Heat exchange system in permafrost region

Abstract

The invention provides a permafrost region heat exchange system which comprises an underground heat exchange assembly, a road surface heat exchange assembly and a ground source heat pump system, the underground heat exchange assembly comprises a pipe pile and a first heat exchange pipe, the first heat exchange pipe is arranged in the pipe pile and is provided with a first working medium, and the pipe pile and the first heat exchange pipe are located in a foundation of a road and extend into a permafrost layer; the road surface heat exchange assembly comprises a second heat exchange pipe, and a second working medium is arranged in the second heat exchange pipe. And the ground source heat pump system, the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe form a first passage and a second passage. The first heat exchange pipe is pre-buried in the pipe pile, the first heat exchange pipe exchanges heat with the ground source heat pump system, and heat in a foundation is transferred to the ground source heat pump system. The road surface heat exchange assembly plays a role in heat preservation, heat of the second heat exchange pipe is effectively prevented from being conducted downwards, and the stability of the frozen soil layer is protected. The first heat exchange pipe can extract heat from the foundation in cold seasons, snow accumulated on the road surface is melted, and safe passing of the road is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of frozen soil engineering, and more particularly, to a heat exchange system in permafrost regions. Background Art

[0002] Highway subgrades in permafrost regions are troubled by freeze-thaw diseases. In winter, low temperatures cause groundwater to freeze and expand, leading to subgrade heaving. In summer, as the temperature rises, the ice melts, causing soil settlement. This periodic freeze-thaw repeatedly affects the road surface and foundation, seriously threatening their stability and durability. Global warming has exacerbated the frequency and destructive power of freeze-thaw.

[0003] Currently, the main measures for protecting subgrades against freeze-thaw diseases are to reduce heat conduction and regulate the temperature of the foundation, such as laying thermal insulation materials, using ventilation ducts, raising the height of the subgrade, etc., but the effects are limited and it is difficult to cope with the thawing of frozen soil caused by long-term high temperatures.

[0004] In cold regions covered with snow in winter, snowmelt is also a major problem. Traditional snowmelt methods, such as using snowmelt agents, will corrode the environment and road surface, and mechanical snow removal is likely to damage the road surface structure. Although electric heating snowmelt on the road surface is effective, it has high energy consumption and high cost and is difficult to promote. The problems of freeze-thaw and snowmelt on highways in permafrost regions urgently need more effective solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange system in permafrost regions, which can effectively protect the frozen layer in the foundation and is beneficial to the rapid melting of snow and ice on the road surface.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0007] A heat exchange system in permafrost regions provided by the present application is installed on a road laid in a permafrost region, and the heat exchange system includes:

[0008] An underground heat exchange component, including pipe piles and a first heat exchange pipe arranged in a direction perpendicular to the road surface, the first heat exchange pipe is arranged inside the pipe pile and a first working medium that vaporizes when reaching a first set temperature is arranged inside, the pipe piles and the first heat exchange pipe are located in the foundation of the road and at least partially extend into the frozen soil layer of the foundation;

[0009] A road surface heat exchange component, including a second heat exchange pipe arranged in the subgrade of the road, the second heat exchange pipe is arranged in a direction parallel to the road surface, and a second working medium that vaporizes when reaching a second set temperature is arranged inside the second heat exchange pipe;

[0010] The ground source heat pump system forms a first passage and a second passage with the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe respectively, so that the ground source heat pump system exchanges heat with the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe respectively, and the ground source heat pump system also switches to a heat exchange method matching the working mode according to different working modes.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, a third working medium flows inside the ground source heat pump system. A third passage or a fourth passage with a circulation direction respectively matching different working modes can be formed inside the ground source heat pump system. The ground source heat pump system switches to the third passage or the fourth passage according to different working modes, so that the third working medium flows along the circulation direction of the third passage or the fourth passage.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the ground source heat pump system includes:

[0013] A first heat exchanger, including a first box body and a first heat exchange structure, the first heat exchange structure is arranged in a first chamber of the first box body; both ends of the first heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to both sides of the first box body through two first circulation pipes and communicate with the first chamber;

[0014] A second heat exchanger, including a second box body and a second heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure is arranged in a second chamber of the second box body; both ends of the second heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to both sides of the second box body through two second circulation pipes and communicate with the second chamber;

[0015] A converter, which is respectively connected to one side of the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure, and the other sides of the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure are connected relatively; the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure, and the converter can form the third passage or the fourth passage; wherein, the converter can switch the installation positions with the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure according to different working modes to form the third passage or the fourth passage.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the ground source heat pump system further includes: a compressor connected to the converter;

[0017] The first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure, the converter, and the compressor can form the third passage or the fourth passage.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the converter includes:

[0019] A housing with a cylindrical installation cavity inside. The housing is provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and a fourth through hole at equal angles with respect to the outer wall of the installation cavity. The first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole respectively correspond to one of the installation positions. Among them, one side of the first heat exchange structure is connected to the housing through a first connecting pipe, the compressor is respectively connected to the housing through a second connecting pipe and a third connecting pipe, the second heat exchange structure is connected to the housing through a fourth connecting pipe, and the end parts of the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, and the fourth connecting pipe are respectively located inside the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole;

[0020] A switching structure is arranged inside the installation cavity and can rotate a set angle along the axial direction of the installation cavity. The switching structure has a first channel and a second channel;

[0021] Among them, when the two ends of the first channel respectively face the first through hole and the second through hole and are respectively docked with the end parts of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel respectively face the third through hole and the fourth through hole and are respectively docked with the end parts of the third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, the third passage is formed;

[0022] When the two ends of the first channel respectively face the first through hole and the third through hole and are respectively docked with the end parts of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel respectively face the second through hole and the fourth through hole and are respectively docked with the end parts of the second connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, the fourth passage is formed;

[0023] Or, when the two ends of the first channel respectively face the second through hole and the fourth through hole and are respectively docked with the end parts of the second connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel respectively face the first through hole and the third through hole and are respectively docked with the end parts of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, the fourth passage is formed;

[0024] A driving mechanism is connected to the switching structure to drive the switching mechanism to rotate the set angle.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, the switching mechanism includes:

[0026] A first switching pipe with the first channel formed inside;

[0027] A second switching pipe with the second channel formed inside;

[0028] A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first switching pipeline and the second switching pipeline respectively, and the rotating shaft is also connected to the driving mechanism.

[0029] In a possible implementation, a first diverter and a first circulation pump are provided on each and / or both of the first circulation pipelines;

[0030] A second diverter and a second circulation pump are provided on each and / or both of the second circulation pipelines;

[0031] An expansion valve is provided on the passage connecting the other sides of the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the underground heat exchange assembly is provided in one or more groups. When the number of the underground heat exchange assemblies is multiple, the multiple groups of underground heat exchange assemblies are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the road, and each group of underground heat exchange assemblies corresponds to a group of road surface heat exchange assemblies, and the position of each group of road surface heat exchange assemblies arranged on the roadbed is adapted to the corresponding underground heat exchange assembly;

[0033] In each group of underground heat exchange assemblies, the pipe piles are provided in one or more. When the number of the pipe piles is multiple, the multiple pipe piles are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the road, and the first heat exchange pipes inside the multiple groups of pipe piles are connected in series to form a passage for the first working medium to flow through.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the road surface heat exchange assembly further includes:

[0035] A first reflection structure, at least part of which is a plate-like structure, and the plate-like structure of the first reflection structure is arranged below the second heat exchange pipe in a direction parallel to the road surface;

[0036] A heat insulation structure, at least part of which is a plate-like structure, and the plate-like structure of the heat insulation structure is arranged in a direction of the road surface and has a preset distance from the top surface of the foundation;

[0037] A second reflection structure, at least part of which is a plate-like structure, and the plate-like structure of the second reflection structure is arranged in a direction parallel to the road surface and is located between the heat insulation structure and the foundation.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the heat exchange system further includes:

[0039] A control device controls the driving mechanism to drive the rotating shaft to rotate by the set angle and controls the working efficiency of the functional components in the ground source heat pump system. The functional components include at least one of the following components: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the compressor, the first diverter, the second diverter, the first circulation pump, the second circulation pump, and the expansion valve.

[0040] A power supply system supplies power to the electrical components in the heat exchange system. The electrical components include at least one of the following components: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the compressor, the first diverter, the second diverter, the first circulation pump, the second circulation pump, the expansion valve, and the driving mechanism.

[0041] The power supply system includes an energy storage system and a power generation system. The power generation system includes at least one of the following power generation methods: a photovoltaic power generation system, a thermal power generation system, and a wind power generation system.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0043] By pre-burying the first heat exchange pipe in the pipe pile (buried in the foundation) and transferring the heat in the foundation to the ground source heat pump system through heat exchange with the ground source heat pump system. The road surface heat exchange component plays a heat preservation role, effectively preventing the heat of the second heat exchange pipe from conducting downward and protecting the stability of the frozen soil layer. The first heat exchange pipe can extract heat from the foundation in the cold season to melt the snow on the road surface and ensure the safe passage of the road. In the warm season, the ground source heat pump system switches the heat exchange method to avoid excessive heat transfer to the frozen soil layer and prevent the frozen soil from melting excessively, thereby extending the service life of the road. Description of the Drawings

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0045] Figure 1 It is an overall system diagram of a heat exchange system in a permafrost area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a pipe pile in a heat exchange system in a permafrost area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger of a heat exchange system in a permafrost area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 Shows the flow direction of the third working fluid during the construction of a heat exchange system in a permafrost area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 Shows the flow direction of the third working fluid during the service or cold season of a heat exchange system in a permafrost area according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is Figure 4 the rotating shaft of [[]] rotates 90° clockwise;

[0050] Figure 6 Shows the flow direction of the third working fluid during the service or cold season of a heat exchange system in a permafrost area according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is Figure 4 the rotating shaft of [[]] rotates 90° counterclockwise.

[0051] Icons: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Solar inverter and controller; 3. Battery pack; 4. Compressor; 5. Converter; 501. Housing; 502. First switching pipeline; 503. Second switching pipeline; 504. Rotating shaft; 6. First heat exchanger; 61. First heat exchange structure; 7. Expansion valve; 8. Control device; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. First circulation pump; 11. First diverter; 12. Second heat exchange tube; 13. Thermal insulation structure; 14. First heat exchange tube; 15. Road surface; 16. First reflection structure; 17. Subgrade; 18. Pipe pile; 1801. Toothed cone head; 1802. Grouting hole; 1803. Inlet of the first heat exchange tube; 1804. Outlet of the first heat exchange tube; 1805. Perforated pile head; 1806. Transmission rod; 1807. Pin; 1808. Grouting port; 19. Foundation; 20. Second heat exchanger; 2101. First port; 2102. Second port; 2103. Third port; 2104. Fourth port; 2105. Filling port; 2106. Second heat exchange structure; 2107. Exhaust port; 22. Second circulation pump; 23. Second diverter. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters indicate like items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging vertically, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0058] Highway subgrades in permafrost regions face serious freeze-thaw disease problems in winter and summer. Frost heaving and thaw settlement are common phenomena. In winter, the freezing of groundwater causes volume expansion, which makes the subgrade bulge. While in summer, when the temperature rises, the melting of ice causes soil settlement. This freeze-thaw cycle continuously damages the road surface and foundation structure, affecting the stability and service life of the road. Especially in the context of global warming, the freeze-thaw phenomenon is becoming more frequent, and the destructive force on the road structure is gradually increasing.

[0059] Regarding the freeze-thaw diseases in permafrost regions, the existing subgrade protection measures mainly focus on reducing heat conduction and controlling the foundation temperature. Common measures include laying insulation layers, reducing the subgrade temperature by setting ventilation ducts, and increasing the height of the subgrade to prevent groundwater infiltration and foundation temperature changes. Although these methods can alleviate the freeze-thaw diseases to a certain extent, the effect is limited, especially in dealing with the problem of permafrost melting caused by long-term high temperatures.

[0060] In addition, in cold areas covered with snow in winter, the problem of snow melting is equally severe. Traditional methods of melting snow on the road, such as spreading snow-melting agents or mechanical snow removal, can temporarily solve the problem of snow accumulation, but snow-melting agents are corrosive to the environment and the road surface, and mechanical snow removal can easily damage the road surface. Although installing an electric heating system under the road surface can melt snow, it consumes huge energy and has high operating costs, which limits the possibility of its large-scale application. In recent years, ground-source heat pump snow melting technology has gradually become a solution to replace traditional snow melting methods. It extracts heat from the ground to melt snow on the road surface, which has a good energy-saving effect, but its continuous operation under extremely cold conditions is still a technical bottleneck.

[0061] In response to the above problems, the present application proposes a permafrost zone heat exchange system, which transfers the heat in the foundation to the ground source heat pump system by pre-burying the first heat exchange tube in the pipe pile (buried in the foundation) and exchanging heat with the ground source heat pump system. The road surface heat exchange component plays a role in heat preservation, effectively preventing the heat of the second heat exchange tube from being transferred downward, and protecting the stability of the frozen soil layer. The first heat exchange tube can extract heat from the foundation in cold seasons, melt the snow on the road, and ensure the safe passage of the road. In the warm season, the ground source heat pump system switches the heat exchange mode to avoid excessive heat transfer to the frozen soil layer, prevent excessive melting of the frozen soil, and thus extend the service life of the road.

[0062] refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present application discloses a permafrost zone heat exchange system, which is installed on a road paved in a permafrost zone. The heat exchange system includes: an underground heat exchange component, a road surface 15 heat exchange component, and a ground source heat pump system. The underground heat exchange component is pre-buried in the foundation 19, and is used to absorb the heat of the frozen soil layer area inside the foundation 19 to prevent the frozen soil layer area from being damaged due to excessive temperature. The ground heat exchange component can achieve the effect of heat preservation, effectively preventing the heat of the second heat exchange pipe 12 from being conducted downward, and protecting the stability of the frozen soil layer. The ground source heat pump system can achieve heat exchange with the underground heat exchange component and the road surface 15 heat exchange component respectively. The ground source heat pump system heats up after heat exchange with the underground heat exchange component, and the heated ground source heat pump system exchanges heat with the road surface 15 heat exchange component, thereby increasing the temperature of the road surface 15 heat exchange system, which is conducive to the accelerated melting of snow and ice on the road surface 15 and ensures the normal passage of the road surface 15.

[0063] Specifically, the underground heat exchange assembly includes a pipe pile 18 and a first heat exchange tube 14. The pipe pile 18 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the road surface 15. The first heat exchange tube 14 is arranged inside the pipe pile 18 and a first working fluid that vaporizes when a first set temperature is reached is arranged inside the pipe pile 18. The pipe pile 18 and the first heat exchange tube 14 are located in the foundation 19 of the road and at least partially extend into the frozen soil layer of the foundation 19.

[0064] The pipe pile 18 is selected as a grouted steel pipe pile 18. The front end of the pipe pile 18 is a toothed cone head 1801, which is driven into the permafrost layer by a mechanical rotary drilling method. The inner wall of the pipe is provided with a vertical first heat exchange pipe 14. The upper part of the pipe pile 18 is reserved with an inlet / outlet and a grouting port for the first heat exchange pipe 14. The outer wall of the pipe pile 18 is reserved with grouting holes 1802 distributed in a staggered manner for injecting a composite cement slurry mixed with a negative temperature phase change material (phase change range -10 to 0 °C) and a fiber material. The phase change material can reduce the amplitude of temperature change of the pipe pile 18 and has a heat storage effect. The fiber material can improve the mechanical strength of the slurry and can play a role in physically and chemically strengthening the foundation 19. The upper end of the pipe pile 18 is a perforated pile head, which is fixed to the transmission rod by a pin to ensure simple installation and stable structure.

[0065] The first heat exchange pipe 14 is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material (such as copper or aluminum), and its outer wall is provided with heat transfer fins to enhance the heat conduction efficiency. The first working medium is filled in the first heat exchange pipe 14. The first working medium has a low boiling point. For example, it can be dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), or it can be propane, a Freon substitute, etc. When the temperature of the frozen soil layer reaches the first set temperature range (such as -5 °C to 0 °C), the first working medium absorbs the temperature of the frozen soil layer area and vaporizes to transform into a gas state. The gaseous first working medium circulates inside the first heat exchange pipe 14 and exchanges heat with the ground source heat pump system, thereby maintaining the temperature of the frozen soil layer area within a lower range and preventing the frozen soil layer from being damaged.

[0066] The road surface 15 heat exchange component includes a second heat exchange pipe 12 arranged in the roadbed 17 of the road. The second heat exchange pipe 12 is arranged parallel to the direction of the road surface 15. The inside of the second heat exchange pipe 12 is filled with a second working medium that vaporizes when reaching the second set temperature. Similar to the first heat exchange pipe 14, the second heat exchange pipe 12 can also be made of a high thermal conductivity metal material (such as copper or aluminum), and its outer wall is provided with heat transfer fins, which can enhance the heat conduction efficiency. The second working medium is filled in the second heat exchange pipe 12. The first working medium is similar to the first working medium and also has a low boiling point. For example, it can be dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), or it can be propane, a Freon substitute, etc. When the temperature of the road surface 15 reaches the second set temperature range (such as -5 °C to 0 °C), the second working medium absorbs the temperature of the frozen road surface 15 and vaporizes to transform into a gas state. The gaseous second working medium circulates inside the second heat exchange pipe 12 and exchanges heat with the ground source heat pump system, which is beneficial to the rapid melting of snow and ice on the road surface 15.

[0067] The ground source heat pump system forms a first passage and a second passage with the first heat exchange pipe 14 and the second heat exchange pipe 12 respectively, so that the ground source heat pump system exchanges heat with the first heat exchange pipe 14 and the second heat exchange pipe 12 respectively, and the ground source heat pump system also switches to a heat exchange method matching the working mode according to different working modes.

[0068] Specifically, the first heat exchange tube 14 is connected to the ground source heat pump system through the first passage, thereby forming a circulation passage for the first working fluid to circulate and exchange heat. The second heat exchange tube 12 is connected to the ground source heat pump system through the second passage, thereby forming a circulation passage for the second working fluid to circulate and exchange heat.

[0069] The working mode is divided into different forms according to different construction conditions or ambient temperatures. For example, according to the construction conditions, it can be during construction and during service, and according to the ambient temperature, it can be divided into warm season and cold season. The ground source heat pump system also switches to a heat exchange method matching the working mode according to different working modes, so as to be able to maintain a relatively low temperature of the frozen soil layer and also achieve rapid melting of the snow and ice on the road surface 15.

[0070] In some embodiments, a third working fluid flows inside the ground source heat pump system, and a third passage or a fourth passage with a circulation direction respectively matching different working modes can be formed inside the ground source heat pump system. The ground source heat pump system switches to the third passage or the fourth passage according to different working modes, so that the third working fluid flows along the circulation direction of the third passage or the fourth passage. The third working fluid circulates in the third passage or the fourth passage in the ground source heat pump system, and can be an ethylene glycol solution or other refrigerants similar to low-temperature cold bath circulating fluids.

[0071] During construction, the third working fluid circulates along the third passage. Since the temperature of the road surface 15 is relatively high, the second working fluid absorbs the temperature of the road surface 15 and vaporizes, then exchanges heat with the third working fluid. After the third working fluid is heated, it exchanges heat with the first working fluid, so that the temperature of the first working fluid rises. The heated first working fluid flows along the first passage and can heat the pipe pile 18, creating suitable curing conditions for the composite grouting material.

[0072] During service or in the cold season, the third working fluid circulates along the fourth passage. The first working fluid absorbs the heat in the frozen soil layer area and vaporizes. The vaporized first working fluid flows along the first passage and can exchange heat with the third working fluid. After the third working fluid is heated, it exchanges heat with the second working fluid, so that the temperature of the second working fluid rises. The heated second working fluid flows along the second passage and can raise the temperature of the road surface 15, thereby accelerating the melting of the snow and ice on the road surface 15.

[0073] In some embodiments, the ground source heat pump system includes: a first heat exchanger 6, a second heat exchanger 20, and a converter 5. The first heat exchanger 6 is respectively connected to the first heat exchange tube 14 through two first circulation pipes, thereby realizing heat exchange between the first working fluid and the third working fluid. The second heat exchanger 20 is respectively connected to the second heat exchange tube 12 through two second circulation pipes, thereby realizing heat exchange between the second working fluid and the third working fluid. The converter 5 is used to realize the switching between the first passage and the second passage in the channels of the ground source heat pump system.

[0074] Specifically, the first heat exchanger 6 includes a first box body and a first heat exchange structure 61, and the first heat exchange structure 61 is arranged in the first chamber of the first box body. Both ends of the first heat exchange tube 14 are respectively connected to both sides of the first box body through two first circulation pipelines and communicate with the first chamber. The first working medium is heated and vaporized, and the vaporized first working medium flows into the first chamber of the first box body through one of the first circulation pipelines and fills the first chamber. The first heat exchange tube 14 is a spiral heat exchange tube, and the third working medium inside it arranged in the first chamber can exchange heat with the gaseous first working medium. After heat exchange, the first working medium flows back into the inside of the first heat exchange tube 14 through the first circulation pipeline (the first path), and the third working medium after heat exchange flows to the second heat exchanger 20 through the third path or the fourth path and then flows back to the first heat exchanger 6.

[0075] The second heat exchanger 20 includes a second box body and a second heat exchange structure 2106, and the second heat exchange structure 2106 is arranged in the second chamber of the second box body; both ends of the second heat exchange tube 12 are respectively connected to both sides of the second box body through two second circulation pipelines and communicate with the second chamber. Similarly to the first heat exchanger 6, the second working medium is heated and vaporized, and the vaporized second working medium flows into the second chamber of the second box body through one of the second circulation pipelines (the second path) and fills the second chamber. The second heat exchange tube 12 is a spiral heat exchange tube, and the third working medium inside it arranged in the second chamber can exchange heat with the gaseous second working medium. After heat exchange, the second working medium flows back into the inside of the second heat exchange tube 12 through the second circulation pipeline, and the third working medium after heat exchange flows to the first heat exchanger 6 through the third path or the fourth path and then flows back to the second heat exchanger 20.

[0076] The converter 5 is respectively connected to one side of the first heat exchange structure 61 and the second heat exchange structure 2106, and the other sides of the first heat exchange structure 61 and the second heat exchange structure 2106 are connected relatively. The first heat exchange structure 61, the second heat exchange structure 2106, and the converter 5 can form a third path or a fourth path. Among them, the converter 5 can switch the installation positions with the first heat exchange structure 61 and the second heat exchange structure 2106 according to different working modes ( Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 in a, b, c, d), thereby forming a third path or a fourth path.

[0077] In some embodiments, the ground source heat pump system further includes: a compressor 4, which is connected to a converter 5 and is used to compress a third working medium. The first heat exchange structure 61, the second heat exchange structure 2106, the converter 5, and the compressor 4 can form a third passage or a fourth passage. After the third working medium is heated and vaporized, it is compressed by the compressor 4 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which can fully exchange heat with the first working medium or the second working medium to realize heating of the pipe pile 18, create suitable curing conditions for the composite grouting material, or can realize the temperature rise of the road surface 15, thereby accelerating the melting of snow and ice on the road surface 15.

[0078] In some embodiments, the converter 5 includes: a housing 501, a switching structure, and a driving mechanism. The housing 501 can be selected in different shapes according to different usage environments, such as a cylindrical shape. The switching structure is installed inside the housing 501, and the driving mechanism can be arranged outside the housing 501 but needs to be connected to the switching structure, so as to drive the switching mechanism to rotate 90° through the driving mechanism. The inside of the housing 501 has a cylindrical installation cavity. The outer side wall of the housing 501 relative to the installation cavity is provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and a fourth through hole at equal angles, that is, the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole are separated by 90°, and the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole respectively correspond to an installation position ( Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 a, b, c, d in). Wherein, one side of the first heat exchange structure 61 ( Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 the right side in, the same below) is connected to the housing 501 through a first connecting pipe. The compressor 4 is respectively connected to the housing 501 through a second connecting pipe and a third connecting pipe. The second heat exchange structure 2106 is connected to the housing 501 through a fourth connecting pipe, and the end portions of the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, and the fourth connecting pipe are respectively located inside the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole. In order to ensure the sealing performance between the first connecting pipe and the first through hole, the second connecting pipe and the second through hole, the third connecting pipe and the third through hole, and the fourth connecting pipe and the fourth through hole, sealing rings can be respectively arranged at the end portions of the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, and the fourth connecting pipe, and the sealing cooperation between the pipe (the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, and the fourth connecting pipe) and the hole wall (the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole) is realized through the sealing rings, effectively avoiding leakage of the third working medium.

[0079] The switching structure is arranged inside the installation cavity and can rotate 90° along the axial direction of the installation cavity. The switching structure has a first channel and a second channel, and the third working fluid can circulate through the first channel and the second channel.

[0080] When the two ends of the first channel are respectively facing the first through hole and the second through hole and are respectively docked with the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel are respectively facing the third through hole and the fourth through hole and are respectively docked with the ends of the third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, a third passage is formed.

[0081] When the two ends of the first channel are respectively facing the first through hole and the third through hole and are respectively docked with the ends of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel are respectively facing the second through hole and the fourth through hole and are respectively docked with the ends of the second connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, a fourth passage is formed.

[0082] Or, when the two ends of the first channel are respectively facing the second through hole and the fourth through hole and are respectively docked with the ends of the second connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel are respectively facing the first through hole and the third through hole and are respectively docked with the ends of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, a fourth passage is formed.

[0083] The driving mechanism is a power device capable of rotating around a fixed axis, such as a motor, a motor, etc., so as to drive the switching structure to rotate 90° through the driving mechanism, realizing the rapid switching between the third channel and the fourth channel.

[0084] In some embodiments, the switching mechanism includes: a first switching pipe 502, a second switching pipe 503 and a rotating shaft 504. A first channel is formed inside the first switching pipe 502, a second channel is formed inside the second switching pipe 503, the rotating shaft 504 is fixedly connected to the first switching pipe 502 and the second switching pipe 503 respectively (such as by welding, bonding, etc.), and the rotating shaft 504 is also connected to the driving mechanism. At the same time, the rotating shaft 504 is coaxially arranged with the installation cavity, and the overall shapes of the first switching pipe 502 and the second switching pipe 503 are tubular structures in the shape of a 1 / 4 arc. The rotating shaft 504 is also located between the first switching pipe 502 and the second switching pipe 503 and is fixedly connected to the two to form an integral body, which can reduce the volume of the housing 501.

[0085] In some embodiments, the number of the first flow divider 11 and the first circulation pump 10 can be adaptively selected according to the length and inner diameter of the first circulation pipeline. Generally speaking, the greater the length and inner diameter of the first circulation pipeline, the more the number of the first flow divider 11 and the first circulation pump 10 required. However, considering cost issues, one first flow divider 11 can be provided on each first circulation pipeline, and one first circulation pump 10 can be provided on one of the first circulation pipelines, which can realize the rapid circulation flow of the first working medium inside the first passage. Similarly, one second flow divider 23 can be provided on each second circulation pipeline, and one second circulation pump 22 can be provided on one of the second circulation pipelines, which can realize the rapid circulation flow of the second working medium inside the second passage.

[0086] Further, on the passage connecting the other side of the first heat exchange structure 61 and the second heat exchange structure 2106 ( Figure 1 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 the left side, the same below), an expansion valve 7 is provided. After the throttling and pressure reduction of the third working medium after heat release through the expansion valve 7, it is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture state and enters the second heat exchanger 20 again, which can realize the quality of the third working medium for recycling.

[0087] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 , the flow directions of the working media (the first working medium, the second working medium, the third working medium) in different working modes in the whole system are as follows: (the first port 2101, the second port 2102, the third port 2103, the fourth port 2104)

[0088] During construction, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 .

[0089] The flow direction of the first working medium is: the first heat exchange tube 14 → the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 14 → the first flow divider 11 → the fourth port 2104 of the first box body → the inside of the first box body for heat exchange with the first heat exchange structure 61 → the third port 2103 of the first box body → the first circulation pump 10 → the first flow divider 11 → the inlet of the first heat exchange tube 14.

[0090] The flow direction of the second working medium is: the second heat exchange tube 12 → the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 12 → the second flow divider 23 → the fourth port 2104 of the second box body → the inside of the second box body for heat exchange with the second heat exchange structure 2106 → the third port 2103 of the second box body → the second circulation pump 22 → the second flow divider 23 → the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 12.

[0091] The flow direction of the third working fluid is: the second heat exchange structure 2106 → the first port 2101 of the second box body → the installation position a → the first switching pipeline 502 → the installation position d → the compressor 4 → the installation position b → the second switching pipeline 503 → the installation position c → the first port 2101 of the first box body → the second heat exchange structure 2106 → the second port 2102 of the first box body → the expansion valve 7 → the second port 2102 of the second box body.

[0092] During service or in the cold season, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 ( Figure 4 the rotating shaft 504 of rotates clockwise by 90°).

[0093] The flow direction of the first working fluid is: the first heat exchange tube 14 → the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 14 → the first diverter 11 → the fourth port 2104 of the first box body → the interior of the first box body exchanges heat with the first heat exchange structure 61 → the third port 2103 of the first box body → the first circulation pump 10 → the first diverter 11 → the inlet of the first heat exchange tube 14.

[0094] The flow direction of the second working fluid is: the second heat exchange tube 12 → the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 12 → the second diverter 23 → the fourth port 2104 of the second box body → the interior of the second box body exchanges heat with the second heat exchange structure 2106 → the third port 2103 of the second box body → the second circulation pump 22 → the second diverter 23 → the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 12.

[0095] The flow direction of the third working fluid is: the second heat exchange structure 2106 → the second port 2102 of the second box body → the expansion valve 7 → the second port 2102 of the first box body → the first heat exchange structure 61 → the first port 2101 of the first heat exchange structure 61 → the installation position c → the first switching pipeline 502 → the installation position d → the compressor 4 → the installation position b → the second switching pipeline 503 → the installation position a → the first port 2101 of the second box body.

[0096] Or, during service or in the cold season, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 ( Figure 4 the rotating shaft 504 of rotates counterclockwise by 90°).

[0097] The flow direction of the first working fluid is: the first heat exchange tube 14 → the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 14 → the first diverter 11 → the fourth port 2104 of the first box body → the interior of the first box body exchanges heat with the first heat exchange structure 61 → the third port 2103 of the first box body → the first circulation pump 10 → the first diverter 11 → the inlet of the first heat exchange tube 14.

[0098] The flow direction of the second working fluid is as follows: the second heat exchange tube 12 → the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 12 → the second diverter 23 → the fourth port 2104 of the second box body → heat exchange with the second heat exchange structure 2106 inside the second box body → the third port 2103 of the second box body → the second circulation pump 22 → the second diverter 23 → the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 12.

[0099] The flow direction of the third working fluid is as follows: the second heat exchange structure 2106 → the second port 2102 of the second box body → the expansion valve 7 → the second port 2102 of the first box body → the first heat exchange structure 61 → the first port 2101 of the first heat exchange structure 61 → installation position c → the second switching pipeline 503 → installation position d → the compressor 4 → installation position b → the first switching pipeline 502 → installation position a → the first port 2101 of the second box body.

[0100] In some embodiments, the underground heat exchange assemblies are arranged in one or more groups. When the number of underground heat exchange assemblies is multiple, the multiple groups of underground heat exchange assemblies are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the road, and each group of underground heat exchange assemblies corresponds to a group of road surface 15 heat exchange assemblies. Moreover, the installation position of each group of road surface 15 heat exchange assemblies on the roadbed 17 is adapted to the corresponding underground heat exchange assembly, that is, each group of road surface 15 heat exchange assemblies is installed directly below the corresponding underground heat exchange assembly.

[0101] In each group of underground heat exchange assemblies, the pipe piles 18 are arranged as one or more. When the number of pipe piles 18 is multiple, the multiple pipe piles 18 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the road, and the first heat exchange tubes 14 inside the multiple groups of pipe piles 18 are connected in series to form a passage for the first working fluid to flow through.

[0102] Each heat exchange tube (the first heat exchange tube 14 and the second heat exchange tube 12) is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material (such as copper or aluminum). The length of the second heat exchange tube 12 is controlled within 50m to 80m, and its outer wall is provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area. Heat exchange tube inlets and outlets are reserved around the tube circumference to achieve connection between pipelines. The first heat exchange tubes 14 in the same group are connected in series, and the first heat exchange tubes 14 between different groups are connected in parallel to form a complete heat exchange network for transferring the heat in the frozen soil layer to the ground source heat pump system, playing a role in thermally strengthening the foundation 19. Similarly, the second heat exchange tubes 12 in the same group are connected in series, and the second heat exchange tubes 12 between different groups are connected in parallel to form a complete heat exchange network for transferring the heat of the road surface 15 to the ground source heat pump system.

[0103] In some embodiments, the road surface heat exchange assembly further includes: a first reflection structure 16, a heat insulation structure 13, and a second reflection structure. The first reflection structure 16 is at least partially a plate-like structure, and the plate-like structure of the first reflection structure 16 is arranged below the second heat exchange tube 12 in a direction parallel to the road surface 15. The whole or the plate-like structure of the first reflection structure 16 is a galvanized reflection layer, which is arranged closely below the second heat exchange tube 12 and can reflect the heat of the road surface 15 and transfer it downward. At least part of the heat insulation structure 13 is a plate-like structure, and the plate-like structure of the heat insulation structure 13 is arranged in the direction of the road surface 15 and is set at a position 0.8 m - 1.5 m from the top surface of the foundation 19. The heat insulation structure 13 is made of polystyrene foam board, polyurethane board or other high-efficiency heat insulation materials, and has low thermal conductivity and high compressive strength. The second reflection structure is similar to the first reflection structure 16, and at least part of it is a plate-like structure. The plate-like structure of the second reflection structure is arranged in a direction parallel to the road surface 15 and is located between the heat insulation structure 13 and the foundation 19, which can prevent the heat of the road surface 15 or the roadbed 17 from being transferred to the roadbed 17 and the frozen soil layer.

[0104] In some embodiments, the heat exchange system further includes: a control device 8 and a power supply system. The control device 8 controls the driving mechanism to drive the rotating shaft 504 to rotate by a set angle, and controls the working efficiency of the functional components in the ground source heat pump system. The functional components include at least one of the following components: the first heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 20, the compressor 4, the first diverter 11, the second diverter 23, the first circulation pump 10, the second circulation pump 22, and the expansion valve 7. By the control device 8, the working efficiency of the first heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 20, and the compressor 4 can be adjusted, or the opening degrees of the first diverter 11, the second diverter 23, the first circulation pump 10, the second circulation pump 22, and the expansion valve 7 can be adjusted, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the third working medium and the first and second working media. The control device 8 is also connected to the temperature sensors 9. The number of the temperature sensors 9 is two and they are respectively arranged inside the first box body and the second box body. The first box body and the second box body are also respectively provided with a filling port 2105 and an exhaust port 2107. The third working medium is added into the first box body or the second box body through the filling port 2105, and the air inside the third box body or the fourth box body is discharged through the exhaust port 2107. The control device 8 can dynamically adjust the operating state of the ground source heat pump system according to the real-time environmental conditions and temperature responses, so as to achieve precise control of the whole system.

[0105] The power supply system is used to supply power to the electrical components in the heat exchange system. The electrical components include at least one of the following components: the first heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 20, the compressor 4, the first diverter 11, the second diverter 23, the first circulation pump 10, the second circulation pump 22, the expansion valve 7, the driving mechanism, and the control device 8.

[0106] The power supply system includes an energy storage system and a power generation system. The power generation system is electrically connected to the control device 8 unidirectionally. The control device 8 is electrically connected to the energy storage system bidirectionally. The control device 8 is electrically connected to the ground source heat pump system unidirectionally to ensure the self-sufficiency of the system. The power generation system includes at least one of the following power generation methods: a photovoltaic power generation system, a thermal power generation system, and a wind power generation system. The energy storage system can select a battery pack 3 as a backup power supply. Generally, the energy storage system can store electricity through the power generation system. In the case where the power generation system cannot generate electricity, the entire power consumption system can be powered by the energy storage system. When the power generation system is a photovoltaic power generation system, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 is regulated by the solar inverter controller 2, so as to realize the power supply to the power consumption system and the charging of the energy storage system.

[0107] The construction process of the entire heat exchange system is as follows:

[0108] First, level and clean the construction site to determine the layout position and quantity of the pipe piles 18. Use a drilling rig to drive the pipe piles 18 into the ground to ensure that the verticality and depth of the pipe piles 18 meet the design requirements.

[0109] After the pile body is installed, inject composite grouting material into the pipe pile 18 through the grouting hole 1802 to fill the gap between the pipe pile 18 and the surrounding of the foundation 19 and improve its stability.

[0110] Subsequently, fill the roadbed 17 in layers, and lay the first reflection structure 16, the second reflection structure and the heat preservation structure 13 at appropriate positions to ensure that each layer of structure fits tightly. Arrange the second heat exchange pipe 12 to ensure its firm connection and good sealing. Then, lay the asphalt / concrete road surface 15. Finally, install the ground source heat pump system and the power supply system, conduct preliminary debugging to ensure that each component works normally, and adjust the parameters according to the actual operation conditions to optimize the system performance.

[0111] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permafrost region heat exchange system, characterized in that: Installed on a road paved in a frozen soil area, the heat exchange system comprises: An underground heat exchange assembly, comprising a pipe pile and a first heat exchange pipe arranged in a direction perpendicular to the road surface, wherein the first heat exchange pipe is arranged inside the pipe pile and contains a first working medium that vaporizes when a first set temperature is reached, and the pipe pile and the first heat exchange pipe are located in the foundation of the road and at least partially extend into the frozen soil layer of the foundation; A road surface heat exchange assembly, comprising a second heat exchange tube arranged in the roadbed of the road, the second heat exchange tube being arranged parallel to the direction of the road surface, and a second working medium which vaporizes when reaching a second set temperature is arranged inside the second heat exchange tube; The ground source heat pump system forms a first passage and a second passage with the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube respectively, so that the ground source heat pump system exchanges heat with the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube respectively, and the ground source heat pump system can also switch to a heat exchange mode matching the working mode according to different working modes.

2. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third working medium flows inside the geothermal heat pump system. A third passage or a fourth passage may be formed inside the geothermal heat pump system, and the circulation directions thereof respectively match the different working modes. The geothermal heat pump system switches to the third passage or the fourth passage according to different working modes so that the third working medium flows along the circulation direction of the third passage or the fourth passage.

3. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground source heat pump system comprises: A first heat exchanger comprises a first box and a first heat exchange structure, wherein the first heat exchange structure is arranged in a first chamber of the first box; two ends of the first heat exchange tube are respectively connected to two sides of the first box through two first circulation pipes and communicated with the first chamber; The second heat exchanger comprises a second box and a second heat exchange structure, wherein the second heat exchange structure is arranged in a second chamber of the second box; two ends of the second heat exchange tube are respectively connected to two sides of the second box through two second circulation pipes and communicated with the second chamber; The converter is respectively connected to one side of the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure, and the other sides of the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure are relatively connected; the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure, and the converter can form the third passage or the fourth passage; wherein the converter can switch the installation position with the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure according to different working modes to form the third passage or the fourth passage.

4. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground source heat pump system further includes: a compressor connected to the converter; The first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure, the converter, and the compressor may be formed with the third passage or the fourth passage.

5. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The converter comprises: A shell having a cylindrical installation cavity inside, wherein the shell is provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and a fourth through hole at equal angles relative to the outer wall of the installation cavity, and the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole respectively correspond to one of the installation positions; wherein one side of the first heat exchange structure is connected to the shell through a first connecting pipe, the compressor is connected to the shell through a second connecting pipe and a third connecting pipe respectively, the second heat exchange structure is connected to the shell through a fourth connecting pipe, and the ends of the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe are respectively located inside the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole; A switching structure, which is arranged inside the mounting cavity and can rotate along the axial direction of the mounting cavity to a set angle, and the switching structure has a first channel and a second channel; Wherein, when the two ends of the first channel are respectively facing the first through hole and the second through hole, and are respectively butted against the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel are respectively facing the third through hole and the fourth through hole, and are respectively butted against the ends of the third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, the third passage is formed; When the two ends of the first channel are respectively facing the first through hole and the third through hole, and are respectively butted against the ends of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel are respectively facing the second through hole and the fourth through hole, and are respectively butted against the ends of the second connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, the fourth passage is formed; Or, when the two ends of the first channel are respectively facing the second through hole and the fourth through hole, and are respectively butted against the ends of the second connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe, and when the two ends of the second channel are respectively facing the first through hole and the third through hole, and are respectively butted against the ends of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, the fourth passage is formed; A driving mechanism is connected to the switching structure to drive the switching mechanism to rotate the set angle.

6. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switching mechanism comprises: a first switching pipe, in which the first channel is formed; a second switching pipe, in which the second channel is formed; The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first switching pipe and the second switching pipe respectively, and the rotating shaft is also connected to the driving mechanism.

7. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each and / or two of the first circulation pipelines are provided with a first flow splitter and a first circulation pump; Each and / or two of the second circulation pipelines are provided with a second flow splitter and a second circulation pump; An expansion valve is provided on the passage connecting the first heat exchange structure and the other side of the second heat exchange structure.

8. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground heat exchange components are arranged in one or more groups. When there are multiple groups of underground heat exchange components, the multiple groups of underground heat exchange components are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the road, and each group of underground heat exchange components corresponds to one group of road surface heat exchange components, and each group of road surface heat exchange components is arranged at a position on the roadbed that is adapted to the corresponding underground heat exchange components; In each group of the underground heat exchange components, the pipe piles are provided as one or more. When the number of the pipe piles is multiple, the multiple pipe piles are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the road, and the first heat exchange tubes inside the multiple groups of the pipe piles are connected in series to form a passage for the first working fluid to flow.

9. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The road surface heat exchange assembly also includes: A first reflective structure, at least part of which is a plate-shaped structure, wherein the plate-shaped structure of the first reflective structure is arranged below the second heat exchange tube in parallel with the direction of the road surface; The heat preservation structure is at least partially a plate-like structure, wherein the plate-like structure of the heat preservation structure is arranged in the direction of the road surface and has a preset distance from the top surface of the foundation; The second reflective structure is at least partially a plate-shaped structure. The plate-shaped structure of the second reflective structure is arranged parallel to the direction of the road surface and is located between the thermal insulation structure and the foundation.

10. The permafrost region heat exchange system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange system further comprises: A control device controls the driving mechanism to drive the rotating shaft to rotate the set angle, and controls the working efficiency of the functional components in the ground source heat pump system; wherein the functional components include at least one of the following components: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the compressor, the first flow splitter, the second flow splitter, the first circulation pump, the second circulation pump, and the expansion valve; A power supply system, used to supply power to power-consuming components in the heat exchange system; wherein the power-consuming components include at least one of the following components: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the compressor, the first flow divider, the second flow divider, the first circulation pump, the second circulation pump, the expansion valve, the drive mechanism, and the control device; The power supply system includes an energy storage system and a power generation system; wherein the power generation system includes at least one of the following power generation modes: a photovoltaic power generation system, a thermal power generation system, and a wind power generation system.

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