Intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses equipment and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses intravenous infusion puncture angiography glasses equipment and an application method thereof. The equipment comprises an infrared imaging module, an image processing module, a data communication module, a correction early warning module and a display module. The infrared imaging module collects original blood vessel image data, the image processing module generates blood vessel positioning information, the data communication module interacts with a background server, the correction early warning module generates an early warning prompt according to a server instruction, and the display module displays related information in an overlapping mode. By accurately positioning the blood vessel and providing puncture guidance, the equipment improves the success rate of venous transfusion puncture, reduces the pain of a patient, improves the medical working efficiency, reduces the medical cost, guarantees the medical safety, and is suitable for various venous transfusion puncture scenes, especially patients with poor blood vessel conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a venous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device and its application method. Background Art

[0002] In the modern medical system, intravenous infusion is a very common and important treatment method. Whether in the daily diagnosis and treatment in hospitals or in emergency treatment scenarios, intravenous infusion plays an indispensable role. It can quickly deliver drugs and nutrients to the patient's body, thereby achieving the purpose of treating diseases and maintaining the balance of body functions. However, the intravenous infusion puncture operation seems simple, but in fact, it faces many challenges. Among them, accurately finding a suitable blood vessel and performing puncture is the key link.

[0003] Traditional intravenous infusion puncture mainly relies on the experience and naked-eye observation of medical staff. For patients with relatively obvious blood vessels, thin skin and less fat, experienced medical staff may relatively easily complete the puncture operation. However, in actual clinical practice, there are a large number of patients with unsatisfactory blood vessel conditions. For example, in infants and young children, their blood vessels are thin and fragile, with relatively more subcutaneous fat, and the blood vessel positions are deeper, making it difficult to directly observe; in the elderly, due to skin relaxation and decreased blood vessel elasticity, the blood vessels are prone to sliding, increasing the puncture difficulty; in obese patients, the fat layer is thicker, and the blood vessels are deeply buried, making it difficult for the naked eye to judge the position and direction of the blood vessels; there are also patients with long-term illnesses, physical weakness or those who have undergone multiple chemotherapy treatments, whose blood vessels may become hardened, atrophied or have other lesions, all of which bring great difficulties to intravenous infusion puncture.

[0004] Puncturing relying on experience and naked-eye observation not only makes it difficult to guarantee the puncture success rate but also easily leads to puncture failure. Puncture failure will not only bring additional pain to the patient, increase the patient's fear of the puncture operation, affect the treatment compliance, but also may delay the treatment time. Especially in the case of emergency treatment, every second counts, and puncture failure may lead to serious consequences. Multiple punctures may also cause a series of complications, such as local tissue damage, infection, thrombosis, etc., further increasing the patient's physical burden and medical costs.

[0005] Although there have already been some devices and technologies for assisting venous puncture on the market, they all have certain limitations. For example, some ultrasonic devices can help observe blood vessels, but these devices are large in size, complex in operation, require professional technical personnel to operate, and are expensive, making it difficult to be widely popularized in primary medical institutions. Some simple blood vessel imaging devices have poor imaging quality, can only provide general blood vessel position information, cannot accurately distinguish arteries and veins, and cannot provide effective guidance for the puncture angle, direction and depth.

[0006] Today, with the rapid development of informatization and intelligence, the medical field has an urgent need for more precise, convenient, and efficient intravenous infusion puncture techniques. Existing technical means cannot meet the actual clinical needs, and there is an urgent need for an innovative technology to break through these bottlenecks, improve the success rate and safety of intravenous infusion punctures, reduce patient pain, and reduce the occurrence of complications. This also provides broad space and opportunities for the research and development of new intravenous infusion puncture vascular imaging technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intravenous infusion puncture vascular imaging glasses device and its application method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An intravenous infusion puncture vascular imaging glasses device, the device includes: an infrared imaging module, an image processing module, a data communication module, a correction warning module, and a display module;

[0009] The infrared imaging module is used to irradiate the target area with an infrared light source and collect vascular reflection signals to generate original vascular image data;

[0010] The image processing module performs dynamic enhancement, arteriovenous differentiation, and blood vessel diameter calculation on the original vascular image data to generate vascular positioning information;

[0011] The data communication module transmits the vascular positioning information to the background server in real time and receives the correction instructions returned by the background server;

[0012] The correction warning module generates puncture angle deviation warnings, direction offset signals, or puncture depth abnormality prompts according to the correction instructions;

[0013] The display module projects the vascular positioning information, puncture angle, direction, and depth estimation results onto the glasses lens in the form of an overlay image and synchronously displays the correction indication image.

[0014] Preferably, the infrared imaging module includes an infrared emission unit, a multispectral sensor array, and a signal preprocessing unit; the infrared emission unit irradiates the target blood vessel area with infrared light within a preset wavelength range, the multispectral sensor array collects the reflected light signals and converts them into electrical signals, and the signal preprocessing unit performs noise filtering and dynamic gain adjustment on the electrical signals to generate standardized vascular reflection data.

[0015] Preferably, the specific processing process of the image processing module is as follows:

[0016] Extract the blood vessel contour through grayscale difference analysis, distinguish arteries from veins based on reflection spectral characteristics, and calculate the blood vessel diameter using an edge detection algorithm; dynamically adjust the image contrast threshold to optimize blood vessel visibility and generate positioning information including the location, type, and size of the blood vessels.

[0017] Among them, the blood vessel diameter is calculated using the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, D is the estimated value of the blood vessel diameter, (x i , y i ) are the pixel coordinates of the blood vessel edge, is the coordinate of the blood vessel center, n is the number of edge detection points, and k is the optical magnification factor.

[0020] Preferably, the data communication module is communicatively connected to the puncture parameter analysis sub-module. The puncture parameter analysis sub-module collects the real-time spatial coordinates and attitude data of the indwelling needle, combines the blood vessel positioning information, estimates the puncture angle, direction, and depth through a geometric projection algorithm, and transmits the estimation results to the correction and warning module.

[0021] Preferably, the specific operation process of the correction and warning module is as follows:

[0022] Compare the estimated puncture angle, direction, and depth with the preset safety ranges respectively. If the puncture angle exceeds the angle threshold, the direction deviates from the blood vessel axis, or the depth exceeds the set ratio of the blood vessel diameter, generate corresponding deviation signals, and trigger visual or vibration warnings according to the deviation types;

[0023] Among them, the puncture angle deviation is calculated using the formula:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, Δθ is the deviation value between the actual puncture angle and the standard angle, is the actual puncture direction vector, is the blood vessel axis direction vector.

[0026] Preferably, the display module includes an image fusion unit and a dynamic projection unit; the image fusion unit spatially aligns the blood vessel positioning information with the real-time puncture path, and the dynamic projection unit adjusts the projection viewing angle according to the glasses attitude to ensure the stable display of the superimposed image.

[0027] Preferably, it further includes a pressure sensing module. The pressure sensing module is integrated at the nose pad of the glasses, collects the data of the pressure change on the wearer's nose, and corrects the display position of the blood vessel image through an attitude compensation algorithm to eliminate the image offset caused by head movement.

[0028] Preferably, a puncture path prediction model is deployed on the background server. Based on historical puncture data and current blood vessel positioning information, the model generates an optimal puncture path suggestion through a machine learning algorithm, and matches and analyzes the suggested path with real-time puncture data to generate a correction instruction.

[0029] The prediction model uses the following evaluation function:

[0030]

[0031] where F is the comprehensive path score, A score is the angle safety factor, D error is the average historical depth error, S smooth is the path curvature smoothness, and α, β, γ are weight coefficients, and α + β + γ = 1.

[0032] Preferably, the background server is communicatively connected to a multi-device cooperation module. The multi-device cooperation module aggregates the puncture data of multiple glasses devices, identifies abnormal operation modes through cluster analysis, and sends a global correction strategy to all connected devices.

[0033] Preferably, the present invention further includes a method for applying a venous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device, and the method includes the following steps:

[0034] Start the infrared imaging module to scan the target area and generate original blood vessel image data;

[0035] Distinguish arteries and veins through the image processing module and calculate the blood vessel diameter to generate blood vessel positioning information;

[0036] Real-time collect the spatial coordinates and attitude data of the indwelling needle, and estimate the puncture angle, direction and depth;

[0037] Compare the estimation result with the preset safety range, trigger an alarm and generate a correction indication image;

[0038] Overlay and display the blood vessel image, puncture path and correction indication through the display module to complete the puncture operation.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0040] The venous infusion puncture vascular imaging glasses device and its application method of the present invention have significant beneficial effects in many aspects. In terms of improving puncture accuracy, the infrared imaging module irradiates the target area with infrared light of a specific wavelength, which can effectively penetrate the skin surface, collect clear blood vessel reflection signals, and generate original blood vessel image data. The image processing module performs dynamic enhancement, arteriovenous differentiation, and blood vessel diameter calculation on this data to generate accurate blood vessel positioning information, enabling medical staff to accurately know the position, type, and size of the blood vessels. For example, when performing a puncture on an obese patient, it was previously difficult to find the deeply buried blood vessels, but with the help of this device, the position of the blood vessels is clear at a glance. The data communication module interacts with the background server in real time. Based on historical data and current blood vessel positioning information, the server gives the optimal puncture path suggestion through the puncture path prediction model, and can also generate correction instructions according to real-time puncture data. The correction warning module timely reminds medical staff to adjust the puncture angle, direction, and depth according to the instructions, greatly improving the puncture accuracy.

[0041] From the perspective of the patient experience, this invention greatly reduces the pain of patients. Under the traditional puncture method, multiple needle insertions due to puncture failure cause great suffering to patients, especially children and the elderly, who are more sensitive to pain. This device improves the puncture success rate significantly through accurate blood vessel positioning and providing puncture guidance, reduces the number of punctures, effectively reduces the patient's pain during the puncture process, alleviates the patient's fear of puncture, enables the patient to cooperate more with the treatment, and improves the compliance of the treatment.

[0042] This device also plays an important role in the efficiency of medical work. Medical staff do not need to spend a lot of time looking for blood vessels. With the help of the clear blood vessel images and puncture guidance provided by the device, they can quickly complete the puncture preparation work. The multi-device collaboration module aggregates and analyzes the puncture data of multiple glasses devices, identifies abnormal operation patterns, and sends global correction strategies, which helps medical staff correct wrong operation habits in a timely manner, improves the overall operation level, makes the puncture operation more standardized and standardized, thus shortening the time required for each puncture, improving the work efficiency of medical staff, and enabling them to devote more time and energy to other medical work.

[0043] In terms of the utilization of medical resources, this invention has a positive significance. Reducing the number of puncture failures means reducing the waste of medical consumables due to puncture failure, such as puncture needles, infusion tubes, etc., and reducing the medical cost. At the same time, it avoids the complications caused by puncture failure and reduces the medical resources required for subsequent treatment of complications, including drugs, nursing resources, etc., improving the utilization efficiency of medical resources and alleviating the problem of tight medical resources to a certain extent. Moreover, this device is relatively simple to operate and does not require complex operations by professional technical personnel. Medical staff with simple training can use it, which is conducive to promoting its application in primary medical institutions and promoting the equalization of medical services.

[0044] In terms of medical safety assurance, its advantages are also very prominent. Accurately distinguishing between arteries and veins avoids the risk of accidental artery puncture and reduces the probability of medical accidents. Real-time monitoring of the puncture process and timely warning of abnormal situations enable medical staff to take timely measures, ensuring the medical safety of patients and improving the overall medical quality. In emergency treatment scenarios, the device can help medical staff quickly find blood vessels and perform punctures, winning precious treatment time for patients and increasing the success rate of treatment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0045] Figure 1 It is the working principle diagram of the venous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device described in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is the process diagram of the detailed processing of the image processing module;

[0047] Figure 3 It is the flow chart of the cooperation between the puncture parameter analysis sub-module and related modules;

[0048] Figure 4 It is the working principle diagram of the display module. Detailed Embodiment

[0049] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a venous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device and its application method, aiming to improve the accuracy and success rate of venous infusion puncture and reduce the pain of patients. The venous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device mainly consists of an infrared imaging module, an image processing module, a data communication module, a correction and warning module, and a display module. The carrier of the glasses device for these modules can be realized according to existing medical glasses or other wearable glasses, and the carrier form of the glasses device is not limited in this embodiment. For the power supply of the device, etc., it can be in the form of a battery or charging, etc., which can be understood in combination with existing smart glasses or medical glasses.

[0051] The infrared imaging module plays a fundamental and crucial role in the entire device. It irradiates the target area with an infrared light source. The target area is usually the site where the patient needs intravenous infusion puncture, such as the arm, the back of the hand, etc. The infrared light emitted by the infrared light source irradiates the blood vessels in the target area, and the blood vessels will reflect the infrared light signal. The infrared imaging module uses its own device to collect these reflected signals and converts them into raw blood vessel image data. These raw data are the basis for subsequent processing and analysis, and their quality and accuracy directly affect the final puncture effect.

[0052] After receiving the raw blood vessel image data from the infrared imaging module, the image processing module will perform a series of complex and crucial processing operations. It will perform dynamic enhancement on the raw blood vessel image data. By adjusting parameters such as the contrast and brightness of the image, the blood vessels become more clearly visible in the image, highlighting the contours and features of the blood vessels. At the same time, the image processing module also has the function of differentiating arteries and veins. It can accurately distinguish arteries and veins according to different characteristics of the blood vessels, such as reflection spectral characteristics, etc. This is crucial for ensuring the safety of the puncture operation because accidentally puncturing an artery may lead to serious consequences. In addition, the image processing module will calculate the blood vessel diameter, determine the thickness of the blood vessel through precise algorithms, and provide important basis for subsequent estimation of parameters such as puncture depth. After these processes, the image processing module generates blood vessel positioning information containing information such as the position, type, and size of the blood vessels.

[0053] The data communication module is responsible for establishing a data transmission bridge between the glasses device and the background server. It transmits the blood vessel positioning information generated by the image processing module to the background server in real time, enabling the background server to obtain the current blood vessel condition information of the patient. At the same time, the data communication module will also receive the correction instructions returned by the background server. These correction instructions are obtained by the background server through various data and algorithm analyses and are used to guide the adjustment of the puncture operation.

[0054] The correction and warning module functions according to the correction instructions received by the data communication module. It generates puncture angle deviation warnings, direction offset signals, or puncture depth abnormality prompts. When there are angle deviations, direction offsets, or depth abnormalities during the puncture process, the correction and warning module can promptly send out corresponding signals to remind the operator to make adjustments and avoid puncture mistakes.

[0055] The display module is an important interface for operators to interact with the device. It projects vascular localization information, puncture angle, direction, and depth estimation results onto the glasses lens in the form of an overlay image. After the operator wears the glasses, they can intuitively see information such as the position of the blood vessel, the recommended puncture angle, direction, and depth. At the same time, the display module also synchronously displays a correction indication image. When the correction warning module issues a warning, the display module provides specific correction guidance to the operator in the form of an image to help the operator perform the puncture operation accurately.

[0056] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with Embodiments 1 to 6:

[0057] Embodiment 1:

[0058] In this embodiment, the infrared imaging module and the image processing module in the intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device are described in detail.

[0059] The infrared imaging module is a key component for obtaining original blood vessel image data. It consists of an infrared emission unit, a multispectral sensor array, and a signal preprocessing unit. The design of the infrared emission unit is crucial. It irradiates the target blood vessel area with infrared light in a preset wavelength range. This preset wavelength range is determined through a large number of experiments and studies, which can make the blood vessel produce an obvious reflection signal under infrared light irradiation while reducing the interference of surrounding tissues. For example, this preset wavelength range may be between 800 - 1000 nanometers. Infrared light in this band can better penetrate the skin surface, be absorbed and reflected by hemoglobin in the blood vessel, thus forming a clear blood vessel reflection signal.

[0060] The multispectral sensor array is responsible for collecting the reflected light signal. It is like a sensitive "eye" that can capture weak reflected light and convert it into an electrical signal. The multispectral sensor array has the characteristics of high sensitivity and a wide spectral response range, and can accurately collect reflected light signals of different wavelengths, providing rich data for subsequent differentiation between arteries and veins.

[0061] The signal preprocessing unit then processes the electrical signal converted by the multispectral sensor array. It first performs noise filtering to remove various noises mixed in during the signal acquisition process. These noises may come from environmental interference, thermal noise of electronic components, etc. Through advanced filtering algorithms, the signal preprocessing unit can effectively improve the signal quality, making subsequent processing more accurate. At the same time, the signal preprocessing unit also performs dynamic gain adjustment, automatically adjusting the gain according to the strength of the signal to ensure that the generated standardized blood vessel reflection data has a stable amplitude and a good signal-to-noise ratio.

[0062] After receiving the standardized vascular reflection data, the image processing module begins complex image processing work. It first extracts the blood vessel contour through grayscale difference analysis. Since there are differences in grayscale between blood vessels and surrounding tissues, the image processing module utilizes this feature and analyzes the grayscale values of different regions in the image through a specific algorithm to outline the blood vessel contour.

[0063] Distinguishing arteries and veins based on the characteristics of the reflection spectrum is also an important function of the image processing module. The hemoglobin content and blood flow state in arteries and veins are different, resulting in differences in their reflection spectra. The image processing module can accurately identify arteries and veins by analyzing the characteristics of the reflection spectrum.

[0064] When calculating the blood vessel diameter, the image processing module uses a specific formula:

[0065]

[0066] where D is the estimated value of the blood vessel diameter, which represents the thickness of the blood vessel obtained through calculation and is a very important parameter. It is of great significance for determining the puncture depth and selecting the appropriate puncture needle. (x i , y i ) are the pixel coordinates of the blood vessel edge, which are determined through the edge detection algorithm and represent the positions of each point on the blood vessel edge in the image. is the blood vessel center coordinate, which is obtained through analysis and calculation of the blood vessel contour and is the central position of the blood vessel. n is the number of edge detection points, and the number of this quantity will affect the accuracy of the calculation result. Generally speaking, the more detection points, the more accurate the calculation result. k is the optical magnification coefficient, which takes into account the magnification effect of the optical system on the image during the imaging process. Because in actual imaging, the image may be optically magnified, this coefficient is required to accurately calculate the actual diameter of the blood vessel.

[0067] The image processing module also dynamically adjusts the image contrast threshold to optimize blood vessel visibility. By continuously trying different contrast thresholds, the most suitable parameters are found to make the blood vessels more clearly displayed in the image. Finally, the image processing module generates positioning information including the position, type, and size of the blood vessels, providing accurate data support for subsequent puncture operations.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] In this embodiment, the cooperation relationship between the data communication module and the puncture parameter analysis sub-module and its role in the entire device are emphasized.

[0070] The data communication module plays an important role in data transmission in the intravenous infusion puncture vascular imaging glasses device. It is not only responsible for transmitting the vascular positioning information generated by the image processing module to the background server in real time, but also undertakes the task of communicating with the puncture parameter analysis sub-module.

[0071] The puncture parameter analysis sub-module is a key functional module, and its main responsibility is to collect the real-time spatial coordinates and attitude data of the indwelling needle. This process is achieved through sensors or other positioning devices integrated on the indwelling needle. These sensors can obtain the position information of the indwelling needle in space in real time, including three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) and attitude information such as angles and directions.

[0072] The puncture parameter analysis sub-module combines the real-time spatial coordinates and attitude data of the indwelling needle collected with the vascular positioning information generated by the image processing module. Through complex calculations using the geometric projection algorithm, the puncture angle, direction, and depth are estimated. The geometric projection algorithm is designed based on the principles of spatial geometry, and it can accurately calculate the required angle, direction, and depth of puncture according to the positional relationship between the indwelling needle and the blood vessel.

[0073] For example, in actual operation, when the operator is preparing to perform a puncture, the puncture parameter analysis sub-module continuously collects the real-time data of the indwelling needle. Suppose the current position coordinates of the indwelling needle are (x1, y1, z1), the attitude angle is θ1, and the vascular positioning information shows that the position coordinates of the blood vessel are (x2, y2, z2). The puncture parameter analysis sub-module uses the geometric projection algorithm to calculate the puncture angle based on these data. The calculation of the puncture angle takes into account the direction of the indwelling needle and the trend of the blood vessel to ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the blood vessel. Similarly, the determination of the puncture direction is also based on the relative positional relationship between the indwelling needle and the blood vessel to ensure that the puncture needle punctures along the correct direction and avoids deviating from the blood vessel. The estimation of the puncture depth combines information such as the blood vessel diameter. According to the blood vessel diameter D provided in the vascular positioning information, as well as the length of the puncture needle and the safe puncture depth range, the appropriate puncture depth is calculated to ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the blood vessel without penetrating the blood vessel and causing damage.

[0074] The puncture parameter analysis sub-module transmits the estimation results to the correction and warning module. The correction and warning module compares these estimation results with the preset safety range to determine whether the puncture operation is safe. If the estimation results exceed the preset range, the correction and warning module will promptly issue a warning signal to remind the operator to make adjustments. In this process, the data communication module ensures the smooth data transmission between the puncture parameter analysis sub-module and other modules, enabling the entire device to work in coordination and improving the accuracy and safety of the puncture operation.

[0075] Example 3:

[0076] This embodiment elaborates in detail the specific operation process of the correction and warning module and its important role in the process of intravenous infusion puncture.

[0077] The correction and warning module plays a key role in ensuring the safety and accuracy of puncture in the intravenous infusion puncture vascular imaging glasses device. Its operation process mainly focuses on comparing the estimated puncture angle, direction, and depth with the preset safety ranges respectively.

[0078] In terms of the puncture angle, the correction and warning module calculates the puncture angle deviation using a specific formula:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, Δθ is the deviation value between the actual puncture angle and the standard angle, and this deviation value can intuitively reflect the degree of difference between the current puncture angle and the ideal puncture angle. is the actual puncture direction vector, which is determined according to the real-time attitude and position of the puncture needle and represents the actual puncture direction of the puncture needle. is the blood vessel axis direction vector, which is determined based on the blood vessel positioning information and represents the central axis direction of the blood vessel. If the deviation value calculated by this formula exceeds the preset angle threshold, the correction and warning module will determine that there is a problem with the puncture angle. For example, the preset angle threshold may be between ±15°. If the calculated Δθ is greater than 15° or less than -15°, the correction and warning module will generate a puncture angle deviation warning.

[0081] In terms of the puncture direction, the correction and warning module will judge whether the puncture direction deviates from the blood vessel axis. When the direction of the puncture needle is inconsistent with the blood vessel axis direction, a direction deviation will occur. The correction and warning module compares the puncture direction information provided by the puncture parameter analysis sub-module with the blood vessel axis direction in the blood vessel positioning information. Once it is found that the puncture direction deviates from the blood vessel axis, a direction deviation signal will be generated.

[0082] The puncture depth is also a parameter that the correction and warning module focuses on. The correction and warning module will compare the estimated puncture depth with the set ratio of the blood vessel diameter. Assuming the set ratio is 80% of the blood vessel diameter, if the estimated puncture depth exceeds this set ratio, the correction and warning module will judge that the puncture depth is abnormal and generate a puncture depth abnormality prompt.

[0083] After the correction warning module generates the above deviation signal, it will trigger corresponding warning methods according to the deviation type. If it is a puncture angle deviation, it may trigger a visual warning, and the operator will be prompted to adjust the puncture angle with a prominent color or icon on the lens of the display module. For example, when the puncture angle is too large, a red arrow may be displayed on the lens pointing downwards to remind the operator to reduce the puncture angle; when the puncture angle is too small, a red arrow pointing upwards is displayed. If it is a direction deviation, it may trigger a vibration warning, and the operator will be reminded to adjust the puncture direction through a vibration device installed on the glasses, enabling the operator to intuitively feel that there is a deviation in the direction. For abnormal puncture depth, a warning method combining vision and vibration can also be adopted to ensure that the operator can detect and adjust the puncture depth in a timely manner, avoid puncture mistakes, and ensure the safety of the patient and the smooth progress of the puncture operation.

[0084] Embodiment 4:

[0085] This embodiment details the working principles and collaborative working methods of the image fusion unit and the dynamic projection unit in the display module.

[0086] The display module is an important window for the operator to obtain information in the intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device. It consists of an image fusion unit and a dynamic projection unit, which work closely together to provide clear and accurate image information for the operator.

[0087] The main task of the image fusion unit is to spatially align the blood vessel positioning information with the real-time puncture path. The blood vessel positioning information includes key data such as the position, type, and size of the blood vessel, while the real-time puncture path is determined based on the real-time position and attitude of the puncture needle. The image fusion unit matches and fuses these two different sources of information spatially through complex algorithms. For example, it calculates the relative position relationship between the two in the image based on the central coordinates of the blood vessel and the current position of the puncture needle, and then superimposes the blood vessel image and the puncture path image, enabling the operator to intuitively see the relative position between the puncture needle and the blood vessel and judge whether the puncture path is correct.

[0088] When performing image fusion, the image fusion unit also takes into account factors such as the scale and angle of the image to ensure that the fused image does not deform or have a position deviation. For example, when the blood vessel is shown as an inclined state in the image, the image fusion unit adjusts the angle of the puncture path image according to the inclination angle of the blood vessel, making the two look natural and coordinated after fusion, facilitating the operator's observation and judgment.

[0089] The dynamic projection unit adjusts the projection perspective according to the posture of the glasses to ensure the stable display of the superimposed image. During actual use, the operator's head will move continuously, and the posture of the glasses will also change accordingly. If the projection perspective is not adjusted, the superimposed image may shake, shift, etc., affecting the operator's observation and judgment. The dynamic projection unit obtains the posture information of the glasses in real time through the posture sensors integrated on the glasses, including the rotation angle, tilt angle, etc.

[0090] When it detects a change in the posture of the glasses, the dynamic projection unit will quickly adjust the angle and position of the projection light. For example, when the operator's head turns to the left, the dynamic projection unit will correspondingly adjust the projection light so that the position of the superimposed image on the lens remains stable, as if the image is fixed in the space in front of the operator's eyes. The dynamic projection unit will also optimize the projection effect according to different usage scenarios and the operator's needs. In an environment with relatively bright light, the dynamic projection unit will increase the brightness and contrast of the image to ensure that the image is clearly visible; in an environment with relatively dim light, it will appropriately reduce the brightness of the image to avoid irritating the operator's eyes. Through the collaborative work of the image fusion unit and the dynamic projection unit, the display module can provide the operator with stable and clear blood vessel images, puncture paths, and correction indication images, helping the operator accurately perform the intravenous infusion puncture operation.

[0091] Embodiment 5:

[0092] This embodiment mainly introduces the role and working principle of the pressure sensing module in the intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device.

[0093] The pressure sensing module is an important auxiliary module in the intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device. It is integrated at the nose pad of the glasses and is mainly responsible for collecting data on the pressure changes of the wearer's nose.

[0094] During actual use, when the operator wears the glasses to perform the intravenous infusion puncture operation, the movement of the head will cause the position of the glasses to change, which in turn causes the display position of the blood vessel image on the glasses lens to shift. This will cause trouble to the operator and affect the accuracy of the puncture. The pressure sensing module can monitor the position change of the glasses in real time by collecting data on the pressure changes of the nose.

[0095] The pressure sensing module uses high-precision pressure sensors that can accurately sense the minute changes in the nose pressure. When the operator's head moves, the pressure on the nose by the nose pad of the glasses will change, and the pressure sensor converts this pressure change into an electrical signal. These electrical signals will be transmitted to the control system of the device.

[0096] After the control system receives the signal from the pressure sensing module, it will correct the display position of the blood vessel image through the attitude compensation algorithm. The attitude compensation algorithm is designed based on a large amount of experimental data and mathematical models. It can accurately calculate the attitude change amount of the glasses according to the pressure change data, and then determine the direction and distance that the blood vessel image needs to be adjusted.

[0097] For example, when the operator's head tilts forward, the pressure of the glasses nose pad on the nose will change. The pressure sensing module collects this change data and transmits it to the control system. The control system calculates through the attitude compensation algorithm that the glasses tilt forward by a certain angle, and then adjusts the display position of the blood vessel image in the display module according to this angle information, moving it upward by the corresponding distance to eliminate the image offset caused by head movement. In this way, even if the operator's head moves continuously during the puncture process, the blood vessel image can always maintain a stable display position on the glasses lens, and the operator can always accurately observe the position of the blood vessel, improving the accuracy and stability of the puncture operation. The presence of the pressure sensing module effectively solves the influence of head movement on the display of the blood vessel image and provides more reliable support for intravenous infusion puncture operations.

[0098] Example 6:

[0099] This embodiment mainly elaborates on the operation mechanism and key role of the background server and related modules in the entire intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device system.

[0100] The background server, as the "intelligent brain" of the entire system, bears extremely important functions. The puncture path prediction model deployed by it is the core to improve the puncture accuracy. The construction of this model relies on a large amount of historical puncture data and the current blood vessel positioning information transmitted by the device in real time. With the help of machine learning algorithms, it generates targeted optimal puncture path suggestions.

[0101] The historical puncture data covers rich information, including the patient's physical condition, blood vessel conditions, puncture angles, puncture directions, puncture depths during each puncture, and even records various problems encountered during the puncture process and the final puncture results (success or failure). These massive data provide the "materials" for the puncture path prediction model to learn. By deeply mining and analyzing the historical data, the model can summarize the best puncture strategies under different blood vessel characteristics and different patient individuals.

[0102] The current blood vessel positioning information is collected in real time by the image processing module in the glasses device and transmitted to the background server. This part of the information accurately describes the specific location, artery / vein type, blood vessel diameter and other key parameters of the blood vessels at the current puncture site of the patient. After receiving this information, the puncture path prediction model starts complex calculations in combination with the learning results of historical data.

[0103] The evaluation function adopted by the puncture path prediction model is In this formula, F represents the comprehensive path score, which is a quantitative index to measure the quality of the puncture path. A score is the angle safety factor, and its value reflects the safety degree of the puncture angle. The closer the puncture angle is to the ideal safe angle range, the higher the value of A score , indicating that the puncture angle is safer. D error represents the mean historical depth error, which reflects the accuracy of past puncture operations in terms of depth control. The smaller the mean historical depth error, the better the puncture depth control, and the smaller the value of D error , and correspondingly the value is larger. S smooth is the path curvature smoothness, which is used to describe the smoothness of the puncture path. The smaller the curvature change of the puncture path, the smoother the path, and the higher the value of S smooth . α, β, and γ are weight coefficients, and α + β + γ = 1. These weight coefficients are not fixed, but are determined through repeated experiments and adjustments according to various factors such as actual clinical needs and the influence degree of different factors on puncture success. Their role is to adjust the relative importance of different factors in the comprehensive score. For example, if in some cases, the safety of the puncture angle has a greater impact on puncture success, the value of α can be appropriately increased.

[0104] The puncture path prediction model uses machine learning algorithms to learn and analyze a large amount of data, continuously optimizing its own parameters to improve the accuracy of prediction. By calculating the comprehensive scores of different puncture paths, the model can screen out the path with the highest comprehensive score from numerous possible puncture paths and send it as the optimal puncture path suggestion to the glasses device. At the same time, the model will continuously monitor the real-time puncture data, and perform matching analysis on the suggested path and the real-time data during the actual puncture process. Once it is found that the actual puncture path deviates from the suggested path, a correction instruction will be generated and sent to the correction warning module of the glasses device through the data communication module to timely remind the operator to adjust the puncture operation.

[0105] The background server has also established a communication connection with the multi-device collaboration module. The main responsibility of the multi-device collaboration module is to collect the puncture data of multiple glasses devices. In an actual medical scenario, there may be multiple intravenous infusion puncture vascular imaging glasses devices used simultaneously on different patients. The multi-device collaboration module aggregates the puncture data generated by these devices and uses clustering analysis technology to identify abnormal operation patterns from a large amount of data. For example, when it is found that during a certain period, the puncture angles of multiple devices generally deviate from the normal range, or there are abnormally frequent errors in the puncture depth, it can be determined that there is an abnormal operation pattern. Once an abnormal operation pattern is identified, the multi-device collaboration module will send a global correction strategy to all connected devices. This global correction strategy is based on the analysis of a large amount of data and can help operators promptly correct incorrect operation habits, improve the overall puncture success rate, and ensure the safety and medical quality of patients.

[0106] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0107] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device, characterized in that It includes an infrared imaging module, an image processing module, a data communication module, a correction and warning module, and a display module; The infrared imaging module is used to irradiate a target area with an infrared light source and collect vascular reflection signals to generate original vascular image data; The image processing module performs dynamic enhancement, arteriovenous differentiation, and vascular diameter calculation on the original vascular image data to generate vascular positioning information; The data communication module transmits the vascular positioning information to the background server in real time and receives correction instructions returned by the background server; The correction and warning module generates puncture angle deviation warnings, direction offset signals, or puncture depth abnormality prompts according to the correction instructions; The display module projects the vascular positioning information, puncture angle, direction, and depth estimation results onto the glasses lens in the form of a superimposed image and synchronously displays a correction indication image.

2. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 1, wherein, The infrared imaging module includes an infrared emission unit, a multispectral sensor array, and a signal preprocessing unit; the infrared emission unit irradiates the target vascular area with infrared light in a preset wavelength range, the multispectral sensor array collects reflected light signals and converts them into electrical signals, and the signal preprocessing unit performs noise filtering and dynamic gain adjustment on the electrical signals to generate standardized vascular reflection data.

3. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 2, wherein The specific processing process of the image processing module is as follows: Extract the vascular contour through gray difference analysis, distinguish arteries and veins based on reflection spectral characteristics, and calculate the vascular diameter using an edge detection algorithm; dynamically adjust the image contrast threshold to optimize vascular visibility and generate positioning information including the vascular position, type, and size; Among them, the vascular diameter calculation uses the following formula: Among them, D is the estimated value of the blood vessel diameter, (x i , y i ) is the pixel coordinate of the blood vessel edge, is the blood vessel center coordinate, n is the number of edge detection points, and k is the optical magnification factor.

4. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data communication module is communicatively connected to a puncture parameter analysis sub-module. The puncture parameter analysis sub-module collects the real-time spatial coordinates and attitude data of the indwelling needle, combines the vascular positioning information, estimates the puncture angle, direction, and depth through a geometric projection algorithm, and transmits the estimation results to the correction and warning module.

5. The venous transfusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific operation process of the correction and warning module is as follows: Compare the estimated puncture angle, direction, and depth with the preset safety range respectively. If the puncture angle exceeds the angle threshold, the direction deviates from the vascular axis, or the depth exceeds the set ratio of the vascular diameter, generate corresponding deviation signals and trigger visual or vibration warnings according to the deviation type; Among them, the puncture angle deviation calculation uses the formula: where Δθ is the deviation value between the actual puncture angle and the standard angle, is the actual puncture direction vector, is the blood vessel axis direction vector.

6. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The display module includes an image fusion unit and a dynamic projection unit; the image fusion unit spatially aligns the vascular positioning information with the real-time puncture path, and the dynamic projection unit adjusts the projection viewing angle according to the glasses attitude to ensure the stable display of the superimposed image.

7. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure sensing module. The pressure sensing module is integrated at the nose pad of the glasses, collects the nasal pressure change data of the wearer, and corrects the display position of the vascular image through an attitude compensation algorithm to eliminate image offset caused by head movement.

8. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 7, wherein, The background server deploys a puncture path prediction model. The model generates an optimal puncture path suggestion through a machine learning algorithm based on historical puncture data and the current vascular positioning information, and performs matching analysis on the suggested path and the real-time puncture data to generate correction instructions; The prediction model uses the following evaluation function: Among them, F is the comprehensive path score, A score is the angle safety factor, D error is the average historical depth error, S smooth is the path curvature smoothness, α, β, γ are weight coefficients, and α + β + γ = 1.

9. The intravenous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device according to claim 8, wherein, The background server is communicatively connected to the multi-device cooperation module. The multi-device cooperation module aggregates the puncture data of multiple glasses devices, identifies abnormal operation modes through clustering analysis, and sends a global correction strategy to all connected devices.

10. A method for applying a venous infusion puncture blood vessel imaging glasses device, characterized in that, The steps include: Start the infrared imaging module to scan the target area and generate original vascular image data; Distinguish arteries and veins through the image processing module and calculate the vascular diameter to generate vascular positioning information; Real-time collect the spatial coordinates and attitude data of the indwelling needle, and estimate the puncture angle, direction and depth; Compare the estimation result with the preset safety range, trigger an alarm and generate a correction indication image; Overlay and display the vascular image, puncture path and correction indication through the display module to complete the puncture operation.

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