Full-mouth rubber barrier for oral treatment of children under general anesthesia

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-mouth rubber barrier for treating the oral cavity of children under general anesthesia, which comprises a split type adjustable bracket formed by connecting a front section and a rear section through a flexible hinge, the front section is arranged in an anterior tooth area, and the adjusting width range is 15-30mm; the rear section is mounted in a rear tooth area, the adjusting width range is 10-25mm, and the adjusting range of a telescopic rod of the rear section in the buccal tongue direction is 18-28mm; the hydrogel liner is in a long strip shape, has the width of 8-10 mm and is attached to mucous membranes on the inner sides of the upper lip and the lower lip; the thickness of the rubber barrier cloth is 0.13-0.15 mm, the surface of the rubber barrier cloth is coated with a nano hydrophobic layer, and the contact angle is gt; at 110 degrees, cutting in an anterior tooth area and a posterior tooth area; the intelligent clamping unit comprises an anterior tooth area metal clamp and a posterior tooth area silica gel clamp, and the anterior tooth area metal clamp is fixed to the neck of a target tooth in an anterior tooth area and is integrated with a miniature pressure sensor; the back tooth area silica gel clamp symmetrically clamps the neck of the breast molar, and a piezoresistive sensor and an electromagnetic release device are arranged in the back tooth area silica gel clamp; the problems that in the prior art, due to poor dental arch shape adaptation, lip and tongue soft tissue compression injuries are caused, and moisture insulation fails in the general anesthesia treatment operation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment protection, and particularly to a full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia. Background Art

[0002] At present, pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia is an important means to solve dental caries and multiple tooth decay in young children, especially suitable for children who are difficult to cooperate due to fear, sensitivity or the need for complex treatment of multiple teeth. The full-mouth rubber dam isolation technique is the core auxiliary means for such treatment. The rubber dam isolates saliva, blood and soft tissues through a physical barrier, provides a dry and clean field of vision, reduces the risk of aspiration, and improves the bonding effect of restorative materials. In recent years, with the popularization of biocompatible materials, the combination of the rubber dam and general anesthesia technology has further optimized the treatment process. Research shows that the use of the rubber dam significantly reduces the incidence of secondary caries and the filling loss rate, and at the same time shortens the single treatment time, making it possible to complete the treatment of multiple teeth at one time under general anesthesia; in addition, the rubber dam has also been proven to reduce the microbial contamination in the clinic and the risk of cross-infection, meeting the aseptic requirements of modern oral treatment.

[0003] Although the full-mouth rubber dam has significant advantages in general anesthesia treatment, its application still faces multiple challenges: the full dentition rubber dam needs to be fixed in the oral cavity for a long time, and the tension of the dam placement and the continuous compression of the metal clips are likely to cause soft tissue edema or congestion of the lips, gums, etc.; the lack of standardization in operation and the lack of personalized isolation solutions for different ages, mouth opening degrees and lip elasticity lead to frequent intraoperative adjustments and prolonged treatment time; some rubber dams contain natural latex components, which may cause delayed allergic reactions, and the clinical prediction of such risks and the application of alternative materials are insufficient; in addition, during the long-term treatment process, the stability and isolation effect of the rubber dam may be affected by changes in humidity and temperature in the oral cavity, resulting in a decrease in the dryness of the surgical field and affecting the smoothness of the operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve a full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia in the prior art to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia, aiming to solve the problems of soft tissue compression injury, moisture isolation failure and postoperative microcirculation disorder caused by poor adaptation of the dental arch shape in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia, comprising: a split-type adjustable bracket, a hydrogel pad, a rubber dam cloth and an intelligent clamping unit:

[0007] The split-type adjustable bracket is composed of the front section of the split-type adjustable bracket and the rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket connected by a flexible hinge. The front section of the split-type adjustable bracket is installed in the anterior tooth area, and the adjustable width range is 15 - 30 mm; the rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket is installed in the posterior tooth area, and the adjustable width range is 10 - 25 mm, and the buccolingual adjustment range of its telescopic rod in the rear section is 18 - 28 mm.

[0008] The hydrogel liner is strip-shaped with a width of 8 - 10 mm and is attached to the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips.

[0009] The thickness of the rubber dam cloth is 0.13 - 0.15 mm and its surface is coated with a nano-hydrophobic layer, with a contact angle > 110°. It is cut according to the anterior tooth area and the posterior tooth area. The rubber dam cloth in the anterior tooth area covers the maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines, and the rubber dam cloth in the posterior tooth area covers the primary molars and a silicone sealing strip is pre-attached to the edge.

[0010] The intelligent clamping unit includes a metal clip in the anterior tooth area and a silicone clip in the posterior tooth area. The metal clip in the anterior tooth area is fixed to the neck of the target tooth in the anterior tooth area, and the metal clip in the anterior tooth area integrates a micro pressure sensor; the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area symmetrically clamps the neck of the primary molars, and the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area is internally provided with a piezoresistive sensor and an electromagnetic release device.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible hinge is a corrugated hinge made of polyether ether ketone, with a single-section bending angle of 0 - 15°. Adjusting knobs are provided on the front section and the rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket, and the adjusting knobs adopt a threaded self-locking structure, with a tightening torque of 0.8 - 1.2 N·m.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the hydrogel liner is dynamically selected according to the mucosal thickness. When the mucosal thickness of the inner side of the upper and lower lips < 1.4 mm or the mucosal thickness of the buccal side < 2.2 mm, a 2.0 mm liner is selected; when the mucosal thickness is 1.4 - 1.6 mm or the buccal mucosa is 2.2 - 2.3 mm, a 1.5 mm liner is selected; when the mucosal thickness > 1.6 mm or the buccal mucosa > 2.3 mm, a 1.0 mm liner is selected.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting width in the anterior tooth area is adapted to the tooth spacing of 0.5 - 2.0 mm, and the cutting size in the posterior tooth area is the number of target teeth × crown width + 2 mm edge compensation, and a silicone sealing strip with a width of 2.0 - 2.4 mm and a thickness of 0.2 - 0.3 mm is pre-attached to the edge.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal clip in the anterior tooth area has a wide beak and low pressure design, integrates a micro pressure sensor, and the safe pressure range is 8 - 15 kPa. When the single-point pressure > 15 kPa, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and after continuously exceeding the limit for 5 seconds, the spring is automatically released and a 3 mm stroke is released.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area is made of a wide-beak non-metallic material, symmetrically clamped at two points, with a pressure threshold ≤ 20 kPa. The micro piezoresistive sensor monitors the pressure in real time. When the pressure exceeds the limit (> 20 kPa), the electromagnetic release device is triggered to release a 3-mm stroke.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic rod is internally provided with a spring steel core and a silicone coating layer, which is adapted to the mesiodistal diameter of the primary molar, and the error of the curvature radius of the posterior section ≤ 0.8 mm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the rubber dam cloth is as follows: thermoplastic polyurethane is melt-extruded at 180 - 200 °C to form a film with a thickness of 0.13 - 0.15 mm. The surface of the film is activated by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, with a helium gas flow rate of 13 - 15 L / min and a power of 300 - 350 W; a 150 - 200-nm-thick nano-silica layer is deposited on the activated surface by magnetron sputtering, and the deposition rate is 5 - 10 nm / min.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the hydrogel pad is as follows: 10 wt% carbomer is dissolved in water, 12 wt% glycerol and 0.8 wt% polyethylene glycol are added, and they are mixed evenly; triethanolamine is added dropwise and stirred until a translucent gel is formed. At least 1.35 g of triethanolamine is required to neutralize 1 g of carbomer, and the stirring rate is 300 - 400 rpm. The pH is adjusted to 6 - 7 to form a gel, forming a three-dimensional network; the solution is injected into a mold and cured at room temperature for 24 - 48 hours, and sterilized with ethylene oxide gas.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure monitoring data of the metal clip in the anterior tooth area and the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area are displayed on the terminal interface in real time. The alarm delay for the anterior tooth area is 5 seconds, and the delay for the posterior tooth area is 10 seconds.

[0020] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides a full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia.

[0022] (2) By combining the split adjustable bracket with the three-dimensional data fusion technology, the present invention solves the problem of soft tissue compression caused by the mismatch of the arc of traditional rigid brackets. Using an intraoral scanner and CBCT image to reconstruct the dental arch shape and soft tissue thickness distribution, accurately customize the adjustment parameters of the front and rear sections of the split bracket. The width of the front section is 15 - 30 mm, the rear section is 10 - 25 mm, and the curvature error is ≤ 0.8 mm. Combine the flexible hinge to dynamically adapt to the arc of the dental arch, and achieve a high degree of fit between the bracket and the dentition shape. Compared with the prior art, through data-driven customization, the fitting degree of the bracket is improved, significantly reducing the risk of ischemic compression of the labial and buccal mucosa caused by arc deviation. At the same time, the split structure supports staged operations for the front and rear teeth, shortening the compression time in a single area and further reducing cumulative damage.

[0023] (3) Through the synergistic buffering mechanism of the metal clip in the anterior tooth area and the hydrogel pad, the present invention solves the problem of rigid compression of the thin mucosa by the metal clip. Based on the soft tissue thickness data, the upper and lower lip mucosa is 1.2 - 1.8 mm, and the buccal side is 2.0 - 2.5 mm. Dynamically select the hydrogel pad thickness of 1.0 / 1.5 / 2.0 mm, cut it into a strip with a width of 8 - 10 mm to cover the contact area of the metal clip, and disperse the pressure peak through elastic deformation. At the same time, a micro pressure sensor is built into the metal clip to monitor the clamping pressure in real time. When the limit is exceeded, an audible and visual alarm is triggered and the clip is automatically loosened. Compared with the prior art, the risk of pressure concentration in the anterior tooth area is reduced. Through the closed-loop management of material buffering and intelligent force control, both the clamping stability is maintained and microcirculation disorders are avoided.

[0024] (4) The synergy of the silicone clamping system in the posterior tooth area and the low-tension fixation method of the present invention solves the contradiction between the high difficulty of isolating primary molars and mucosal damage. Use wide-beak silicone clips for two-point symmetric clamping, combined with pre-pasted silicone sealing strips to enhance the edge sealing performance. At the same time, the pressure distribution is monitored in real time through a piezoresistive sensor, and electromagnetic release is triggered when the limit is exceeded. Compared with the existing metal clips, the elastic modulus of the silicone material is more suitable for the characteristics of children's soft tissues. Combining two-point clamping improves the pressure dispersion efficiency. The sealing strip compensates for the tooth gap, improves the success rate of isolation, and avoids the metal cutting effect.

[0025] (5) Through the synergy of the non-latex polyurethane dam cloth and the phased isolation strategy, the present invention solves the conflict between the allergy risk and the isolation performance. Use a 0.13 - 0.15 mm thick polyurethane material to replace latex, and coat the surface with a nano-hydrophobic layer with a contact angle > 110°, which improves the isolation efficiency. During the phased operation, the dam cloth in the anterior tooth area is removed immediately after the treatment is completed, and only the isolation in the posterior tooth area is retained, shortening the material contact time. Compared with the prior art, it not only avoids delayed allergic reactions, but also maintains high-efficiency isolation through the hydrophobic coating and zoned use, while reducing mucosal irritation caused by material exposure. Description of the Drawings

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings;

[0027] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a split-type adjustable bracket of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. Front section of the split-type adjustable bracket; 2. Rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket; 3. Flexible hinge; 4. Rear section adjustment knob; 5. Front section adjustment knob. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Application overview:

[0033] The root causes of the defects of the full - mouth rubber dam in children's oral treatment under general anesthesia can be attributed to two core problems: the contradiction between the standardization of design and the individual needs, and the insufficient biocompatibility of materials. 1. The standardized operation process is difficult to adapt to the special anatomical structure of children. The oral cavity of children is narrow, and the crowns of deciduous teeth are short and irregular in shape, resulting in uneven distribution of the clamping force of the traditional rubber dam, especially in the anterior tooth area. The rigid design of the metal clip is likely to form high - pressure points locally. In addition, under general anesthesia, children cannot actively adjust their occlusion or body position, and continuous compression can cause microcirculation disorders, ultimately leading to tissue edema. Moreover, to cover all the teeth in the mouth, the rubber dam cloth needs to be spread over a large area, and its tension does not match the tolerance of the oral mucosa of children, further increasing the risk of soft tissue injury. 2. The contradiction between material selection and allergy risk. Although latex rubber dams are widely used due to their excellent elasticity and sealing performance, natural latex proteins are still potential allergens. Some children develop delayed mucosal edema within 24 hours after contact with latex products, and even systemic symptoms. Although non - latex materials have been gradually introduced into clinical practice, their tear - resistance performance is poor and they are easily damaged during complex operations, affecting the moisture - isolation effect.

[0034] Therefore, this application proposes a full - mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia. By using multi - modal image fusion technology to obtain the three - dimensional data of the child's dental arch and the thickness distribution of soft tissues, a customized split - type adjustable bracket is used to divide the oral cavity into the anterior tooth area and the posterior tooth area for zonal isolation: in the anterior tooth area, a metal clip with a matching curvature is combined with a hydrogel pad to buffer the pressure, and a micro - pressure sensor is used to accurately control the force value at 8 - 15 kPa and automatically release when the limit is exceeded; in the posterior tooth area, a low - tension silicone clamping system is used, combined with a silicone sealing strip to enhance the moisture - isolation effect, and the pressure threshold is set at ≤20 kPa and equipped with a dual - alarm mechanism. In terms of materials, a non - latex polyurethane rubber dam cloth is used to replace the traditional latex material. The surface nano - hydrophobic coating significantly improves the moisture - isolation efficiency. At the same time, through infrared thermal imaging postoperative evaluation and massage with mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream, a complete protection system from intraoperative pressure control to postoperative microcirculation monitoring is constructed.

[0035] Exemplary method:

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, a method for using a full - mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia includes:

[0037] S1. Obtain the three - dimensional data of the child's dental arch through an intraoral scanner, reconstruct the tooth arrangement and the thickness distribution of soft tissues in combination with CBCT images, select a split - type adjustable bracket, and divide the whole mouth into the anterior tooth area and the posterior tooth area;

[0038] S2. Install a split-type bracket, adjust the curvature of the front section of the bracket to fit the anterior tooth area, line the inner lip with a hydrogel dressing, cover the upper and lower lip mucosae, place a rubber dam in the anterior tooth area. After completing the treatment of the anterior tooth area, loosen the rubber dam clamp in the anterior tooth area and retain the isolation in the posterior tooth area; monitor the pressure data in real time, automatically trigger an alarm and loosen the clamping;

[0039] S3. Adjust the rear section of the bracket, lock the teeth in the posterior tooth area, adopt a low-tension fixation method, monitor the local pressure in real time, and automatically give an alarm to prompt adjustment;

[0040] S4. After the operation, remove the rubber dam, use an infrared thermal imager to scan the lips to detect local temperature abnormalities, and apply mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream to the compressed area and massage to promote absorption.

[0041] In step S1, the three-dimensional dental arch data includes: the dental arch shape and the tooth spacing; the dental arch shape is used to match the adjustment range of the split-type bracket to avoid the bracket compressing soft tissues due to mismatched curvature, including: the dental arch width, curvature and tooth arrangement symmetry;

[0042] There are great differences in the dental arch development of children. Traditional rigid brackets are likely to compress the labial and buccal mucosae due to mismatched curvature, resulting in local ischemia or edema. Through the customization of brackets driven by three-dimensional data, the compression risk can be reduced. The adjustable width of the split-type adjustable bracket is 15 - 30 mm, and it is provided with flexible hinges to adapt to the curvature to ensure a high degree of fit between the bracket and the dental arch shape of the child;

[0043] The tooth spacing is the mesiodistal distance between adjacent teeth, which is used to determine the coverage range of the rubber dam cloth to avoid moisture isolation failure due to too large a gap or too high a tension due to too small a gap; if the gap is too large, a gap > 2 mm is likely to cause saliva leakage and affect the moisture isolation effect; if the gap is too small, a gap < 0.5 mm will make the tension of the rubber dam cloth too high and aggravate the gingival compression.

[0044] The mucosa of children is thin and rich in capillaries. Direct contact with metal clips can cause microcirculation disorders. In step S1, the soft tissue thickness is the thickness of the inner lip mucosa and the buccal mucosa of the upper and lower lips, which is used to evaluate the padding requirements of the metal clips to prevent microcirculation disorders caused by direct compression;

[0045] The anterior tooth area includes the maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines. Its characteristics are short crowns, steep dental arch curvature, thin and blood-rich labial mucosa, which is easily damaged by metal clip compression; therefore, this application preferentially treats the anterior tooth area and combines a split-type bracket and a hydrogel lining; the posterior tooth area includes the maxillary and mandibular primary molars. Its characteristics are wide crowns, complex occlusal surface morphology, relatively thick buccal mucosa, but narrow operating space and high moisture isolation difficulty; in the posterior tooth area, a low-tension fixation method is combined with a micro pressure sensor for monitoring to adjust the clamping force in real time. Dividing the whole teeth into the anterior tooth area and the posterior tooth area and treating them separately in stages can specifically optimize the pressure distribution.

[0046] Such asFigure 2 As shown in the figure, in step S1, the three-dimensional data of the child's dental arch is obtained through an intraoral scanner and CBCT imaging technology. Combining with the soft tissue thickness distribution, it provides an accurate morphological matching basis for the customization of the split adjustable bracket. The dental arch morphological parameters ensure a high degree of fit between the bracket and the dental arch, and the tooth spacing analysis clarifies the coverage range of the rubber dam cloth, avoiding the failure of moisture isolation or excessive tension; the soft tissue thickness assessment selects the hydrogel liner through the water gel liner, effectively preventing the microcirculation disorder caused by the direct compression of the metal clip. Based on the developmental differences of the children's dental arches, this technology realizes personalized bracket customization through three-dimensional data drive, reducing the compression risk; when installing the split bracket in step S2, the front section curvature adjustment can seamlessly connect with the three-dimensional model data to ensure the precise fitting of the steep dental arch shape in the anterior tooth area, and the full coverage of the hydrogel liner on the inner side of the lip constructs a pressure dispersion barrier, creating safe implementation conditions for subsequent isolation treatment and real-time pressure monitoring in the anterior tooth area;

[0047] The rubber dam cloth has a thickness of 0.13 - 0.15 mm, and the surface is coated with a nano-hydrophobic layer, with a contact angle > 110° to improve the moisture isolation efficiency;

[0048] In step S2, adjust the flexible hinge of the front section of the bracket so that its radius of curvature is consistent with the dental arch curvature in the anterior tooth area of the preoperative three-dimensional model, and lock the adjustment knob of the front section of the bracket to ensure that the bracket stably fits the crown neck of the anterior teeth; avoid the lateral slip of the metal clip caused by the curvature deviation of the traditional rigid bracket, and reduce the risk of unstable clamping.

[0049] The thickness of the hydrogel liner includes: 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm;

[0050] The average thickness of the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips is 1.2 - 1.8 mm, and the average thickness of the buccal mucosa is 2.0 - 2.5 mm;

[0051] When the thickness of the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips is 1.4 - 1.6 mm or the thickness of the buccal mucosa is 2.2 - 2.3 mm, select a 1.5 mm hydrogel liner;

[0052] When the thickness of the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips is less than 1.4 mm or the thickness of the buccal mucosa is less than 2.2 mm, select a 2.0 mm hydrogel liner;

[0053] When the thickness of the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips is greater than 1.6 mm or the thickness of the buccal mucosa is greater than 2.3 mm, select a 1 mm hydrogel liner.

[0054] Cut the hydrogel liner into a long strip shape, with a width of 8 - 10 mm and a length covering the inner mucosa band of the upper and lower lips; attach it along the upper and lower labial frenum to the corner area to ensure complete coverage of the metal clip contact area; disperse the metal clip pressure through elastic buffering to prevent capillary occlusion caused by direct compression.

[0055] Cut the non-latex polyurethane dental dam cloth into the coverage range of the anterior tooth area, and determine the width according to the tooth spacing data in step S1; use a wide-beak low-pressure metal clip to fix it on the target teeth in the anterior tooth area;

[0056] Start the micro pressure sensor built in the metal clip, and display the pressure value on the central control screen in real time. When the single-point pressure > 15 kPa, the sensor triggers an audible and visual alarm. After the pressure continues to exceed the limit for 5 seconds, the clamping spring is automatically released, and the release stroke is 3 mm; through force-electric feedback closed-loop control, the clamping pressure in the anterior tooth area is stabilized in the safe range of 8 - 15 kPa; after the treatment in the anterior tooth area is completed, immediately remove the metal clip in this area and retain the isolation in the posterior tooth area; remove the dental dam cloth in the anterior tooth area, and only retain the bracket and isolation device in the posterior tooth area.

[0057] Compress the pressing time of the dental dam in the anterior tooth area, while traditional full-mouth fixation needs to continue until the end of the operation, thereby reducing the cumulative ischemic injury of the lips; in step S2, through the triple technology collaboration of precise adjustment of the split bracket, hydrogel pressure buffering and intelligent force-controlled release, the contradiction between compression injury and operation efficiency in the application of the dental dam in the anterior tooth area is systematically solved.

[0058] In step S3, rotate the adjustment knob at the rear section of the split bracket to release the adjustment freedom. According to the CBCT data in step S1, adjust the flexible hinge at the rear section to adapt to the dental arch curvature in the posterior tooth area, and the adjustment range is 10 - 25 mm; slide the telescopic rod to match the buccolingual width of the primary molar, and the adjustment range is 18 - 28 mm. Match the buccolingual diameter of the primary molar, and tighten the fixing knob at the rear section to ensure that the bracket fits the crown neck of the tooth, and the curvature radius error at the rear section ≤ 0.8 mm; rotate the locking knob at the rear section to the fully locked state to ensure that the bracket has no displacement during the treatment;

[0059] In step S3, the cutting size of the dental dam cloth is the number of target teeth in the posterior tooth area × crown width + 2 mm edge compensation; pre-paste a silicone sealing strip on the edge of the dental dam cloth, with a width of 2.0 - 2.4 mm and a thickness of 0.2 - 0.3 mm, to enhance the sealing with the tooth surface and prevent saliva leakage;

[0060] In addition, it is fixed by the low-tension fixation method. Use a wide-beak silicone clip, non-metallic, with a pressure threshold ≤ 20 kPa, to clamp the neck of the target primary molar to avoid the rigid compression of the traditional metal clip; use two-point symmetric clamping, and place a wide-beak silicone clip on each of the buccal and lingual sides of each target tooth to disperse the clamping pressure;

[0061] The internal of the wide-beak silicone clamp is embedded with a micro piezoresistive sensor. The terminal pressure monitoring interface is turned on, and the pressure alarm threshold for the posterior tooth area is set at 20 kPa. The pressure distribution map displayed on the terminal is observed in real time. If the single-point pressure > 20 kPa, the terminal triggers a red flashing alarm and emits a beeping sound. The doctor immediately fine-tunes the position of the silicone clamp or loosens the clamping force until the pressure value returns to the safe range; if the pressure continues to exceed the limit for 10 seconds, the system automatically activates the electromagnetic release device, the spring of the silicone clamp releases, and the release stroke of the clamping end is 3 mm to avoid tissue damage.

[0062] In step S2, a metal clamp is used because the crowns of the anterior teeth are short and require a wide-beak design to increase the contact surface and avoid slippage. The metal material provides a stable clamping force and adapts to the steep dental arch shape in the anterior tooth area. The metal clamp ensures the stable clamping of the short crowns and avoids the failure of moisture isolation caused by elastic deformation. The rigid pressure of the metal clamp is buffered by the hydrogel gasket to make up for the material defects; in step S3, a silicone material is used because the crowns of the posterior teeth are wide. The silicone material disperses the buccal pressure, adapts to the complex occlusal surface shape of the primary molars, combines two-point symmetric clamping to balance the pressure distribution, and avoids single-point high pressure; the silicone clamp adapts to the buccolingual bulging shape of the primary molars and avoids the cutting effect of the metal clamp on the thick mucosa. The elastic modulus of the silicone is more matched with the soft tissues of children, reducing microcirculation disorders.

[0063] In step S4, during the postoperative examination, after removing the rubber dam, immediately use an infrared thermal imager to scan the lips. Set the scanning distance to 18 - 20 cm to detect local temperature abnormalities. The reference temperature is set at 34.5 °C to prompt the risk of microcirculation disorders or edema. Focus on scanning the inner mucosal contact area of the upper and lower lips and the buccal clamping sites;

[0064] When the temperature difference ≤ 1.0 °C, the injury is normal; when 1.0 °C < temperature difference ≤ 2.5 °C, there is mild ischemia and drug intervention is required; when the temperature difference > 2.5 °C, there is severe ischemia, and edema can be seen within 24 hours after the operation. Apply polysulfated mucopolysaccharide cream to the compressed area to promote local blood circulation.

[0065] Exemplary device:

[0066] A full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia, comprising:

[0067] A split-type adjustable bracket, with a split front section and rear section structure, connected by a flexible hinge to adapt to the dental arch curvature; the width adjustment range of the front section is 15 - 30 mm, and the width adjustment range of the rear section is 10 - 25 mm; the buccolingual adjustment range of the rear section telescopic rod is 18 - 28 mm, matching the buccolingual diameter of the primary molars; the curvature radius adaptation error ≤ 0.8 mm; the adjustment knobs of the front section and rear section lock the stability;

[0068] The flexible hinge is a corrugated hinge made of polyetheretherketone material, and the single-section bending angle is 0 - 15 °;

[0069] The front-section adjustment knob and the rear-section adjustment knob adopt a thread self-locking structure, and the tightening torque is 0.8 - 1.2 N·m;

[0070] The telescopic rod is internally provided with a spring steel core and a silica gel coating layer;

[0071] The hydrogel pad has selectable thicknesses of 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm; the size is strip-shaped, with a width of 8 - 10 mm and a length covering the area from the upper and lower labial frenulums to the angles of the mouth; the hydrogel pad is a pressure buffer layer, placed between the metal clip and the oral mucosa to prevent direct compression by the metal clip from causing microcirculation disorders; it is located on the inner mucosa of the anterior tooth area, attached along the upper and lower labial frenulums to the angles of the mouth, and completely covers the area in contact with the metal clip;

[0072] The rubber dam cloth is made of non-latex polyurethane material, with a thickness of 0.13 - 0.15 mm and a nano-hydrophobic coating on the surface, and the contact angle > 110°; the rubber dam cloth is the core material for moisture isolation, used to cover the teeth and isolate saliva to maintain a clear surgical field; the rubber dam cloth covers all the teeth in the mouth, but is used in different areas according to the treatment stage:

[0073] Anterior tooth area: Cut into a size to cover the maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines, and fixed by a metal clip;

[0074] Posterior tooth area: Cut into a size to cover the primary molars, and cooperate with a silica gel sealing strip to enhance the sealing property;

[0075] The cutting parameters are:

[0076] Anterior tooth area: The width is based on the tooth spacing data, and the gap is adapted to 0.5 - 2.0 mm;

[0077] Posterior tooth area: Cover the number of target teeth in the posterior tooth area × the crown width + 2 mm edge compensation; a silica gel sealing strip with a width of 2.0 - 2.4 mm and a thickness of 0.2 - 0.3 mm is pre-attached to the edge of the posterior tooth area;

[0078] The intelligent clamping unit includes: a metal clip for the anterior tooth area and a silica gel clip for the posterior tooth area;

[0079] The metal clip for the anterior tooth area is designed with a wide beak and low pressure, integrated with a micro pressure sensor, the safe pressure range is 8 - 15 kPa, when the pressure exceeds the limit > 15 kPa, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and after continuous overpressure for 5 seconds, the spring is automatically released, with a stroke of 3 mm;

[0080] The silica gel clip for the posterior tooth area is made of a wide beak non-metallic material, with two-point symmetric clamping, the pressure threshold ≤ 20 kPa, and is monitored in real time by a micro piezoresistive sensor. When the pressure exceeds the limit > 20 kPa, an electromagnetic release device is triggered, with a stroke of 3 mm.

[0081] A preparation method for a rubber dam cloth includes the steps:

[0082] The thermoplastic polyurethane is melt-extruded at 180 - 200 °C to form a film with a thickness of 0.13 - 0.15 mm. The surface of the film is activated by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with a helium flow rate of 13 - 15 L / min and a power of 300 - 350 W. A nano-silica layer with a thickness of 150 - 200 nm is deposited on the activated surface by magnetron sputtering at a deposition rate of 5 - 10 nm / min.

[0083] A preparation method of a hydrogel pad, comprising the steps of:

[0084] Dissolve 10 wt% carbomer in water, add 12 wt% glycerol and 0.8 wt% polyethylene glycol, and mix evenly; dropwise add triethanolamine and stir until a translucent gel is formed. At least 1.35 g of triethanolamine is required to neutralize 1 g of carbomer, and the stirring rate is 300 - 400 rpm. Adjust the pH to 6 - 7 to form a gel, forming a three-dimensional network; inject the solution into a mold and cure at room temperature for 24 - 48 hours, and sterilize with ethylene oxide gas to ensure sterility.

[0085] The mold is adapted to the parameter requirements of the hydrogel pad.

[0086] The electromagnetic relaxation device includes: an embedded microprocessor and an electromagnetic actuator;

[0087] The embedded microprocessor receives the pressure signal transmitted by the piezoresistive sensor in the silicone clip. When the pressure exceeds 15 kPa, an alarm signal is sent to the alarm device for analysis and alarm;

[0088] When the pressure exceeds 20 kPa, the embedded microprocessor sends a signal to the electromagnetic actuator to control the release of the silicone clip.

[0089] Based on the ideal embodiments of the present invention as an inspiration, through the above description, relevant personnel can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia, comprising: A split-type adjustable bracket, a hydrogel pad, a rubber dam cloth, and an intelligent clamping unit, characterized in that: The split-type adjustable bracket is composed of a front section of the split-type adjustable bracket and a rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket connected by a flexible hinge. The front section of the split-type adjustable bracket is installed in the anterior tooth area, and the adjustable width range is 15-30 mm; the rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket is installed in the posterior tooth area, and the adjustable width range is 10-25 mm, and the buccolingual adjustment range of its rear telescopic rod is 18-28 mm; The hydrogel pad is strip-shaped with a width of 8-10 mm and is attached to the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips; The rubber dam cloth has a thickness of 0.13-0.15 mm and a nano-hydrophobic layer is coated on the surface, the contact angle > 110°, and it is cut according to the anterior tooth area and the posterior tooth area. The rubber dam cloth in the anterior tooth area covers the maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines, and the rubber dam cloth in the posterior tooth area covers the primary molars and a silicone sealing strip is pre-attached to the edge; The intelligent clamping unit includes a metal clip in the anterior tooth area and a silicone clip in the posterior tooth area. The metal clip in the anterior tooth area is fixed to the neck of the target tooth in the anterior tooth area, and a micro pressure sensor is integrated in the metal clip in the anterior tooth area; the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area symmetrically clamps the neck of the primary molars, and a piezoresistive sensor and an electromagnetic release device are built in the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area.

2. The full-mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, wherein: The flexible hinge is a corrugated hinge made of polyether ether ketone, the single-section bending angle is 0-15°, and adjustment knobs are provided on the front section and the rear section of the split-type adjustable bracket. The adjustment knobs adopt a thread self-locking structure, and the tightening torque is 0.8-1.2 N·m.

3. The full-mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the hydrogel pad is dynamically selected according to the thickness of the mucosa. When the thickness of the inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips < 1.4 mm or the thickness of the buccal mucosa < 2.2 mm, a 2.0 mm pad is selected; when the mucosa thickness is 1.4-1.6 mm or the buccal mucosa is 2.2-2.3 mm, a 1.5 mm pad is selected; when the mucosa thickness > 1.6 mm or the buccal mucosa > 2.3 mm, a 1.0 mm pad is selected.

4. A full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting width in the anterior tooth area is adapted to the tooth spacing of 0.5-2.0 mm, and the cutting size in the posterior tooth area is the number of target teeth × crown width + 2 mm edge compensation, and a silicone sealing strip with a width of 2.0-2.4 mm and a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm is pre-attached to the edge.

5. The full-mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal clip in the anterior tooth area is designed with a wide beak and low pressure, and a micro pressure sensor is integrated. The safe pressure range is 8-15 kPa. When the single-point pressure > 15 kPa, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and after continuously exceeding the limit for 5 seconds, the spring is automatically released and a 3 mm stroke is released.

6. The full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicone clip in the posterior tooth area is made of a wide beak non-metallic material and is symmetrically clamped at two points. The pressure threshold ≤ 20 kPa. The micro piezoresistive sensor monitors the pressure in real time. When the pressure exceeds the limit > 20 kPa, the electromagnetic release device is triggered to release a 3 mm stroke.

7. The full-mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, wherein: The telescopic rod is internally provided with a spring steel core and a silicone coating layer, which is adapted to the buccolingual diameter of the primary molars, and the error of the curvature radius of the rear section ≤ 0.8 mm.

8. A full-mouth rubber dam for children's oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the rubber dam cloth is as follows: Thermoplastic polyurethane is melt-extruded at 180 - 200 °C to form a film with a thickness of 0.13 - 0.15 mm. The surface of the film is activated by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with a helium gas flow rate of 13 - 15 L / min and a power of 300 - 350 W. A nano-silica layer with a thickness of 150 - 200 nm is deposited on the activated surface by magnetron sputtering at a deposition rate of 5 - 10 nm / min.

9. The full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the hydrogel liner is as follows: 10 wt% carbomer is dissolved in water, 12 wt% glycerol and 0.8 wt% polyethylene glycol are added, and the mixture is stirred evenly. Triethanolamine is added dropwise and stirred until a translucent gel is formed. At least 1.35 g of triethanolamine is required to neutralize 1 g of carbomer, and the stirring rate is 300 - 400 rpm. The pH is adjusted to 6 - 7 to form a gel, forming a three-dimensional network. The solution is injected into a mold and cured at room temperature for 24 - 48 hours, and then sterilized with ethylene oxide gas.

10. A full-mouth rubber dam for pediatric oral treatment under general anesthesia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring data of the metal clip in the anterior tooth area and the silicone clip in the posterior tooth area are displayed on the terminal interface in real time. The over-limit alarm in the anterior tooth area is delayed by 5 seconds, and the delay in the posterior tooth area is 10 seconds.

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