A device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators

Abstract

This invention provides a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of insulators in transmission lines, relating to the field of lightning protection technology for transmission lines. It includes a high-frequency filter, a low-impedance channel, and a phase change material (PCM) electric field energy absorber. The high-frequency filter is installed on the side of the overhead lightning protection line near the tower to block the lightning current generated by lightning strikes. The low-impedance channel is connected to the input end of the PCM electric field energy absorber via a coaxial cable to guide the lightning current to the PCM electric field energy absorber. The PCM electric field energy absorber is installed on the tower near the ground, and its output end is connected to the tower and grounded to absorb the electric field energy of the lightning current. This device can effectively reduce the tower potential and the amplitude of the lightning current, reducing the probability of flashover of insulators and transmission line tripping caused by lightning strikes in the power system, and improving the operational reliability of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lightning protection technology for power transmission lines, and in particular to a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of insulators on power transmission lines. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead transmission lines are connected to the conductors via insulators to ensure electrical insulation of the conductors from the surrounding environment, and the insulators are fixed to supporting towers. However, these lines may generate electromagnetic interference to the surrounding environment, and existing overhead transmission lines are vulnerable to lightning strikes, which can easily lead to phase-to-ground flashovers, short circuits, and tripping, and in extreme cases, may even cause fires.

[0003] In existing lightning protection systems for power transmission lines, surge arresters are the primary means of lightning protection. However, in DC transmission lines, due to the high cost of DC surge arresters, they are usually not installed along the entire line. Furthermore, the design of high-voltage surge arresters generally includes gaps, which are typically located between the arrester and the conductor. This gap design may cause polarity effects during dielectric impedance discharge, significantly reducing the arrester's operating sensitivity. Consequently, in the event of a lightning strike, even if the insulator has already experienced flashover, the surge arrester may fail to respond in time or may not operate at all.

[0004] Therefore, a transmission line protection device that can effectively guide electric field energy and reduce the impact of lightning strikes on power transmission urgently needs to be studied. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of insulators in transmission lines. This solves the technical problem in the prior art where surge arresters cannot effectively guide the electric field energy generated by lightning strikes, thus affecting power transmission and causing flashover in insulators.

[0006] This invention provides a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of insulators in transmission lines, comprising: a high-frequency filter, a low-impedance channel, and a phase change material electric field energy absorber;

[0007] The high-frequency filter is installed on the side of the overhead lightning protection line near the tower, and the high-frequency filter is used to block the lightning current generated by lightning strikes.

[0008] The first end of the low-impedance channel is connected to the end of the high-frequency filter away from the tower, and the second end of the low-impedance channel is connected to the input end of the phase change material electric field energy absorber. The low-impedance channel is used to guide the lightning current to the phase change material electric field energy absorber.

[0009] The phase change material electric field energy absorber is installed near the ground on the tower, and the output end of the phase change material electric field energy absorber is connected to the tower and grounded. It is used to absorb the electric field energy of lightning current and to convert and output the electric field energy.

[0010] Optionally, the high-frequency filter includes a high-permeability iron core, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the overhead lightning protection wire.

[0011] Optionally, the high-permeability iron core is a ring-shaped structure with an opening.

[0012] Optionally, the phase change material electric field energy absorber is an RC pulse absorber with a high dielectric constant.

[0013] Optionally, the low impedance channel is a high-voltage resistant, low impedance, high-frequency coaxial communication cable.

[0014] Optionally, an inductor is installed on the overhead lightning protection line, and the inductor is connected in series with the high-frequency filter.

[0015] Optionally, a three-phase conductor is connected between two adjacent towers, and the overhead lightning protection line is connected to the three-phase conductor through a first capacitor.

[0016] Optionally, the three-phase conductors include phase A, phase B, and phase C conductors arranged sequentially from the top to the bottom of the tower, and insulators are provided at both ends of phase A, phase B, and phase C conductors;

[0017] The overhead lightning protection line is connected to the A-phase conductor through the first capacitor, and a second capacitor is connected between the B-phase conductor and the C-phase conductor.

[0018] Optionally, both ends of the overhead lightning protection line are connected to adjacent towers through the high-frequency filter, and each tower is equipped with a phase change material electric field energy absorber near the ground. Each phase change material electric field energy absorber is connected to the high-frequency filter connected to the corresponding tower through the low wave impedance channel.

[0019] Optionally, the device may further include an energy recovery and utilization system;

[0020] The energy recovery and utilization system is connected to the phase change material electric field energy absorber and is used to recover and utilize the energy absorbed by the phase change material electric field energy absorber.

[0021] The present invention provides a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators. A high-frequency filter is installed and fixed on the side of the overhead lightning protection wire closest to the tower, effectively blocking the lightning current generated by lightning strikes and preventing it from entering the power system, thus reducing the impact of lightning strikes on transmission lines. The lightning current is then guided to a phase change material electric field energy absorber through a low-impedance channel, preventing it from propagating along other paths and reducing the risk of insulator flashover. The phase change material electric field energy absorber converts and safely releases the electric field energy in the lightning current, reducing the impact and damage to power equipment. This device effectively absorbs and processes lightning current, reducing the probability of insulator flashover and transmission line tripping caused by lightning strikes in the power system, and improving the operational stability of the power system.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators in one embodiment of this application is provided;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-frequency filter in a lightning flashover tripping device for power transmission line insulators provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. High-frequency filter; 101. High-permeability iron core; 2. Low wave impedance channel; 3. Phase change material electric field energy absorber; 4. Overhead lightning protection wire; 5. Pole tower; 6. A-phase conductor; 7. B-phase conductor; 8. C-phase conductor; 9. Insulator;

[0029] L1, inductor; C1, first capacitor; C2, second capacitor; Cj, distributed capacitance;

[0030] I1, the first current; I2, the second current; I3, the third current; I4, the fourth current. Detailed Implementation

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] This invention provides a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a high-frequency filter 1, a low-impedance channel 2, and a phase change material electric field energy absorber 3. The high-frequency filter 1 is installed on the side of the overhead lightning protection line 4 near the tower 5, and is used to block the lightning current generated by lightning strikes. The first end of the low-impedance channel 2 is connected to the end of the high-frequency filter 1 away from the tower 5, and the second end of the low-impedance channel 2 is connected to the input end of the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3. The low-impedance channel 2 is used to guide the lightning current to the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3. The phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 is installed on the tower 5 near the ground, and the output end of the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 is connected to the tower 5 and grounded. It is used to absorb the electric field energy of the lightning current and convert and output the electric field energy.

[0035] The present invention provides a device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators. A high-frequency filter 1 is installed and fixed on the side of the overhead lightning protection wire 4 near the tower 5 to block the lightning current generated by lightning strikes, effectively preventing the lightning current from entering the power system and reducing the impact of lightning strikes on transmission lines. Then, the lightning current is guided to the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 through a low-impedance channel 2, preventing the lightning current from propagating along other paths and reducing the risk of flashover of the insulator 9. The phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 converts and safely releases the electric field energy in the lightning current, reducing the impact and damage to power equipment. The above device can effectively absorb and process lightning current, reducing the probability of flashover of the insulator 9 and transmission line tripping caused by lightning strikes in the power system, and improving the operational stability of the power system.

[0036] Specifically, in the above embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the high-frequency filter 1 includes a high-permeability iron core 101, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the overhead lightning protection line 4.

[0037] Furthermore, the high-permeability iron core 101 is a ring-shaped structure with an opening.

[0038] The high-frequency filter 1 specifically includes a high-permeability iron core 101 with a permeability μ > 500. The high-permeability iron core 101 is a ring-shaped structure, which is wrapped around the outer wall of the overhead lightning protection wire 4 after opening. It serves to increase the electromagnetic impedance under magnetic induction, suppress the current flowing to the tower 5 at high frequencies, and minimize the current value. Its inductance is required to be > 50 μH.

[0039] In this embodiment, the high-permeability iron core 101 can significantly enhance the concentration effect of the magnetic field, making the high-frequency filter 1 more effective in blocking the high-frequency components in the lightning current, which helps to reduce the chance of the lightning current entering the power system, thereby protecting other key components from damage. The high-permeability iron core 101 is designed as a ring-shaped structure with an opening, which can be easily installed on the existing overhead lightning protection line 4. The opening design can reduce the eddy current effect generated inside the iron core to a certain extent, reduce energy loss, and improve filtering efficiency.

[0040] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 is an RC pulse absorber with a high dielectric constant.

[0041] Among them, the electric field energy absorbed by the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 is greater than 5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 joule.

[0042] In this embodiment, the RC pulse absorber can respond quickly to instantaneous high voltage and current changes, effectively absorbing the electric field energy in lightning strikes or other transient events. Using materials with high dielectric constants can increase the energy storage capacity of the capacitor, storing more energy in the same volume, thus handling high-intensity energy surges more efficiently. By rationally configuring the resistance and capacitance parameters, the RC pulse absorber can smooth the input transient waveform, reduce the impact of peak voltage on subsequent circuits, provide more stable output characteristics when processing energy, and avoid system instability caused by energy fluctuations. Finally, by converting and processing the electric field energy of lightning current, the stability of power system operation is maintained.

[0043] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the low impedance channel 2 is a high voltage-resistant low impedance high frequency coaxial communication cable.

[0044] Among them, the wave impedance value of the low wave impedance channel 2 is required to be Z<100Ω, and the voltage withstand value is greater than 100kV.

[0045] In this embodiment, the low wave impedance of the communication cable ensures that the resistance encountered by the lightning current during transmission is minimized, enabling the lightning current to be efficiently transmitted from the high-frequency filter 1 to the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3, reducing energy loss and improving the overall operating efficiency of the power system. Furthermore, due to the low wave impedance, it can better match the characteristic impedance of the load end, thereby reducing signal reflection and standing wave phenomena and ensuring stable energy transmission. The high voltage resistance of the communication cable enables the cable to work safely under extreme conditions without breakdown or damage due to high voltage, and can cope with transient high-energy events such as lightning strikes. At the same time, the high voltage resistance enhances the safety of the entire device.

[0046] Specifically, in the above embodiment, an inductor L1 is installed on the overhead lightning protection line 4, and the inductor L1 is connected in series with the high-frequency filter 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, inductor L1 also has a high impedance to high-frequency current, which can further suppress the high-frequency components in lightning current. When inductor L1 is connected in series with high-frequency filter 1, the two work together to more effectively block high-frequency lightning current from entering the power system. In particular, inductor L1 can smooth the rapid change of current, reduce the impact of peak current in lightning current on the system, enhance the filtering effect of the entire circuit, make the current more stable, effectively protect the power equipment from the effects of high-frequency interference and transient voltage, and help the subsequent energy absorption and conversion process.

[0048] Specifically, in the above embodiment, a three-phase conductor is connected between two adjacent towers 5, and the overhead lightning protection line 4 is connected to the three-phase conductor through the first capacitor C1.

[0049] Furthermore, the three-phase conductors include phase A conductor 6, phase B conductor 7, and phase C conductor 8 arranged sequentially from the top to the bottom of the tower 5. Insulators 9 are installed at both ends of phase A conductor 6, phase B conductor 7, and phase C conductor 8. The overhead lightning protection wire 4 is connected to phase A conductor 6 through a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2 is connected between phase B conductor 7 and phase C conductor 8.

[0050] In this embodiment, specifically combined with Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the current flow during a lightning strike. When a lightning strike occurs, the point of impact is on the overhead lightning protection wire 4. The lightning current, after passing through the inductor L1, forms the first current I1. After being blocked by the high-frequency filter 1, the first current I1 forms the fourth current I4 in one branch, which flows into the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 through the low impedance channel 2. In another branch, a small amount of the third current I3 flows through the high-frequency filter 1 and then into the ground through the tower 5. Considering that the overhead lightning protection wire 4 is also connected to the A-phase conductor 6 by the first capacitor C1, the high-frequency component of the lightning current is coupled into the A-phase conductor 6, i.e., the second current I2 flows on the A-phase conductor 6. At the same time, there is a certain amount of spatial induced current flowing through the B-phase conductor 7 and the C-phase conductor 8.

[0051] Among them, there is a physical characteristic called distributed capacitance Cj that naturally exists between the terminals of insulator 9. The distributed capacitance Cj is caused by the material and structure of insulator 9 itself, and it manifests as the effect of a capacitor in electrical engineering.

[0052] Specifically, in the above embodiment, both ends of the overhead lightning protection line 4 are connected to the adjacent tower 5 through a high-frequency filter 1, and each tower 5 is equipped with a phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 near the ground. Each phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 is connected to the high-frequency filter 1 connected to the corresponding tower 5 through a low wave impedance channel 2.

[0053] In this embodiment, high-frequency filters 1 are installed at both ends of the overhead lightning protection line 4, and each tower 5 is equipped with a low wave impedance channel 2 and a phase change material electric field energy absorber 3, so that the lightning current can be more evenly distributed to each tower 5, avoiding excessive pressure on a single point and reducing the risk of local faults; through efficient management and distribution of lightning current, the probability of insulator flashover 9 and other electrical faults caused by lightning strikes is reduced, and the continuity and reliability of power supply are improved.

[0054] Specifically, in the above embodiments, the device further includes an energy recovery and utilization system; the energy recovery and utilization system is connected to the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 and is used to recover and utilize the energy absorbed by the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3.

[0055] In this embodiment, the main function of the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 is to absorb the electric field energy in lightning current or other transient high-energy events and convert it into heat energy or other forms of energy, thereby protecting the power system from damage. In addition to directly grounding the energy, it can also be connected to other devices for further processing or utilization of this energy. In this application, the phase change material electric field energy absorber 3 can be connected to an energy recovery and utilization system. The energy recovery and utilization system can be an energy storage device, such as a battery energy storage system, which can temporarily store the absorbed energy and release it as needed later; it can be a heat energy recovery and utilization system, such as a heat exchanger or thermoelectric generator; or it can be a cooling system, such as a heat sink, a fan, or a liquid cooling device.

[0056] The theoretical basis for using the lightning flashover tripping device for transmission line insulators provided in this application is as follows: First, when lightning strikes the center of the span of overhead lightning protection wire 4, the simplified calculation of the high-frequency component coupling to the phase conductor is as follows: In a branch inductive channel, i.e., the inductive reactance XL of the ground wire is calculated. According to the "Code for Design of Lightning Protection of Buildings", the inductance of the grounding down conductor is L = 1.89μH / M. Taking half of the ground wire length span, i.e., S = 150M, the ground wire inductance is L = 1.89 x 150 = 283μH. Taking the lightning frequency of negative ground flashover (frequency of 250kHz), the ground wire inductive reactance is XL = 2πfL = 2π x 250 x 10³ x 283 x 10 -6 =444Ω, meaning the high-frequency impedance XL between the lightning strike point and the entrance of the low-impedance channel 2 is 444Ω, while the impedance value X at power frequency is only about 0.5Ω; and for the capacitive channel of another branch, according to the "Power System Design Manual", the equivalent distributed capacitance per unit length between the overhead lightning protection wire 4 ground wire and the A-phase conductor 6 is C0 = 0.01374μF. When the tower span is taken as 300M, the first capacitance C1 = 0.3 x 0.01374 = 0.0041μF = 4.1nF; while the distributed capacitance at both ends of insulator 9 is Cj = 13.5 x 15 = 200pF. Based on this, the impedance of the capacitive channel is actually formed by the series connection of the first capacitor C1 and the distributed capacitance Cj. Taking the smaller value of the distributed equivalent capacitance after the series connection of these two capacitors, that is, C = 200pF, the impedance of the capacitive channel XC = 1 / 2πfc. When the lightning current frequency is still taken as f = 250kHz, XC = 3333Ω.

[0057] Based on the above calculations, the inductive impedance of the branch inductive channel is XL = 444Ω; the capacitive reactance of the branch capacitive channel is XC = 3333Ω, which is only 7.5 times different. Assuming that when lightning strikes the center of the overhead lightning protection wire 4, the breakdown conductors and overvoltage values ​​corresponding to different overhead lightning protection wire 4 arrangements are shown in the table below. When the current is 50kA, U1 = 1201kV. At this time, when the amplitude of the high-frequency voltage component flowing through the insulator 9 is set to 15% of U1, i.e., U1.1 = 180.2kV, the high-frequency impulse current flowing through the insulator 9 is Ij = U1.1 / XC = 54A. Therefore, the high-frequency component current Ij flowing through the insulator 9, i.e., the high-frequency current between the phase conductor and the tower 5, reaches 54A, which will cause flashover discharge of the insulator 9 and trigger power frequency follow current, thereby causing the line to trip.

[0058] Lightning current amplitude (kA) Single lightning protection wire Double lightning protection wire 25 633.3 600.6 50 1266.5 1201.2 75 1899.8 1801.9 100 2533.0 2402.5 125 3100.4 3003.1 150 3235.7 3603.7 175 3639.0 4135.9 200 4184.1 4527.7 225 4271.2 4724.5

[0059] Table 1

[0060] Table 1 above shows the overvoltage values ​​generated at the top of towers when lightning strikes the top of single-line and double-line lightning protection towers. As can be seen from the above calculations, when lightning strikes the center of the lightning protection line span, it should be considered that after the high-frequency electric field of the lightning is coupled to the phase conductor, the high-frequency current of 50A will cause high-frequency leakage current, which will cause the insulator 9 to be broken down and cause the line to trip. After the device provided in this application is installed, the equivalent capacitance C of the device provided in this application is ≥25μF. When the frequency f=250kHz, the equivalent capacitive reactance XC4=1 / 2πfc=0.025Ω of the fourth current I4 is less than XC=3333Ω. Therefore, the lightning current will be diverted to the low wave impedance channel 2 to prevent the lightning current from flowing to the three-phase conductor.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiment can be distributed within the apparatus of the embodiment as described, or can be modified to be located in one or more apparatuses different from this embodiment. The modules of the above-described embodiment can be combined into one module, or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0062] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of any particular implementation scenario. The above disclosures are merely a few specific implementation scenarios of this application; however, this application is not limited thereto, and any variations conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators, characterized in that, include: High-frequency filter (1), low wave impedance channel (2) and phase change material electric field energy absorber (3); The high-frequency filter (1) is installed on the side of the overhead lightning protection line (4) near the tower (5). The high-frequency filter (1) is used to block the lightning current generated by lightning strike. The high-frequency filter (1) includes a high-permeability iron core (101). The high-permeability iron core (101) is sleeved on the outer wall of the overhead lightning protection line (4). The high-permeability iron core (101) is a ring-shaped structure with an opening. The permeability μ of the high-permeability iron core (101) is greater than 500. The inductance of the high-permeability iron core (101) is required to be greater than 50μH. The first end of the low-impedance channel (2) is connected to the end of the high-frequency filter (1) away from the tower (5), and the second end of the low-impedance channel (2) is connected to the input end of the phase change material electric field energy absorber (3). The low-impedance channel (2) is used to guide the lightning current to the phase change material electric field energy absorber (3). The phase change material electric field energy absorber (3) is installed on the tower (5) near the ground, and the output end of the phase change material electric field energy absorber (3) is connected to the tower (5) and grounded. It is used to absorb the electric field energy of lightning current and to convert and output the electric field energy.

2. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change material electric field energy absorber (3) is an RC pulse absorber with a high dielectric constant.

3. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low impedance channel (2) is a high voltage-resistant, low impedance, high frequency coaxial communication cable.

4. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, An inductor is installed on the overhead lightning protection line (4), and the inductor is connected in series with the high-frequency filter (1).

5. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three-phase conductors are connected between two adjacent towers (5), and the overhead lightning protection line (4) is connected to the three-phase conductors through a first capacitor.

6. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 5, characterized in that, The three-phase conductors include phase A conductor (6), phase B conductor (7) and phase C conductor (8) arranged sequentially from the top of the tower (5) to the bottom of the tower (5). Insulators (9) are provided at both ends of phase A conductor (6), phase B conductor (7) and phase C conductor (8). The overhead lightning protection line (4) is connected to the A-phase conductor (6) through the first capacitor, and a second capacitor is connected between the B-phase conductor (7) and the C-phase conductor (8).

7. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the overhead lightning protection line (4) are connected to the adjacent tower (5) through the high-frequency filter (1), and each tower (5) is equipped with a phase change material electric field energy absorber (3) near the ground. Each phase change material electric field energy absorber (3) is connected to the high-frequency filter (1) connected to the corresponding tower (5) through the low wave impedance channel (2).

8. The device for suppressing lightning flashover tripping of transmission line insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an energy recovery and utilization system; The energy recovery and utilization system is connected to the phase change material electric field energy absorber (3) and is used to recover and utilize the energy absorbed by the phase change material electric field energy absorber (3).

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