A tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers

Abstract

This invention discloses a tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on an air barrier. A pulley is installed on a guide rail, with its lower end connected to the upper end of a first telescopic rod. The lower end of the first telescopic rod is connected to a groove at the tail end of a fan. A first filter, a second filter, and a third filter are sequentially installed inside the duct along the gas flow direction. A first pipe is installed on the first filter. A third pipe is installed at the top of the tunnel, and the third pipe is connected to an atomizer via the second pipe. The nozzle of the atomizer is located inside the exhaust port of the fan. The fire protection system includes a fire extinguisher, a directional rod, a fourth pipe, a fifth pipe, and a second telescopic rod slidably connected to the guide rail. The lower end of the second telescopic rod is connected to the fire extinguisher via the directional rod. A second bracket is installed at the front end of the fire extinguisher, and the nozzle of the fire extinguisher is fixed to the second bracket. This system can avoid traffic congestion at the tunnel entrance and simultaneously prevent harmful smoke and high temperatures from threatening the personal safety of firefighters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system, specifically a tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on an air barrier. Background Technology

[0002] Current technology typically involves installing fire detectors in tunnels. When a fire occurs in the tunnel, an alarm is sent to the relevant authorities. In tunnels without fire detectors, trapped individuals can only call for help, and by the time medical and fire personnel arrive, the optimal rescue opportunity may have been missed. Furthermore, prolonged high temperatures in tunnels are detrimental to the tunnel structure's safety. In severe cases, the concrete may crack, the reinforcing steel lining may fail and lose its supporting capacity, leading to tunnel collapse. Cable installations and other equipment within the walls are also susceptible to burn damage.

[0003] The main disadvantages of existing tunnel fire extinguishing technology are: (1) It takes a long time for firefighters to drive to the fire point, especially when there is traffic congestion at the tunnel entrance, they cannot enter the fire point to carry out timely fire extinguishing and rescue, resulting in poor timeliness and mobility, and significant safety hazards, which can easily cause casualties and property losses; (2) After a fire occurs, the visibility in the tunnel decreases, making it difficult to determine the cause of the fire, and the harmful smoke and high temperature generated after the fire pose a threat to the personal safety of firefighters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on an air barrier. This system can avoid traffic congestion at the tunnel entrance and prevent harmful smoke and high temperatures from threatening the personal safety of firefighters.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers described in this invention includes a smoke treatment system, a fire protection system, and a rescue system.

[0006] The flue gas treatment system includes a No. 1 telescopic rod, a fan, a No. 2 pipe, an air duct, and a guide rail fixed to the top of the tunnel. A pulley is installed on the guide rail, and the lower end of the pulley is connected to the upper end of the No. 1 telescopic rod. The lower end of the No. 1 telescopic rod is connected to the sliding groove at the tail end of the fan. The air duct is connected to the tail end of the fan through a first bracket. A No. 1 filter screen, a No. 2 filter screen, and a No. 3 filter screen are installed in sequence along the gas flow direction inside the air duct. A No. 1 pipe is installed on the No. 1 filter screen. A No. 3 pipe is installed on the top of the tunnel. The No. 3 pipe is connected to the atomizer through the No. 2 pipe. The nozzle of the atomizer is located in the exhaust port of the fan.

[0007] The fire protection system includes fire extinguishers, a directional rod, pipe No. 4, pipe No. 5, and a telescopic rod No. 2 that is slidably connected to the guide rail. The lower end of the telescopic rod No. 2 is connected to the fire extinguisher through the directional rod. The front end of the fire extinguisher is equipped with a second bracket, and the nozzle of the fire extinguisher is fixed on the second bracket. The rear end of the fire extinguisher is connected to pipe No. 3 through pipe No. 4 and pipe No. 5.

[0008] The rescue system includes a base that slides along a guide rail, with cables attached to the lower end of the base.

[0009] The front and rear sides of the duct are connected by a sleeve thread.

[0010] The mesh size of filter screen No. 1, filter screen No. 2 and filter screen No. 3 decreases in that order.

[0011] A pivot is located in the middle of the No. 1 filter screen, and the pivot is connected to the No. 1 filter screen by a latch.

[0012] The surfaces of filters No. 2 and No. 3 are coated with multiple layers of flue gas filtration catalytic membrane.

[0013] A recirculation device is installed at the bottom of the outer side of the air duct.

[0014] The front and rear ends of the wind turbine are equipped with a No. 1 monitor and a No. 2 monitor, respectively, and a No. 1 camera is installed at the bottom of the wind turbine.

[0015] A second camera is installed at the top of the second telescopic pole.

[0016] The fire extinguisher is equipped with a steering rod for adjusting the direction of the nozzle spray.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers described in this invention, in practical operation, employs a suspended installation method at the top of the tunnel for the smoke treatment system, fire protection system, and rescue system. The smoke treatment system extracts smoke from the tunnel, the fire protection system conducts firefighting operations within the tunnel, and the rescue system performs rescue operations. This overcomes the slow timeliness of manual firefighting, quickly isolating smoke generated by a fire within a certain area, preventing its spread, effectively reducing the content of harmful gases and particulate matter produced by the fire, and to a certain extent preventing external oxygen from entering the fire zone, thus aiding in fire suppression in tunnel 1. It should be noted that the rescue system in this invention provides a rapid rescue lifeline for people with mobility impairments, allowing them to be quickly moved away from the danger zone, avoiding trampling and injury to those with mobility impairments after a fire breaks out, or hindering their optimal escape time from the fire. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the flue gas treatment system in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the first filter screen in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, 1 is the tunnel, 2 is the air duct, 3 is the first filter screen, 4 is the rotating shaft, 5 is the latch, 6 is the first pipe, 7 is the second filter screen, 8 is the third filter screen, 9 is the fan, 10 is the first support, 11 is the exhaust port, 12 is the first telescopic rod, 13 is the guide rail, 14 is the pulley, 15-1 is the first monitor, 15-2 is the second monitor, 16 is the recovery device, 17 is the sleeve, 18 is the first camera, 19 is the nozzle, 20 is the atomizer, 21 is the chute, 22 is the second pipe, 23 is the third pipe, 24 is the steering rod, 25 is the fire extinguisher, 26 is the sprinkler head, 27 is the second support, 28 is the steering rod, 29 is the second telescopic rod, 30 is the second camera, 31 is the fourth pipe, 32 is the fifth pipe, 33 is the vehicle, 34 is the exhaust pipe, 35 is the cable, and 36 is the base. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the concepts disclosed in the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The accompanying drawings show structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not drawn to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0026] refer to Figures 1 to 4 The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers described in this invention includes a smoke treatment system, a fire protection system, and a rescue system.

[0027] The flue gas treatment system includes a guide rail 13 fixed to the top of tunnel 1, with pulleys 14 mounted on the guide rail 13. The lower end of the pulleys 14 connects to the upper end of a first telescopic rod 12, and the lower end of the first telescopic rod 12 connects to a groove 21 at the tail end of the fan 9. The first telescopic rod 12 adjusts the vertical height of the fan 9 through telescopic movement, and the bottom end of the first telescopic rod 12 can move and rotate within the groove 21 to change the orientation of the fan 9. The duct 2 is connected to the tail end of the fan 9 via a first bracket 10, and the front and rear sides of the duct 2 are threaded together via a sleeve 17, allowing for disassembly and replacement. Inside the duct 2, along the gas flow direction, are sequentially arranged filters 3 (first screen), 7 (second screen), and 8 (third screen), with the mesh size decreasing sequentially. A rotating shaft 4 is located in the middle of filter 3, connected to filter 3 via a locking mechanism 5. Filter 3 has a pipe 6 attached to it. During operation, by controlling the rotation of shaft 4 and the switching of locking mechanism 5, contaminants adhering to filter 3 are removed. Simultaneously, pipe 6 connects to an external water supply pipe to moisten filter 3 and extinguish any open flames that may pass through it. Filters 7 and 8 have multiple layers of flue gas filtration catalytic membrane on their surfaces. A collector 16 is located at the bottom of the outer side of the duct 2, automatically recovering the outermost, degraded filtration catalytic membrane. A first monitor 15-1 and a second monitor 15-2 are installed at the front and rear ends of the fan 9, respectively, to monitor the temperature and concentration of harmful gases at different locations inside the fan 9. A first camera 18 is installed at the bottom of the fan 9 for real-time monitoring of the fire situation. A third pipe 23 is installed at the top of the tunnel 1. The third pipe 23 is a multi-pipe integrated installation. The third pipe 23 is connected to the atomizer 20 through the second pipe 22. The nozzle 19 of the atomizer 20 is located in the exhaust port 11 of the fan 9 to discharge atomized water. After the fan 9 draws the smoke into the duct 2, it is purified and mixed with the atomized water sprayed from the nozzle 19, and then blown out at high speed from the exhaust port 11 to form an air barrier, reducing the air exchange rate near the fire scene and lowering the oxygen concentration near the fire, which helps to extinguish the fire in the tunnel 1. At the same time, it prevents the large-scale spread of harmful smoke generated at the fire scene. Furthermore, a movable exhaust pipe 34 is installed at the top of the tunnel 1 to absorb the harmful smoke escaping from the air barrier.

[0028] The fire protection system includes a second telescopic pole 29 that can slide on a guide rail 13 at the top of tunnel 1. A second rotating camera 30 is installed at the top of the second telescopic pole 29 to monitor the real-time fire situation. The lower end of the second telescopic pole 29 is connected to the fire extinguisher 25 through a directional lever 28. The second telescopic pole 29 adjusts the vertical height of the fire extinguisher 25 by telescopic movement. The directional lever 28 adjusts the telescopic length to adjust the turning angle of the fire extinguisher 25. A second bracket 27 is provided at the front end of the fire extinguisher 25, and the nozzle 26 of the fire extinguisher 25 is fixed on the second bracket 27. A turning lever 24 is provided on the fire extinguisher 25 to adjust the spray direction of the nozzle 26. The rear end of the fire extinguisher 25 is connected to the third pipe 23 through the fourth pipe 31 and the fifth pipe 32 to realize the transmission of solid and liquid fire extinguishing materials. When a fire occurs in vehicle 33, the nozzle 26 selects different fire protection measures according to the fire situation.

[0029] The rescue system includes a base 36 that slides on a guide rail 13 at the top of tunnel 1. A cable 35 is attached to the lower end of the base 36. The cable 35 is folded in standby mode and can be released and the hoisting seat opened as instructed. The height of the hoisting seat can be adjusted by extending and retracting the cable 35. The rescue system features independent video monitoring and voice communication systems, allowing personnel to obtain distress signals and communicate rescue plans. In the event of a fire, the rescue system moves to the distress location according to instructions. The cable 35 automatically releases and opens the hoisting seat. After the person in distress is secured, the system automatically plans a safe route through tunnel 1. With manual assistance, the cable 35 carries the person in distress to quickly leave the danger zone.

Claims

1. A tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on an air barrier, characterized in that, This includes smoke treatment systems, fire protection systems, and rescue systems; The flue gas treatment system includes a first telescopic rod (12), a fan (9), a second pipe (22), a duct (2), and a guide rail (13) fixed to the top of the tunnel (1). A pulley (14) is installed on the guide rail (13). The lower end of the pulley (14) is connected to the upper end of the first telescopic rod (12). The lower end of the first telescopic rod (12) is connected to the groove (21) at the tail end of the fan (9). The duct (2) is connected to the tail end of the fan (9) through a first... The bracket (10) is connected, and the air duct (2) is arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction with filter screen (3), filter screen (7) and filter screen (8). Filter screen (3) is equipped with pipe (6). Pipe (23) is installed at the top of the tunnel (1). Pipe (23) is connected to atomizer (20) through pipe (22). The nozzle (19) of atomizer (20) is located in the exhaust port (11) of fan (9). The fire protection system includes a fire extinguisher (25), a directional rod (28), a No. 4 pipe (31), a No. 5 pipe (32), and a No. 2 telescopic rod (29) that is slidably connected to the guide rail (13). The lower end of the No. 2 telescopic rod (29) is connected to the fire extinguisher (25) through the directional rod (28). The front end of the fire extinguisher (25) is provided with a second bracket (27). The nozzle (26) of the fire extinguisher (25) is fixed on the second bracket (27). The tail end of the fire extinguisher (25) is connected to the No. 3 pipe (23) through the No. 4 pipe (31) and the No. 5 pipe (32). The rescue system includes a base (36) that is slidably connected to a guide rail (13), and a cable (35) is provided at the lower end of the base (36). The front and rear sides of the air duct (2) are connected by a sleeve (17) thread; The mesh size of filter screen No. 1 (3), filter screen No. 2 (7) and filter screen No. 3 (8) decreases in sequence.

2. The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pivot (4) is provided in the middle of the No. 1 filter (3), and the pivot (4) is connected to the No. 1 filter (3) by a latch (5).

3. The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfaces of filter screen No. 2 (7) and filter screen No. 3 (8) are covered with multi-layer flue gas filtration catalyst membranes.

4. The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on an air barrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, A recirculator (16) is installed at the bottom of the outer side of the air duct (2).

5. The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front and rear ends of the blower (9) are equipped with a No. 1 monitor (15-1) and a No. 2 monitor (15-2) respectively, and a No. 1 camera (18) is installed at the bottom of the blower (9).

6. The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on an air barrier according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second camera (30) is installed at the top of the second telescopic pole (29).

7. The tunnel smoke treatment and fire rescue system based on air barriers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguisher (25) is equipped with a steering rod (24) for adjusting the spray direction of the nozzle (26).

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