A method and apparatus for multi-harmonic superposition control of a synchrotron

Abstract

The application provides a multi-harmonic superposition control method and device for a synchrotron. The method comprises: obtaining a current cavity fundamental wave signal, a current cavity harmonic wave signal and a current beam signal; calculating a first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current beam signal; performing phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental wave signal based on the first phase difference and a first preset phase difference to obtain a first fundamental wave signal; calculating a second phase difference between a harmonic wave signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic wave signal based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic wave signal; performing phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic wave signal based on the second phase difference and a second preset phase difference to obtain a first harmonic wave signal; and synthesizing a radio frequency signal based on the first fundamental wave signal and the first harmonic wave signal. Through the application, the phase deviation of each harmonic of the radio frequency signal is reduced, and the phase of the radio frequency signal is accurately controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of particle acceleration technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for controlling the superposition of multiple harmonics in a synchrotron. Background Technology

[0002] A synchrotron is a device that uses a magnetic field to control charged particles in a high vacuum, guiding them along a fixed circular orbit, and then using an electric field to continuously accelerate (boost) them to high energies. To maintain the stability of the particle orbit during the energy boosting process, the synchrotron needs to keep the magnetic field amplitude and electric field frequency changing synchronously with the particle energy, ultimately producing a particle beam that provides various particle beams and radiation rays for basic scientific research, clinical medicine, and industrial production.

[0003] In synchrotrons, the regulation of particle energy and the stability of longitudinal particle motion are both accomplished by a high-frequency system. This system generates high-frequency harmonics within the high-frequency cavities (magnetic alloy cavities, ferrite cavities, etc.) of the synchrotron. As the beam passes through these cavities, these harmonics act on the beam, causing variations in beam energy or limiting the beam distribution due to the potential wells created by the harmonics. The high-frequency system is the primary factor determining the longitudinal beam dynamics of a synchrotron, playing a crucial role in the longitudinal distribution and energy regulation of the beam.

[0004] Particle accelerators have wide high-frequency cavity bandwidths, allowing the fundamental wave and multiple harmonics to accelerate simultaneously within the cavity, creating a gap voltage. Therefore, controlling the radio frequency signals containing different harmonics individually to achieve the physically required waveform within the synchrotron's high-frequency cavity under the superposition of multiple harmonics is crucial. Current technologies control the phase of different harmonics by measuring the phase difference between the phase of each harmonic and the phase of the corresponding reference signal within the low-level circuit. However, this approach fails to correlate the phase of the harmonic signals with the phase of the beam signal. Consequently, the phase values ​​of the harmonic signals acting on the beam signal deviate from the physically required values ​​when the beam signal passes through the high-frequency cavity, thus affecting the precise control of the beam signal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To reduce the deviation of different harmonics in radio frequency signals and to accurately control radio frequency signals, this invention proposes a method and apparatus for multi-harmonic superposition control of synchrotrons.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquire the current cavity fundamental signal, current cavity harmonic signal, and current beam signal;

[0008] Calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal;

[0009] Based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental wave signal to obtain the first fundamental wave signal;

[0010] Based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic signal, the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic signal is calculated. The current cavity fundamental wave signal is obtained by compensating the cavity fundamental wave signal of the previous moment based on the beam signal of the previous moment.

[0011] Based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal to obtain the first harmonic signal;

[0012] A radio frequency (RF) signal is synthesized based on the first fundamental wave signal and the first harmonic signal. The RF signal is used to control the beam signal.

[0013] Considering that existing technologies only control the phase of different harmonics by the difference between the phase of different harmonics and the phase of the corresponding reference signal inside the low-level circuit, without correlating the phase of the RF signal with the phase of the beam signal, this leads to deviations between the fundamental and harmonic signals acting on the beam signal when it passes through the high-frequency cavity and the physical requirements. The method provided by this invention correlates the phase of the current cavity's fundamental signal with the phase of the beam signal, and correlates the phase of the current cavity's harmonic signals with the phase of the harmonic signals corresponding to the current cavity's fundamental signal, thereby indirectly... The high-order harmonic signals in the current cavity are correlated with the beam signal. Based on the first preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the beam signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental signal. Based on the second preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal. This achieves precise control of the fundamental and harmonic signals in the current cavity, enabling the obtained physically required waveform in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron, thereby improving the accuracy of beam signal control and enhancing synchrotron performance.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a first embodiment of the first aspect, a radio frequency signal is synthesized based on a first fundamental signal and a first harmonic signal, including:

[0015] Obtain the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal;

[0016] Based on the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first fundamental signal is corrected to obtain the second fundamental signal;

[0017] Based on the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first harmonic signal is corrected to obtain the second harmonic signal;

[0018] A radio frequency signal is synthesized based on the second fundamental signal and the second harmonic signal.

[0019] Considering that the cables, power sources (power amplifiers) and other devices included in the high-frequency system will affect the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal in the radio frequency signal, the above embodiment uses a first preset amplitude to correct the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and a second preset amplitude to correct the amplitude of the first harmonic signal, thereby overcoming the amplitude deviation in the current cavity caused by the above devices and obtaining the physically required waveform in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the second embodiment of the first aspect, calculating the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal includes:

[0021] Based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal, the third phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The third phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal.

[0022] Based on the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal, the fourth phase difference is obtained by quadrature demodulation. The fourth phase difference is the phase difference between the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal.

[0023] Based on the third and fourth phase differences, the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal is calculated.

[0024] In conjunction with the second embodiment of the first aspect, in the third embodiment of the first aspect, based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal, calculating the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal includes:

[0025] Based on the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal, the fifth phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The fifth phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal.

[0026] Based on the fifth phase difference and the third phase difference, calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental signal based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference to obtain the first fundamental signal, including:

[0028] Phase predistortion compensation is performed on the first phase difference to obtain the first phase difference after phase predistortion compensation. Phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for the phase error in the quadrature demodulation process.

[0029] Based on the first phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the first preset phase difference, the current cavity fundamental signal is phase-compensated by a proportional-integral controller to obtain the first fundamental signal.

[0030] Considering that the cables, power sources (power amplifiers) and other devices in the high-frequency system will affect the first phase difference during the quadrature demodulation process, the above embodiment performs phase pre-distortion compensation on the first phase difference to make the first phase difference more accurate.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference to obtain the first harmonic signal, including:

[0032] Phase predistortion compensation is performed on the second phase difference to obtain the second phase difference after phase predistortion compensation. Phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for the phase error in the quadrature demodulation process.

[0033] Based on the second phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the second preset phase difference, the current cavity harmonic signal is phase-compensated by a proportional-integral controller to obtain the first harmonic signal.

[0034] Considering that the cables, power sources (power amplifiers) and other devices in the high-frequency system will affect the second phase difference during the quadrature demodulation process, the above embodiment performs phase pre-distortion compensation on the second phase difference to make the second phase difference more accurate.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a multi-harmonic superposition control device for a synchrotron, the device comprising:

[0036] The acquisition module is used to acquire the current cavity fundamental signal, the current cavity harmonic signal, and the current beam signal;

[0037] The first calculation module is used to calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal;

[0038] The first compensation module is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental wave signal based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference to obtain the first fundamental wave signal;

[0039] The second calculation module is used to calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal. The current cavity fundamental signal is obtained by compensating the cavity fundamental signal of the previous moment based on the beam signal of the previous moment.

[0040] The second compensation module is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference to obtain the first harmonic signal;

[0041] The synthesis module is used to synthesize an radio frequency (RF) signal based on the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal. The RF signal is used to control the beam signal.

[0042] Considering that existing technologies only control the phase of different harmonics by the difference between the phase of different harmonics and the phase of the corresponding reference signal inside the low-level circuit, without correlating the phase of the RF signal with the phase of the beam signal, this leads to deviations between the fundamental and harmonic signals acting on the beam signal when it passes through the high-frequency cavity and the physical requirements. The device provided by this invention correlates the phase of the current cavity fundamental signal with the phase of the beam signal, and correlates the phase of the current cavity harmonic signal with the phase of the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal, thereby indirectly... The high-order harmonic signals in the current cavity are correlated with the beam signal. Based on the first preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the beam signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental signal. Based on the second preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal. This achieves precise control of the fundamental and harmonic signals in the current cavity, enabling the obtained physically required waveform in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron, thereby improving the accuracy of beam signal control and enhancing synchrotron performance.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the first embodiment of the second aspect, the synthesis module includes:

[0044] The acquisition submodule is used to acquire the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal;

[0045] The first correction submodule is used to correct the amplitude of the first fundamental signal based on the first preset amplitude to obtain the second fundamental signal.

[0046] The second correction submodule is used to correct the amplitude of the first harmonic signal based on the second preset amplitude to obtain the second harmonic signal.

[0047] The synthesis submodule is used to synthesize radio frequency signals based on the second fundamental signal and the second harmonic signal.

[0048] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the steps of the multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0049] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron for the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0052] Figure 2 This is an example of an ideal radio frequency signal waveform.

[0053] Figure 3 This is an example of an actual radio frequency signal waveform;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a detailed flowchart of a multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a high-frequency system in one example;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-harmonic superposition control device for a synchrotron according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101 to S106.

[0061] Step S101: Obtain the current cavity fundamental signal, the current cavity harmonic signal, and the current beam signal.

[0062] In one optional embodiment, the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal are synthesized to form the actual radio frequency signal in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron, and the radio frequency signal acts on the current beam signal.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal can be obtained through a harmonic detection module. In the harmonic detection module, the fundamental signal and higher harmonic signals are separated and detected through mixing and low-pass filtering.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the current beam signal is obtained via a Fast Current Transformer (FCT). The FCT obtains the beam signal by measuring the distribution information of the circulating beam on the synchrotron ring.

[0065] Step S102: Calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the first phase difference can be obtained by the phase values ​​of the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal relative to a preset fundamental reference signal.

[0067] Step S103: Based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference, perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental wave signal to obtain the first fundamental wave signal.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference, a proportional integral controller (PI controller) can be used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental wave signal to obtain the compensated fundamental wave signal, i.e., the first fundamental wave signal.

[0069] Step S104: Based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal, calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal. The current cavity fundamental signal is obtained by compensating the cavity fundamental signal of the previous moment based on the beam signal of the previous moment.

[0070] In one optional embodiment, the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal has the same frequency as the current cavity harmonic signal.

[0071] In one optional embodiment, the second phase difference can be obtained by the phase values ​​of the current cavity harmonic signal and the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal relative to the preset harmonic reference signal.

[0072] Step S105: Based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference, perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal to obtain the first harmonic signal.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference, PI control can be used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal to obtain the compensated harmonic signal, i.e., the first harmonic signal.

[0074] Step S106: Based on the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal, synthesize a radio frequency signal, which is used to control the beam signal.

[0075] Considering that existing technologies only control the phase of different harmonics by the difference between the phase of different harmonics and the phase of the corresponding reference signal inside the low-level circuit, without correlating the phase of the RF signal with the phase of the beam signal, this leads to deviations between the fundamental and harmonic signals acting on the beam signal when it passes through the high-frequency cavity and the physical requirements. The method provided by this invention correlates the phase of the current cavity's fundamental signal with the phase of the beam signal, and correlates the phase of the current cavity's harmonic signals with the phase of the harmonic signals corresponding to the current cavity's fundamental signal, thereby indirectly... The high-order harmonic signals in the current cavity are correlated with the beam signal. Based on the first preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the beam signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental signal. Based on the second preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal. This achieves precise control of the fundamental and harmonic signals in the current cavity, enabling the obtained physically required waveform in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron, thereby improving the accuracy of beam signal control and enhancing synchrotron performance.

[0076] Figure 2 For the ideal waveform of the radio frequency signal, Figure 3 This is the waveform of the actual radio frequency signal obtained by superimposing multiple harmonics. When using a finite number of superimposed harmonics, the radio frequency signal can be approximated. The expression for superimposing n harmonics is as follows (n≥6):

[0077]

[0078] Where f is the fundamental frequency, corresponding to the particle cyclotron frequency, and A n Let n be the amplitude of the nth harmonic. Y is the phase value of the nth harmonic. n The signal is an RF signal obtained by superimposing n harmonics, where n is 1, 2, 3, ..., n. Here, a cosine function is used to represent the harmonic signal. In actual control systems, both cosine and sine functions can be used for signal transmission and acquisition without affecting the effectiveness of this method. Figure 3 In this process, the radio frequency signal is generated by superimposing the first 5 harmonics. The amplitude, frequency, and phase of the 5 harmonics are shown in Table 1.

[0079] Table 1 Amplitude, frequency, and phase of each harmonic

[0080] Amplitude / V Frequency / Hz Phase / rad 65.2631546049220 1178271.48437500 1.01925029521900 11.3123331508767 2356542.96875000 0.467703241851310 49.3192254453355 3534814.45312500 3.05775076698029 15.1569948602149 4713085.93750000 2.50620561366003 26.4087983509731 5891357.42187500 -1.18693444053008

[0081] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0082] like Figure 4As shown, step S102 above is achieved through the following steps:

[0083] First, based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal, the third phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The third phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal. Figure 4 In this process, the current cavity fundamental wave signal is expressed as sin(+θ1), and the preset fundamental wave reference signal includes sin(+θ) and cos(+θ). The current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal are obtained by quadrature demodulation to obtain the separated I channel and Q channel. Then, the third phase difference (θ1-) and the amplitude of the current cavity fundamental wave signal are obtained by amplitude and phase calculation.

[0084] Then, based on the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal, the fourth phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The fourth phase difference is the phase difference between the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal. Figure 4 In the expression, the current beam signal (FCT signal) is sin(+θ) ′ The current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal are quadrature demodulated to obtain the separated I and Q channels, and then the fourth phase difference (θ) is obtained through amplitude and phase calculation. ′ -).

[0085] Finally, based on the third and fourth phase differences, the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal is calculated. Figure 4 In the middle, the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference are subtracted to obtain the phase value (θ1-). ′ ), that is, the first phase difference.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, in step S103 above, the first fundamental signal is obtained through the following:

[0087] First, phase predistortion compensation is performed on the first phase difference to obtain the phase predistortion-compensated first phase difference. Phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for phase errors during quadrature demodulation. Considering that components such as cables and power sources (power amplifiers) in the high-frequency system can affect the first phase difference during quadrature demodulation, phase predistortion compensation is performed to make the first phase difference more accurate. For example, the phase predistortion compensation value can be obtained through dynamic lookup table compensation, that is, by combining the frequency value and amplitude (power value) in multiple dimensions (frequency and power) to obtain the phase predistortion compensation value.

[0088] Then, based on the first phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the first preset phase difference, the current cavity fundamental wave signal is phase compensated by the PI controller to obtain the first fundamental wave signal.

[0089] like Figure 4 As shown, phase predistortion compensation is performed on the first phase difference to obtain the phase predistortion compensated first phase difference. Based on the phase predistortion compensated first phase difference and the first preset phase difference, a fundamental phase control word is obtained through a PI controller. The fundamental phase control word is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental signal to obtain the first fundamental signal.

[0090] In an optional embodiment, step S104 above obtains the second phase difference by:

[0091] First, based on the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal, the fifth phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The fifth phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal. Figure 4 In the expression, the current cavity harmonic signal is sin(+θ) n The preset harmonic reference signal includes sin(+nθ) and cos(+nθ). The current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal are quadrature demodulated to obtain the separated I channel and Q channel. Then, the fifth phase difference (θ) is obtained through amplitude and phase calculation. n -θ) and the amplitude of the current cavity harmonic signal.

[0092] Then, based on the fifth and third phase differences, the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal is calculated. Figure 4 In the middle, the fifth phase difference (θ) n -θ) and n times the third phase difference (nθ1-θ) are used to obtain the phase value (θ) through a subtractor. n -θ1), which is the second phase difference.

[0093] In step S105 above, the first harmonic signal is obtained through the following:

[0094] First, phase predistortion compensation is performed on the second phase difference to obtain a phase predistortion compensated second phase difference. Phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for phase errors during quadrature demodulation. Considering that components such as cables and power sources (power amplifiers) in the high-frequency system can affect the second phase difference during quadrature demodulation, phase predistortion compensation is performed on the second phase difference to make it more accurate.

[0095] Then, based on the second phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the second preset phase difference, the current cavity harmonic signal is phase compensated by a proportional-integral controller to obtain the first harmonic signal.

[0096] like Figure 4As shown, phase predistortion compensation is performed on the second phase difference to obtain the phase predistortion compensated second phase difference. Based on the phase predistortion compensated second phase difference and the second preset phase difference, a harmonic phase control word is obtained through a PI controller. The harmonic phase control word is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal to obtain the first harmonic signal. The phase compensation method for other harmonic signals is similar to that for the nth harmonic signal, and will not be elaborated here.

[0097] exist Figure 4 In step S106 above, the radio frequency signal is synthesized through the following steps:

[0098] First, the amplitudes of the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal are obtained. The amplitudes of the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal can be quadrature demodulated using corresponding preset reference signals to obtain the separated I and Q channels, and then the corresponding amplitudes are obtained through amplitude and phase calculations.

[0099] Secondly, based on the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first fundamental signal is corrected to obtain the second fundamental signal. Specifically, this is achieved as follows: amplitude pre-distortion compensation is performed on the amplitude of the first fundamental signal to obtain the amplitude of the first fundamental signal after amplitude pre-distortion compensation. Amplitude pre-distortion compensation is used to compensate for amplitude errors during quadrature demodulation. Based on the amplitude of the first fundamental signal after amplitude pre-distortion compensation and the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first fundamental signal is corrected using a proportional-integral controller to obtain the second fundamental signal. Figure 4 In the process, based on the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first fundamental signal is pre-distorted using a PI controller, and the amplitude is corrected by amplitude control to obtain the second fundamental signal.

[0100] Next, based on the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first harmonic signal is corrected to obtain the second harmonic signal. Specifically, this is achieved as follows: amplitude pre-distortion compensation is performed on the amplitude of the first harmonic signal to obtain the amplitude of the first harmonic signal after amplitude pre-distortion compensation. Amplitude pre-distortion compensation is used to correct amplitude errors during quadrature demodulation. Based on the amplitude of the first harmonic signal after amplitude pre-distortion compensation and the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first harmonic signal is corrected using a proportional-integral controller to obtain the second harmonic signal. For example, according to the second preset amplitude, amplitude pre-distortion compensation is performed on the amplitude of the first harmonic signal using a PI controller, and amplitude correction is performed through amplitude control to obtain the second harmonic signal.

[0101] Finally, a radio frequency signal is synthesized based on the second fundamental signal and the second harmonic signal.

[0102] Considering that the cables, power sources (power amplifiers) and other devices included in the high-frequency system will also affect the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal in the radio frequency signal, the above embodiment uses a first preset amplitude to correct the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and a second preset amplitude to correct the amplitude of the first harmonic signal, thereby overcoming the amplitude deviation in the current cavity caused by the above devices, so that the physically required waveform can be obtained in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron.

[0103] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the high-frequency system. The high-frequency system consists of a low-level system, a power divider, a solid-state power amplifier, a feedback loop, and a central control unit. The low-level system uses Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) to generate radio frequency (RF) signals, which are then sent to the solid-state power amplifier. High-frequency signals such as cavity sampling and FCT signals are processed through direct digital demodulation. Simultaneously, the multi-harmonic superposition control method used in the above embodiment for synchrotrons is employed to correct and compensate the amplitude and phase of each harmonic signal generated during frequency sweep operation, ensuring that the power source establishes an RF signal within the high-frequency cavity that meets the requirements of beam injection, capture, acceleration, and extraction stages.

[0104] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a multi-harmonic superposition control device for a synchrotron, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes:

[0105] The acquisition module 601 is used to acquire the current cavity fundamental wave signal, the current cavity harmonic signal and the current beam signal; for details, please refer to the description of step S101 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] The first calculation module 602 is used to calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current beam signal; for details, please refer to the description of step S102 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0107] The first compensation module 603 is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental wave signal based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference to obtain the first fundamental wave signal; for details, please refer to the description of step S103 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] The second calculation module 604 is used to calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic signal based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic signal. The current cavity fundamental wave signal is obtained by compensating the cavity fundamental wave signal of the previous moment based on the beam signal of the previous moment. For details, please refer to the description of step S104 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0109] The second compensation module 605 is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference to obtain the first harmonic signal; for details, please refer to the description of step S105 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0110] The synthesis module 606 is used to synthesize a radio frequency (RF) signal based on the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal. The RF signal is used to control the beam signal. For details, please refer to the description of step S106 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0111] Considering that existing technologies only control the phase of different harmonics by the difference between the phase of different harmonics and the phase of the corresponding reference signal inside the low-level circuit, without correlating the phase of the RF signal with the phase of the beam signal, this leads to deviations between the fundamental and harmonic signals acting on the beam signal when it passes through the high-frequency cavity and the physical requirements. The device provided by this invention correlates the phase of the current cavity fundamental signal with the phase of the beam signal, and correlates the phase of the current cavity harmonic signal with the phase of the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal, thereby indirectly... The high-order harmonic signals in the current cavity are correlated with the beam signal. Based on the first preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the beam signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental signal. Based on the second preset phase difference and the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal. This achieves precise control of the fundamental and harmonic signals in the current cavity, enabling the obtained physically required waveform in the high-frequency cavity of the synchrotron, thereby improving the accuracy of beam signal control and enhancing synchrotron performance.

[0112] In one example, the synthesis module 606 includes:

[0113] The acquisition submodule is used to acquire the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal; for details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0114] The first correction submodule is used to correct the amplitude of the first fundamental signal based on the first preset amplitude to obtain the second fundamental signal; for details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] The second correction submodule is used to correct the amplitude of the first harmonic signal based on the second preset amplitude to obtain the second harmonic signal; for details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] The synthesis submodule is used to synthesize radio frequency signals based on the second fundamental signal and the second harmonic signal. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] In one example, the first computing module 602 includes:

[0118] The first calculation submodule is used to obtain the third phase difference by orthogonal demodulation based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal. The third phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0119] The second calculation submodule is used to obtain the fourth phase difference by orthogonal demodulation based on the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal. The fourth phase difference is the phase difference between the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] The third calculation submodule is used to calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal based on the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0121] In one example, the second computing module 604 includes:

[0122] The fourth calculation submodule is used to obtain the fifth phase difference by orthogonal demodulation based on the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal. The fifth phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] The fifth calculation submodule is used to calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal based on the fifth phase difference and the third phase difference. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] In one example, the first compensation module 603 includes:

[0125] The first compensation submodule is used to perform phase pre-distortion compensation on the first phase difference to obtain the phase pre-distortion compensated first phase difference. The phase pre-distortion compensation is used to compensate for the phase error in the quadrature demodulation process. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0126] The second compensation submodule is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental signal based on the first phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the first preset phase difference, through a proportional-integral controller, to obtain the first fundamental signal. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] In one example, the second compensation module 605 includes:

[0128] The third compensation submodule is used to perform phase predistortion compensation on the second phase difference to obtain the second phase difference after phase predistortion compensation. The phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for the phase error in the quadrature demodulation process. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0129] The fourth compensation submodule is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal based on the second phase difference after phase pre-distortion compensation and the second preset phase difference, through a proportional-integral controller, to obtain the first harmonic signal. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0130] The specific limitations and beneficial effects of the aforementioned device can be found in the above description of the multiharmonic superposition control method for synchrotrons, and will not be repeated here. Each of the above modules can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in hardware or independently of the processor in a computer device, or stored in software in the memory of a computer device, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0131] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the device includes one or more processors 710 and a memory 720, the memory 720 including persistent memory, volatile memory, and a hard disk. Figure 7 Taking a processor 710 as an example, the device may also include an input device 730 and an output device 740.

[0132] The processor 710, memory 720, input device 730, and output device 740 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 7 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0133] Processor 710 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU). Processor 710 can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or combinations thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0134] The memory 720, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, includes persistent memory, volatile memory, and a hard disk. It can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the multi-harmonic superposition control method for synchrotrons in this embodiment of the application. The processor 710 executes various functional applications and data processing of the server by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 720, thereby implementing any of the aforementioned multi-harmonic superposition control methods for synchrotrons.

[0135] The memory 720 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data that is needed and required. Furthermore, the memory 720 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 720 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 710, and these remote memories can be connected to the data processing device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0136] Input device 730 can receive input digital or character information, and generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control. Output device 740 may include display devices such as a display screen.

[0137] One or more modules are stored in memory 720, and when executed by one or more processors 710, they perform actions such as... Figure 1 The method shown.

[0138] The above-described product can execute the method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in [reference 1]. Figure 1 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments.

[0139] This invention also provides a non-transitory computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that can execute the control methods described in any of the above-described method embodiments. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0140] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0141] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the superposition of multiple harmonics in a synchrotron, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire the current cavity fundamental signal, current cavity harmonic signal, and current beam signal; Based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal, calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal; Based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental wave signal to obtain the first fundamental wave signal; Based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic signal, the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the current cavity harmonic signal is calculated. The current cavity fundamental wave signal is obtained by compensating the cavity fundamental wave signal of the previous moment based on the beam signal of the previous moment. Based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal to obtain the first harmonic signal; A radio frequency signal is synthesized based on the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to control the beam signal. Based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal, calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal, including: Based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal, a third phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The third phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal. Based on the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal, a fourth phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The fourth phase difference is the phase difference between the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal. Based on the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal is calculated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A radio frequency signal is synthesized based on the first fundamental signal and the first harmonic signal, including: Obtain the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal; Based on a first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first fundamental wave signal is corrected to obtain a second fundamental wave signal; Based on the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the first harmonic signal is corrected to obtain the second harmonic signal; The radio frequency signal is synthesized based on the second fundamental signal and the second harmonic signal.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal, calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal, including: Based on the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal, a fifth phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The fifth phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity harmonic signal and the preset harmonic reference signal. Based on the fifth phase difference and the third phase difference, the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal is calculated.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity fundamental signal to obtain the first fundamental signal, including: Phase predistortion compensation is performed on the first phase difference to obtain the first phase difference after phase predistortion compensation. The phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for the phase error in the quadrature demodulation process. Based on the first phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the first preset phase difference, the current cavity fundamental signal is phase-compensated by a proportional-integral controller to obtain the first fundamental signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference, phase compensation is performed on the current cavity harmonic signal to obtain the first harmonic signal, including: Phase predistortion compensation is performed on the second phase difference to obtain the second phase difference after phase predistortion compensation. The phase predistortion compensation is used to compensate for the phase error in the quadrature demodulation process. Based on the second phase difference after phase predistortion compensation and the second preset phase difference, the current cavity harmonic signal is phase-compensated by a proportional-integral controller to obtain the first harmonic signal.

6. A multi-harmonic superposition control device for a synchrotron, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the current cavity fundamental signal, the current cavity harmonic signal, and the current beam signal; The first calculation module is used to calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal; The first compensation module is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity fundamental wave signal based on the first phase difference and the first preset phase difference to obtain the first fundamental wave signal; The second calculation module is used to calculate the second phase difference between the harmonic signal corresponding to the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current cavity harmonic signal. The current cavity fundamental signal is obtained by compensating the cavity fundamental signal of the previous moment based on the beam signal of the previous moment. The second compensation module is used to perform phase compensation on the current cavity harmonic signal based on the second phase difference and the second preset phase difference to obtain the first harmonic signal; A synthesis module is used to synthesize a radio frequency signal based on a first fundamental signal and a first harmonic signal, wherein the radio frequency signal is used to control a beam signal; Based on the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal, calculate the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal, including: Based on the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal, a third phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The third phase difference is the phase difference between the current cavity fundamental wave signal and the preset fundamental wave reference signal. Based on the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal, a fourth phase difference is obtained through quadrature demodulation. The fourth phase difference is the phase difference between the current beam signal and the preset fundamental reference signal. Based on the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, the first phase difference between the current cavity fundamental signal and the current beam signal is calculated.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The synthesis module includes: The acquisition submodule is used to acquire the amplitude of the first fundamental signal and the amplitude of the first harmonic signal; The first correction submodule is used to correct the amplitude of the first fundamental signal based on a first preset amplitude to obtain a second fundamental signal. The second correction submodule is used to correct the amplitude of the first harmonic signal based on the second preset amplitude to obtain the second harmonic signal; A synthesis submodule is used to synthesize the radio frequency signal based on the second fundamental signal and the second harmonic signal.

8. A computer device, characterized in that, The method includes a memory and a processor, which are communicatively connected to each other. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the steps of the multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron as described in any one of claims 1-5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the multi-harmonic superposition control method for a synchrotron as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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