A method for seedling raising of nothosuchowia zanthoxyloides by grafting

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of nothocinnamomum officinale grafting seedling raising methods, belong to the technical field of pepper grafting seedling, the method includes the following steps: (1) top pot pepper stock seedling cultivation: select 2-year-old disease-resistant, drought-resistant, well-growing top pot pepper big green pepper variety seedling as stock;(2) nothocinnamomum officinale scion collection: select current year nothocinnamomum officinale branch as scion, top of pruned scion, compound leaf, get grafting scion;(3) grafting: on the same stock, complete first branch grafting in late December-2 late, complete second bud grafting in late May-early July;(5) management after grafting: grafting survival carries out fertilization and weeding, solve the problem of low grafting survival rate caused by that cambium does not completely adhere when grafting.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Zanthoxylum bungeanum grafting, and particularly relates to a method for grafting and seedling raising of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum with different rootstocks. BACKGROUND

[0002] Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a plant of Rutaceae and Zanthoxylum, is a characteristic economic forest tree species with functions of spice, oil, medicine and industrial raw material, has strong drought resistance and early fruiting characteristics, and is widely cultivated in Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Shandong, Guizhou and Yunnan, and plays a very important role in rocky desertification control and rural economic growth. However, the current widely cultivated Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Zanthoxylum bungeanum have more branches and leaf thorns, which causes inconvenience in Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedling raising, planting, shaping and pruning and harvesting, and results in high labor cost in Zanthoxylum bungeanum cultivation and management. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on key technologies for breeding high-quality thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and to accelerate the large-scale popularization and application of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties.

[0003] Thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum has the characteristics of high quality and high yield of ordinary Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and has less branch thorns and leaf thorns, which directly reduces the cost of cultivation and management, and has a very broad prospect of development and utilization. Common Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedling breeding methods include sowing, cutting, tissue culture and grafting seedling raising. However, the seed germination rate of sowing seedling raising is low, the seedling branch and leaf thorns are more, the cutting seedling rooting time is long, and the seedling raising period is long. The tissue culture technology has not been widely used in production. The method of multiple grafting is used to breed thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum, which can stably maintain the few thorn characteristics of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and improve the resistance of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings. The survival rate of Zanthoxylum bungeanum grafted seedlings is directly related to the affinity of grafted parents, the age of rootstock, grafting technology and environmental factors. On the basis of selecting high-quality Zanthoxylum bungeanum big green pepper resistant rootstock and thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion, the limiting factor of grafting survival is the close contact between rootstock and scion. The cells of the formed layer of the contacted scion and rootstock produce a large amount of callus, and the callus further proliferates and connects, and differentiates to form vascular tissue, and the vascular tissue differentiates vascular bundle and vessel, and then the grafting survival. The more complete the contact, the easier the callus to form, and the higher the survival rate of grafting. However, the formed layer of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is relatively thin, and the contact operation is relatively difficult, which leads to difficulty in nutrient transport between the rootstock and the scion, and low grafting survival rate. The current treatment method is to re-prune the grafting part and graft again to ensure that the cut surfaces of the formed layer are aligned and contacted, but this directly causes waste of human resources and increase of cost.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a method for grafting and seedling raising of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum with different rootstocks, which improves the traditional Zanthoxylum bungeanum grafting method to solve the problem of low grafting survival rate caused by incomplete contact of the formed layer. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for grafting seedling culture of Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. sinica, which solves the problem of low survival rate of grafting due to incomplete adhesion of cambium during grafting.

[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0007] A method for grafting seedling culture of Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. sinica, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Top Zanthoxylum bungeanum stock seedling cultivation: In mid-to-late August, collect mature top Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruiting spikes that are resistant to disease and drought, separate the seeds with a separator, and sow the seeds in a seedbed after disinfection. After 2 years of cultivation according to the conventional seedling culture method, select 2-year-old top Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedling with good growth vigor and a ground diameter of 0.8-1 cm as the stock seedling;

[0009] (2) Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. sinica scion collection: Select 1-year-old Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. sinica branches that are healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, free of pests and diseases, and have a diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm as scions, and trim the top and compound leaves of the scions to obtain grafting scions;

[0010] (3) Grafting: On the same stock, complete the first branch grafting in late December to late February, and complete the second embedded bud grafting in late May to early July;

[0011] (5) Post-grafting management: Apply farmyard manure at 15-20 kg per plant in mid-August every year, and perform 3-4 times of weeding every year, and do a good job in pest control.

[0012] Further, the length of the scion is trimmed to 5-6 cm in step (2).

[0013] Further, the first branch grafting in step (3) is performed as follows:

[0014] S1: Make an oblique cut 1-2 cm from the back of the first bud of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. sinica scion, remove one-third of the xylem, and make a small cut on the back of the oblique surface, exposing a small part of the xylem;

[0015] S2: Graft at 5-8 cm from the ground of the stock, trim the middle and upper parts of the seedling, remove the thorns and leaves on the stem, make a cut on the stock, and vertically cut 2 cm in the cortex with a little xylem;

[0016] S3: Insert the grafting aid sheet into the cut of the stock, completely adhere to the stock, then insert the scion into the cut of the stock, tightly adhere the long oblique surface of the scion to the grafting aid sheet, finally wrap the plastic tape, and clean the sprouts on the stock in time, and untie the tape after 25-35 days.

[0017] Further, the operation of the second inarching in step (3) is:

[0018] S1: Take the woody square bud on the scion bud 1-1.5 cm above and below, and cut the smooth surface near the cambium;

[0019] S2: Perform grafting 8-10 cm away from the ground of the stock, remove the thorns and leaves on the stem, and smooth the cut surface of the stock to the size of the graft bud;

[0020] S3: Attach the grafting aid sheet to the cut of the stock, then attach the scion above the grafting aid sheet, hold the stock left and right after alignment, fix the thumb of the left hand at the lower part of the scion, and fix the plastic bag with one side from bottom to top. Clean the tender buds that sprout on the stock in time, and untie the plastic bag after 25-35 days.

[0021] Further, the grafting aid sheet comprises the following raw materials: konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate, arginine, and cassava starch.

[0022] Further, the proportions of the raw materials of the grafting aid sheet are as follows: the mass ratio of konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate, arginine, and cassava starch is (4-5):(1.5-2):(2-2.5):(1.2-1.5):(1.5-1.8):(2-3).

[0023] Further, the preparation method of the grafting aid sheet is as follows:

[0024] A: Add sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate to deionized water, stir at 250-350 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain a sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate solution, add arginine, ethyl acetate, and konjac glucomannan, and stir uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0025] B: Add water to cassava starch, gelatinize at 80-90°C to obtain a cassava starch paste, and then add the mixed solution and calcium carbonate after cooling, and stir uniformly to obtain a grafting aid;

[0026] C: Pour the grafting aid into a sheet mold, dry at 20-25°C for 3-4 h, and demold to obtain the grafting aid sheet.

[0027] Further, the mass ratio of cassava starch to water in step B is 1:20.

[0028] Further, the thickness of the grafting aid sheet is 2-3 mm.

[0029] The grafting promoting sheet is placed between the stock and the scion and closely adheres to each other, the grafting promoting sheet can absorb water and nutrients in the stock into the grafting promoting sheet, as the water in the grafting promoting sheet is more and more, the ethyl acetate in the grafting promoting sheet is slowly hydrolyzed to generate acetic acid, the generated acetic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate uniformly distributed in the grafting promoting sheet to generate carbon dioxide, and the calcium carbonate consumed by the reaction makes the structure of the grafting promoting gel sheet loose, thereby promoting the material transmission between the stock and the scion.

[0030] At this time, the material transmission between the scion and the stock begins to be carried out through the loose grafting promoting sheet, the sodium xylene sulfonate in the grafting promoting sheet can reduce the crosslinking density of the grafting promoting sheet, reduce the diffusion resistance of the material in the grafting promoting sheet, make the material transmission between the stock and the scion more smooth, and make the scion obtain sufficient water and nutrient substances for growth, so that the activity of the scion is maintained. In addition, arginine is also added to the grafting promoting sheet, which can improve the differentiation activity of the cell tissue at the grafting site, promote the continuous division of the cells at the cut to form callus, and further differentiate tubular molecules. The grafting promoting sheet made of konjac glucomannan and cassava starch is mixed in the water exchange process between the stock and the scion, the hydrophilicity of the cassava starch molecules is strong, the cassava starch molecules gradually swell by absorbing water during the continuous water transport, thereby destroying the structure of the grafting promoting sheet, making the grafting promoting gel sheet further loose, which not only benefits the material exchange between the stock and the scion, but also benefits the degradation of the grafting promoting sheet, so that the intercellular strands can be quickly formed between the cells of the scion and the stock, the callus at the grafting site is promoted, and the survival rate of grafting is improved. Therefore, the grafting promoting sheet can establish a channel for material and signal transmission between the stock and the scion, so that the exchange between the stock and the scion can be conducted by relying on the grafting promoting sheet as a medium, thereby reducing the operation difficulty of grafting.

[0031] Beneficial effects:

[0032] The grafting promoting sheet prepared by the method can provide a channel for material transmission between the stock and the scion, promote the generation of callus, and improve the survival rate and grafting rate of the Chinese prickly ash. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 : the first grafting diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The application will be described in detail below with specific examples.

[0035] Example 1: No-sting Zanthoxylum bungeanum heterograft seedling raising

[0036] Preparation of grafting aid sheet:

[0037] A: 1.2 g of sodium toluenesulfonate was added to 100 ml of ionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium toluenesulfonate solution, 1.5 g of arginine, 2 g of ethyl acetate, and 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0038] B: 2 g of cassava starch was gelatinized with 40 g of water at 80℃ to obtain a cassava starch paste, and after cooling, the mixed solution, 1.5 g of calcium carbonate were added and stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting aid;

[0039] C: The grafting aid was injected into a sheet mold and dried at 20℃ for 3 h, and then demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting aid sheet.

[0040] Method for no-sting Zanthoxylum bungeanum heterograft seedling raising

[0041] (1) Top-tan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedling cultivation: In mid-to-late August, mature top-tan Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruiting branches resistant to disease and drought were collected, and seeds were separated by a separating machine. The seeds were sterilized and sown in a seedbed, and after 2 years of cultivation according to the conventional seedling raising method, 2-year-old top-tan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedling with a good growth potential and a ground diameter of 0.8 cm was selected as the rootstock seedling;

[0042] (2) No-sting Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion collection: Selecting a healthy and fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease-free and 0.4 cm diameter current-year no-sting Zanthoxylum bungeanum branch as a scion, trimming the scion to 5 cm in length, and trimming the top and compound leaves of the scion to obtain a grafting scion;

[0043] (3) Grafting:

[0044] First branch grafting: The first branch grafting was started in late December

[0045] S1: The first bud of the no-sting Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion was obliquely cut 1 cm from the back, and one-third of the xylem was removed, the oblique surface was about 2 cm long, and a small cut surface was made on the back of the oblique surface, slightly exposing a small part of the xylem;

[0046] S2: Grafting was performed 5 cm from the ground of the rootstock, the middle and upper parts of the seedling were cut off, the thorns and leaves on the seedling stem were removed, the rootstock was cut, and a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a small amount of xylem;

[0047] S3: Insert the grafting aid sheet into the cutting of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cutting of the rootstock, the long bevel of the scion is close to the grafting aid sheet, finally, wrap with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie after 25 days.

[0048] Second time of bud grafting: the second time of bud grafting on the same rootstock is carried out in late May

[0049] S1: take the wood square bud on the upper and lower 1 cm of the scion bud, and cut the cambium smooth surface;

[0050] S2: graft at 8 cm from the ground of the rootstock, remove the thorns and leaves on the stem, and take the smooth surface of the cutting of the rootstock with the size of the bud;

[0051] S3: insert the grafting aid sheet close to the cutting of the rootstock, then insert the scion close to the grafting aid sheet, align and hold the rootstock left and right, fix the lower part of the scion with the thumb of the left hand and one side of the plastic bag, fix from the bottom to the top, make the plastic tape not loose, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie after 25 days.

[0052] (5) Management after grafting: apply farmyard manure 15 kg per plant in mid-August every year, weed 3 times every year, and do well in insect prevention.

[0053] Example 2: Nothostaffiaia heteroclita grafting seedling two

[0054] Preparation of grafting aid sheet:

[0055] A: 1.35 g of sodium xylene sulfonate is added to 112 ml of ionized water, stirred at 300 rpm for 8 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, 1.65 g of arginine, 2.25 g of ethyl acetate, and 4.5 g of konjac glucomannan are added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0056] B: 2.5 g of tapioca starch is added to 50 g of water, and gelatinized at 85°C to obtain a tapioca starch paste. After cooling, the mixed solution, 1.75 g of calcium carbonate are added and stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting aid;

[0057] C: The grafting aid is injected into the sheet mold, dried at 22°C for 3.5 h, and demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting aid sheet.

[0058] Method for nothostaffiaia heteroclita grafting seedling:

[0059] (1) Top Zhan pepper stock seedling cultivation: in the middle and late August, collect mature Top Zhan pepper fruiting branches with disease resistance and drought resistance, separate the seeds with a separator, disinfect the seeds, and sow them in the seedbed. After 2 years of cultivation according to the conventional seedling raising method, select 2-year-old Top Zhan pepper seedling with good growth vigor and a ground diameter of 0.9 cm as the stock seedling;

[0060] (2) Stalkless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion collection: select 0.4 cm diameter, fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease-free and pest-free current-year stalkless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches as scions, the scion thickness is less than or close to the thickness of the stock, trim the scion length to 5.5 cm, and trim the top and compound leaves of the scion to obtain the grafted scion;

[0061] (3) Grafting:

[0062] First branch grafting: the first branch grafting is started in late December

[0063] S1: make an oblique cut 1.5 cm from the back of the first bud of the stalkless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion, remove one-third of the xylem, and make an oblique surface about 2.5 cm long. Then make a small cut on the back of the oblique surface, slightly exposing a small part of the xylem;

[0064] S2: graft at a distance of 6.5 cm from the ground of the stock, trim the middle and upper parts of the seedling, remove the thorns and leaves on the stem, make a cut on the stock, and then vertically cut off 2 cm of the stock with a little xylem in the cortex;

[0065] S3: insert the grafting aid sheet into the cut of the stock, completely adhere to the stock, then insert the scion into the cut of the stock, and tightly adhere the long oblique surface of the scion to the grafting aid sheet. Finally, wrap the plastic tape, and clean the sprouts on the stock in time, and untie the plastic tape after 30 days.

[0066] Second embedded bud grafting: the second embedded bud grafting is started in late May on the same stock

[0067] S1: take the xylem square bud 1.2 cm above and below the bud of the scion, and make a smooth cut surface near the cambium;

[0068] S2: graft at a distance of 9 cm from the ground of the stock, remove the thorns and leaves on the stem, and make a smooth cut surface on the stock with the size of the bud;

[0069] S3: tightly adhere the grafting aid sheet to the cut of the stock, then tightly adhere the scion to the grafting aid sheet, hold the stock left and right, fix the lower part of the scion with the thumb of the left hand on one side of the plastic bag, and fix the plastic tape from the bottom to the top. Clean the sprouts on the stock in time, and untie the plastic tape after 30 days.

[0070] (5) After grafting management: In mid-August every year, 18 kg of farmyard manure is applied per plant, and 3 times of weeding and insect prevention are needed every year.

[0071] Example 3: Grafting seedling culture of Zanthoxylum bungeanum without thorns using hetero-grafting

[0072] Preparation of grafting aid:

[0073] A: 1.5 g of sodium dithiotinic acid is added to 125 ml of ionized water, and stirred at 350 rpm for 10 min to obtain a sodium dithiotinic acid solution, 1.8 g of arginine, 2.5 g of ethyl acetate, and 5 g of konjac glucomannan are added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0074] B: 3 g of cassava starch is added to 60 g of water, and gelatinized at 90°C to obtain a cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixed solution and 2 g of calcium carbonate are added and stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting aid;

[0075] C: The grafting aid is injected into a sheet mold, dried at 25°C for 4 h, and demolded to obtain a 3 mm grafting aid sheet.

[0076] Method for grafting seedling culture of Zanthoxylum bungeanum without thorns using hetero-grafting

[0077] (1) Cultivation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: In mid-to-late August, mature Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruiting branches resistant to disease and drought are collected, and the seeds are separated by a separator. The seeds are sterilized and sown in a seedbed for cultivation. Two-year-old Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedling with a ground diameter of 0.8 cm is selected as the rootstock seedling;

[0078] (2) Collection of Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select one-year-old Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches that are healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, and free of pests and diseases as the scion. The thickness of the scion is less than or close to that of the rootstock. The length of the scion is trimmed to 50 cm, and the top and compound leaves of the scion are trimmed to obtain the grafting scion;

[0079] (3) Grafting:

[0080] First branch grafting: The first branch grafting is performed in late December

[0081] S1: The first bud of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion is obliquely cut 2 cm from the back, and one-third of the xylem is removed. The oblique surface is about 3 cm long, and a small cut is made on the back of the oblique surface, exposing a small part of the xylem;

[0082] S2: The grafting is performed 8 cm from the ground of the rootstock. The middle and upper parts of the seedling are cut off, and the thorns and leaves on the stem are removed. The rootstock is cut, and a 2 cm vertical cut is made in the cortex with a small amount of xylem;

[0083] S3: Insert the grafting facilitation sheet into the cutting of the stock, completely close to the stock, then insert the scion into the cutting of the stock, the long bevel of the scion is close to the grafting facilitation sheet, finally, wrap with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the stock in time, and untie after 25 days.

[0084] Second time of bud grafting: the second time of bud grafting on the same stock is carried out in late May

[0085] S1: take the wood square bud at 1.5 cm above and below the scion bud, and cut the smooth cutting surface close to the cambium;

[0086] S2: graft at 10 cm from the ground of the stock, remove the thorns and leaves on the stem, and cut the smooth cutting surface of the stock to the size of the bud;

[0087] S3: insert the grafting facilitation sheet close to the cutting of the stock, then insert the scion close to the grafting facilitation sheet, hold the stock left and right after alignment, fix the lower part of the scion with the thumb of the left hand on one side of the plastic bag, and fix from the bottom to the top of the plastic tape to prevent loosening, clean the sprouts on the stock in time, and untie after 25 days.

[0088] (5) Management after grafting: apply farmyard manure 20 kg per plant in mid-August every year, weed 4 times every year, and do well in insect prevention.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, and the only difference is that the preparation process of the grafting facilitation sheet is different, specifically, no ethyl acetate is added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0091] A: 1.2 g of sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate is added to 100 ml of ionized water, stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate solution, 1.5 g of arginine and 4 g of konjac glucomannan are added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0092] B: 2 g of tapioca starch is added to 40 g of water, and gelatinized at 80°C to obtain a tapioca starch paste. After cooling, the mixed solution, 1.5 g of calcium carbonate are added and stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting facilitation agent;

[0093] C: The grafting facilitation agent is injected into the sheet mold, dried at 20°C for 3 h, and demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting facilitation sheet.

[0094] The method of bud grafting of Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. spinosum on Zanthoxylum bungeanum in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 2

[0096] The comparative example is compared with example 1, and the only difference is that the preparation process of the grafting aid sheet is different, specifically, no calcium carbonate is added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0097] A: 1.2 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 100 ml of deionized water, stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, 1.5 g of arginine, 2 g of ethyl acetate, and 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;

[0098] B: 2 g of cassava starch was added to 40 g of water and gelatinized at 80°C to obtain a cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixture was added and stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting aid;

[0099] C: The grafting aid was injected into a sheet mold and dried at 20°C for 3 h, and then demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting aid sheet.

[0100] The grafting aid method of the comparative example without Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. thorny is the same as that of example 1.

[0101] Comparative example 3:

[0102] The comparative example is compared with example 1, and the only difference is that the preparation process of the grafting aid sheet is different, specifically, no sodium xylene sulfonate is added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0103] A: 1.5 g of arginine was added to 100 ml of deionized water, stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain an arginine solution, then the solution was heated to 70°C, 4 g of konjac glucomannan was added, and the mixture was stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;

[0104] B: 2 g of cassava starch was added to 40 g of water and gelatinized at 80°C, and the mixture was added during the gelatinization process. After mixing uniformly, 1.5 g of calcium carbonate was added, and the mixture was stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting aid;

[0105] C: The grafting aid was injected into a sheet mold and dried at 25°C for 3 h, and then demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting aid sheet.

[0106] The grafting aid method of the comparative example without Zanthoxylum bungeanum var. thorny is the same as that of example 1.

[0107] Comparative example 4:

[0108] The comparative example is compared with example 1, and the only difference is that the preparation process of the grafting aid sheet is different, specifically, no arginine is added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0109] A: 1.2 g of sodium toluenesulfonate was added to 100 ml of ionized water, stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium toluenesulfonate solution, 2 g of ethyl acetate, 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0110] B: 2 g of cassava starch was added to 40 g of water and gelatinized at 80°C to obtain a cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixed solution, 1.5 g of calcium carbonate were added and stirred uniformly to obtain a grafting promoter;

[0111] C: The grafting promoter was injected into a sheet mold and dried at 20°C for 3 h, and then demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting promotion sheet.

[0112] The grafting method of the comparative example 2 was the same as that of the example 1.

[0113] Comparative example 5:

[0114] The comparative example 2 was compared with the example 1, and the only difference was that the preparation process of the grafting promotion sheet was different, specifically, no cassava starch was added, and the specific steps were as follows:

[0115] A: 1.2 g of sodium toluenesulfonate was added to 100 ml of ionized water, stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium toluenesulfonate solution, 2 g of ethyl acetate, 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0116] B: The grafting promoter was injected into a sheet mold and dried at 20°C for 3 h, and then demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting promotion sheet.

[0117] The grafting method of the comparative example 2 was the same as that of the example 1.

[0118] Comparative example 6:

[0119] The comparative example 2 was compared with the example 1, and the only difference was that the preparation process of the grafting promotion sheet was different, specifically, no cassava starch was added, and the specific steps were as follows:

[0120] A: 4 g of konjac glucomannan was uniformly mixed with 100 ml of ionized water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, and then the sodium alginate solution was uniformly mixed with a 4 wt% calcium chloride solution according to a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a grafting promoter;

[0121] B: The grafting promoter was injected into a sheet mold and dried at 20°C for 3 h, and then demolded to obtain a 2 mm grafting promotion sheet.

[0122] The grafting method of the comparative example 2 was the same as that of the example 1.

[0123] Blank control:

[0124] The blank control is contrasted with Example 1, with the only difference being that the grafting aid sheet is not used, and the specific method is as follows:

[0125] (1) Top-trellis Zanthoxylum bungeanum stock seedling cultivation: In mid-to-late August, mature top-trellis Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruiting heads resistant to disease and drought were collected, and seeds were separated by a separating machine. The seeds were sterilized and sown in a seedbed. After two years of cultivation according to the conventional seedling raising method, 2-year-old Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedling with a good growth vigor and a ground diameter of 0.8 cm was selected as the stock seedling;

[0126] (2) Sticker collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum: Year-old thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches with a diameter of 0.4 cm, a good growth, full lignification or semi-lignification, no disease and insect pests, and a length of 5 cm were selected as stickers, and the tips and compound leaves of the stickers were trimmed to obtain grafting stickers;

[0127] (3) Grafting:

[0128] First branch grafting: The first branch grafting was started in late December

[0129] S1: The first bud of the thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum was obliquely cut at a position 1 cm from the back, and one-third of the xylem was removed. A small cutting surface was formed on the back of the oblique surface, and a small part of the xylem was exposed;

[0130] S2: The grafting was performed at a position 5 cm from the ground of the stock. The middle and upper parts of the seedling were cut off, the thorns and leaves on the seedling stem were removed, the stock was cut, and a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a little xylem;

[0131] S3: The sticker was inserted into the cut of the stock, and the plastic tape was wrapped. The tender buds germinated on the stock were cleaned in time, and the plastic tape was unwrapped after 25 days.

[0132] Second embedded bud grafting: The second embedded bud grafting was started in late May on the same stock

[0133] S1: The xylem block bud was taken at a position 1 cm above and below the sticker bud, and a smooth cutting surface was formed near the cambium;

[0134] S2: The grafting was performed at a position 8 cm from the ground of the stock. The thorns and leaves on the seedling stem were removed, the stock was cut, and a cutting surface of the size of the bud was formed;

[0135] S3: The sticker was tightly attached to the cutting surface of the stock, and the stock was held on the left and right sides. The lower part of the sticker was fixed on one side of the plastic bag with the left thumb, and the plastic tape was fixed from the bottom to the top. The tender buds germinated on the stock were cleaned in time, and the plastic tape was unwrapped after 25 days.

[0136] (5) After grafting management: In mid-August every year, 15 kg of farmyard manure is applied per plant, and 3 times of weeding and insect prevention are needed every year.

[0137] Experiment 1:

[0138] Rootstock: 2-year-old, 0.8 cm in ground diameter, and top-tan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with good growth vigor are selected as rootstock seedlings.

[0139] Scion: the current-year Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches without thorns, which are healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, free of diseases and pests, and 0.4 cm in diameter, are selected as scions, the length of the scions is trimmed to 5 cm, and the top and compound leaves of the scions are trimmed.

[0140] Grafting facilitation sheet: the grafting facilitation sheets prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1-6 are used in Group 1 and Comparative Group 1-5 respectively, and no grafting facilitation sheet is used in the blank group.

[0141] Grafting:

[0142] First branch grafting: the first branch grafting is started in late December

[0143] S1: the first bud of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion is obliquely cut at 1 cm from the back, one-third of the xylem is removed, the oblique surface is about 2 cm long, and a small cutting surface is cut at the back of the oblique surface, slightly exposing a small part of the xylem;

[0144] S2: the grafting is performed at 5 cm from the ground of the rootstock, the middle and upper parts of the seedling are cut off, the thorns and leaves on the stem are removed, the rootstock is cut, and a 2 cm vertical cutting is made in the cortex with a little xylem;

[0145] S3: the grafting facilitation sheet is inserted into the cutting of the rootstock and tightly adheres to the rootstock, then the scion is inserted into the cutting of the rootstock, the long oblique surface of the scion is tightly combined with the grafting facilitation sheet, finally the plastic tape is wrapped, the sprouts germinated on the rootstock are cleaned in time, and the wrapping is removed after 25 days.

[0146] Second embedded bud grafting: the second embedded bud grafting is started in late May on the same rootstock

[0147] S1: the xylem block bud is taken at 1 cm above and below the bud of the scion, and a smooth cutting surface is formed by cutting near the cambium;

[0148] S2: the grafting is performed at 8 cm from the ground of the rootstock, the thorns and leaves on the stem are removed, the rootstock is smoothly cut, and a cutting surface of the size of the bud is obtained;

[0149] S3: The grafting aid sheet is tightly attached to the cut of the stock, and then the scion is tightly attached above the grafting aid sheet. The stock is held left and right after alignment, the thumb of the left hand is fixed at the lower part of the scion, and the plastic bag is fixed from the bottom to the top. The sprouts germinated on the stock are cleaned in time, and the fixing is released after 25 days.

[0150] Eight experimental fields with equal areas are set up, and 100 stocks are selected for grafting in each experimental group. The survival number is counted on the 30th day after grafting, and the survival rate is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0151] Table 1

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] From Table 1, it can be seen that:

[0155] 1. Compared with Example 1, the survival rate of the grafting in Comparative Group 1 is lower because no ethyl acetate is added. Ethyl acetate can slowly hydrolyze to generate acetic acid and react with calcium carbonate uniformly distributed in the grafting aid sheet. In Comparative Group 1, the calcium carbonate cannot be consumed to generate pores, resulting in slow material transport between the stock and the scion, and thus a low grafting survival rate. Compared with Example 1, the rate of material exchange between the stock and the scion in Comparative Group 2 is slow because no calcium carbonate is added, and the grafting aid sheet cannot timely establish a material transport channel between the stock and the scion, resulting in blocked transport of nutrients and water, inactivated scion, and thus decreased grafting survival rate. Compared with Example 1, the degradation rate of the grafting aid sheet in Comparative Group 5 is slow because no cassava starch is added, and the plasmodesmata formed between the stock and the scion are hindered to a certain extent, resulting in slow connection of the vascular bridge between the stock and the scion, and thus affected material exchange between the stock and the scion and decreased survival rate.

[0156] 2. Compared with Example 1, the cross-linking of the grafting aid sheet in Comparative Group 3 is denser because no sodium dimethylbenzenesulfonate is added, and the diffusion resistance of the material in the grafting aid sheet is larger, resulting in slow transport rate between the stock and the scion, and thus a low survival rate.

[0157] 3. Compared with Example 1, the cell activity of the grafting interface in Comparative Group 4 is lower because no arginine is added, and the differentiation ability is poor, resulting in slow production of callus and decreased grafting survival rate.

[0158] 4、Comparative group 6 uses sodium alginate gel sheet for grafting, the survival rate of grafting is lower, because the sodium alginate gel sheet is attached between the stock and the scion, the degradation rate is slow, and the material transport rate is slow, leading to difficulty in connecting between the stock and the scion, thereby reducing the survival rate of grafting.

[0159] 5、The blank group compared with the implementation group 1, no use of promoting grafting sheet, the survival rate of grafting is lower, because the cambium of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is thin, the stock and the scion are not completely attached, the nutrient transport of the stock and the scion is difficult, leading to lower survival rate of grafting.

[0160] Experiment 2:

[0161] In order to detect the effect of promoting grafting sheet on the material transport between the stock and the scion, the same amount of tracer 6(5)CF was injected on the stock in the implementation group 1 and the comparative group 1-6 after the first grafting, and it was observed how long it took to detect 6(5)CF from the scion, and the results are shown in Table 2:

[0162] Table 2

[0163] Time (d) Test Group 1 6 Comparative Group 1 9 Comparative Group 2 9 Comparative Group 3 8 Comparative Group 4 7 Comparative Group 5 9 Comparative Example 6 11

[0164] Analysis of Table 2 shows that:

[0165] 1、Comparative group 1 compared with the implementation group 1, no addition of ethyl acetate, the calcium carbonate in the promoting grafting sheet is not reacted, leading to slow material transport rate between the stock and the scion, and 6(5)CF can be detected in the scion after 9d. Comparative group 2 does not add calcium carbonate, and cannot quickly establish a material transport channel, leading to slow rate of material exchange between the stock and the scion, and longer transmission time of 6(5)CF. Comparative group 5 compared with the implementation group 1, does not add cassava starch, the degradation rate of the promoting grafting sheet is slower, leading to longer time for 6(5)CF to transport to the scion.

[0166] 2、Comparative group 3 does not add sodium xylene sulfonate, the cross-linking degree of the promoting grafting sheet is larger, the material transport in the promoting grafting sheet is slower, leading to longer time for 6(5)CF to transport to the scion, and longer time is needed to detect 6(5)CF in the scion.

[0167] 3、Comparative group 6 uses sodium alginate gel sheet, the degradation rate of the sodium alginate gel sheet is slower, leading to longer time for 6(5)CF to transport to the scion, and therefore, longer time is needed to detect 6(5)CF from the scion.

[0168] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and all should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the present application are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for propagating thornless Sichuan pepper seedlings by grafting onto different rootstocks, characterized in that, The method is as follows: (1) Cultivation of Dingtan pepper rootstock seedlings: Select 2-year-old disease-resistant, drought-resistant, and vigorous Dingtan pepper large green pepper seedlings as rootstocks; (2) Collection of thornless Sichuan pepper scions: Select current year's thornless Sichuan pepper branches as scions, prune the tips and compound leaves of the scions to obtain grafting scions; (3) Grafting: On the same rootstock, the first branch grafting is completed from late December to late February, and the second bud grafting is completed from late May to early July; (5) Post-grafting management: After the grafted grafts have survived, fertilize and weed; The first grafting operation in step (3) is as follows: S1: Make a slanted cut 1-2cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless Sichuan pepper scion, remove one-third of the wood, and make a slanted cut 2-3cm long. Then make a small cut on the back of the slanted cut to expose a small part of the wood. S2: Grafting is performed on the rootstock 5-8cm above the ground. First, cut off the middle and upper part of the seedling, remove the bark thorns and leaves on the seedling stem, make a cut on the rootstock, and then vertically cut 2cm from the bark, slightly including the xylem. S3: Insert the grafting promotion film into the rootstock incision, making sure it is completely and tightly attached to the rootstock. Then insert the scion into the rootstock incision, ensuring that the long slanted surface of the scion is in close contact with the grafting promotion film. Finally, wrap the film with plastic tape, promptly remove any sprouting buds from the rootstock, and untie the film after 25-35 days. The grafting-promoting thin film contains the following raw materials: konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium xylenesulfonate, arginine, and tapioca starch; The method for preparing the grafting-promoting thin slice is as follows: A: Add sodium xylenesulfonate to deionized water and stir at 250-350 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain sodium xylenesulfonate solution. Add arginine, ethyl acetate and konjac glucomannan and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution. B: Add water to cassava starch and gelatinize it at 80-90℃ to obtain cassava starch paste. After cooling, add the mixed liquid and calcium carbonate, and stir evenly to obtain the grafting accelerator. C: Inject the grafting agent into the thin film mold, dry it at 20-25℃ for 3-4 hours, and demold to obtain the grafting-promoted thin film.

2. The method for propagating thornless Sichuan pepper seedlings by grafting onto different rootstocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the scion is trimmed to a length of 5-6 cm.

3. The method for propagating thornless Sichuan pepper seedlings by grafting onto different rootstocks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second budding operation in step (3) is as follows: S1: Take a woody square bud 1-1.5cm above or below the scion bud, and make a smooth cut close to the cambium layer; S2: Grafting is performed 8-10cm away from the ground of the rootstock. Remove the thorns and leaves from the seedling stem and make a smooth cut on the rootstock to the size of the bud. S3: Place the grafting film tightly on the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion tightly on top of the grafting film. After aligning, support the rootstock from both sides. Fix the lower part of the scion with your left thumb on one side of the plastic bag and tie it from bottom to top to ensure that the plastic bag is not loose. Clean up any tender buds that sprout on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25-35 days.

4. The method for propagating thornless Sichuan pepper seedlings by grafting onto different rootstocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proportions of the raw materials in the grafting-promoting thin film are as follows: the mass ratio of konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium xylenesulfonate, arginine, and cassava starch is (4-5): (1.5-2): (2-2.5): (1.2-1.5): (1.5-1.8): (2-3).

5. The method for propagating thornless Sichuan pepper seedlings by grafting onto different rootstocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step B, the mass ratio of cassava starch to water is 1:

20.

6. The method for propagating thornless Sichuan pepper seedlings by grafting onto different rootstocks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the grafting-promoting thin film is 2-3 mm.

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