Adjustable annular light spot modeling method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to but not limited to the technical field of laser welding numerical simulation, and particularly relates to an adjustable annular light spot modeling method and system.The method comprises the steps that a center light beam and an outer ring light beam are discretized, points of the center light beam on a point focal plane are generated, points meeting Gaussian distribution within a certain range are generated, the points serve as one point on a straight generatrix, and the point on the straight generatrix is obtained; generating a straight bus; generating points of the outer ring light beam on the ring focal plane, generating a certain range of points conforming to Gaussian distribution, expanding the generated points to an outer ring region, and calculating coordinates, corresponding to the ring focal plane, on a beam combining surface according to the transformed coordinates and the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring light beam and the central light beam; according to each generated point, generating points at certain circular intervals by taking the distance from the point to the center as a radius; the positions and directions of the generated points are recorded, and each beam of discrete light is endowed with certain energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to but is not limited to the technical field of laser welding numerical simulation, and in particular relates to a method and system for modeling an adjustable annular spot. Background Art

[0002] Large thick-walled components are an important part of marine equipment. They have the characteristics of large wall thickness and long welds, which put forward strict requirements on welding production in terms of quality and efficiency. In recent years, with the continuous maturity of technology and the gradual decline in costs, 10,000-watt industrial fiber lasers have begun to be used in welding manufacturing, making single-pass large-melting thick-walled component welding possible. However, the energy density of 10,000-watt high-power laser welding is higher, and the keyhole is more slender, which brings new challenges to the stability control of the welding process. A large number of studies have shown that relying solely on the regulation of conventional welding process parameters cannot change the cross-sectional and longitudinal energy distribution of high-power lasers, and thus cannot guarantee the long-term stability of the keyhole during high-power welding. How to optimize the energy distribution of the laser to provide the best thermal support conditions on the keyhole wall is the key to improving the stability of the keyhole during the welding process. In recent years, a point-ring multi-focus beam shaping technology has been proposed, which is expected to be applied to high-power laser shaping welding.

[0003] During high-power laser welding, the interaction between laser and material is extremely intense, and high-temperature and high-speed metal vapor is generated instantly, which quickly pushes away the surrounding melt to form a keyhole morphology. With the increase of beam energy density, the keyhole becomes more slender, and the keyhole stability problem during welding becomes more prominent. Accurate observation of the dynamic behavior of high-power laser welding molten pool, keyhole, and vapor is crucial for the stability control of the welding process. Affected by the observation method, it is impossible to obtain the internal information of the molten pool / keyhole. With the development of computational fluid dynamics and the improvement of computing performance, numerical simulation has become a powerful supplement to the study of laser welding process. Through numerical simulation, some information and evolution laws of the molten pool in the welding process can be characterized and analyzed. In the simulation, the choice of heat source model is very important for welding simulation. It is the input of energy in the simulation process. The adjustable annular spot heat source consists of two parts. The center is a high-energy-density waist-shaped beam, which serves as the main heat source to achieve the deep penetration effect of the central beam; the outer ring beam is a low-energy-density ring laser. By adjusting the longitudinal distribution of the focal plane, the multi-focus ring beam can be stabilized and supported in the depth direction of the keyhole. However, in the current establishment of light source models, the method of geometric optics is usually used. In geometric optics, the object points that make up the object are regarded as geometric points, and the light beams it emits are regarded as a collection of countless geometric light rays. The direction of the light represents the propagation direction of light energy. The above concept of light is contrary to the wave nature of light. Because whether from the perspective of energy or from the diffraction phenomenon of light, the current simulation method cannot simulate the geometric characteristics of the light beam well. When applied to the establishment of the light source model and subsequent simulation, the simulation results are inaccurate and not obviously consistent with the actual effect.

[0004] In view of the above analysis, the technical problems that urgently need to be solved in the prior art are: the central light beam is a Gaussian light beam and is in the shape of a hyperboloid. In the current modeling method of the point ring model, the central light beam is simulated as a conical light beam, and its characteristics are inconsistent with the geometric characteristics of the Gaussian light beam, making it difficult to accurately express the characteristics of the Gaussian light beam. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable annular spot modeling method and system.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a method for modeling an adjustable annular spot, comprising:

[0007] S1: Discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam. The central beam is waist-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of single-leaf hyperbolas. The outer ring beam is cone-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of cone surfaces.

[0008] S2: Generate the point of the central beam on the focal plane, and generate it in a certain range (0, R g ) satisfies the Gaussian distribution of points x0 ,y 0 , taking this point as a point on the straight generatrix, the straight generatrix can be generated based on this;

[0009] S3: Generate the points of the outer ring beam on the ring focal plane, and also generate a certain range (0, R r ) points that conform to the Gaussian distribution, expand the generated points to the outer ring area, and according to the transformed coordinates x r ,y r , z r , and then according to the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring beam and the central beam, the coordinate x corresponding to the ring focal plane on the beam combining surface can be calculated h ,y h , z h ;

[0010] S4: Based on each point generated by the boxmuller method, the distance from this point to the center is used as the radius to generate points with a certain circular interval;

[0011] S5: Record the position and direction of the points generated in step 4, and assign a certain amount of energy to each discrete beam of light.

[0012] Furthermore, in S1, the straight generatrix equation of the single-leaf hyperboloid is written in point form as follows:

[0013]

[0014] In formula (1) x 0 is the horizontal coordinate of the generated point, y 0 is the ordinate of the generated point, z 0 The default value is 0. a and b are the intersection points of this single-leaf hyperboloid on the plane z = 0 with the x and y axes. Here a = b. is the waist radius of the central beam. c is the Rayleigh length of the central beam. g is the radius of the central beam.

[0015] Further, the equation of the cone in S3:

[0016]

[0017] In formula (2), x r ,y r , z r is the coordinate of the outer ring beam in the focal plane, x h ,y h , z h is the coordinate of the central beam and the outer ring beam on the beam combining surface. r is the width of the ring.

[0018] Furthermore, in S5, energy is assigned according to a certain Gaussian distribution, and the energy formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] (3) In the formula, q tg is the energy distributed to each discrete beam at the center, Q g is the total energy of the central beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 The coordinates generated for the focal plane, R g is the radius of the central beam;

[0021] (4) In the formula, q tr is the energy distributed to each discrete beam at the center, Q r is the total energy of the central beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 The coordinates generated for the focal plane, R r is the radius of the central beam.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable annular spot modeling system for implementing the adjustable annular spot modeling method, comprising:

[0023] Central / outer ring beam discretization module: used to discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam. The central beam is waist-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of single-leaf hyperbolas. The outer ring beam is cone-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of cone surfaces.

[0024] Straight line generation module: used to generate the point of the central beam on the focal plane, based on the boxmuller algorithm to generate a point in a certain range (0, R g ) satisfies the Gaussian distribution of points x 0 ,y 0 , taking this point as a point on the straight generatrix, the straight generatrix can be generated based on this;

[0025] The module for calculating the coordinates of the beam combining surface and the ring focal plane: Generate the points of the outer ring beam on the ring focal plane, and also generate a certain range (0, R r ) points that conform to the Gaussian distribution, expand the generated points to the outer ring area, and according to the transformed coordinates x r ,y r , z r , and then according to the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring beam and the central beam, the coordinate x corresponding to the ring focal plane on the beam combining surface can be calculated h ,y h , z h ;

[0026] Circular interval point generation module: Based on each point generated by the boxmuller method, the distance from this point to the center is used as the radius to generate points with a certain circular interval;

[0027] Energy endowment module: The application records the position and direction of the points generated by the circular interval point generation module, and endows each discrete beam of light with a certain amount of energy.

[0028] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, the computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the adjustable annular spot modeling method.

[0029] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to execute the steps of the adjustable annular spot modeling method.

[0030] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which includes the adjustable annular spot modeling system.

[0031] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0032] First, the present invention proposes a modeling method for an adjustable annular spot, based on the characteristics of the single-leaf hyperboloid of a Gaussian beam, so that the beams constituting the center conform to the geometric characteristics of the Gaussian beam to a certain extent, and the generation positions of the beams in the outer ring also conform to a certain normal distribution. This method can accurately simulate the geometric shape of the central beam.

[0033] Second, as auxiliary evidence of the inventiveness of the claims of the present invention, it is also reflected in the following important aspects:

[0034] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of the present invention after transformation are as follows: the point-ring beam modeling method can more accurately simulate the propagation and reflection of light in the system, and is applied in relevant numerical simulations. It conforms to the geometric characteristics of the central beam and the outer ring beam, and can meet the requirements of numerical simulation to a certain extent, thereby improving computational efficiency and reducing costs.

[0035] (2) The technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gap in the industry at home and abroad: the original method of simulating a Gaussian beam is to divide it into many cones with smaller intervals, and the positions of different intervals are confirmed by average distribution. The method proposed by the present invention is to generate points that satisfy the normal distribution in a certain area based on the geometric characteristics of the Gaussian beam, and generate the straight generatrix of a single-leaf hyperboloid based on these points, which is closer to the Gaussian beam in geometry, thereby establishing a mathematical model of the corresponding beam.

[0036] (3) The technical solution of the present invention solves a technical problem that people have long been eager to solve but have never been successful: there are various non-ideal features in the optical system, such as scattering, diffraction, etc. Traditional modeling methods may find it difficult to accurately capture and process these features, while the point ring beam modeling method can consider these features more comprehensively, thereby improving the accuracy of modeling.

[0037] (4) The technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudice: compared with traditional methods, the point ring beam modeling method can improve the efficiency and accuracy of modeling and analysis, thereby better meeting the needs of practical applications and simulating the transmission characteristics of Gaussian beams passing through various optical systems.

[0038] Third. Technical problems solved by the present invention:

[0039] 1) Uneven spot shape and energy distribution:

[0040] Existing spot modeling methods make it difficult to accurately control the shape and energy distribution of the spot, resulting in poor results in applications and unable to meet the needs of fine processing and high-precision measurement.

[0041] The present invention discretizes the central light beam and the outer ring light beam and uses the BoxMuller algorithm to generate Gaussian distributed light spots, so that the light spot shape and energy distribution are more uniform, meeting the requirements of fine processing and high-precision measurement.

[0042] 2) The beam model is not flexible:

[0043] Traditional beam modeling methods lack flexibility and are difficult to adapt to the needs of different application scenarios, especially when the spot shape and size need to be dynamically adjusted.

[0044] The present invention provides an adjustable annular light spot modeling method, which can flexibly change the shape and size of the light spot through parameter adjustment, adapt to the needs of different application scenarios, and improve the applicability of the system.

[0045] 3) High modeling complexity:

[0046] The existing spot modeling methods are highly complex and computationally intensive, making them difficult to apply in real time to actual systems.

[0047] The present invention reduces the modeling complexity by adopting discretization processing and simplified mathematical models (such as single-leaf hyperbola and cone equations), making the spot modeling more efficient and easy to implement in a practical system.

[0048] ###Significant technological advances achieved:

[0049] 1) The spot shape and energy distribution uniformity are significantly improved:

[0050] Through the method of the present invention, the generated light spot is more uniform in shape and energy distribution, meeting the needs of high-precision applications, such as fine operations in the fields of laser processing and optical measurement, and improving the accuracy and consistency of processing and measurement.

[0051] 2) Enhanced modeling flexibility:

[0052] The adjustable annular spot modeling method of the present invention can flexibly change the shape and size of the spot by adjusting parameters to adapt to different application requirements. This flexibility has significant advantages in dynamic application scenarios, allowing the system to maintain optimal performance under different conditions.

[0053] 3) Improved modeling efficiency:

[0054] By using discretization processing and simplified mathematical models, the method of the present invention reduces computational complexity and improves modeling efficiency. Through efficient algorithms, a spot model that meets the requirements can be generated in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require rapid response, such as real-time detection and dynamic adjustment of light beams.

[0055] 4) The system has wide applicability:

[0056] The method of the present invention is applicable to a variety of industrial and scientific research fields, such as laser processing, optical measurement, medical imaging, etc. By adjusting the shape and energy distribution of the light spot, the specific needs of different fields can be met, and the application range of the system is expanded.

[0057] 5) High precision and stability:

[0058] Through strict mathematical modeling and optimization algorithms, the method of the present invention performs well in the accuracy and stability of the light spot, ensuring the reliability and consistency of the system during long-term operation.

[0059] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention has achieved significant technical progress in the uniformity, flexibility, efficiency and applicability of spot modeling, and effectively solved many problems in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 The adjustable annular spot modeling method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an adjustable annular spot modeling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 is a plan view of a light beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention

[0063] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional effect diagram of a light beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5 is a distribution diagram of light beam positions in each cross section provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 It is a beam display diagram of the light beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention in tecplot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0067] The following are two embodiments of the adjustable annular spot modeling method in industrial applications based on the present invention:

[0068] ###Example 1: Laser Micromachining

[0069] Laser micromachining is widely used in electronic device manufacturing, precision instrument processing and other fields. High-precision and high-uniformity laser spots are required to achieve fine cutting, drilling, etching and other operations.

[0070] 1) Light spot design:

[0071] According to processing requirements, the method of the present invention is used to generate an annular light spot with Gaussian distribution energy, and the requirements of different processing tasks are met by adjusting the shape and size of the light spot.

[0072] 2) Light spot generation:

[0073] The central beam and the outer ring beam are discretized, and the BoxMuller algorithm is used to generate light spots on the point focal plane and the ring focal plane to achieve uniform distribution of the light spot.

[0074] 3) Energy distribution optimization:

[0075] According to the Gaussian distribution formula, the spot energy is optimized and distributed to ensure uniform distribution of the spot energy and improve processing accuracy.

[0076] 4) Actual processing:

[0077] The generated light spot is applied to laser micromachining equipment for actual processing operations, and the light spot parameters are adjusted to adapt to different materials and process requirements.

[0078] Effect:

[0079] Improve machining accuracy and consistency and reduce machining defects.

[0080] Achieve high-precision processing of complex shapes and tiny features to meet the needs of electronic device and precision instrument manufacturing.

[0081] ###Example 2: Optical measurement system

[0082] In optical measurement systems, such as laser interferometers and laser rangefinders, high-precision and high-stability laser spots are required for precise measurement.

[0083] 1) Spot modeling:

[0084] According to the measurement requirements, the method of the present invention is used to generate an annular light spot with Gaussian distribution energy, and the measurement accuracy is optimized by adjusting the shape and size of the light spot.

[0085] 2) Light spot generation:

[0086] The BoxMuller algorithm is used to generate light spots on the point focal plane and the ring focal plane, and the light spots are discretized to achieve uniform light spot distribution.

[0087] 3) Energy assignment:

[0088] According to the Gaussian distribution formula, the spot energy is optimally distributed to ensure uniform distribution of the spot energy and improve measurement accuracy and stability.

[0089] 4) Actual measurement:

[0090] The generated light spot is applied to the optical measurement system for actual measurement operations, and the light spot parameters are adjusted to adapt to different measurement environments and conditions.

[0091] Effect:

[0092] Improve measurement accuracy and stability and reduce measurement errors.

[0093] It can realize high-precision optical measurement and is suitable for measurement tasks with high-precision requirements, such as laser interferometry, laser displacement measurement, etc.

[0094] Through the above two embodiments, it can be seen that the adjustable annular spot modeling method of the present invention significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the system in laser micromachining and optical measurement systems, solves the problems of uneven spot shape and energy distribution, inflexible modeling, etc. in the prior art, and provides a reliable and efficient solution for the industrial and scientific research fields.

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, the adjustable annular spot modeling method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0096] S1: Discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam. The central beam is waist-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of single-leaf hyperbolas. The outer ring beam is cone-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of cone surfaces.

[0097] S2: Generate the point of the central beam on the focal plane, and generate it in a certain range (0, R g ) satisfies the Gaussian distribution of points x 0 ,y 0 , taking this point as a point on the straight generatrix, the straight generatrix can be generated based on this;

[0098] S3: Generate the points of the outer ring beam on the ring focal plane, and also generate a certain range (0, R r ) points that conform to the Gaussian distribution, expand the generated points to the outer ring area, and according to the transformed coordinates x r ,y r , z r , and then according to the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring beam and the central beam, the coordinate x corresponding to the ring focal plane on the beam combining surface can be calculated h ,y h , z h ;

[0099] S4: Based on each point generated by the boxmuller method, the distance from this point to the center is used as the radius to generate points with a certain circular interval;

[0100] S5: Record the position and direction of the points generated in S4, and assign a certain amount of energy to each discrete beam of light. In S1, the straight generatrix equation of the single-leaf hyperboloid is written in point-wise form as follows:

[0101]

[0102] In formula (1) x 0 is the horizontal coordinate of the generated point, y 0 is the ordinate of the generated point, z 0 The default value is 0. a and b are the intersection points of this single-leaf hyperboloid on the plane z = 0 with the x and y axes. Here a = b. is the waist radius of the central beam. c is the Rayleigh length of the central beam. g is the radius of the central beam.

[0103] The equation of the cone in S3:

[0104]

[0105] In formula (2), x r ,y r , z r is the coordinate of the outer ring beam in the focal plane, x h ,y h , z h is the coordinate of the central beam and the outer ring beam on the beam combining surface. r is the width of the ring.

[0106] In S5, energy is assigned according to a certain Gaussian distribution, and the energy assigned formula is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] (3) In the formula, q tg is the energy distributed to each discrete beam at the center, Q g is the total energy of the central beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 The coordinates generated for the focal plane, R g is the radius of the central beam;

[0109] (4) In the formula, q tr is the energy distributed to each discrete beam at the center, Q r is the total energy of the central beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 The coordinates generated for the focal plane, R r is the radius of the central beam.

[0110] like Figure 2 As shown, the adjustable annular spot modeling system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0111] Central / outer ring beam discretization module: used to discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam. The central beam is waist-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of single-leaf hyperbolas. The outer ring beam is cone-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of cone surfaces.

[0112] Straight line generation module: used to generate the point of the central beam on the focal plane, based on the boxmuller algorithm to generate a point in a certain range (0, R g ) satisfies the Gaussian distribution of points x 0 ,y 0 , taking this point as a point on the straight generatrix, the straight generatrix can be generated based on this;

[0113] The module for calculating the coordinates of the beam combining surface and the ring focal plane: Generate the points of the outer ring beam on the ring focal plane, and also generate a certain range (0, R r ) points that conform to the Gaussian distribution, expand the generated points to the outer ring area, and according to the transformed coordinates x r ,y r , z r , and then according to the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring beam and the central beam, the coordinate x corresponding to the ring focal plane on the beam combining surface can be calculated h ,y h , z h ;

[0114] Circular interval point generation module: Based on each point generated by the boxmuller method, the distance from this point to the center is used as the radius to generate points with a certain circular interval;

[0115] Energy endowment module: The application records the position and direction of the points generated by the circular interval point generation module, and endows each discrete beam of light with a certain amount of energy.

[0116] Preferably, an adjustable annular spot modeling method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0117] Step 1: Define some variables, w_h_r is the radius of the central beam, w_h_r_ro is the outer ring radius of the annular beam, w_h_r_ri is the inner ring radius of the annular beam, w_h_b is the Rayleigh length, w_h_mm is the number of central beams, w_h_mmr is the number of beams in the ring, w_h_zr is the ordinate of the ring focal plane, and w_h_zh is the ordinate of the beam combining plane. First, explain the construction method of the central beam.

[0118] Step 2: Generate a random number r in the range (1, 1) 1 , r 2 , If R=0 or R>0, regenerate r 1 , r 2 , and then according to the following formula

[0119]

[0120] In the above formulas (1) and (2), x 0 ,y 0 is the coordinate of the central beam in the focal plane, and the calculated x 0 ,y 0 ,judge and the size of w_h_r, if Repeat the above steps to calculate x 0 ,y 0 ,until

[0121] Step 3: Based on the x generated in step 2 0 ,y 0 , with this point as the starting point, the origin of the coordinate system as the center, the distance from this point to the origin as the radius, and at a certain angle d n Rotate to generate a new point x j ,y j .

[0122]

[0123] In the above formulas (3) and (4), α g For point (x0 ,y 0 ) and the positive direction of the x-axis, as shown in the following formula (5), j is the number of points in a circle, d n is the interval angle.

[0124]

[0125] Step 4: Since the central beam is waist-shaped, which is consistent with the shape of a single-leaf hyperboloid, and a single-leaf hyperboloid has two straight generatrixes, determine the position and direction of one of the straight generatrixes that make up the central beam, and thus generate a random number r in the range of (0, 1) 3 , if r 3 >0.5, then calculate the direction according to formula (6) (7). If r 3 <0.5, the direction is calculated according to equations (8) and (9).

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] In the above formula, w_h_b is the Rayleigh length, x 1 and 1 is the x and y direction of a straight generatrix, x' 1 With y' 1 The x and y directions of the other straight generatrix are -w_h_b, and the position coordinate is x 0 ,y 0 , z 0 ,

[0129] Step 5: Give energy to each straight line that makes up the central beam, as shown below

[0130]

[0131] In the above formula (10), Q g is the total energy of the central beam, k is the coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 is the coordinate generated by the focal plane, and w_h_r is the radius of the central beam. The above is the method for constructing the central beam. Next, the method for constructing the outer annular beam is explained.

[0132] Step 6: Generate the coordinates of the point as in step 2, x 0 ,y 0 , then judge and the size of w_h_r_ro-w_h_r_ri, if Then regenerate x 0 ,y 0 ,when When , expand this point to the range of the ring, that is, between w_h_r_ri and w_h_r_ro, the point coordinate is x r0 ,y r0 .

[0133] Step 7: Same as step 3, based on x r0 ,y r0 Generate a circle with points x rj ,y rj .

[0134]

[0135] In the above formulas (11) and (12), α r For point (x r0 ,y r0 ) and the positive direction of the x-axis, as shown in the following formula (13), j is the number of points in a circle, d n is the interval angle.

[0136]

[0137] Step 8: Position information x of the ring beam r0 ,y r0 , z r0 It has been determined that z r0 is the vertical coordinate of the focal plane. The remaining step is to determine the direction of the straight line forming the ring beam, according to the x rj ,y rj , according to α r and x h The horizontal and vertical coordinates x on the beam combining surface can be calculated hj ,y hj , as shown below:

[0138] x hj =x h *cos(α r +j*d n ) (14)

[0139] y hj =x h *sin(α r +j*d n ) (15)

[0140] in w_h_zh is the vertical coordinate of the beam combining surface, w_h_b is the Rayleigh length. Then the direction of the cone generatrix is ​​as follows:

[0141] x 1r =x hj -x rj (16)

[0142] y 1r =y hj -y rj (17)

[0143] z 1r =w_h_zh-w_h_zr (18)

[0144] Step 9: Give energy to each straight line that makes up the ring beam, as shown below

[0145]

[0146] In the above formula (19), Q r is the total energy of the annular beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x r0 ,y r0 are the coordinates generated by the focal plane, w_h_r_ro is the radius of the outer ring beam, and w_h_r_ri is the radius of the inner ring beam.

[0147] At this point, the construction process of the central beam and the outer ring beam is completed, and the effect diagram in MATLAB is as follows: Figure 4 , the beam position distribution of each section is as follows Figure 5 .

[0148] An application embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the adjustable annular spot modeling method.

[0149] An application embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the adjustable annular spot modeling method.

[0150] An application embodiment of the present invention provides an information data processing terminal, which includes an adjustable annular light spot modeling system.

[0151] In laser welding, numerical simulation can help understand the complex physical and chemical phenomena in the welding process, optimize process parameters, improve welding quality, and reduce experimental costs. Numerical simulation includes geometric modeling, meshing, physical parameter definition, boundary conditions and initial conditions setting, solving and post-processing. The method of the present invention is mainly used in the establishment of heat source model. A new annular beam modeling method is proposed, which can better meet the geometric characteristics of the central Gaussian beam and perform more accurate numerical simulation of the transmission characteristics of the beam, thereby playing a more important role in numerical simulation.

[0152] First, according to the method mentioned in the specific implementation plan, define the corresponding variables and give numerical values. The radius of the central beam is 0.2mm, the radius of the outer ring of the annular beam is 0.87mm, the radius of the inner ring of the annular beam is 0.6mm, the Rayleigh length is 6.72mm, the number of central beams is 30, the number of ring beams is 30, and the vertical coordinate of the beam combining surface is 10mm. Then write the relevant program to generate the initial point within the beam radius, determine the direction, and generate the straight generatrix of the single-leaf hyperboloid passing through the point according to the above formula. Given the direction and position, assign the corresponding energy to each beam. While generating the point of the central beam through the boxmuller method, the initial point of the outer ring beam is also generated, and the position and direction are also assigned. Finally, the point distribution effect diagram of each beam section is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. The final program runs in fluent, and the shape of the generated beam in space is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0153] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware part can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. A person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer executable instructions and / or contained in a processor control code, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVDROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. Such code is provided on the carrier medium. The device and its modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0154] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for modeling an adjustable annular spot. It is characterized in that include: S1: Discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam. The central beam is waist-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of single-leaf hyperbolas. The outer ring beam is cone-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of cone surfaces. S2: Generate the point of the central beam on the focal plane, and generate it in a certain range (0, R g ) satisfies the Gaussian distribution of points x 0 ,y 0 , taking this point as a point on the straight generatrix, the straight generatrix can be generated based on this; S3: Generate the points of the outer ring beam on the ring focal plane, and also generate a certain range (0, R r ) points that conform to the Gaussian distribution, expand the generated points to the outer ring area, and according to the transformed coordinates x r ,y r , z r , and then according to the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring beam and the central beam, the coordinate x corresponding to the ring focal plane on the beam combining surface can be calculated h ,y h , z h ; S4: Based on each point generated by the boxmuller method, the distance from this point to the center is used as the radius to generate points with a certain circular interval; S5: Record the position and direction of the points generated in S4, and assign a certain amount of energy to each discrete beam of light.

2. The adjustable annular spot modeling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In S1, the straight generatrix equation of a single-leaf hyperboloid is written in point form as follows: In formula (1) x 0 is the horizontal coordinate of the generated point, y 0 is the ordinate of the generated point, z 0 The default value is 0, a and b are the intersection points of this single-leaf hyperboloid with the x and y axes on the plane of z=0, where a=b, is the waist radius of the central beam, c is the Rayleigh length of the central beam, and Rg is the radius of the central beam.

3. The adjustable annular spot modeling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The equation of the cone in S3: In formula (2), x r ,y r , z r is the coordinate of the outer ring beam in the focal plane, x h ,y h , z h is the coordinate of the central beam and the outer ring beam on the beam combining surface. r is the width of the ring.

4. The adjustable annular spot modeling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In S5, energy is assigned according to a certain Gaussian distribution, and the energy assigned formula is as follows: (3) In the formula, q tg is the energy distributed to each discrete beam at the center, Q g is the total energy of the central beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 The coordinates generated for the focal plane, R g is the radius of the central beam; (4) In the formula, q tr is the energy distributed to each discrete beam at the center, Q r is the total energy of the central beam, k is the energy distribution coefficient, x 0 ,y 0 The coordinates generated for the focal plane, R r is the radius of the central beam.

5. An adjustable annular spot modeling system for implementing the adjustable annular spot modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, include: Central / outer ring beam discretization module: used to discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam. The central beam is waist-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of single-leaf hyperbolas. The outer ring beam is cone-shaped and consists of a series of straight generatrixes of cone surfaces. Straight line generation module: used to generate the point of the central beam on the focal plane, based on the boxmuller algorithm to generate a certain range (0, R g ) satisfies the Gaussian distribution of points x 0 ,y 0 , taking this point as a point on the straight generatrix, the straight generatrix can be generated based on this; The module for calculating the coordinates of the beam combining surface and the ring focal plane: Generate the points of the outer ring beam on the ring focal plane, and also generate a certain range (0, R r ) points that conform to the Gaussian distribution, expand the generated points to the outer ring area, and according to the transformed coordinates x r ,y r , z r , and then according to the radius of the beam combining surface of the outer ring beam and the central beam, the coordinate x corresponding to the ring focal plane on the beam combining surface can be calculated h ,y h , z h ; Circular interval point generation module: Based on each point generated by the boxmuller method, the distance from this point to the center is used as the radius to generate points with a certain circular interval; Energy endowment module: The application records the position and direction of the points generated by the circular interval point generation module, and endows each discrete beam of light with a certain amount of energy.

6. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the adjustable annular spot modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to execute the steps of the adjustable annular spot modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. An information data processing terminal, comprising the adjustable annular spot modeling system according to claim 5.

9. A method for modeling an adjustable annular spot for laser micromachining based on the method of claim 1, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1: According to the processing requirements, a ring-shaped spot is generated using Gaussian distribution, and the shape and size of the spot are adjusted to meet the requirements of different processing tasks; S2: Discretize the central beam and the outer ring beam, and use the BoxMuller algorithm to generate light spots on the point focal plane and the ring focal plane to achieve uniform distribution of the light spot; S3: According to the Gaussian distribution formula, the spot energy is optimized and distributed to ensure uniform distribution of the spot energy and improve processing accuracy; S4: Apply the generated light spot to laser micromachining equipment, and adjust the light spot parameters to adapt to different materials and process requirements to achieve fine cutting, drilling and etching operations.

10. A method for modeling an adjustable annular spot for an optical measurement system based on the method of claim 1, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1: According to the measurement requirements, a ring-shaped spot is generated using Gaussian distribution, and the measurement accuracy is optimized by adjusting the shape and size of the spot; S2: Use the BoxMuller algorithm to generate light spots on the point focal plane and the ring focal plane, and perform discretization processing on the light spots to achieve uniform light spot distribution; S3: According to the Gaussian distribution formula, the spot energy is optimized and distributed to ensure uniform distribution of the spot energy and improve measurement accuracy and stability; S4: Apply the generated light spot to the optical measurement system, and adjust the light spot parameters to adapt to different measurement environments and conditions to achieve high-precision laser interferometry and laser displacement measurement.

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