Space-air-ground integrated Internet of Vehicles resource allocation method, device and equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a space-air-ground integrated Internet of Vehicles resource allocation method, device and equipment, and belongs to the field of resource allocation, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an Internet of Vehicles system model comprising satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles and vehicles; the unmanned aerial vehicle broadcasts resource condition inquiry messages regularly and collects resource conditions in the coverage range of the unmanned aerial vehicle to form a resource aggregation directory; after receiving the resource request message, the unmanned aerial vehicle searches a corresponding resource in a resource aggregation directory according to the request type, executes a preset resource allocation algorithm under the condition that the corresponding resource exists, generates a task request, and sends the task request to the service vehicle or the adjacent unmanned aerial vehicle; returning a resource mismatching message under the condition that the corresponding resource does not exist; and after receiving the result feedback of the service vehicle or the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle returns the result to the vehicle sending the resource request message. Therefore, limited resources can be utilized more effectively, and the utilization rate of the resources is improved under the condition that the resources are rare or the communication is real.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of resource allocation, and specifically relates to a method, device and equipment for allocating resources in an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network. Background Art

[0002] In rural and remote areas, as well as areas devastated by natural disasters, terrestrial network infrastructure often faces significant challenges. Vehicles may be sparsely populated in these areas, and terrestrial network infrastructure may be severely damaged, resulting in insufficient network coverage and difficulty meeting user needs. In these situations, implementing connected vehicles using only terrestrial infrastructure becomes unfeasible.

[0003] In-vehicle network communications assisted by the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) is a potential solution. The Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicle Network (SAGVN) is more flexible, safer, and more efficient than traditional vehicle networks in terms of network, security, and applications. In addition to ground networks, space satellites and aerial networks are used to supplement ground communications. Satellite networks help achieve ubiquitous coverage in rural and remote areas, assisting ground networks in providing full network connectivity anytime, anywhere. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have fully controllable maneuverability and altitude and can be flexibly deployed to keep up with the dynamic vehicle environment. Combining SAGIN with the vehicle network can make up for the shortcomings of the vehicle network in remote areas, such as limited capacity, unstable communication links, and insufficient available resource pools, and can provide high-quality vehicle services anytime, anywhere.

[0004] The multifaceted heterogeneity of resources in integrated air-space-ground connected vehicle networks poses a major challenge in effectively managing satellite, drone, and vehicle resources. Most existing research focuses on deploying drones, planning their flight paths, and rationally scheduling and allocating resources in urban environments, where there are sufficient drones and vehicles and sufficient resources. However, in remote areas or disaster situations, the number of drones and vehicles is small, onboard resources are very limited, and adjacent vehicles may be far apart, making direct communication impossible. When a vehicle faces an urgent problem and is unable to communicate directly with neighboring vehicles due to the distance, satellites and drones become crucial. Satellites and drones are needed to receive vehicle requests and dispatch the limited onboard resources of surrounding vehicles. Designing a rational resource scheduling and management method to address vehicle resource requirements is a challenging task. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the resource allocation problem when resources are scarce or communication is difficult, the present invention provides an air-space-ground integrated vehicle network resource allocation method, device and equipment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] First, a method for allocating resources of an integrated air-space-ground vehicle network is provided, the method comprising:

[0008] Constructing a vehicle networking system model including a satellite, a drone, and a vehicle, wherein the satellite provides a communication connection for the drone and the vehicle, and the drone flies at a fixed time and a preset trajectory;

[0009] The drone regularly broadcasts resource status inquiry messages to collect resource status information of vehicles and adjacent drones within its coverage area and form a resource aggregation directory;

[0010] After receiving the resource request message sent by the vehicle according to the resource situation inquiry message, the drone searches for the corresponding resource in the resource aggregation directory according to the request type, and if the corresponding resource exists, executes the preset resource allocation algorithm to generate a task request, and sends the task request to the service vehicle or adjacent drone with the corresponding resource; if the corresponding resource does not exist, it returns a resource mismatch message;

[0011] After receiving the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone, the drone transmits the result back to the vehicle that sent the resource request message.

[0012] Optionally, when the vehicle receives a resource status inquiry message, it obtains local resources and sends the local resources to the drone; when local resources are missing, it sends a resource request message to other vehicles and drones within its communication range; when the vehicle is out of the drone's communication coverage, it sends the resource request message to other vehicles or satellites, which are forwarded to the nearest drone by other vehicles or satellites.

[0013] Optionally, the drone regularly aggregates the resource status of vehicles and adjacent drones by querying, and classifies and stores the collected resources to form a resource directory including vehicle or drone ID, computing resources, storage resources, location, speed and driving direction.

[0014] Optionally, the data packet of the resource request message sent by the vehicle includes a vehicle / UAV ID, a data field and a task priority, the data field contains the actual data to be transmitted, and the task priority is used to distinguish the priority of the resource request.

[0015] Optionally, the UAV determines the missing computing resources and storage resources based on the resource request message, and then searches in the resource aggregation directory; if the resources of a single service vehicle meet the missing computing resources and storage resources, the task request is sent to the service vehicle; if the resources of a single service vehicle do not meet the missing computing resources and storage resources, multiple vehicles are combined for resources, or resource requests are sent to adjacent UAVs for collaborative processing.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0017] The drone regularly broadcasts resource status inquiry messages to update the resource aggregation directory of vehicles and neighboring drones within its coverage area based on the most recently received resource status.

[0018] Secondly, a device for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network is provided, the device comprising:

[0019] A construction module is used to construct a vehicle network system model including a satellite, a drone, and a vehicle, wherein the satellite is a low-Earth orbit satellite system and the drone flies at a fixed time and a preset trajectory;

[0020] The aggregation module is used to control the drone to regularly broadcast resource status inquiry messages, collect resource information from vehicles and adjacent drones within its coverage area, and form a resource aggregation directory;

[0021] The allocation module is used to search for corresponding resources in the resource aggregation directory according to the request type after the UAV receives the resource request message sent by the vehicle according to the resource status inquiry message. If the corresponding resources exist, it executes the preset resource allocation algorithm to generate a task request and sends the task request to the service vehicle or adjacent UAV with the corresponding resources. If the corresponding resources do not exist, it returns a resource mismatch message.

[0022] The feedback module is used to transmit the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone to the vehicle that sent the resource request message after the drone receives the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone.

[0023] In addition, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned integrated air-ground-space vehicle network resource allocation method.

[0024] Finally, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned method for allocating resources of an integrated air-space-ground vehicle network is implemented.

[0025] The invention provides an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network resource allocation method with the following beneficial effects:

[0026] First, a connected vehicle system model is constructed, encompassing satellites, drones, and vehicles. Low-orbit satellite systems are used to provide extensive communication connectivity to remote areas and those difficult to reach via ground base stations, helping to achieve full network coverage and provide communication connectivity. Drones are used as relay nodes to extend the range of satellite communications, reduce communication blind spots, and improve overall communication efficiency. This helps drones collect information about the resources of vehicles and neighboring drones within their coverage area, enabling them to quickly locate and match available resources, improving the efficiency and accuracy of resource utilization. Resource allocation is then tailored to the type of resource requested, ensuring effective resource utilization and timely task completion. This resource aggregation and intelligent allocation strategy allows for more efficient utilization of limited resources, improving resource utilization in situations where resources are scarce or communication is unreliable. For example, in remote areas or disaster situations, the collaboration between drones and satellites can provide stable communication services, enhancing the robustness and reliability of the system and further providing a strong foundation for supporting complex connected vehicle applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and its design, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for this embodiment. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A model diagram of an integrated air-space-ground vehicle network resource allocation system provided by the present invention according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network resource allocation method provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 A flowchart of resource allocation for an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 A flowchart of a drone resource discovery process is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 A diagram of a drone aggregation resource directory provided by the present invention according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 6 A flowchart of drone resource allocation is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of an integrated air-space-ground-vehicle network resource allocation device provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention and to be able to implement it, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the air-ground integrated vehicle network of the present invention, satellites and drones work together to provide communication services for vehicles to support heterogeneous vehicle applications with high latency requirements, such as Figure 1 A remote area road section with two lanes and two directions, with no fixed ground infrastructure.

[0037] The satellite service provider in the air-space-ground integrated vehicle network in the present invention is a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite system. Due to its lower orbital altitude, LEO satellites can provide global communication coverage and can effectively serve ground vehicles, including remote and hard-to-reach areas, which are often difficult to cover by ground base stations. LEO satellites are seamlessly integrated with vehicles and drones to form an air-space-ground integrated vehicle network, providing a full range of communication solutions. Due to the mobility of vehicles on the ground, the LEO satellite network can better adapt to the dynamic changes of vehicles and provide continuous communication services. LEO satellites are equipped with communication interfaces that can provide secure communication connections for drones and vehicles equipped with dedicated satellite antennas. When the satellite receives a mission request, it sends the mission request to the drone closest to the requesting vehicle.

[0038] In this invention, two drones are deployed, flying at fixed times and along fixed trajectories. Equipped with advanced communication equipment, the drones provide high-bandwidth communication services to ground vehicles, supporting the transmission of large amounts of data. The two drones collaborate and communicate via wireless links, further expanding their communication coverage and forming a dynamic aerial network that can meet the communication coverage requirements of vehicles in the present invention's scenarios. In certain situations, the drones can serve as relay nodes between satellites and ground vehicles, extending the range of satellite communications. Equipped with satellite communication interfaces, the drones can provide services to ground vehicles through satellite communication in emergency situations. The drones can also function as part of the C-V2X system, communicating with other drones or connected vehicles. At the beginning of each time slot, the drones collect information from all vehicles within their coverage area, such as the resource requirements of the requesting vehicle, the resource availability of the serving vehicle, network status, and vehicle location, speed, and direction. The drones can optionally offload the vehicle's resource requests to other vehicles or neighboring drones within their communication range, and then transmit feedback back to the requesting vehicle.

[0039] In the present invention, vehicles traveling on roads in remote areas are equipped with communication modules that support various communication modes, including end-to-end V2V communication and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based V2mV communication. Using V2V or V2mV communication, vehicles can communicate with other vehicles or drones, with a communication range typically ranging from tens to hundreds of meters. Vehicles can also access satellite communication networks through various types of terminal devices. Emergency tasks can be transmitted to satellites by vehicles or drones with satellite interfaces. Different vehicles generate different tasks and utilize different onboard resources. Vehicles with idle resources are referred to as service vehicles, while vehicles with resource-demanding tasks are referred to as task vehicles. Each vehicle periodically generates tasks with different QoS requirements and computing / cache resource requirements. If a task vehicle's own resources do not meet its own resource requirements, it will require the coordinated assistance of surrounding vehicles and drones when generating new tasks. If the vehicle is within the drone's communication range, it will simultaneously send task requests to neighboring vehicles and drones within range. If the vehicle is not within the drone's communication range, it will send task requests to neighboring vehicles or satellites within range.

[0040] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] First, the present invention provides a method for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-vehicle network. Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0042] S201. Construct a vehicle network system model including satellites, drones and vehicles.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the satellite is a low-orbit satellite system that provides communication connection for the UAV and the vehicle, and the UAV flies at a fixed time and preset trajectory.

[0044] In this step, an appropriate low-Earth orbit altitude is first selected, typically between 160 and 2000 kilometers, to ensure comprehensive communication coverage, particularly in remote and hard-to-reach areas. Satellites should be equipped with advanced communication interfaces capable of supporting high-speed, secure data transmission to meet the communication needs between vehicles and drones. Secondly, the number of drones deployed should be appropriately tailored to the size and shape of the coverage area to ensure adequate communication coverage and redundancy. Drones should be assigned fixed flight times and pre-set flight paths to ensure they can regularly and stably collect information about vehicle resources within the coverage area and effectively allocate resources. Drones should be equipped with advanced communication equipment to support high-bandwidth communication services and meet the needs of transmitting large amounts of data. Vehicles should then be equipped with communication modules to support various communication modes, including end-to-end V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) communication and non-orthogonal multiple access (V2mV) communication. Vehicles also need to be equipped with the necessary computing and storage resources to share their own resources or receive resource services from other vehicles or drones when needed.

[0045] In this connected vehicle system model, the communication interface provided by the LEO satellite system provides secure and stable communication between drones and vehicles. The satellite should be able to receive mission requests and resource information from drones and vehicles and forward them to the corresponding destination nodes. Drones communicate with vehicles within their coverage area via wireless links, collect resource information from them, and execute resource allocation decisions. Drones can also act as relay nodes, extending the range of satellite communications and ensuring that vehicles can still receive necessary communication services in remote areas or when network coverage is insufficient.

[0046] This will help achieve ubiquitous network coverage, which is especially suitable for communication recovery in rural areas and after natural disasters. The integration of satellites, drones and vehicles in the air, space and ground enhances the flexibility of the system, enabling it to adapt to various complex environments.

[0047] S202: The drone regularly broadcasts resource status inquiry messages to collect resource status information of vehicles and adjacent drones within its coverage area, and forms a resource aggregation directory.

[0048] Specifically, drones can provide temporary or long-term communication services in remote areas beyond the reach of terrestrial networks. In such scenarios, ground vehicles are limited in number and resources. Using drones to aggregate resources facilitates information centralization and sharing. Resource aggregation combines available idle resources held by ground vehicles, achieving optimal resource allocation, avoiding idle resources and waste, and improving resource utilization and the efficiency of responding to vehicle application requests.

[0049] Resource aggregation involves collecting and aggregating all available resources on vehicles and quickly providing them to vehicles in need. The drone regularly aggregates resources from vehicles and neighboring drones through queries, categorizing and storing the collected resources to form a resource directory that includes vehicle or drone ID, computing resources, storage resources, location, speed, and direction of travel.

[0050] In this step, you first need to define a unified resource format.

[0051] The resources held by a vehicle can be defined as the following five-tuple:

[0052] VRSC = (VRID, VRNAME, ADDRESS, AREA, TYPE). VRID represents the unique identifier of the resource, VRNAME represents the name of the resource, ADDRESS represents the address of the resource, AREA represents the location information of the resource, and TYPE represents the type of resource. In the present invention, the vehicle resource types considered include computing resources and storage resources. TYPE = 1 represents computing resources, and TYPE = 2 represents storage resources.

[0053] Secondly, the characteristics of the resources need to be clarified.

[0054] Generally speaking, the resources requested by vehicle users are resources that meet certain specific conditions, and the vehicle users do not know the location of these resources. At the same time, there is more than one such resource; resources are dynamically changing resources, meeting user needs at a certain time and not meeting them at another time, and vice versa; the type and quantity of resources are also changing, and resources may join or leave the air-space-ground-vehicle network environment at any time and anywhere.

[0055] In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), due to issues such as vehicle privacy and selfishness, vehicles are uncertain about how to share their resources. This leads to resource uncertainty within the IoV network. Furthermore, due to vehicle mobility, even if a vehicle accepts a task offload, service interruptions may occur during the service process, severely impacting the reliability of resource offload within the IoV network. Therefore, resource discovery is crucial for resource management in the integrated air-ground-space IoV network.

[0056] In one embodiment, within the coverage area of ​​a drone, the drone regularly broadcasts resource status inquiry messages. After receiving the resource status inquiry messages, vehicles within the coverage area send their own resource status to the drone. The drone receives the resource status messages sent by the vehicles and aggregates the resource status.

[0057] In this invention, the drone will periodically broadcast resource status inquiry messages to collect vehicle resource information within the coverage area. The query message packet format is shown in Table 1 below, including the packet ID, computing resource threshold, storage resource threshold, and task priority.

[0058] Table 1 Inquiry message data packet format

[0059]

[0060] When a drone broadcasts a query message to aggregate the resource status of vehicles within its coverage area, it sets both CR_threshold and SR_threshold to 0. Upon receiving the query message, neighboring drones send their own resource records to the drones. Upon receiving the query message, the vehicles then share their shared resource status with the drones. The format of the resource status data packets sent by vehicles and drones is shown in Table 2. These packets include the vehicle or drone ID, computing resource status, storage resource status, and the vehicle or drone's location, speed, and direction of travel. Drones periodically aggregate resource status from vehicles and neighboring drones using this query method.

[0061] Table 2 Feedback resource status data packet format

[0062]

[0063] Resource aggregation aims to collect the computing and storage resources of every vehicle node within the drone's coverage area as instantly, accurately, and completely as possible. At intervals of T, or upon receiving a resource mismatch message from a vehicle, the drone sends a query message to exchange data with vehicles and neighboring drones within its communication range to collect vehicle resource information. By regularly broadcasting resource status query messages, the drone updates its resource aggregation directory for vehicles and neighboring drones within its coverage area based on the most recently received resource status. The drone can fuse data from different vehicles to provide a more comprehensive picture of available vehicle resources, supporting complex connected vehicle applications.

[0064] The drone performs resource discovery. After receiving resource information from vehicles or neighboring drones, it categorizes the resources and stores them in a linked list. The resources recorded by the drone include the vehicle's computing resources, the vehicle's storage resources, and the resource information of neighboring drones. The resource directory aggregated by the drone can be consistent with the resource information packet format, as shown in Table 2. This directory includes the vehicle or drone ID, computing resource information, storage resource information, and the vehicle's or drone's location, speed, and direction of travel. The ID allows for quick identification of the vehicle or drone that can provide resources. Taking into account the location, speed, and direction of travel of both the vehicle and neighboring drones, the drone can then offload tasks to the vehicle or neighboring drone for the most efficient execution.

[0065] S203: The UAV allocates resources according to the resource aggregation directory and the resource request message.

[0066] In this step, after receiving the resource request message sent by the vehicle based on the resource situation inquiry message, the drone searches for the corresponding resources in the resource aggregation directory according to the request type, and if the corresponding resources exist, executes the preset resource allocation algorithm, generates a task request, and sends the task request to the service vehicle or adjacent drone with the corresponding resources; if the corresponding resources do not exist, a resource mismatch message is returned.

[0067] Specifically, upon receiving a resource inquiry message, the vehicle acquires local resources. If local resources are lacking, it sends a resource request message to other vehicles and drones within its communication range. If the vehicle is outside the drone's communication range, it sends the resource request message to other vehicles or satellites, which then forward it to the nearest drone. When a drone receives a resource request from a mission vehicle, it sends the resource request message to the corresponding vehicle or drone based on the aggregated resource availability, executing the resource allocation process.

[0068] The data packet of the resource request message sent by the vehicle includes the vehicle / UAV ID, data field and task priority. The data field contains the actual data to be transmitted, and the task priority is used to distinguish the priority of the resource request.

[0069] For example, when a drone receives a task requiring resources from a vehicle, it can quickly find the aggregated idle resources of vehicles to provide services for the task vehicle. When a vehicle wants to join and share its own resources, it sends its resource holdings to the drone. When a vehicle generates a task and needs resources, it sends a resource request to the drone, and the drone can quickly dispatch vehicles within the coverage area to provide resources. For the task vehicle, it does not need to know which specific vehicles provide the resources, it only needs to obtain the results of the task execution. The resources that can be shared by vehicles in this scenario include computing resources and storage resources. In the actual environment, vehicles have different resource configurations, and they are driving fast on the road, sometimes gathering and sometimes dispersing. The method of the present invention can better adapt to the dynamic changes of vehicles.

[0070] In one embodiment, the drone determines the missing computing resources and storage resources based on the resource request message, and then searches in the resource aggregation directory; if the resources of a single service vehicle meet the missing computing resources and storage resources, the task request is sent to the service vehicle; if the resources of a single service vehicle do not meet the missing computing resources and storage resources, multiple vehicles are combined for resources, or resource requests are sent to adjacent drones for collaborative processing.

[0071] For example, when a drone receives a resource request from a mission vehicle, it will send an inquiry message to a specific vehicle or neighboring drone. At this time, the drone will analyze the specific computing resources and storage resources required to perform the mission based on the vehicle's resource request, and send the inquiry message to the vehicle or neighboring drone that meets the resource threshold. The neighboring drone receives the inquiry message, executes the mission and returns the result. After the vehicle receives the inquiry message data packet, since the vehicle's location and on-board resources are changing at any time, it will compare its own resources with the resources of the inquiry message. If the computing resources and storage resources held by the vehicle are greater than the given threshold, the vehicle will execute the mission and return the result to the drone; if the computing resources and storage resources held by the vehicle are less than the threshold, a resource mismatch result will be returned. The receipt of a resource mismatch result by the drone indicates that the vehicle situation in the area has changed significantly, and the drone's resource directory needs to be updated. At this time, the drone broadcasts the inquiry message again to aggregate resources and update the recorded vehicle resource situation. The drone resource discovery flow chart is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0072] The resource directory aggregated by drones is organized and stored in a linked list structure to facilitate rapid resource allocation. Resources of the same type form a chain, including the vehicle's computing resource chain, the vehicle's storage resource chain, and the drone's resource chain. The computing resource chain records the computing resource status of multiple vehicles within the drone's coverage area. The aggregated resource directory formed after the drone resources are aggregated is shown in the figure below. Figure 5As shown. When a drone receives a feedback message packet from a vehicle or drone, it searches the resource aggregation directory. If there is no local feedback message from the vehicle or drone, the resource status of the vehicle or drone is recorded in the corresponding location in the resource aggregation directory. The resources on each chain are arranged from large to small, with the resources closest to the head of the chain being the largest. When a drone receives a resource request from a task vehicle, it calculates the required computing and storage resources based on the task request type, searches the resource aggregation directory, and forwards the task to the appropriate vehicle or neighboring drone for completion. When a drone receives a resource feedback message from a vehicle or neighboring drone, it searches the resource aggregation directory based on the vehicle or neighboring drone ID and updates the resource status.

[0073] In another embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, after resource aggregation, the drone understands the resource status of vehicles within its coverage area and the resource status of neighboring drones. When a drone receives a resource request from a mission vehicle, it searches the aggregated resource directory. If it finds resources that meet the mission vehicle's resource needs, the drone allocates the resources. The relevant drones and service vehicles perform the mission and return the execution data results to the mission vehicle. If the aggregated resource directory does not find resources that meet the mission vehicle's needs, it indicates that the resources of the existing drones and vehicles within the communication range cannot meet the mission vehicle's resource request, and the drone returns a resource mismatch message to the mission vehicle.

[0074] After resource aggregation, a drone maintains the computing and storage resources of vehicles within its coverage area, as well as the storage resources of neighboring drones. When a drone receives a resource request from a vehicle or neighboring drone, it searches the aggregated resource directory. If a resource in the directory can satisfy the vehicle's or neighboring drone's resource request, it executes the resource allocation algorithm. Otherwise, it returns a resource mismatch. The specific search algorithm is shown in Table 3.

[0075] Table 3 UAV resource search algorithm

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] The drone receives a resource request message from a vehicle within its communication range. Since the drone has a global understanding of vehicle resources, it will make specific resource allocation decisions based on the resource request message and the global vehicle resource situation it has. The resource allocation strategy is shown in Table 4 and can be divided into the following situations:

[0079] 1. If a single vehicle within the drone’s coverage area has sufficient resources to satisfy the vehicle resource request of the mission vehicle, the drone will send a resource request message to the single vehicle, which will then complete the mission and return the result.

[0080] 2. If any single vehicle within the drone's coverage area has insufficient resources to meet the mission vehicle's resource request, but multiple vehicles can jointly meet the resource request, the drone will split the resource request and send it to multiple vehicles, who will then collaborate to complete the mission.

[0081] 3. If the combined resources of all vehicles within a drone's coverage area are insufficient to meet the task vehicle's resource request, the drone can send the resource request message to a neighboring drone, which then makes a decision based on its global information to complete the task. Multiple drones can communicate collaboratively, improving the overall performance and reliability of the communication network through distributed processing and data sharing.

[0082] Table 4. UAV resource allocation strategy

[0083] Algorithm: Resource Allocation Strategy 1. The UAV receives the resource request from the mission vehicle and makes a resource judgment 2. If a single vehicle within the coverage area can meet the resource requirements, the task request is sent to the vehicle; 3. Multiple vehicles within the coverage area can work together to meet resource requirements, splitting the task into pieces and sending them to multiple vehicles; 4. If the service vehicle resources within the coverage area are insufficient, the task will be sent to the adjacent drone; 5Return task execution results

[0084] In the air-ground-vehicle network proposed by this invention, each vehicle possesses a certain amount of computing and storage resources. These resources can be aggregated and provided to different vehicle users on demand through drones, without the vehicles having to worry about the specific details of these resources. This air-ground-vehicle network can reduce costs while enhancing the system's resilience, which is crucial in remote areas with limited infrastructure.

[0085] S204: After receiving the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone, the drone transmits the result back to the vehicle that sent the resource request message.

[0086] The service vehicle receives the vehicle resource request message or resource request fragment message issued by the UAV, performs the corresponding operation to complete the task, and returns the resource response message to the task vehicle. The format definition of the resource response message data packet is shown in Table 5. Here, it is assumed that all vehicles are selfless and provide best-effort resource services. The idle resources owned by the vehicles that receive the resource request message can be shared.

[0087] Table 5 Format of service vehicle resource response message data packet

[0088]

[0089] Assuming that within a very short time slice, the relative positions of the vehicles and the connectivity of the integrated air-ground-space vehicle network do not change, the resource response message of the service vehicle is returned to the task vehicle along the path of the corresponding resource request message.

[0090] Using the above method, a connected vehicle system model is first constructed, consisting of satellites, drones, and vehicles. Low-orbit satellite systems are used to provide extensive communication connectivity to remote areas and those difficult to reach by ground base stations, helping to achieve full network coverage and provide communication connectivity. Drones are used as relay nodes to expand the range of satellite communications, reduce communication blind spots, and improve overall communication efficiency. Drones are then used to promptly collect information about the resources of vehicles and neighboring drones within their coverage area, enabling them to quickly locate and match available resources, improving the efficiency and accuracy of resource utilization. Resource allocation is then performed based on the type of resource requested, ensuring effective resource utilization and timely task completion. Through resource aggregation and intelligent allocation strategies, the system can more effectively utilize limited resources, improving resource utilization and overall system performance. In remote areas or disaster environments, the system can provide stable communication services through the collaboration of drones and satellites, enhancing system robustness and reliability, and further providing strong support for complex connected vehicle applications.

[0091] Secondly, the present invention also provides an air-ground-integrated vehicle network resource allocation device, such as Figure 7 Shown, including:

[0092] The construction module 701 is used to construct a vehicle network system model including a satellite, a drone and a vehicle, wherein the satellite is a low earth orbit satellite system and the drone flies at a fixed time and a preset trajectory.

[0093] The aggregation module 702 is used to control the drone to regularly broadcast resource status inquiry messages, collect resource status of vehicles and adjacent drones within its coverage area, and form a resource aggregation directory.

[0094] The allocation module 703 is used to search for corresponding resources in the resource aggregation directory according to the request type after the drone receives the resource request message sent by the vehicle according to the resource situation inquiry message, and if the corresponding resources exist, execute the preset resource allocation algorithm, generate a task request, and send the task request to the service vehicle or adjacent drone with the corresponding resources; if the corresponding resources do not exist, return a resource mismatch message.

[0095] The feedback module 704 is configured to transmit the result feedback to the vehicle that sent the resource request message after the drone receives the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone.

[0096] Using the above-mentioned device, a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2I) system model is first constructed, comprising satellites, drones, and vehicles. Using a low-orbit satellite system, it provides extensive communication connectivity to remote areas and areas difficult to reach by ground base stations, helping to achieve full network coverage and provide communication connectivity. Using drones as relay nodes expands the range of satellite communications, reduces communication blind spots, and improves overall communication efficiency. This helps drones timely collect information about the resources of vehicles and neighboring drones within their coverage area, enabling them to quickly locate and match available resources, improving the efficiency and accuracy of resource utilization. Resource allocation is then performed based on the type of resource requested, ensuring effective resource utilization and timely task completion. Through resource aggregation and intelligent allocation strategies, the system can more effectively utilize limited resources, improving resource utilization and overall system performance. In remote areas or disaster environments, the system can provide stable communication services through the collaboration of drones and satellites, enhancing system robustness and reliability, and further providing strong support for complex V2I applications.

[0097] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, which can be used to execute the above Figure 2 The steps of the provided air-space-ground integrated vehicle network resource allocation method are as follows:

[0098] The present invention also provides a computer device. At the hardware level, the computer device includes a processor, an internal bus, a network interface, a memory, and a non-volatile memory. Of course, it may also include hardware required for other services. The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the memory and then runs it to achieve the above Figure 2 The steps of the provided air-space-ground integrated vehicle network resource allocation method are as follows:

[0099] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0100] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0101] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0102] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0103] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above can enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, although this specification has described the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced with equivalents; and all technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the patent for the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A method for allocating resources for an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing a vehicle networking system model including a satellite, a drone, and a vehicle, wherein the satellite provides a communication connection for the drone and the vehicle, and the drone flies at a fixed time and a preset trajectory; The drone regularly broadcasts resource status inquiry messages to collect resource status information of vehicles and adjacent drones within its coverage area and form a resource aggregation directory; After receiving the resource request message sent by the vehicle according to the resource situation inquiry message, the drone searches for the corresponding resource in the resource aggregation directory according to the request type, and if the corresponding resource exists, executes the preset resource allocation algorithm to generate a task request, and sends the task request to the service vehicle or adjacent drone with the corresponding resource; if the corresponding resource does not exist, it returns a resource mismatch message; After receiving the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone, the drone transmits the result back to the vehicle that sent the resource request message.

2. The method for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the vehicle receives a resource status inquiry message, it obtains local resources and sends them to the drone. If local resources are missing, it sends a resource request message to other vehicles and drones within its communication range. If the vehicle is outside the drone's communication coverage, it sends the resource request message to other vehicles or satellites, which then forward it to the nearest drone.

3. The method for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drone regularly aggregates the resource status of vehicles and adjacent drones through inquiries, and stores the collected resources in categories to form a resource directory including vehicle or drone ID, computing resources, storage resources, location, speed and driving direction.

4. The method for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data packet of the resource request message sent by the vehicle includes a vehicle / UAV ID, a data field and a task priority. The data field contains the actual data to be transmitted, and the task priority is used to distinguish the priority of the resource request.

5. The method for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UAV determines the missing computing resources and storage resources based on the resource request message, and then searches in the resource aggregation directory; if the resources of a single service vehicle meet the missing computing resources and storage resources, the UAV sends the task request to the service vehicle; In the case that the resources of a single service vehicle cannot meet the missing computing resources and storage resources, multiple vehicles are combined to share resources, or resource requests are sent to adjacent drones for collaborative processing.

6. The method for allocating resources of an integrated air-ground-space vehicle network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The drone regularly broadcasts resource status inquiry messages to update the resource aggregation directory of vehicles and neighboring drones within its coverage area based on the most recently received resource status.

7. An air-ground-integrated vehicle network resource allocation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A construction module is used to construct a vehicle network system model including a satellite, a drone, and a vehicle, wherein the satellite is a low-Earth orbit satellite system and the drone flies at a fixed time and a preset trajectory; The aggregation module is used to control the drone to regularly broadcast resource status inquiry messages, collect resource information from vehicles and adjacent drones within its coverage area, and form a resource aggregation directory; The allocation module is used to search for corresponding resources in the resource aggregation directory according to the request type after the UAV receives the resource request message sent by the vehicle according to the resource status inquiry message. If the corresponding resources exist, it executes the preset resource allocation algorithm to generate a task request and sends the task request to the service vehicle or adjacent UAV with the corresponding resources. If the corresponding resources do not exist, it returns a resource mismatch message. The feedback module is used to transmit the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone to the vehicle that sent the resource request message after the drone receives the result feedback from the service vehicle or drone.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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