Actual measurement method for stress deformation of high and large formwork supporting system of concrete structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a concrete structure tall formwork supporting system stress deformation actual measurement method, and relates to the technical field of constructional engineering structure safety, the method comprises the following steps: determining initial stress distribution reference data through a pre-established supporting system geometric model database, and determining final construction adjustment guidance data; according to the final digital construction scheme, a construction safety assessment report is automatically generated, final conclusion data of safety assessment is determined, a result is fed back to the design optimization module through the data transmission module, and the unsolved uneven stress or deformation problem is extracted from the feedback data; obtaining input parameters of a new round of design optimization, and obtaining a continuously improved design iteration result; according to the actual measurement method for stress deformation of the high and large formwork supporting system of the concrete structure, the design rationality and construction safety of the high and large formwork supporting system are improved, and intelligent and digital whole-process management and control are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building engineering structural safety, and in particular to a method for measuring the stress and deformation of a high-rise formwork support system of a concrete structure. Background Art

[0002] Research on support systems for tall concrete formwork plays a crucial role in the construction industry. It directly impacts construction safety and project quality, and is a key component in ensuring the smooth implementation of large-scale construction projects. As buildings continue to expand in scale and complexity, the design and stability of support systems have become a focus of industry attention, and their importance is self-evident.

[0003] However, in the current design of support systems, the prevailing methods often ignore the symmetrical layout of the structure, resulting in uneven deformation during construction and even safety hazards. Existing solutions often address deformation by increasing material usage or strengthening local supports. However, this approach not only increases costs but also fails to fundamentally solve the problem of deformation control, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of modern engineering for efficiency and economy. Against this background, the core challenges facing this field are gradually emerging. If the principle of symmetry is not fully considered during the design of the support system, it will lead to uneven force distribution, which in turn will cause the problem of increased overall deformation of the structure. The uncertainty of this deformation makes prediction and control extremely difficult. Traditional empirical design methods often cannot accurately grasp the deformation laws, resulting in frequent adjustments during construction and low efficiency. This logical chain from lack of symmetry to difficulty in deformation control and then to insufficient prediction accuracy constitutes a technical bottleneck that current research urgently needs to break through. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the stress and deformation of a high formwork support system of a concrete structure, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for measuring the stress and deformation of a high-rise formwork support system of a concrete structure, the method comprising: Using a pre-established database of support system geometry models, we can obtain the initial design parameters for the large formwork support system. Based on the geometric characteristics and loading conditions of different building structures, we can construct a preliminary design framework that includes symmetric layout constraints and determine the baseline data for the initial force distribution. Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined. Based on the final construction adjustment guidance data, a visual adjustment chart is generated through the information processing system. The positions and parameters of key adjustment points are extracted from the chart, and digital execution instructions for the construction site are obtained. It is determined whether the instructions match the site conditions. If not, the local parameters are recalculated to obtain the final digital construction plan. Based on the final digital construction plan, a construction safety assessment report is automatically generated. A comprehensive analysis of the force distribution and deformation control data in the plan is conducted to obtain the distribution probability of potential safety risks, determine whether the risk probability is below the preset threshold, and determine the final conclusion data of the safety assessment. The final conclusion data of the safety assessment is fed back to the design optimization module through the data transmission module. Unresolved uneven force or deformation problems are extracted from the feedback data, and the input parameters for the next round of design optimization are obtained. It is determined whether the optimization has reached the preset convergence conditions. If not, the above process is repeated to obtain continuously improved design iteration results.

[0006] Preferably, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined based on the benchmark data of the initial force distribution, including using the finite element analysis method to perform force simulation on the support system based on the benchmark data of the initial force distribution, obtaining the stress value and displacement value of each key node, and judging whether there is uneven force. If the stress value of a certain node exceeds the preset threshold range, it is marked as a high-risk area, and the optimization requirement area of ​​the force distribution is obtained.

[0007] Preferably, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, and further includes adjusting the position and connection method of the rods of the support system based on the principle of symmetrical layout for the optimization requirement area of ​​the force distribution, obtaining the adjusted geometric layout parameters through iterative calculation, determining the stress value and displacement value under the new force distribution state, and forming optimized design scheme data.

[0008] Preferably, the method of determining the final construction adjustment guidance data based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution also includes constructing a prediction model for structural deformation based on the optimized design scheme data, using the support vector regression algorithm in machine learning, inputting historical construction data and current design parameters, obtaining the prediction results of the deformation trend, judging whether the prediction results meet the preset deformation control standards, and obtaining a preliminary evaluation value of the deformation prediction.

[0009] Preferably, the final construction adjustment guidance data determined based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution also includes a preliminary evaluation value for deformation prediction, and the prediction model is dynamically corrected by introducing real-time monitoring data, and actual deformation data and environmental variables are obtained from on-site sensors. If the deviation between the actual deformation data and the predicted value exceeds a preset threshold, the model parameter update is triggered to determine the corrected deformation prediction result.

[0010] Preferably, the method of determining the final construction adjustment guidance data based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution also includes generating a construction adjustment plan for the support system based on the corrected deformation prediction results, automatically calculating the required local reinforcement parameters for the high deformation areas that may appear in the prediction, obtaining the number and position distribution of the reinforcement rods, and determining the final construction adjustment guidance data.

[0011] Preferably, the support system geometric model database includes a table of standard node mechanical response parameters under different template configurations and pole arrangements, which is used to support structural adaptation calculations of initial design parameters.

[0012] Preferably, the preliminary design framework of the symmetry layout constraint is generated based on the axis symmetry and load equal distribution rules in the structural plan view, and is used to constrain the initial force boundary conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the visual adjustment chart is based on the structural cross-section diagram, and superimposes and displays the adjustment force value and the recommended correction displacement of each key component.

[0014] Preferably, the positions of the key adjustment points are obtained by a node strain gradient identification algorithm in a finite element analysis model and mapped and registered with the measured points.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This method for measuring the stress and deformation of a tall formwork support system for a concrete structure obtains initial design parameters through a pre-established geometric model database and constructs a design framework that includes symmetrical layout constraints. Finite element analysis is used for stress simulation, high-risk areas are identified, and the support system layout is optimized based on the principle of symmetry. A machine learning algorithm is combined to predict the deformation trend of the structure, and a dynamic correction prediction model for real-time monitoring data is introduced. Based on the corrected prediction results, a construction adjustment plan is automatically generated, local reinforcement parameters are calculated, and digital execution instructions are generated through a visualization system. The present invention also automatically generates a safety assessment report, analyzes potential risks, and feeds back the results to the design optimization module to achieve continuous iterative improvement of the design. This method can effectively improve the design rationality and construction safety of tall formwork support systems, and realize intelligent and digital whole-process control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for measuring the stress and deformation of a high-rise formwork support system of a concrete structure, the method comprising: Using a pre-established database of support system geometry models, we can obtain the initial design parameters for the large formwork support system. Based on the geometric characteristics and loading conditions of different building structures, we can construct a preliminary design framework that includes symmetric layout constraints and determine the baseline data for the initial force distribution. Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined. Based on the final construction adjustment guidance data, a visual adjustment chart is generated through the information processing system. The positions and parameters of key adjustment points are extracted from the chart, and digital execution instructions for the construction site are obtained. It is determined whether the instructions match the site conditions. If not, the local parameters are recalculated to obtain the final digital construction plan. Based on the final digital construction plan, a construction safety assessment report is automatically generated. A comprehensive analysis of the force distribution and deformation control data in the plan is conducted to obtain the distribution probability of potential safety risks, determine whether the risk probability is below the preset threshold, and determine the final conclusion data of the safety assessment. The final conclusion data of the safety assessment is fed back to the design optimization module through the data transmission module. Unresolved uneven force or deformation problems are extracted from the feedback data, and the input parameters for the next round of design optimization are obtained. It is determined whether the optimization has reached the preset convergence conditions. If not, the above process is repeated to obtain continuously improved design iteration results.

[0019] This method digitally manages the parameters of the formwork support system based on a pre-established geometric model database. First, based on the dimensional characteristics of the building structure and the design loads, the corresponding parameters are matched in the model database to establish a preliminary design framework that meets symmetry and uniform stiffness distribution, and the initial force baseline for each node and component is obtained. Next, through load simulation and boundary condition analysis, construction adjustment guidance data is generated. An information processing system automatically creates adjustment charts to identify the support points and related parameters that require key adjustments. By interfacing with sensors and feedback systems at the construction site, it determines whether actual construction conditions meet the design instructions. If not, local parameter adjustments are made. Finally, a construction plan is output through the construction simulation model, and its stress and deformation states are safety assessed using structural mechanics algorithms to calculate the risk probability. Once the risk falls below the design threshold, the results are fed back to the design module for the next round of optimization, forming a closed-loop, iteratively improved support system design and construction process.

[0020] The core technical principles of this method are based on structural mechanics force analysis and the digital modeling capabilities of information processing systems. The entire process retrieves design parameters for the formwork support system from a geometric model database and, combined with the actual structure and loading conditions at the construction site, constructs a preliminary design framework that incorporates symmetry constraints. Simulation analysis then determines initial force distribution data for nodes and components. The force analysis first relies on the principle of static equilibrium, which states that the net horizontal and vertical forces at each node are zero, and the net moment about the vertical axis is also zero, ensuring the mechanical equilibrium of the system. Hooke's law is used to calculate the deformation of the support members. The deformation is calculated as the product of the axial force and the length of the component, divided by the product of the component's cross-sectional area and the elastic modulus of the material. For example, if a component experiences an axial force of 10,000 Newtons, is three meters long, has a cross-sectional area of ​​3.14 times ten to the power of -4 square meters, and an elastic modulus of 2.1 times ten to the power of 11 Pascals, the elongation or compression deformation of the component can be calculated. To determine the stability of the support system, the Euler critical load formula is used. This load is equal to the square of pi multiplied by the material's elastic modulus and the section moment of inertia, divided by the square of the effective length of the component. The effective length is determined by the support method, such as pinned, fixed, or free-end, and affects the critical load-bearing capacity of the component. Structural deformation is controlled by a maximum allowable deformation value, typically specified by the code, such as no more than one-three-hundredth of the original length of the component. If the actual calculated or measured deformation exceeds this value, structural adjustments are required. During the construction drawing generation process, a sensitivity analysis algorithm is used to identify the nodes that have the greatest impact on the overall load from the initial load data. These nodes are defined as critical adjustment points. They are identified by evaluating the impact of changes in the load at each node on the total deformation, that is, analyzing the contribution of a change in the load at a specific point to the overall structural deformation. During the structural safety assessment phase, the system uses a probabilistic statistical model to assess the risk of structural instability. The risk probability is calculated based on a normal distribution model, taking into account the difference between the structural resistance and the external load and its standard deviation. If the calculated probability falls below a set safety threshold (e.g., 1 percent), the solution is considered to meet safety requirements; otherwise, the design or parameter adjustments are necessary. This method also incorporates a feedback mechanism that returns the evaluation results to the design optimization module. If the feedback data detects uneven force distribution or excessive deformation in certain areas, the system extracts the corresponding parameters and enters the next round of optimization. Iterations continue until the optimization converges, ensuring continuous improvement of the design solution.

[0021] This systematic approach enables accurate prediction of the stress and deformation behavior of the formwork support system before construction. Leveraging stress models and safety assessment mechanisms, structural weaknesses can be eliminated before construction begins, ensuring construction quality. Furthermore, feedback optimization mechanisms continuously improve design efficiency and accuracy, reducing rework and material waste. Information systems enable the digitization and automation of the construction management process, significantly enhancing overall construction safety and intelligence.

[0022] Based on the benchmark data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined, including using the finite element analysis method to simulate the force of the support system based on the benchmark data of the initial force distribution, obtaining the stress and displacement values ​​of each key node, and judging whether there is uneven force. If the stress value of a node exceeds the preset threshold range, it is marked as a high-risk area, and the optimization requirement area of ​​the force distribution is obtained.

[0023] The core of this implementation lies in using finite element analysis to simulate the structure of the formwork support system to determine specific guidance for construction adjustments. The specific steps are as follows: First, a finite element model of the support system is established based on the initial design parameters. This model divides the entire system into a number of one-dimensional bar elements, with each element representing a section of the support member and nodes representing the connections between the members. The system inputs the cross-sectional area, elastic modulus of the material, and member length of each member, and sets load conditions and boundary constraints. The stiffness of a member depends on its material and geometric properties and can be expressed as the cross-sectional area multiplied by the elastic modulus divided by the member length. This stiffness value affects the member's deformation response under load. Next, by applying design loads to the structure (such as the deadweight of the concrete applied to the construction formwork and construction live loads), the system begins to solve for stress and displacement at each node. The stress calculation process begins by numerically calculating the axial force within each member and then dividing the axial force by its cross-sectional area to obtain the stress. Stress reflects the magnitude of the internal force per unit area of ​​the member. Displacement is calculated by multiplying the axial force acting on a component by its original length, then dividing the result by the product of the component's cross-sectional area and the material's elastic modulus. This result indicates the degree of axial elongation or compression of the component and reflects the degree of deformation at the node. Next, the system compares the stress value at each critical node with the specified allowable stress range. This allowable stress is typically derived from relevant structural design specifications. For example, if the support material is Q235 steel, its design allowable stress can be set at 215 MPa. If the stress value at a node exceeds this threshold, the node is marked as a high-risk area. After identifying a high-risk node, the system automatically expands the component area adjacent to the node and defines it as an "optimization-required area." These areas are targeted for subsequent construction adjustments and structural reinforcement. This method, based on determining node stress excesses, effectively identifies areas that bear excessive internal forces within the overall load field and provides on-site construction personnel with precise adjustment recommendations to ensure the overall safety and stability of the formwork support system.

[0024] The introduction of finite element simulation technology allows for precise control of the stress state of each support node, significantly enhancing the solution's relevance and scientific nature. By calculating the actual stress and displacement at each node and comparing its risk level against safety regulations, local weaknesses can be effectively identified, avoiding overall misjudgment. Furthermore, clearly defining areas requiring optimization facilitates precise resource allocation, shortens construction time, and improves both efficiency and safety.

[0025] Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined, which also includes the optimization requirement area for the force distribution. The position and connection method of the support system rods are adjusted based on the principle of symmetrical layout. The adjusted geometric layout parameters are obtained through iterative calculation, and the stress and displacement values ​​under the new force distribution state are determined to form the optimized design scheme data.

[0026] The core of this implementation lies in adjusting the geometric layout and connection methods of components based on structural symmetry after discovering areas of uneven stress or overload in the formwork support system. The adjustments are then iteratively verified using structural mechanics calculations, ultimately generating optimized design data. The initial optimization phase begins with identifying "areas requiring optimization." The system first analyzes high-stress nodes in the current support system. Then, based on the principle of horizontal or vertical symmetry, it adjusts the positions of support members in these areas. For example, it replicates the support structure on one side in symmetrical locations and adjusts its connection methods to surrounding components, perhaps switching from a unidirectional connection to a multidirectional connection to provide a more uniform stress path. After the layout adjustments, the new component geometry must be recalculated. Specifically, if the horizontal and vertical coordinates of two nodes are "x1, y1" and "x2, y2," respectively, the component length is equal to the square root of the sum of "(x2 minus x1) squared" plus "y2 minus y1) squared," yielding the actual length of the new component. To determine the stress response of the component under the new geometric layout, the system continues to use mechanical calculations. The stress value of a component is calculated as the axial internal force acting on the component divided by its cross-sectional area. The axial internal force of a component is determined by solving the overall force equilibrium. The cross-sectional area is given by the component design specifications. For example, the area of ​​a steel pipe with a diameter of 48 mm and a wall thickness of 3.5 mm can be calculated using geometric formulas. The axial displacement of a component is calculated using Hooke's law. Specifically, the calculation method is: the product of the component force value and the component length divided by the product of its cross-sectional area and the elastic modulus. The elastic modulus is determined by the material itself. For example, the elastic modulus of ordinary carbon steel is generally 2.1 times 10 to the 11th power Pascal. The optimization process is an iterative cycle of repeated adjustments and verifications. After each update of the component position and connection method, the system recalculates the stress and displacement data at each node and compares them with the preset safety standards. If any node stress still exceeds the allowable range, the layout is adjusted again. After each iteration, the system determines whether the difference between the current maximum stress and the target stress is less than a preset tolerance (for example, 5 MPa). If this condition is met, the optimization is considered converged and the iteration stops; otherwise, the next round of geometric adjustments is continued. Ultimately, the system outputs design scheme data that meets safety requirements and has a reasonable structural layout, which is used to guide subsequent construction layout and adjustment operations.

[0027] This optimization strategy utilizes symmetrical design principles to eliminate eccentric loading caused by improper structural layout, effectively reducing the risk of component overload and premature failure. Furthermore, through iterative geometric adjustments and precise load simulation, it achieves progressive optimization of the structural mechanical properties, enhancing overall stiffness uniformity and structural stability. The optimized results are highly executable, have a narrow adjustment range, and are easy to operate, significantly improving on-site adjustment efficiency.

[0028] Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined. It also includes building a structural deformation prediction model based on the optimized design scheme data, using the support vector regression algorithm in machine learning, inputting historical construction data and current design parameters, obtaining the predicted results of the deformation trend, judging whether the predicted results meet the preset deformation control standards, and obtaining a preliminary evaluation value of the deformation prediction.

[0029] The core of this implementation is to construct a structural deformation prediction model after the optimized design is finalized to predict the deformation trends likely to occur at key nodes during construction. This prediction process, based on the support vector regression algorithm in machine learning, uses historical project data and current project parameters as input. It ultimately outputs a predicted deformation trend, which is then compared with deformation control standards. First, the input data required to construct the deformation prediction model consists of two types: measured deformation data from previous similar projects and design parameters for each supporting node or component in the current project. These parameters include component length, cross-sectional area, connection method, load level, material elastic modulus, and node number. These parameters together constitute the input feature vector. The support vector regression algorithm attempts to establish a mathematical function that closely matches the input parameters with the output (i.e., node deformation value). This function consists of multiplying each input vector by a set of weights, summing the results, and then adding a bias term to produce a predicted result. In other words, the influence of each parameter set on the result is controlled by the weights, while the bias term is used to calibrate the overall predicted value. To obtain the optimal prediction function, support vector regression is solved by formulating an optimization problem. The goal of this problem is to minimize the weights to prevent overfitting, while also ensuring that the difference between the predicted and actual values ​​does not exceed a set tolerance. If some samples exceed this tolerance, a penalty is applied to them, with the intensity of the penalty controlled by a penalty factor. The tolerance is typically set to a small value, such as 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm, representing the maximum allowable deviation between the predicted and actual deformation values. The penalty factor, typically set between 1 and 100, adjusts the model's tolerance for data outside this tolerance. After model training is complete, all project parameters are input into the trained prediction model. The system automatically outputs predicted deformation values ​​for each key node under a specified load or time. These predicted results are then compared with the maximum allowable deformation values ​​specified in national or industry standards. For example, if the standard requires that formwork deformation must not exceed 1 / 300 of the component length, and the predicted deformation at a node exceeds this limit, the current design poses a deformation risk and requires structural re-optimization. This entire process not only considers prior experience with historical data but also incorporates the specific characteristics of the current project. This allows for the prediction of potential structural deformation issues before construction, significantly improving construction safety and the foresight of the proposed solution.

[0030] By introducing a machine learning regression prediction mechanism, potential structural deformation trends during construction can be quantified and predicted during the design phase, identifying risk points in advance and providing effective early warning information to construction personnel. Compared with the traditional "post-construction observation" model, this method is more forward-looking and proactive, making it particularly suitable for high-risk structural scenarios. The SVR algorithm has good generalization performance and can achieve stable prediction results even with small sample sizes, greatly improving prediction reliability.

[0031] Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined, which also includes a preliminary assessment value for deformation prediction. The prediction model is dynamically corrected by introducing real-time monitoring data, and actual deformation data and environmental variables are obtained from on-site sensors. If the deviation between the actual deformation data and the predicted value exceeds a preset threshold, the model parameter update is triggered to determine the corrected deformation prediction result.

[0032] This implementation incorporates a dynamic correction mechanism based on the aforementioned prediction model. This mechanism utilizes real-time data captured by sensors at the construction site to continuously optimize the accuracy of the prediction model and ensure that deformation predictions truly reflect changes in structural response during actual construction. First, displacement sensors are deployed at key support nodes to collect real-time deformation data of the component. These displacement values ​​are called measured deformation values, denoted by "measured values" in millimeters. Simultaneously, environmental sensors collect environmental variables such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed, which are incorporated into the prediction model's input features. The system compares the predicted value at the current moment with the measured value at that moment. The difference between the two is the prediction deviation, denoted by "prediction deviation equals measured value minus the absolute value of the predicted value." In other words, if the model predicts a deformation of 8.5 mm for a node, but the sensor actually measures 10.2 mm, the prediction deviation is 1.7 mm. A maximum allowable deviation threshold, for example, 2 mm, is set. The system determines whether the current prediction deviation exceeds this threshold. If it does not, the existing prediction model remains unchanged. If it does, the system triggers a model update. During the model update phase, the system adds the latest set of input parameter and measured value pairs to the model's training samples. These parameters, including the geometry, loads, connection characteristics, and collected environmental conditions of the current supporting components, serve as new training data. The system recalculates model parameters, including adjusting the weights and biases used to determine the prediction function. To control model complexity, the system employs a sliding window mechanism, retaining several recent data sets as the valid training set. For example, if the maximum number of samples is set to 100, the oldest sample is automatically deleted when a new sample is added to ensure the model remains up-to-date. The updated model again uses the current design parameters as input and outputs a new prediction result. This result is dynamically corrected based on the latest field measured data, thus more accurately reflecting the actual stress and deformation conditions at the construction site. Finally, the system uses this corrected prediction result for construction monitoring and safety assessment. If the predicted value remains within the permitted range, the current construction plan will continue. If the predicted value still exceeds the limit, the system will issue a warning and recommend adjustments to construction operations or structural design parameters.

[0033] This implementation effectively enhances the predictive model's adaptability and timeliness in the field. By upgrading the static predictive model to a dynamic system with self-correcting capabilities, the accuracy of determining structural deformation behavior under complex and changing construction conditions is significantly improved. Furthermore, by utilizing environmental variables as auxiliary factors, the impact of non-structural factors such as temperature and humidity on deformation trends can be effectively identified, providing a more scientific basis for construction scheduling.

[0034] Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined. This also includes generating a construction adjustment plan for the support system based on the corrected deformation prediction results. For high deformation areas that may appear in the prediction, the required local reinforcement parameters are automatically calculated, the number and position distribution of the reinforcement rods are obtained, and the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined.

[0035] The core of this implementation lies in automatically identifying areas of potential high deformation based on the corrected structural deformation prediction results, and generating an actionable construction adjustment plan based on this information. This plan primarily involves determining areas requiring reinforcement, calculating the required reinforcement force, determining the number and placement of reinforcement rods, and ultimately outputting a final adjustment recommendation. First, the system uses the latest deformation prediction results to identify areas where deformation exceeds the permitted standard. This determination is made by comparing the predicted node displacement values ​​with the maximum permitted displacement value specified in the design specification. For example, if the permitted value is one-three-hundredth of the component length, a node with a predicted value greater than this value is considered a high deformation area. Next, the system calculates the required support force to control deformation in these high deformation areas. This method involves first calculating the "excess deformation value" (i.e., the predicted deformation minus the maximum permitted deformation) that exceeds the specification. Then, using Hooke's law, a reverse calculation is performed to determine the axial force required to offset this deformation. This axial force is calculated by multiplying the "excess deformation value" by the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced component, then by its elastic modulus, and finally dividing by the actual length of the component. For example, if the excess deformation is two millimeters, the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcement member is 3.14 times ten to the negative fourth power square meters, the elastic modulus is 2.1 times ten to the eleventh pascal, and the member length is two meters, then the required additional axial force can be obtained by substituting these values. The system then calculates the required number of reinforcement members based on the design bearing capacity of the standard reinforcement member. Specifically, this total required additional force is divided by the maximum safe load that a single reinforcement member can withstand, rounding up to ensure design redundancy. If the calculated number is 2.6 members, the system determines that three members are required. Finally, based on the current support system layout information, the system prioritizes the placement of reinforcement members at nodes located in and adjacent to high deformation areas. The placement can be cross-shaped, symmetrical, or densely distributed, and the number, type, and location coordinates of each reinforcement member are recorded. The resulting adjustment plan is then converted into structural drawings or a 3D visualization model for on-site implementation.

[0036] This implementation automatically links prediction results with structural adjustments, avoiding manual judgment errors and improving the scientific nature and responsiveness of adjustment decisions. By quantifying the required reinforcement reaction force for each excessive deformation and determining the reinforcement plan accordingly, personalized "quantity-based design" is achieved, significantly improving construction efficiency and structural stability. Furthermore, the output of construction diagrams supports digital construction instructions, enhancing the efficiency of engineering information transmission.

[0037] The support system geometric model database includes a table of standard node mechanical response parameters under different template configurations and vertical pole arrangements, which is used to support the structural adaptation calculation of the initial design parameters. This embodiment expands the function and structural content of the "geometric model database" in claim 1. Specifically, the system's embedded geometric model database not only stores the geometric layout models of various template support systems, but also establishes a "standard node mechanical response parameter table". This parameter table uses the template configuration and vertical pole arrangement as indexes, and stores the typical force response values ​​of the nodes under standard loads under specific configurations. The node mechanical response parameters mainly include the following: The node mechanical response parameters mainly include the following; Shear response (in Newtons): the shear force borne by the node under horizontal load; Displacement response (in millimeters): the typical deformation value of the node under standard load; Buckling critical load (in Newtons): the node instability risk limit value estimated based on the Euler buckling theory. The structural adaptation calculation process is as follows: Before designing a new project, the system automatically matches the closest configuration record in the database based on the user-entered template type (such as full-house support, cantilever template, and diagonal bracing combination structure) and preset vertical bar spacing, horizontal bar layout, and connection method. It then extracts the corresponding node parameters as an "initial mechanical reference template." These reference values ​​serve as baseline input for the preliminary design simulation model, improving modeling efficiency and enhancing the engineering adaptability of the initial solution.

[0038] Parameter description: Template configuration: classified according to project type, such as frame structure, shear wall structure, etc.; Pole arrangement: including symmetrical arrangement, oblique arrangement, dense distribution, cross arrangement, etc.; Node mechanical response parameters: obtained through historical project statistics and simulation average, and regularly updated based on actual project feedback; Adaptation calculation: Complete configuration matching based on the minimum difference principle or similarity evaluation function.

[0039] This database structure implements a linked data access mechanism from "geometric model" to "mechanical response," significantly improving the responsiveness and scientificity of initial design. Standard node parameters support preliminary scheme estimation, effectively avoiding early design blind spots while providing high-quality initial values ​​for subsequent simulation analysis and iterative optimization. This mechanism also enhances the system's intelligence, enabling structural recognition and adaptation recommendation capabilities to meet diverse engineering needs.

[0040] A preliminary design framework for symmetrical layout constraints is generated based on the axis symmetry and load equalization rules in the structural plan view and is used to constrain initial force boundary conditions. This implementation improves the structural rationality and computational efficiency of the initial formwork support system design by introducing the principle of "symmetrical layout constraints." When constructing the preliminary design framework for the support system, the system first analyzes the axis distribution in the structural plan view to identify the building's main axis and axis of symmetry. Typically, geometric reference lines such as the "X-axis," "Y-axis," or "central axis" are clearly defined in the design drawings of the building structure. Next, based on the principle of axis symmetry, the system ensures that the support columns are arranged consistently on both sides of these axes, thereby maintaining a balanced formwork load transfer path. For example, in the transverse and longitudinal directions, if the plate thickness, span, and formwork load on the left and right sides of the axis are similar, the system constrains the column layout to maintain a mirrored arrangement, forming a symmetrical array. This arrangement effectively avoids eccentric loading and localized stress concentration. Furthermore, the system sets force boundary conditions in conjunction with the "load equalization rule." In the process of applying standard unit loads to the boundaries, the system will assume that under symmetrical arrangement conditions, the initial reaction forces of the boundary nodes are equal or approximate, and use this to construct a static equilibrium model. This equilibrium model will serve as the initial boundary input for subsequent finite element simulation calculations to ensure that the modeling process is consistent with the structural geometric logic and improve simulation accuracy. Structural axis information: derived from architectural design CAD drawings, the system automatically extracts through image analysis or BIM interface; Symmetry rules: such as "X-axis symmetry", "bidirectional symmetry" or "center symmetry"; Load equivalence conditions: mainly used for the horizontal distribution of formwork support structures and the uniform distribution area of ​​slab loads; Initial boundary conditions: the system automatically generates boundary types such as fixed support, simple support, sliding support, etc. based on symmetrical units, and applies loads evenly.

[0041] By incorporating the principle of axial symmetry from structural drawings as the basis for formwork layout, this method significantly reduces construction risks associated with uneven loads. It is particularly suitable for designing large, regularly spaced formwork areas. The principle of load equivalence ensures that model boundary conditions more closely resemble actual load conditions, improving simulation efficiency and prediction reliability. This design logic also facilitates formwork positioning and on-site installation during subsequent construction phases, enhancing both efficiency and precision.

[0042] The visual adjustment chart is based on the structural cross-section, and superimposes the adjustment force value and recommended correction displacement of each key component. After the structural simulation analysis and construction adjustment parameter generation are completed, in order to facilitate construction personnel to quickly identify and implement the adjustment plan, this embodiment constructs a visual adjustment chart based on the structural cross-section. The system uses a two-dimensional or three-dimensional building cross-section as the base map, and displays the adjustment data layer in superimposed form according to the position coordinates of each key component in the formwork support system. Among them, the "adjustment force value" refers to the difference between the current stress state and the target stress state of the component, which is used to indicate the amount of external force that needs to be applied or released. The unit is usually Newton or kilonewton. This value is obtained through simulation analysis, that is, the target axial force of the component minus the current force. The "recommended correction displacement" refers to the deformation direction and displacement of the component that should be adjusted. The unit is millimeter, usually an operation such as moving up, pressing down, or horizontal fine-tuning. The value comes from the deviation between the expected deformation value output by the prediction model and the value measured on site. Charts are annotated using colors, arrows, and labels. Color represents the level of adjustment, for example, red for major adjustments, orange for moderate adjustments, and green for minor adjustments. Arrows indicate the direction of adjustment, for example, upward for upward adjustments and rightward for horizontal adjustments. Labels display specific values, such as "+6.5mm" or "-3.2mm." The system also converts charts into digital command data packets for intelligent terminals or construction robots to recognize and execute, enabling intelligent construction.

[0043] Structural cross-sections: imported from architectural design drawings in DWG, IFC, or BIM model cross-section formats; component numbers and coordinates: imported from the geometric model database; adjustment force values: calculated from the difference between the target force of each component in the finite element simulation and the current simulated force; recommended correction displacement: determined by the difference between the expected value output by the prediction model and the current measured value.

[0044] This chart visualizes abstract mechanical calculation results, significantly reducing the barrier to understanding for construction personnel and improving the efficiency and accuracy of adjustment execution. Color-coded prompts and graphical guidance facilitate quick location of problem areas on-site. Chart data is linked to the structural model in real time and can be dynamically updated, offering real-time and interactivity, making it suitable for digital construction environments.

[0045] The positions of key adjustment points are obtained through the node strain gradient identification algorithm in the finite element analysis model, and mapped and aligned with the measured points. This embodiment introduces the "node strain gradient identification algorithm" to accurately extract the positions of key adjustment points in the finite element analysis results, thereby providing key area positioning information for subsequent construction adjustments. This method combines simulation data with on-site measured data to form an accurate adjustment point identification and calibration mechanism. The system first solves the strain distribution of each node under the action of the standard load based on the finite element model of the support system. Strain is the degree of deformation of the component per unit length, which is usually calculated through the strain-displacement relationship. After the solution is completed, the system performs a strain gradient analysis on the entire node network. The strain gradient calculation process is as follows: For any node, its strain gradient value is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the strain changes of its adjacent nodes. The formula is expressed as: "The node strain gradient is equal to the sum of the strain differences between the node and all adjacent nodes", that is: strain gradient = ∑|ε i -ε j |, where ε i Indicates the strain value of the current node, ε j The strain values ​​of directly connected adjacent nodes are used. When the strain gradient of a node exceeds a set threshold (for example, twice the global average strain), it is identified as a "critical adjustment point." This is because significant strain changes have occurred around it, potentially indicating insufficient support stiffness or load concentration. After identification, the system aligns the spatial coordinates of the node in the simulation model with the measured sensor locations deployed on site. Two registration methods are used: geometric mapping, which aligns the simulated coordinates with the measured sensor locations through coordinate transformation; and identity mapping, which establishes a one-to-one correspondence between the points based on information such as component number, floor location, and distance reference lines. After registration, the system identifies the point as a key monitoring and adjustment point, prioritizing its displacement trend, stress distribution, and adjustment recommendations. The node strain ε is derived from the finite element displacement solution and is expressed in microstrains (με). The strain gradient threshold can be set by multiplying the global average strain of the simulation by an empirical coefficient. Adjacent nodes are automatically identified based on the finite element mesh topology. Simulated and measured coordinates are matched by transforming between the model coordinate system and the on-site point system.

[0046] The strain gradient algorithm enables automated, high-precision identification of adjustment points, replacing manual judgment. Bidirectional registration of simulation data with measured data significantly improves the accuracy of key location identification and enhances the integrated capabilities of prediction, monitoring, and adjustment. This method is particularly suitable for extracting key points in large, complex structures, improving system response efficiency and construction control accuracy.

[0047] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the stress and deformation of a high-rise formwork support system of a concrete structure, characterized by: The method comprises: Using a pre-established database of support system geometry models, we can obtain the initial design parameters for the large formwork support system. Based on the geometric characteristics and loading conditions of different building structures, we can construct a preliminary design framework that includes symmetric layout constraints and determine the baseline data for the initial force distribution. Based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, the final construction adjustment guidance data is determined. Based on the final construction adjustment guidance data, a visual adjustment chart is generated through the information processing system. The positions and parameters of key adjustment points are extracted from the chart, and digital execution instructions for the construction site are obtained. It is determined whether the instructions match the site conditions. If not, the local parameters are recalculated to obtain the final digital construction plan. Based on the final digital construction plan, a construction safety assessment report is automatically generated. A comprehensive analysis of the force distribution and deformation control data in the plan is conducted to obtain the distribution probability of potential safety risks, determine whether the risk probability is below the preset threshold, and determine the final conclusion data of the safety assessment. The final conclusion data of the safety assessment is fed back to the design optimization module through the data transmission module. Unresolved uneven force or deformation problems are extracted from the feedback data, and the input parameters for the next round of design optimization are obtained. It is determined whether the optimization has reached the preset convergence conditions. If not, the above process is repeated to obtain continuously improved design iteration results.

2. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The method of determining the final construction adjustment guidance data based on the benchmark data of the initial force distribution includes using the finite element analysis method to perform force simulation on the support system based on the benchmark data of the initial force distribution, obtaining the stress value and displacement value of each key node, and judging whether there is uneven force. If the stress value of a node exceeds a preset threshold range, it is marked as a high-risk area, and the optimization requirement area of ​​the force distribution is obtained.

3. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The final construction adjustment guidance data is determined based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution, and further includes adjusting the position and connection method of the rods of the support system based on the principle of symmetrical layout for the optimization requirement area of ​​the force distribution, obtaining the adjusted geometric layout parameters through iterative calculation, determining the stress value and displacement value under the new force distribution state, and forming optimized design scheme data.

4. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The method of determining the final construction adjustment guidance data based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution also includes constructing a structural deformation prediction model based on the optimized design scheme data, using a support vector regression algorithm in machine learning, inputting historical construction data and current design parameters, obtaining a prediction result of the deformation trend, judging whether the prediction result meets the preset deformation control standard, and obtaining a preliminary evaluation value of the deformation prediction.

5. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The final construction adjustment guidance data determined based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution also includes a preliminary evaluation value for deformation prediction. The prediction model is dynamically corrected by introducing real-time monitoring data, and actual deformation data and environmental variables are obtained from on-site sensors. If the deviation between the actual deformation data and the predicted value exceeds a preset threshold, the model parameter update is triggered to determine the corrected deformation prediction result.

6. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of determining the final construction adjustment guidance data based on the baseline data of the initial force distribution also includes generating a construction adjustment plan for the support system based on the corrected deformation prediction results, automatically calculating the required local reinforcement parameters for high deformation areas that may appear in the prediction, obtaining the number and position distribution of reinforcement rods, and determining the final construction adjustment guidance data.

7. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support system geometric model database includes a table of standard node mechanical response parameters under different template configurations and pole arrangements, which is used to support structural adaptation calculations of initial design parameters.

8. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The preliminary design framework of the symmetry layout constraint is generated based on the axis symmetry and load equal distribution rules in the structural plan, and is used to constrain the initial force boundary conditions.

9. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual adjustment chart is based on the structural cross-section diagram, and superimposes the adjustment force value and the recommended correction displacement of each key component.

10. The method for measuring stress and deformation of a high concrete structure formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positions of the key adjustment points are obtained by a node strain gradient identification algorithm in a finite element analysis model and mapped and registered with the measured points.

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