fixing column 102 is fixed to the top of the sampling cylinder I 1 by bolts; a guide plate 103 is arranged inside the sampling port of the sampling cylinder I 1 and is fixed by bolts.

[0044] The power mechanism 7 includes a motor II 701, a bearing block 702, and a bevel gear II 703. The motor II 701 is fixed on the fixed disk II 402 and a sprocket is provided at the output shaft end. The bearing block 702 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed disk I 401. The bevel gear II 703 is connected to the bearing block 702 through a rotating shaft. A sprocket is provided at one end of the rotating shaft and is connected to the sprocket at the output shaft end of the motor II 701 through a chain. The bevel gear I 1011 meshes with the bevel gear II 703, and the sampling cylinder I 1 is driven to rotate along the annular groove I 4011 for sampling by the power provided by the motor II 701.

[0045] The control mechanism I 2 includes a ring I 201, a ring II 202, a rotating ring 203, an adjusting ring 204, a fixed frame 205, a control rod I 206, a control rod II 207, a control rod III 208, a support plate I 209, a support plate II 210, and a support plate III 211. The ring I 201, the ring II 202, and the rotating ring 203 are sleeved on the fixing mechanism 4, and the ring II 202 is arranged between the ring I 201 and the rotating ring 203. A clamping plate 2031 is provided on the inner circle of the rotating ring 203, and the clamping plate 2031 is arranged in the annular groove II 4021. A number of groups of the fixed frame 205 are provided and fixed on the top of the sampling cylinder I 1. The adjusting ring 204 is arranged on the top of the sampling cylinder I 1. A number of trapezoidal blocks 2041 and paddles 2042 are provided on the circumference of the adjusting ring 204. A number of guide posts 2043 are provided at the bottom of the adjusting ring 204, and the guide posts 2043 are arranged in the guide groove I 1012. The trapezoidal blocks 2041 are arranged in the fixed frame 205. A number of groups of the control rod I 206 and the control rod II 207 are provided. A pair of the control rod I 206 and the control rod II 207 are provided in each group of the fixed frame 205. Wedge-shaped blocks 2061 are provided at the ends of the control rod I 206 and the control rod II 207. The control rod I 206 and the control rod II 207 are arranged oppositely. Threads are provided at the other ends of the control rod I 206 and the control rod II 207. The control rod I 206 and the control rod II 207 are movably connected to the fixed frame 205, the adjusting ring 204, the ring I 201, and the ring II 202. The ring II 202 is connected to the control rod I 206 through a bolt, and the ring I 201 is connected to the control rod II 207 through a bolt. By lifting the ring I 201 and pressing the ring II 202, the wedge-shaped block 2061 at the end of the control rod I 206 is used to push the trapezoidal block 2041 to rotate the adjusting ring 204. Further, by lifting the ring II 202 and pressing the ring I 201, the wedge-shaped block 2061 at the end of the control rod II 207 is used to push the trapezoidal block 2041 to realize the reverse rotation of the adjusting ring 204.

[0046] The control rod III208 is provided with six groups, one end of the control rod III208 passes through the top of the sampling tube I1 and is movably connected, the top of the control rod III208 is provided with a control shaft 2081 and is movably connected to the paddle 2042, and the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the sampling tube I1 and is located above the guide plate 103; one end of the support plate I209 is rotatably connected to the control rod III208, and a movably connected connecting plate 2091 is provided on the support plate I209, and one end of the connecting plate 2091 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube I1; one end of the support plate III211 is fixedly connected to the end of the control rod III208, and a blade is provided on one side of the support plate III211; the support plate II210 is provided with a plurality of groups, and the support plate II210 is arranged between the support plate I209 and the support plate III211, and one end of the support plate II210 is rotatably connected to the control rod III208, and the support plates II210 are arranged in an up-and-down manner. The support plate Ⅱ210 is arranged to achieve the effect of layer-by-layer support. The side of one side of the support plate Ⅱ210 is provided with a plurality of guide shafts 2101, and the other side is provided with a plurality of guide grooves Ⅱ2102. The upper and lower adjacent support plates Ⅱ210 are movably connected by inserting the guide shafts 2101 into the guide grooves Ⅱ2102; the support plate Ⅲ211 is provided with a guide shaft 2101 arranged in the guide groove Ⅱ2102 on the support plate Ⅱ210, and the bottom of the support plate Ⅰ209 is provided with a guide groove Ⅱ2102 and is slidably connected with the guide shaft 2101 on the support plate Ⅱ210. The support plates Ⅰ209, Ⅱ210, and Ⅲ211 are arranged above the guide plate 103. When the sampling tube Ⅱ6 rotates to take samples, the guide plate 103 protects the support plates Ⅰ209, Ⅱ210, and Ⅲ211 from being damaged by dead branches, fallen leaves, etc., and the guide plate 103 can be disassembled and cleaned.

[0047] By rotating the adjusting ring 204, the control shaft 2081 is turned through the paddle 2042, and then the control rod III 208 is adjusted to rotate, thereby driving the support plate III 211 to rotate, so that one end of the support plate III 211 is rotated to the fixed flange 312 for support, thereby pulling the support plate II 210 to expand in a fan shape through the support plate III 211 to seal the sampling port of the sampling tube I 1; the adjusting ring 204 is controlled to reverse through the control mechanism II 3, and then the support plates III 211, I 209, and II 210 are reset and retracted. The expansion and retraction principle of the support plates I 209, II 210, and III 211 is similar to the use principle of a folding fan.

[0048] The control mechanism II 3 includes a cylinder 301, a fixing plate 302, a motor I 303, a mounting groove I 304, a connecting rod I 305, a supporting arm I 306, a mounting groove V 307, a pushing block II 308, a spring 309, a supporting arm II 310, a guiding shaft I 311, a fixing flange 312, and a tapered head 313. The cylinder 301 is hollow and is movably connected to the sampling cylinder I 1, the fixing plate I 401, the fixing plate II 402, and the fixing plate III 404. The fixing plate 302 is fixed to the top end of the cylinder 301, the fixing flange 312 is fixed to the bottom end of the cylinder 301, and the tapered head 313 is fixedly connected to the fixing flange 312 by bolts. The motor I 303 is fixed on the fixing plate III 404. The output shaft of the motor I 303 passes through the fixing plate III 404 and is provided with a sprocket. A sprocket is provided on the cylinder 301 and is located below the fixing plate 302. The sprocket on the cylinder 301 is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end of the motor I 303 by a chain. The cylinder 301 is driven to rotate by the power provided by the motor I 303. The mounting groove I 304 and the mounting groove V 307 are provided at the bottom end of the cylinder 301, and the mounting groove I 304 and the mounting groove V 307 are vertically corresponding. The supporting arm I 306 is arranged in the mounting groove I 304. One end of the supporting arm I 306 is hinged to the cylinder 301. The supporting arm I 306 is provided with a slot I 3061, a mounting groove II 3062, a slot II 3063, and a mounting groove III 3064. The mounting groove II 3062 is used to place the connecting rod I 305. A pair of supporting arms II 310 are arranged in the slot I 3061. One end of the supporting arm II 310 is hinged to the supporting arm I 306. The pushing block II 308 is arranged in the mounting groove III 3064. The pushing block II 308 is provided with an insertion plate II 3081 and is arranged in the slot II 3063. The pushing block II 308 is provided with a connecting rod II 3082. One end of the connecting rod II 3082 is hinged to the pushing block II 308, and the other end is hinged to the supporting arm II 310. The spring 309 and the guiding shaft I 311 are arranged in the mounting groove III 3064. One end of the guiding shaft I 311 is fixedly connected to the pushing block II 308, and the spring 309 is sleeved on the guiding shaft I 311. The connecting rod I 305 is arranged in the mounting groove V 307. One end of the connecting rod I 305 is hinged to the cylinder 301, and the other end is provided with a pushing block I 3051. The pushing block I 3051 is hinged to the connecting rod I 305. The pushing block I 3051 is arranged in the mounting groove III 3064. The pushing block I 3051 is provided with an insertion plate I 30511 and is arranged in the slot II 3063. There is a gap between the pushing block I 3051 and the pushing block II 308.

[0049] The control mechanism Ⅲ 5 includes a control rod Ⅴ 501, a fixed seat 502, a gear 503, a pin 504, an L-shaped fixing plate 505, and a connecting rod Ⅲ 506. The control rod Ⅴ 501 is arranged inside the cylinder 301. One end of the connecting rod Ⅲ 506 is hinged to the control rod Ⅴ 501, and the other end is hinged to the support arm Ⅰ 306. The fixed seat 502 and the L-shaped fixing plate 505 are fixed on the fixing plate 302. The gear 503 is arranged on the fixed seat 502 through a rotating shaft. A plurality of jacks 5031 are provided on the gear 503, and jacks 5031 are also provided on the fixed seat 502. The pin 504 is inserted into the jack 5031 to fix the gear 503. One end of the control rod Ⅴ 501 is inserted into the L-shaped fixing plate 505 and can slide up and down. Teeth 5011 are provided at the top of the control rod Ⅴ 501 and mesh with the gear 503.

[0050] By rotating the gear 503 to drive the control rod Ⅴ 501 to descend, and then pushing the support arm Ⅰ 306 to extend outwards through the connecting rod Ⅲ 506. During the process of the support arm Ⅰ 306 extending, the connecting rod Ⅰ 305 pushes the push block Ⅰ 3051 to slide in the installation groove Ⅲ 3064. As the support arm Ⅰ 306 continues to extend, the push block Ⅰ 3051 pushes the push block Ⅱ 308 to slide along the installation groove Ⅲ 3064, and then pulls the support arm Ⅱ 310 to rotate and unfold from the slot Ⅰ 3061 through the connecting rod Ⅱ 3082. The support arm Ⅰ 306 cooperates with the support arm Ⅱ 310 to support and compress the withered leaves and branches, preventing the withered leaves and branches from slipping when the sampling cylinder Ⅰ 1 is lifted. When the gear 503 is rotated in the reverse direction, the control rod Ⅴ 501 is lifted, and the support arm Ⅰ 306 is gradually pulled back through the connecting rod Ⅲ 506. First, the connecting rod Ⅰ 305 synchronously pulls the push block Ⅰ 3051 back, then the spring 309 pushes the push block Ⅱ 308 back. The push block Ⅱ 308 pushes the support arm Ⅱ 310 to complete the reset through the connecting rod Ⅱ 3082, and finally the support arm Ⅰ 306 completes the reset.

[0051] The sampling cylinder Ⅱ 6 includes a cylinder body Ⅰ 601 and a cylinder body Ⅱ 602. Overflow holes 6011 are provided on the cylinder body Ⅰ 601 and the cylinder body Ⅱ 602. A T-shaped groove 6012 is provided on the end face of the cylinder body Ⅰ 601, and a through port 60121 is provided at the top of the T-shaped groove 6012. A T-shaped block 6021 is provided on the end face of the cylinder body Ⅱ 602. When installing the sampling cylinder Ⅱ 6, first remove the cone head 313 at the end of the cylinder 301, and then combine the cylinder body Ⅰ 601 and the cylinder body Ⅱ 602. When combining, first insert the T-shaped block 6021 of the cylinder body Ⅱ 602 into the T-shaped groove 6012 along the through port 60121, then push the cylinder body Ⅱ 602 down along the T-shaped groove 6012 to align it with the cylinder body Ⅰ 601, and then connect and fix the cylinder body Ⅰ 601 and the cylinder body Ⅱ 602 to the fixed flange 312 through bolts.

[0052] The motor Ⅰ 303 provides power to drive the cylinder 301 to rotate, and then drives the sampling cylinder Ⅱ 6 to rotate to complete sampling. After sampling, the cylinder body Ⅰ 601 can be disassembled to take out the sample.

[0053] The above content is only an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present technology pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments, or use similar methods for substitution. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by this claim book, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring and sampling device for forest litter layer, comprising a sampling cylinder I, a control mechanism I, a control mechanism II, a fixing mechanism, a control mechanism III, a sampling cylinder II, and a power mechanism; characterized in that The sampling cylinder I and the sampling cylinder II are arranged below the fixing mechanism, and the sampling cylinder II is arranged inside the sampling cylinder I; the control mechanism I is arranged above the sampling cylinder I and is movably connected to the fixing mechanism; the control mechanism III is movably connected to the control mechanism II; the power mechanism is arranged on the fixing mechanism and is movably connected to the sampling cylinder I; the sampling cylinder II is fixed at the bottom end of the control mechanism II; The control mechanism II includes a cylinder, a fixing plate, a motor I, a mounting groove I, a connecting rod I, a supporting arm I, a mounting groove V, a pushing block II, a spring, a supporting arm II, a guiding shaft I, a fixing flange, and a tapered head; the cylinder is hollow and is movably connected to the sampling cylinder I, the fixing disk I, the fixing disk II, and the fixing disk III. The fixing plate is fixed at the top end of the cylinder, the fixing flange is fixed at the bottom end of the cylinder, and the tapered head is fixedly connected to the fixing flange by bolts; the motor I is fixed on the fixing disk III, the output shaft of the motor I passes through the fixing disk III and is provided with a sprocket, and a sprocket is arranged on the cylinder and is located below the fixing plate. The sprocket on the cylinder is connected to the sprocket at the end of the motor I shaft by a chain; the mounting groove I and the mounting groove V are arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder, the mounting groove I and the mounting groove V are vertically corresponding, the supporting arm I is arranged in the mounting groove I, one end of the supporting arm I is hinged to the cylinder, and the supporting arm I is provided with a slot I, a mounting groove II, a slot II, and a mounting groove III. A pair of supporting arms II are arranged in the slot I, one end of the supporting arm II is hinged to the supporting arm I, the pushing block II is arranged in the mounting groove III, the pushing block II is provided with an insertion plate II and is arranged in the slot II, and the pushing block II is provided with a connecting rod II. One end of the connecting rod II is hinged to the pushing block II, and the other end is hinged to the supporting arm II; the spring and the guiding shaft I are arranged in the mounting groove III, one end of the guiding shaft I is fixedly connected to the pushing block II, and the spring is sleeved on the guiding shaft I; the connecting rod I is arranged in the mounting groove V, one end of the connecting rod I is hinged to the cylinder, and the other end is provided with a pushing block I. The pushing block I is hinged to the connecting rod I, the pushing block I is arranged in the mounting groove III, the pushing block I is provided with an insertion plate I and is arranged in the slot II; there is a gap between the pushing block I and the pushing block II.

2. The forest litter layer monitoring and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The fixing mechanism includes a fixing disk I, a fixing disk II, a fixing shaft, and a fixing disk III; the fixing shaft is fixedly connected to the fixing disk I, the fixing disk II, and the fixing disk III. A handle is arranged on the fixing disk III, an annular groove II is arranged on the fixing disk II, an annular groove I is arranged on the fixing disk I, and the fixing disk II is arranged between the fixing disk I and the fixing disk III; A bevel gear I, a guiding groove I, and a fixing column are arranged at the top of the sampling cylinder I. A disk is arranged at the top of the fixing column, the disk is arranged in the annular groove I, and the fixing column is fixedly bolted to the top of the sampling cylinder I; a diversion plate is arranged inside the sampling port of the sampling cylinder I and is fixedly bolted.

3. The forest litter layer monitoring and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The power mechanism includes a motor II, a bearing seat, and a bevel gear II. The motor II is fixed on the fixing disk II and a sprocket is arranged at the end of the output shaft. The bearing seat is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing disk I. The bevel gear II is connected to the bearing seat through a rotating shaft. A sprocket is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft and is connected to the sprocket at the end of the output shaft of the motor II by a chain; the bevel gear I meshes with the bevel gear II.

4. A forest litter layer monitoring and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control mechanism I includes a ring I, a ring II, a rotating ring, an adjusting ring, a fixed frame, a control rod I, a control rod II, a control rod III, a support plate I, a support plate II, and a support plate III. The ring I, the ring II, and the rotating ring are sleeved on the fixing mechanism, and the ring II is arranged between the ring I and the rotating ring. A clamping plate is provided on the inner circle of the rotating ring, and the clamping plate is arranged in the annular groove II. A number of groups of the fixed frames are provided and fixed on the top of the sampling cylinder I. The adjusting ring is arranged on the top of the sampling cylinder I. A number of trapezoidal blocks and paddles are provided on the circumference of the adjusting ring. A number of guide posts are provided at the bottom of the adjusting ring, and the guide posts are arranged in the guide groove I. The trapezoidal blocks are arranged in the fixed frames. A number of groups of the control rod I and the control rod II are provided. A pair of the control rod I and the control rod II are provided in each fixed frame. Wedge-shaped blocks are provided at the ends of the control rod I and the control rod II. The control rod I and the control rod II are arranged oppositely. Threads are provided at the other ends of the control rod I and the control rod II. The control rod I and the control rod II are movably connected to the fixed frame, the adjusting ring, the ring I, and the ring II. The ring II is connected to the control rod I by a bolt, and the ring I is connected to the control rod II by a bolt.

5. The forest litter layer monitoring and sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that Six groups of the control rod III are provided. One end of the control rod III passes through the top of the sampling cylinder I and is movably connected. A control shaft is provided at the top of the control rod III and is movably connected to the paddle. The other end is hinged to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder I and is located above the flow guide plate. One end of the support plate I is rotatably connected to the control rod III. A connecting plate is movably connected to the support plate I, and one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder I. One end of the support plate III is fixedly connected to the end of the control rod III. A blade is provided on one side of the support plate III. A number of groups of the support plate II are provided. The support plate II is arranged between the support plate I and the support plate III. One end of the support plate II is rotatably connected to the control rod III. The support plate II is stacked up and down with each other. A number of guide shafts are provided on one side of the support plate II, and a number of guide grooves II are provided on the other side. The adjacent support plates II are movably connected by inserting the guide shafts into the guide grooves II. A guide shaft on the support plate III is arranged in the guide groove II on the support plate II. A guide groove II is provided at the bottom of the support plate I and is slidably connected to the guide shaft on the support plate II. The support plate I, the support plate II, and the support plate III are arranged above the flow guide plate.

6. The forest litter layer monitoring and sampling device according to claim 1, wherein The control mechanism III includes a control rod V, a fixed seat, a gear, a pin, an L-shaped fixing plate, and a connecting rod III. The control rod V is arranged inside the cylinder body. One end of the connecting rod III is hinged to the control rod V, and the other end is hinged to the support arm I. The fixed seat and the L-shaped fixing plate are fixed on the fixing plate. The gear is arranged on the fixed seat through a rotating shaft. A number of jacks are provided on the gear, and a jack is provided on the fixed seat. The pin is inserted into the jacks to fix the gear. One end of the control rod V is inserted into the L-shaped fixing plate, and teeth are provided at the top of the control rod V and mesh with the gear.

7. The monitoring and sampling device for forest litter layer according to claim 1, wherein The sampling cylinder II includes a cylinder body I and a cylinder body II. Overflow holes are provided on the cylinder body I and the cylinder body II. A T-shaped groove is provided on the end face of the cylinder body I, and a through port is provided at the top of the T-shaped groove. A T-shaped block is provided on the end face of the cylinder body II.

Images