Dual circularly polarized phased-array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual circularly polarized phased-array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement. A phased-array antenna module sub-array is formed by triangular grid arrangement of phased-array antenna units; the radiation unit adopts a cross oscillator with a gradual change structure, the impedance matching is improved, and a feed network of a three-branch linear bridge is matched, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is improved, and the requirements of more communication frequency bands are met; the orthohexagonal antenna unit appearance and the metal partition wall are adopted, so that mutual coupling between the antenna units is reduced, and the isolation degree between the antenna units and the overall performance are improved; triangular grid arrangement is adopted, and the problems that the scanning range of a traditional rectangular array is limited, and grating lobes are prone to occurring during large-angle scanning are solved; the device has higher polarization purity and lower cross polarization level, supports quick splicing of N * N subarrays, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and easiness in processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and particularly to a dual circular polarization phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technologies, the requirements for antenna performance are increasing day by day. Due to its advantages of being able to flexibly control the beam direction, having high gain, and fast scanning, phased array antennas have been widely used in fields such as communication and radar.

[0003] Existing phased array antennas still have some limitations in terms of polarization mode, element layout, and frequency band coverage, and it is difficult to meet the growing high-performance communication requirements. For example, common rectangular grid arrangement phased array antennas have problems such as limited beam scanning performance and large mutual coupling between elements in some application scenarios.

[0004] At the same time, for the method of realizing dual circular polarization, traditional methods have problems such as high structural complexity and low polarization purity, resulting in increased costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a dual circular polarization phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement.

[0006] A dual circular polarization phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement is spliced by N×N phased array antenna module sub-arrays; The N×N represents the number of rows and columns of the phased array antenna module sub-arrays; The phased array antenna module sub-array is composed of phased array antenna elements arranged in a triangular grid; The phased array antenna element includes a metal cross dipole, a metal support column, a metal bottom plate, a metal partition wall, a feeding network, and a radio frequency coaxial connector; The metal cross dipole and the metal support column are integrally connected to form a radiation unit; A regular hexagon metal partition wall is arranged around the radiation unit, and the radiation unit is arranged on the metal bottom plate; The feeding network is embedded inside the metal bottom plate, and the metal partition wall is arranged on the metal bottom plate; The height of the metal partition wall is higher than that of the radiation unit, and the feeding network integrates a 3dB hybrid; The radio frequency coaxial connector is arranged at the bottom of the metal bottom plate, and the feeding network is electrically connected to the radio frequency coaxial connector respectively to realize left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization.

[0007] Furthermore, for a dual circular polarization phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the metal cross dipole is formed by overlapping two pairs of triangular dipole arms with upper and lower misalignment through metal sheets; The metal cross dipole is arranged on the top of the metal support column; The surface of the triangular dipole arm is provided with a window, and the length of the triangular dipole arm is 0.26λ; The λ represents the free space wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0008] Furthermore, a dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the top of the metal support column is slotted and separated to support four triangular dipole arms respectively Mounting bases are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the metal support column, and the mounting bases are fixed on the metal bottom plate by screws; Two pairs of dielectric columns and inner conductors are filled in the center of the metal support column to feed two pairs of triangular dipole arms in a coaxial feeding form.

[0009] Furthermore, a dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the shape of the metal bottom plate is a regular hexagon, and the side length is 0.35λ; The profile height of the radiation unit is 0.2λ.

[0010] Furthermore, a dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the feeding network adopts a 3-branch linear directional coupler; The 3dB bridge divides the input signal into two signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees.

[0011] Furthermore, a dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the input port of the feeding network is fed by a coaxial probe, and the output port of the feeding network is welded to the feeding inner conductor of the triangular dipole arm.

[0012] Furthermore, a dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the sub-array of the phased array antenna module is composed of an equilateral triangular grid 6×8 arrangement of phased array antenna elements, and the spacing between the phased array antenna elements is 0.6λ; The λ represents the free space wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, the radiation unit adopts a cross dipole with a gradient structure, which improves the impedance matching. Cooperating with the feeding network of the 3-branch linear bridge, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased to meet the requirements of more communication frequency bands; adopting the regular hexagon shape of the antenna element and the metal partition wall reduces the mutual coupling between the antenna elements, improves the isolation degree between the antenna elements and the overall performance; adopting the triangular grid arrangement solves the problem that the traditional rectangular array has a limited scanning range and is prone to grating lobes during large-angle scanning; higher polarization purity and lower cross-polarization level; supports the rapid splicing of N×N sub-arrays, realizing the advantages of simple device structure, low cost and easy processing. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a phased array antenna element.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a top view of the phased array antenna element.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a side view of the phased array antenna element.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna element feeding network.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a return loss curve graph of the phased array antenna element.

[0020] Figure 7 It is an isolation degree curve graph between the phased array antenna elements.

[0021] Figure 8 It is an axial ratio curve graph of the phased array antenna element.

[0022] Figure 9 It is the normalized scanning pattern of the phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement along the long side direction.

[0023] Figure 10 It is the normalized scanning pattern of the phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement along the short side direction.

[0024] In the figure: 1 - metal cross dipole, 2 - metal support column, 3 - metal bottom plate, 4 - metal partition wall, 5 - feeding network, 6 - RF coaxial connector, 11 - triangular dipole arm. Specific embodiments

[0025] The present invention will be further described, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0026] As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 5 A dual - circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement is composed of splicing N×N phased array antenna module sub - arrays; N×N represents the number of rows and columns of the phased array antenna module sub - array; The phased array antenna module sub - array is composed of a triangular grid arrangement of phased array antenna elements; The phased array antenna element includes a metal cross dipole 1, a metal support column 2, a metal bottom plate 3, a metal partition wall 4, a feeding network 5, and an RF coaxial connector 6; The metal cross dipole 1 and the metal support column 2 are integrally connected to form a radiation unit; A metal partition wall 4 in the shape of a regular hexagon is arranged around the radiation element, and the radiation element is arranged on the metal bottom plate 3; The regular hexagon-shaped metal partition wall 4 reduces the mutual coupling between the phased array antenna elements and improves the isolation degree; The feeding network 5 is embedded inside the metal bottom plate 3, and the metal partition wall 4 is arranged on the metal bottom plate 3; The height of the metal partition wall 4 is higher than that of the radiation element, and the feeding network 5 integrates a 3dB hybrid coupler; The RF coaxial connector 6 is arranged at the bottom of the metal bottom plate 3, and the feeding network 5 is electrically connected to the RF coaxial connector 6 respectively to realize left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization.

[0027] As shown in the Figures 1 to 3 accompanying drawing, the metal cross dipole 1 is formed by overlapping two pairs of triangular dipole arms 11 with upper and lower dislocation through metal sheets; The tapered structure of the triangular dipole arm 11 expands the impedance bandwidth of the antenna and improves the structural strength of the antenna; The metal cross dipole 1 is arranged on the top of the metal support column 2; Windows are opened on the surface of the triangular dipole arm to facilitate the installation of the radiation element; The length of the triangular dipole arm 11 is 0.26λ; The λ represents the free space wavelength at the center frequency point.

[0028] The top of the metal support column 2 is slotted and separated to support four triangular dipole arms 11 respectively; Mounting bases are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the metal support column 2, and the mounting bases are fixed on the metal bottom plate 3 by screws; Two pairs of dielectric columns and inner conductors are filled in the center of the metal support column 2 to feed two pairs of triangular dipole arms 11 in a coaxial feeding form; The overall structure of the phased array antenna element is simple, easy to process and assemble, and supports the rapid splicing of N×N sub-arrays; The shape of the metal bottom plate 3 is a regular hexagon, and the side length is 0.35λ; The sectional height of the radiation element is 0.2λ; The metal cross dipole 1, the metal support column 2, the metal bottom plate 3, and the metal partition wall 4 form a large-area metal structure, which is beneficial to heat dissipation and improves the power capacity of the antenna; As shown in the Figure 4 accompanying drawing, the feeding network 5 adopts a 3-branch linear directional coupler, which broadens the working bandwidth and improves the isolation degree between the left and right hand ports; The 3dB hybrid coupler divides the input signal into two signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees.

[0029] The input port of the feeding network 5 is fed by a coaxial probe, and the output port of the feeding network 5 is welded to the inner feeding conductor of the triangular oscillator arm 11.

[0030] As shown in the Figure 5 attachment, the sub-array of the phased array antenna module is composed of an equilateral triangle grid of phased array antenna elements arranged in a 6×8 pattern, and the spacing between phased array antenna elements is 0.6λ; wherein λ represents the free space wavelength at the center frequency point.

[0031] Under the conditions of the same array area and scanning angle and no grating lobes, the number of elements required for the triangular grid rectangular boundary planar array is reduced by about 20% compared with the rectangular grid planar array; meanwhile, the triangular grid layout can make the element arrangement compact to achieve large-angle scanning.

[0032] As shown in the Figure 6 attachment, the bandwidth with return loss less than -10 dB is 1.9 GHz - 2.7 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is more than 34%, which reflects the advantage of the relatively wide bandwidth of the present invention; As shown in the Figure 7 attachment, the isolation between adjacent array elements is greater than 25 dB, which reflects the low mutual coupling and high isolation between array elements of the present invention; As shown in the Figure 8 attachment, the simulation results show that the axial ratio of the phased array antenna element is less than 0.5 dB, and the circular polarization purity is high; As shown in the Figures 9 to 10 attachment, the simulation results show that the beam scanning range of the phased array antenna module sub-array within the operating frequency band can reach more than ±50°.

[0033] The Figures 6 to 10 attachments are all schematic diagrams of the simulation results achieved by the sub-array of the phased array antenna module composed of an equilateral triangle grid of phased array antenna elements arranged in a 6×8 pattern, and do not represent the fast splicing structure of other N×N sub-arrays of this application.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement, characterized in that It is spliced by N×N sub-arrays of phased array antenna modules; The N×N represents the number of rows and columns of the sub-arrays of phased array antenna modules; The sub-arrays of phased array antenna modules are composed of phased array antenna elements arranged in a triangular grid; The phased array antenna elements include a metal cross dipole (1), a metal support post (2), a metal bottom plate (3), a metal partition wall (4), a feed network (5), and a radio frequency coaxial connector (6); The metal cross dipole (1) and the metal support post (2) are integrally connected to form a radiation element; A regular hexagon-shaped metal partition wall (4) is arranged around the radiation element, and the radiation element is arranged on the metal bottom plate (3); The feed network (5) is embedded inside the metal bottom plate (3), and the metal partition wall (4) is arranged on the metal bottom plate (3); The height of the metal partition wall (4) is higher than that of the radiation element, and the feed network (5) integrates a 3dB hybrid; The radio frequency coaxial connector (6) is arranged at the bottom of the metal bottom plate (3), and the feed network (5) is electrically connected to the radio frequency coaxial connector (6) respectively to achieve left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization.

2. The dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement according to claim 1, wherein The metal cross dipole (1) is formed by overlapping two pairs of triangular dipole arms (11) with metal sheets in an up-and-down staggered manner; The metal cross dipole (1) is arranged on the top of the metal support post (2); Windows are opened on the surface of the triangular dipole arm, and the length of the triangular dipole arm (11) is 0.26λ; The λ represents the free space wavelength at the center frequency point.

3. A dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the metal support post (2) is slotted and separated to support four triangular dipole arms (11) respectively; Mounting bases are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the metal support post (2), and the mounting bases are fixed on the metal bottom plate (3) by screws; Two pairs of dielectric columns and inner conductors are filled in the center of the metal support post (2) to feed two pairs of triangular dipole arms (11) in a coaxial feeding form.

4. A dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement according to claim 2, wherein, The shape of the metal bottom plate (3) is a regular hexagon, and the side length is 0.35λ; The cross-sectional height of the radiation element is 0.2λ.

5. A dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed network (5) uses a 3-branch linear directional coupler; The 3dB hybrid divides the input signal into two signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees.

6. The dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement according to claim 3, wherein The input port of the feed network (5) is fed by a coaxial probe, and the output port of the feed network (5) is welded to the feeding inner conductor of the triangular dipole arm (11).

7. A dual circularly polarized phased array antenna based on triangular grid arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-arrays of phased array antenna modules are composed of phased array antenna elements arranged in a 6×8 equilateral triangle grid, and the spacing between phased array antenna elements is 0.6λ; The λ represents the free space wavelength at the center frequency point.

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