Cooperative regulation and control system and method for powder laying layer thickness and beam shaping of laser additive

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and provides a powder laying layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated regulation and control system and method for laser additive manufacturing, and the system comprises a light source device which is used for emitting laser beams required by additive manufacturing; then, when the manufacturing and forming device determines the thickness of the powder laying layer needed by laying, the light source device uses a point light source and / or an annular light source to emit laser beams, and the spot diameter of the laser beams or the size of a molten pool formed by the laser beams is dynamically adjusted according to the thickness of the powder laying layer. The method has the beneficial effects that intelligent segmentation and process planning are conducted on all parts of the L-PBF forming component, the large-layer-thickness powder laying-large-size light source forming process and the small-layer-thickness powder laying-small-size light source forming process are adopted, and meanwhile the forming precision and efficiency of the component are considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and relates to a forming process, in particular to a system and method for synergistically regulating the powder layer thickness and beam shaping of laser additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] The multi-material component with "material-structure-property" integration is an important development trend in the manufacturing industry. In the prior art, traditional technologies such as casting, forging, and machining are used to prepare multi-material components, with complex and cumbersome process flows, long processing cycles, and high costs, and it is impossible to prepare complex multi-material components. The multi-material laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology can prepare high-precision and complex multi-material components through the process of layer-by-layer fixed-point laying of multi-material powders + selective area laser forming, and has a short processing cycle and high forming quality, which is one of the important development directions in the field of laser additive manufacturing.

[0003] Currently, the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology mostly adopts the process of scraping the powder layer by layer - laser forming point by point and line by line, getting rid of the dependence on molds and other traditional manufacturing technologies, and being able to quickly print components with complex configurations, with high forming accuracy, good mechanical properties, short processing cycles, and low costs. Among them, the additive volume element and laser energy are the most critical factors determining the forming efficiency, forming accuracy, component performance, etc. of L-PBF.

[0004] For example, the patent application with the publication number CN120038343A proposes a multi-material laser additive forming process and a laser oscillation forming system, which divides the forming component model of the current multi-material powder layer into an edge area and a filling area, processes the edge area of the forming component model through a point light source, and processes the filling area of the forming component model through the surface light source formed by laser oscillation to complete the processing of the forming component model within the current multi-material powder layer.

[0005] Although the problems of forming defects such as poor multi-material interface fusion, pores, and cracks are solved, due to the limitations of factors such as the laser energy source and additive volume element, there is an inherent contradiction between the forming efficiency and accuracy of the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process: when the powder layer thickness and laser size are large, the basic unit of L-PBF additive forming is large, which can improve the forming efficiency, but the surface roughness is large and the forming accuracy is reduced; conversely, when the powder layer thickness and laser size are small, the additive volume element decreases, the forming accuracy is improved, but the forming efficiency decreases.

[0006] In addition, problems such as the customized regulation of the tissue properties of the L-PBF technology, the stress regulation during the forming process, the forming of small-angle overhanging surfaces, the elimination and repair of forming defects, and the formability of materials (refractory alloys, intermetallic compounds, ceramics, etc.) also urgently require effective and controllable solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for coordinated regulation through powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping during laser additive manufacturing to solve the above problems.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A coordinated regulation system for powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, comprising: A light source device for emitting a laser beam required for component additive manufacturing. The light source device is formed by being driven by an ultrasonic mechanism or an optical modulator and is adjusted by a mirror group to form a point light source and / or an annular light source; A manufacturing and shaping device, which at least includes a powder spreading device and a monitoring system; the monitoring system is configured to collect multiple data parameters during the component shaping process in real time to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness required by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the beam emitted by the light source device; And the light source device is configured to emit a laser beam using the point light source and / or the annular light source when the manufacturing and shaping device determines the required powder spreading layer thickness, and the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder spreading layer thickness.

[0009] Further, the mirror group is formed by arranging one or more of a beam expander, a reflector, and a galvanometer, and the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam is adjusted by the mirror group.

[0010] Further, the light source device includes an optical path beam combining component, and the optical path beam combining component combines the independently formed point light source and annular light source into a point-ring light source.

[0011] Further, the light source device is configured to preheat the laid powder with the beam emitted by the annular light source and shape the component with the beam emitted by the point light source.

[0012] Further, the point light source and the annular light source are coaxially arranged.

[0013] Further, the manufacturing and shaping device further includes a forming process planning system, which is configured to divide the component according to one or more parameters among the component shape and performance requirements to form the powder spreading layer thickness during the component forming process and the corresponding laser process parameters for each layer. The laser process parameters at least include beam parameters.

[0014] Further, the forming process planning system forms the powder spreading layer thickness during the component forming process and the corresponding laser process parameters for each layer based on a preset process database.

[0015] Further, the manufacturing and shaping device further includes a numerical simulation and simulation system, which is configured to perform numerical simulation on multiple data parameters collected in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness required by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the laser beam parameters.

[0016] Furthermore, when performing numerical simulation on data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming shape of the component.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for synergistically regulating the powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, including the steps of: Planning the powder spreading layer thickness for component forming and the corresponding laser process parameters according to the component shape, where the laser process parameters at least include the beam shape and the spot diameter or melt pool size of the beam; Collecting multiple data parameters during the component forming process in real time to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder spreading layer thickness; After determining the powder spreading layer thickness required for the current laying, a point light source and / or an annular light source are used to emit a laser beam, and the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder spreading layer thickness.

[0018] Furthermore, when determining the first preset powder spreading layer thickness, an annular light source is used to emit a laser beam, and when determining the second preset powder spreading layer thickness, a point light source is used to emit a laser beam.

[0019] Furthermore, the beam emitted by the annular light source is used to preheat the laid powder, and the beam emitted by the point light source is used to form the component.

[0020] Furthermore, the component is segmented according to one or more parameters in the component shape and performance requirements to form the powder spreading layer thickness during the component forming process and the corresponding laser process parameters for each layer.

[0021] Furthermore, numerical simulation is performed on the multiple data parameters collected in real time to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness and laser process parameters required for the pre-planned powder spreading device; and when performing numerical simulation on the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming shape of the component.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) When forming by the small layer thickness L-PBF process, a small-sized and high-precision point light source is adopted. The additive volume element is small, which is beneficial to improving the forming accuracy; when forming by the large layer thickness L-PBF process, a large-sized, uniform and stable annular light source is adopted. The melt pool has good stability, less powder splash, and high melt channel quality. Thus, according to the local structure and performance characteristics of the component, intelligent segmentation of the formed component and L-PBF process planning are carried out, and the powder spreading layer thickness and the spot diameter of the laser light source or the melt pool size formed by it are synergistically regulated, which can effectively improve the overall forming efficiency and forming accuracy of the component; (2) Relying on the advantages of good adjustability and fast conversion speed of the point-ring light source, it can effectively adjust the molten pool morphology, temperature field, flow field, etc., control the composition distribution, slow down the stress concentration, suppress the molten pool splash, and improve the quality of the weld bead; (3) Intelligently segment and plan the process for each part of the L-PBF formed component, adopt the large layer thickness powder spreading - large size light source forming process, and the small layer thickness powder spreading - small size light source forming process, while taking into account the forming accuracy and efficiency of the component; (4) By adjusting the point-ring light source laser forming process and combining with the coordinated control of the powder spreading layer thickness, it can effectively improve the energy utilization rate of the laser, expand the L-PBF forming process window of various materials, and achieve more free additive forming; (5) Through the coordinated regulation of the laser additive powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping, combined with the structural characteristics and performance requirements of the component, plan the forming process strategy for different regions of the component to achieve customized design and manufacturing of the microstructure and performance of the component; (6) Combining means such as online defect monitoring and identification, deep learning prediction, etc., and retrieving the corresponding point-ring light source remelting process, it can repair local defect areas, reduce component defects, and improve the yield rate of components; (7) Through the coordinated regulation of multiple point-ring light sources, various intelligent processing strategies can be created, such as using a large size ring light for uniform preheating and a high-precision point light source for forming, to expand the range of formable materials; (8) Through the coordinated regulation process of powder spreading layer thickness - beam shaping, intelligently segment and plan the process for the component, it can improve the forming ability of the L-PBF technology for structural characteristics such as areas prone to deformation, without support, and stress concentration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the coordinated regulation system of powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of realizing beam shaping by using an ultrasonic mechanism provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of realizing beam shaping by using an optical modulator provided in this embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of forming a point-ring light source in beam shaping provided in this embodiment; Figure 5It is a processing schematic diagram of a formed component model in a polygon shape in the laser additive manufacturing process provided by this embodiment; Figure 6 It is a processing schematic diagram of a formed component model in a pipe shape in the laser additive manufacturing process provided by this embodiment; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of layer-by-layer processing in the laser additive manufacturing process provided by this embodiment; Figure 8 It is a step flowchart of a method for synergistically regulating the powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing provided by this embodiment. Specific embodiments

[0025] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0026] This embodiment proposes a system for synergistically regulating the powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, as Figure 1 shown, which includes: A light source device for emitting a laser beam required for additive manufacturing.

[0027] A manufacturing and forming device, which at least includes a powder spreading device and a monitoring system; the monitoring system is configured to collect multiple data parameters during the forming process of the component in real time to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness required by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the beam emitted by the light source device.

[0028] Among them, the light source device is configured to emit a laser beam using a point light source and / or an annular light source when the manufacturing and forming device determines the required powder spreading layer thickness, and the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder spreading layer thickness; and when using a point light source and an annular light source simultaneously, the beam emitted by the annular light source is used to preheat the laid powder, and the beam emitted by the point light source is used to form the component.

[0029] Aiming at the inherent contradiction between the forming efficiency and forming accuracy of L-PBF, this embodiment proposes the concept of synergistic regulation of laser additive powder spreading layer thickness-beam shaping, which adopts a laser optical path system with adjustable light source parameters and synergistically regulates the L-PBF powder spreading layer thickness layer by layer, thereby reducing forming defects, regulating the tissue properties of different parts of the component, and synchronously improving the forming efficiency and forming accuracy.

[0030] Preferably, the light source device is configured to emit a laser beam with a first beam parameter when the powder laying device determines that the first preset powder laying layer thickness is laid, and to emit a laser beam with a second beam parameter when it determines that the second preset powder laying layer thickness is laid. Both the first preset powder laying layer thickness and the second preset powder laying layer thickness are expressed as ranges of powder laying layer thickness values, and do not specifically refer to a certain specific value of the powder laying layer thickness. Moreover, the ranges represented by the first preset powder laying layer thickness and the second preset powder laying layer thickness may not overlap or may overlap.

[0031] Furthermore, the light sources that the light source device in this embodiment can form include a point light source and an annular light source. Thus, an annular light source is used to emit a laser beam at the first preset powder laying layer thickness, and a point light source is used to emit a laser beam when the second preset powder laying layer thickness is determined.

[0032] Preferably, through the combination of an ultrasonic driving device and optical components such as the beam expander in the optical path system, rapid, precise, and dynamic regulation of the spot size and energy distribution of the point-ring light source is achieved.

[0033] To achieve dynamic beam shaping of the point-ring light source, as Figures 2 to 4 shown, this embodiment specifically proposes the following: (1) Driving optical components such as a beam expander through an ultrasonic mechanism to obtain a point light source with rapidly adjustable laser energy, spot diameter, etc.; (2) Through laser mode adjustment, obtaining an annular light source with uniform and stable energy, and driving optical components such as a beam expander through an ultrasonic mechanism to obtain an annular light source with rapidly adjustable laser energy, spot diameter, etc.; (3) Through optical path combining components such as reflectors and galvanometric mirrors, coaxial combining or non-coaxial combining of the dynamic point light source and annular light source is performed to obtain a point-ring light source with rapidly adjustable laser energy and spot diameter.

[0034] The point-ring light source proposed in this embodiment is not limited to the point-ring light source obtained through the combination of an ultrasonic mechanism and an optical path system, but also includes other methods that can form a point-ring light source, such as a liquid crystal spatial or mechanical spatial light modulator, etc.

[0035] In addition, the point-ring light source proposed in this embodiment is not limited to infrared wavelength lasers, but also includes infrared, blue, green, and other wavelength lasers that can be used for L-PBF forming.

[0036] Regarding the collaborative regulation strategy proposed in this embodiment, as Figures 5 to 7As shown in the figure, during the beam shaping process, a conventional small-diameter and high-precision point light source B1 is used to print the edge of the formed component, enabling the formed component to obtain a more uniform and fine structure, improving the strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the surface of the formed component. The annular light source B2 with high-speed laser oscillation scanning can improve the forming efficiency of the formed component, obtain a relatively coarse structure, and improve the overall plasticity and toughness of the formed component.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that, as Figure 6 shown in the figure, when the formed component model of the current powder layer is set in a polygon, first, the formed component model is divided into an edge area A1 and a filling area A2. Among them, the edge area A1 is located at the outer contour edge of the polygon. Then, the edge area A1 is processed by the point light source B1, and the filling area A2 is processed by the annular light source B2 formed by laser dynamic regulation, and finally, the formed component model required for the current powder layer is formed.

[0038] As Figure 7 shown in the figure, when the formed component model of the current powder layer is set in a pipe, first, the formed component model is also divided into an edge area A1 and a filling area A2. Among them, the edge area A1 is located at the inner contour edge of the pipe. Then, the edge area A1 is processed by the point light source B1, and the filling area A2 is processed by the annular light source B2 formed by laser dynamic regulation, and finally, the formed component model required for the current powder layer is formed.

[0039] Furthermore, before the multi-material powder layer forming of the formed component model, high-power laser high-frequency oscillation is used to form a uniform annular light source B2 to preheat the powder layer over a large area and adjust the stress distribution to prevent stress concentration.

[0040] Therefore, to achieve the additive forming of easy-to-crack and difficult-to-form brittle materials by point-ring laser, during the L-PBF forming process, by regulating parameters such as the energy and size of the annular light source of the point-ring light source, the forming area of the point light source is preheated and slowly cooled, thereby reducing the thermal tensile stress during the forming process, adjusting the stress distribution, preventing stress concentration, and further reducing or eliminating forming defects.

[0041] Furthermore, the forming device also includes a forming process planning system, which is configured to divide the component according to one or more parameters in the component shape and performance requirements to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer. The laser process parameters at least include beam parameters.

[0042] First, before the component is formed, the forming process planning system will, based on the component characteristics and performance requirements and the process parameter library, intelligently divide the structural characteristics of each part of the component, thereby planning multiple process parameters such as the powder layer thickness of each layer and the point-ring laser process of each area during the component forming process.

[0043] Secondly, during the component forming process, defect data such as temperature and deformation during the component forming process are monitored in real time and fed back to the forming process planning system to optimize the forming process.

[0044] Furthermore, the manufacturing and forming device further includes a numerical simulation and simulation system, which is configured to perform numerical simulation on multiple data parameters collected in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the powder layer thickness and laser beam parameters required by the pre-planned powder spreading device. At the same time, when performing numerical simulation on the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming shape of the component.

[0045] Based on defect data parameters such as temperature and deformation, the forming accuracy and tissue performance of the component are predicted through methods such as a numerical simulation and simulation system and a machine learning prediction model. In the case of deviation from the normal threshold, it is timely fed back to the forming process planning system to adjust the forming process in real time.

[0046] At the same time, after the component forming is completed, the component is subjected to forming accuracy measurement, tissue performance sampling detection, etc. through methods such as a numerical simulation and simulation system and a machine learning prediction model to detect whether the forming accuracy and tissue performance of the component meet the expected indicators.

[0047] In the numerical simulation and simulation system and the machine learning prediction model, based on the structural characteristics of the formed component, regions prone to deformation, without support, and stress concentration are identified, such as features such as thin walls, cantilevers, and sharp corners, so as to predict the overall stress-strain distribution during the component forming process, thereby planning the powder layer thickness-beam shaping collaborative regulation process and adjusting the component stress distribution in real time to reduce forming defects and improve the forming ability of the L-PBF technology for structural features such as regions prone to deformation, without support, and stress concentration.

[0048] On this basis, through the collaborative regulation of powder layer thickness-beam shaping, the molten pool morphology, temperature field, and flow field during the forming process of multi-material components are controlled, and further, the cooling rate, temperature gradient of tissue solidification, and thermal cycle during the forming process are controlled to optimize the tissue performance. For example, a coarse columnar crystal structure is formed in a superalloy blade component to improve the high-temperature mechanical properties.

[0049] At the same time, for structures such as component stiffeners, flange interfaces, and gear teeth, during the forming process, by adjusting the local structure forming process parameters, the local structure tissue is optimized to form a uniform and fine equiaxed crystal structure, improving the performance of the local structure such as strength, fatigue resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, and further improving the overall performance of the component.

[0050] In addition, as Figure 8 shown, this embodiment also proposes a method for collaborative regulation of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, which includes the steps: S1. Plan the powder spreading layer thickness for the forming of the component and the corresponding laser process parameters according to the component morphology. The laser process parameters at least include the beam morphology and the spot diameter of the beam or the size of the molten pool formed by the beam. S2. Collect multiple data parameters during the forming process of the component in real time to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder spreading layer thickness. S3. After determining the powder spreading layer thickness required for the current laying, use a point light source and / or an annular light source to emit a laser beam. The spot diameter or the size of the molten pool formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder spreading layer thickness. And when using the point light source and the annular light source simultaneously, use the beam emitted by the annular light source to preheat the laid powder, and use the beam emitted by the point light source to form the component.

[0051] Among them, a laser optical path system with adjustable light source parameters is adopted, and the powder spreading layer thickness of L-PBF is coordinated and controlled layer by layer, so as to reduce forming defects, control the tissue properties of different parts of the component, and simultaneously improve the forming efficiency and forming accuracy.

[0052] In step S1, before the component is formed, the forming process planning system will, according to the component characteristics and performance requirements, based on the process parameter library, intelligently segment the structural characteristics of each part of the component, so as to plan multiple process parameters such as the powder spreading layer thickness of each layer and the beam morphology of each region in the forming process of the component. Among them, the beam morphology includes a point light source and / or an annular light source.

[0053] In step S2, based on data parameters such as temperature, deformation and defects, predict the forming accuracy and tissue properties of the component through methods such as a numerical simulation and simulation system and a machine learning prediction model. When deviating from the normal threshold, feedback to the forming process planning system in time to adjust the forming process in real time.

[0054] Meanwhile, after the component is formed, measure the forming accuracy of the component and conduct sampling inspection of the tissue properties through methods such as a numerical simulation and simulation system and a machine learning prediction model to detect whether the forming accuracy and tissue properties of the component meet the expected indicators.

[0055] Further, in step S3, use the annular light source to emit a laser beam at the first preset powder spreading layer thickness, and use the point light source to emit a laser beam when the second preset powder spreading layer thickness is determined. Thus, relying on the advantages of good adjustability and fast conversion speed of the point and annular light sources, the morphology of the molten pool, the temperature field, the flow field, etc. can be effectively adjusted, the composition distribution can be controlled, the stress concentration can be slowed down, the molten pool splash can be suppressed, and the quality of the weld bead can be improved.

[0056] Thus, through the collaborative control of the laser additive powder spreading layer thickness - beam shaping, combined with the structural characteristics and performance requirements of the component, plan the forming process strategy for different regions of the component, and realize the customized design and manufacturing of the tissue and performance of the component.

[0057] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar means for substitution, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0058] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0059] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first", "second", "one", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0060] In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A co - regulation system for powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, characterized in that Comprising: A light source device for emitting a laser beam required for additive manufacturing of components, the light source device being formed by driving with an ultrasonic mechanism or an optical modulator and adjusted by a mirror group to form a point light source and / or an annular light source; A manufacturing and forming device, which at least includes a powder spreading device and a monitoring system; the monitoring system is configured to collect multiple data parameters during the component forming process in real time to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness required by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the light beam emitted by the light source device; And the light source device is configured to emit a laser beam using a point light source and / or an annular light source when the manufacturing and forming device determines the powder spreading layer thickness required for laying, the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam being dynamically adjusted according to the powder spreading layer thickness, and when using a point light source and an annular light source simultaneously, preheating the laid powder with the light beam emitted by the annular light source and using the light beam emitted by the point light source to form the component.

2. The powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping collaborative regulation system for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein The mirror group is formed by arranging one or more of a beam expander, a reflector, and a galvanometer, and the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam is adjusted by the mirror group.

3. The powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping collaborative regulation system for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein, The light source device includes an optical path beam combining component, and the optical path beam combining component combines the independently formed point light source and annular light source into a point-ring light source.

4. The co - regulation system for powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using the annular light source to emit a laser beam when determining the first preset powder spreading layer thickness, and using the point light source to emit a laser beam when determining the second preset powder spreading layer thickness.

5. A co - regulation system for powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The point light source and the annular light source are coaxially arranged.

6. The co - regulation system for powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manufacturing and forming device further includes a forming process planning system, which is configured to divide the component according to one or more parameters among the component shape and performance requirements to form the powder spreading layer thickness during the component forming process and the corresponding laser process parameters for each layer, and the laser process parameters at least include beam parameters.

7. A co - regulation system for powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The forming process planning system forms the powder spreading layer thickness during the component forming process and the corresponding laser process parameters for each layer based on a preset process database.

8. A powder laying layer thickness and beam shaping collaborative regulation system for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that The manufacturing and forming device further includes a numerical simulation and simulation system, which is configured to perform numerical simulation on multiple data parameters collected in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness required by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the laser beam parameters.

9. The powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping collaborative regulation system for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that, When performing numerical simulation on the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming shape of the component.

10. A method for synergistically regulating the powder laying layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, characterized in that, Including steps: Planning the powder spreading layer thickness for component forming and the corresponding laser process parameters according to the component shape, the laser process parameters at least including the beam shape and the spot diameter of the beam or the melt pool size formed by the beam; Collecting multiple data parameters during the component forming process in real time to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder spreading layer thickness; After determining the powder spreading layer thickness required for the current laying, using a point light source and / or an annular light source to emit a laser beam, the spot diameter or melt pool size formed by the laser beam being dynamically adjusted according to the powder spreading layer thickness; and when using a point light source and an annular light source simultaneously, preheating the laid powder with the light beam emitted by the annular light source and using the light beam emitted by the point light source to form the component.

11. A method for synergistically regulating the powder spreading layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 10, characterized in that, A ring light source is used to emit a laser beam when the first preset powder spreading layer thickness is determined, and a point light source is used to emit a laser beam when the second preset powder spreading layer thickness is determined.

12. A method for synergistically regulating the powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 10, characterized in that The component is segmented according to one or more parameters in the component shape and performance requirements to form the powder spreading layer thickness during the component forming process and the corresponding laser process parameters for each layer.

13. A method for synergistically regulating the powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 10, characterized in that, Numerical simulation is performed on multiple data parameters collected in real time to dynamically adjust the powder spreading layer thickness and laser process parameters required by the pre-planned powder spreading device; and when performing numerical simulation on the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming shape of the component.

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