Method for preparing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin. The method comprises the following steps: shearing wool, removing redundant fat, cutting into blocks, baking and frying to remove moisture, puffing by a puffing machine, and crushing into animal protein powder. The method has the beneficial effects that the whole process is physical, and chemical agents and additives are not used. The protein content reaches 90% of the total mass of the protein powder, the amino acid content in the protein reaches 86%, the variety is multiple and reaches 16, and the digestibility reaches 95%. The equipment is easy-to-purchase ready-made mature equipment and does not need professional training. The technology blank is filled, pollution and waste are reduced, a new way is provided for effective utilization of fresh sheepskin, and waste is turned into wealth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing animal feed protein powder from animal skin, in particular to a method for preparing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheep skin. Background Art

[0002] Feed protein powder is a protein supplement raw material commonly used in animal feed. The main types are: plant feed protein powder, common ones are soybean protein powder, corn protein powder, cottonseed protein powder, rapeseed protein powder. Animal feed protein powder: fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal. Microbial feed protein powder: yeast protein powder.

[0003] The role of protein powder in feed: Provide protein: Provides essential amino acids for animal growth, development, reproduction and other life activities, and is an important component of animal tissues and organs. Improve production performance: Meet the animal's demand for protein, help improve the animal's growth rate, egg production rate, milk production and other production performance indicators. Improve feed quality: Increase the nutritional value of feed, improve the palatability of feed, make animals more willing to eat, thereby improving feed utilization.

[0004] Quality judgment indicators: Protein content: It is an important indicator to measure the quality of feed protein powder. The higher the content, the higher the nutritional value. Amino acid composition: The amino acid composition of high-quality feed protein powder should be balanced and match the nutritional needs of animals. The lack of certain essential amino acids will affect the animal's utilization of protein. Digestibility: It reflects the degree of digestion and absorption of protein in feed protein powder by animals, which is affected by factors such as the source of raw materials and processing technology. Content of impurities and harmful substances: The content of harmful substances such as impurities, mycotoxins, heavy metals, etc. should be strictly controlled to avoid adverse effects on animal health and production performance.

[0005] Fresh sheepskin contains a large amount of high-quality protein and rich amino acids, and is a high-quality raw material for making feed protein powder.

[0006] After a comprehensive search, no relevant patent literature has been found so far that records the method or process of using fresh sheepskin to make feed protein powder. It can be said that this is a patent technology gap. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin. The animal feed protein powder prepared by the method has high protein content, high amino acid content and multiple types, high digestion and absorption rate, and is free of drug residues, mycotoxins and heavy metals.

[0008] The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is that the method for preparing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin comprises the following steps: the first step is shearing, cutting off the wool on the fresh sheepskin; the second step is degreasing, removing the excess fat on the sheepskin by a physical method, so that the fat content of the sheepskin after degreasing is less than 10%; the third step is cutting into blocks, cutting the sheepskin into small blocks; the fourth step is removing moisture, pouring the block sheepskin into a baking and frying integrated pot, the temperature of the dry pot wall of the baking and frying pot is controlled at 200°C, the temperature of the hot air is controlled at 80°C, and the sheepskin blocks are continuously stir-fried in the baking and frying pot to make them uniform. The sheepskin is heated evenly, the water is evaporated evenly, and the sheepskin is stir-fried for 2 to 2.5 hours before being removed from the pan, so that the moisture content of the sheepskin after baking is less than 5%; the fifth step is cooling, cooling the sheepskin blocks after baking to make them hard and brittle; the sixth step is puffing, placing the cooled sheepskin blocks in an extruder, and the puffing temperature is controlled at 250°C. The instantaneous high temperature and high pressure of the extruder causes the sheepskin to expand rapidly in volume, and the internal organizational structure changes, and the sheepskin blocks become fluffy, porous, and crisp honeycomb-shaped; the seventh step is crushing, crushing the puffed material to a size larger than 30 meshes to form animal protein powder.

[0009] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: first, the whole process of production adopts physical methods, does not use any chemical agent, does not add any additives, has no drug residue, no mycotoxin, and no heavy metal. Second, the protein content is high, and the protein content reaches 90% after testing, that is, the protein quality accounts for 90% of the total mass of protein powder. The amino acid content in the protein is high, and the content of amino acids in the protein reaches 86% after testing, and there are many types of amino acids, up to 16 kinds, including isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine, glycine, alanine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, arginine, histidine, and tyrosine. Third, the digestion and absorption rate is high, and after testing, it reaches 95%. Fourth, the equipment used is all ready-made mature equipment that is easy to buy on the market, and no professional training is required. It can be operated after reading the instructions. Fifth, it fills the patent technology gap, reduces pollution, reduces waste, and provides a new way for the effective utilization of fresh sheepskin, turning waste into treasure. Sixth, a new product has been added to the feed protein powder. This product is particularly suitable for aquatic animal breeding and is a low-cost and high-quality feed protein powder for improving the quality and quantity of aquatic products.

[0010] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Embodiment 1, sheepskin is composed of four layers: wool, epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. The dermis is interwoven with collagen fibers and elastic fibers, has strong strength and wear resistance, is not easy to break, is not easy to be directly absorbed by animals after direct crushing, and has a very low digestion and absorption rate. Therefore, the original sheepskin fiber structure must be broken to make feed protein powder that is easily absorbed by animals. According to the tissue structure characteristics of sheepskin, after repeated research and experiments, a method for making feed protein powder that is easily absorbed by animals was invented. The method for making animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin includes the following steps: the first step is shearing, using a shearing machine to shear all the wool on the fresh sheepskin, and the shorter the better. Otherwise, in the subsequent baking process, the fat overflow in the sheepskin will be absorbed by too much wool, and when puffing, it is impossible to achieve complete puffing. Since the shearing machine currently using a physical method cannot completely shear the wool on the sheepskin without leaving any residue, it can only be cut as short as possible; the second step is degreasing, using a degreasing machine to scrape off the excess fat on the sheepskin, so that the fat content of the sheepskin after degreasing is less than 10%. The fat content of sheepskin varies depending on the breed, part of the body, feeding method and other factors. Sheep have well-developed sebaceous glands, subcutaneous fat cells and free fat cells, and the fat content of fresh skin can reach up to 30% of the weight of fresh skin. The fat content of goat skin is less than that of sheep skin, accounting for 10%-15% of the weight of fresh skin. If the fat content of sheepskin is too high, it will directly affect the puffing effect. If the fat content is higher than 10%, it will not be able to achieve complete puffing; the third step is cutting, using a cutting machine to cut the sheepskin into small pieces, the purpose of which is to facilitate baking and frying to remove moisture, and also to facilitate puffing; the fourth step is to remove moisture. The moisture content of fresh sheepskin is as high as 60-70%, and most of the moisture must be removed to make the moisture content no more than 5% before the next step of puffing can be implemented. The specific method is as follows: pour the sheepskin block into a baking and frying integrated pot for baking and frying. The existing baking and frying pot is mainly composed of two parts, a dry pot and a hot air blower. The dry pot is used for frying, and the hot air blower is used for blowing hot air. The temperature of the dry pot cylinder wall of the baking and frying pot is controlled at 200°C, and the temperature of the hot air is controlled at 80°C. The sheepskin block is continuously fried in the baking and frying pot, and the hot air blower is used to blow hot air to make it evenly heated and evaporate water evenly. Stir-fry for 2 to 2.5 hours and take it out of the pot, so that the moisture content of the sheepskin after baking and frying is not higher than 5%; the fifth step is cooling. The sheepskin block just baked and fried is soft and glutinous, and cannot be directly puffed. It must first be hardened and brittle, and then puffed. Therefore, the sheepskin blocks that have been roasted and fried should be cooled to make them hard and brittle; the sixth step is puffing, in which the cooled sheepskin blocks are placed in an extruder, and the puffing temperature is controlled at 250°C. The instantaneous high temperature and high pressure of the extruder causes the volume of the sheepskin to expand rapidly, and the internal organizational structure changes. The sheepskin blocks become fluffy, porous, and crispy honeycomb shapes that break when squeezed by hand; the seventh step is crushing, in which the extruded material is crushed with a crusher to a size larger than 30 meshes to form animal protein powder.The shearing machine, degreasing machine, cutting machine, frying pan, puffing machine and pulverizer are all ready-made mature equipment that can be easily purchased in the market. They can be installed and used after purchase. They can be operated and used by reading the instructions without professional training.

[0012] It should be noted that the feed protein powder produced by this method is particularly suitable for aquatic animal breeding, and is not recommended for livestock breeding such as cattle, horses and sheep, because cattle, horses and sheep have homology. In addition, the protein powder produced by this method can be used as feed and organic fertilizer.

[0013] Example 2, a method for making animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin as described in Example 1, in the third step of cutting, the sheepskin is cut into small pieces, preferably each piece of sheepskin has an area of ​​10 to 16 square centimeters, which is conducive to baking and puffing. In the seventh step of crushing, the material is preferably crushed to 60-80 mesh.

[0014] Example 3, a method for making animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin as described in Example 2, in the third step of cutting, the sheepskin is cut into rectangular blocks, preferably each piece of sheepskin is a rectangle of 2 cm by 5 cm or a rectangle of 3 cm by 5 cm, which is conducive to baking and puffing, and is also convenient for mechanical cutting.

[0015] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The first step is shearing, which is to cut off the wool on the fresh sheepskin; the second step is degreasing, which is to use physical methods to remove excess fat on the sheepskin, so that the fat content of the sheepskin after degreasing is less than 10%; the third step is cutting into blocks, cutting the sheepskin into small blocks; the fourth step is to remove moisture, pouring the block sheepskin into a baking and frying pot, the dry pot wall temperature of the baking and frying pot is controlled at 200℃, the hot air temperature is controlled at 80℃, and the sheepskin blocks are constantly stir-fried in the baking and frying pot to make them evenly heated and evaporate moisture evenly, and stir-fry for 2 to 2.5 hours. The sheepskin is taken out of the pan to make the moisture content of the roasted sheepskin less than 5%; the fifth step is cooling, cooling the roasted sheepskin blocks to make them hard and brittle; the sixth step is puffing, placing the cooled sheepskin blocks into an extruder, and the puffing temperature is controlled at 250°C. The instantaneous high temperature and high pressure of the extruder makes the volume of the sheepskin expand rapidly, and the internal organizational structure changes, and the sheepskin blocks become fluffy, porous, and crisp honeycomb-shaped; the seventh step is crushing, crushing the puffed material to a size larger than 30 meshes to form animal protein powder.

2. The method for producing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the third step of cutting, the sheepskin is cut into blocks, each of which has an area of ​​10 to 16 square centimeters. In the seventh step of crushing, the material is crushed into 60-80 meshes.

3. The method for producing animal feed protein powder from fresh sheepskin according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the third step of cutting, the sheepskin is cut into rectangular blocks, each piece of sheepskin is a rectangle of 2 cm by 5 cm or a rectangle of 3 cm by 5 cm.