Radial artery intelligent compression hemostat and control method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of radial artery hemostasis device, and particularly relates to a radial artery intelligent compression hemostasis device, which comprises a shell, a pressure sensor, a speed reducer and a compression rod, the pressure sensor and the speed reducer are both arranged in the shell, the fixed end of the pressure sensor is fixedly connected with the shell, the speed reducer is fixedly arranged at the measuring end of the pressure sensor, the output end of the speed reducer is threadedly connected with one end of the compression rod, a guide channel is arranged on the shell, the compression rod is slidingly arranged in the guide channel, the end of the compression rod away from the speed reducer is provided with a pressing plate, the pressing plate is exposed to the shell, a silica gel compression pad is detachably arranged on the pressing plate, a bandage is arranged on the shell, the bandage is used for binding the radial artery intelligent compression hemostasis device on the wrist of a patient, and at this time, the compression pad is pressed on the radial artery puncture point. The hemostasis device avoids long-time compression of the distal end of the radial artery, avoids insufficient pressure from causing bleeding, and most quickly achieves the purpose of radial artery compression hemostasis, and reduces secondary injury and sequelae after compression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radial artery hemostasis technology, and particularly relates to a radial artery intelligent compression hemostasis device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] The WHO predicts that cardiovascular disease will become the leading cause of death, and my country is poised to experience a peak in coronary heart disease incidence. Percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention (PCI) is currently one of the most widely used and essential treatments for coronary heart disease, and it is also the preferred method recommended by guidelines for treating STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction). Clinically, over 90% of PCI procedures are performed via radial artery puncture, and hemostasis at the radial artery puncture site is a crucial aspect of this procedure and directly impacts patient prognosis. Currently, there are two methods for compression hemostasis at the radial artery puncture site in clinical practice: First, applying local pressure with a self-made elastic bandage to the puncture site. However, this method cannot adjust the tightness, affecting venous return in the hand, causing limb pain, swelling, and numbness, followed by complications such as skin damage, forearm hematoma, and osteofascial syndrome. In severe cases, it can even cause vascular occlusion on the operated limb, increasing the risk of postoperative complications. Second, using a specialized radial artery hemostat for local compression hemostasis. Clinically, two types of radial artery hemostats are commonly used: the balloon type and the rotational compression type. The balloon type radial artery hemostat has a spherical compression balloon, providing large-area compression, making it difficult to accurately and effectively compress the puncture site. The rotational compression type radial artery hemostat is difficult to control and monitor the rotational pressure, easily leading to radial artery oozing into the subcutaneous tissue, which is not easily detected early. This makes the rotational compression type radial artery hemostat more prone to complications such as forearm swelling.

[0003] Using homemade elastic bandages or specialized radial artery hemostats to apply pressure to the radial artery puncture site for hemostasis relies heavily on physician experience to determine the initial and ongoing tightness of the bandage and the pressure applied by the hemostat. This carries the risk of complications due to excessive or insufficient pressure. Currently, specialized radial artery hemostats are consumables, and their high cost places a financial burden on patients. Therefore, the development of radial artery hemostats is of significant clinical value in reducing the cost of medical consumables while achieving scientific, precise, and effective pressure hemostasis at the radial artery puncture site, minimizing complications, reducing medical and nursing costs, alleviating patient suffering, and improving the patient experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of low pressure accuracy at the puncture point in existing radial artery hemostats, which can easily lead to ischemia due to pressure, and insufficient pressure causing bleeding, this invention provides a radial artery intelligent compression hemostat and its control method.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a radial artery intelligent compression hemostat includes a housing, a pressure sensor, a geared motor, and a compression rod. The pressure sensor and the geared motor are both disposed inside the housing. The fixed end of the pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the housing, and the geared motor is fixedly disposed at the measuring end of the pressure sensor. The output end of the geared motor is threadedly connected to one end of the compression rod. A guide channel is provided on the housing, and the compression rod is slidably disposed in the guide channel. A pressure plate is provided at the end of the compression rod away from the geared motor. The pressure plate is exposed outside the housing. A silicone compression pad is detachably fitted on the pressure plate. A strap is provided on the housing. The strap is used to tie the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat to the patient's wrist. At this time, the compression pad presses against the radial artery puncture point.

[0006] Preferably, the pressure plate is rectangular, and its length is aligned with the direction of the radial artery. Since the skin puncture point and the vascular puncture point at the radial artery puncture site do not coincide, they are generally distributed in two locations along the direction of the radial artery. The center of the pressure plate along its length should be roughly aligned with the vascular puncture point. This effectively prevents deviation of the pressure point from causing radial artery bleeding into the subcutaneous tissue, ensuring precise and effective pressure for hemostasis at the radial artery puncture site. Furthermore, the pressure pad conforms well to the skin, improving comfort.

[0007] Preferably, the pressure plate is equipped with two vibration sensors located at the proximal and distal ends of the radial artery puncture site. The two vibration sensors are used to monitor the pulse intensity at the proximal and distal ends, respectively. Based on the difference in pulse vibration amplitude between the proximal and distal pulse intensities, the blood flow patency at the distal end is determined, thereby adjusting the pressure of the pressure pad.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure plate is provided with multiple far-infrared temperature sensors along its length, located between two vibration sensors. Based on the temperature returned by the far-infrared temperature sensors, the presence and extent of bleeding are determined to adjust the pressure of the compression pad. Normally, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site is lower than body temperature and maintains a relatively stable temperature value. If bleeding occurs, blood seeps from the blood vessels onto the skin at the puncture site, causing a certain increase in temperature. If the bleeding continues, the temperature continues to rise, approaching body temperature. If the bleeding is temporary, the temperature will gradually stabilize and approach the initial skin temperature after the initial rise.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer casing is equipped with a display screen and buttons. Inside the casing, an integrated circuit board and a battery are also housed. The integrated circuit board includes a controller, an alarm horn, a clock chip, and a wireless charging coil. The geared motor, pressure sensor, display screen, buttons, controller, alarm horn, clock chip, wireless charging coil, and battery are all electrically connected to the integrated circuit board. The vibration sensor and far-infrared temperature sensor are electrically connected to the integrated circuit board via flexible flat cables, which pass sequentially through a pressure plate and a pressure rod. The wireless charging coil is used to charge the battery. The circuit layout is reasonable and reliable, easy to control and operate, and the wireless charging coil provides safe and convenient battery charging.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is a stress-strain pressure sensor; a fixing plate is provided between the fixed end of the pressure sensor and the housing, and both the fixed end of the pressure sensor and the housing are fixedly connected to the fixing plate by screws; the geared motor is fixedly mounted on the measuring end of the pressure sensor through a connector. The geared motor sequentially drives the compression rod, pressure plate, and compression pad to move closer to or away from the radial artery puncture point. The pressure received by the compression pad when in contact with the radial artery puncture point is transmitted sequentially through the pressure plate, compression rod, and geared motor to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor measures the magnitude of the pressure. Therefore, the pressure sensor measures the pressure received by the entire compression pad, that is, the pressure exerted by the compression pad on the skin at the radial artery puncture point, making the overall measurement more accurate.

[0011] A method for controlling a radial artery intelligent compression hemostat, using any of the aforementioned radial artery intelligent compression hemostats, the method comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: The patient's systolic blood pressure value measured before the operation is recorded as Ps and the diastolic blood pressure value is recorded as Pd;

[0013] S2: After the operation, the above-mentioned radial artery intelligent compression hemostat is tied to the patient's wrist with a bandage, and the center of the compression pad is placed above the radial artery puncture point;

[0014] S3: The geared motor sequentially drives the compression rod, pressure plate, and compression pad to move closer to the radial artery puncture point, so that the compression pad applies pressure F to the skin at the puncture site. The pressure can be converted into pressure P. Set the high pressure compression time ΔT0, the high pressure release time ΔT1, the compression time of each stage ΔTj, and the total compression time Tt. Then, Tt=ΔT0+ΔT1+ΔTj*n. At the beginning of hemostasis, P=Ps+Pa1 and lasts for ΔT0 time. P then gradually decreases at the rate of Pa1 / ΔT1 until P=Ps. P then gradually releases pressure with the stage compression time ΔTj, P=Ps-(Ps-Pd+Pa2)*j / n, until P=Pd-Pa2, and the hemostasis process ends. Here, Pa1 and Pa2 are constants and each corresponds to a threshold, j=1,2,3...n, and n is an integer.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure plate is rectangular, and its length is aligned with the direction of the radial artery. Two vibration sensors are provided on the pressure plate, located at the proximal and distal ends of the radial artery puncture site. Multiple far-infrared temperature sensors are provided on the pressure plate along its length, with the far-infrared temperature sensors located between the two vibration sensors.

[0016] In step S3, the two vibration sensors measure the proximal pulse intensity as Ha1 and the distal pulse intensity as Ha2, respectively. The pulse vibration amplitude difference coefficient is set as ha = Ha2 / Ha1. If the value of ha is in the range of 0 to 0.2, it indicates that the blood vessel is occluded and there is no blood flow in the distal end. If the value of ha is in the range of 0.8 to 1, it indicates that the blood vessel is completely patent. At the same time, the far-infrared thermometer measures the skin surface temperature at the puncture site as Temp. If there is no bleeding at the radial artery puncture site, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site is recorded as Temp0. If there is bleeding at the radial artery puncture site, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site will rise. If the bleeding continues, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site will rise and be recorded as Temps. Then, Temp0 ≤ Temp ≤ Temps.

[0017] Throughout the hemostasis process, ha and Temp are monitored in real time. The vascular occlusion interval Tc and vascular release interval To are set. If the duration of ha in the range of 0 to 0.2 is greater than the Tc time, the pressure is released until the value of ha is in the range of 0.45 to 0.55 and is maintained for To time. The pressure pad (6) is then restored to the pressure before release. If Temp rises abnormally at any time during the hemostasis process, P is returned to the previous pressure level and maintained for ΔTj. When ΔTj ends, it is determined whether Temp ≤ Temp0 + 0.5 within the time α*ΔTj before that time. If yes, the process proceeds to the next pressure stage. If not, the current pressure stage is maintained for α*ΔTj time, where a is a constant and corresponds to a threshold. Based on the difference in pulse vibration amplitude returned by the two vibration sensors, the blood flow status at the distal end is determined. Based on the temperature returned by the far-infrared thermometer, the presence and extent of bleeding are determined. The pressure of the compression pad on the radial artery puncture site is adjusted in a timely manner to effectively avoid prolonged ischemia due to compression at the distal end and to effectively avoid bleeding caused by insufficient pressure. This can maximize the limb blood flow and achieve the purpose of radial artery compression hemostasis as quickly as possible while minimizing or eliminating bleeding, thereby reducing secondary damage and sequelae after compression.

[0018] Furthermore, the values ​​of Pa1 range from 0 to 30 mmHg; Pa2 range from 0 to 20 mmHg; and α range from 0 to 0.5. The value of Pa1 is determined comprehensively based on the patient's use of anticoagulants, blood pressure, and coagulation function. The pressure value at the radial artery puncture site is set according to the individual patient's condition to ensure that the pressure applied by the compression pad at the radial artery puncture site is moderate, effectively avoiding prolonged ischemia at the distal end and also effectively avoiding bleeding caused by insufficient pressure, thus ensuring the hemostatic effect of compression hemostasis.

[0019] Furthermore, the aforementioned radial artery intelligent compression hemostat is equipped with an alarm horn. The control method also includes step S4: the alarm horn indicates that the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat needs to be removed from the patient's wrist. This ensures that medical personnel can promptly end the hemostasis procedure for the patient.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention has a geared motor that sequentially drives the compression rod, the pressure plate and the compression pad to move closer to or away from the radial artery puncture point. The pressure received by the compression pad when it comes into contact with the radial artery puncture point is transmitted to the pressure sensor sequentially through the pressure plate, the compression rod and the geared motor. The pressure sensor measures the magnitude of the pressure. Therefore, the pressure sensor measures the pressure received by the entire compression pad, that is, the pressure exerted by the compression pad on the skin at the radial artery puncture point, and the overall measurement is more accurate.

[0022] 2. The radial artery intelligent compression hemostatic device of the present invention can set the pressure value at the radial artery puncture point according to the patient's individual blood pressure value; and the decompression time-pressure pattern can be preset. After use, it can automatically decompress according to the settings, or it can be manually intervened to stop decompression. The pressure value can be read in real time on the display screen. During the decompression process, the pulse intensity and bleeding situation are monitored in real time, and the device can automatically handle the situation of excessive vascular occlusion time and bleeding, avoid prolonged compression ischemia at the distal end, and also avoid bleeding caused by insufficient pressure. It can maximize the smooth blood flow of the limb and achieve the purpose of radial artery compression hemostasis as quickly as possible with little or no bleeding, thereby reducing secondary damage and sequelae after compression.

[0023] 3. The radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of this invention has a simple and reliable structure and ingenious design. It is worn by medical personnel at the end of surgery to apply pressure for hemostasis. After decompression and hemostasis are completed, an alarm horn sounds to remind medical personnel to remove the hemostat in a timely manner. Operation is extremely simple and convenient.

[0024] 4. The radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention can be reused after disinfection. Only the compression pad needs to be replaced. The compression pad that comes into contact with the skin is a disposable consumable, which is low in cost and safe and convenient to use. The material cost of the hemostat is low, which greatly reduces the economic burden on patients, provides a foundation for wider promotion and application of the application, and enables further transformation of the results. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention from another angle, in which the compression pad has been removed;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the control principle of the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat of the present invention;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell, 1-1. Guide channel, 2. Pressure sensor, 3. Gear motor, 4. Pressure rod, 5. Pressure plate, 6. Pressure pad, 7. Strap, 8. Vibration sensor, 9. Far-infrared temperature sensor, 10. Display screen, 11. Button, 12. Integrated circuit board, 13. Battery, 14. Controller, 15. Alarm horn, 16. Clock chip, 17. Wireless charging coil, 18. Flexible flat cable, 19. Fixing plate, 20. Connector, 21. Wrist. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a radial artery intelligent compression hemostat includes a housing 1, a pressure sensor 2, a geared motor 3, and a compression rod 4. The pressure sensor 2 and the geared motor 3 are both housed within the housing 1. The fixed end of the pressure sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the geared motor 3 is fixedly mounted on the measuring end of the pressure sensor 2. The output end of the geared motor 3 is threadedly connected to one end of the compression rod 4. In this embodiment, the geared motor 3 is a miniature geared motor. A guide channel 1-1 is provided on the housing 1, and the compression rod 4 is slidably disposed within the guide channel 1-1. A pressure plate 5 is provided at the end of the compression rod 4 away from the geared motor 3, and the pressure plate 5 is exposed outside the housing 1. A transparent silicone compression pad 6 is detachably fitted onto the pressure plate 5. A strap 7 is provided on the housing 1, which is used to strap the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat to the patient's wrist 21. At this time, the compression pad 6 presses against the radial artery puncture point. The compression pad 6 is a disposable consumable, safe and hygienic, easy to replace, and low in cost.

[0035] Because the skin puncture point and the blood vessel puncture point at the radial artery puncture site do not coincide, they are generally distributed in two locations along the direction of the radial artery. In this embodiment, the pressure plate 5 is rectangular. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressure plate 5 is placed along the direction of the radial artery, and the center of the pressure plate 5 along its length is roughly aligned with the puncture point. This effectively prevents the pressure point from deviating and causing bleeding from the radial artery into the subcutaneous tissue, ensuring precise and effective pressure to stop bleeding at the radial artery puncture point. Furthermore, the pressure pad 6 fits well with the skin, improving comfort.

[0036] To effectively prevent prolonged distal compression and ischemia, and to avoid bleeding due to insufficient pressure, and to monitor for bleeding and its magnitude in real time, in this embodiment, as follows... Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the pressure plate 5 is equipped with two vibration sensors 8. In this embodiment, the vibration sensors 8 are PVDF vibration sensors. The two vibration sensors 8 are located at the proximal and distal ends of the radial artery puncture point. The two vibration sensors 8 are used to monitor the pulse intensity at the proximal end and the pulse intensity at the distal end, respectively. Based on the difference in pulse vibration amplitude between the proximal and distal pulse intensities, the patency (occlusion) of blood flow at the distal end is determined, thereby adjusting the pressure of the compression pad 6; as... Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, multiple far-infrared temperature sensors 9 are arranged along the length of the pressure plate 5. The far-infrared temperature sensors 9 are located between two vibration sensors 8. Based on the temperature returned by the far-infrared temperature sensors 9, it is determined whether there is bleeding and the extent of bleeding (measured by multiple far-infrared temperature sensors 9 in cooperation) to adjust the pressure of the compression pad 6. Under normal circumstances, the surface temperature of the skin at the puncture site is lower than the body temperature and maintains a relatively stable temperature value. If bleeding occurs, blood seeps from the blood vessels onto the skin at the puncture site, causing the temperature at the puncture site to rise to a certain extent. If the bleeding continues, the temperature will continue to rise and approach the body temperature. If the bleeding is temporary, the temperature will gradually stabilize and approach the initial skin temperature after the rise.

[0037] To ensure that the pressure sensor 2 can accurately measure the pressure applied to the skin by the pressure pad 6, in this embodiment, the pressure sensor 2 is a stress-strain pressure sensor, specifically an aluminum metal stress-strain pressure sensor; Figure 6 As shown, a fixing plate 19 is provided between the fixed end of the pressure sensor 2 and the outer shell 1. Both the fixed end of the pressure sensor 2 and the outer shell 1 are fixedly connected to the fixing plate 19 by screws. The reduction motor 3 is fixedly installed at the measuring end of the pressure sensor 2 through the connector 20. The reduction motor 3 drives the compression rod 4, the pressure plate 5 and the compression pad 6 to move closer to or away from the radial artery puncture point in sequence. The pressure received by the compression pad 6 when it comes into contact with the radial artery puncture point is transmitted to the pressure sensor 2 in sequence through the pressure plate 5, the compression rod 4 and the reduction motor 3. The pressure sensor 2 measures the magnitude of the pressure. Therefore, the pressure sensor 2 measures the pressure received by the entire compression pad 6, that is, the pressure exerted by the compression pad 6 on the skin at the radial artery puncture point. The overall measurement is more accurate.

[0038] To ensure the reliable and convenient use of this radial artery intelligent compression hemostat, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the outer casing 1 is equipped with a display screen 10 and buttons 11. The outer casing 1 also contains an integrated circuit board 12 and a battery 13. The integrated circuit board 12 is equipped with a controller 14, an alarm horn 15, a clock chip 16, and a wireless charging coil 17. The geared motor 3, pressure sensor 2, display screen 10, buttons 11, controller 14, alarm horn 15, clock chip 16, wireless charging coil 17, and battery 13 are all electrically connected to the integrated circuit board 12. The vibration sensor 8 and the far-infrared temperature sensor 9 are electrically connected to the integrated circuit board 12 via a flexible flat cable 18. The flexible flat cable 18 passes through the pressure plate 5 and the pressure rod 4 in sequence. The wireless charging coil 17 is used to charge the battery 13.

[0039] The control method of this intelligent radial artery compression hemostat includes the following steps:

[0040] S1: The patient's systolic blood pressure value measured before the operation is recorded as Ps and the diastolic blood pressure value is recorded as Pd;

[0041] S2: After the operation, use the strap 7 to tie the above-mentioned radial artery intelligent compression hemostat to the patient's wrist 21, and the center of the compression pad 6 is placed above the radial artery puncture point;

[0042] S3: The geared motor 3 sequentially drives the compression rod 4, the pressure plate 5, and the compression pad 6 to move closer to the radial artery puncture point, so that the compression pad 6 applies pressure F to the skin at the puncture site. This pressure F is measured by the pressure sensor 2 and can be converted into pressure P mmHg. The high-pressure compression time ΔT0, the high-pressure decompression time ΔT1, the compression time of each stage ΔTj, and the total compression time Tt are set. Then, Tt = ΔT0 + ΔT1 + ΔTj*n. Each time is displayed on the display screen 10 by the clock chip 16. When hemostasis begins, P = Ps + Pa1, and continues for ΔT... 0 time; P then gradually decreases at a rate of Pa1 / ΔT1 until P = Ps; P then gradually releases pressure with the stage compression time ΔTj, P = Ps - (Ps - Pd + Pa2) * j / n, until P = Pd - Pa2, and the hemostasis process ends; where j = 1, 2, 3...n, and n is an integer; Pa1 and Pa2 are both constants and each corresponds to a threshold. Specifically, the value of Pa1 ranges from 0 to 30 mmHg, and the value of Pa1 is determined by a combination of the patient's use of anticoagulants, blood pressure, and coagulation function.

[0043] The value of Pa2 ranges from 0 to 20 mmHg.

[0044] S4: Alarm horn 15 indicates that the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat needs to be removed from the patient's wrist 21 to ensure that medical staff can end the hemostasis operation in a timely manner.

[0045] Further, in step S3, the two vibration sensors 8 measure the proximal pulse intensity as Ha1 and the distal pulse intensity as Ha2, respectively. A pulse amplitude difference coefficient ha = Ha2 / Ha1 is set. If ha approaches 0, specifically within the range of 0 to 0.2, it indicates vascular occlusion with no blood flow distally; if ha approaches 1, specifically within the range of 0.8 to 1, it indicates complete vascular patency. That is, based on the pulse amplitude difference between the proximal and distal pulse intensities... The difference in values ​​can accurately determine the patency (occlusion) of blood flow at the distal end; at the same time, the far-infrared temperature sensor 9 measures the skin surface temperature at the puncture site and records it as Temp. If there is no bleeding at the radial artery puncture site, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site is not higher than the body temperature and is recorded as Temp0. If there is bleeding at the radial artery puncture site, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site rises. If the bleeding continues, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site will rise to close to the body temperature and be recorded as Temps. Then, Temp0≤Temp≤Temps.

[0046] Throughout the hemostasis process, ha and Temp are monitored in real time. The vascular occlusion interval Tc and vascular release interval To are set. If the duration of ha close to 0 is greater than the Tc time, and the duration of ha in the range of 0 to 0.2 is greater than the Tc time, the pressure is released until the value of ha is in the range of 0.45 to 0.55 and is maintained for To time. The pressure pad (6) is then restored to the pressure before release. If Temp rises abnormally at any time during the entire hemostasis process, such as Temp ≥ Temps-0.5, P is returned to the previous pressure level and maintained for ΔTj. An alarm is triggered on the display screen 10 and recorded once. When this ΔTj ends, it is determined whether Temp ≤ Temp0+0.5 within the time α*ΔTj before this moment. If yes, the next pressure stage is entered. If not, the current pressure stage is maintained for α*ΔTj time. Here, a is a constant and corresponds to a threshold. The specific value of α is in the range of 0 to 0.5. In this embodiment, a is 1 / 3. Based on the difference in pulse vibration amplitude returned by the two vibration sensors 8, the blood flow status at the distal end is determined. Based on the temperature returned by the far-infrared thermometer 9, the presence and extent of bleeding are determined. The pressure of the compression pad 6 on the radial artery puncture point is adjusted in a timely manner to effectively avoid prolonged compression ischemia at the distal end and to avoid bleeding caused by insufficient pressure. This can maximize the limb blood flow and achieve the purpose of radial artery compression hemostasis as quickly as possible while minimizing or eliminating bleeding, thus reducing secondary damage and sequelae after compression.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radial artery intelligent compression hemostatic device, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), a pressure sensor (2), a geared motor (3), and a compression rod (4). The pressure sensor (2) and the geared motor (3) are both located inside the housing (1). The fixed end of the pressure sensor (2) is fixedly connected to the housing (1). The geared motor (3) is fixedly located at the measuring end of the pressure sensor (2). The output end of the geared motor (3) is threadedly connected to one end of the compression rod (4). The housing (1) is provided with a guide channel (1-1). The compression rod (4) is slidably located in the guide channel (1-1). The end of the compression rod (4) away from the geared motor (3) is provided with a pressure plate (5). The pressure plate (5) is exposed outside the housing (1). A silicone compression pad (6) is detachably fitted on the pressure plate (5). A strap (7) is provided on the housing (1). The strap (7) is used to tie the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat to the patient's wrist (21). At this time, the compression pad (6) is pressed on the radial artery puncture point. The outer casing (1) is provided with a display screen (10), and an integrated circuit board (12) is also provided inside the outer casing (1). An alarm horn (15) and a clock chip (16) are provided on the integrated circuit board (12). The display screen (10), the alarm horn (15) and the clock chip (16) are all electrically connected to the integrated circuit board (12). The pressure sensor (2) is a stress-strain pressure sensor; a fixing plate (19) is provided between the fixed end of the pressure sensor (2) and the outer shell (1), and the fixed end of the pressure sensor (2) and the outer shell (1) are fixedly connected to the fixing plate (19) by screws; the geared motor (3) is fixedly installed at the measuring end of the pressure sensor (2) by a connector (20). The pressure plate (5) is rectangular, and the length direction of the pressure plate (5) is along the direction of the radial artery. Two vibration sensors (8) are provided on the pressure plate (5), and the two vibration sensors (8) are located at the proximal and distal ends of the radial artery puncture point. Multiple far-infrared temperature sensors (9) are provided on the pressure plate (5) along its length direction, and the far-infrared temperature sensors (9) are located between the two vibration sensors (8). Based on the temperature returned by the far-infrared temperature sensor (9), it is determined whether there is bleeding and the size of the bleeding. This is measured by multiple far-infrared temperature sensors (9) to adjust the pressure of the compression pad (6). Under normal circumstances, the surface temperature of the skin at the puncture site is lower than the body temperature and maintains a relatively stable temperature value. If bleeding occurs, blood seeps from the blood vessels onto the skin at the puncture site, causing the temperature at the puncture site to rise to a certain extent. If the bleeding continues, the temperature will continue to rise and approach the body temperature. If the bleeding is temporary, the temperature will gradually stabilize and approach the initial skin temperature after it rises. The working principle of the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat includes: S1: The patient's systolic blood pressure value measured before the operation is recorded as Ps and the diastolic blood pressure value is recorded as Pd; S2: After the operation, the above-mentioned radial artery intelligent compression hemostat is tied to the patient's wrist (21) with a bandage (7), and the center of the compression pad (6) is placed above the radial artery puncture point; S3: The geared motor (3) sequentially drives the compression rod (4), the pressure plate (5) and the compression pad (6) to move closer to the radial artery puncture point, so that the compression pad (6) applies pressure F to the skin at the puncture site. The pressure F is measured by the pressure sensor (2), and the pressure can be converted into pressure P mmHg. Set the high pressure compression time ΔT0, the high pressure relief time ΔT1, the compression time of each stage ΔTj, and the total compression time Tt. Then, Tt = ΔT0 + ΔT1 + ΔTj*n. Each time is displayed on the display screen (10) by the clock chip (16). When hemostasis begins, P = Ps + Pa1, and continues for ΔT0. Time; P then gradually decreases at a rate of Pa1 / ΔT1 until P=Ps; P then gradually releases pressure with the stage compression time ΔTj, P=Ps-(Ps-Pd+Pa2)*j / n, until P=Pd-Pa2, and the hemostasis process ends; where j=1,2,3...n, and n is an integer; Pa1 and Pa2 are both constants and each corresponds to a threshold. Specifically, the value of Pa1 is in the range of 0~30mmHg, and the value of Pa1 is determined by the patient's use of anticoagulants, blood pressure, and coagulation function. The value of Pa2 is in the range of 0~20mmHg. S4: The alarm horn (15) indicates that the radial artery intelligent compression hemostat needs to be removed from the patient's wrist (21) to ensure that medical staff can end the hemostasis operation for the patient in a timely manner; In step S3, the two vibration sensors (8) measure the proximal pulse intensity as Ha1 and the distal pulse intensity as Ha2 respectively. The pulse vibration amplitude difference coefficient is set as ha = Ha2 / Ha1. If the value of ha is in the range of 0 to 0.2, it indicates that the blood vessel is blocked and there is no blood flow in the distal end. If the value of ha is in the range of 0.8 to 1, it indicates that the blood vessel is completely open. The far-infrared temperature sensor (9) measures the skin surface temperature at the puncture site as Temp. If there is no bleeding at the radial artery puncture site, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site is not higher than the body temperature and is recorded as Temp0. If there is bleeding at the radial artery puncture site, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site rises. If the bleeding continues, the skin surface temperature at the puncture site will rise to close to the body temperature and is recorded as Temps. Then Temp0≤Temp≤Temps. Throughout the hemostasis process, ha and Temp are monitored in real time. The vascular occlusion interval Tc and vascular release interval To are set. If the duration of ha close to 0 is greater than the Tc time, and the duration of ha in the range of 0 to 0.2 is greater than the Tc time, the pressure is released until the ha value is in the range of 0.45 to 0.55 and is maintained for To time. The pressure pad (6) is then restored to the pressure before release. If Temp rises abnormally at any time during the hemostasis process, such as Temp ≥ Temps - 0.5, then P is returned to the previous pressure level and maintained for ΔTj, and the pressure is displayed on the screen (10). An alarm is triggered and recorded once. When the current ΔTj ends, it is determined whether Temp≤Temp0+0.5 within the time α*ΔTj before that moment. If yes, it proceeds to the next pressure stage. If not, it continues to maintain the current pressure stage for the time α*ΔTj, where α is a constant and corresponds to a threshold. The value of α ranges from 0 to 0.

5. Based on the difference in pulse vibration amplitude returned by the two vibration sensors (8), the blood flow status at the distal end is determined. Based on the temperature returned by the far-infrared temperature sensor (9), it is determined whether there is bleeding and the size of the bleeding. The pressure of the compression pad (6) on the radial artery puncture point is adjusted in a timely manner.

2. The intelligent radial artery compression hemostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer casing (1) is also provided with a button (11), and the outer casing (1) is also provided with a battery (13). The integrated circuit board (12) is also provided with a controller (14) and a wireless charging coil (17). The geared motor (3), pressure sensor (2), button (11), controller (14), wireless charging coil (17) and battery (13) are all electrically connected to the integrated circuit board (12). The vibration sensor (8) and far-infrared temperature sensor (9) are electrically connected to the integrated circuit board (12) through a flexible flat cable (18). The flexible flat cable (18) passes through the pressure plate (5) and the pressure rod (4) in sequence. The wireless charging coil (17) is used to charge the battery (13).

Images